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Digital Rhetoric: Toward an Integrated Theory
TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION QUARTERLY, 14(3), 319–325 Copyright © 2005, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. Digital Rhetoric: Toward an Integrated Theory James P. Zappen Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute This article surveys the literature on digital rhetoric, which encompasses a wide range of issues, including novel strategies of self-expression and collaboration, the characteristics, affordances, and constraints of the new digital media, and the forma- tion of identities and communities in digital spaces. It notes the current disparate na- ture of the field and calls for an integrated theory of digital rhetoric that charts new di- rections for rhetorical studies in general and the rhetoric of science and technology in particular. Theconceptofadigitalrhetoricisatonceexcitingandtroublesome.Itisexcitingbe- causeitholdspromiseofopeningnewvistasofopportunityforrhetoricalstudiesand troublesome because it reveals the difficulties and the challenges of adapting a rhe- torical tradition more than 2,000 years old to the conditions and constraints of the new digital media. Explorations of this concept show how traditional rhetorical strategies function in digital spaces and suggest how these strategies are being reconceived and reconfiguredDo within Not these Copy spaces (Fogg; Gurak, Persuasion; Warnick; Welch). Studies of the new digital media explore their basic characteris- tics, affordances, and constraints (Fagerjord; Gurak, Cyberliteracy; Manovich), their opportunities for creating individual identities (Johnson-Eilola; Miller; Turkle), and their potential for building social communities (Arnold, Gibbs, and Wright; Blanchard; Matei and Ball-Rokeach; Quan-Haase and Wellman). Collec- tively, these studies suggest how traditional rhetoric might be extended and trans- formed into a comprehensive theory of digital rhetoric and how such a theory might contribute to the larger body of rhetorical theory and criticism and the rhetoric of sci- ence and technology in particular. -
Open Access Availability of Scientific Publications
Analytical Support for Bibliometrics Indicators Open access availability of scientific publications Analytical Support for Bibliometrics Indicators Open access availability of scientific publications* Final Report January 2018 By: Science-Metrix Inc. 1335 Mont-Royal E. ▪ Montréal ▪ Québec ▪ Canada ▪ H2J 1Y6 1.514.495.6505 ▪ 1.800.994.4761 [email protected] ▪ www.science-metrix.com *This work was funded by the National Science Foundation’s (NSF) National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES). Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect the views of NCSES or the NSF. The analysis for this research was conducted by SRI International on behalf of NSF’s NCSES under contract number NSFDACS1063289. Analytical Support for Bibliometrics Indicators Open access availability of scientific publications Contents Contents .............................................................................................................................................................. i Tables ................................................................................................................................................................. ii Figures ................................................................................................................................................................ ii Abstract ............................................................................................................................................................ -
Information Design and Uncertain Environments: Cognitive and Ecological Considerations in Technical Communication
Information Design and Uncertain Environments: Cognitive and Ecological Considerations in Technical Communication By Christopher Cocchiarella Abstract: While technical communication has roots in the rhetorical tradition, it also has been influenced by positivism and computationalism, which, unlike rhetoric, treat facts separately from values and isolate information from social contexts by organizing data into digital ‘bits.’ Technical communicators uncritical of such assumptions may unintentionally design information inappropriate for their audiences’ social values or their users’ situation. To illustrate, this paper analyzes a case study of technical communication graduate students who worked on an information design project that ultimately failed. In an information design course, technical communication graduate students tried to design a short messaging service (SMS) system for clients in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. They collaborated on this project with a non-governmental organization, which asked them to devise an SMS system that could deliver pricing information to Congolese miners and farmers who own cell phones with text messaging capacities. As the students tried to design this SMS system, however, they realized that most technological aspects of the design were relatively trivial compared to its trustworthiness and context of use—e.g., they questioned where the pricing information would come from, how it could be trusted, and if it could be communicated in ways that would incentivize negotiation and cooperation among users. Concerns about trust value and usability context became greater issues than pricing information and SMS content, halting the implementation of the original SMS design. As a case study, the SMS project demonstrates the need for cognitive and ecological considerations in technical communication. -
Experiences with Technical Writing Pedagogy Within a Mechanical Engineering Curriculum
Session 1141 Learning To Write: Experiences with Technical Writing Pedagogy Within a Mechanical Engineering Curriculum Beth Daniell1, Richard Figliola2, David Moline2, and Art Young1 1Department of English 2Department of Mechanical Engineering Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631 Abstract This case study draws from a recent experience in which we critically reviewed our efforts of teaching technical writing within our undergraduate laboratories. We address the questions: “What do we want to accomplish?” and “So how might we do this effectively and efficiently?” As part of Clemson University's Writing-Across-The-Curriculum Program, English department consultants worked with Mechanical Engineering faculty and graduate assistants on technical writing pedagogy. We report on audience, genre, and conventions as important issues in lab reports and have recommended specific strategies across the program for improvements. Introduction Pedagogical questions continue about the content, feedback and methodology of the technical laboratory writing experience in engineering programs. In fact, there is no known prescription for success, and different programs try different approaches. Some programs delegate primary technical writing instruction to campus English departments, while others maintain such instruction within the engineering department, and hybrids in-between exist. But the approaches seem as much driven by financial necessity and numbers efficiency as they are by pedagogical effectiveness. While better-heeled departments can employ technically trained writing specialists to tutor students individually, the overwhelming majority of engineers are trained at quality institutions whose available resources require other methods. So how can we do this effectively and efficiently? At the heart of the matter is the question, “What do we want to accomplish?” We find ourselves trying to accomplish two instructional tasks that are often competing and we suspect that we are not alone. -
Software Technical Report
A Technical History of the SEI Larry Druffel January 2017 SPECIAL REPORT CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 SEI Director’s Office Distribution Statement A: Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited http://www.sei.cmu.edu Copyright 2016 Carnegie Mellon University This material is based upon work funded and supported by the Department of Defense under Contract No. FA8721-05-C-0003 with Carnegie Mellon University for the operation of the Software Engineer- ing Institute, a federally funded research and development center. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Department of Defense. References herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trade mark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by Carnegie Mellon University or its Software Engineering Institute. This report was prepared for the SEI Administrative Agent AFLCMC/PZM 20 Schilling Circle, Bldg 1305, 3rd floor Hanscom AFB, MA 01731-2125 NO WARRANTY. THIS CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INSTITUTE MATERIAL IS FURNISHED ON AN “AS-IS” BASIS. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY MAKES NO WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, AS TO ANY MATTER INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR PURPOSE OR MERCHANTABILITY, EXCLUSIVITY, OR RESULTS OBTAINED FROM USE OF THE MATERIAL. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY DOES NOT MAKE ANY WARRANTY OF ANY KIND WITH RESPECT TO FREEDOM FROM PATENT, TRADEMARK, OR COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT. [Distribution Statement A] This material has been approved for public release and unlimited distribu- tion. -
Special Collections: Proposal and Guidelines for Potential Guest Editors Special Collections Are an Important Component of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine
Special Collections: Proposal and Guidelines for Potential Guest Editors Special Collections are an important component of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine. They are an opportunity for the journal to cultivate a collection of articles around a specific topic, meeting/conference, or newsworthy development that falls within the scope of the journal. They should be organized by recognized experts in the area and attract articles of the highest quality. Special Collections are highlighted on the homepage for increased visibility and in most cases receive their own dedicated marketing efforts. Special Collections can be a continuously published section in a journal, or exist as a fixed set of articles. As the Guest Editor, you have the chance to shape the content, define the aims & scope of the collection, and collaborate with colleagues around a topic of particular interest to your personal research. Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine Aims and Scope Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine (GGM) is an interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed open access journal where scholars from a variety of disciplines present their work focusing on the psychological, behavioral, social, and biological aspects of aging, and public health services and research related to aging. The journal addresses a wide variety of topics related to health services research in gerontology and geriatrics. GGM seeks to be one of the world’s premier Open Access outlets for gerontological academic research. As such, GGM does not limit content due to page budgets or thematic significance. Papers will be subjected to rigorous peer review but will be selected solely on the basis of whether the research is sound and deserves publication. -
Technical Writing
A Guide to Estimating Writing Projects Technical Writing Project Task Description Time Estimate Notes End User Guide Research, prepare, interview, write, graphics prep, screen 3-5 hours per page Assumes an average user guide (20-80 pages) of moderate r (e.g., software captures, index. complexity. Availability of existing style guide, SME’s and user manual) source docs will significantly impact time. Online Help Interview, design/layout, write, illustrate/graphics, revise and 3-6 hours per page Consider one page as one help screen. Technical complexity final link verification. and availability of SME’s and source docs are usually the gov- erning factors. Hours per page should be significantly less if help is prepared from an established paper-based user guide. Technical Reference Interview developers/programmers, write, graphic design, 5-9 hours per page Assumes a standard or established format and outline for Material screen captures, flowchart prep, edit, index. the document. Other variables include quantity and quality r (e.g., system of printed source materials, availability of SME’s and time documentation) involved with system or project. Operator’s Manual Interview users/operators to determine product purpose, New Product: Assumes standard/established boilerplate/template format r (e.g., equipment/ functionality, safety considerations, (if applicable) and operat- 3-5 hours per page - factor extra time (10 hours) to design template if none exist. product operation) ing steps. Write, screen capture, graphic design, (photographs, SME’s must be available and have advanced familiarity with if applicable), edit, index. Existing Product product. Rewrite: 1-4 hours per page Procedure Manual Interview users to determine purpose and procedures. -
Y'all Call It Technical and Professional Communication, We Call It
Y’ALL CALL IT TECHNICAL AND PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION, WE CALL IT #FORTHECULTURE: THE USE OF AMPLIFICATION RHETORICS IN BLACK COMMUNITIES AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR TECHNICAL AND PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION STUDIES by Temptaous T. Mckoy July 2019 Director of Dissertation: Michelle F. Eble Major Department: Department of English This project seeks to define and identify the use of Amplification Rhetorics (AR) in the social movement organization TRAP Karaoke and at three Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs). In highlighting the AR practices in Black communities. This project will provide insight into what these practices and spaces have to offer to the field of Technical and Professional Communication (TPC). AR is a theoretical framework that details the discursive and communicative practices, both written/textual and embodied/performative performed/used by individuals that self-identify as Black and centers the lived experiences and epistemologies of Black people and other historically marginalized groups. AR are #ForTheCulture practices that provoke change within the academy, regardless the field, however for this project I focus on the field of TPC. The phrase “For the Culture,” is used to describe or allude to an action that can benefit those individually or within a community much like TPC artifacts. This project identifies rhetorical practices located in Black spaces and communities that can be identified as TPC through the reclamation of agency, the sharing of narratives, and the inclusion of Black epistemologies. It illustrates just what it means to pass the mic and remind folks that we not ‘bout to act like there aren’t people of color at the TPC table. -
Communication Models and the CMAPP Analysis
CHAPTER 2 Communication Models and the CMAPP Analysis f you want to find out the effect on Vancouver of a two-foot rise in sea level, you wouldn’t try to melt the polar ice cap and then visit ICanada. You’d try to find a computer model that would predict the likely consequences. Similarly, when we study technical communication, we use a model. Transactional Communication Models Various communication models have been developed over the years. Figure 2.1 on the next page shows a simple transactional model, so called to reflect the two-way nature of communication. The model, which in principle works for all types of oral and written communication, has the following characteristics: 1. The originator of the communication (the sender) conveys (trans- mits) it to someone else (the receiver). 2. The transmission vehicle might be face-to-face speech, correspon- dence, telephone, fax, or e-mail. 3. The receiver’s reaction (e.g., body language, verbal or written response)—the feedback—can have an effect on the sender, who may then modify any further communication accordingly. 16 Chapter 2 FIGURE 2.1 A Simple Transactional Model As an example, think of a face-to-face conversation with a friend. As sender, you mention what you think is a funny comment made by another student named Maria. (Note that the basic transmission vehicle here is the sound waves that carry your voice.) As you refer to her, you see your friend’s (the receiver’s) face begin to cloud over, and you remember that your friend and Maria strongly dislike each other. -
Intercom-January-2016.Pdf
January 2016 THE MAGAZINE OF THE SOCIETY FOR TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION learn by yourself learn with others get certified CERTIFICATION AND STC’S CERTIFIED PROFESSIONAL TECHNICAL COMMUNICATOR: WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW 6 CERTIFIED PROFESSIONAL TECHNICAL COMMUNICATOR: THE EXAM AND ITS take the exam online NINE AREAS OF COMPETENCY 10 PATIENT EXPERIENCE DESIGN 12 BUILDING CONTENT CAPACITIES WITHIN NON-PROFITS 16 A TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION USER’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS 20 LEARN WHY THOUSANDS OF COMPANIES ARE MAKING THE SWITCH TO MADCAP SOFTWARE MadCap Flare’s single-sourcing capabilities help us streamline our processes to rapidly deliver the information our customers need for any new product releases.” Pat Holmes-Clark, Team Leader and Specialist Technical Writer | McKesson Health Solutions Largest Healthcare Services Company in the United States Switches to MadCap Flare for Agile Delivery of Online Help and Documentation We were working with multiple Microsoft® Word™ or FrameMaker® files, and it became confusing to try and manage them all. It was extremely time-intensive and inefficient to update these files for each product release.” Lesley Brown, Associate Vice President of Documentation and Training Development | McKesson Health Solutions STREAMLINE YOUR CONTENT DELIVERY WITH THE MADPAK PROFESSIONAL SUITE Everything You Need to Create, Manage and Publish Professional Content MadCap Flare: Industry-leading Authoring, Publishing and Content Management MadCap Controbutor: Contribution and Review for Anyone in Your Organization MadCap Analyzer: Powerful Project Analysis and Reporting MadCap Mimic: Create Fully Interactive Demos, Video Tutorials and Software Simulations MadCap Capture: Screen Capture and Image Editing Made Easy Copyright © 2016, MadCap Software, Inc., and its licensor’s. All rights reserved. -
Healthcare Technical Writer for Interactive Software
Healthcare Technical Writer for Interactive Software ABOUT US We are looking for an outstanding Medical/Technical writer to create highly engaging, interactive health applications. If you are looking to make your mark in a small but a fast-moving health technology company with a position that has autonomy and variety, you could really shine here. For most of our 15 years, Medicom Health Interactive created award-winning educational/marketing software tools for healthcare clients like Novo Nordisk, Novartis, Pfizer, GSK, the NCI, the ADA, and the AHA. Several years ago, we pivoted the company to focus exclusively on our patient engagement products. These products help top-tier healthcare systems with outreach/awareness to new patients. Visit www.medicomhealth.com for more detail. In 3 of the last 4 years, we have earned Minnesota Business Magazine’s “100 Best Companies To Work For” award, and have previously been named to the Minneapolis/St. Paul Business Journal’s “Fast 50” list of Minnesota’s fastest growing companies. Many of our staff have been here 5, 10, and 15 years. We have recently completed our first capital raise and are poised for additional growth. We pride ourselves on the quality of our work, adaptability, independence, cooperation, and a diverse mix of analytical and creative skills. We are seeking candidates who share these values. POSITION OVERVIEW The Healthcare Technical Writer documents the content and logic (no coding or graphic design) for our new and existing health/wellness web applications. This position is responsible for creating and maintaining the content and documentation of our interactive products in collaboration with our UI/UX specialists and Software Applications Developers. -
Technical Documentation Style Guide
KSC-DF-107 Revision F TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION STYLE GUIDE July 8, 2017 Engineering Directorate National Aeronautics and Space Administration John F. Kennedy Space Center KSC FORM 16-12 06/95 (1.0) PREVIOUS EDITIONS MAY BE USED KDP-T-5411_Rev_Basic-1 APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE — DISTRIBUTION IS UNLIMITED KSC-DF-107 Revision F RECORD OF REVISIONS/CHANGES REV CHG LTR NO. DESCRIPTION DATE Basic issue. February 1979 Basic-1 Added Section V, Space Station Project Documentation July 1987 Format and Preparation Guidelines. A General revision incorporating Change 1. March 1988 B General revision incorporating Supplement 1 and the metric August 1995 system of measurement. C Revised all sheets to incorporate simplified document November 15, 2004 formats and align them with automatic word processing software features. D Revised to incorporate an export control sign-off on the April 6, 2005 covers of documents and to remove the revision level designation for NPR 7120.5-compliant project plans. E General revision. August 3, 2015 F General revision and editorial update. July 8, 2017 ii APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE — DISTRIBUTION IS UNLIMITED KSC-DF-107 Revision F CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 1 1.1 Purpose ......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Scope and Application.................................................................................... 1 1.3 Conventions of This Guide ............................................................................