Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala

PRE-FEASIBILITY REPORT

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Ltd. (KEIL) is a public limited company formed as Special Purpose Vehicle and promoted by the Kerala State Industrial Development Corporation (KSIDC) in association with various industries in the State for establishing Common Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility (CTSDF) for solid hazardous industrial waste in the State of Kerala. M/s UPL Ltd. was appointed as Developer of this project and they hold 53.5% equity in KEIL. A Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facility (CBWTF) is now proposed to be set up by KEIL where bio-medical waste, generated from a number of healthcare units, will be suitably treated to reduce adverse effects that this waste may pose. The Bio-medical Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, provides an option to the Bio-medical waste generators to get the biomedical waste treated and disposed at the CBWTF.

Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited proposes to setup a Common Bio-medical Treatment Facility at Ambalamedu, within FACT CD Campus.

The objective is to:  Establish an Integrated Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment facility including the Incinerator, autoclave, shredder and effluent treatment unit.  Collection of Segregated Biomedical waste and its transportation, storage, treatment and disposal in accordance to the Bio medical Waste Management and Handling Rules 1998 as amended thereof.  Compliances with statutory and environmental norms.  Develop concise waste management principles.  Introduce a continuing waste management education program for all staff to increase awareness of Occupational Health & Safety issues and waste minimization principles.  Adopt policies and procedures to minimize the environmental impacts of waste treatment and disposal.  Reporting to regulatory authorities as needed SI. Parameters Description No 1 Identification of Project falls under Category “A” Projects of project activity 7 (d) as per EIA Notification dated 14th September, 2006 and its subsequent amendments dated 1st December 2009 and 4th April, 2011, under Common hazardous waste treatment,

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 1 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala

SI. Parameters Description No storage and disposal facilities (TSDFs).

2 Project Proponent M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited.

3 Brief description Biomedical waste is generated from all health care of nature of the institutions; nursing homes, clinics, dispensaries, project veterinary institutions, animal houses, pathological laboratories, blood banks etc. The responsibility of collection, treatment and safe disposal of all types of solid wastes rests with the generator. A Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facility (CBWTF) is a set up where bio-medical waste, generated from a number of healthcare units, is suitably treated as per the prescribed procedure & norms laid down in the regulation. Proposed project of setting up of the Common Bio- medical Waste Treatment Facility includes Incinerator, Autoclave, Shredder and Effluent Treatment Plant. The present proposal is to utilize 2.5 acres land a part of TSDF site for setting up of Biomedical Waste Treatment Facility. The extent of land earmarked for the CBWTF will be keep apart from the remaining land of TSDF. 4 Salient Features of the Project

4.1 Proposed plant Proposed Capacity of CBWTF : capacity Equipment Capacity Number Incinerator 250-300 kg /hr 2 Autoclave 250 ltrs 2 Shredder 350 kg / hr 1 Effluent 50 m3 / day 1 Treatment Plant 4.2 Total Plot Area 2.5 Acres for this proposed activity 4.3 Location Site boundary coordinates are as follow: SL.NO Latitude Longitude 1 9°58'57.55"N 76°21'46.52"E 2 9°58'55.58"N 76°21'43.35"E 3 9°58'56.72"N 76°21'42.01"E 4 9°59'0.42"N 76°21'43.48"E

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 2 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala

SI. Parameters Description No The site and study area falls in the survey of , Topo Sheet No. – C43K08 and C43Q05

4.4 Water Water requirement: -During construction phase requirement approximately 20 KLD and 50KLD during operation of CBWTF. 4.5 Source of water Supply water from FACT CD, Ambalamedu, 4.6 Wastewater Waste water generated from the treatment of Biomedical wastes during autoclaving, washing of floors, etc. shall be treated in effluent treatment plant. 4.7 Man Power During Construction phase, the labors and workers will be hired from nearby villages Construction phase: 50 workmen Operation phase: 50 workmen 4.8 Electricity/ Power demand Construction phase: 100kW Power Power demand Operation phase: 200kW requirement Supply source –Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB) In case of power failure D.G. Set can be used (250 KVA capacity). 4.9 Alternative site The proposed project is new project. 4.10 Land form, Land The project is proposed to be located in the use and land Industrial area of Kerala. ownership Kerala State Pollution Control Board has given NOC for setting up a CBWTF in the 50 acres of land allotted for TSDF. Land is owned by Govt. of Kerala and has been leased to KEIL for 50 years. 5.0 Conclusion The estimated cost of the Project is about Rs. 4.9 crores Setting up of CBWTF by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, shall be an important endeavor to mitigate the degradation of environment in the region.

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 3 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala

2.0 INTRODUCTION OF THE PROJECT/ BACKGROUND INFORMATION

Kerala is a state considered to be having a developed modern society. The consumption of more resources results in the generation of more waste. All types of waste including solid, hazardous and biomedical waste generation in the state are more compared to other states in the country. There is a series of actions initiated at National and State level to abate the problems arisen due to the wastes, particularly the pollution problem. Biomedical waste is generated from all health care institutions, nursing homes, clinics, dispensaries, veterinary institutions, animal houses, pathological laboratories, blood banks etc. The responsibility of collection, treatment and safe disposal of all types of solid waste rests with the generator. The number of Health Care Facilities in the State is highest among all the States. Its number and sophistication is also changing. Moreover, there is a trend that more and more foreigners are making use of the Health Care Facilities in the State. This will in turn increase the quantity of Bio medical waste generation and so requires enhancement in waste management facilities, apart from planning to meet the future requirements. At present the total number of beds in the state is about 1,10,000 and the biomedical waste generation is about 300- 400 gm per bed per day. With the modernization & improvement in the health care establishments use of disposals shall increase, it is estimated that the biomedical waste generation will be more that 500 gm per bed per day. It is roughly estimated that about 1.3 to 2.0 kg/bed/day of solid wastes are generated from health care institutions of which 15 to 20% are infectious biomedical waste. The total number of beds in Government and Private institutions are about 40,000 and 60,000 respectively.

Indian Medical Association has established one Bio-Medical Treatment Facility at Palakkad. This facility is unable to take care of entire biomedical waste generated at hospitals and health care institutions spread across the length and breadth of the state. There is a need to establish at least two more biomedical treatment facilities, one in the central part and other in the southern part of the State.

The present proposal is to utilize 2.5 acres of land for setting up of Biomedical Waste Treatment Facility at TSDF site. The extent of land earmarked for the CBWTF will be keep apart from the remaining land of TSDF.

A Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facility (CBWTF) is a set up where bio-medical waste, generated from a number of healthcare units, is suitably

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 4 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala treated to reduce adverse effects that this waste may pose. The treated waste may finally be sent for disposal in a landfill or for recycling purposes.

2.1 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT AND PROJECT PROPONENT

Identification of Project

The Proposed project of addition of CBWTF as a part of the Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage and Disposal facilities (TSDFs) of falls under Category A, schedule 7(d) as per the EIA notification 14th Sep, 2006 and subsequent amendments dated 1st December, 2009 & 4th April, 2011. The setting up of CBWTF attracts the recent directions of National Green Tribunal dated 28th November, 2013 making Environmental Clearance from MoEF mandatory.

Project proponent

Dr. N.K Pillai, Chief Executive Officer, Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Ltd (KEIL). Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Ltd. (KEIL) is a public limited company formed as Special Purpose Vehicle, and promoted by Kerala State Industrial Development Corporation (KSIDC) in association with various industries in the State for establishing Common Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility (CTSDF) for solid hazardous industrial waste in the State of Kerala. M/s United Phosphorus Ltd. (UPL) was appointed as Developer of this project and they hold 53.5% equity in KEIL.

2.2 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF NATURE OF THE PROJECT

A Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facility (CBWTF) is a set up where bio-medical waste, generated from a number of healthcare units, is suitably treated to reduce adverse effects that this waste may pose. The treated waste may finally be sent for disposal in a landfill or for recycling purposes. Proposed project of setting up of the Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facility includes Incinerator, Autoclave, Shredder, Storage and Effluent Treatment Facility.

2.3 NEED FOR THE PROJECT AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY

AND OR REGION

Ministry of Environment & Forests (MOEF), Govt. of India has notified the Bio- Medical Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1998. In accordance to the rule, every occupier of a health care establishment (HCE) shall either set up

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 5 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala requisite bio-medical waste treatment facilities on site or ensure requisite treatment of the bio-medical waste at an approved Common Biomedical Waste Treatment Facility. No untreated bio-medical waste shall be kept stored beyond a period of 48 hours.

2.4 DEMAND –SUPPLY GAP

There is only one Bio-Medical treatment plant is available in the State at Palakkad which was established by the Indian Medical Association. This facility is unable to take care of the full quantity of biomedical waste generated from Hospitals and Health Care Institutions spread across the length and breadth of the State. There is a need to establish at least two more Biomedical Treatment Facilities, one in the Central and other in the Southern part of the State.

2.5 EMPLOYMENT GENERATION (DIRECT AND INDIRECT) DUE TO THE PROJECT

During Construction phase the labours and workers will be hired from nearby villages. Number of persons required is given here under:

Construction phase: 50 workmen Operation phase: 50 workmen

3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 3.1 Type of Project

A Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facility (CBWTF) is required for the treatment of the biomedical waste generated from a number of healthcare units to reduce adverse effects that this waste may pose.

Proposed project of setting up of the Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facility includes Incinerator, Autoclave, Shredder, Storage and Effluent Treatment Plant.

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 6 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala

3.2 Location

FIG-1:LOCATION OF THE PROJECT SITE The pillar co-ordinates of the site are mentioned hereunder:

SL.NO Latitude Longitude 1 9°58'57.55"N 76°21'46.52"E 2 9°58'55.58"N 76°21'43.35"E 3 9°58'56.72"N 76°21'42.01"E 4 9°59'0.42"N 76°21'43.48"E

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 7 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala

FIG 2: TOPO MAP OF 10 KM RADIUS FROM THE PROPOSED PROJECT SITE

3.3 Details of Alternate Sites

KEIL is already operating TSDF at the 50 acres of land in Block No. 37, Survey No. 205 of Puthenkurissu village, Kunnathunad Taluk, Ernakulam district. The Site has been declared as industrial area by the Govt. of Kerala. The Kerala State Pollution Control Board has granted permission for operating the TSDF in these 50 acres of land. The present proposal is to utilize 2.5 acres portion this land for setting up of Biomedical Waste Treatment Facility. The extent of land earmarked for the CBWTF will be secluded from the remaining land of TSDF. The proposed projects have no alternative site.

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 8 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala

3.4 Size and Magnitude of operation

Proposed Capacity of CBWTF:

Equipment Capacity Number Incinerator 250-300 kg /hr 2 Autoclave 250 ltrs 2 Shredder 350 kg / hr 1 Effluent Treatment Plant 50 m3 / day 1

3.5 Project Description with Process Details

Proposed Process Description:

Establishment of an Integrated Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facility includes Incinerator, Autoclave, Shredder and Effluent Treatment Plant.

Treatment Technology

Incineration

This is a high temperature thermal process employing combustion of the waste under controlled condition for converting it into inert material and gases. Incinerators can be oil fired or electrically powered or a combination of both. Broadly, three types of incinerators are used for biomedical waste: multiple hearth type, rotary kiln and controlled air types. All the types have primary and secondary combustion chambers to ensure optimal combustion. These are refractory lined.

In the multiple hearth incinerators, solid phase combustion takes place in the primary chamber whereas the secondary chamber is for gas phase combustion. These are referred to as excess air incinerators because excess air is present in both the chambers.

Thus the waste is incinerated in two stages i.e. the primary chamber and the secondary combustion chamber which are positioned adjacent to each other. The flue gases then passes through the high pressure drop Venturi Scrubber, droplet separator and are let out to atmosphere via ID fan and chimney. The Primary Combustion Chamber operates under near pyrolytic condition wherein the wastes are decomposed & all volatiles are released. The substrate remaining gets converted into sterile ash. The volatiles released from the Primary Combustion Chamber are then completely burnt in the Secondary Combustion Chamber under high temperature & excess air. Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 9 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala

Air Pollution Control Device (APCD)

The incinerator system will be equipped with High Pressure Venturi Scrubber System. Quenching system will also be incorporated in the incineration system to avoid reformation of dioxin and furan. The High Pressure Venturi Scrubber will be followed by a packed bed column with impregnated carbon for the adsorption of volatile organic compounds.

Autoclave

An autoclave is a specialized piece of equipment designed to deliver heat under pressure to a chamber, with the goal of decontaminating or sterilizing the contents of the chamber.

Decontamination is the reduction of contamination to a level where it is no longer a hazard to people or the environment. To ensure safety and quality control, all bio-hazardous materials and items contaminated with potentially infectious agents should be decontaminated before use or disposal. Such items include, but are not limited to: culture media, surgical instruments, laboratory equipment, glassware, and biomedical waste including sharps.

Shredder

Shredding is a process by which waste are de-shaped or cut into smaller pieces so as to make the wastes unrecognizable. Shredder has non- corrosive sharp blades capable for shredding of plastic wastes, sharps, bottles, needles, tubing’s, and other general wastes. The low speed two shaft systems is effective for shredding hard and solid wastes.

Waste Treatment and Disposal Scheme Depending on the nature of the waste the following treatment and disposal method are employed.

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 10 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala

Table 1: Categories of Biomedical Waste

Category Waste Category (Type) Treatment & Disposal

Category No. 1 Human Anatomical Waste Incineration (human tissue, organs, body parts) Category No. 2 Animal Waste Incineration (animal tissues, organs, body parts, carcasses, bleeding parts, fluid, blood and experimental animals used in research, waste generated by veterinary hospitals / colleges, discharges from hospitals, animals houses) Category No. 3 Microbiology & Biotechnology Disinfection at source by waste and other laboratory waste chemical treatment or (waste from clinical samples, Autoclaving/ microwaving pathology, bio-chemistry, followed by haematology, blood bank, mutilation/shredding and laboratory, cultures, stocks or after treatment final specimens of micro-organisms , live disposal in secured landfill or attenuated vaccines, human and or disposal of animal cell cultures used in recyclable(plastics or research and infectious agents from glasses) wastes through research and industrial registered or authorized laboratories, wastes from recyclers production of biological, toxins and devices used for transfer of cultures) Category No. 4 Waste sharps Disinfection by chemical (Needles, glass syringes or syringes treatment or destruction of with fixed needles, scalpels, blades, needle and tip cutters glass, etc. that may cause puncture autoclaving/microwaving and cuts. This includes both used followed by and unused sharps) mutilation/shredding and after treatment final disposal in secured landfill or designated concrete waste sharp pits Category No. 5 Discarded Medicine and Cytotoxic Disposal in secured landfill

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 11 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala

Category Waste Category (Type) Treatment & Disposal

drugs or incineration (Wastes comprising of outdated, contaminated and discarded medicines) Category No. 6 Soiled waste Incineration (Items contaminated with and body fluids including cotton, dressings, soiled plaster casts, linen, beddings, and other materials contaminated with blood.) Category No. 7 Infectious Solid Waste Disinfection by chemical (Waste generated from disposable treatment or Autoclaving items other than the waste sharps followed by shredding and such as tubing’s, hand gloves, after treatment final saline bottles with IV tubes, disposal in through catheters, intravenous sets, etc) registered or authorized recyclers Category No. 8 Chemical Waste Chemical treatment and (Chemicals used in production of discharge into drains biological, chemicals used in meeting the norms of disinfection, insecticides etc.) Biomedical Rules and solids disposed in secured landfill

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 12 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala

FIG 3: PFD OF COMMON BIO-MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT FACILITY (CBWTF)

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 13 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala

FIG 4: PFD FOR BIO-MEDICAL WASTE FACILITY

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 14 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala

The process flow diagram of proposed ETP given here under:

FIG 5: PFD OF EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 15 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala

3.6 Collection and Transportation of Bio medical Waste

Biomedical Waste segregated in color coded containers as per Biomedical Waste Management and Handling Rules shall be collected from various Health Care Facilities located in the 150 Km radius (Covering 10,000 beds) The collected waste shall be transported in specially designed closed vehicle to the proposed CBWTF for treatment and disposal.

3.7 Resource optimization/Recycling and reuse

The waste water after treatment in ETP will be used for floor washing and gardening. The treated effluent recycled for the use in scrubber will not be treated with hypochlorite solution. The plastic waste after disinfection & shredding shall given to registered recyclers

3.8 Availability of water its source, Energy/Power requirement and source The water will be taken from the supply from FACT CD, Ambalamedu, Kochi and will be used for the workers and construction purposes.

Power requirement will be sourced from existing line which will be upgraded and Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB). In case of power failure, D.G. set will be used.

3.9 Quantity of wastes to be generated (liquid and solid) and scheme for their Management / disposal

The Treated effluent shall meet the discharge standards laid down by MOEF/KSPCB for disposal/reuse.

The water recovered during treatment in ETP will be used for floor washing and gardening.

The solid waste generation during wastewater treatment & treatment of common Bio-medical waste will be disposed to TSDF site.

4.0 SITE ANALYSIS

4.1 Connectivity

The nearest Highway is Cochin-Madurai-Tondi Point (NH-85) at a distance of 3.4km in the South direction and National Highway -47 at a distance of 5km from project site in west direction. Nearest railway station is Ernakulam South Railway Station near about 8 km from project site in the west of South West

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 16 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala direction. Cochin International Airport at a distance of 19 km (Aerial) in the North East direction.

4.2 Land Form, Land use and Land ownership

The land use pattern of an area depends largely on climatologically and physiographic features. Net area sown in the district is 2407 sq. km. Water bodies’ area is 12700 hectares & Forest area is 8123 hectares. Ernakulam is located at Latitude 9o57’ N and Longitude 76o15’ E. The district is situated in the northern side of the state, bound by Thrissur district on the north, Idukki on the east, Kottayam and Alappuzha districts on the south and the Arabian Sea on the west.

4.3 Topography

The district can be broadly divided into three physiographical units viz. (1) the Coastal plains (low lands) (2) the mid lands and (3) the high lands. The general elevation of the coast is less than 8.0 meter above mean sea level and that of the midlands is between 8.0 and 76 meter above mean sea level. The highlands are having the general elevation above 76 m with the maximum of around 504 m above msl as in Malayattur Reserve forests. All the other talukas except the northeastern parts of Kunnathunad taluka fall under the mid land area.

4.4 Existing Land Use pattern

The land falls in the Industrial area and the proposed project site is earmarked for TSDF in which CBWTF shall be setup.

4.5 Existing Infrastructure

The project site is in Ernakulam district of Kerala and all required infrastructures like human settlement, schools, hospitals, health care centers, fire brigade, public transport, etc are available.

4.6 Soil Classification

Lateritic soil is the most predominant soil type of the district. In Muvattupuzha, , Kunnathunadu and parts of talukas lateritic soil is encountered. These soils are well drained, low in organic matter and plant nutrients. The major crops grown are coconut, tapioca, rubber, areaca nut, pepper, cashew and spices. Small patches of hydromorphic saline soil are encountered in the coastal tracts of the district in Kanayannur and Cochin taluk. The tidal backwaters contribute salinity to the soil. Coconut is

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 17 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala grown in these soils. Brown hydromorphic soil is the second most prevalent soil type of the district and they are encountered in valley bottoms. The soil is enriched in clay content and plant nutrients. The soil is suited for paddy cultivation.

4.7 Climate data from secondary sources

The region lies in the south western coastal state of Kerala, the climate is tropical, with only minor differences in temperatures between day and night, as well as over the year. Summer lasts from March to May, and is followed by the South-west monsoon from June to September. October and November form the post monsoon or retreating monsoon season. Winter from December through February is slightly cooler and windy due to winds from the Western Ghats.

The City is drained in the monsoonal season by heavy showers. The average annual rainfall is 3000 mm. The South-west monsoon generally sets in during the last week of May. After July the rainfall decreases. On an average, there are 124 rainy days in a year. The maximum average temperature of the City in the summer season is 33 degree Celsius while the minimum temperature recorded is 22.5 degrees Celsius. The winter season records a maximum average of 29 degree Celsius and a minimum average of 20 degree Celsius.

4.8 Social Infrastructure available

Schools, colleges, hospitals & healthcare centers, shops & bazaars, community centers etc. are all available nearby area.

5.0 PLANNING BRIEF 5.1 Planning concept (type of industries, facilities, transportation etc) Town and country, planning/ development authority classification

Proposed plant is located in the industrial area of Ernakulam, hence these points are not applicable. 5.2 Population Projection

Ernakulam consists of 124 villages and 7 taluks namely Kochi, Kanayannur, Paravur, Aluva, Kunnathunad, Muvattupuzha and Kothamangalam . As per 2011 census, the total population of the district is 3279860. The male population of the district is 1662572 and 1617288 females. The sex ratio of the district is 1028 & density of population is 1362. This district is having total geographical area of 2407 km2.

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 18 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala

5.3 Land use planning (breakup along with green belt etc.)

The open space inside the CBWTF area will suitably landscape and covered with the vegetation of indigenous variety. Green Belt area will be developed as per the CPCB guidelines.

5.4 Assessment of infrastructure demand (physical and the social)

The proposed CBWTF falls in industrial area therefore all facilities / amenities like medical, educational, housing, transportation, communication, shopping etc are available nearby places. The employees make their own arrangements for transport, lodging, boarding etc.

5.5 Amenities/Facilities

Man powers will be required on permanent and temporary basis. No of manpower is required is given here under:

Construction phase: 50 workmen Operation phase: 50 workmen

6.0 PROPOSED INFRASTRUCTURE 6.1 Industrial area (processing area)

Being a CBWTF, adequate infrastructural facilities will be developed such as  Incinerator  Shredder  Autoclave  Segregation area and Storage shed  Effluent Treatment Plant  Incinerator Ash Storage  Sharp Pit  Container Washing facility  Vehicle Disinfection Area  Wash room  Utility requirement like power, water etc  Material handling and Transportation equipments  Store Room  Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)  Gate and Security Room.

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 19 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala

6.2 Residential Area (non- Processing area)

The employees will make their own arrangements for their housing & allied amenities in nearby area. There is no need for any additional facilities.

6.3 Green Belt

Green belt will be developed according to CPCB guidelines. Plants of the various species will be developed in the plant and peripheral areas.

6.4 Social Infrastructure

Schools, colleges, hospitals & healthcare centers, shops & bazaars, community centers, etc. are all available in nearby area. 6.5 Connectivity

The nearest highway is Cochin-Madurai-Tondi Point (NH-85) at a distance of 3.4km in the South direction and National highway -47 at a distance of 5km from project site in west direction. Nearest railway station is Ernakulam south Railway Station near about 8 km from project site in the west of south west direction. Cochin International Airport is at a distance of 19 km (Aerial) in the North east Direction.

6.6 Drinking water management (source and supply of water)

Drinking water will be sourced from the supply from FACT CD, Ambalamedu, Kochi.

6.7 Sewerage system

Additional domestic waste load from the proposed facility will be treated in the existing TSDF

6.8 Industrial waste Management

The liquid waste generated from the treatment of Biomedical Waste shall be treated in the ETP of 50 M3 day. Sludge generated from treatment units would be disposed off into landfill of TSDF site.

6.9 Solid Waste Management

Solid waste generated during the wastewater treatment process is mainly sludge which will be generated depending upon the effluent characteristics and hydraulic load. Sludge will be disposed off in landfill of TSDF. The disinfected plastic waste shall send for recycling to registered recycler.

Shivalik Solid Waste Management Ltd., District-Solan, Himachal Pradesh 20 Proposed Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility by M/s Kerala Enviro Infrastructure Limited, Ernakulam, Kerala

6.10 Power Requirement & Supply/source

Power demand Construction phase: 100kW Power demand Operation phase: 200kW Supply source –Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB) In case of power failure D.G. Set can be used (250 KVA capacity). 7.0 REHABILITATION AND RESETTLEMENT (R & R) PLAN

No, Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R & R) Plan required.

8.0 PROJECT SCHEDULE & COST ESTIMATES

The Project is envisaged to be undertaken immediately after getting necessary statutory approvals. Project implementation schedule is given here under:

Cost Estimates The estimated cost of project is about Rs. 4.90 crores.

9.0 ANALYSIS OF PROPOSAL (FINAL RECOMMENDATIONS)

The proposed CBWTF project of for treatment of bio-medical waste, generated from a number of healthcare units is to reduce adverse effects that this waste may pose. The concept of CBWTF within a radius of 150 KM catering to 10000 beds has been introduced by the MoEF as a part of Biomedical Waste Management and Handling Rules 1998 as amended thereafter to prevent proliferation of treatment equipment area. It also reduces pressure on regulatory agencies for compliance monitoring. By running the treatment equipment at CBWTF to its full capacity, the cost of treatment per kilogram gets significantly reduced.

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