Leadership Lessons from the Life of Rasoolullah
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Twelve Years Old, While Some Say He Was Eighteen Years Old
SANKORE' Institute of Islamic - African Studies International www.siiasi.org ! " ! Kitaab ‘l-Jihaad (The Book of Military Struggle) 1 1 The etymological root of the word ‘jihaad ’ (military struggle) is from the expression ‘exertion’ ( jahd) which means hardship ( mashaqqa ) and energetic capability ( taaqa ). According to the shari`a it means waging combat and fighting against enemies, which comprises the exertion and emission of utmost capacity in war, or words, or what is connected to it. The one who struggles ( jaahid ) against the enemy, is a mujaahid and jihaad is his actual combat; thus he is the one who struggles in the Way of Allah. Allah ta`ala says: “ …if indeed you go out in jihaad in My Way seeking My pleasure .” Allah ta`ala says: “Say: if your fathers, sons, brothers, wives, relatives, the wealth you have acquired, the merchandise for which you fear loss, and dwellings you desire are more dearer to you than Allah, His Messenger and jihaad in His Way ”; that is in giving victory to the religion of Allah and adhering to His pleasure. This is evidence of the merits of jihaad , and it taking preference over all the things which bring comfort to the soul and its attachments to family and wealth. In the two above cited Qur’anic verses is clear proof against the collaborators in these times who falsely claim that the expression ‘ jihaad ’ is not utilized in the Qur’an in the context of combat and military. Realize, that this claim is a lie from the lower soul, and is taking reliance upon false interpretation ( ta'wil baatil ). -
Assignment 3. Report
Data Science for Design (DESI11100). Group: Wanying Zhang (s1754403) Hanyu Liu (s1775923) Ilyas Zholdasbayev (s1792122) Assignment 3. Report Marriages in Muhammad's tribe Introduction A database for given project was provided by Dr. Majied Robinson with the title "Marriages in Muhammad's tribe". The database was represented in multiple tables, such as "Marriage Database", which is the main dataset with all the data and multiple sub-databases for every tribe and clan represented there (e.g. "Qurayshi marriages by clan"). The information of marriages in pre-Islamic and early Islamic period were classified by tribes or clans (subtribes). Aside from basic information such as names of men and women, tribes(subtribes) of both of them, number of children they had, generations of men and women were also indicated (Figure 1). Figure 1. "Marriages in Muhammad's tribe" excel table th By the information provided from dataholder the 5 generation is the generation of Muhammad, th th which means generations before 5 belong to pre-Islamic period while those after 5 belong to early Islamic period. The main interest of dataholder was the question how marriage traditions could affect politics at that time or how otherwise political and social factors probably had an impact on marriage traditions and behaviour. Context Basically, we did not intend to explore every detail of every clan in Quraysh tribe that is presented in our database, but to mainly focus on the major and the most powerful and influential clans which were the rulers of first arabic kingdoms (caliphates): Umayyads and Hashemite. The reason why we chose them is the fact that a lot of historical sources argue that they were so called sworn enemies. -
The Life of Muhammad the Greatest Liberator the Holiest Prophet
The Life of Muhammad The Greatest Liberator The Holiest Prophet Author : Allama Baqir Shareef al‐Qurashi The Publisher’s preface Introduction Mecca the honored town Great personalities and glories Fatherhood, motherhood, and a shine His characteristics In the cave of Hara’ Publicity of the mission The Ascension: spiritual or bodily? The Prophet’s emigration to Yathrib Al‐Muqawqas with a delegation from Thaqif Examples from the Prophet’s supplications Educational recommendations The Prophet’s recommendation to Abu Tharr Preachments and advices From the Prophet’s sermons Presented by http://www.alhassanain.com & http://www.islamicblessings.com Wonderful maxims and teachings Short maxims The battle of Badr The battle of Uhud The event of al‐Khandaq (trench) Bani Quraydhah and the conquest of Khaybar Expeditions The battalions The signs of the departure The immortal disaster The Publisher’s preface Reviewing the history of the past teaches man how to live, how to die, and how to be immortal. The studying of the lives of the great people in History especially religious personalities at the head of whom and at the top of the pyramid are the prophets, the righteous saints, and the guided and guiding infallible imams, takes humanity to the best of The linked image cannot be displayed. The file may have been moved, renamed, or deleted. Verify that the link points to the correct file and location. fruits and greatest of results; worldly and afterworldly. Besides, that scientific and practical experiments and the studying of biographies have proved that those who followed this way got to their destination sooner and obtained the happiness of the Two Abodes; this life and the afterlife. -
Human Ignorance Jahiliyyah
Human Ignorance ( Jahiliyyah ): Past & Present Ayaz Khan ∗ Abstract The main theme of this article is that the man of today is as ignorant and arrogant as the Makkan Merchants were at the time of Revelation of the Holy Qur’an and the living Sunnah of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). By implication it is contended that Islam is as relevant to our predicament as it was relevant to the Makkan non-believers. So if we dream about the resurgence of Islam, we are obliged to return to the Qur’an and the Sunnah of the Prophet (PBUH) and transcend all sectarian divisions. In our view that is the only way that can guarantee the salvation of Muslims from a long lingering disgrace and humiliation. In fact our contention is that Islam can save the entire mankind from a collective suicide. Keywords: Jahilliyah, Islam, Socio-moral order, Justice, New World Order. When the belief in the Unity of God is divorced from human heart, the mind and soul naturally gets “darkened”. The ultimate ramifications of disbelief (in the Unity of God) emerge in the shape of entire change of life standards and approaches, leading the man to judge things and the world around from false paradigm. As a result, man falls far away from the right path and the eternal chastisement in the hell becomes his destiny. This moral, spiritual, social and even economic turpitude of a community is defined in the Qur’an as Jahilliyah or Ignorance. 1 In brief, Jahilliyah signifies that a man (or a community) has become oblivious of God and has turned its back to the Sunnah of His Prophet(s). -
Journal of Religion & Society
Journal of Religion & Society Volume 9 (2007) The Kripke Center ISSN 1522-5658 Muhammad’s Jewish Wives Rayhana bint Zayd and Safiya bint Huyayy in the Classic Islamic Tradition Ronen Yitzhak, Western Galilee College, Israel Abstract During his life, the Prophet Muhammad (570-632) married 12 different wives among whom were two Jewish women: Rayhana bint Zayd and Safiya bint Huyayy. These two women were widows whose husbands had been killed in wars with Muslims in Arabia. While Rayhana refused to convert to Islam at first and did so only after massive pressure, Safiya converted to Islam immediately after being asked. Rayhana died a few years before Muhammad, but Safiya lived on after his death. Classic Islamic sources claim that the Muslims did not like Rayhana because of her beauty and so made an issue of her Jewish origin, with Muhammad being the only one to treat her well. After Muhammad’s death, Safiya lived among his other wives in Mecca, but did not take part in the political intrigues at the beginning of Islam, in contrast to the other wives, especially the most dominant and favorite wife, Aisha. Introduction [1] According to Islamic tradition, the Prophet Muhammad married 12 different wives and had even more concubines. The custom of taking concubines was widespread in ancient times and therefore also was practiced in Arabia. Concubines were often taken in the context of war booty, and it seems that this is the reason for including in the Qur’an: “(you are forbidden) the married women, but not the concubines you, own” (Q 4:24; al-Qurtubi: 5.106). -
Ancient History of Arabian Peninsula and Semitic Arab Tribes
Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal – Vol.7, No.5 Publication Date: May 25, 2020 D OI:10.14738/assrj.75.8252. Shamsuddin, S. M., & Ahmad, S. S. B. (2020). Ancient History of Arabian Peninsula and Semitic Arab Tribes. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 7(5) 270-282. Ancient History of Arabian Peninsula and Semitic Arab Tribes Salahuddin Mohd. Shamsuddin Faculty of Arabic Language, Sultan Sharif Ali Islamic University, Brunei Darussalam Siti Sara Binti Hj. Ahmad Dean: Faculty of Arabic Language, Sultan Sharif Ali Islamic University, Brunei Darussalam ABSTRACT In this article we introduced first the ancient history of Arabian Peninsula, and pre-Islamic era and then we focused a spot light on the people of Arabian Peninsula, highlighting the four waves of migration of Semitic Arabs from the southern to northern Arabian Peninsula, then we mentioned the situation of Northern Arabs and their tribal fanaticism, then we differentiated between Qahtaniyya and Adnaniyya Arab tribes including their three Classes: Destroyed Arab, Original Arab and Arabized Arab. We also explained the tribal system in the pre-Islamic era, indicating the status of four pillars of the tribal system: 1. Integration and alliance among the tribes 2. Tribal Senate or Parliament 3. Tribes and sovereignty over the tribes 4. Members of the tribes and their duties towards their tribal society In the end we described the master of Arab tribe who was the brightest person had a long experience and often had inherited his sovereignty from his fathers to achieve a high status, but it does not mean that he had a broad sovereignty, as his sovereignty was symbolic. -
The Impact of the Arab Conquest on Late Roman Settlementin Egypt
Pýý.ý577 THE IMPACT OF THE ARAB CONQUEST ON LATE ROMAN SETTLEMENTIN EGYPT VOLUME I: TEXT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY CAMBRIDGE This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Cambridge, March 2002 ALISON GASCOIGNE DARWIN COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE For my parents with love and thanks Abstract The Impact of the Arab Conquest on Late Roman Settlement in Egypt Alison Gascoigne, Darwin College The Arab conquest of Egypt in 642 AD affected the development of Egyptian towns in various ways. The actual military struggle, the subsequent settling of Arab tribes and changes in administration are discussed in chapter 1, with reference to specific sites and using local archaeological sequences. Chapter 2 assesseswhether our understanding of the archaeological record of the seventh century is detailed enough to allow the accurate dating of settlement changes. The site of Zawyet al-Sultan in Middle Egypt was apparently abandoned and partly burned around the time of the Arab conquest. Analysis of surface remains at this site confirmed the difficulty of accurately dating this event on the basis of current information. Chapters3 and 4 analysethe effect of two mechanismsof Arab colonisation on Egyptian towns. First, an investigation of the occupationby soldiers of threatened frontier towns (ribats) is based on the site of Tinnis. Examination of the archaeological remains indicates a significant expansion of Tinnis in the eighth and ninth centuries, which is confirmed by references in the historical sources to building programmes funded by the central government. Second, the practice of murtaba ` al- jund, the seasonal exploitation of the town and its hinterland for the grazing of animals by specific tribal groups is examined with reference to Kharibta in the western Delta. -
Religious Conflict in Early Islam: a Study of Its Causes from Qur'an Sunnah
QURANICA, International Journal of Quranic © 2014 Centre of Quranic Research (CQR), Research, Vol. 6, Issue.2, December 2014, Pp. 1-18 University of Malaya, Malaysia RELIGIOUS CONFLICT IN EARLY ISLAM: A STUDY OF ITS CAUSES FROM QUR’AN SUNNAH PERSPECTIVE)*( 1 2 S. M. Yunus Gilani & Tazul Islam ABSTRACT This paper aims to present an historical survey on the conflict between Islam and other religions. It undertakes an analytic textual reading of the concerned Quranic verses and a historical survey of the Prophet’s (pbuh) efforts to resolution of the conflict. This study finds that a multi-dimensional causes contributed to the conflict between the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) and other religions. For example, Religious roots which was mainly caused by the Christians and Jews’ denial of prophecy of Muhammad (pbuh) after a clear prediction of his prophethood in their religious scriptures. However, politico-economy was another key element of this conflict in the early Islamic state in Madinah. Though this conflict had come to broad daylight in the Islamic era, had a long pre-Islamic root go back to the second and third century CE. Moreover, Jews and Christians had a genuine fear of being defeated by the new emerging Muslim power. Therefore, they had found themselves in conflict so that they could reign their hegemony over the territory. In addition, after a city state was established in Madinah, the Prophet (pbuh) found a demographic presence of Jews and their ally Quraish threatening it peace, security, stability and even assassination of head of the state. Hence, the conflict had become inevitable. -
Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam
Institute ofAsian and African Studies at the Hebrew University The Max Schloessinger Memorial Foundation offprint from JERUSALEM STUDIES IN ARABIC AND ISLAM 8 1986 FROM JAHIUYYA TO ISLAM I Part II THE MAGNES PRESSOTHE HEBREW UNIVERSITY-JERUSALEM J5AI 8. 1986 THE KAcBA Aspects of its ritual functions and position in pre-Islamic and early Islamic times Uri Rubin The history of the Ka-ba in pre-Islamic times, as recorded in the Arab sources, is, in many cases, related from a specific Islamic viewpoint, and formulated in a special Islamic terminology, which has, sometimes, un- dergone a process of adaptation and re-adaptation. But, in spite of these disadvantages of the Muslim records, which have already been noticed by western scholars, lone may still come across many passages which seem to reflect the authentic pre-Islamic reality of the Ka-ba. Even pas- sages containing details which appear to be contradictory, or, inconsis- tent, or even legendary, are, more often than not, most revealing with respect to the history of the Ka-ba, The present study is based upon the assumption that much of the inconsistency in the information about the Ka-ba, as recorded in our sources, is essentially the result of real changes and developments which took place in the structure, ritual functions and position of the Ka'ba in pre-Islamic times, and in the attitude of the worshippers towards this sanctuary since it became part of Muslim worship. Some of these changes and developments are studied in the present article, the outline of which is as follows: 1. -
Transitional Justice Under Shari'ah
Transitional Justice under Shari’ah Fahimeh Manjili Following the Arab Spring, the governments of Egypt and Tunisia implemented various transitional justice mechanisms, such as truth commissions, reparation programs and prosecutions, which sought to redress the mass human rights violations committed during the uprising. Islam is the predominant religion in both nations, with over seventy million followers in Egypt and close to ten million in Tunisia.1 Despite a plethora of research and guidance on transitional justice and post conflict reconstruction, scholars have largely ignored the issue in the context of Shari’ah. Understanding that Islam plays a pivotal role in law and politics in the Middle East, this paper will establish an Islamic legal basis for transitional justice by discussing prosecution, reparations and reconciliation measures under Shari’ah. This paper will place greater emphasis on the above measures because, “[t]he Prophet (peace-be-upon-him) said: If a relative of anyone is killed, or if he suffers khabl, which means a wound, he may choose one of three things: he may retaliate, or forgive, or receive compensation. But if he wishes a fourth, hold his hands.”2 In doing so, this paper will address the following issues: (1) What might the goals and objectives of an Islamic transitional justice institution? (2) What are the similarities and differences between the goals and objectives of an Islamic transitional justice institution and classical approaches to transitional justice? (3) What are the means and mechanisms, prescribed by Islam, through which states can achieve these objectives? 1 Top 50 Muslim Countries, RELIGION FACTS, http://www.religionfacts.com/islam/places/top_50.htm. -
AR-RAHEEQ AL-Mahtni3m (THE SEALED NECTAR)
First Prize Winner Book AR-RAHEEQ AL-MAHtni3M (THE SEALED NECTAR) Biography of the Noble Prophets This Book was awarded First Prize by the Muslim World League at world-wide competition on the biography of the Prophet i| held at Makkah Al-Mukarramah in 1399 H / 1979 ~ ig. ti\jit ..<»•< Safi-ur-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri Islamic University Al-Madina Al-Munawwara Maktaba Dar-us-Salam Publishers and Distributors Saudi Arabia . UK . USA . Pakistan AR-RAHEEQ AL-MAKHTUM « © Dar-us-Salam Publications, 1996/-*1416 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED " V- -- .-'-"oj- No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission of the publisher. First Edition J_,Vl 3 y.Ull Supervised by: ABDUL MALIK MUJAHID Published by: .* Dar-us-Salam Publications j t \ \ £t y Jjb P.O. Box 22743,' Riyadh 11416 mu <>Ljll - YYVir .^ um Tel: 4033962 Fax: 4021659 f.ruM J*£li i.miY la Kingdom of Saudi Arabia a—jjj « J 4_hj->JI 2 < t . - Branches in other Countries: Dar-us-Salam Publications Dar-us-Salam Publications P.O. Box: 737651, Corona 10107, Westview 308 Elmhurst Queen Houston,Tx 77043, USA NY1 1373, USA Tel: (713) 935-9206 Tel: (718) 699-5366 Fax:(713)722-0431 Dar-us-Salam Publications Dar-us-Salam Publications 50, Lower Mall Road Rahman Market Near M.A.O. College Ghazni Street, Urdu Bazar Lahore, Pakistan Lahore, Pakistan. Tel & Fax: (042) 7354072 Tel: (042) 7120054 PUBLISHER'S NOTE Heart of every Muslim is filled with the love of the last Prophet Muhammad is for him. -
Jinan Yousef Virtualmosque.Com NAMES of ALLAH SERIES
Names of Allah Series Jinan Yousef virtualmosque.com NAMES OF ALLAH SERIES Seeking The Guide llah subhanahu wa ta`la (exalted is He) has given Himself ANames and attributes (siffat) so that we can know Him. What is most amazing and beautiful about Allah’s Names is that through them, you can see how your Creator recognizes the needs of His creation. We all need sustenance; and He is al-Razzaaq, The Provider. We all need love; and He is al-Wadud, The Most Loving. We all need protection; and Allah is al-Hafidh, The Guardian. What we need the most is the very thing of which Allah (swt) has an unlimited supply. And so sometimes we are put through things to know Allah (swt). Sometimes it is to open your eyes to your own flaws so that you can change. But whatever it is, if you realize that the answer to any problem is through Him, and that He suffices all your needs, then your relief is already at hand. Recently, I found myself to be very lost. And this was alarming because I used to be a person who had direction. I thought I knew where I was going and what I was doing. But things started to fall r s r s 2 3 NAMES OF ALLAH SERIES SEEKING THE GUIDE apart, internally. I wasn’t sure anymore. And then I realized I had above any analogy, but as Allah (swt) gave Himself the attribute of three choices – to continue to do what I was doing without put- guidance, telling you that He is THE Guide and He is THE Light of ting in any extra thought, to give up entirely, or to re-assess and the heavens and the earth, then how can you be lost for too long? re-orient.