A Vague Survey of Some Influential Writing
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A VAGUE SURVEY OF SOME INFLUENTIAL WRITING Compiled by J. L. Herrera DEDICATED TO: Lance and Lucyna ‘Nina’ Clarke AND WITH THANKS TO: Cheryl Perriman, Rose Brown, Ken Herrera, Betty Bamford, Ellen Naef, Grant Finlay, Marie-France Sagot, Ken Carroll, Global Learning Centre. INTRODUCTION When the idea for this book first came to me I was tempted to dismiss it. Important books were things like Karl Marx’s Das Kapital or the writings of Isaac Newton. Important, yes, but not really things I wanted to sit down and struggle with. Not the sort of light and easy reading I prefer. But then I began to think on the books and writings that perhaps had limited fame but still managed to influence people. Might they not be more interesting? Surely there were quirky things out there that would be fun to dig up? Or things forgotten now but influential in their moment? So, very slowly, I began to take note of things other people mentioned as being influential to someone somewhere down through the centuries. It makes no claims to being a comprehensive list but it was fun to put together and I hope it might be interesting to read. And influence is a curious, even at times an alarming thing. Would history have been different if someone hadn’t written or published or read a certain book? It was a thought which was both exhilarating and worrying. Because—what are we now reading and being influenced by? So here is a book which I hope will be utterly without influence. J. L. Herrera Hobart 2017 I was tempted to write about the many climate and environmental crises facing us but the sad thing was I couldn’t think of a book which had influenced people enough to change their ways. So here is a cry from the heart published 50 years ago, in 1967: “What is going to check our Rake’s Progress – our expansionary exuberance – is the carrying capacity of the earth’s atmosphere, the exhaustion of the regenerative powers of its soil, the frailty of its ozone mantle, the extinction of life in its oceans.” E. J. Mishan in The Costs of Economic Growth. 2 A VAGUE SURVEY OF SOME INFLUENTIAL WRITING January 1: Maria Edgeworth January 2: Isaac Asimov January 3: J. R. R. Tolkien January 4: Jacob Grimm January 5: Umberto Eco January 6: Kahlil Gibran January 7: Nikola Tesla (d) * * * * * Keith Tutt in The Scientist, the Madman, the Thief and their Lightbulb looks at some of the people who have hoped to discover clean cheap energy from such sources as cold fusion, radiant energy, vacuum energy, gravity, magnetism, the energies both within the earth and in space, and one of the most interesting was Nikola Tesla who came up with Alternating Current (AC). Born in Croatia he was a child prodigy with a photographic memory and super hearing and a passion for invention. He was born in a thunderstorm to a priest father and a weaver mother but he rejected his father’s wish that he study theology and asked to be allowed to study engineering. He emigrated to the United States where he took out dozens of patents. But he was often unlucky and overlooked. Tutt writes, “Many of Tesla’s discoveries and inventions are often mistakenly attributed to better-known names. While most lay people still believe that Marconi perfected the transmission and reception of radio waves, there is no longer reason to believe this: in June 1943 the US Supreme Court ruled that Tesla’s patents predated Marconi’s claims on the prize of radio. Popular history is, though, still slow to catch up. Errors committed in print can take many years to correct. The just do not always get to write the history books, and even during his lifetime Tesla became an object of ridicule and derision for his ‘outlandish ideas’. “There were times when he may have contributed to this — for instance when he agreed with Lord Kelvin in 1902 that Mars was trying to make contact with America. (It is now believed he may have been the first person to have measured — without realizing its origin — the pulsing of distant stars.) However, Kelvin and Tesla also agreed on a further, more prophetic point: that the world’s non-renewable resources — such as coal and oil — should be conserved and that wind and solar power should be developed.” “Eventually on 7 January 1943 Tesla ended his days, alone and poor, in a shabby New York hotel where only a few pet pigeons shared his thoughts.” If people, then, did not take very much notice of Tesla—has that changed in the half century since he put forward his ‘outlandish ideas’? My impression is that his ideas are being re-evaluated. But was he a misunderstood genius? A mad scientist? A crackpot? A man with good ideas but extremely difficult to deal with? Did he have some condition, such as autism or aspergers, which made him better with figures or technical ideas than people? Was he awkward, antisocial, belligerent, impatient, chaotic, in his relationships with people? Some of his statements might suggest this: “I don’t care that they stole my idea … I care that they don’t have any of their own.” “I have by every thought and act of mine, demonstrated, and do so daily, to my absolute satisfaction that I am an automaton endowed with the power of movement, which merely responds to external stimuli.” 3 “That is the trouble with many inventors: they lack patience. They lack the willingness to work a thing out slowly and clearly and sharply in their mind, so that they can actually ‘feel it work.’ ” Implying that others are thieves and morons, telling people they are little better than wind-up toys—if these were a representative sample of his statements then I am not surprised that he neither made friends nor got the Establishment on side … And his long-running quarrel over electric currents, what was called the War of the Currents, with Thomas Edison, probably didn’t help. Edison believed in DC, Direct Current, and Tesla in AC, Alternating Current, and Edison was the darling of the Establishment in a way that Tesla never was. But AC was accepted and became a part of our lives. He would not be the first brilliant scientist who failed to get his ideas accepted. And the fact that he died alone suggests that he had not developed romances or friendships to sustain him through his last years. But Richard Galland in The Nikola Tesla Puzzle Collection says, “Tesla could often be seen feeding the pigeons, which he referred to as “my only friends”. His fondness for one pigeon in particular bordered on romantic affection.” And Tesla himself said, “I loved that pigeon as a man loves a woman, and she loved me. As long as I had her, there was a purpose to my life.” Still, difficult or not, it shouldn’t stop us recognizing him as the ‘Father of Radio’. * * * * * January 8: Wilkie Collins January 9: Simone de Beauvoir January 10: Paul Bennett January 11: Alan Paton William James January 12: Jack London Charles Perrault Edmund Burke Johann Pestalozzi January 13: A. B. Guthrie January 14: J. F. (John Feltham) Archibald * * * * * “In 1880 journalists John Haynes and John Feltham Archibald founded The Bulletin, a political and literary weekly journal which soon became known for its strongly nationalistic ideals. The slogan ‘Australia for the Australians’ appeared on its cover, to be replaced by ‘Australia for the White Man’ in 1908 and until 1960. By the 1890s The Bulletin was promoted as ‘the premier literary journal’, and editor J. F. Archibald encouraged contributors to write in a no-nonsense way using distinctively Australian subject matter. Bush ballads and poetry and stories of the pioneering life predominated. Banjo Paterson, Henry Lawson, Steele Rudd and Harry (Breaker) Morant were among the early published writers. They represented colonial life in realistic, romantic and comic modes through the characters of the drover, the horseman, the selector and the swagman. The famous Red Page of literary contributions was created by critic A. G. Stephens and was known for its fiery irreverence.” I can’t remember from where I copied that but it is a good introduction to what was once a staple of reading in Australia. * * * * * J. F. Archibald founded The Bulletin with John Haynes and made, so we mostly believe, an enduring Australian paper which influenced people everywhere around the continent. Is this so? I have just been reading Sylvia Lawson’s interesting The Archibald Paradox. The Bulletin actually started under the auspices of the Catholic Church’s own printing interests. This didn’t last long. But the new paper was unclear just where to position itself for some time, perhaps for all time. It was anti-Chinese, anti-hanging, anti-monarchist 4 and to some extent anti-British (and pro-Boer), anti-suffrage for much of its early life and by extension rather misogynist. It eventually put aside its republicanism in favour of Federation. Some of the paradoxes were of Archibald’s own making. He promoted the idea that his name was Jules François Archibald and that he was of French Jewish extraction. He put this name on his will and on his marriage form where he scrupulously avoided putting down his father’s name. Joseph Patrick Archibald would not persuade anyone he was a Frenchman or a Jew. Of course J. F. could call himself anything he wanted but the fake background was rather more problematical.