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Etude De Logiciels CAO En Mode SAAS Dans Etude de logiciels CAO en mode SAAS dans le domaine pédagogique de l’enseignement supérieur : Analyse comparative des logiciels Fusion 360 et Onshape Raoudha Gaha, Pierre-Marie Nicolet, Matthieu Bricogne, Benoît Eynard To cite this version: Raoudha Gaha, Pierre-Marie Nicolet, Matthieu Bricogne, Benoît Eynard. Etude de logiciels CAO en mode SAAS dans le domaine pédagogique de l’enseignement supérieur : Analyse comparative des logiciels Fusion 360 et Onshape. 17ème colloque national S-mart AIP-PRIMECA, Université Poly- technique Hauts-de-France [UPHF], Mar 2021, LAVAL VIRTUAL WORLD, France. hal-03296281 HAL Id: hal-03296281 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03296281 Submitted on 22 Jul 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Etude de logiciels CAO en mode SAAS dans le domaine pédagogique de l’enseignement supérieur : Analyse comparative des logiciels Fusion 360 et Onshape Pierre-Marie Nicolet Raoudha Gaha Université de Technologie de Compiègne Université de Technologie de Compiègne Département d’Ingénierie Mécanique, CS 60319, 60203 Laboratoire Roberval, rue du Dr Schweitzer, CS 60319, Compiègne cedex France 60203 Compiègne cedex France [email protected] [email protected] Matthieu Bricogne Benoit Eynard Université de Technologie de Compiègne Université de Technologie de Compiègne Laboratoire Roberval, rue du Dr Schweitzer, CS 60319, Laboratoire Roberval, rue du Dr Schweitzer, CS 60319, 60203 Compiègne cedex France 60203 Compiègne cedex France [email protected] [email protected] Résumé— Les logiciels basés sur le cloud sont de plus en plus Pour étudier la possibilité d’intégrer ce type de logiciel dans le présents, et les logiciels CAO (Conception Assistée par Ordinateur) cursus d’Ingénierie Mécanique à l’Université de Technologie ne font pas exception. Ainsi, les éditeurs de ces logiciels conçoivent de Compiègne, une analyse basée sur les fonctionnalités de nouveaux logiciels basés sur le cloud, et plus précisément, sur le transmises aux étudiants, dans l’unité de valeur (UV) de mode SAAS (Software as A Service), qui est un type de cloud modélisation géométrique (TN20 - fournissant au client une solution quasiment “clé en main“, ce qui signifie que le fournisseur gère tout ce qui entoure le logiciel (les https://moodle.utc.fr/enrol/index.php?id=69), habituellement mises à jour, les données, …). Ce type de logiciel présente divers par l’usage des logiciels classiques tels que Catia et Creo, a été avantages, que ce soit pour l’ingénieur qui utilise le logiciel, faite sur les logiciels CAO en mode SAAS Fusion 360 et notamment au niveau de la collaboration, que pour l’entité qui Onshape. Cette étude permettra d’analyser, d’évaluer et achète ce service (réduction du coût de maintenance, …). Afin de comparer les possibilités offertes par les logiciels CAO en répondre à ces nouvelles technologies, les universités doivent mode SAAS et d’en regarder l’implémentation dans un cadre former les étudiants. Aussi, une comparaison de logiciels CAO en éducatif tel que celui de l’UTC. Pour ce faire, nous avons, mode SAAS permet de définir les avantages et les limites de ces d’abord, réalisé une revue de littérature sur l’étude des logiciels. solutions basées sur le cloud dans les universités formant des Mots-clés— CAO, Onshape, Fusion360, SAAS, Education ingénieurs. Cette étude bibliographique qui nous a permis d’extraire certains critères à prendre en considération dans I. INTRODUCTION notre analyse ainsi que de connaître les avantages et les Les outils informatiques basés sur le cloud sont de plus en inconvénients des logiciels en mode SAAS et de les comparer plus présents, et ce, dans une multitude de domaines. Le cloud à notre expérimentation sur les deux logiciels CAO en mode présente divers avantages, tant pour le fournisseur que pour le SAAS (Fusion 360 et Onshape), dans la troisième section. Une client. Cette transformation s’inscrit dans le développement de discussion des résultats de l’analyse est menée dans la l’industrie 4.0, dans laquelle on peut noter une certaine quatrième section, qui est suivie par une conclusion de l’étude tendance à utiliser l’Internet des Objets (IoT). Les logiciels présentée dans la cinquième section. CAO sont aussi sujets à ces transformations, et les éditeurs développent des logiciels basés sur le cloud, et plus II. REVUE BIBLIOGRAPHIQUE précisément, basés sur le mode SAAS (Software As A A. Travaux connexes Service). Les logiciels CAO en mode SAAS sont, par exemple, Fusion 360, Onshape (accessible directement via un navigateur L'expérimentation de logiciels cloud ne date pas web traditionnel), ou encore la 3D Experience (qui est une d’aujourd’hui. Plusieurs universités ont déjà essayé plateforme en mode SAAS mais qui demande l’installation l'implémentation de ces technologies dans le domaine de d’un client lourd pour certaines fonctionnalités). Ces logiciels l'ingénierie, dans le cadre d’une collaboration via PLM présentent des spécificités, notamment sur la gestion des (Product Lifecycle Management) ([1], [2] et [3]), la données et de la collaboration, et demandent donc une conception ([4] et [5]) ou encore pour l’ingénierie formation spécifique. collaborative [6]. Dans le développement de produits, il est 17e Colloque National S-mart 1/7 Du 31 mars au 2 avril 2021 évident que les logiciels CAO jouent un rôle majeur dans la logiciels CAO et du nombre de comparaisons qui ont été faites, conception des produits. Aujourd'hui, la complexité des il est difficile de déterminer une évaluation particulière. Pour systèmes ne cesse d’augmenter, de ce fait, les ingénieurs sont cela, Galimova [10] a présenté un tableau récapitulatif des confrontés à de nouveaux problèmes tels que le conflit de avantages et des inconvénients, pour développer une méthode versions, les coûts du matériel et des licences lors de facilitant le choix dans les tests à faire sur un logiciel CAO. De l'utilisation de logiciels CAO traditionnels. Le cloud peut être cette étude on a considéré le critère de compatibilité qu’on a une solution à ces problèmes. En revanche, la capacité des appelé « conversion ». Wu, Terpenny et Schaefer [11] ont logiciels CAO basés sur le cloud pose toujours question. C'est présenté un guide permettant aux clients commerciaux de pourquoi de nombreuses recherches sont développées afin choisir la solution cloud la plus appropriée, ou de l'utiliser d’évaluer et comparer les logiciels CAO traditionnels et ceux pendant tout le processus de développement du produit. Ce basés sur le cloud. Junk et Kuen [7] ont présenté une revue des guide a été créé à partir de l'état de l'art qu'ils ont réalisé sur les logiciels CAO open source et freeware (comme Autodesk logiciels et services de conception et de fabrication basés sur le FreeCAD, SketchUp et Onshape pour la conception cloud. Ils ont évalué le rôle du cloud dans la conception, mécanique, OpensCAD et RepoCAD pour la programmation et l'analyse technique, la fabrication et la production, et ont Blender pour la conception créative). Ils les ont comparés d'un conclu aux possibilités ainsi qu’aux avantages offerts par ces point de vue scientifique et ils se sont basés sur deux critères : logiciels. Ils ont, ensuite, développé une liste de critères la facilité d'utilisation et les possibilités offertes par les permettant de sélectionner le système CBDM (Cloud-Based fonctions du logiciel, avec un facteur de pondération. Ce qui Design and Manufacturing) le plus approprié. Dans un cadre nous permet de dégager un premier avantage qui est la facilité pédagogique, des étudiants de l'Université de Kaiserslautern d’utilisation et nous conduit vers l’utilisation des critères ont essayé Onshape. Ils en ont déduit qu’Onshape est très « Intuitivité » et « prise en main ». Rassovytska et Striuk [8] pratique pour le travail collaboratif, car il offre une meilleure ont comparé plus de 30 services de cloud et applications gestion de données. Ils ont obtenu des résultats complets, car mobiles différents. Ils se sont basés sur l'activité toutes les informations étaient déjà dans la base de données. professionnelle d’ingénieurs en mécanique ainsi que sur leur Toutes ces recherches montrent l’importance et l'intérêt utilisation dans l'enseignement supérieur. Les plus célèbres croissant des logiciels basés sur le cloud. Dans la section d'entre eux sont A360, Fusion 360, GstarCAD, DWG suivante, nous avons déterminé les avantages et les limites de FastView-CAD Viewer, Pockets CAD, 3D CAD Models tels logiciels dans le domaine éducatif. Engineering, CAD Assistant, Onshape, GrabCAD, GnaCAD. B. Les avantages et les limites des logiciels CAO basés sur le Les principaux critères de sélection sont : les fonctionnalités, cloud dans le domaine éducatif : les possibilités offertes par le logiciel, la facilité d’accès à partir de différents appareils, la possibilité d’interaction avec d'autres Dans un contexte éducatif, les logiciels CAO en mode SAAS logiciels, et la prise en charge de la collaboration. Ceci nous a présentent des avantages tels que : permis de considérer deux autres critères de comparaison : · Les modèles 3D et les visualisations sont pris en charge par l’accessibilité et la collaboration. les navigateurs, ce qui permet l’utilisation du logiciel sur Le [9] a fait l’étude de deux logiciels de modélisation n'importe quel ordinateur (ou appareil) [6]. géométrique : Solidworks et Onshape. L’étude est basée sur les · Les fichiers de travail sont remplacés par des documents méthodes d'analyse SWOT et AHP, afin d'avoir une stockés sur le cloud comparaison rationnelle.
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