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Y-Chromosome and Surname Analyses for Reconstructing Past Population Structures: the Sardinian Population As a Test Case
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article Y-chromosome and Surname Analyses for Reconstructing Past Population Structures: The Sardinian Population as a Test Case Viola Grugni 1, Alessandro Raveane 1, Giulia Colombo 1, Carmen Nici 1, Francesca Crobu 1,2, Linda Ongaro 1,3,4, Vincenza Battaglia 1, Daria Sanna 1,5, Nadia Al-Zahery 1, Ornella Fiorani 6, Antonella Lisa 6, Luca Ferretti 1 , Alessandro Achilli 1, Anna Olivieri 1, Paolo Francalacci 7, Alberto Piazza 8, Antonio Torroni 1 and Ornella Semino 1,* 1 Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “L. Spallanzani”, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; [email protected] (V.G.); [email protected] (A.R.); [email protected] (G.C.); [email protected] (C.N.); [email protected] (F.C.); [email protected] (L.O.); [email protected] (V.B.); [email protected] (D.S.); [email protected] (N.A.-Z.); [email protected] (L.F.); [email protected] (A.A.); [email protected] (A.O.); [email protected] (A.T.) 2 Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), 09042 Monserrato, Italy 3 Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia 4 Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia 5 Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy 6 Istituto di Genetica Molecolare “L.L. Cavalli-Sforza”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), 27100 Pavia, Italy; fi[email protected] -
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Nisan / The Levantine Review Volume 4 Number 2 (Winter 2015) Identity and Peoples in History Speculating on Ancient Mediterranean Mysteries Mordechai Nisan* We are familiar with a philo-Semitic disposition characterizing a number of communities, including Phoenicians/Lebanese, Kabyles/Berbers, and Ismailis/Druze, raising the question of a historical foundation binding them all together. The ethnic threads began in the Galilee and Mount Lebanon and later conceivably wound themselves back there in the persona of Al-Muwahiddun [Unitarian] Druze. While DNA testing is a fascinating methodology to verify the similarity or identity of a shared gene pool among ostensibly disparate peoples, we will primarily pursue our inquiry using conventional historical materials, without however—at the end—avoiding the clues offered by modern science. Our thesis seeks to substantiate an intuition, a reading of the contours of tales emanating from the eastern Mediterranean basin, the Levantine area, to Africa and Egypt, and returning to Israel and Lebanon. The story unfolds with ancient biblical tribes of Israel in the north of their country mixing with, or becoming Lebanese Phoenicians, travelling to North Africa—Tunisia, Algeria, and Libya in particular— assimilating among Kabyle Berbers, later fusing with Shi’a Ismailis in the Maghreb, who would then migrate to Egypt, and during the Fatimid period evolve as the Druze. The latter would later flee Egypt and return to Lebanon—the place where their (biological) ancestors had once dwelt. The original core group was composed of Hebrews/Jews, toward whom various communities evince affinity and identity today with the Jewish people and the state of Israel. -
And the Iberian Peninsula (3000–1500 BC)
Comparative Archaeologies The American Southwest (AD 900–1600) and the Iberian Peninsula (3000–1500 BC) Edited by Katina T. Lillios Comparative Archaeologies The American Southwest (AD 900–1600) and the Iberian Peninsula (3000–1500 BC) edited by Katina T. Lillios Oxbow Books Oxford & Oakville Published by Oxbow Books, Oxford, UK This book is available direct from Oxbow Books, Oxford, UK (Phone 01865-241249; Fax 01865-794449) and The David Brown Book Company PO Box 511, Oakville, CT 06779, USA (Phone 860-945-9329; Fax 860-945-9468) or from our website www.oxbowbooks.com @ 2011 by Katina T. Lillios ISBN: 978-1-935488-26-2 Cataloging data available from the Library of Congress. A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library. Text type 11 pt Minion Pro Display type Gill Sans Printed in the United States on acid-free paper. Contents List of Illustrations vii List of Tables viii Preface ix 1 Comparative Archaeology: Archaeology’s Responsibility 1 by Timothy Earle 2 Bridging Histories: The Archaeology of Chaco and Los Millares 21 by Stephen H. Lekson and Pedro Díaz-del-Río 3 The Southwest, Iberia, and their Worlds 25 by Stephen H. Lekson 4 Labor in the Making of Iberian Copper Age Lineages 37 by Pedro Díaz-del-Río 5 Bridging Landscapes 57 by Peter N. Peregrine and Leonardo García Sanjuán 6 The North American Postclassic Oikoumene: AD 900–1200 63 by Peter N. Peregrine 7 Transformations, Invocations, Echoes, Resistance: The Assimilation of the Past in Southern Iberia (5th to 1st Millennia BC) 81 by Leonardo García Sanjuán 8 Bridging Bodies 103 by Ventura R. -
The North American Postclassic Oikoumene: AD 900–1200 63 by Peter N
Comparative Archaeologies The American Southwest (AD 900–1600) and the Iberian Peninsula (3000–1500 BC) Edited by Katina T. Lillios Comparative Archaeologies Comparative Archaeologies The American Southwest (AD 900–1600) and the Iberian Peninsula (3000–1500 BC) edited by Katina T. Lillios Oxbow Books Oxford & Oakville Published by Oxbow Books, Oxford, UK This book is available direct from Oxbow Books, Oxford, UK (Phone 01865-241249; Fax 01865-794449) and The David Brown Book Company PO Box 511, Oakville, CT 06779, USA (Phone 860-945-9329; Fax 860-945-9468) or from our website www.oxbowbooks.com @ 2011 by Katina T. Lillios ISBN: 978-1-935488-26-2 Cataloging data available from the Library of Congress. A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library. Text type 11 pt Minion Pro Display type Gill Sans Printed in the United States on acid-free paper. Contents List of Illustrations vii List of Tables viii Preface ix 1 Comparative Archaeology: Archaeology’s Responsibility 1 by Timothy Earle 2 Bridging Histories: The Archaeology of Chaco and Los Millares 21 by Stephen H. Lekson and Pedro Díaz-del-Río 3 The Southwest, Iberia, and their Worlds 25 by Stephen H. Lekson 4 Labor in the Making of Iberian Copper Age Lineages 37 by Pedro Díaz-del-Río 5 Bridging Landscapes 57 by Peter N. Peregrine and Leonardo García Sanjuán 6 The North American Postclassic Oikoumene: AD 900–1200 63 by Peter N. Peregrine 7 Transformations, Invocations, Echoes, Resistance: The Assimilation of the Past in Southern Iberia (5th to 1st Millennia BC) 81 by Leonardo García Sanjuán 8 Bridging Bodies 103 by Ventura R. -
Ancestrydna Ethnicity
REGION APPROXIMATE AMOUNT Africa 0% Benin/Togo 0% Ivory Coast/Ghana 0% Africa North 0% Africa South-Central Hunter-Gatherers 0% Senegal 0% Nigeria 0% Cameroon/Congo 0% Africa Southeastern Bantu Mali 0% America 0% Native American 0% Asia 0% Asia East 0% Asia Central 0% Asia South 0% Europe 98% Great Britain Range: 14%-62% 38% Europe West Range: 13%-64% 38% Europe East Range: 1%-20% 11% Scandinavia Range: 0%-13% 3% European Jewish Range: 0%-6% 2% Italy/Greece Range: 0%-8% 2% Finland/Northwest Russia Range: 0%-5% 2% Ireland Range: 0%-5% < 1% Iberian Peninsula Range: 0%-4% < 1% Pacific Islander 0% Polynesia 0% Melanesia 0% West Asia 2% Middle East Range: 0%-5% 2% Caucasus 0% Also found in: Ireland, France, Germany, Denmark, Belgium, Netherlands, Switzerland, Austria, Italy The history of Great Britain is often told in terms of the invasions with different groups of invaders displacing the native population. The Romans, Anglo-Saxon, Vikings and Normans have all left their mark on Great Britain both politically and culturally. However, the story of Great Britain is far more complex than the traditional view of invaders displacing existing populations. In fact modern studies of British people tend to suggest the earliest populations continued to exist and adapt and absorb the new arrivals. How William Koerber compares to the typical person native to the Great Britain region William Koerber 38% Typical native 60% Genetic Diversity in the Great Britain Region The people living in the Great Britain region today are more admixed than most other regions, which means that when creating genetic ethnicity estimates for people native to this area, we often see similarities to DNA profiles from other nearby regions. -
Vitrified Walls in the Iron Age of Western Iberia: New Research from an Archaeometric Perspective
European Journal of Archaeology 22 (2) 2019, 185–209 Vitrified Walls in the Iron Age of Western Iberia: New Research from an Archaeometric Perspective 1 2 1 LUIS BERROCAL-RANGEL ,ROSARIO GARCÍA-GIMÉNEZ ,LUCÍA RUANO 2 AND RAQUEL VIGIL DE LA VILLA 1Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain 2Department of Geology and Geochemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain The phenomenon of Iron Age vitrified ramparts has become increasingly recognisable in the last twenty years in the Iberian Peninsula. After the first walls with vitrified stones were discovered in southern Portugal, there have been several findings scattered throughout western Iberia. A chronological sequence from the Late Bronze Age to the Late Iron Age can be established on the basis of the archaeological remains, with reference to different historical and functional conditions. This article reviews the data obtained from the various sites, in order to understand the context in which the stone structures became vitrified. Furthermore, we have analysed samples of stones and mud bricks that have been altered by fire from these sites, which has allowed us to explain the variability in the archaeological record in relation to different historical processes. With all these data, we aim to contribute to our knowledge of a phenomenon that is widespread in Iron Age Europe. Keywords: vitrification, Iberian Peninsula, archaeometry, ramparts, hillforts, fortifications INTRODUCTION eighteenth century, the first scientific studies were those of Vere Gordon Childe Throughout the twentieth century, an and Wallace Thorneycroft, whose explana- important number of calcined or vitrified tions related to a strong fire on timber- stones have been documented in ramparts laced walls. -
Four Millennia of Iberian Biomolecular Prehistory Illustrate the Impact of Prehistoric Migrations at the Far End of Eurasia
Four millennia of Iberian biomolecular prehistory illustrate the impact of prehistoric migrations at the far end of Eurasia Cristina Valdioseraa,b,c,1,2, Torsten Güntherb,1,2, Juan Carlos Vera-Rodríguezd, Irene Ureñab,c, Eneko Iriartee, Ricardo Rodríguez-Varelac,f, Luciana G. Simõesb, Rafael M. Martínez-Sánchezg, Emma M. Svenssonb, Helena Malmströmb, Laura Rodrígueze,h, José-María Bermúdez de Castroi, Eudald Carbonellj, Alfonso Aldayk, José Antonio Hernández Veral, Anders Götherströmf, José-Miguel Carreteroc,e, Juan Luis Arsuagac,2, Colin I. Smitha, and Mattias Jakobssonb,m,2 aDepartment of Archaeology and History, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; bDepartment of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden; cCentro Mixto, Universidad Complutense de Madrid–Instituto de Salud Carlos III de Evolución y Comportamiento Humanos, 28029 Madrid, Spain; dCentro de Investigación en Patrimonio Histórico, Cultural y Natural, Departamento de Historia, Geografía y Antropología, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain; eLaboratorio de Evolución Humana, Departamento de Historia, Geografía y Comunicación, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain; fDepartment of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; gDepartamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; hFacultad de Humanidades, Universidad Isabel I, 09003 Burgos, Spain; iCentro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana, 09002 Burgos, Spain; jInstitut -
Isotopic Analyses of Cattle from the Sites of Zambujal and Leceia
This is a repository copy of Animal mobility in Chalcolithic Portugal: Isotopic analyses of cattle from the sites of Zambujal and Leceia. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/144121/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Wright, E. orcid.org/0000-0002-0770-3898, Waterman, A.J., Peate, D.W. et al. (3 more authors) (2019) Animal mobility in Chalcolithic Portugal: Isotopic analyses of cattle from the sites of Zambujal and Leceia. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 24. pp. 804-814. ISSN 2352-409X https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2019.02.005 Article available under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-ND licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Reuse This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND) licence. This licence only allows you to download this work and share it with others as long as you credit the authors, but you can’t change the article in any way or use it commercially. More information and the full terms of the licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Wright et al. 2019 Accepted Manuscript 1 Animal mobility in Chalcolithic Portugal: Isotopic analyses of cattle from the sites of 2 Zambujal and Leceia 3 4 Elizabeth Wright1,2, Anna J. -
The Study Into Individual Classification and Biological Distance Using Cranial Morphology of a Basque Burial Population
University of Nevada, Reno A Craniometric Analysis of Basque Skulls from the Cathedral of Santa Maria, Vitoria-Gasteiz: Biological Distance and Population History A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Anthropology by Jennifer J. Janzen Dr. G. Richard Scott/Thesis Advisor August 2011 Copyright by Jennifer J. Janzen 2011 All Rights Reserved THE GRADUATE SCHOOL We recommend that the thesis prepared under our supervision by JENNIFER J. JANZEN entitled A Craniometric Analysis Of Basque Skulls From The Cathedral Of Santa Maria, Vitoria-Gasteiz: Biological Distance And Population History be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS G. Richard Scott, Ph.D., Advisor Gary Haynes, Ph.D., Committee Member David Wilson, Ph.D., Graduate School Representative Marsha H. Read, Ph. D., Dean, Graduate School August, 2011 i Abstract The origins and uniqueness of the Basque have long puzzled anthropologists and other scholars of human variation. Straddling the border between France and Spain, Basque country is home to a people genetically, linguistically and culturally distinct from neighboring populations. The craniometrics of a burial population from a Basque city were subjected to cluster analysis to identify the pattern of relationships between Spanish Basques and other populations of the Iberian Peninsula, Europe, and the world. Another method of affinity assessment -- discriminant function analysis – was employed to classify each individual cranium into one population from among a wide array of groups in a worldwide craniometric database. In concert with genetic and linguistic studies, craniometric analyses find Basques are distinct among Iberian and European populations, with admixture increasing in the modern era. -
The British in Corsica from the Mid- Nineteenth Century to the Eve of the Second World War
From Battleground to Playground: The British in Corsica from the Mid- Nineteenth Century to the Eve of the Second World War. Submitted by Elizabeth Constance Raikes to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History January, 2019. This thesis is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. Signature: ………………………………………………………….. 1 Acknowledgements This thesis is dedicated to the late Professor Colin Platt (1934-2015), and those who go on being inspired by him and take heart from his encouragement. Without Colin Platt, this thesis would never have begun. Without the support of those in the present it would not have been completed. Thanks are due to my supervisor Professor Andrew Thompson for his thoroughness and insightful comments that have sharpened and focussed this work. Staffs at the University of Exeter Library, the British Library, the National Archives, the London Metropolitan Archives, City of London and the Archives Départementales La Corse du Sud have been particularly helpful at guiding me through the various systems, processes and care of resources to enable this thesis to benefit from a rich variety of sources. They are largely an unsung body of people but vital to researchers. Finally, I have taken advantage of the good nature of my husband, Graham, for proof reading numerous drafts and for accompanying me on our research visits to Corsica, although exploring Ajaccio whilst I spent hours in the archives was no great hardship. -
|||GET||| the History of Spain 1St Edition
THE HISTORY OF SPAIN 1ST EDITION DOWNLOAD FREE Peter Pierson | 9780313360732 | | | | | William H. Prescott The Republic devolved substantial self-government to Catalonia and, for a brief period in wartime, also to the Basque Provinces. Isabella and Ferdinand authorized the expedition of Christopher Columbuswho became the first known European to reach the New World since Leif Ericson. Please enter a number less than or equal to 1. Known at first as Tierra Firme a phrase applied to the isthmus of Panamait is believed to be part of the coast of Asia - until Vespucci 's furthest journey south gives him a different impression, which becomes gradually accepted. The History of Spain 1st edition opening the arsenals to give rifles, machine guns and artillery to local militias, it had little control over the Loyalist ground forces. Please enter a number less than or equal to 1. The most conspicuous sign of prehistoric human settlements are the famous paintings in the northern Spanish cave of Altamirawhich were done c. Rare Book Cellar rare-book-cellar The Hispano-Romans found Visigothic rule and its early embrace of the Arian heresy more of The History of Spain 1st edition threat than Islam, and shed their thralldom to the Visigoths only in the 8th century, with the aid of the Muslims themselves. Main article: Trienio liberal. Then came the dictatorship of General Primo de Rivera It will not be the last, as discontent grows among the Spanish colonists in the New World. The Andalusian capital of Sevilla Seville is famed for its musical culture and traditional folkways; the Catalonian capital of Barcelona for its secular architecture and maritime industry; and the national capital of Madrid for its winding The History of Spain 1st edition, its museums and bookstores, and its around-the-clock lifestyle. -
The Origins and Evolution of Pig Domestication in Prehistoric Spain
THE ORIGINS AND EVOLUTION OF PIG DOMESTICATION IN PREHISTORIC SPAIN Angelos Hadjikoumis A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Archaeology University of Sheffield April, 2010 Abstract From the main four domesticates (cattle, sheep, goat, and pig), the pig has only recently attracted scientific interest worthy of its archaeological importance. Synthetic works studying wild or domestic pigs in European regions such as Italy, Sardinia/Corsica and Poland have provided important insights often missed by site-focused zooarchaeological reports. This thesis constitutes the first study focusing on pigs and their interactions with humans in Spain from pre-Neolithic times until the Iron Age. Crucial archaeological issues addressed include, when and how pig domestication occurred, how it was integrated in the neolithisation of Iberia, and how it evolved in post-Neolithic periods. The relationships between humans and wild boar as well as between domestic pigs and their wild counterparts are also explored. A large volume of biometric data on postcranial and dental elements, combined with age and sex data of pig populations, allow reliable analyses and well- informed interpretations. These data are explored graphically and described to refine the picture of prehistoric pig populations in Spain and generate inferences on their relationship with humans. Biometric data from other countries and ethnoarchaeological data of traditional pig husbandry practices from southwest Iberia and other Mediterranean regions are analysed to enhance the interpretational value of the Spanish zooarchaeological data. The results support the appearance of domestic pigs from the early 6th millennium cal. BC in most parts of Spain and suggest ample diversity in early pig husbandry practices.