Usage Derived from in the United States Term Hispanic Latino

KCAD Recognizes HISPANIC HERITAGE MONTH

The meaning and history of these terms have important signficance. The chart below and additional information are available at https://www.diffen.com/difference/Hispanic_vs_Latino.

Hispanic Latino

Hispanic refers to language. You are Latino refers to geography. Specifically, Hispanic if you and/or your ancestry to Latin America, to people from the Term come from a country where they Caribbean (Puerto Rico, Cuba, Dominican speak Spanish. Republic), South America (Ecuador, Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, etc.) and Central America (Honduras, Costa Rica, etc.)

Was first adopted by the United States The government adopted these terms In the government during the administration because they did not have an inclusive United of Richard Nixon. It has been used in the term to identify and segregate the mixed U.S. Census since 1980. “Hispanic” is white with black and native mestizo States used more often in states such as or mulato people of Central and South Florida and Texas. America.

The term “Hispanic” comes from a The term “Latino” is shortened from Latin word for Spain “Hispania”, which Spanish latino americano, “Latin Derived later became “España”. It refers to a American” thus narrowing the scope of from person of Latin American or Iberian meaning to Central and South America, ancestry, fluent in Spanish. and Spanish speaking Carribean Islands.

“Hispanic” is primarily used along the “Latino” is principally used west of the Usage Eastern seaboard, and favored by those Mississippi, where it has displaced of Caribbean and South American “Chicano” and “Mexican American.” ancestry or origin.

Ferris State University is an equal opportunity institution. For information on the University’s Policy on Non-Discrimination, visit ferris.edu/nondiscrimination. KCAD Recognizes HISPANIC HERITAGE MONTH It would be impossible to list all notable hispanic, latino, latina artists that have contributed important works. We invite you to celebrate the works of the selected, notable figures below. We also encourage you to learn about hispanic, latina, and latino artists by following the links below.

Frida Kahlo (1907-1954) (Left) “Probably the most popular Mexican artist, Frida Kahlo is best known for her surrealist self-portraits. Her work reflects much of the emotional and physical pain of her life. A child at the onset of the Mexican Revolution, she experienced a difficult up- bringing that included war and a case of polio which permanently disfigured her leg, and a bus accident that left her with a broken spinal column, broken collarbone, broken ribs, broken pelvis and crushed right foot. The injuries also prevented her from having children for the rest of her life. She is best known for her series of self-portraits, which helped her cope with her physical and psychological pain.”

Arreola, C. (2014, December 2). 10 Latino Artists to Know. http://www.latina.com/lifestyle/our-issues/latino-artists-know.

Narciso Rodriguez (b 1961) Carolina Herrera (b 1939) “This Cuban-American, known for his clean lines (Below) “After deciding to design clothes in her 30s, and minimalistic designs made a splash when he Venezuelan born Carolina Herrera is known for her designed the wedding dress of John F. Kennedy refined, exuberant and rich designs that are worn by Jr.’s wife, and went on to be awarded Designer of everyone from Sofia Vergara to Penelope Cruz.”

the Year by the Council of Fashion Designers of Latina Staff. (2012, February 15). The Greatest Latino Designers of All Time!. America.” http://latina.com/fashion/designers/15-greatest-latino-designers-all-time. Sasha. (2016, November 15). Carolina Herrera. 35 Years of Fashion Book 2016. Latina Staff. (2012, February 15). The Greatest Latino Designers of All Time!. http://thefashionography.com/carolina-herrera-35-years-fashion-book-2016/2/

Jean-Michel Basquiat (1960 - 1988) “Part-Puerto Rican painter Jean-Michel Basquiat became renowned in the 1970’s and ‘80s as a pop culture icon, graffiti artist, musician and painter. He first hit the scene as part of the graffiti group SAMO, but later became known for his neo-expressionist paintings and relationships with high-profile celebrities like Madonna and David Bowie. A longtime collaborator and friend of Andy Warhol, Basquiat became addicted to heroin following his death, and sadly died of an overdose in 1988. His work and experimental art lived on past his death, and have become iconic reminders of his generation.”

Arreola, C. (2014, December 2). 10 Latino Artists to Know. http://www.latina.com/lifestyle/our-issues/latino-artists-know.

Rodolfo “Corky” Gonzales “Often considered one of the founders of the Chicano Movement of the 1960s, Rodolfo “Corky” Gonzales helped organize Mexican Americans in the fight for equality, including the right to unionize, access to education and voting rights. As an activist, Gonzales founded Crusade for Justice, a civil rights and cultural organization that advocated for the rights of Hispanic Americans. He is perhaps most widely known for his poem “Yo Soy Joaquín” — or its English translation “I Am Joaquín” — which confronts cultural multiplicity and the oppression of Chicano Americans in the U.S. Gonzales was also a talented boxer prior to his activist career, winning the Golden Glove championships in his youth. He died in 2005, but leaves behind a legacy of Chicano empowerment.” Joan Baez Dupere, K. (2018, August 21). 11 Champions of Hispanic Culture and Identity We Need to Celebrate . https://mashable.com/article/hispanic-activists/ #YS3ACNeglsq6. (Above) “A Chicana folk singer who uses her music as an avenue for social change, Joan Baez has long been a force for equity and justice in entertainment. Berta Cáceres Early in her prolific music career, Baez declined “An award-winning Indigenous environmental activist from Honduras, is best to play any segregated venues, only playing black noted for leading a grassroots campaign opposing a proposed dam on the colleges when touring the South. For more than 50 Gualcarque River. The campaign was a success, protecting the river which is years, Baez has been a fierce advocate for a wide considered sacred by the Lencas — the Indigenous tribe Cáceres belonged range of social justice topics, including nonviolence, to - while also protecting the tribe’s access to water, food and medicine. She civil rights and environmental causes. Her lyrics are was also co-founder of the Council of Popular and Indigenous Organizations of a constant nod to this activism, even including Honduras, which supports and advocates for the needs of Indigenous notable protest hymns like “We Shall Overcome” in communities in Honduras. As a result of her passionate activism, Cáceres her early albums. Baez has received wide received death threats for years from those who refused to accept Indigenous recognition for her activism, often performing to rights, especially regarding land ownership and the environment. Cáceres died benefit activist causes. Now 75 years old, Baez still on March 3, 2016, after at least two assailants broke into her home and shot uses her music as a form of activism, releasing her to death. Her death sparked worldwide outrage, bringing attention to the more than 30 albums in several languages, high rates of environmentalist deaths.” including Spanish.”

Dupere, K. (2018, August 21). 11 Champions of Hispanic Culture and Identity We Need to Celebrate . https://mashable.com/article/hispanic-activists/ Dupere, K. (2018, August 21). 11 Champions of Hispanic Culture and Identity We Need to Celebrate . #YS3ACNeglsq6. https://mashable.com/article/hispanic-activists/ #YS3ACNeglsq6. Cesar Chavez (Left) “An American labor leader and civil rights activist who, with Dolores Huerta, co-founded the National Farm Workers Association (later the United Farm Workers union, UFW) in 1962. Originally a Mexican American farm worker, Chavez became the best known Latino American civil rights activist, and was strongly promoted by the American labor movement, which was eager to enroll Hispanic members. His public-relations approach to unionism and aggressive but nonviolent tactics made the farm workers’ struggle a moral cause with nationwide support. By the late 1970s, his tactics had forced growers to recognize the UFW as the bargaining agent for 50,000 field workers in California and Florida. Chavez was also a champion of broader human rights.”

Dupere, K. (2018, August 21). 11 Champions of Hispanic Culture and Identity We Need to Celebrate . https://mashable.com/article/hispanic-activists/ #YS3ACNeglsq6.

Ferris State University is an equal opportunity institution. For information on the University’s Policy on Non-Discrimination, visit ferris.edu/nondiscrimination.