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Informasi Terseleksi No. 7 Perpustakaan Balai Besar

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Informasi Terseleksi No. 7 Perpustakaan Balai Besar INFORMASI TERSELEKSI NO. 7 PERPUSTAKAAN BALAI BESAR PENELITIAN VETERINER 2019 (Bakteriologi, Parasitologi, Toksikologi, Virologi) Bakteriologi 1 Rodríguez-lópez, P., Bernárdez, M., Rodríguez-herrera, J. J., Comesaña, Á. S., & Cabo, M. L. (2019). Identification and metagenetic characterisation of Listeria monocytogenes - harbouring communities present in food-related industrial environments. Food Control, 95(July 2018), 6–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.07.023 Abstract The main aim of this study was to localise, identify and characterise the Listeria monocytogenes- harbouring bacterial communities present in food related premises via 16S rRNA gene metagenetic analysis. With this scope, 319 environmental samples coming from a wide variety of surfaces of fish (n=120), meat (n=80) and dairy industries (n=119), were firstly analysed following ISO 11290–1 and ISO 11290–2 norms. Direct L. mono-cytogenes quantification was possible in 9 samples (2.8%) with values between 2.00 and 3.97 log CFU/cm2. After enrichment, an overall L. monocytogenes incidence of 12.54% (n=40) was obtained, being samples from meat industry the most contaminated. Molecular serotyping assays showed that most of the isolates belonged to 1/2b- 3b-7 subgroup, followed by 1/2a-3a and 1/2c-3c. These results combined with AscI and ApaI PFGE macro-restriction patterns, yielded 7 different L. monocytogenes clusters. Nevertheless, no clear ecological relationships could be stablished. High amounts of L. monocytogenes-associated psychrotrophic microbiota were obtained in all cases with values above 9 log CFU/cm2 in some cases. Metagenetic analysis of one representative sample per each food industry type (fish, meat, dairy) demonstrated that Actinobacteria (53.16%) was mostly present in the meat sample whereas Proteobacteria was the most representative phylum in dairy (69.58%) and fish (97.11%) samples. Subsequent operational taxonomic units (OTUs) analysis, showed a wide variety of taxa associated with L. monocytogenes such as spoilage-associated genera (e.g. Psyschromonas or Shewanella), lactic acid bacteria genera (e.g. Lactococcus or Lactobacillus) or pathogenic species such as Yersinia enterocolitica. It was thus de- monstrated, that L. monocytogenes is capable to both survive with different bacteria in different ecological niches, highlighting once more the need for proper surveillance schedules so as to guarantee the safety of the food products. 2 Hudson, J. C., Tolen, T. N., Kirsch, K. R., Acuff, G., Taylor, T. M., Lucia, L. M., & Castillo, A. (2019). Comparison of Antimicrobial Treatments Applied via Conventional or Handheld Electrostatic Spray To Reduce Shiga Toxin – Producing Escherichia coli on Chilled Beef Outside Rounds, 82(5), 862–868. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-18-399 Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of different antimicrobial interventions applied via either conventional spray (CS) or handheld electrostatic spray (ESS) to reduce Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) on fresh beef surfaces. Hot-boned outside rounds (ORs) were inoculated within 1 h after harvest with a cocktail of eight isolates consisting of 8 O157 and non-O157 serogroups of STEC (STEC8). ORs were hung on sterile meat hooks at 40C for 36 h to simulate a contaminated full carcass side in the chiller. ORs were then treated with lactic acid (LA; 4.5%, w/v), 3.0% lauric arginate ester (LAE), 0.8% cetylpyridinium chloride, 200 mg/L peracetic acid, 3 mg/L chlorine dioxide, 5 mg/L ClO2, or tap water by using CS or ESS. Temperatures of LA and peracetic acid were set at 55 and 420C before spraying, whereas all other solutions were applied at room temperature (250C). Pretreatment and posttreatment STEC8-inoculated beef tissue samples were aseptically collected to evaluate the efficacy of interventions by application method (CS or ESS). LA applied with CS achieved the greatest reduction in STEC8 numbers (3.3 log CFU/cm2) compared with all other treatments: 0.2 log CFU/cm2 (tap water) to 2.3 log CFU/cm2 (LAE). Only for LA did a significant difference arise in mean STEC8 reductions between CS and ESS applications (3.2 versus 1.7 log CFU/cm2, respectively). Among the treatments applied with ESS, LAE produced the greatest reduction of STEC8. Antimicrobial interventions applied via conventional wand or cabinet-applied technologies can reduce the O157 and non-O157 STEC on fresh beef carcass surfaces, reducing transmission to beef consumers. 3 Donaghy, J. A., Jagadeesan, B., Goodburn, K., Grunwald, L., Jensen, O. V. E. N., Jespers, A. D., … Quentin, M. (2019). Relationship of Sanitizers , Disinfectants , and Cleaning Agents with Antimicrobial Resistance, Journal ofFood Protection, Vol. 82, No. 5, 2019, Pages 889–902. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-18-373 Abstract Sanitizers, disinfectants, and cleaning agents are vital to food hygiene assurance and are a major public health protection measure. Limiting microbial antibiotic resistance is also a global public health priority. Although many factors contribute to the rise in antimicrobial resistance in bacteria infecting humans, antibiotic use in both human clinical settings and for food- producing animals are primary contributors. Some concerns have been raised about the possibility of coselection between food hygiene chemicals and reduced antimicrobial susceptibility. This article reviews available evidence from individual studies purporting to demonstrate a possible risk of antimicrobial resistance development, following biocide usage. Furthermore, the conclusions of several key expert reports and meta-analysis publications were assessed for supportive evidence of a relationship between biocide usage in food production and resistance development. Although many studies report on the isolation of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial strains in food, evidence is lacking on the attribution of this resistance to biocide usage. Also, although a theoretical risk of causality exists, many of the studies performed to demonstrate this are in vitro studies using laboratory-grown or -trained bacterial isolates, challenged with sublethal (below the recommended food industry) disinfectant or sanitizing agent concentrations. The proper use of, and adherence to biocide manufacturer‟s instruction for use, and the avoidance of biocide active agent dilution (e.g., through biofilm presence) must be ensured in food production environments. It is recommended that in situ studies should be performed to further assess causality, ensured a clear differentiation between interpretation of stable antimicrobial resistance and phenotypic adaptation. Furthermore, authorization of new biocidal active substances should take a scientific and risk-based approach regarding the potential for driving microbial resistance. 4 Interest, G. (2019). Response to Questions Posed by the Food and Drug Administration Regarding Virulence Factors and Attributes that Define Foodborne Shiga Toxin – Producing Escherichia coli (STEC) as Severe Human Pathogens, Journal of Food Protection, Vol. 82, No. 5, 2019, Pages 724–767. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-18-479 5 Ateya, A. I., & Arafat, N. (2019). Intestinal gene expressions in broiler chickens infected with Escherichia coli and dietary supplemented with probiotic, acidifier and symbiotic. Veterinary Research Communications (2019) 43:131–142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-019-09753-z Abstract In this study, we investigated the effects of probiotic, acidifier and synbiotic supplementation on growth performance, mortality rate, intestinal gene expressions, fecal shedding, and organs colonization induced by Escherichia coli in broiler chickens. Six experimental groups were included; negative control group (NC), positive control group (PC), probiotic group (PR), acidifier group (AC), synbiotic group (SY) and colistin sulfate group (CS). Chickens in groups NC and PC were fed a basal diet, while chickens in groups PR, AC, SY, and CS were fed a basal diet containing probiotic, acidifier, synbiotic and colistin sulfate, respectively from the 1st day to the 28th day of age. At 7 days of age, all groups (not NC) were orally challenged with 0.5 ml (1.0 × 109 CFU/ml) E. coli O78. The dietary supplementation of acidifier and synbiotic were sufficient to quell the devastating effects of E. coli infection in broilers. Growth performances represented by body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were significantly improved as well as, mortalities were prevented whilst the ileal pro-inflammatory gene expressions (IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, TLR-4, IFN-γ, LITAF, AvBD-2, and AvBD-9) were significantly downregulated and the anti-inflammatory cyto-kine (IL-10) was significantly increased. In addition, E. coli fecal shedding and organs colonization was significantly diminished. It was concluded that the addition of both acidifier and synbiotic to the diet of broilers infected with E. coli could modulate the intestinal inflammatory responses induced by E. coli infection and minimized the inflammation-induced damage which resulted in improvement in growth performance, prevention of mortalities and reduction of E. coli environmental contamination. 6 Kumar, S., Kumar, S., Singh, R. V., Chauhan, A., Kumar, A., Sulabh, S., & Bharati, J. (2019). Genetic association of polymorphisms in bovine TLR2 and TLR4 genes with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in Indian cattle population. Veterinary Research Communications (2019) 43:105–114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-019-09750-2 Abstract
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