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Rišimo Būdu Laikomų Šunų Gerovės Vertinimas Welfare Assessment of Chained Dogs

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Rišimo Būdu Laikomų Šunų Gerovės Vertinimas Welfare Assessment of Chained Dogs LIETUVOS SVEIKATOS MOKSLŲ UNIVERSITETAS VETERINARIJOS AKADEMIJA Veterinarijos fakultetas Remigija Pliskauskaitė Rišimo būdu laikomų šunų gerovės vertinimas Welfare Assessment of Chained Dogs Veterinarinės medicinos vientisųjų studijų MAGISTRO BAIGIAMASIS DARBAS Darbo vadovas: Lekt. dr. Jūratė Kučinskienė Kaunas, 2017 DARBAS ATLIKTAS MAISTO SAUGOS IR KOKYBĖS KATEDROJE PATVIRTINIMAS APIE ATLIKTO DARBO SAVARANKIŠKUMĄ Patvirtinu, kad įteikiamas magistro baigiamasis darbas „Rišimo būdu laikomų šunų gerovės vertinimas“. 1. Yra atliktas mano pačios. 2. Nebuvo naudotas kitame universitete Lietuvoje ir užsienyje. 3. Nenaudojau šaltinių, kurie nėra nurodyti darbe, ir pateikiu visą naudotos literatūros sąrašą. Remigija Pliskauskaitė (data) (autoriaus vardas, pavardė) (parašas) PATVIRTINIMAS APIE ATSAKOMYBĘ UŽ LIETUVIŲ KALBOS TAISYKLINGUMĄ ATLIKTAME DARBE Patvirtinu lietuvių kalbos taisyklingumą atliktame darbe. Remigija Pliskauskaitė (data) (autoriaus vardas, pavardė) (parašas) MAGISTRO BAIGIAMOJO DARBO VADOVO IŠVADA DĖL DARBO GYNIMO Lekt. dr. Jūratė Kučinskienė (data) (darbo vadovo vardas, pavardė) (parašas) MAGISTRO BAIGIAMASIS DARBAS APROBUOTAS KATEDROJE (KLINIKOJE) Prof. Mindaugas Malakauskas (aprobacijos data) (katedros (klinikos) vedėjo (-os) (parašas) vardas, pavardė) Magistro baigiamojo darbo recenzentai 1) 2) (vardas, pavardė) (parašai) Magistro baigiamųjų darbų gynimo komisijos įvertinimas: (data) (gynimo komisijos sekretorės (-iaus) vardas, pavardė) (parašas) 2 TURINYS SANTRAUKA .................................................................................................................................... 5 SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................ 6 SANTRUMPOS ................................................................................................................................. 7 ĮVADAS .............................................................................................................................................. 8 1. Literatūros apžvalga ................................................................................................................... 10 1.1. Gyvūnų gerovė ir ją reglamentuojantys dokumentai ........................................................ 10 1.1.1. Gyvūnų gerovė ................................................................................................................ 10 1.1.2. Gyvūnų gerovė Europos Sąjungoje ......................................................................... 10 1.1.3. Gyvūnų gerovė Lietuvoje .......................................................................................... 12 1.2. Gyvūnų gerovės vertinimas .................................................................................................. 13 1.2.1. Gerovės vertinimo kriterijai .......................................................................................... 13 1.2.2. Gyvūnas ........................................................................................................................... 14 1.2.3. Aplinka ............................................................................................................................ 16 1.2.4. Elgesys ............................................................................................................................. 18 1.2.5. Fizinis krūvis ................................................................................................................... 20 1.2.6. Mityba ............................................................................................................................. 21 1.2.7. Sveikata ........................................................................................................................... 22 2. Tyrimo metodai ........................................................................................................................... 25 2.1. Klausimynas .......................................................................................................................... 25 2.2. Šunų sveikatingumo įvertinimas ......................................................................................... 26 3. Tyrimo rezultatai ......................................................................................................................... 28 3.1. Anketavimas .......................................................................................................................... 28 3.1.1. Tiriamųjų grupė ............................................................................................................. 28 3.1.2. Fizinis krūvis ................................................................................................................... 29 3.1.3. Aplinka ............................................................................................................................ 29 3.1.5. Šėrimas ............................................................................................................................ 31 3.1.6. Elgesys ............................................................................................................................. 32 3.1.7. Sveikata ........................................................................................................................... 33 3.2. Parazitologinis tyrimas ......................................................................................................... 35 3.3. Kraujo tyrimai ...................................................................................................................... 35 3.3.1. Kraujo morfologiniai tyrimai ........................................................................................ 35 3.3.2. Kraujo biocheminiai tyrimai ......................................................................................... 38 4. Rezultatų aptarimas .................................................................................................................... 40 3 IŠVADOS ......................................................................................................................................... 42 LITERATŪROS SĄRAŠAS ........................................................................................................... 43 4 SANTRAUKA Rišimo būdu laikomų šunų gerovės vertinimas Remigija Pliskauskaitė Magistro baigiamasis darbas Gyvūnų augintinių gerovė priklauso nuo jiems suteikiamų laikymo sąlygų bei galimybės patenkinti fiziologinius ir psichologinius poreikius. Rišimo būdu laikomų šunų gerovės vertinimas buvo atliekamas nuo 2016 m. rugsėjo mėn. iki 2017 m. liepos mėn. Pagal sukurtą anketą vertinta ar įvykdyti Lietuvos Respublikos teisės aktuose nurodyti reikalavai, laikant šunis pririšus. Taip pat analizuotas fiziologinių ir psichologinių poreikių tenkinimas. Tyrimo metu įvertintas sveikatingumas – atlikti parazitologiniai bei kraujo morfologiniai ir biocheminiai tyrimai. Nustatyta, kad rišimo būdu laikomų šunų fiziologiniai ir psichologiniai poreikiai nėra visiškai patenkinti, o laikymo sąlygos dalinai atitinka Lietuvos Respublikos teisės aktuose nustatytus reikalavimus. Nei vienas šuo negauna reikiamo fizinio krūvio, ne visų šunų laikymo vietos apsaugotos nuo nepalankių oro sąlygų, priėjimą prie šviežio vandens turi 70 proc. šunų. Psichologiniai poreikiai taip pat nėra patenkinami ir tai atsispindi šunų agresyviame elgesyje. Šunų sveikata nėra gera, 70 proc. tiriamųjų turi ektoparazitų - blusų, vienas tiriamasis ir endoparazitų – agurkinį kaspinuotį Dipylidium caninum. Kraujo morfologiniai ir biocheminiai tyrimai rodo, kad normas atitiko tik vieno tiriamojo šuns kraujo parametrai. Kraujo morfologinių parametrų normos ribas atitiko 15 proc. tiriamųjų. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad leukocitų (WBC) normos ribas viršijo 30 proc. tiriamųjų, eritrocitų (RBC) rodiklis 10 proc. tiriamųjų buvo žemiau normos, o 45 proc. virš normos. Trombocitų (PLT) normos ribų nesiekė 60 proc. tiriamųjų. Kraujo biocheminių parametrų normos ribas atitiko 50 proc. tiriamųjų. Virš normos ribų buvo 35 proc. tiriamųjų šarminė fosfatazė (ŠF) ir bendras baltymas (TP). Raktažodžiai: vertinimas, šunų gerovė, įstatymai, sveikata. 5 SUMMARY Welfare Assessment of Chained Dogs Remigija Pliskauskaitė Master‘s Thesis Animal welfare depends on conditions they are kept in and opportunity to satisfy their physiological and psychological needs. Welfare assessment of chained dogs carried out since September 2016 till July 2017. It was estimated if people keep their chained dogs under conditions stated in Lithuanian laws according to developed questionnaire. It was also analysed physiological and psychological needs. Health was estimated by the tests of parasytes and blood. It was assessed that physiological and psychological needs are not fulfilled and keeping conditions do not fit Lithuanian laws. None of the dogs get exercise, not all dogs have opportunity to hide from bad wheather. Fresh water is available for 70% of all dogs. Psychological needs are not fulfilled and this reflects in aggressive behavior. Health is not good, 70% dogs had fleas and one dog had tapeworm Dipylidium caninum. Blood tests also show health problems. According to morphological and biochemical blood tests only one dog was completely health. Blood morphology test showed that 15% dogs were healthy. Test showed that 30% dogs had their white blood cells (WBC) above norm. Red blood cells (RBC) were above norm to 45% dogs and 10% up to norm. Thrombocytes (PLT) were up to norm
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