2017 Faculty Refereed Publications
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Kobe University Repository : Kernel
Kobe University Repository : Kernel タイトル Revision of braconine wasps of Japan (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with Title revised generic records 著者 KITTEL, N. Rebecca / QUICKE, L.J. Donald / MAETO, Kaoru Author(s) 掲載誌・巻号・ページ Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology,25(2):132–153 Citation 刊行日 2019-12-30 Issue date 資源タイプ Journal Article / 学術雑誌論文 Resource Type 版区分 publisher Resource Version 権利 Rights DOI JaLCDOI URL http://www.lib.kobe-u.ac.jp/handle_kernel/90007850 PDF issue: 2021-09-30 Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 25 (2): 132–153. December 30, 2019. Revision of braconine wasps of Japan (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with revised generic records Rebecca N. KITTEL1), Donald L.J. QUICKE2), and Kaoru MAETO1) 1) Laboratory of Insect Biodiversity and Ecosystem Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai 1-1, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan 2) Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand E-mail: [email protected] (RNK) / [email protected] (DLJQ) / [email protected] (KM) Abstract The braconine fauna of Japan is revised, based on literature and on the collections of the Osaka Museum of Natural History, Osaka, and the Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Tsukuba. A key to the genera is included and distribution records are provided at the prefecture level. Two genera (Baryproctus Ashmead and Dioxybracon Granger) are recorded for the first time from Japan, with the species Baryproctus barypus (Marshall) and Dioxybracon koshunensis (Watanabe) comb. nov. (= Bracon koshunensis Watanabe). The two species Stenobracon oculatus and Chelonogastra formosana are excluded from the Japanese species list. -
Diet-Mixing in a Generalist Herbivore: Trade-Offs Between Nutrient And
DIET-MIXING IN A GENERALIST HERBIVORE: TRADE-OFFS BETWEEN NUTRIENT AND ALLELOCHEMICAL REGULATION A Dissertation by MARION LE GALL Submitted to the Office of Graduate and Professional Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Chair of Committee, Spencer Behmer Committee Members, Micky Eubanks Keyan Zhu-Salzman Gil Rosenthal Jon Harrison Head of Department, David Ragsdale May 2014 Major Subject: Entomology Copyright 2014 Marion Le Gall ABSTRACT Despite decades of research, many key aspects related to the physiological processes and mechanisms insect herbivores use to build themselves remain poorly understood, and we especially know very little about how interactions among nutrients and allelochemicals drive insect herbivore growth processes. Understanding the physiological effects of these interactions on generalist herbivores is a critical step to a better understanding and evaluation of the different hypothesis that have been emitted regarding the benefits of polyphagy. I used both lab and field experiments to disentangle the respective effect of protein, carbohydrates and allelochemicals on a generalist herbivore, the grasshopper Melanoplus differentialis. The effect of protein and carbohydrates alone were examined using artificial diets in choice and no-choice experiments. Results were plotted using a fitness landscape approach to evaluate how protein-carbohydrate ratio and/or concentration affected performance and consumption. Growth was best near the self-selected ratio obtained from the choice experiment, most likely due to the fact that the amount of food digested was also higher on that ratio. By contrast, development time was not best near the preferred ratio most likely due to the trade-off existing between size and development time. -
SEVEN PREVIOUSLY UNDOCUMENTED ORTHOPTERAN SPECIES in LUNA COUNTY, NEW MEXICO Niccole D
International Journal of Science, Environment ISSN 2278-3687 (O) and Technology, Vol. 10, No 4, 2021, 105 – 115 2277-663X (P) SEVEN PREVIOUSLY UNDOCUMENTED ORTHOPTERAN SPECIES IN LUNA COUNTY, NEW MEXICO Niccole D. Rech1*, Brianda Alirez2 and Lauren Paulk2 1Western New Mexico University, Deming, New Mexico 2Early College High School, Deming, New Mexico E-mail: [email protected] (*Corresponding Author) Abstract: The Chihuahua Desert is the largest hot desert (BWh) in North America. Orthopterans are an integral part of desert ecosystems. They include grasshoppers, katydids and crickets. A large section of the Northern Chihuahua Desert is in Luna County, New Mexico. There is a dearth of information on the Orthopterans in this area. Between May and October of 2020, sixty adult grasshoppers, two katydids and one camel cricket were captured from a 5-hectare (ha) area at base of the Florida Mountains, which is the extreme southern portion of Luna County. Luna County was in a severe drought during 2020. The insects were identified using several taxonomic keys (Cigliano, Braun, Eades & Otte, 2018; Guala & Doring, 2019; Triplehorn & Johnson, 2005; Richman, Lightfoot, Sutherland & Fergurson, 1993, Otte, 1984, 1981; Tinkham, 1944). A previous New Mexico State University (NMSU) survey from 1993 had only documented grasshoppers in the Acrididae and Romaleidae families. The objective of this continuing study is to identify and document all species of Orthopterans found in Luna County, and correlate the populations with changing weather patterns. In this portion of the study, the majority of Orthopterans captured were Leprus wheeleri (Thomas), a previously documented specie. However, seven undocumented species were also captured. -
Lubber Grasshoppers, Romalea Microptera (Beauvois), Orient to Plant Odors in a Wind Tunnel
J. B. HELMS, C. M. BOOTH, J. RIVERA, J. A. SIEGLER,Journal S. WUELLNER,of Orthoptera D. W. Research WHITMAN 2003,12(2): 135-140135 Lubber grasshoppers, Romalea microptera (Beauvois), orient to plant odors in a wind tunnel JEFF B. HELMS, CARRIE M. BOOTH, JESSICA RIVERA, JASON A. SIEGLER, SHANNON WUELLNER, AND DOUGLAS W. WHITMAN 4120 Department of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract We tested the response of individual adult lubber grasshoppers in a wind tion, palpation, and biting often increase in the presence of food tunnel to the odors of 3 plant species and to water vapor. Grasshoppers moved odors (Kennedy & Moorhouse 1969, Mordue 1979, Chapman upwind to the odors of fresh-mashed narcissus and mashed Romaine lettuce, but not to water vapor, or in the absence of food odor. Males and females 1988, Chapman et al. 1988). Grasshoppers will also retreat from showed similar responses. Upwind movement tended to increase with the the odors of deterrent plants or chemicals (Kennedy & Moorhouse length of starvation (24, 48, or 72 h). The lack of upwind movement to water 1969, Chapman 1974). However, the most convincing evidence vapor implies that orientation toward the mashed plants was not simply an that grasshoppers use olfaction in food search comes from wind orientation to water vapor. These results support a growing data base that tunnel and olfactometer experiments, showing that grasshoppers suggests that grasshoppers can use olfaction when foraging in the wild. can orient upwind in response to food odors. To date, 3 grass- hopper species, Schistocerca gregaria, S. -
Temperature-Dependent Phenology and Predation in Arthropod Systems
ecological modelling 196 (2006) 471–482 available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ecolmodel Temperature-dependent phenology and predation in arthropod systems J. David Logan a,∗, William Wolesensky b, Anthony Joern c a Department of Mathematics, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0130, Unites States b Program in Mathematics, College of St. Mary, Omaha, NE 68134, Unites States c Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Unites States article info abstract Article history: A central issue in ecology is to determine how environmental variations associated with Received 22 April 2005 global climate change, especially changing temperatures, affect trophic interactions in var- Received in revised form 14 ious ecosystems. This paper develops a temperature-dependent, stage-based, discrete, co- December 2005 hort model of the population dynamics of an insect pest under pressure from a predator. Accepted 9 February 2006 Guided by experimental data, the model is applied specifically to predation of grasshoppers Published on line 17 April 2006 by rangeland lycosid spiders. The development rate of insect arthropods is strongly affected by temperature, and these temperature-dependent phenological effects couple with shifts in Keywords: the daily activity periods for both prey and predator, thereby increasing or decreasing oppor- Predator–prey models tunities for interaction. The model addresses these effects quantitatively by introducing a Temperature temperature-dependent, joint-activity factor that enters the predator’s functional response. Phenology The model also includes a prey mortality rate that is temperature-dependent through the Grasshoppers prey development rate. The model is parameterized using field and experimental data for Lycosid spiders spiders and grasshoppers. -
Table of Contents: Vol
Journal of Range Management, Volume 49, Number 6 (November 1996) Item Type Journal; text Publisher Society for Range Management Journal Journal of Range Management Rights Copyright © Society for Range Management. Download date 24/09/2021 04:32:42 Item License http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Version Final published version Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/650560 TABLE OF CONTENTS: VOL. 49, NO. 6, November 1996 ARTICLES Animal Ecology 482 Cattle distribution, habitats, and diets in the Sierra Nevada of California by John G. Kie and Brian B. Boroski 489 Wildlife numbers on excellent and good condition Chihuahuan Desert rangelands: An observation by Gretchen Smith, Jerry L. Holechek, and Manual Cardenas 494 Importance of grasshopper defoliation period on southwestern blue grama- dominated rangeland by David C. Thompson, and Kevin T Gardner Plant Animal 499 Mule deer and elk foraging preference for 4 sagebrush taxa by Carl L. wambdt Plant Ecology 504 Perennial grass establishment in relationship to seeding dates in the Northern Great Plains by R.E. Ries and L. Hofmann 509 Emergence and seedling survival of Lotus tenuis in Festuca arundinacea pastures by G.H. Sevilla, O.N. Fernandez, RR Miiion, and L. Montcs 512 Sahelian rangeland development; a catastrophe? by Max Rietkerk, Pie&r Ketner, Leo Stroosnijder, and Herbert H.T. Prins 520 Buffaloberry [Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.] fruit production in fire- successional bear feeding sites by David Hamer 530 Shifts in botanical composition of flatwoods following fertilization by Rob Kalmbacher and Frank Martin Grazing Management 535 I&rea&g utilization efficiency of continuously stocked Old World bluestem pasture by W.R. -
State-Of-The-Art on Use of Insects As Animal Feed
State-of-the-art on use of insects as animal feed Harinder P.S. Makkar1, Gilles Tran2, Valérie Heuzé2 and Philippe Ankers1 1 Animal Production and Health Division, FAO, Rome 2 Association Française de Zootechnie, Paris, France Full reference of the paper: Animal Feed Science and Technology, Volume 197, November 2014, pages 1-33 Link: http://www.animalfeedscience.com/article/S0377-8401(14)00232-6/abstract http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.07.008 Abstract A 60-70% increase in consumption of animal products is expected by 2050. This increase in the consumption will demand enormous resources, the feed being the most challenging because of the limited availability of natural resources, ongoing climatic changes and food-feed-fuel competition. The costs of conventional feed resources such as soymeal and fishmeal are very high and moreover their availability in the future will be limited. Insect rearing could be a part of the solutions. Although some studies have been conducted on evaluation of insects, insect larvae or insect meals as an ingredient in the diets of some animal species, this field is in infancy. Here we collate, synthesize and discuss the available information on five major insect species studied with respect to evaluation of their products as animal feed. The nutritional quality of black soldier fly larvae, the house fly maggots, mealworm, locusts- grasshoppers-crickets, and silkworm meal and their use as a replacement of soymeal and fishmeal in the diets of poultry, pigs, fish species and ruminants are discussed. The crude protein contents of these alternate resources are high: 42 to 63% and so are the lipid contents (up to 36% oil), which could possibly be extracted and used for various applications including biodiesel production. -
Evaluating the Spatial Distribution of Dociostaurus Maroccanus Egg Pods Using Different Sampling Designs
Bulletin of Insectology 65 (2): 223-231, 2012 ISSN 1721-8861 Evaluating the spatial distribution of Dociostaurus maroccanus egg pods using different sampling designs 1 2 3 Ferdinando BALDACCHINO , Andrea SCIARRETTA , Rocco ADDANTE 1Department UTTRI-BIOTEC – ENEA C.R. Trisaia, Rotondella, Italy 2Department of Animal, Vegetal and Environmental Science - University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy 3Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology and Chemistry - University of Bari, Italy Abstract In its gregarious phase the locust Dociostaurus maroccanus (Thunberg) (Orthoptera Acrididae) has periodically caused significant yield losses in many Mediterranean and Asian countries, and alarm in the general public. Population outbreaks in recent years have frequently required the application of control measures, based on those that have low environmental impact, which are only possible with a sound knowledge of locust bio-ethology and ecology. Our research was aimed at studying the spatial distribution of D. maroccanus egg pods in two Apulian egg bed areas in southern Italy, thus contributing to the rationalization of control methods. The distribution of D. maroccanus egg pods was investigated using a geostatistical approach. Three sampling designs (called A, B and C), characterized by different mesh and clod sizes, were compared to evaluate their effectiveness and afforda- bility. In both egg bed areas, the variogram models were asymptotic with a small nugget effect, and indicated an aggregated dis- tribution of egg pods. Contour maps showed that design A, based on a larger mesh and clod size, was characterized by few hot spots and an extended zone of “low density” egg pods, while design B, involving a smaller mesh and clod size, showed a more structured distribution, with various hot spots alternating with zero level zones. -
197 Section 9 Sunflower (Helianthus
SECTION 9 SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.) 1. Taxonomy of the Genus Helianthus, Natural Habitat and Origins of the Cultivated Sunflower A. Taxonomy of the genus Helianthus The sunflower belongs to the genus Helianthus in the Composite family (Asterales order), which includes species with very diverse morphologies (herbs, shrubs, lianas, etc.). The genus Helianthus belongs to the Heliantheae tribe. This includes approximately 50 species originating in North and Central America. The basis for the botanical classification of the genus Helianthus was proposed by Heiser et al. (1969) and refined subsequently using new phenological, cladistic and biosystematic methods, (Robinson, 1979; Anashchenko, 1974, 1979; Schilling and Heiser, 1981) or molecular markers (Sossey-Alaoui et al., 1998). This approach splits Helianthus into four sections: Helianthus, Agrestes, Ciliares and Atrorubens. This classification is set out in Table 1.18. Section Helianthus This section comprises 12 species, including H. annuus, the cultivated sunflower. These species, which are diploid (2n = 34), are interfertile and annual in almost all cases. For the majority, the natural distribution is central and western North America. They are generally well adapted to dry or even arid areas and sandy soils. The widespread H. annuus L. species includes (Heiser et al., 1969) plants cultivated for seed or fodder referred to as H. annuus var. macrocarpus (D.C), or cultivated for ornament (H. annuus subsp. annuus), and uncultivated wild and weedy plants (H. annuus subsp. lenticularis, H. annuus subsp. Texanus, etc.). Leaves of these species are usually alternate, ovoid and with a long petiole. Flower heads, or capitula, consist of tubular and ligulate florets, which may be deep purple, red or yellow. -
Spur-Throated Grasshoppers of the Canadian Prairies and Northern Great Plains
16 Spur-throated grasshoppers of the Canadian Prairies and Northern Great Plains Dan L. Johnson Research Scientist, Grassland Insect Ecology, Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Box 3000, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, [email protected] The spur-throated grasshoppers have become the most prominent grasshoppers of North Ameri- can grasslands, not by calling attention to them- selves by singing in the vegetation (stridulating) like the slant-faced grasshoppers, or by crackling on the wing (crepitating) like the band-winged grasshoppers, but by virtue of their sheer num- bers, activities and diversity. Almost all of the spur-throated grasshoppers in North America are members of the subfamily Melanoplinae. The sta- tus of Melanoplinae is somewhat similar in South America, where the melanopline Dichroplus takes the dominant role that the genus Melanoplus pated, and hiding in the valleys?) scourge that holds in North America (Cigliano et al. 2000). wiped out so much of mid-western agriculture in The biogeographic relationships are analysed by the 1870’s. Chapco et al. (2001). The grasshoppers are charac- terized by a spiny bump on the prosternum be- Approximately 40 species of grasshoppers in tween the front legs, which would be the position the subfamily Melanoplinae (mainly Tribe of the throat if they had one. This characteristic is Melanoplini) can be found on the Canadian grass- easy to use; I know elementary school children lands, depending on weather and other factors af- who can catch a grasshopper, turn it over for a fecting movement and abundance. The following look and say “melanopline” before grabbing the notes provide a brief look at representative next. -
Managing Weta Damage to Vines Through an Understanding of Their Food, Habitat Preferences, and the Policy Environment
Lincoln University Digital Thesis Copyright Statement The digital copy of this thesis is protected by the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand). This thesis may be consulted by you, provided you comply with the provisions of the Act and the following conditions of use: you will use the copy only for the purposes of research or private study you will recognise the author's right to be identified as the author of the thesis and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate you will obtain the author's permission before publishing any material from the thesis. Managing weta damage to vines through an understanding of their food, habitat preferences, and the policy environment A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Applied Science at Lincoln University by Michael John Smith Lincoln University 2014 Abstract of a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Applied Science. Abstract Managing weta damage to vines through an understanding of their food, habitat preferences, and the policy environment by Michael John Smith Insects cause major crop losses in New Zealand horticulture production, through either direct plant damage or by vectoring disease Pugh (2013). As a result, they are one of the greatest risks to NZ producing high quality horticulture crops (Gurnsey et al. 2005). The main method employed to reduce pest damage in NZ horticulture crops is the application of synthetic pesticides (Gurnsey et al. 2005). However, there are a number of negative consequences associated with pesticide use, including non–target animal death (Casida & Quistad 1998) and customer dissatisfaction. -
Distribution of Species and Species-Groups of Aleiodes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Mexico
Brachystola magna Folia Entorno!. Mex., 41(2): 215-227 (2002) V.M.A.M. Y BERLANGA- DISTRIBUTION OF SPECIES AND SPECIES-GROUPS OF ALEIODES (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) IN MEXICO HUGO DELFÍN-GONZÁLEZ1 AND ROBERT A. WHARTON2 'Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autonóma de Yucatán, Apartado Postal4-116, Col. ltzimná, 97100 Mérida, Yucatán, México. 2Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station. Texas 77843, U .S.A. Delf'm-González, H. and R.A. Wharton. 2002. Distribution of species and species-groups of Aleiodes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Mexico. Folia Entorno/. Mex., 41(2): 215-227. ABSTRACT. A study was made of Aleiodes species recorded in Mexico, and specimens deposited in various collections. Using the criteria of Portier and Shaw (1999), eight species groups were recognized from Mexico, with 21 described and 27 undescribed species recorded. These are first records in Mexico for A. earinos Shaw, A. graphicus (Cresson), A. notozophus Marsh and Shaw andA. politiceps (Gahan). The genus is widely distributed in Mexico, being present in 28 of 31 states. Results are discussed in relation to the richness patterns hypotheses of other authors. KEY WoRDs: Aleiodes, Mexico, distribution, Rogadinae, parasitoids. Simposio Control de Plaga de 9- 10 de marzo del2000. Durango, Delfín-González, H. y R.A. Wharton. 2002. Distribución de las especies y grupos de especies de Aleiodes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) en Mexico. Folia Entorno/. Mex., 41(2): 215-227. RESUMEN. El estudio se realizó con las especies de Aleiodes registradas en México y material depositado en varias colecciones. Utilizando los criterios de Portier y Shaw (1999) se reconocieron ocho grupos de especies presentes en México.