Sociedad Mexicana De Fitopatología, A.C

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Sociedad Mexicana De Fitopatología, A.C ISSN-2007-8080 REVISTA MEXICANA DE FITOPATOLOGÍA MEXICAN JOURNAL OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY Fully Bilingual VOLUMEN 39, NÚMERO 1, Enero 2021 Órgano Internacional de Difusión de la Sociedad Mexicana de Fitopatología, A.C. Revista Mexicana de FITOPATOLOGÍA Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Sociedad Mexicana de Fitopatología, A. C. Volumen 39, Número 1, 2021 Fully Bilingual Editor en Jefe * Editor in Chief Dr. Gustavo Mora Aguilera, COLPOS Editora Técnica * Technical Editor Dra. Norma Ávila Alistac, UAM-Xochimilco Composición Web y RMFito * Web and RMFito Composition M.C. Eduardo Guzmán Hernández, LANREF, COLPOS Ing. Oscar Eder Flores Colorado, LANREF, COLPOS Editoras Adjuntas * Senior Editors Dra. Sylvia Patricia Fernández Pavía, UMSNH Dra. Graciela Dolores Ávila Quezada, UACH Dra. Silvia Bautista Baños, IPN Dra. Irasema del Carmen Vargas Arispuro, CIAD Comité Editorial Internacional * International Editorial Advisory Board Dr. Rodrigo Valverde, LSU, USA Dr. Sami Jorge Micheref, UFCA, Brasil Dr. Miguel Dita Rodríguez, EMBRAPA, Br. Dr. Vicente Febres, University of Florida, USA Editoras(es) Asociados en este Número * Associate Editors in this Number Dra. Silvia Bautista Baños, IPN Dr. Raúl Allende Molar, UV Dra. Graciela Dolores Ávila Quezada, UACH Dr. Emiliano Loeza Kuk, INIFAP Dra. María del Rosario Tovar Gómez, INIFAP Dr. Mauricio Luna Rodríguez, UV Dra. Teolincacihuatl Romero Rosales, UAGro. Dr. Gilberto Manzo Sánchez, UCol Dra. María Alejandra Gutiérrez Espinosa, COLPOS Dr. Jairo Cristóbal Alejo, ITConkal Dra. Evangelina Esmeralda Quiñones Aguilar, CIATEJ Dr. Gustavo Mora Aguilera, COLPOS Dr. Jesús Ricardo Sánchez Pale, UAEMEX Dr. David Espinosa Victoria, COLPOS Dr. Eduardo R. Garrido Ramírez, INIFAP Dr. Ángel Ramírez-Suárez, SENASICA Dr. Vicente J. Febres, University of Florida Portada: Sporisorium reilianum f. sp. zeae. Teliosporas germinadas en PDA 24 h después de la siembra (Superior izquierda). Cultivo monobasidial en PDA 5 días después de la siembra (Superior derecha). Atrofia de la inflorescencia masculina en maíz (Inferior izquierda). Síntomas de filodia (Inferior derecha). Original: Márquez-Licona G, Castillo-González F, Vargas-Hernández M, De León-García de Alba C, Solano-Báez AR, Leyva-Mir SG and Téliz-Ortíz D. Página 12. Revista Mexicana de FITOPATOLOGÍA Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Volumen 39, Número 1, 2021 Fully Bilingual Scientific Articles * Artículos Científicos Resistance to Sporisorium reilianum f. sp. zeae in native maize germplasm * Resistencia 1 a Sporisorium reilianum f. sp. zeae en germoplasma nativo de maíz. Márquez-Licona G, Castillo-González F, Vargas-Hernández M, De León-García de Alba C, Solano-Báez AR, Leyva-Mir SG and Téliz-Ortíz D. Polyphasic characterization of Burkholderia gladioli isolated from onion and evaluation 21 of its potential pathogenicity for other crops * Caracterización polifásica de Burkholderia gladioli aislada de cebolla y evaluación de su patogenicidad potencial para otros cultivos. Serret-López M, Aranda-Ocampo S, Espinosa-Victoria D†, Ortiz-Martínez LE and Ramírez- Razo K. Physicochemical characterization, antioxidant and antifungal activity of three stingless 41 bee pollen aggregate (Apidae: Meliponini) from Soconusco, Chiapas * Caracterización fisicoquímica, actividad antioxidante y antifúngica de agregado de polen de tres especies de abejas (Apidae: Meliponini) provenientes del Soconusco, Chiapas. Albores-Flores V, Saavedra-Camacho E, López-García JA, Grajales-Conesa J and Córdova- Albores LC. Gains in recurrent selection cycles for grain yield and resistance to head smut in maize 61 * Ganancia en ciclos de selección recurrente para rendimiento y resistencia a carbón de la espiga en maíz. Díaz-Ramírez G, De León-García de Alba C, Nieto-Ángel D and Mendoza-Castillo MC. Morphological characterization of Phytophthora capsici isolates from Jalisco and 75 Michoacán, Mexico * Caracterización morfológica de aislados de Phytophthora capsici provenientes de Jalisco y Michoacán, México. Reyes-Tena A, Rodríguez-Alvarado G, Fernández-Pavía SP, Pedraza-Santos ME, Larsen J and Vázquez-Marrufo G. Fusarium spp. and inoculum load estimation associated to commercial Agave tequilana 94 offsets at different regional epidemic inductivity levels * Fusarium spp. y estimación de carga de inóculo asociados a hijuelos de Agave tequilana en diferentes niveles de inductividad epidémica regional. Mendoza-Ramos C, Mora-Aguilera G, Coria-Contreras JJ, Santana-Peñaloza B, Acevedo- Sánchez G, Martínez-Bustamante V, Gutiérrez-Espinosa MA and Rubio-Cortés R. Revista Mexicana de FITOPATOLOGÍA Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Volumen 39, Número 1, 2021 Fully Bilingual Review Articles * Artículos de Revisión Genetic improvement for resistance to Fusarium wilt in banana * Mejoramiento 122 genético para la resistencia a marchitez por Fusarium en banano. García-Velasco R, Portal-González N, Santos-Bermúdez R, Rodríguez-García A and Companioni-González B. Omics sciences potential on bioprospecting of biological control microbial agents: 147 the case of the Mexican agro-biotechnology * Potencial de las ciencias ómicas en la bioprospección de agentes microbianos de control biológico: el caso de la agro-biotecnología mexicana. Córdova-Albores LC, Zelaya-Molina LX, Ávila-Alistac N, Valenzuela-Ruíz V, Cortés- Martínez NE, Parra-Cota FI, Burgos-Canul YY, Chávez-Díaz IF, Fajardo-Franco ML and de los Santos-Villalobos S. Phytopathological Notes * Notas Fitopatológicas Population dynamics of the carrot cyst nematode Heterodera carotae under greenhouse 185 conditions * Dinámica poblacional del nematodo del quiste de la zanahoria Heterodera carotae bajo condiciones de invernadero. Escobar-Ávila IM and Tovar-Soto A. Chitosan-induced production of secondary metabolites in plant extracts of Piper 198 auritum, and the in vitro fungicidal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vanillae * Producción de metabolitos secundarios inducida por quitosano en extractos vegetales de Piper auritum y actividad fungicida in vitro sobre Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vanillae. Fernández M del S, Hernández-Ochoa F, Carmona-Hernández O, Luna-Rodríguez M, Barrientos-Salcedo C, Asselin H and Lozada-García JA. Inhibitory effect of antagonistic bacteria against Sclerotium rolfsii, causal agent of 207 southern blight of common bean * Efecto inhibitorio de bacterias antagonistas contra Sclerotium rolfsii, agente causal del tizón sureño del frijol. Martínez-Álvarez JC, Camacho-Angulo F, Bojórquez-Armenta Y de J, Sánchez-Soto B, Cordero-Ramírez JD, Romero-Urías CA, Felix-Gástelum R and Mora-Romero GA. Phylogeny of ATP/ADP translocase gene from Candidatus Liberibacter spp., causal 219 agents of HLB * Filogenia de la enzima ATP/ADP translocasa de Candidatus Liberibacter spp., agentes causales del HLB. Flores-de la Rosa FR, Rodríguez-Quibrera CG and Santillán-Mendoza R. Resistance to Sporisorium reilianum f. sp. zeae in native maize germplasm Resistencia a Sporisorium reilianum f. sp. zeae en germoplasma nativo de maíz Guillermo Márquez-Licona, Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carretera Yautepec-Jojutla, Km 6, Calle CeProBi No. 8, Colonia San Isidro, Yautepec, Morelos, CP 62731; Fernando Castillo-González, Postgrado en Recursos Genéticos y Productividad, 1Postgrado en Fitosanidad- Fitopatología, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Km 36.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Monteci- llo, Texcoco, Estado de México, CP 56230; Mateo Vargas-Hernández, 2Parasitología Agrícola, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km 38.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Chapingo, Texcoco, Estado de México, CP 56230; 1Carlos De León-García de Alba*; Alma Rosa Solano-Báez, Centro de Innovación Tecnológica en Agri- cultura Protegida, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 sur No. 1103, Barrio de Santiago, Puebla, Puebla, CP 72410; 2Santos Gerardo Leyva-Mir; 1Daniel Téliz-Ortíz. *Autor para correspondencia: [email protected]. Recibido: 21 de Mayo, 2020. Aceptado: 20 de Agosto, 2020. Márquez-Licona G, Castillo-González F, Vargas- Abstract. Head smut of maize (Sporisorium Hernández M, De León-García de Alba C, Solano-Báez reilianum f. sp. zeae) is a disease characterized AR, Leyva-Mir SG and Téliz-Ortíz D. 2021. Resistance by the pathogen replacing inflorescences with to Sporisorium reilianum f. sp. zeae in native maize sori full of teliospores. The objective of this germplasm. Mexican Journal of Phytopathology study was to investigate the response of 55 native 39(1): 1-20. maize populations to S. reilianum infection. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18781/R.MEX.FIT.2005-5 Maize populations were collected in the states of Guerrero (13), Oaxaca (13), Puebla (six), Tlaxcala Primera publicación en línea: 24 de Septiembre, 2020. (12) and Estado de México (11). The seed was First publication on line: September 24, 2020. inoculated with teliospores of the pathogen, using grenetine as adherent. The hybrid Az 41801 was used as a control. The populations were evaluated Resumen. El carbón de la espiga del maíz (Spo- in Mixquiahuala, Hidalgo, in the 2015 and 2016 risorium reilianum f. sp. zeae) es una enfermedad plantings. The incidence of the disease was recorded que se caracteriza porque el patógeno remplaza las by direct observation of signs and symptoms in inflorescencias por soros llenos de teliosporas. El the inflorescences. The maximum incidence of objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la respues- the disease in the maize populations was 28.8% ta en campo de 55 poblaciones de maíz nativo a and 22.2% in the first and second evaluation, Publicación
Recommended publications
  • Research Article EFFICACY of BIOCONTROL AGENTS AGAINST Phytophthora Nicotianae Var
    International Journal of Agriculture Sciences ISSN: 0975-3710 & E-ISSN: 0975-9107, Volume 10, Issue 10, 2018, pp.-6109-6110. Available online at https://www.bioinfopublication.org/jouarchive.php?opt=&jouid=BPJ0000217 Research Article EFFICACY OF BIOCONTROL AGENTS AGAINST Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica, THE CAUSAL ORGANISM OF BUCKEYE ROT OF TOMATO MONICA SHARMA1*, SHRIDHAR B.P.1 AND SHARMA AMIT2 1Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, 173230, Himachal Pradesh, India 2Department of Basic Science, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, 173230, Himachal Pradesh, India *Corresponding Author: Email - [email protected] Received: May 15, 2018; Revised: May 26, 2018; Accepted: May 27, 2018; Published: May 30, 2018 Abstract: To replace hazardous agrochemicals, biological solution is provided by nature in the form of microorganisms having capacity to suppress the growth of plant pathogens and to promote the plant growth. Buckeye rot of tomato caused by Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica is a serious threat to the crop production and has taken a heavy toll of the crop in India which affects mostly the fruits during both spring and winter season crops. In the present investigation, six biological control agents were screened for the efficacy against mycelial growth of P. nicotianae var. parasitica. Out of the six fungal and bacterial biocontrol agents tested, Trichoderma virens resulted in maximum mycelial growth inhibition (77.67%) of the test pathogen followed by T. hamatum (69.40 %), T. harzianum (68.52 %) and T. viride (67.43 %).
    [Show full text]
  • And Studying P. Capsici and Phytophthora Hybrids in Peru
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 8-2008 Generating Genetic Resources for Phytophthora capsici (L.) and Studying P. capsici and Phytophthora Hybrids in Peru Oscar Pietro Hurtado-Gonzales University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Earth Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Hurtado-Gonzales, Oscar Pietro, "Generating Genetic Resources for Phytophthora capsici (L.) and Studying P. capsici and Phytophthora Hybrids in Peru. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2008. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/455 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Oscar Pietro Hurtado-Gonzales entitled "Generating Genetic Resources for Phytophthora capsici (L.) and Studying P. capsici and Phytophthora Hybrids in Peru." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Plants, Soils, and Insects. Kurt H. Lamour, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Feng Chen, John K. Moulton, Beth Mullin Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Oscar Pietro Hurtado-Gonzales entitled “Generating genetic resources for Phytophthora capsici (L.) and studying P.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Life Magill’S Encyclopedia of Science
    MAGILLS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SCIENCE PLANT LIFE MAGILLS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SCIENCE PLANT LIFE Volume 4 Sustainable Forestry–Zygomycetes Indexes Editor Bryan D. Ness, Ph.D. Pacific Union College, Department of Biology Project Editor Christina J. Moose Salem Press, Inc. Pasadena, California Hackensack, New Jersey Editor in Chief: Dawn P. Dawson Managing Editor: Christina J. Moose Photograph Editor: Philip Bader Manuscript Editor: Elizabeth Ferry Slocum Production Editor: Joyce I. Buchea Assistant Editor: Andrea E. Miller Page Design and Graphics: James Hutson Research Supervisor: Jeffry Jensen Layout: William Zimmerman Acquisitions Editor: Mark Rehn Illustrator: Kimberly L. Dawson Kurnizki Copyright © 2003, by Salem Press, Inc. All rights in this book are reserved. No part of this work may be used or reproduced in any manner what- soever or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy,recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. For information address the publisher, Salem Press, Inc., P.O. Box 50062, Pasadena, California 91115. Some of the updated and revised essays in this work originally appeared in Magill’s Survey of Science: Life Science (1991), Magill’s Survey of Science: Life Science, Supplement (1998), Natural Resources (1998), Encyclopedia of Genetics (1999), Encyclopedia of Environmental Issues (2000), World Geography (2001), and Earth Science (2001). ∞ The paper used in these volumes conforms to the American National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, Z39.48-1992 (R1997). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Magill’s encyclopedia of science : plant life / edited by Bryan D.
    [Show full text]
  • Disease Update
    Disease Update The Long List of Diseases Affecting Tomatoes and Peppers in a Wet Growing Season By Thomas A. Zitter Cornell University (May 2001) Introduction The 2000 growing season will be remembered for the large number of diseases that could be found on both tomatoes and peppers. Some of these diseases are common to both crops, and include bacterial leaf spot, Phytophthora blight, and white mold. In this report, we will focus on the main fungal (late blight, early blight, Septoria leaf blight, Phytophthora blight), and bacterial (spot, speck and canker) diseases of tomato/pepper. Tomato Late Blight Tomato growers should be aware that late blight infections of this crop are not new in New York, but occurrence of the disease has definitely increased during the 1990s with the arrival of new immigrant strains of Phytophthora infestans. In 1993, U.S.-7 caused widespread losses in home gardens in rural upstate New York, with the disease eventually spreading into four counties (Oneida, Herkimer, Madison and Oswego). In 1996, late blight samples confirmed in the Plant Disease Diagnostic Lab were submitted from six counties (Chautaupqua, Ontario, Tioga, Orange, Schenectady and Clinton), consisting of U.S.-1, U.S.-8 and U.S.-17. Once again, the infections for the most part were limited to home gardens or tomato plantings used for nearby roadside stands. In 1997, both commercial and homeowners suffered the greatest losses to late blight previously recorded. Tomato late blight was verified by the Diagnostic Lab from samples submitted from 12 counties from western, central and eastern New York.
    [Show full text]
  • Course No. Pl.Path.5.4 DISEASES of FIELD and HORTICULTURAL
    Theory Note B. Sc (Agril.) Course No. Pl.Path.5.4 DISEASES OF FIELD AND HORTICULTURAL CROPS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT-I(CREDIT 2+1) Semester-V Compiled and Edited by DR. D.M.PATHAK ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR AND HEAD DEPARTMENT OF PLANT PATHOLOGY COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE NAVSARI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY CAMPUS BHARUCH -392012 Course Title: Diseases of Field and Horticultural Crops and Their Management- I Course No. Pl. Path. 5.4 Course Credit: 2 + 1 = 3 SYLLABUS Theory: Economic importance, symptoms, etiology, epidemiology, disease cycle and integrated management of diseases of Groundnut, Sesamum, Castor, Cotton, Bajra, Finger millet, Sorghum, Maize, Rice, Pigeon pea, Soybean, Black gram, green gram, Tobacco, Coconut, Pomegranate, Tea, Coffee, Banana, Papaya, Tomato, Okra, Brinjal, Cluster bean, Beans and Colocasia. Practical: Identification and histopathological studies of selected diseases of field and horticultural crops covered in theory. Field visit for the diagnosis of field and horticultural crop diseases.Collection and preservation of plant diseased specimens for Herbarium. Suggested readings: 1. Sanjeev Kumar (2016). Diseases of Field Crops and Their Integrated Management. New India Publishing Agency, New Delhi – 110 034 2. Shahid Ahamad and Udit Narain (2007). Ecofriendly management of plant diseases. Daya Publishing house, New Delhi – 110 035. 3. Rangaswami, G. and Mahadevan, A. (2008). Diseases of crop plants in India. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi – 110 001. 4. Sanjeev Kumar (2015). Diseases of horticultural crops: Identification & management. New India Publishing Agency, New Delhi – 110 034. 5. Singh,R. S. (2018). Diseases of fruit crops. MEDTECH A division of Scientific International Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi – 110 002. 6. Sharma,I.
    [Show full text]
  • O Pap N Ayaa
    TTEECCHHNNIICCAALL DDOOCCUUMMEENNTT FFOORR MMAARRKKEETT AACCCCEESSSS OONN PPAAPPAAYYAA CROP PROTECTIOACKNOWLEDGEMEN & PLANT QUARANNTTI NE SERVICES DIVISION DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE KUALA LUMPUR MALAYSIA 2004 Technical Document For Market Access On Papaya: 2004 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Ms. Asna Booty Othman, Director, Crop Protection and Plant Quarantine Services Division, Department of Agriculture Malaysia, wishes to extend her appreciation and gratitude to the following for their contribution, assistance and cooperation in the preparation of this Technical Document For Papaya:- Mr. Muhamad Hj. Omar, Assistant Director, Phytosanitary and Export Control Section, Crop Protection and Plant Quarantine Services Division, Department of Agriculture Malaysia; Ms. Nuraizah Hashim, Agriculture Officer, Phytosanitary and Export Control Section, Crop Protection and Plant Quarantine Services Division, Department of Agriculture Malaysia; Mr. Yusof Othman, Agriculture Officer, Insects Section, Crop Protection and Plant Quarantine Services Division, Department of Agriculture Malaysia; Mr. Arizal Arshad, Agriculture Officer, Enforcement Section, Crop Protection and Plant Quarantine Services Division, Department of Agriculture Malaysia; Mr. Mansor Mohammad, Assistant Agriculture Officer, Insects Section, Crop Protection and Plant Quarantine Services Division, Department of Agriculture Malaysia; Mr. Rushdan Talib, Agriculture Officer, Vertebrate and Mollusca Section, Crop Protection and Plant Quarantine Services Division, Department of Agriculture Malaysia; Ms.
    [Show full text]
  • Phytophthora Nicotianae Var. Nicotianae on Tomatoes
    Phytophthoranicotiana evar .nicotiana e ontomatoe s G. Weststeijn rt i NN08201,541 ^ G. Weststeijn Phytophthoranicotiana evar .nicotiana e ontomatoe s Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor in de landbouwwetenschappen, op gezag van de rector magnificus, prof. dr. ir. H. A. Leniger, hoogleraar in de technologie, in het openbaar te verdedigen op vrijdag 2 februari 1973 des namiddags te vier uur in de aula van de Landbouwhogeschool te Wageningen STELLINGEN I Bijhe tonderzoe k naar debestrijdingsmogelijkhede n van bodempathogenen behorend tot de familie van dePythiaceae is tot nu toe onvoldoende aandacht geschonken aan dero lva nd ezoospore n bijhe tziekteproce s ind egrond . II De conclusie van Ho, dat Phytophthora megasperma Drechsler var. sojae Hildebrand in de grond hoogstwaarschijnlijk in ziek sojaboonweefsel overblijft, is niet geiecht- vaardigd. Ho,H . H., Mycologia 61(1969 )835-838 . Ill De invloed van de groeiomstandigheden op de lengte-breedte-verhouding van de sporangien van Phytophthora palmivora(Butl. ) Butl. is onvoldoendeonderzoch t om dezeeigenscha p tegebruike n voor eentaxonomisch e onderverdelingva nd eschimmel . Turner, P.D. ,Trans.Br.mycol .Soc .4 3(1960 )665-672 . IV Het onderzoek naar de invloed van uitwendige omstandigheden op de groei van groentegewassen ondergla smoe tmee rgerich tzij n opd emogelijkhede n tot bestrijding vanziekte nda n opdi eto t vermeerderingva nd ekilogramopbrengst . V Bij de bestudering van de invloed van luchttemperatuurwisselingen op de groei van groentegewassen wordt te weinig rekening gehouden met het daardoor veroorzaakte verloopva nd egrondtemperatuur . Hussey,G. ,J .exp .Bot . 16(1965 )373-385 . VI Het is verwarrend in de mycologie de term 'vegetatief te gebruiken, als daaraan een anderebetekeni sword tgehech tda ni nd ebotanie .
    [Show full text]
  • Characterising Plant Pathogen Communities and Their Environmental Drivers at a National Scale
    Lincoln University Digital Thesis Copyright Statement The digital copy of this thesis is protected by the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand). This thesis may be consulted by you, provided you comply with the provisions of the Act and the following conditions of use: you will use the copy only for the purposes of research or private study you will recognise the author's right to be identified as the author of the thesis and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate you will obtain the author's permission before publishing any material from the thesis. Characterising plant pathogen communities and their environmental drivers at a national scale A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Lincoln University by Andreas Makiola Lincoln University, New Zealand 2019 General abstract Plant pathogens play a critical role for global food security, conservation of natural ecosystems and future resilience and sustainability of ecosystem services in general. Thus, it is crucial to understand the large-scale processes that shape plant pathogen communities. The recent drop in DNA sequencing costs offers, for the first time, the opportunity to study multiple plant pathogens simultaneously in their naturally occurring environment effectively at large scale. In this thesis, my aims were (1) to employ next-generation sequencing (NGS) based metabarcoding for the detection and identification of plant pathogens at the ecosystem scale in New Zealand, (2) to characterise plant pathogen communities, and (3) to determine the environmental drivers of these communities. First, I investigated the suitability of NGS for the detection, identification and quantification of plant pathogens using rust fungi as a model system.
    [Show full text]
  • Management of Buckeye Rot of Tomato Caused by Phytophthora Nicotianae
    International Journal of Chemical Studies 2019; 7(4): 1782-1786 P-ISSN: 2349–8528 E-ISSN: 2321–4902 IJCS 2019; 7(4): 1782-1786 Management of buckeye rot of tomato caused by © 2019 IJCS Received: 13-05-2019 Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica under Accepted: 15-06-2019 mid-hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh Gurpreet Kaur Department of Plant Pathology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Gurpreet Kaur and DK Banyal Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India Abstract Buckeye rot of tomato caused by Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica (Dastur) Waterhouse is one of DK Banyal Department of Plant Pathology, the most serious disease of tomato throughout the world and causes high yield losses. For the CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi management of the disease different botanicals, biocontrol agents and fungicides were evaluated against Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, the pathogen under in vitro. The fungicides were also evaluated under field conditions during 2017 and Himachal Pradesh, India 2018. Aqueous extract of Melia azedarach @ 20% gave maximum growth inhibition (70.00%) of P. nicotianae var. parasitica under in vitro. Among 8 fungicides evaluated in vitro, iprovalicarb 5.5%+ propineb 61.25% WP (Melody Duo 66.75 WP) at 100 µg/ml gave 100 per cent mycelial growth inhibition. Evaluation of fungicides under field conditions showed that three foliar application at 10 days interval of iprovalicarb 5.5%+ propineb 61.25% WP (@ 0.25%) resulted in maximum (54.72%) disease control with 81.51 per cent increase in yield over check. Keywords: Tomato, buckeye rot, Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica management, botanicals Introduction Tomato buckeye rot caused by Phytophthora nicotianae var.
    [Show full text]
  • Sensitivity of Phytophthora Nicotianae Var. Parasitica Causing Buckeye Rot of Tomato to Commonly Used Fungicides in Himachal Pradesh
    Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2019) 8(8): 1198-1207 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 08 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.808.141 Sensitivity of Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica Causing Buckeye Rot of Tomato to Commonly Used Fungicides in Himachal Pradesh Gurpreet Kaur* and D.K. Banyal Department of Plant Pathology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur 176 062, Himachal Pradesh, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT Buckeye rot caused by Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica (dastur) Waterhouse is the serious menace to the cultivation of tomato in Himachal Pradesh. Seventeen isolates of Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasiitca causing buckeye rot were collected from different districts of Himachal Pradesh. Sensitivity of these isolates to three commonly used fungicides i.e. mancozeb 75WP K e yw or ds (Indofil M-45), copper-oxychloride 50WP (Blitox-50) & metalaxyl-M 4%+ mancozeb 64%WP (Ridomil Gold) in Himachal Pradesh was examined by dual culture technique. On the basis of Phytophthora nicotianae sensitivity to fungicides the 17 isolates were categorized into three sensitivity classes i.e. highly var. parasitica, Buckeye rot, Tomato, Sensitivity, sensitive, moderately sensitive and less sensitive isolates. Out of seventeen isolates, nine isolates Fungicides , Management were highly sensitive (Pn-3, Pn-4, Pn-5, Pn-7, Pn-9, Pn-10, Pn-12, Pn-14 & Pn-17), seven isolates (Pn-1, Pn-2, Pn-6, Pn-8, Pn-11, Pn-15 & Pn-16) were moderately sensitive and one isolate (Pn-13) Article Info was found less sensitive to mancozeb 75WP.
    [Show full text]
  • An Overview of the Fungal Rot of Tomato Abstract Introduction
    Mycopath (2011) 9(1): 33-38 An overview of the fungal rot of tomato A. H. Wani Section of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Department of Botany University of Kashmir 190006, India *Correspondence E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) is the most popular vegetable world-wide. Tomatoes crop and yield is suffered every year due to number of pathogenic diseases. Such diseases are caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematode, develop through soil-borne, above-ground infections and in some instances are transmitted through insect feeding. Although some general review on the fungal diseases of vegetables have been compiled by different workers. However, no comprehensive review is available on the fungal rot of tomato. The present review gives inclusive information regarding various pathological aspects on the fungal rot of tomato and management strategies opted for post harvest diseases of tomato. Keywords: Review, Fungi, Rot, Tomato, Morphology, Fungicides. Introduction Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) symptomology, severity/incidence, pathogenicity, originated South America belongs to Solanaceae losses and disease control with fungicides. family is a widely grown vegetable in the world. Alternaria rot has been considered as the The leading producer of tomato in the world is most common disease of tomato fruits and causes USA followed by China, Italy, Turkey, Egypt, heavy losses in quality of the fruits, thus rendering Spain, Romania, Brazil and Greece. In Kashmir large quantity of tomato fruits unfit for Valley (India), the crop is grown over an area of consumption. The disease was reported by 1200 hectares with an average yield of 250-300 Douglas (1922) from the California.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Disease
    report on RPD No. 913 PLANT October 1988 DEPARTMENT OF CROP SCIENCES DISEASE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN LATE BLIGHT AND BUCKEYE ROT OF TOMATO Late blight of tomato is caused by the fungus Phytophthora infestans. Currently, two physiologic races of the fungus, designated T-0 and T-1, have been identified. There are also potato and tomato strains of the fungus; each is capable of infecting the other host. Buckeye rot is caused by three species of Phytophthora. P. parasitica is most commonly asso- ciated with the disease in Illinois; in other areas of the country the disease is attributed to P. capsici and/or P. drechsleri. Figure 1. Late blight first appears as water-soaked, greenish black areas on leaves and stems that later turn These two diseases may be widespread and brown. Often a pale green band surrounds the affected destructive in Illinois during wet seasons when the area on the leaf. (Courtesy R.E. Stall) foliage and fruit are not protected by fungicides. In cool, moist weather the vines and fruit rot very rapidly from late blight. During prolonged warm, wet weather a large percentage of the tomato fruit in contact with the soil may be affected by buckeye rot. SYMPTOMS Late Blight On seedlings, small, dark spots form on the stems or leaves followed by death within 2 or 3 days. On older plants the fungus causes small to large, irregular, rapidly enlarging, water-soaked, pale green to greenish black lesions which usually start at the margins or tips of the leaves. In dry weather, these lesions turn dark brown, dry, and wither.
    [Show full text]