DOCSLIB.ORG

Aquaponic Growers

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Aquaponic Growers TOP TEN MISTAKES MADE BY aquaponic growers BRIGHT Copyright © 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS IS THIS E-BOOK RIGHT FOR ME? ....................................3 ABOUT THE AUTHOR ......................................................4 ABOUT BRIGHT AGROTECH ..........................................5 THE TOP 10 MISTAKES: 1) UNUSABLE OR HARD-TO-USE FARMS ..........................................6 2) INADEQUATE CIRCULATION/SOLIDS REMOVAL/OR BSA .........7 3) POOR QUALITY WATER ................................................................9 4) UNDERESTIMATING PRODUCTION AND SYSTEM COSTS .........10 5) BIOLOGICAL VIABILITY VS. ECONOMIC VIABILITY....................11 6) CHOOSING THE WRONG CROPS..............................................12 7) SYSTEMS THAT HAVE POOR TRACK RECORDS..........................14 8) LACK OF PEST CONTROL STRATEGY..........................................16 9) GROWERS GET GREEDY .............................................................18 10) FAILURE TO APPROACH MARKETS CREATIVELY......................19 CONCLUSION.................................................................21 2 Back to Top IS THIS EBOOK RIGHT FOR ME? The learning curve of aquaponics is littered with the remains of failed aquaponic ventures and millions of dollars in lost investments. This e-book acts as a guide for beginning aquaponic growers who are interested in operating successful aquaponic systems- whether commercial or hobby systems. This guide will detail 10 of the obstacles which I have encountered again and again on this learning curve and through various consulting experiences with other aspiring aquaponic farmers. Why focus on mistakes? Because let’s face it, we learn a heck of a lot more through our mistakes and failures than we do through our successes. And, the most successful farmers see mistakes as opportunities to learn and improve their farms. I encourage you to learn from these mistakes and keep them in mind when starting or scaling your own aquaponics system. Doing so will save you a lot of heartache and/or financial despair associated with these 10 mistakes. 3 Back to Top 1 ABOUT NATE STOREY Nate Storey earned his Ph.D. in Agronomy from the University of Wyoming researching aquaponic production, novel produce sales, and distribution models. As part of his research, Nate quickly discovered a market need for hydroponic growing towers and invited two friends to join me in serving this need with a product we knew could outperform anything on the market at that time. Bright Agrotech was founded in 2010 in Laramie Wyoming in a garage. In 2011 we won what was then the UW Ellbogen 10K business competition and moved into office space and mentorship at the Wyoming Technology Business Center (WTBC). Around the same time we moved all of our manufacturing to a storage unit on the south side of town in order to expand our labor-intensive manufacturing operations on a monthly basis. The work was tough, and the winters building ZipGrowTM towers by hand were tougher, but it was the cheapest place in town to serve our growing customer base and build our bootstrapped business. Meet the entire Bright Agrotech team here. BRIGHT 4 Back to Top 2 Bright AGrotech The Leader in Volumetric Farming and Live Sales BRIGHT AGROTECH Leader in Volumetric Farming & Live Sales At Bright Agrotech, we’re all about educating, equipping, and empowering people to take more control over their own food. From our educational resources to our ZipGrow™ Technol- ogy, we aim to make farming accessible to everyone from the backyard gardener, to the high school teacher to the commercial vertical farmer. We love seeing someone start with an idea to use space-saving vertical hydroponic produc- tion to grow better for themselves, their schools or their communities. While the media likes to pander to the fearful and freaked out, we try to share stories of innovation, hope, and small-scale success. It’s important to remember that change usually doesn’t take place (i.e., almost never) on a large scale. From the guy tinkering in his garage, the chef growing greens in her kitchen, and the Upstart Farmer growing incredibly fresh herbs a few blocks from a local grocery store, change and innovation takes place on the individu- al level, one step at a time. These relatively non-traditional farmers and innovators may seem small today, but they’ll be the ones feeding us tomorrow. For more helpful videos on aquaponics, hydroponics, vertical farming, greenhouse growing, and more, visit our YouTube Channel. 5 Back to Top 3 Growers Design Unusable or Hard-to-use Farms GROWERS DESIGN UNUSABLE OR HARD-TO-USE FARMS Designing an unusable farm is a mistake of inexperience more than anything else. Many growers haven’t grown before (at least not on a large scale), so they don’t think about work flow and efficiency. Often beginning growers don’t effectively use their available space to increase labor efficiency and lower labor costs in general. Remember: labor is the largest variable cost of production on any farm - aquaponic or otherwise! Growers who ignore this variable tend to design systems that are hard to harvest, that require lots of transplanting and tending work, or that are not conducive to pest control. In troubled systems, access to important system components is limited, making the space not only difficult to use, but dangerous! “Labor is the largest variable cost of production on any farm... Planning ahead will save you many headaches” The cure for this mistake is to think carefully from the start about how you will use your system, how you will harvest fish and produce alike, and how you can plan your system to be user- friendly and efficient. Consider all of your variables, from growing needs (light, water, nutrients, pests, etc.) to user needs (access, convenience, automation, redundancy, etc.) from the start, and only begin to design your system after you’ve seriously considered these variables. Talking to established growers and touring their system designs can be a great help as well. Be sure to ask questions and find out what they would do differently if designing their systems today. 6 Back to Top 4 INADEQUATE CIRCULATION, SOLIDS REMOVAL, AND BIOLOGICAL SURFFACE AREA (BSA) An aquaponics system needs to supply plants and fish with three things they both need to survive and flourish: 1) Oxygen rich water 2) A method for removing waste 3) Biological Surface Area Something that seems so simple is surprisingly tricky if we look at the number of fish-kills, plant disease outbreaks, and dead systems out there. Remember: aquaponic production is not something that you can just “wing,” especially with raft systems where everything depends on circulation. This is a fundamental problem with many systems, and often it’s disguised as something else. Think strongly about your growing media. 7 Back to Top 5 More on the 3 culprits of poor system design... THE 3 CULPRITS OF THE POOR DESIGN SYSTEM Poor Circulation = Poor Oxygen Content in Your Water Systems with poor circulation will often be prone to plant and fish disease outbreaks, facilitated by plant and fish stress from poor dissolved ox- ygen content and/or ammonia accumulation. This is caused by lack of nitrification (either by poor delivery of ammonia-rich waters to nitrifi- cation sites or biofilters, or by lack of oxygen for aerobic nitrifying bacteria). Solids Removal Disease outbreaks can also be caused by oxygen consumption by plants, fish, and microbes followed by inadequate replenishment. This problem can be further complicated with poor circulation patterns or “pockets” in systems where solids and waste accumulate, consuming oxygen as they decompose. Biological Surface Area These circulation, solids removal, and biological surface area (BSA) issues can be prevented by better understanding the role of [grow] media and by using a media based system where it’s easy to maintain aerobic conditions. We use ZipGrowTM Towers (with specially designed matrix media) for this purpose, and others do just fine using media beds. While ZipGrowTM Towers are really the only realistic media-based aquaponic technique for commercial growers, both towers and media beds illustrate the benefits of high rates of oxygen exchange and high biological surface area. The more BSA a grower can have in their aquaponic system, the better, and operating a high-BSA system is much easier in the long run. Having a very high ratio of BSA to nitrogen input results in great biofiltration, solids breakdown and mineralization. 8 Back to Top 6 GROWERS START WITH POOR QUALITY WATER Good Water is Key! As with all farming and gardening, water quality is key! Many growers embarking on journeys into aquaponics start with basic water (high pH), or water containing carbonates that prevent the pH of the system from dropping for quite some time. Because of this, growers have a hard time getting their system down into the pH range where most crops plants are most productive. Fundamentally, this is a water quality problem that can be corrected with an Reverse Osmosis filter. However, most growers never correct this issue because they think that pH ranges above 7.0 are perfectly fine for commercial systems. This is a common problem that is complicated by traditional aqua- ponic thinking and many aquaponic “experts” who, to this day, will claim that 7+ pH ranges are great for commercial systems. Let me correct this for you. The proper pH for a productive commercial system will typically be in the range of 6.0-6.4. Traditionally, aquaponic systems ran at much higher pH ranges, and this practice still perpetuates today. This is utter nonsense. The thinking behind this “rule” is that nitrification will slow or crash at lower pH values. This is blatantly false and based on a number of aquaculture studies that didn’t take the requisite time to lower pH slowly and by increments, allowing the nitrifying bacteria to adapt and the bacterial population ecology to change. Acid soils around the world have healthy populations of nitrifying bacteria that oper- ate in much lower pH ranges than this, with high efficiency.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Linda Sierra
    Jason D. Licamele, Ph.D. P.O. Box 25035 / Scottsdale, AZ 85255 [email protected] Agriculture & Biological Systems Engineer Keywords: biotechnology, agriculture, aquaculture, fisheries, plant production, natural products, bioenergy, bioprocessing, ecosystems, food science, greenhouse engineering, horticulture, hydroponics, fisheries, algae, environment, natural resources, water resources, bioprospecting, sustainability - Biological systems engineer, marine biologist, ecologist, environmental scientist, and biotechnologist with commercial operations and research experience leading, designing, developing, executing, and managing projects. - Innovative applied scientist and engineer with a multitude of skills, a patent portfolio, over 20 years of commercial experience in the aquaculture, agriculture, food, and bioenergy industries with a focus on environmental sustainability and resource management. - Experienced entrepreneur and consultant effectively developing global relationships with business, legal, non- governmental organizations, academic, and government organizations via strong communication, interpersonal skills, leadership qualities, and dedication to mission. - Skilled in project design, project management, experimental design, data management, and data translation with a unique ability to critically analyze and effectively communicate information to all levels of audiences. - Professional scientist and engineer with experience in business, production, research and development, intellectual property development, technology
    [Show full text]
  • Trends in Aquaponics
    Trends in Aquaponics Chris Hartleb University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point Northern Aquaculture Demonstration Facility Aquaponics Innovation Center Aquaponics • Integrated & soilless • Continuous year-round • Free of biocides production • Conservative use of water, space & • Meets socio-economic challenges labor – Urban, peri-urban, rural • Produces both vegetable & protein crop – Locavore movement Aquaponic Systems UVI Design Fish tanks Raft tank Water pump Clarifier (solids filter) Degassing tank Mineralization tanks & biofilter Air pump Plant Production Systems • Raft (Revised agriculture float technology) – Deep water culture • Large volume water • Root aeration • Nutrient uptake: High • Media based – Biofiltration in media – Clogging & cleaning present – Nutrient uptake: High • Nutrient film technique – Low volume water – Less system stability – Nutrient uptake: Low Modified Designs • Vertical farming – Living walls – Vertical • Robotics • Complete artificial light Who’s Growing using Aquaponics? Love, Fry, Li, Hill, Genello, Simmons & Thompson. 2015. Commercial aquaponics production and profitability: Findings from an international survey. Aquaculture 435:67-74. How Many is That? • Limited survey response • Most likely underestimated number and location Types of Aquaponics • Scalable: – Hobby and Home food production – Farmers market food production – Social & Community systems – Commercial food production – Education – Research Aquaculture North America January/February 2018 • Trends driving the seafood sector – Climate change impact
    [Show full text]
  • Review Article Suitable Substrate for Optimal Crop Growth Under
    Journal of Scientific Agriculture 2018,2: 62-65 doi: 10.25081/jsa.2018.v2.860 http://updatepublishing.com/journals/index.php/jsa ISSN: 2184-0261 R E VIEW A RTICLE SUITABLE SUBSTRATE FOR OPTIMAL CROP GROWTH UNDER PROTECTED FARMS–AN ASSESSMENT AMARESH SARKAR*, MRINMOY MAJUMDER Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala, PIN-799046, Tripura, India ABSTRACT An attempt has been made in this paper, to review crop growing substrates for protected farms. Optimal substrate type and volume for different crops cultivar is different. Substrate selection is a critical factor for optimal production of high-quality vegetables. Crop root orientation and depth determine the type and volume of substrate required which is very important for optimal crop growth and maximum profit. Growing crops on substrates in protected skyscrapers would not only mitigate the need for more land, it produces growing space vertically. Keywords: Substrate, Nutrient solution, Controlled environment agriculture INTRODUCTION structure can also be constructed on non-cultivable soil and urban roof-tops [21]. The amount of solar radiation, Food need is increasing globally as the inhabitants are which provides the energy to evaporate moisture from the increasing. Protected farming is a popular technique for substrate and the plant, is the major factor. Other growing vegetables all seasons regardless of location and important factors include air temperature, wind speed, and climate. The most innovative technology for plants humidity level [11]. The plant canopy size and shape growing in greenhouses is growing plants in mineral influences light absorption, reflection, and the rate at substrates such as rock wool, vermiculite, perlite, zeolite, which water evaporates from the soil.
    [Show full text]
  • LED Lighting Systems for Horticulture: Business Growth and Global Distribution
    sustainability Review LED Lighting Systems for Horticulture: Business Growth and Global Distribution Ivan Paucek 1, Elisa Appolloni 1, Giuseppina Pennisi 1,* , Stefania Quaini 2, Giorgio Gianquinto 1 and Francesco Orsini 1 1 DISTAL—Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Technologies, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy; [email protected] (I.P.); [email protected] (E.A.); [email protected] (G.G.); [email protected] (F.O.) 2 FEEM—Foundation Eni Enrico Mattei, 20123 Milano, Italy; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 4 August 2020; Accepted: 5 September 2020; Published: 11 September 2020 Abstract: In recent years, research on light emitting diodes (LEDs) has highlighted their great potential as a lighting system for plant growth, development and metabolism control. The suitability of LED devices for plant cultivation has turned the technology into a main component in controlled or closed plant-growing environments, experiencing an extremely fast development of horticulture LED metrics. In this context, the present study aims to provide an insight into the current global horticulture LED industry and the present features and potentialities for LEDs’ applications. An updated review of this industry has been integrated through a database compilation of 301 manufacturers and 1473 LED lighting systems for plant growth. The research identifies Europe (40%) and North America (29%) as the main regions for production. Additionally, the current LED luminaires’ lifespans show 10 and 30% losses of light output after 45,000 and 60,000 working hours on average, respectively, while the 1 vast majority of worldwide LED lighting systems present efficacy values ranging from 2 to 3 µmol J− (70%).
    [Show full text]
  • Vertical Farming Sustainability and Urban Implications
    Master thesis in Sustainable Development 2018/32 Examensarbete i Hållbar utveckling Vertical Farming Sustainability and Urban Implications Daniela Garcia-Caro Briceño DEPARTMENT OF EARTH SCIENCES INSTITUTIONEN FÖR GEOVETENSKAPER Master thesis in Sustainable Development 2018/32 Examensarbete i Hållbar utveckling Vertical Farming Sustainability and Urban Implications Daniela Garcia-Caro Briceño Supervisor: Cecilia Mark-Herbert Evaluator: Daniel Bergquist Copyright © Daniela Garcia-Caro Briceño, Published at Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University (www.geo.uu.se), Uppsala, 2018 Content 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 PROBLEM FORMULATION ............................................................................................................... 1 1.2 AIM ................................................................................................................................................. 2 1.3 OUTLINE ......................................................................................................................................... 3 2. METHODS ......................................................................................................................................... 4 2.1 RESEARCH APPROACH AND DESIGN ............................................................................................... 4 2.2 RESEARCH DELIMITATIONS ...........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Vertical Farm: a Review of Developments and Implications for the Vertical City
    buildings Review The Vertical Farm: A Review of Developments and Implications for the Vertical City Kheir Al-Kodmany Department of Urban Planning and Policy, College of Urban Planning and Public Affairs, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; [email protected] Received: 10 January 2018; Accepted: 1 February 2018; Published: 5 February 2018 Abstract: This paper discusses the emerging need for vertical farms by examining issues related to food security, urban population growth, farmland shortages, “food miles”, and associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Urban planners and agricultural leaders have argued that cities will need to produce food internally to respond to demand by increasing population and to avoid paralyzing congestion, harmful pollution, and unaffordable food prices. The paper examines urban agriculture as a solution to these problems by merging food production and consumption in one place, with the vertical farm being suitable for urban areas where available land is limited and expensive. Luckily, recent advances in greenhouse technologies such as hydroponics, aeroponics, and aquaponics have provided a promising future to the vertical farm concept. These high-tech systems represent a paradigm shift in farming and food production and offer suitable and efficient methods for city farming by minimizing maintenance and maximizing yield. Upon reviewing these technologies and examining project prototypes, we find that these efforts may plant the seeds for the realization of the vertical farm. The paper, however, closes by speculating about the consequences, advantages, and disadvantages of the vertical farm’s implementation. Economic feasibility, codes, regulations, and a lack of expertise remain major obstacles in the path to implementing the vertical farm.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydroponic Vertical Farming — Helping Feed Our Growing Population
    Chapter 3: Hydroponic Vertical Farming — Helping Feed Our Growing Population Hydroponic Vertical Farming: Helping Feed Our Growing Population Brief Description: • Barbed valves By 2050, it's estimated that 80 percent of the world's 9.2 billion • Plastic lex net cups population will live in urban areas. In this lesson students will • Seeds or seedlings gain an understanding of what a seed needs in order to grow • Hydroponic fertilizer into a healthy plant, and what a vertical farm is by comparing • Optional: grow lights, pH test kit, thermometer and contrasting this method of food production with conven- tional farming methods. Students will design their own rubric; Background: research best practices; create blueprints; and modify and build he impact that humans have had on Earth include deforesta- a working model of an indoor vertical hydroponic farm through tion, urbanization, desertiication, erosion, poor air and water collaborative eforts using recycled materials. his closed system quality, and changing the low of water. hrough innovative 3: Chapter should last six or more months, which allows students time for techniques such as hydroponic vertical gardening, we can miti- relection, entertainment and a healthy snack. gate some of the efects of urban sprawl. Objective: Hydroponics is a method of growing edible crops in soilless, Lessons Garden Up Your STEMming Students will: nutrient-rich water. Advantages of hydroponic gardening 1. Understand what a seed needs to grow into a healthy include: reduction in runof; less water usage; crops can be plant. grown indoors year-round; plants require less space, and can 2. Know what a vertical farm is and compare and contrast have higher yields.
    [Show full text]
  • Vertical Farming
    Module 1 HISTORY AND TRENDS • Unit 1 PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE VERTICAL FARMING 1 Choose the correct words for the following text. Vertical farming is a revolutionary and more (1) ................................................. method of agriculture, particularly if you need to produce food in environments (2) ................................................. arable land is unavailable or rare. In short, it is the practice of producing food in vertically stacked layers, commonly integrated into other structures like a skyscraper, shipping container or repurposed warehouse. (3) ................................................. main goals are: • to produce more foods per square meter • to perfectly combine natural and artificial lights • to spare soil by replacing it with (4) ................................................. growing mediums (aeroponic, aquaponic or hydroponic mediums) • to guarantee a (5) ................................................. footprint: as less land is used, existing horizontal farmland can be returned to its natural ecosystem • to spare energy resources and water (70-95 % (6) ................................................. than required for normal cultivation). Additional advantages of this farming innovation are: • it provides a greater certainty of harvest output throughout the year, not being affected by ACTIVITIES unfavourable weather conditions • it allows an increased production of organic crops, thanks to a well-controlled indoor environment • it is human and environmentally friendly: farmers are
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainability Certification for Indoor Urban and Vertical Farms a Sustainable Approach to Addressing Growth in Vertical Farming
    SUSTAINABILITY CERTIFICATION FOR INDOOR URBAN AND VERTICAL FARMS A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH TO ADDRESSING GROWTH IN VERTICAL FARMING CLIENT Association for Vertical Farming TEAM Jasim Almeer, Tracy Baldwin, Michelle Bostwick, Maya Ezzeddine, Glen Halperin, Anna Harutyunyan, Adam Levinson, Katharine Macdonald, Kiley Miller, Shawn Peterson, Derrick Sullivan, Donata Tavoraite, Katherine Vera and Mingjie Yuan ADVISOR Susanne DesRoches Association for Vertical Farming | Columbia University SPS | Earth Institute Association for Vertical Farming | Columbia University SPS | Earth Institute 1 The report was developed by students of the Masters of Science in Sustainability Management Fall 2015 Capstone Workshop at the Columbia University School for Professional Studies in association with the Earth Institute. It was made possible by contributions from Jasim Almeer, Tracy Baldwin, Michelle Bostwick, Maya Ezzeddine, Glen Halperin, Anna Harutyunyan, Adam Levinson, Katharine Macdonald, Kiley Miller, Shawn Peterson, Derrick Sullivan, Donata Tavoraite, Katherine Vera and Mingjie Yuan, and with guidance from Susanne DesRoches. Association for Vertical Farming | Columbia University SPS | Earth Institute 2 CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 INTRODUCTION: THE NEED FOR URBAN AND VERTICAL FARMING 10 Challenges to Traditional Agriculture & Food Supply 10 Benefits of Urban and Vertical Farming 11 Urban and Vertical Farming Challenges 12 The Need for Standards and Sustainability Certification 13 Client Background and Objectives 14 New York City and Urban and Vertical Farming
    [Show full text]
  • From out of the Blue, Green Farming
    From Out of the Blue, Green Farming May 2013 About Recirculating Farms Coalition About Us The Recirculating Farms Coalition is a nationally focused, non-profit collaborative group of farmers, educators, organizations and many others committed to building local sources of healthy, accessible food. Our Mission Through research, education and advocacy, we work together to support the development of eco-efficient farms that use clean recycled water without soil as the basis to grow food. We believe these recirculating farms can create stable green jobs and supply sustainably-grown food – fruits, vegetables, herbs and humanely-raised seafood – in diverse communities nationwide, and someday, worldwide. Our Challenge Today one of every six people in the U.S. is struggling to buy food. As consumers become savvier, so have their requests increased for clean, safe, local food produced in an eco-friendly way. The U.S. government, in response to the public’s growing complaints about our troubled food system, continues to explore various ways to boost domestic food production. Unfortunately, most of the proffered solutions encourage further industrialization and poor quality food. Our challenge is to promote an alternative to this model, one that establishes healthy, sustainable, and local ways to provide food in every community. Our Vision We envision a movement toward community-based food production. This can provide safer, better quality food and domestic green job opportunities. A different way of growing, “recirculating farming,” is emerging nationwide and can meet these goals. Our vision is for communities across the country to build recirculating farms as a source of local, healthy fresh food and stable jobs in a green business, and eventually to expand these same benefits globally.
    [Show full text]
  • Life Cycle Assessment on Vertical Farming
    Eero Hallikainen Life Cycle Assessment on Vertical Farming Thesis is submitted in a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Technology Helsinki 23.12.2018 Supervisor: Assistant professor Matti Kummu Advisor: Associate professor Hanna Tuomisto Aalto-yliopisto, PL 11000, 00076 AALTO www.aalto.fi Diplomityön tiivistelmä Tekijä Eero Hallikainen Työn nimi Elinkaariarvionti kerrosviljelylle Maisteriohjelma Vesi- ja ympäristötekniikka Koodi ENG29 Työn valvoja TkT Matti Kummu Työn ohjaaja FT Hanna Tuomisto Päivämäärä 23.12.2018 Sivumäärä 39+1 Kieli Englanti Tiivistelmä Väestönkasvu, ilmastonmuutoksen vaikutukset sekä kehittyvissä maissa tapahtuva ruokavalion muutos kohti lisääntyvää lihan, hedelmien ja vihannesten kulutusta aiheuttavat merkittävää painetta nykyiselle ruoantuotantoteknologialle. Kasvavan väestön ruokkiminen ennustettavan ruokavalion mukaisesti edellyttää nykyisten ruoantuotantomenetelmien maankäytön tehostamista sekä uusia resurssitehokkaita ruoantuotantoteknologioita. Kerrosviljely edustaa modernia tuotantomenetelmää, jossa perinteisiin kasvatusmenetelmiin verrattuna erittäin korkea maankäytön tehokkuus mahdollistaa kasvatuksen tuomisen lähelle ihmistä. Urbaanista ruoantuotannosta onkin puhuttu 2000-luvun megatrendinä. Tämä tutkimus käsittelee kerrosviljelyä resurssitehokkuuden ja ympäristövaikutusten näkökulmasta. Tutkimukset osoittavat, että suljettuna systeeminä kerrosviljelmä kuluttaa tavanomaista viljeljelytekniikkaa vähemmän vettä, hiilidioksidia ja lannoitteita. Toisaalta fotosynteesin
    [Show full text]
  • Precision Agriculture and Vertical Farming in the Corporate Food Regime
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 5-2018 Capital Growth: Precision Agriculture and Vertical Farming in the Corporate Food Regime Justin Taylor The Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/2677 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] CAPITAL GROWTH: PRECISION AGRICULTURE AND VERTICAL FARMING IN THE CORPORATE FOOD REGIME by JUSTIN TAYLOR A master’s thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Liberal Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, The City University of New York 2018 © 2018 JUSTIN TAYLOR All Rights Reserved ii Capital Growth: Precision Agriculture and Vertical Farming in the Corporate Food Regime by Justin Taylor This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Liberal Studies in satisfaction of the thesis requirement for the degree of Master of Arts. Date Karen Miller Thesis Advisor Date Elizabeth Macaulay-Lewis Executive Officer THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii ABSTRACT Capital Growth: Precision Agriculture and Vertical Farming in the Corporate Food Regime by Justin Taylor Advisor: Karen Miller Agriculture in the 21st century has entered a digital age. New technologies emphasize GPS, big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things, automation, sensors, and robotics, contributing to two modes of modern food production known as precision agriculture and vertical farming.
    [Show full text]