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WAR Director Willem Kieft by 1644, When the Classis Decided Yet Again
CHAPTER THIRTEEN WAR Director Willem Kieft By 1644, when the classis decided yet again to postpone a verdict in the Dinclagen case until Bogardus came to Holland, a new con ict had arisen that made it desirable for the minister to report in person. He now had serious problems with the director himself. After the dismissal of Wouter van Twiller in 1637, Willem Kieft had been appointed director of New Netherland. Few men in history have made such a bad name for themselves as Kieft, the “William the Testy” of Washington Irving’s History of New York (1809), stigmatized as the author of “Kieft’s War.” Born in Amsterdam in August 1602, Willem Kieft was the young- est son of Gerrit Willemsz, merchant in the Baltic area who lived on the Oudeschans (Old Sconce), and Machteld Huydecoper, daughter of the councilor and alderman Jan Jacobsz Bal, alias Huydecoper.1 Machteld’s younger half-brother Joan Huydecoper (1599–1661) would later become one of the richest and most prominent burgomasters of Amsterdam’s Golden Age. On his father’s side Willem was closely related to the Pauw family, another powerful clan of merchants, councilors, and burgomasters of old Amsterdam.2 Adriaen Pauw (1585–1653), an ambitious and versatile politician who served as grand pensionary of Holland in 1631–1636 and again in 1651–1653, was his second cousin. 1 All the archival sources on Kieft’s origin and background have been processed, und current errors have been corrected in Willem Frijhoff, ‘Neglected networks: Director Willem Kieft (1602–1647) and his Dutch relatives’, in: Joyce D. -
The Complexities Found, As Well As Insights Gained, from The
Kelly Ann Kolodny, “The Complexities Found, as Well as Insights gained, From the Identification of a Birthplace of Free Public Education: The Case of Rehoboth, Massachusetts” Historical Journal of Massachusetts Volume 35, No. 2 (Summer 2007). Published by: Institute for Massachusetts Studies and Westfield State University You may use content in this archive for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the Historical Journal of Massachusetts regarding any further use of this work: [email protected] Funding for digitization of issues was provided through a generous grant from MassHumanities. Some digitized versions of the articles have been reformatted from their original, published appearance. When citing, please give the original print source (volume/ number/ date) but add "retrieved from HJM's online archive at http://www.westfield.ma.edu/mhj. The Complexities Found, as Well as Insights Gained, From the Identification of a Birthplace of Free Public Education: The Case of Rehoboth, Massachusetts By Kelly Ann Kolodny The debate over when and where free public education began in the United States continues to demand attention. Understandably, this is a complicated debate that entails reflection on what free public education means, consideration of how one could identify the birth of this activity, and difference of opinions regarding who should be credited for this large, powerful and conflicted undertaking. In the midst of this deliberation, rest communities which claim to hold the credit to be the birthplace of free public education, one of which is the small agricultural town of Rehoboth, Massachusetts. Though such community claims often are dismissed as celebratory in nature, there are important reasons to warrant their consideration. -
The English Take Control DIFFERENTIATING INSTRUCTION
CHAPTER 3 • SECTION 4 New Netherland As you read in Chapter 2, in the early 1600s the Dutch built the colony of New Netherland along the Hudson River in what is now New York State. The colony’s largest town, New Amsterdam, was founded on Manhattan Island in 1625. New Amsterdam was built to defend the Dutch More About . West India Company’s fur trading settlements along the Hudson River. Peter Stuyvesant, the colony’s governor, expanded New Netherland by Religious Refugees taking over the nearby colony of New Sweden in 1655. The Swedes had settled the land along the Delaware River in 1638. in Pennsylvania The Dutch West India Company set up the patroon system to attract more In England, thousands of Quakers went settlers. A patroon was a person who brought 50 settlers to New Netherland. to jail for their beliefs, especially after As a reward, a patroon received a large land grant. He also received hunting, Charles II gained the throne in 1660. fishing, and fur trading privileges. The patroon system brought great wealth Some made their way to Maryland and to the colony’s elite. Massachusetts in the 1650s, but after The social system also included many slaves. Although their lives were William Penn founded a Quaker colony in harsh, they enjoyed some rights of movement and property ownership. 1681, many more arrived. A Tolerant Society In the 17th century the Netherlands had one of the Besides Quakers, several other small religious most tolerant societies in Europe. Dutch settlers brought this religious toleration to their colony. -
The Sources of the Christmas Interpolations in J. S. Bach's Magnificat in E-Flat Major (BWV 243A)*
The Sources of the Christmas Interpolations in J. S. Bach's Magnificat in E-flat Major (BWV 243a)* By Robert M. Cammarota Apart from changes in tonality and instrumentation, the two versions of J. S. Bach's Magnificat differ from each other mainly in the presence offour Christmas interpolations in the earlier E-flat major setting (BWV 243a).' These include newly composed settings of the first strophe of Luther's lied "Vom Himmel hoch, da komm ich her" (1539); the last four verses of "Freut euch und jubiliert," a celebrated lied whose origin is unknown; "Gloria in excelsis Deo" (Luke 2:14); and the last four verses and Alleluia of "Virga Jesse floruit," attributed to Paul Eber (1570).2 The custom of troping the Magnificat at vespers on major feasts, particu larly Christmas, Easter, and Pentecost, was cultivated in German-speaking lands of central and eastern Europe from the 14th through the 17th centu ries; it continued to be observed in Leipzig during the first quarter of the 18th century. The procedure involved the interpolation of hymns and popu lar songs (lieder) appropriate to the feast into a polyphonic or, later, a con certed setting of the Magnificat. The texts of these interpolations were in Latin, German, or macaronic Latin-German. Although the origin oftroping the Magnificat is unknown, the practice has been traced back to the mid-14th century. The earliest examples of Magnifi cat tropes occur in the Seckauer Cantional of 1345.' These include "Magnifi cat Pater ingenitus a quo sunt omnia" and "Magnificat Stella nova radiat. "4 Both are designated for the Feast of the Nativity.' The tropes to the Magnificat were known by different names during the 16th, 17th, and early 18th centuries. -
Stories from the Road
Issue No. 7 | August 2021 STORIES FROM THE ROAD. In this issue... MADAGASCAR REFORMATION MINISTRY RELIEF FUND HYMNODY: A GIFT ACROSS FOR ALL TIME DENOMINATIONS P. 3 P. 5 P. 9 Published by Southwestern Pennsylvania Synod MISSION: INSIDE THIS ISSUE TO SERVE, CONNECT, AND EQUIP ELCA 02 The Global Church CONGREGATIONS IN SOUTHWESTERN 04 iServe PENNSYLVANIA TO TELL THE STORY OF JESUS 05 Reformation Hymnody 07 The Power of Data “O sing to the Lord a new song, for he has done 08 marvelous things.” Meeting Our Neighbors Grants –Psalm 98:1 09 Ministry Across Denominations 11 Health & Wellness Ministry 12 Eating Again at the Table Cover Photo: Luther in the circle of his family, by Gustav Adolph 13 Staff Book Picks that Inspire Spangenberg, edited 14 Colleague Connections CONTACT: 1014 PERRY HWY, SUITE 200 15 Calendar of Causes PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 412-367-8222 SOUTHWESTERN PENNSYLVANIA SYNOD WWW.SWPASYNOD.ORG Rev. Kurt F. Kusserow SYNOD COUNCIL BISHOP Jennifer Armstrong-Schaefer Rev. James V. Arter III BISHOP & ASSISTANTS Barbara Nugent Rev. Kerri L. Clark [email protected] VICE-PRESIDENT Rev. Beth Clementson [email protected] Dr. Wendy Farone [email protected] Rev. William Schaefer Myra L. Fozard SECRETARY Beryl Gundy RESOURCE MINISTRY Rev. Brenda Henry Gary N. Teti [email protected] Rev. Susan A. G. Irons TREASURER Rev. Allyn Itterly ACCOUNTING Janice Jeletic [email protected] Dennis T. Lane Rev. Peter D. Asplin Fiona Lubold ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT ASSISTANT TO THE BISHOP Rev. J.J. Lynn [email protected] Rev. Sarah Rossing Rev. Melissa L. -
History and Genealogy of the Vreeland Family
.0^ . ^ovV : ^^^* • .rC^^'^.t.'^ . O .V . 4:^ "^^ o.* "^ v° *^' %- 'd- m^ ^^^ \ a/ "O* - '^^ .^'-^ "<*>. n"^ ,o«<.- -^^ ^ Vol •.°' ^^ aO ^ './ >:^^:- >. aV .^j^^^. Nicholas Garretson \'reeland. THHR BOOK: Wriltenarranged ^adaptgd BY ON E OF THEM WWW OIMT^oN VREELSIND Title parte and ofcher* di-awing/s by FR.flNCI5 WILLIAM Vl^EELflND^ Printed by CHflUNCELY H O L T- NOa7V^NDEPy%'" 3TIIEE.T • NEW YORK: HISTORY GENEALOGY of the VREELAND FAMILY Edited by NICHOLAS GARRETSON VREELAND HISTORICAL PUBLISHING CO. Jersey City, Nert) Jersey MDCCCCIX sT 1'^ \(\ •2> (At Copyright 1909 BY Nicholas G. Vrekland Cla.A,a3<* 112 JUL 28 1909 1 : table:contentsof CHAPTER. TITLE. PAGE. Foreword. 9 Preface. 10 PART FIRST — THE STORY OF HOLLAND. 1 In Day.s of Caesar 17 2 Fifteen Centuries of Struggle 20 3 The Dutch take Holland 21 4 Chaos leads to System 23 5 Dutch War Songs 24 Beggars of the Sea 24 Moeder Holland 29 Oranje Boven 30 6 Independence at Last 31 7 Holland and its People 33 8 Holland of To-day 41 PART SECOND — THE STORY OF AMERICA. 9 The American Birthright (Poem)... 49 10 In the New World, 1609-38 53 1 On Communipaw's Shore, 1646 57 12 Settlement of Bergen, 1660 59 13 Religion and Education 61 14 Battledore and Shuttlecock, 1664-74 63 15 Paulus Hook, 1800 66 16 From Youth to Manhood, 1840- 1909 69 17 Manners and Customs 73 18 Nomenclature 76 19 The True Dutch Influence 83 20 Land Titles 90 PART THIRD — THE STORY OF THE VREELANDS. 2 An Old Vreeland Family 99 22 The Town Vreeland, in Holland 104 CONTENTS—Continued. -
SCS News Fall 2004, Volume 3, Number 1
Swedish Colonial News Volume 3, Number 1 Fall 2004 Preserving the legacy of the New Sweden Colony in America The Faces of New Sweden now in print Kim-Eric Williams After more than two years of work, the long-awaited The Faces of New Sweden is now available and was premiered at the New Sweden History Conference on November 20 in Wilmington, DE. It is a perfect-bound book and includes many full color reproductions of the recently rediscovered paintings of Pastor Erik Björk and his wife Christina Stalcop. Erik Björk was one of the three Church of Sweden priests sent to America in 1697 by Jesper Svedberg and King Carl IX to revive the churches and serve the remaining Swedes on the Delaware. He was pastor at Holy Trinity (Old Swedes’) Church in Wilmington from 1697 until 1713. The portraits of Björk and his wife seem to date to 1712 and are by America’s first portrait painter, Gustavus (Gustaf) Hesselius, who was the brother of the next two Swedish priests to serve in Wilmington, Andreas Hesselius and Samuel Hesselius. The family background of the painter Gustavus Hesselius and the families of Erik Björk and Christina Stalcop is told by the author Hans Ling of Uppsala, Sweden, legal advisor to the National Heritage Board and a Forefather member of the Swedish Colonial Society. In this Issue... continued on page 6 HISTORIC SITE OBSERVATIONS Delaware National Printzhof Bricks 5 Coastal Heritage 16 FOREFATHERS Park DELEGATION 2 Pål Jönsson Mullica 7 to Sweden 2004 FOREFATHERS Dr. Peter S. Craig this land was surveyed and patented. -
Nooten Eylandt (And Van Twiller)
National Park Service history of Nooten Eylandt (and Van Twiller) During the “Age of Discovery” several European explorers sailed into New York Harbor, but events in Europe decided that it would be the Dutch who first settled there. Energized by their long struggle for independence from Spanish oppression, the inhabitants of this isolated, low corner of Europe built a far–ranging maritime and commercial empire. Using many of the techniques of modern capitalism and taking advantage of greater individual freedom than could be found elsewhere in the continent, the Dutch Republic became wealthy. It was during this expansive “golden age” in the early 17th–century that the Nieu Nederlandt colony was established along the river Henry Hudson had explored. Modeled on the highly successful Dutch East India Company, a West India Company was formed in 1621 and three years later sent a shipload of 30 families to the new colony in North America. A majority of them sailed upriver to establish a trading post near what is now Albany, but another party spent the winter of 1624 on Governors Island, which they named Nooten Eylandt, their translation of Pagganack. In the following year they moved across to Manhattan with their cattle and began building a fort to defend the settlement they fondly named Nieu (New) Amsterdam. The Dutch set up a sawmill on Nooten Eylandt, which produced timber for the fi rst cabins on Manhattan. In this way Governors Island assisted the birth of New York. Living in a rich area and well provisioned by the home company, the inhabitants of New Amsterdam did not undergo a “starving time” like the settlers of Plymouth or Jamestown. -
Fulham Doctors of the Past *
FULHAM DOCTORS OF THE PAST * by A. L. WYMAN ORIGINALLY the manor of Fulham comprised both Fulham and Hammersmith but even early in the seventeenth century there was a Fulham side and a Hammersmith side, and the accounts were rendered separately. It was a village near London, situated on the Thames where the river was fordable and the gravelly soil suitable for an early settlement. This was the town where the church was built and the ferry plied to Putney. There were hamlets at Parsons Green and Walham Green and smaller ones at North End and Sands End. It was pleasant enough and convenient enough for London to attract the upper classes. The population was about 730 in the time ofEdward VI (1547/8) and over 2,000 towards the end ofthe seventeenth century. This would be in a population in England of about four million and in London of between 100,000-200,000 (1600). In Roque's map of 1813 we find much the same general pattern. The community was primarily a rural one, with employment on the land as husbandmen, gardeners, labourers, or on the river as fisherman and watermen. As late as 1801 the census shows more people engaged in agricultural pursuits than in trade. When we come to the doctors it is necessary to make a broad distinction between those who are associated with Fulham because they lived or died there and those who worked there. Some of the former were illustrious but for the most part their main activities were elsewhere and they did not provide any kind of medical service to the local inhabitants, as did the more obscure practitioners who lived and worked in the parish. -
Washington Irving's Use of Historical Sources in the Knickerbocker History of New York
WASHINGTON IRVING’S USE OF HISTORICAL SOURCES IN THE KNICKERBOCKER. HISTORY OF NEW YORK Thesis for the Degree of M. A. MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY DONNA ROSE CASELLA KERN 1977 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 3129301591 2649 WASHINGTON IRVING'S USE OF HISTORICAL SOURCES IN THE KNICKERBOCKER HISTORY OF NEW YORK By Donna Rose Casella Kern A THESIS Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Department of English 1977 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . CHAPTER I A Survey of Criticism . CHAPTER II Inspiration and Initial Sources . 15 CHAPTER III Irving's Major Sources William Smith Jr. 22 CHAPTER IV Two Valuable Sources: Charlevoix and Hazard . 33 CHAPTER V Other Sources 0 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 0 Al CONCLUSION 0 O C O O O O O O O O O O O 0 O O O O O 0 53 APPENDIX A Samuel Mitchell's A Pigture 9: New York and Washington Irving's The Knickerbocker Histgrx of New York 0 o o o o o o o o o o o o o c o o o o 0 56 APPENDIX B The Legend of St. Nicholas . 58 APPENDIX C The Controversial Dates . 61 APPENDIX D The B00k'S Topical Satire 0 o o o o o o o o o o 0 6A APPENDIX E Hell Gate 0 0.0 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 0 66 APPENDIX F Some Minor Sources . -
BLACK LONDON Life Before Emancipation
BLACK LONDON Life before Emancipation ^^^^k iff'/J9^l BHv^MMiai>'^ii,k'' 5-- d^fli BP* ^B Br mL ^^ " ^B H N^ ^1 J '' j^' • 1 • GRETCHEN HOLBROOK GERZINA BLACK LONDON Other books by the author Carrington: A Life BLACK LONDON Life before Emancipation Gretchen Gerzina dartmouth college library Hanover Dartmouth College Library https://www.dartmouth.edu/~library/digital/publishing/ © 1995 Gretchen Holbrook Gerzina All rights reserved First published in the United States in 1995 by Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, New Jersey First published in Great Britain in 1995 by John Murray (Publishers) Ltd. The Library of Congress cataloged the paperback edition as: Gerzina, Gretchen. Black London: life before emancipation / Gretchen Holbrook Gerzina p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index ISBN 0-8135-2259-5 (alk. paper) 1. Blacks—England—London—History—18th century. 2. Africans— England—London—History—18th century. 3. London (England)— History—18th century. I. title. DA676.9.B55G47 1995 305.896´0421´09033—dc20 95-33060 CIP To Pat Kaufman and John Stathatos Contents Illustrations ix Acknowledgements xi 1. Paupers and Princes: Repainting the Picture of Eighteenth-Century England 1 2. High Life below Stairs 29 3. What about Women? 68 4. Sharp and Mansfield: Slavery in the Courts 90 5. The Black Poor 133 6. The End of English Slavery 165 Notes 205 Bibliography 227 Index Illustrations (between pages 116 and 111) 1. 'Heyday! is this my daughter Anne'. S.H. Grimm, del. Pub lished 14 June 1771 in Drolleries, p. 6. Courtesy of the Print Collection, Lewis Walpole Library, Yale University. 2. -
The 1693 Census of the Swedes on the Delaware
THE 1693 CENSUS OF THE SWEDES ON THE DELAWARE Family Histories of the Swedish Lutheran Church Members Residing in Pennsylvania, Delaware, West New Jersey & Cecil County, Md. 1638-1693 PETER STEBBINS CRAIG, J.D. Fellow, American Society of Genealogists Cartography by Sheila Waters Foreword by C. A. Weslager Studies in Swedish American Genealogy 3 SAG Publications Winter Park, Florida 1993 Copyright 0 1993 by Peter Stebbins Craig, 3406 Macomb Steet, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20016 Published by SAG Publications, P.O. Box 2186, Winter Park, Florida 32790 Produced with the support of the Swedish Colonial Society, Philadelphia, Pa., and the Delaware Swedish Colonial Society, Wilmington, Del. Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 92-82858 ISBN Number: 0-9616105-1-4 CONTENTS Foreword by Dr. C. A. Weslager vii Introduction 1 Chapter 1: The 1693 Census 15 Chapter 2: The Wicaco Congregation 25 Chapter 3: The Wicaco Congregation - Continued 45 Chapter 4: The Wicaco Congregation - Concluded 65 Chapter 5: The Crane Hook Congregation 89 Chapter 6: The Crane Hook Congregation - Continued 109 Chapter 7: The Crane Hook Congregation - Concluded 135 Appendix: Letters to Sweden, 1693 159 Abbreviations for Commonly Used References 165 Bibliography 167 Index of Place Names 175 Index of Personal Names 18 1 MAPS 1693 Service Area of the Swedish Log Church at Wicaco 1693 Service Area of the Swedish Log Church at Crane Hook Foreword Peter Craig did not make his living, or support his four children, during a career of teaching, preparing classroom lectures, or burning the midnight oil to grade examination papers.