Resettlement Plan - Updated
Project Number: 42361-013 Loan 2979-CAM, Loan 8264-CAM
February 2019
CAM: Medium-Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project
Package 2
Prepared by the Electricity du Cambodge for the Asian Development Bank.
This updated resettlement plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website.
In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.
KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA Nation Religion King
ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE
Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2 ADB Loan N° 2979 CAM (SF)
UPDATED RESETTLEMENT PLAN
(Package 2)
February 2019
Korea Electric Power Corporation in association with Cheang Engineering Consultants Co., Ltd
ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE M edium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2
Table of Contents
ABBREVIATIONS ...... iv CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS...... iv WEIGHTS AND MEASURES...... iv DEFINITION OF TERMS ...... v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 1 I. INTRODUCTION ...... 3 1.1 Project Background...... 3 1.2 Project Description...... 3 1.3 Project Location and Scope ...... 4 1.4 Measures Adopted to Minimize Resettlement ...... 5 II. PROJECT IMPACTS ...... 7 2.1 Introduction ...... 7 2.2 Methodology Used in Updatin g the Resettlement Plan ...... 7 2.3 Affected Trees...... 8 2.4 Number of Affected Households (AHs) ...... 9 2.5 Vulnerable AHs ...... 10 III. SOCIO-ECONOMIC INFORMATION AND PROFILE ...... 10 3.1 Population and Household Composition...... 10 3.2 Age Structure and Dependency ...... 11 3.3 Ethnic Group and Religion ...... 12 3.4 Literacy of AHs (HHHs and S pouses)...... 12 3.5 Educational Attainment of th e Population...... 13 3.6 Current Sch ool Attendance ...... 13 3.7 Affected Households’ Head Engaged in Farming and No-farming ...... 14 3.8 Main S ources of Income of Affected H ouseholds ...... 14 3.9 Affected Households Income ...... 15 3.10 Sanitation...... 15 3.11 Energy Sources for Lightin g and Cooking...... 16 3.12 Transportation ...... 17 3.13 Household Appliances ...... 17 3.14 People’s Perception of the Project ...... 18 IV. INFORMATION DISCUSSION, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION ...... 18 4.1 Consultation...... 18 4.2 Disclosure...... 19 V. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISMS ...... 20 VI. LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK ...... 21
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6.1 Cambodia Legal and Policy Framework ...... 21 6.2 Policy Gap Analysis...... 24 VII. Entitlement, Assistance and Benefits ...... 25 VIII. Resettlement Budget and Financial Plan ...... 27 IX. Institutional Arrangements ...... 28 9.1 EDC/ Social, Environment and Public Relations O ffice (SEPRO) ...... 28 9.2 Project Implementation Consultant (PIC)...... 28 X. Implementation Schedule ...... 28 XI. MONITORING...... 28
ANNEXES Annex 1: Number of AHs with Affected Trees in each Province and Vulnerability...... 29 Annex 2: Number of Affected Trees by Commune and District with amount compensation cost for Package 2...... 32 Annex 3: Public Information Leaflet (in Khmer) ...... 33 Annex 4: Public Information Leaflet (In English) ...... 37 Annex 5: DMS/IOL and Socio-Economic Survey Form...... 38 Annex 6: Minutes of Meeting and List of Attendances for Public...... 58 Annex 7: Field Photos for Conducting Public Consultation Meetings ...... 86
List of Table Table 1: Work Scope under Package 2 ...... 4 Table 2: Unit Price of Trees by type of Productive Tree ...... 8 Table 3: Total number of affected trees for compensation by type of trees ...... 8 Table 4: Number of AHs with Affected Trees for compensation by type ...... 9 Table 5: Household Head of Affected Households (AHs) by Gender ...... 9 Table 6: Population and Household Composition ...... 10 Table 7: Age – Sex Distribution of Sample HHs...... 11 Table 8: Literacy of AHs’ Head and Spouses...... 12 Table 9: Adult Literacy of Age 15 and Over...... 12 Table 10: Education Attainment of Population aged 5 years and over...... 13 Table 12: Current School Attendance for Primary and Lower Secondary ...... 13 Table 12: Farming and Non-Farming Affected Households’ Head ...... 14 Table 13: Main Source of Income of the AHs...... 14 Table 14: Annual Income (USD) of AHs Headed by Males ...... 15 Table 15: Annual Income (USD) of AHs Headed by Females ...... 15 Table 16: Water Sources for Drinking and Cooking ...... 15 Table 17: Boiling Water for Drinking ...... 16 Table 18: Water Sources for Washing and Bathing ...... 16 Table 19: Energy Sources for Lighting ...... 16 Table 20: Energy Sources for Cooking...... 17 Table 21: Transport Equipment and Its Values ...... 17 Table 22: Household Appliances and Its Values ...... 17 Table 23: Satisfaction with the Project ...... 18 Table 24: Schedule of Public Consultation Meetings During the Study...... 18 Table 25: Summary of Questions and Answers during Public Consultation ...... 19 Table 26: Road and Railways ROW Dimensions ...... 23 Table 27: Verification of and Comparison between Cambodian System and ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (June 2009)...... 24
ii ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE M edium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2 Table 28: Entitlement Matrix ...... 25 Table 29: Number of AHs and affected trees for donation/compensation ...... 27 Table 30: Indicative Scheduled for Resettlement Activities of Package 1&2 ...... 28
List of Figure Figure 1: Basic drawing of sub-transmission line ...... 4 Figure 2: Typical cross section of sub-transmission line ...... 4 Figure 3: Project location map & the MV line routes in Kandal province ...... 5 Figure 4: Project location map & the MV line routes in Kampong Thom province ...... 6 Figure 5: Project location map & the MV line routes in Siem Reap province ...... 6 Figure 6: Project location map & the MV line routes in Banteay Meanchey province ...... 7 Figure 7: Age Pyramid by 5 years of Age Group...... 11
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ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank AH Affected Household AP Affected Person BTMC Banteay Meanchey province COI Corridor of Impact DMS Detailed Measurement Survey EDC Electricité du Cambodge GDR General Department of Resettlement HH Household IOL Inventory of Losses KTH Kampong Thom province MEF Ministry of Economy and Finance MV Medium Voltage NGO Non-Governmental Organization PIB Public Information Booklet PIC Project Implementation Consultants RCS Replacement Cost Study REE Rural Electricity Enterprise RGC Royal Government of Cambodia ROW Right-of-Way RP Resettlement Plan SEPRO Social, Environment and Public Relations Office SES Socio-economic Survey SPS ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (June 2009) SR Siem Reap province URP Updated Resettlement Plan
CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency Unit – Cambodia Riel (KHR) to United States Dollar (USD) KHR 4,000.00 = USD 1.00
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES GW Gigawatt GWh Gigawatt-hour Ha/ha Hectare kg Kilogram Km Kilometer kV Kilovolt kWh Kilowatt-hour MW Megawatt MWh Megawatt-hour lm Linear Meter m Meter m² Square Meter m³ Cubic Meter
iv ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE M edium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2 DEFINITION OF TERMS Affected : Refers to any person or persons, household, firm, private or public institution person (AP)/ that, on account of changes resulting from the project, will have its: Affected (i) standard of living adversely affected; household (AH) (ii) right, title or interest in any house, land (including residential, commercial, agricultural, forest and/or grazing land), water resources or any other moveable or fixed assets acquired, possessed, restricted or otherwise adversely affected, in full or in part, permanently or temporarily; and/or (iii) business, occupation, place of work or residence or habitat adversely affected, with or without displacement. In the case of AH, it includes all members residing under one roof and operating as a single economic unit, who are adversely affected by a project or any of its components. Beneficiary : All persons and households from the villages who voluntarily seek to avoid of and be part of the project. Compensation : This is payment given in cash or in kind to AHs as replacement cost for assets, resources or income acquired or adversely affected by the project. Consumer : Methodology in summary: For the compilation of the Consumer Price Index Price Index (CPI) for whole country prices are collected for a sample of 259 items price (CPI) observations are collected from the markets. In general, prices are collected from a sample of four outlets within each market. For items not offered for sale at the markets price are collected from nearby outlets. Corridor of : It is the area which is required by the project or by the need to retain sites for Impact (COI) future use for construction or for repair and maintenance. Cut-off Date : This refers to the date prior to which the occupation or use of the project area makes residents/users of the same eligible to be categorized as AP. Persons not covered in the census are not eligible for compensation and other entitlements, unless they can show proof that (i) they have been inadvertently missed out during the census and inventory of losses (IOL) or (ii) they have lawfully acquired the affected assets following completion of the census and the IOL and prior to the conduct of detailed measurement survey (DMS). Displaced : Refer to all of the people who would have their (1) standard of living adversely Person affected; or (2) right, title, interest in any house, land (including premises, agricultural and grazing land) or any other fixed or moveable asset acquired or possessed temporarily or permanently; (3) access to productive assets adversely affected, temporarily or permanently; or (4) business, occupation, work or place of residence or habitat adversely affected; and “displaced person” means any of the displaced persons. Entitlement : Refers to a range of measures, such as compensation for loss of affected assets and assistance to be provided to the AHs depending on the type and severity of their losses. Inventory of : This is the process where all affected trees and sources of income and Losses (IOL) livelihood inside the COI are identified, and their replacement costs calculated. Land : Refers to the process whereby an individual, household, firm or private Acquisition institution is compelled by the government through the Project’s Executing Agency to alienate all or part of the land it owns or possesses to the ownership and possession of that agency for public purpose in return for compensation at replacement cost. Monitoring : The process of regularly measuring the progress in effectively completing the project activities and in achieving the goal and objectives of the Project.
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Monitoring provides all stakeholders with continuous feedback on implementation. It identified actual or potential successes and problems as early as possible so as to facilitate corrections during the Project implementation. Replacement : The method of valuation of assets that helps determine the amount sufficient cost to replace lost assets and cover transaction costs. In applying this method of valuation, depreciation of assets should not be taken into account. Resettlement : Refers to various measures provided to APs or AHs to mitigate any and all adverse social impacts, including compensation, relocation (where relevant), and rehabilitation as needed. Resettlement : This is a time-bound action plan with budget, setting out the resettlement (assistance) objectives and strategies, entitlements, activities and responsibilities, and plan resettlement monitoring and evaluation. ROW : ROW is the area, owned or still to be acquired, reserved for public use or for a government project. Severely : This refers to affected households who will (i) lose 10% or more of their total Affected productive land and/or assets; (ii) have to relocate; and/or (iii) lose 10% or more Households of their total income sources due to the Project. Vulnerable : These are distinct groups of people who might suffer disproportionately or face Groups the risk of being further marginalized by the effects of resettlement and specifically include: (i) households headed by women with dependents, (ii) disabled household heads, (iii) households falling under the generally accepted indicator for poverty, (iv) children and the elderly households who are landless and with no other means of support, (v) landless households, and (vi) indigenous people or ethnic minorities.
vi ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE M edium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A. Introduction 1. Medium-Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project “Loan Project No. 2979” expands the electricity sub-transmission infrastructure by constructing about 2,155 km of 22kV sub- transmission lines in provinces of Kampong Thom, Kampong Cham, and Siem Reap (Package 1); and Kandal, Kampong Thom, Siem Reap and Banteay Meachey (Package 2).
2. Generally, a Corridor of Impact (COI) of the Project is within Right-of-Way (ROW). No physical relocation will be required, and potential impact will be limited to the installation of concrete poles using about 0.2 m2 of land and the stringing of conductors requiring tree branches to be trimmed. Some trees may need to be removed in some villages and market areas. The type of productive trees identified that may require removal includes mango trees, coconut trees and of lesser importance, and so forth. The assistance and/or compensation in cases of removal any affected trees or properties will be based on present market rates.
3. The 22 kV sub-transmission lines will be connected from grid-substations in provincial towns to the existing and new LV distribution and service lines owned and operated by private rural electricity enterprises (REEs). EDC will own, operate and maintain the 22 kV sub-transmission lines installed under the project. The ownership and the responsibility for operating and managing the LV distribution network will remain with the respective REEs and EDC will supply electricity to REEs under a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA).
B. Scope of Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement 4. This Update Resettlement Plan for package 2 (URP-P2) applies the project resettlement policy as described in the Resettlement (Assistance) Plan report approved since December 2014. During updating of this URP-P2, the public consultation meetings with all affected households and local authorities were carried out in all project location. This URP-P2 has been prepared based on Detailed Measurement Survey (DMS), conducted together with the baseline Socio-Economic Survey (SES) from 20 April to 03 May 2018.
5. Based on DMS results, it is found that a total of 415 productive trees, with 118 affected households, of various species and ages were affected and these trees will be compensated based on market rates. The power line of the project under URP-P2 will be in Kandal, Kampong Thom, Siem Reap and Banteay Meanchey. Of these four (4) provinces, Kandal province has no resettlement impacts due to (i) no affected trees along the ROW which is already cleared, compensated under other projects; (ii) some route lines (about 6km) of this package were installed an underground in the sensitive areas (pagoda and populated) to avoid resettlement impact.
C. Socio-economic Information Profile 6. Kandal is one of the four (04) provinces included in the URP-P2. The route lines in Kandal were realign and can avoid all impact on the asset along the COI. The total socio-economic survey household 71 AHs (365 displace persons) out of 118 AHs which equals to 60% of total affected households in Kampong Thom, Siem Reap and Banteay Meanchey.
D. Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation 7. The Consultation meetings were carried out during the implementation stage and during DMS. As results, there are ten (10) consultation meetings were conducted during the RP study, while the four venue meetings conducted in the implementation stage of the project. The total participants of 233 persons of which 130 participants are female. During these consultation, the 461 copies of PIBs had been distributed to all participants. Some PIBs was provided to Local authorities for the people who are absent in this the meeting. The fifty-seven (57) communes within the four provinces of the targeted areas were invited to join these meetings. The aim of the public consultation is to disclose the project to the community and discuss resettlement issues due to the project activities.
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During these meeting, awareness of Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) was raised and explained to all participants and local authorities in the project areas.
E. Grievance Redress Mechanism 8. Grievance redress mechanism has been designed to ensure that the concerns and complaints of the AHs are readily addressed at in a timely and satisfactory manner. In cases where APs do not have the writing skills or are unable to express their grievances verbally, it is a common practice that APs are allowed to seek assistance from any recognized local NGO or other family members, village heads or community chiefs to have their complaints or grievances written for them. APs will be allowed to have access to the DMS or contract document to ensure that all the details have been recorded accurately enabling all parties to be treated fairly. Throughout the grievance redress process, the responsible committee will ensure that the concerned APs are provided with copies of complaints and decisions or resolutions reached. EDC/SEPRO will be responsible for all administrative and legal fees that will be incurred in the resolution of grievance and complaints.
F. Le gal and Policy Framework 9. This URP-P2 has been prepared to address resettlement impacts in order to be consistent with 2009 ADB Safeguard Policy Statement and relevant laws and regulations of the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC), notably the 1993 Constitution, the 2001 Land Law, 2010 expropriation law, etc.
G. Entitlement, Assistance and Benefits 10. Owners of productive trees that yield fruits every year or season are eligible for compensation as the trees can contribute to their livelihood. Cash compensation will be at replacement cost which is based on the rates from the Repalcement Cost Study (RCS) in 2014 factor with inflations to 2018 (5 years). The AHs will be allowed to harvest their annual and perennial crops and timber products prior to commencement of construction. However, trees that have only one-time value, basically trees for timber and naturally grown, will not be compensated due to those affected households they can sell it at present market value when trees are cut.
H. Resettlement Budget and Financial Plan 11. The resettlement cost has been estimated based on results of the DMS and determined under the rates with 5 years inflation. The cost for all compensation, resettlement assistances under Updated RP-P2 will be financed under the project, ADB Loan. The total cost of the resettlement impacts is estimated at US$39,389.33 including one-time assistance/allowance to 38 vulnerable AHs.
I. Imple mentation Arrangements 12. EDC is the Executing Agency (EA) and through the Social, Environment and Public Relations Office (SEPRO) coordinates with PIC for preparing, updating, implementing, and financing the URP- P2. EDC/Social, Environment and Public Relations Office (SEPRO) is responsible for resettlement operations and management of the project: (1) Implement this URP as approved; and (2) act as internal monitor to supervise the activities regarding social impacts of the project including: (i) Documentation of impacts and benefits including recording and photographs of assets to avoid potential later grievances; (ii) Informing the communities and APs of their rights under the URP; (iii) Collect information from the APs to determine level of AP satisfaction; and (iv) Ensure full compensation to APs.
J. Monitoring and Reporting 13. The central role of monitoring activities is to ensure that all compensation payment/arrangements including negotiated settlement are based on meaningful consultation with APs. The EDC/SEPRO together with PIC shall document the negotiation process and all payment to AHs. EDC/SEPRO will prepare quarterly monitoring report with assistance from the PIC and submit to ADB.
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I. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Project Background 14. Medium-Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project “Project Loan No. 2979” will expand the electricity sub-transmission infrastructure by constructing about 2,155 km of 22 kV sub-transmission lines in the provinces of Kampong Cham, Kampong Thom, and Siem Reap (Package 1); while the Package 2, approximately of 480km of transmission lines, there are covering at the provinces of Kandal, Kampong Thom, Siem Reap, and Banteay Meachey.
15. Generally, a Corridor of Impact (COI) of the project is within Right-of-Way (ROW) which is the state public land. No physical relocation will be required, and potential impact will be limited to the installation of concrete poles using about 0.2 m2 of land and the stringing of conductors requiring tree branches to be trimmed. However, some trees may need to be removed in some villages and market areas.
16. The 22 kV sub-transmission lines will be connected from grid-substations in provincial towns to the existing and new low-voltage distribution lines owned and operated by rural electricity enterprises (REEs). EDC will own, operate and maintain the 22 kV sub- transmission lines installed under the project. The ownership and the responsibility in operating and managing the low-voltage distribution networks will remain of the respective REEs and EDC will supply electricity to REEs under a separate Power Purchase Agreement (PPA).
1.2 Project Description 17. This URP-P2 covers the upgrading of Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project (Package-2) within the four said provinces of Cambodia.
18. The loan Project, Package 2 will finance the constructing of 480 km of Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Lines, with new four (4) phases 22 kV overhead sub-transmission lines including short lengths of 22kV underground cable, the installation of 22kV/0.4kV distribution transformers, advanced electronic metering for all distribution’s transformers, auto reclosing circuit breakers and automatic voltage regulators to improve reliability and voltage performance.
19. The MV lines will pass along the existing roads within the ROW of the National Road, Provincial Road and Rural Roads (which is already cleared and compensated under other projects) will be strung from concrete poles located approximately 60m to 80m interval between each pole (see Figure 1). Any transformer required will be pole-mounted which will avoid any land requirement. During the final design of the MV lines, they will be sited to avoid houses and livelihood assets to the maximum extent possible. However, during the implementation, some route lines in the three provinces were re-alignment basically on the actual site (394.5km), to minimize the adverse impacts of the location.
20. Construction will involve mainly manual activities and will be confined to small-scale works including transporting poles to the road side, erection of poles, stringing of line conductors and erection of poles mounted transformers where required. No excavation is required other than auguring a hole for the pole footing. Removal or trimming of some roadside trees may be required to ensure appropriate safety clearances for the power lines. The blue color lines indicated the MV lines, see the project location map in figure 3 below.
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Figure 1: Basic drawing of sub-transmission line
Figure 2: Typical cross section of sub-transmission line
1.3 Proje ct Location and Scope 21. The Package 2, Medium Voltage (MV) Sub-Transmission Expansion of 480km of 22kV sub-transmission lines traverses along the National Road (NR), Provincial Road (PR) and Rural Roads in the said four provinces. These lines will be connected from grid- substations in provincial towns to the existing lines. The lines will pass along existing roads within the right-of-way (ROW) of the national road and the rural roads and will be stringed from concrete poles where is located 50~100m apart (MV) with each pole requiring approximately 0.2 m2 of land area (Figure 1).
22. The site inspection for resettlement impact verification of all feeders and also updating resettlement plan (Package 2) were conducted on October 2017 together with the Package 1 by Resettlement Specialist of the project implementation consultant (PIC) to follow-up on each feeders, especially the location of electric poles equipped transformer that found some resettlement impacts were found. Four provinces were inspected and number of affected households and affected fruit trees verified within the project targeted areas.
Table 1: Work Scope under Package 2 Sub-projects Route lines (km) Province Subproject 1: 226 circuit-kilometer (cct-km) Siem Reap Subproject 2: 142 circuit-kilometer (cct-km) Kam pong Thom Subproject 3: 63 circuit-kilometer (cct-km) Banteay Meanchey Subproject 4: 49 circuit-kilometer (cct-km) Kandal Source: Contractor, 2017
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23. Any transformer required will be pole-mounted which will avoid any land requirement. During the final design of the MV lines, they will be sited to avoid houses and livelihood assets to the maximum extent possible.
1.4 M easures Adopted to Minimize Resettlement 24. The following measures have adopted to minimize resettlement before and during implementation stage:
a) Some lines have been re-routed during final design due to presence of newly constructed lines both by other EDC projects and by REEs. Therefore, the lines needed to be re-routed or shifted to other places and number of affected households updated based on the adjusted route lines;
b) Many roads have been rehabilitated and expanded, so some house and trees within the Right-Of-Way have been compensated and moved or removed by the road projects implemented earlier (e.g. Phnom Penh Ring Road 2); and
c) Distances of concrete poles were adjusted closer to road centerline to minimize impacts. So, the numbers of affected household reduced.
Figure 3: Project location map & the MV line routes in Kandal province
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Figure 4: Project location map & the MV line routes in Kampong Thom province
Figure 5: Project location map & the MV line routes in Siem Reap province
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Figure 6: Project location map & the MV line routes in Banteay Meanchey province
II. PROJECT IMPACTS 2.1 Introduction 25. The resettlement impacts are not significant. The poles will be located to avoid disturbance to land owners and the conductors will be fixed at 10 meters’ height resulting in a very low impact on vegetation and structures. Limited scope of construction activities involving small team of workers, minimal use of powered mechanical equipment and excavation or drilling for installing of poles will further ensure minizing impacts.
2.2 M ethodology Used in Updating the Resettlement Plan 26. The impact assessment involved conduct of DMS, SES, consultation meeting with all affected households and local authorities. All affected trees/assets located inside the COI were identified and counted along the route line in all project areas. Likewise, the severity of impact on the affected assets, livelihoods and productive capacity of AHs were determined. However, since route lines were re-alignments during the project implementation based on the actual site locations, the socio-economic survey, DMS, and public consultation meeting were carried out again from 20 April to 03 May 2018 by PIC for the updating of the resettlement plan.
Data Gathering Instrument
27. The basic tool used in the DMS and SES of AHs was the survey questionnaire. Detailed socio-economic information on AHs, whose assets will/might be affected, was obtained with the use of the survey questionnaire in Khmer. The questionnaire covered concerns on socio-economic conditions of the AH and beneficiaries, in addition to basic information on the household head, such as gender, age, educational attainment, and primary source of income. It also included details of the affected assets and income, and AHs’ perception on the project.
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28. The URP-P2 was developed based on resettlement plan approved in December 2014 and the DMS results. The total number of AHs is 118 of which 35 is in Banteay Meanchey, 58 in Siem Reap, and 25 in Kampong Thom (the details presents in Table 6).
Basic Unit Cost of Affe cted Assets/Trees
29. The RCS of affected assets in the project area was carried out in 2014 by the research team which was led by a local resettlement specialist. The main objective of the RCS was to determine the rate of productive trees for costing the compensation and assistance budget. In compliance with ADB safeguard policy 2009, the rates of affected assets/trees were updated to market price of 2018.
Table 2: Unit Price of Trees by type of Productive Tree Inflati Cost of on Yield per year Seedlin Year for Unit Rates rates Rates No. Description Unit Qty g Compen- Cost in 2014 in 2018 USD/ Sation USD USD / Total Unit Qty Unit USD Unit
1 Coconut Tree 1 Fruit 30 0.25 7.50 0.5 5 7.50 38.0 6.08 44.08 2 Tamarind Tree 1 Lump Sum 5.50 0.5 6 5.50 33.5 5.36 38.86 3 Jackfruit Tree 1 Fruit 5 2.00 10.00 0.5 4 10.00 40.5 6.48 46.98 4 Sour fruit/Krasaing Tree 1 Fruit 200 0.03 6.00 0.5 4 6.00 24.5 3.92 28.42 Jambolan 4.88 5 Tree 1 Kg 40 0.15 6.00 0.5 5 6.00 30.5 35.38 plum/Pring 6 June plum/Mkak Tree 1 Kg 24 0.25 6.00 0.5 5 6.00 30.5 4.88 35.38 7 Milk fruit/Teuk Dos Tree 1 Fruit 100 0.10 10.00 0.5 5 10.00 50.5 8.08 58.58 8 Mango Tree 1 Lump Sum 10.00 1.0 5 10.00 51.0 8.16 59.16 9 Sugar Palm Tree 1 Kg 20 0.40 8.00 0.5 8 8.0 64.5 10.32 74.82 10 A reca palm/Sla tree 1 dozen 40 0.20 8.00 1.0 3 8.00 25.0 4.00 29.00 11 Other tree Tree 1 Lump Sum 10.0 1.60 11.60 Data source: Project Survey Conducted from September 2014 with the calculation of the supplementary income changes comm odity price, Dec. 2018
2.3 Affe cted Trees 30. The DMS was conducted along the sub-transmission line within the COI and there are 415 productive trees of various species and ages were affected owned by 118 AHs.
Table 3: Total number of affected trees for compensation by type of trees # of Tota l Cost including 16% No Crops a nd Trees Affected Unit Cost inflation 1 Tree s 1 Coconut 134 44.08 5,906.72 2 Tamarind 7 38.86 272.02 3 Jackfruit 11 46.98 516.78 4 Sour fruit (Krasaing) 6 28.42 170.52 5 Pring/Jambolan Plum 1 35.38 35.38 6 Mkak/June Plum 1 35.38 35.38
1 Source: https://www.acledabank.com.kh/kh/eng/fi_keyecoindicator
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# of Tota l Cost including 16% No Crops a nd Trees Affected Unit Cost inflation 1 Tree s 7 Mango 99 59.16 5,856.84 Milk Fruit/ Teuk Dos 8 7 58.58 410.06 Kou 9 Palm tree 77 74.82 5,761.14 10 Areca palm 6 29 174.00 11 Other Trees 66 11.6 765.60 TOTAL 415 19,904.44 Data source: SES, IOL on April to May 2018 (SES team works)
2.4 Number of Affe cted Households (AHs) 31. The results of the SES and DMS indicates that the project will affect a total of 118 households with affected people of 550. The total of 118AHs, 79 AHs are male-headed, while 39 AHs are female headed. It is noted that Kandal section has no resettlement impact since the DED Medium Voltage route lines are:
a. On the cleared and compensated road right of way (e.g. Phnom Penh Ring Road 2 and Ring Road 3); b. Existing right of way of the irrigation canal; and c. Using underground cables.
Table 4: Number of AHs with Affected Trees for compensation by type No. # of Provinces District Commune Villages # of AHs of Affected DPs Trees Baek Chan 9 Svay Chek Rolus 2 Thmey 12 Mongkul Borei Chamnoam Chamnoam 2 9 Lech 8 Banteay Kuok 9 Meanchey Kdeub Thmar 2 Rom eath 7 Thmar Puok Banteay Prey Sangha 6 28 21 Chhmar Thlouk 10 47 32 Phnum Srok Nam Tau Kong Siem 13 61 44 Chi Kraeng Khvav Kam bor Or 19 89 64 Khan Sar 8 32 24 Siem Reap Khvav Keuth 13 61 29 Angkor chum Kuol Kuol 2 9 6 Ta Kuoy 16 75 85 Kom pong Prasat 117 Chhuk Trapeang Sala 25 Thom Sambour 83 TOTAL 118 550 415 Data source: SES, IOL on April to May 2018 (SES team works)
Table 5: Household Head of Affected Households (AHs) by Ge nder Female Male TOTAL (N&%) Provinces District Commune N % N % N % Svay Chek Rolus 0 0.00% 2 1.70% 2 1.70% Mongkul Borei Chamnoam 0 0.00% 2 1.70% 2 1.70% Banteay Kuok Romeath 0 0.00% 2 1.70% 2 1.70% Meanchey Thmar Puok Banteay Chhm 4 3.40% 12 10.20% 16 13.60% Phnum Srok Nam Tau 6 5.10% 7 5.90% 13 11.00%
9 ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2
Female Male TOTAL (N&%) Provinces District Commune N % N % N % Chi Kraeng Khvav 9 7.60% 10 8.50% 19 16.10% Siem Reap Angkor chum Kuol 6 5.10% 33 28.00% 39 33.10% Kompong Thom Prasat Sambour Chhuk 14 11.90% 11 9.30% 25 21.20% Total 39 33.10% 79 66.90% 118 100.00% Data source: SES, IOL on April to May 2018 (SES team works)
2.5 Vulnerable AHs 32. Among all household heads of the 118 AHs, 2 AHs are disable, 19 AHs are female headed households, 2 AHs live below Cambodia poverty line, and 15 AHs are elderly household heads. These affected vulnerable households will entitle to one-time allowance equal to two months of Cambodia national minimum2 wage (US$170/month). Total vulnerable affected households are 38 AHs without double counting.
Ite m Vulnerability No. of AHs 1 Female Headed household 19 2 Disable Headed household 2 3 Below Cambodia poverty line (28.39$/capita/month3) 2 4 Elderly Household head 15 Total 38
III. SOCIO-ECONOMIC INFORMATION AND PROFILE 33. Kandal is one of the four (04) provinces included in the URP-P2. The route lines in Kandal were realign and can avoid all impact on the asset along the COI. During the study the no sample from Kandal was selected for the SES as no affected household. The total socio-economic survey household 71 AHs out of 118 AHs (in other three provinces) which equals to 60% of total affected households in Kampong Thom, Siem Reap and Banteay Meanchey.
34. The main objective of the SES is to establish baseline survey by collecting accurate statistical information about living standad of the AHs. The topics covered in the questionnaire survey were basic demography, literacy and education, economically active population, housing condition, possession of durable goods and livestock, household expenditure and income.
3.1 Population and Household Composition 35. The total number of studied households is 71HHs (71 respondents is representative of 118AHs), which is composed of a population of 365. The population is comprised of 179 (49.00%) females and 186 (51.00%) males. Table 8 shows the details of population, sex ratio, as well as household size of the three provinces. An average household size is 5.14 and sex ratio is 103.91.
Table 6: Population and Household Composition Population and Household Composition Sex Ratio Number of Average Both Male Female Stratum * Households HH Size No % No % No %
2 https://w w w.just-style.com/new s/new -cambodia-minimum-w age-law -edges-closer_id133767.aspx 3 Asian Development Bank, Cambodia Country Poverty Analysis, 2014 10 ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2
Banteay 20 5.15 103 28.20% 51 14.00% 52 14.20% 98.08 Meanchey Siem Reap 38 5.37 204 55.90% 103 28.20% 101 27.70% 101.98 Kampong Thom 13 4.46 58 15.90% 32 8.80% 26 7.10% 123.08 Kandal 0 ------TOTAL 71 5.14 365 100.00% 186 51.00% 179 49.00% 103.91 Data source: Project Survey conducted from April to May 2018. *Sex Ratio = (Number of male) / (Number of female) x 100(%).
3.2 Age Structure and Dependency 36. The survey results for the age-sex distribution of the affected commune are set out in Table 9. This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-5 years, 6-13 years, 14-18 years, 19-60 years, 60 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation’s key socioeconomic issues. They indicate a young population, with about 38.1% under 18 years old. With young populations (high percentage under age 18) need to invest more in schools, while with older populations (high percentage ages 60 and over) need to invest more in the health sector.
Table 7: Age – Se x Distribution of Sample HHs 0-5 6 – 13 14 – 18 19 – 60 60 + Stratum Population No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % Male 51 1 0.30% 10 2.70% 5 1.40% 31 8.50% 4 1.10% Banteay Female 52 3 0.80% 9 2.50% 7 1.90% 33 9.00% 0 0.00% Meanchey Total 103 4 1.10% 19 5.20% 12 3.30% 64 17.50% 4 1.10% Male 103 9 2.50% 18 4.90% 11 3.00% 59 16.20% 6 1.60% Siem reap Female 101 8 2.20% 17 4.70% 16 4.40% 49 13.40% 11 3.00% Total 204 17 4.70% 35 9.60% 27 7.40% 108 29.60% 17 4.70% Male 32 0 0.00% 9 2.50% 4 1.10% 15 4.10% 4 1.10% Kompong Thom Female 26 5 1.40% 6 1.60% 1 0.30% 6 1.60% 8 2.20% Total 58 5 1.40% 15 4.10% 5 1.40% 21 5.80% 12 3.30% TOTAL 365 26 7.10% 69 18.90% 44 12.10% 193 52.90% 33 9.00% Data source: SES, IOL on April to May 2018 (SES team works)
37. Although not significant statistically, the age-sex figures are valuable in demonstrating that this is, comparatively, an ageing population, with a predominantly middle-aged population with a bulge in the 20-24, 25-29 and 30-34 age group (13.40 %, 7.10 % and 4.70 % respectively) and a corresponding bulge in the 10-19-year-old age group (25.70 % of the population), while the youngest two age groups, 5-9-year-old, have only 8.00%. The relevance of these statistics is the likely higher impact on secondary school in- take in the project impact area than in the primary-school in-take.
Figure 7: Age Pyramid by 5 years of Age Group
11 ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE M edium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2
Data source: SES, IOL on April to May 2018 (SES team works)
3.3 Ethnic Group and Religion 38. 100.0% of affected household heads are Khmer and Khmer speaking. There is none of ethnic group in the project area.
39. Buddhism has been the dominant religion in Cambodia, in one form or another, since the reign of Jayavarman VII (c. 1181-1200). In Cambodia, Buddhism is currently estimated to be the faith of 95% of the population, but through the survey results it was found up to 100.0 % is Buddhism.
3.4 Literacy of AHs (HHHs and Spouses) 40. The male household head literacy rates are 79.50% and female spouse literacy rates are 64.40%. There is a big gap (15.10%) between the literacy rates of male household heads and their spouses. Among 32 female household heads, 20 (62.50%) of them are literate. Women, in general, receive less education than men, especially widows. The survey results show that female HH is 15.10% less literate than male HH. Therefore, women enter the labor market with a lower education and less vocational skills than men. Even though they (men and women) do the same job and same quality of work, sometimes women still get a salary less than men.
Table 8: Literacy of AHs’ Head and Spouses Female AH Head Male AH Head Spouse Stratum # AH Yes % # AH Yes % # AH Yes % Banteay Meanchy 6 4 12.50% 14 9 23.10% 17 12 20.30% Siem reap 20 12 37.50% 18 15 38.50% 32 19 32.20% Kompong Thom 6 4 12.50% 7 7 17.90% 10 7 11.90% TOTAL 32 20 62.50% 39 31 79.50% 59 38 64.40% Data source: SES, IOL on April to May 2018 (SES team works)
41. Adult literacy rate, on the other hand; is the percentage of the population aged 15 years and over who can both read and write a simple message in any language. The Table 11 presents an adult literacy rate of both male and female of 58.60% which is considerably a little bit low and the single literacy rate of male and female 31.50% and 27.10% respectively.
Table 9: Adult Lite racy of Age 15 and Over Both Sex Male Female Stratum Pop. Yes % Pop. Yes % Pop. Yes % Banteay Meanchy 103 73 20.00% 40 35 9.60% 45 38 10.40% 12 ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2
Siem reap 204 113 31.00% 77 60 16.40% 69 53 14.50% Kom pong Thom 58 28 7.70% 31 20 5.50% 12 8 2.20% TOTAL 365 214 58.60% 148 115 31.50% 126 99 27.10% Data source: SES, IOL on April to May 2018 (SES team works)
3.5 Educational Attainment of the Population 42. Since 2000, education for all Cambodians has been re-energized by the world’s commitment to the Millennium Development Goal (MDG). Based on its commitment toward the MDG, RGC, with assistance from its development partners and NGO communities, has made their efforts to develop a National Education Plan. Furthermore, the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport has developed the Education for all policy documents. Cambodian MDG (Global MDG2) aims ‘to ensure that by 2015, all children will be able to complete a full course of 9-year basic education’. (Source: Cambodia Millennium Development Goals Report November 2003).
Table 10: Education Attainment of Population aged 5 years and over Not yet Finishe Not yet Not yet finishe Finishe d Finished None / Not finished finished d d high prim ar secondary Yet Total high primary second Stratum Gender school y school Schooling school school ary school school % % % % % % % % Male 0.30% 2.20% 0.80% 2.70% 0.30% 5.20% 2.20% 13.70% Banteay Meanchey Female 1.10% 3.60% 0.50% 1.10% 0.80% 3.30% 3.00% 13.40% Total 1.40% 5.80% 1.40% 3.80% 1.10% 8.50% 5.20% 27.10% Male 1.10% 6.30% 0.80% 4.70% 0.30% 9.90% 2.70% 25.80% Siem reap Female 0.00% 3.60% 1.60% 6.60% 0.00% 10.40% 3.30% 25.50% Total 1.10% 9.90% 2.50% 11.20% 0.30% 20.30% 6.00% 51.20% Male 0.30% 2.70% 1.10% 0.30% 0.50% 2.20% 1.60% 8.80% Kg Thom Female 0.00% 0.30% 0.30% 3.00% 0.00% 1.60% 1.10% 6.30% Total 0.30% 3.00% 1.40% 3.30% 0.50% 3.80% 2.70% 15.10% TOTAL 2.70% 18.60% 5.20% 18.40% 1.90% 32.60% 14.00% 93.40% Data source: SES, IOL on April to May 2018 (SES team works)
43. In the Project area, 18.40% of the population (both male and female) has no or little education. The difference of none and little education between sexes is almost the same of 45.20% for female and 48.20% for male. 18.60% of education attainment for both male and female has at least completed primary education. As shown in the above Table, there are only 5.20 % who have completed lower secondary schooling, and 2.70% who have completed high school. None of them has attended post-secondary education.
3.6 Current School Atte ndance 44. Information on school attendance was collected in respect of the population aged from 6 to 11 years old. School attendance was defined as enrolment and studying at a primary and lower secondary school. School attendance in primary education is 45.80%, while lower secondary school is 8.30%. The percentage of primary school attendance is higher than the Lower secondary school attendance due to most of pupils in primary school, who are too young/small and they often leave school after a few months of school enrolment/registration.
45. At the present, most of the families send and encourage their daughters to go to school in higher level of education. The Table 13 shows that about 5.60% of female pupils have attended lower secondary school.
Table 11: Current School Attendance for Primary and Lower Secondary
13 ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2
Primary School Lower Secondary School Stratum Gender Age: 6-11 Attending % Age: 12-14 Attending % Male 10 5 6.90% 0 0 0.00% Banteay Meanchey Fem ale 6 3 4.20% 3 2 2.80% Total 16 8 11.10% 3 2 2.80% Male 11 9 12.50% 7 0 0.00% Siem reap Fem ale 9 8 11.10% 9 2 2.80% Total 20 17 23.60% 16 2 2.80% Male 6 6 8.30% 5 2 2.80% Kampong Thom Fem ale 4 2 2.80% 2 0 0.00% Total 10 8 11.10% 7 2 2.80% TOTAL 46 33 45.80% 26 6 8.30% Data source: SES, IOL on April to May 2018 (SES team works) 3.7 Affe cted Households’ Head Engaged in Farming and No-farming 46. About 85.90% of household heads are working on farms, while non-farming is 2.80% (Other rests 11.30% are aged or disable or unable to work.). A sizeable number of male and female household heads surveyed (38 persons or 53.50% and 23 persons or 32.40%, respectively) are engaged in farming. The Table shows that the percentage of household heads working on farms is higher in Siem Reap province with 40.80%.
Table 12: Farming and Non-Farming Affected Households’ Head Non activity Non-farming On farming Stratum Number of Households No. % No. % No. % Female 6 1 1.40% 0 0.00% 5 7.00% Banteay Meanchey Male 14 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 14 19.70% Total 20 1 1.40% 0 0.00% 19 26.80% Female 20 6 8.50% 2 2.80% 12 16.90% Siem reap Male 18 1 1.40% 0 0.00% 17 23.90% Total 38 7 9.90% 2 2.80% 29 40.80% Female 6 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 6 8.50% Kampong Thom Male 7 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 7 9.90% Total 13 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 13 18.30% Female 32 7 9.90% 2 2.80% 23 32.40% TOTAL Male 39 1 1.40% 0 0.00% 38 53.50% Total 71 8 11.30% 2 2.80% 61 85.90% Data source: SES, IOL on April to May 2018 (SES team works)
3.8 M ain Sources of Income of Affected Households 47. According to the survey, the main sources of income of the AHs include 83.10% agricultural production, followed by 11.30% depend on remittance, and 2.80% from wage/salary. Business/trade are also other main sources of household income from their jobs in other places with 2.80% as well.
Table 13: Main Source of Income of the AHs Project Banteay Kampong Provinces Survey Meanchey Siem Reap Thom Number of Households 71 20 38 13 Item N % N % N % N % Wages/salary 2 2.80% 0 0.00% 2 2.80% 0 0.00% Farm ing/Agricultural 5 2 38.00 Production 9 83.10% 19 26.80% 7 % 13 18.30% Rem ittance 8 11.30% 1 1.40% 7 9.90% 0 0.00% Business, trade 2 2.80% 0 0.00% 2 2.80% 0 0.00% 7 3 53.50 Total 1 100.00% 20 28.20% 8 % 13 18.30% Data source: SES, IOL on April to May 2018 (SES team works)
14 ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2
3.9 Affe cted Households Income 48. Under the survey purposes, the affected household income included earnings and receipts from all sources received by all household members during the last year. Participants in the economic activity include employers, own account workers, employees or unpaid family workers, rentals (house, land, equipment, etc.) or recipient of pensions, grants, etc.
49. A significant number (53.80%) of male household heads reported that they are earning an annual income higher than USD 500 to 1,000 (among them, 25.60% earning more than USD 1,000 to USD1,500 a year), while 5.10% reported an annual income equal or less USD 500. But only 5.10% of the male household heads reported that their earnings are higher than USD3,000 a year.
Table 14: Annual Income (USD) of AHs Headed by Males <= 500 500+ - 1,000 1,000+ -1,500 1,500+ -2,000 2,000+ - 2,500 2,500+ - 3,000 3,000+ TOTAL Stratum N % N % N % N % N % N % N % N % Bantea y Meanchey 0 0.00% 5 12.80% 5 12.80% 3 7.70% 1 2.60% 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 14 35.90% Siem reap 0 0.00% 12 30.80% 4 10.30% 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 2 5.10% 18 46.20% Kampong Thom 2 5.10% 4 10.30% 1 2.60% 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 7 17.90% TOTAL 2 5.10% 21 53.80% 10 25.60% 3 7.70% 1 2.60% 0 0.00% 2 5.10% 39 100.00 % Data source: SES, IOL on April to May 2018 (SES team works)
50. Likewise, only 46.90% of female household heads reported that they are earning an annual income higher than USD 500, while 21.90% reported an annual income between USD 1,000 and USD 1,500. The details in the below Table:
Table 15: Annual Income (USD) of AHs Headed by Fe males <= 500 500+ - 1,000 1,000+ -1,500 1,500+ -2,000 2,000+ - 2,500 2,500+ - 3,000 3,000+ TOTAL Stratum N % N % N % N % N % N % N % N % BTM C 0 0.00% 4 12.50% 0 0.00% 2 6.30% 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 6 18.80% SR 2 6.30% 9 28.10% 5 15.60% 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 1 3.10% 3 9.40% 20 62.50% KHT 2 6.30% 2 6.30% 2 6.30% 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 6 18.80% TOTAL 4 12.50% 15 46.90% 7 21.90% 2 6.35% 0 0.00% 1 3.12% 3 9.40% 32 100.00% Data source: SES, IOL on April to May 2018 (SES team works)
3.10 Sanitation
3.10.1 Water Sources for Drinking and Cooking
51. Of the interviewed households in the Project area, only 2.80% use pipe water from waterworks, 31.00% use water from protected wells, while 18.30% from unprotected wells. Moreover, 12.70% buy clean water during the dry season for their daily consumption and approximately 12.70% use conserved rainwater during the dry season. On the other hand, lakes/ponds are also the main sources of water of the people belong to 12.70%, while 7AHs used water from stream/river.
Table 16: Water Sources for Drinking and Cooking
Unprotecte Buying Lake/pond Protected w ell Rain water Stream/river d w ell Pipe. W
Stratum #HHs No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % 9.90 2.80 0.00 1.40 BTMC 20 7 2 5 7.00% 2 2.80% 3 4.20% 0 1 % % % % SR 38 2 2.80 7 9.90 8 11.30% 7 9.90% 4 5.60% 9 12.70 1 1.40 % % % % 0.00 0.00 5.60 0.00 KTH 13 0 0 9 12.70% 0 0.00% 0 0.00% 4 0 % % % % TOTAL 71 9 12.70 9 12.70 22 31.00% 9 12.70% 7 9.90% 13 18.30 2 2.80 % % % %
15 ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2
Data source: Project Survey conducted from April to May 2018.
52. Boiling water is by far the most common method for Cambodian people to protect from any bacteria. However, only 39.40% of the interviewed households always boil their drinking water, while 32.40% of the interviewed households sometimes boil water before drinking. 28.20% drink water without boiling.
Table 17: Boiling Water for Drinking No Yes, always Yes, sometimes Stratum ## HHs No. % No. % No. % Banteay Meanchey 20 8 11.30% 6 8.50% 6 8.50% Siem Reap 38 8 11.30% 16 22.50% 14 19.70% Kampong Thom 13 4 5.60% 6 8.50% 3 4.20% TOTAL 71 20 28.20% 28 39.40% 23 32.40% Data source: Project Survey conducted from April to May 2018.
53. Approximately 32.40% of interviewed households have water from protect well for washing/bathing during the dry season. Wells are the most common water sources for the local people (28.20%) to make a bath and wash (Water sources for washing and bathing in below Table).
Table 18: Water Sources for Washing and Bathing Protected Unprotected # Buying Lake/pond Rain water Stream/river Waterworks Stratum well well HHs No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % BTMC 20 3 4.20% 6 8.5% 7 9.9% 0 0.0% 4 5.6% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% SR 38 1 1.40% 7 9.9% 8 11.3% 1 1.4% 5 7.0% 15 21.1% 1 1.4% KTH 13 0 0.00% 0 0.0% 8 11.3% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 5 7.0% 0 0.0% TOTAL 71 4 5.60% 13 18.3% 23 32.4% 1 1.4% 9 12.7% 20 28.2% 1 1.4% Data source: Project Survey conducted from April to May 2018.
3.10.2 Toile t
54. In the Project area, 62.0% of the interviewed households have own latrine, while 38.0% do not have access to toilet facilities as they depend on “open defecation” or sharing toilets with their relative/neighbors.
3.11 Ene rgy Sources for Lighting and Cooking 55. Battery is still the most commonly used energy source for lighting in Cambodia’s rural areas, where electricity is not available. In the Project area, 26.8% of the surveyed AHs claimed that they use rechargeable stationary batteries for lighting. Only 25.4% use publicly provided electricity (state electricity) as their source. No one use kerosene lamp was observed.
Table 19: Energy Sources for Lighting Battery Private generator Sola State Electricity Total Stratum No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. BTMC 4 5.60% 6 8.50% 1 1.40% 9 12.70% 20 28.20% SR 14 19.70% 5 7.00% 14 19.70% 5 7.00% 38 53.50% KTH 1 1.40% 5 7.00% 3 4.20% 4 5.60% 13 18.30% TOTAL 19 26.80% 16 22.50% 18 25.40% 18 25.40% 71 100.00% Data source: Project Survey conducted from April to May 2018.
16 ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2
56. Based on the survey results, 1.4% of interviewed households use liquefied petroleum gas as their source for cooking, while 49.3% and 49.3% use firewood and charcoal, respectively.
Table 20: Energy Sources for Cooking Charcoal Fire wood Gas TOTAL Stratum No. % No. % No. % No. % Banteay Meanchey 10 14.10% 10 14.10% 0 0.00% 20 28.20% Siem Reap 19 26.80% 18 25.40% 1 1.40% 38 53.50% Kampong Thom 6 8.50% 7 9.90% 0 0.00% 13 18.30% TOTAL 35 49.30% 35 49.30% 1 1.40% 71 100.00% Data source: Project Survey conducted from April to May 2018.
3.12 Transportation 57. Bicycles are the most commonly used as a mode of transportation in rural areas, while motorcycles are more conveniently and more commonly used in urban areas. In the study, it reveals that around 31.09% of interviewed households have bicycles and 38.66% have motorbikes. Only a small number of 0.84% of the households have the car (pickup/minivan) for own using as many purposes. It was estimated that the average value of transport equipment in the Project area is around USD726 per household.
Table 21: Transport Equipment and Its Values Stratum Total Value (USD) Total Household = 119 # Hav ing % Bicycle 1931 37 31.09 Boat without engine 75 1 0.84 Car/ Pickup/Minivan 9000 1 0.84 Koyun 67350 33 27.73 Motorbike 52360 46 38.66 Truck 14000 1 0.84 Total 86415 119 100.00 Grand Total 86,415.00 Average / Household 726.18 Data source: Project Survey conducted from April to May 2018.
3.13 Household Appliances 58. Telephones are the most common household appliance among the AHs interviewed, with 54 households (46.15%) reporting that they own at least one up to more than three per household for hand phone. The second most common appliance is TV/VRC/VCP (14.53%). Table 27 shows the percentage of households owning other types of electrical appliances, such as 4.27% owning radio/cassette players, and 0.85% owning computer. It was estimated that the average value of other assets in the target area is around USD 38.03 per household.
Table 22: Household Appliances and Its Values Total Household = 117 No. Stratum Total Value (USD) # Hav ing % 1 Computer 620 1 0.85 2 DVD/CD Player 120 4 3.42 3 Electric Fan 405.5 30 25.64 4 Generator 300 1 0.85 5 Oven/Stove 50 5 4.27 6 Radio/Cassette Player 29 5 4.27 7 Telephone 1160 54 46.15 8 Television 1765 17 14.53
17 ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2
TOTAL 4449.5 117 100.00 Grand Total 4,449.5 Ave rage / Household 38.03 Data source: Project Survey conducted from April to May 2018. 3.14 People’s Perception of the Project
59. AHs showed satisfaction with the Project since it was reported that 23.9% rated the Project as ‘very good’, and 71.8% rated it as ‘good’. However, about 4.2% of the total households rated the Project as ‘good and bad’.
Table 23: Satisfaction with the Project Project Survey BTMC SR KTH Items N % N % N % N % Both ( Good and Not Good ) 3 4.20% 0 0.00% 1 1.40% 2 2.80% Good 51 71.80% 14 19.70% 26 36.60% 11 15.50% Very Good 17 23.90% 6 8.50% 11 15.50% 0 0.00% Total 71 100.00% 20 28.20% 38 53.50% 13 18.30% Data source: Project Survey conducted from April to May 2018.
IV. INFORMATION DISCUSSION, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION 4.1 Consultation 60. The Consultation meetings were carried out during the implementation stage and during DMS. As results, there are ten (10) consultation meetings were conducted during the RP study, while the four venue meetings conducted in the implementation stage of the project. The total participants of 233 persons of which 130 participants are female. In addition, house to house consultation was also conducted with all 118 AHs in the project areas from 20 April to 03 May 2018. DMS and SES for this package 2 were also conducted at the same time.
61. During these consultation meetings, the 461 copies of PIBs had been distributed to all participants. Some PIBs was provided to Local authorities for the people who are absent in this the meeting. The fifty-seven (57) communes within the four provinces of the targeted areas were invited to join these meetings. The aim of the public consultation is to disclose the project to the community and discuss resettlement issues due to the project activities. During these meeting, awareness of Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) was raised and explained to all participants and local authorities in the project areas.
62. The following table presents the consultation meetings in the project areas.
Table 24: Schedule of Public Consultation Meetings During the Study PIB Total No Date Village Commune District Provinces Distribu Participa Female ted nts 1 3.Apr.2018 Kong Siem Nam Tau Phnum Srok Banteay Meanchy 40 18 8
2 4.Apr.2018 Thlok Banteay C hmar Thma Puok Banteay Meanchy 70 47 30
3 4.Apr.2018 Kdeb Thma Kork Romeath Thma Puok Banteay Meanchy 80 45 26
4 23.Apr.2018 Kambor Or Khvav C hi Kraeng Siem reap 26 20 17
5 30.Apr.2018 Trapeang Sala C hhuk Prasat Sambour Kompong Thom 50 49 37
18 ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2
6 3.Apr.2018 Kong Siem Nam Tau Phnum Srok Banteay Meanchy 20 13 2
7 6.Apr.2018 Prey Sangha Banteay C hmar Banteay C hmar Banteay Meanchy 25 13 3
8 7.Apr.2018 Khvav Koul Angkor C hum Siem Reap 50 9 3
9 5.Apr.2018 Poy Angkor Takong M alai Banteay Meanchy 50 9 2 Chamnaom 10 5.Apr.2018 C hamnaom Mongkol Borey Banteay Meanchy 50 10 2 Lech Total 9 Villages 8 Communes 8 Districts 3 Provinces 461 233 130 Data source: Project Survey conducted from April to May 2018.
63. Topic discussed in the last meeting are: Brief information about the project and costs/benefits to economic developm ent of the country; Entitlement Matrix and eligible persons for the project and the status of vulnerable affected households (Vulnerability entitlements are explained as part of entitlement matrix but no separate meeting yet with vulnerable group at this stage); Explanation of the GRM and its process; Provide explanation of compensation at market rate; Phases of Connection Application and Submission in each sub-station; Connection fee, the deposit cost, and electricity usage fee (in PIB); and The PIB were distributed to all participants. 64. Below is the summary of the most questions asked during the consultation.
Table 25: Summary of Questions and Answers during Public Consultation Question Answer A P: What w ill the project do, if the project EDC/PIC: The project w ill avoid or minimize the negative affects people property or trees? And how much for impact on the private land and structures. In case there is a crop tree? affected tree and Aps can demonstrate that the trees contribute to their livelihood, i) compensation w ill be provided based on the current market price; ii) There is no compensation if the affected tree w ill be only trimmed. A P: Why there is no compensation of the affected EDC/PIC: This project w ill be funded by A DB loan; therefore, trees for the previous project? EDC agrees w ith policy set in the resettlement framew ork w hich w ill be in compliance w ith ADB SPS 2009. A P: How about the old sub-transmission line that EDC/PIC: The outcome of the sub-transmission line is has already connected, if the new sub- expanded supply of reliable and cost-effective grid electricity. transmission line w ill be connected later? The old one and the new one w ill be combined together for people use. On the other hand, the people not necessary to re- connect or payment for fee connection again, w hile they are already connected. A P: With this project (new sub-transmission line), EDC/PIC: The electricity price w ill be cheaper and more safety. how about the electricity price? A tariff table w ill be released before connection or operation. A P: When does the project implementation start EDC/PIC: Refer to the project schedule the project w as and complete? already implemented since 2017 and complete the w ork around the end of 2018. Local A uthority (CC) request: They request EDC EDC/PIC: The contractor w ill regular inform the local authority to inform them w hen the project is implemented. on implementation schedule before they start to install They w ill corporate w ith EDC for the project electricity poles by section. implementation is going smoothly.
4.2 Disclosure 65. The meeting was carried out on April and May 2018 to disclose the project situation, presented information on the project design, re-alignment of route lines, expected timing, scope of impacts, eligibility, entitlements, and the grievance redress mechanism. An information booklet in Khmer language was distributed to all participants in the meeting and 19 ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2 provided more to Local authorities for delivery to AHs who are not participation for information and recording, 461 PIBs were distributed (PIB in both Khmer and English attached in Annex 3 & 4).
V. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISMS 66. The project has established a grievance redress mechanism (GRM) to address complaints in a timely and satisfactory manner.
67. If Aps disagree with assistance options, they may present their questions or complaints to the local administrative officials and grievance committees either in person or in writing. In cases where Aps do not have the writing skills or are unable to express their grievances verbally, it is a common practice that Aps seek assistance from any recognized local NGO or other family members, village heads or community chiefs to have their complaints or grievances written for them. Aps will have access to the DMS or contract document to ensure that all the details have been recorded accurately enabling all parties to be treated fairly. Throughout the grievance redress process, the responsible committee will ensure that the concerned Aps are provided with copies of complaints and decisions or resolutions reached.
68. EDC/SEPRO will be responsible for all administrative and legal fees that will be incurred in the resolution of grievance and complaints. The grievance redress process includes four steps as below:
69. First Ste p (Village or Commune Level): Aps can present their complaints or grievances verbally or in writing to the Village Chief or Commune Chief or Contractor and EDC/SEPRO directly. The Village or Commune Chief will be obliged to provide immediate written confirmation of receiving the complaint and also to advise EDC/SEPRO. If after 15 days the aggrieved Aps do not hear from the Village or Commune Chief, or if they are not satisfied with the decision taken by the first stage, they may bring the complaint to the District Office.
70. Se cond Step (District Level): The District office has 15 days within which to resolve the complaint to the satisfaction of all concerned. If the complaints cannot be solved in this stage, the district office will bring the case to the Provincial Grievance Redress Committee.
71. Third Ste p (Provincial Level): The Provincial Grievance Redress Committee meets with the aggrieved party and tries to resolve the complaint. The Committee may ask for a review of the detail measurement survey (DMS) by the internal monitoring. Within 30 days of the submission of the grievance, the Committee must make a written decision and submit a copy of the same to the EDC/SEPRO, and the AH.
72. Fourth step (Court of Law): If the complainant does not hear from the PGRC or is not satisfied, he/she can bring the case to Provincial Court. The Court will make a written decision and submit copies to the executing agency. If any party is still unsatisfied with the Provincial Court judgment, he/she can bring the case to a higher-level court. However, EDC/SEPRO or Provincial Electricity where is the project located are responsible for participating/witnessing in all steps.
73. If efforts to resolve disputes using the grievance procedures remain unresolved or unsatisfactory, Aps have the right to directly discuss their concerns or problems with the ADB’s Environment, Natural Resources and Agriculture Division, Southeast Asia Department through the ADB Cambodia Resident Mission (CARM). If Aps are still not satisfied with the responses of CARM, they can directly contact the ADB Office of the Special Project Facilitator. The Office of the Special Project Facilitator procedure can proceed based on the accountability mechanism in parallel with the project implementation.
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VI. LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK 6.1 Cambodia Legal and Policy Framework 6.1.1 Re levant Laws (a) 1993 Constitution 74. The 1993 Constitution of Cambodia has established one governing principle in Article 44 pertaining to land acquisition. Article 44 states that “All persons, individually or collectively, shall have the right to ownership. Only Khmer legal entities and citizens of Khmer nationality shall have the right to own land. Legal private ownership shall be protected by law. The right to confiscate properties from any persons shall be exercised only in the public interest as provided for under the law and shall require fair and just compensation in advance.” (b) Land Law 75. The rights to land and property in Cambodia are governed by the 2001 Land Law, which are primarily based on the provisions of the 1993 Constitution. The law defines the scope of ownership of immovable properties, such as land, trees and fixed structures.
76. The Land Law, Article 5, states that “No person may be deprived of his ownership, unless it is in the public interest. Any ownership deprivation shall be carried out in accordance with the governing procedures provided by law and regulations, and after the payment of fair and just compensation in advance.”
77. Other provisions of the Land Law that are relevant to land acquisition, compensation and resettlement include:
Only legal possession as provided by law can be transformed to land ownership. (Article 6) Any regime of ownership of immovable property prior to 1979 shall not be recognized. (Article 7) Article 15 states that “the following properties are included as public properties of state and public legal entities: a) any property that has a natural origin, such as forests, courses and banks of navigable and floatable rivers or natural lakes and seashores; b) that is made available for public use such as quays of harbors, port, railways, railways station and airports; or, c) any property which is made available, either in its natural state or after development, for public use such as roads, track s, oxcart ways, pathways, gardens or public parks and reserved lands.” Article 18 states that “the following are null and void and cannot be made legal in any form whatever: a) any entering into possession of public properties of State and public legal entities and any transformation of possession of private properties of State into ownership rights that was not pursuant to the legal formalities and procedures that have been stipulated prior to that time, irrespective of the date of creation of possession or transformation; e) any entering into possession of private properties of State, through any means, that occurs after this law comes into effect”. Article 19 states that “any persons whose land title or factual circumstance fall within the scope of article 18 of this law shall not have the right to claim compensation or reimbursement of expenses paid for the maintenance or management of immovable property that was illegally occupied. Any illegal and intentional of fraudulent acquisition of public properties of state or of public legal entities shall be penalized pursuant to article 259 of this law. The penalties shall be doubled where any occupation of public properties because damages or delay to work s undertaken in the general interest, especially the occupation of roadway reversed land”.
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Ownership of immovable properties described in Article 25 is granted by the state to indigenous minorities 4 as collective ownership. This collective ownership includes all of the rights and protections as enjoyed by private owners. The exercise of collective ownership rights shall be subject to the responsibility of the traditional authorities and decision-making mechanisms of the indigenous community, according to their customs and subject to the laws of general enforcement related to immovable property such as the law on environmental protection. (Article 26). Persons with legally valid possession of land for five years (at the time the law came into effect) are allowed to be registered as the owner of the land (Article 30). Persons who (at the time the law came into effect) held legal possession but had not yet completed the five years were allowed to remain in possession until they were eligible to be registered as the owner. (Article 31). Any beginning of occupation for possession shall cease when this law comes into effect (article 29). After this law comes into force, any new occupant with title to an immovable property belonging to the public bodies or private persons shall be considered as illegal occupant and shall be subject to the penalties provided in Article 259 of this Law (Article s 34). Article 38 states that “in order to transform into ownership of immovable property, the possession shall be unambiguous, non-violent, and notorious to the public, continuous and in good faith”. Landless people may apply for land for residential and subsistence farming purposes at no cost, as part of a social land concessions scheme. The concessionaire may obtain ownership of this land after fulfilling conditions set out in a separate Sub-Decree on Social Land Concessions. (Articles 50, 51). (c) Expropriation Law Dec. February 2010 – procedures for acquiring private properties for national or public interest Article 2: the law has the following purposes: (i) ensure reasonable and just deprivation of a legal right to ownership of private property; (ii) ensure payment of reasonable and just prior compensation; (iii) serve the public and national interests; and (iv) development of public physical infrastructure. Article 7: Only the state may carry out an expropriation for use in the public and national interests. Article 8: The state shall accept the purchase of the remaining part of the real property left over from an expropriation at a reasonable and just price at the request of the owner of land/or the holder of rights in the expropriated real property, if he is no longer able to live near the expropriated scheme or build a residence or conduct any business. Article 16 states that “Prior to make any expropriation project proposal, the Expropriation Committee shall conduct a public survey by recording of a detailed description of all entitlements of the owners and/or of the holder of real right to immovable property and other properties subject to compensation as well as recording of all relevant issues.”
78. In conducting the survey, the Expropriation Committee shall organize public consultations at the Capital, Municipal-Provincial, and District-Khan authority levels with Commune/Sangkat councils and Village or community representative to be affected by the expropriation to provide specific and concise information and collect inputs from all stakeholders regarding the proposed basic public infrastructure project.
4 As per Article 23 of the Land Law, “An indigenous comm unity is a group of people that resides in Cam bodia whose mem bers manifest ethnic, social, cultural and econom ic unity and who practice a traditional lifestyle, and who cultivate the lands in their possession according to the customary rules of collective use.” 22 ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2
79. In order to set a dateline for the expropriation or relocation or compensation, the Expropriation Committee shall conduct a dateline interview with all concerned parties about the issues of immovable property to be affected by the public physical infrastructure project.
80. Within 30 (thirty) working days after the completion of the survey, the Expropriation Committee shall produce a report with recommendations and submits it to the Royal Government for approval.”
81. Article 22: Stipulates the amount of compensation to be paid to the owner of and/or holder of rights in the real property, which is based on the market value of the real property or the replacement cost as of the date of the issuance of the Prakas on the expropriation scheme. The market value or the replacement cost shall be determined by an independent commission or agent appointed by the expropriation committee.
6.1.2 Other Relevant Regulations 82. The private ownership of land was re-established in 1989, and confirmed in the 2001 Land Law (Article 4). Cambodians are able to register the land they occupy with the local Cadastral Administration Office, whereupon a certificate of land title is granted. Issuing land titles is a lengthy process and most offices have a major backlog of applications. People are given a receipt and until the official title deed is issued, this receipt is accepted as a proof of real occupant of the land for land purpose or sale.
83. The present legal status of land use in Cambodia can be classified as follows:
(i) Privately owned land with title: The owner has official title to land, and both owner and the Cadastral Administration Office have a copy of the deed. (ii) Privately owned land without title: The owner has made an application for title to land, and is waiting for the issuance of a title deed. The Cadastral Administration Office recognizes the owner. (iii) Land use rights certified by the Government: In this case, a receipt for long- term land use has been issued. This land use right is recognized by the Cadastral Administration Office. (iv) Le ase land: The Government or private owners lease the land, usually for a short period. There is provision for the owner to reclaim land if it is needed for development. (v) Non-legal occupation: The user has no land use rights to State land that he occupies or uses. The Cadastral Administration Office does not recognize the use of this land.
84. Sub-Decree on Social Land Concession, March 2003 – provides for allocations to landless people of state lands for free for residential or family farming purposes, including the provision of replacement land lost in the cases of involuntary resettlement.
85. Prakas No.6, entitled “Measures to Crack Down on Anarchic Land Grabbing and Encroachments”, sets the ROW for road and railway. In support of this Prakas, Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF) on 6 April 2000 issued Decree No.961 prohibiting compensation for structures and other assets located in the ROWs. Some Road dimensions are modified by the Sub-Decree No.197 adopted on 23 November 2009 on to Management of ROW along the National Road and Railway in Cambodia.
Table 26: Road and Railways ROW Dimensions Road Category ROW Dime nsions under ROW Dimensions under Prakas No.06 Sub-decree No.197 NR-1, 4, and 5 30 m from the centreline 30 m from the centreline Other 1-digit NRs 25 m from the centreline 30 m from the centreline
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All 1 – digit of NRs 30 m (Law of Road 2015) 2-digit NRs 25 m from the centreline 25 m from the centreline Provincial roads 20 m from the centreline not specified Commune roads 15 m from the centreline not specified Railway outside city, 30 m from the centreline 30 m from the centreline province and crowned place Railways in forest area 100 m from the centreline 100 m from the centreline Data ssource: MPWT (2013)
86. MEF Circular No.006 on the Resettlement Implementation Procedure for development projects dated on April 2nd, 2014. This new circular instructed clearly the administrative management and role and responsibility of all relevant Implementing Agency and Provinces in implementing the resettlement for development project.
6.2 Policy Gap Analysis 87. Law and regulation framework on resettlement and land issues are still in the stage of development in Cambodia, and some implementation documents and institutions are not yet prepared completely, however, RGC understands such situation and the SPS, and considers supplemental measures and assistance in URP on a case by case.
88. Thus, in terms of practical operation, there is not so much crucial gap between Cambodian country system and the SPS’s concept and requirements (see Table 34). Some other discussing points which are not mentioned clearly or concretely in Cambodian country system are also considered based on the SPS, this URP, and other relevant documents to fulfil gaps.
Table 27: Verification of and Comparison between Cambodian System and ADB Safe guard Policy Statement (June 2009) Law/Regulation in Actual Operation ADB Safeguard Policy No. Item Cambodia (officially (Gap Filling Statement promulgated ) Measures) Support system It is necessary to give Sub -Decree on Social Land Incom e restoration for socially appropriate consideration to Concession provides program and vulnerable vulnerable groups. allocations of free private assistance groups state land to landless people (allowance) to 1 of residential or fam ily vulnerable groups farm ing, including the will be prepared, replacement of land lost in depending on the the context of involuntary resettlement resettlement. impact. Assistance to Living standards and The government has no Incom e restoration restore and income opportunities, and clear policy or procedure to program will be improve living production levels of project restore the livelihood of Aps. prepared , 2 standards affected people should be depending on the im proved or at least resettlement restored to pre-project impact. levels. Enhancement of Appropriate participation of It is clearly declared in the Public consultation public Aps and their comm unities Expropriation Law (Article meetings and participation in should be promoted in 16) that in conducting a interview of AHs planning and planning, implementation survey of entitlements, public shall be conducted implementation of and monitoring of consultations shall be at appropriate 3 resettlement plan involuntary AHs and organized to provide specific stages according to measures taken against the and concise information and the SPS and the loss of their means of collect inputs from all Expropriation Law. livelihood. stakeholders regarding the proposed basic public
24 ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2
ADB Safeguard Policy Law/Regulation in Actual Operation No. Item Cambodia (officially (Gap Filling Statement promulgated ) Measures) infrastructure project and that a dateline interview with all concerned parties shall be conducted. Compensation for Prior compensation will be The amount of Negotiated land acquisition done with replacement cost, compensation to be paid to settlements, or with replacem ent which means that the owner of and/or holder of when negotiated cost compensation for lost real right to the immovable settlement is assets must be made in full property shall be based on unavoidable, amount at replacement cost the market price or compensation at 4 and at current market price. replacement cost as of the replacem ent cost, date of the issuance of the will be applied. declaration on the expropriation project. (the Expropriation Law (Article 22)) AHs residing in People to be resettled Under the Land Law 2001, Assistance to AHs the project involuntarily and those those who have occupied who are residing in affected area whose means of livelihood ROW or public property are the project affected before cut-off date will be hindered or lost not entitled to any area (including 5 should be sufficiently compensation or social public state land) at compensated and support. the time of cut-off supported by the project date will be proponents in appropriate prepared . time. Grievance redress Grievance redress system Grievance redress system is Grievance redress mechanism must be form ulated and stipulated in the system will be 6 must function appropriately. Expropriation Law; however, formulated. it has provisions to exclude public infrastructure projects .
VII. Entitlement, Assistance and Benefits 89. The project’s resettlement and assistance policies are to be in accordance with Cambodian law and other regulations as well as the SPS 2009. The URP-P2 aims to ensure that the losses incurred by Aps are redressed such that Aps share project benefits and are not worse off than they would have been without the project.
90. Under the RF of the project, economic trees that yield fruits every year or season are eligible for assistance if Aps can demonstrate that the trees contribute to their livelihood. If reliance cannot be demonstrated, or if the community leadership cannot confirm the use of the tree by a particular AP, then assistance will not be paid. Commercial trees that have only one-time value, basically trees for timber and naturally grown, will not be compensated because AH can sell it at present market value when tree is cut, but in the actual works for full compensation these trees were converted to other trees.
91. The entitlements adopted were guided by the applicable national laws and regulations and the ADB 2009 SPS. The public information has to be provided to the Aps (including disclosure of what would be a fair replacement cost or market rates). Table 35 below presents the entitlement matrix for the project following the agreed resettlement framework.
Table 28: Entitlement Matrix ELIGIBLE IMPLEMENTATION TYPE OF LOSS PERSONS ENTITTLEMENTS ISSUES A. Removable of Trees/crops
25 ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2
ELIGIBLE IMPLEMENTATION TYPE OF LOSS ENTITTLEMENTS PERSONS ISSUES Tree s located Persons who The clearance fee will . AHs to be notified at least immediately in front of can be full replacement cost 7 days in advance before the AP’s residence and demonstrate based on market value the start of civil works where the AP can that including recurring where the land will be demonstrate that the tree trees/crops production for a period utilized by the project. contributes to their contributes of five years without . Annual Crops – AHs will be income and livelihood. to their deduction for given 7 days’ notice that income and salvageable materials. the land on which their Crops located livelihood crops are planted will be immediately in front of used by the project and the AP’s residence such that they must harvest their as informal paddy, crops before the civil work. vegetable gardens, fruit . If crops cannot be bearing shrubs and other harvested due to crops which contribute to construction schedule, AHs income and livelihood. If are entitled to cash reliance cannot be compensation for the demonstrated, or if the affected crops at community leadership replacement cost. cannot confirm the use of . Remaining ROW is still the tree/crops by a public state land. particular AP, then assistance will not be paid. B. Removable of structures such as shops
Only where permanent Owner/renter Relocation of structure or . AHs to be notified at least removal required (this is of the shop assistance in relocating 15 days in advance before considered to be unlikely (and reconstructing) the the start of civil works as the MV/LV conductors shop in a location agreed where the land will be will maintain a safe by community utilized by the project. distance from shops and leadership. . AHs to get cash other structures) compensation at least 10 days ahead of civil works in the locality to allow the AHs sufficient time to gradually reorganize the house and/or shop, thereby avoiding any disruption in their livelihood. . AHs must completely cut, move back or relocate their structures to new site within 7 days after receiving compensation. . If the structure is found no longer viable for living, compensation will be paid for the entire structure. C. Perma nent la nd acquisition
In the unlikely event that Owner of the Acquisition of the . AHs to be notified at least poles need to be located affected affected land at full 15 days in advance before on private land. private land replacement cost. the start of civil works in the locality of the actual date that the land will be utilized by the project. 26 ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2
ELIGIBLE IMPLEMENTATION TYPE OF LOSS ENTITTLEMENTS PERSONS ISSUES . EDC will ensure payment of all compensation for which AHs are entitled to at least 10 days prior to the scheduled start of civil works. D. Vulnerable Displaced Person
Support system for Owner of . One time cash . Assistance/allowance will socially vulnerable group affected assistance/allowance be paid at the same time assets equal to two months with the compensation of (regardless of the National affected trees/assets. of their legal minimum wage status? If a (170$/month5) vulnerable person is ‘illegal, squatter, will s/he receive a vulnerability allowance? )
VIII. Resettlement Budget and Financial Plan 92. The resettlement cost has been estimated based on results of the DMS and the current market rates of trees derived from the calculation of 5 years inflation from 2014 RCS rates to 2018. The total estimated resettlement budget is US$ 39,389.33.
Table 29: Number of AHs and affected trees for donation/compensation Unit No. Description Trees/AHs Amount Cost A Trees 1 Mango 99 59.16 5,856.84 2 Areca palm 6 29 174 3 Krasaing/Sour fruit 6 28.42 170.52 4 Palm tree 77 74.82 5,761.14 5 Tam arind 7 38.86 272.02 6 Coconut 134 44.08 5,906.72 7 Milk Fruit/ Teuk Dos Kou 7 58.58 410.06 8 Jackfruit 11 46.98 516.78 9 Mkak, June Plum 1 35.38 35.38 10 Jambolan Plum / Pring 1 35.38 35.38 11 Other Trees 66 11.6 765.60 B Allowance 1 Allowances for vulnerable HHs 38 340 12,920.00 Total 32,824.44
5 https://w w w.just-style.com/new s/new -cambodia-minimum-w age-law -edges-closer_id133767.aspx
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Adm inistrative Cost (15%) 4,923.67 Contingency (5%) 1,641.22 Grant Total 39,389.33
IX. Institutional Arrangements 9.1 EDC/ Social, Environment and Public Relations Office (SEPRO) 93. EDC through its SEPRO is responsible for resettlement operations and management of the project. To achieve this, EDC/SEPRO will:
Implement this URP as approved; the Contractor cooperates with EDC/SEPRO for house to house consultation and compensation to affected households. Act as internal monitor to supervise the activities regarding social impacts of the project including: (i) Documentation of impacts and benefits including recording and photographs of assets; (ii) Informing the communities APs of their rights under the URP-P2; (iii) Collect information from the APs to determine level of AP satisfaction; (iv) Ensure all assistance is provided to AHs before any physical impact is created.
9.2 Project Implementation Consultant (PIC) 94. The PIC is an expert team works which has prepared a relevant training for capacity building in EDC/SEPRO, and Contractor in relation to safeguards, resettlement and compensation (assistance); ensure effective and timely implementation of resettlement activities. The PIC will work with EDC, the Contractor and local authorities to ensure the URP- P2 is implemented so that the requirements of the SPS are satisfied.
X. Implementation Schedule 95. The compensation payments to 118 AHs of the URP-P2 will be implemented during February to April 2019 once it is approved.
Table 30: Indicative Scheduled for Resettlement Activities of Package 1&2 Resettlement Activities Schedule Approval of URP-P2 by EDC 12 February 2019 Approval of URP-P2 by ADB 18 February 2019 Disclose URP-P2 on ADB websites 20 February 2019 Signing of Contracts for Compensation and compensation payment 01-31 March 2019 to 118 AHs
XI. M ONITORING 96. The central role of monitoring activities will be to ensure that all compensation payments will be in accordance with approved URP-P2 and EDC/SEPRO together with PIC will be responsible for the implementation monitoring. EDC/SEPRO/PIC will prepare quarterly social safeguard monitoring report to highlight safeguard compliance issue for ADB review and further upload to ADB website and EDC/SEPRO website if there is.
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Anne x 1: Number of AHs with Affected Trees in each Province and Vulnerability
Vulne A Affecte No Village Commune District Provinces Name of Aps Sex ge d Trees rabilit y 1 Baek Chan Thmey Rolus Svay Chek BTMC Sing Phea M 47 11 No 2 Baek Chan Thmey Rolus Svay Chek BTMC Thean Srey Vern M 18 1 No 3 Chamnoam Lech Chamnoam Mongkul Borei BTMC Aen Han M 43 4 No 4 Chamnoam Lech Chamnoam Mongkul Borei BTMC Thai Chai M 45 4 No 5 Kdeub Thm ar Kuok Rom eath Thmar Puok BTMC Hin Sam Ath M 51 4 UPL 6 Kdeub Thm ar Kuok Rom eath Thmar Puok BTMC Nai Pov M 55 3 No 7 Prey Sangha Banteay Chhmar Thmar Puok BTMC Tak Da M 28 7 No 8 Prey Sangha Banteay Chhmar Thmar Puok BTMC Tun Sanhork M 38 3 No 9 Prey Sangha Banteay Chhmar Thmar Puok BTMC Chan Sokha F 26 3 FHH 10 Prey Sangha Banteay Chhmar Thmar Puok BTMC Plorng Lerng M 80 4 ELD 11 Prey Sangha Banteay Chhmar Thmar Puok BTMC Meung Sary M 42 1 No 12 Prey Sangha Banteay Chhmar Thmar Puok BTMC Peng Plath M 54 3 No 13 Thlouk Banteay Chhmar Thmar Puok BTMC You Orb M 39 5 No 14 Thlouk Banteay Chhmar Thmar Puok BTMC Lerng Perk M 62 2 ELD 15 Thlouk Banteay Chhmar Thmar Puok BTMC Porm Neang M 49 3 No 16 Thlouk Banteay Chhmar Thmar Puok BTMC Lerng Neang F 49 1 No 17 Thlouk Banteay Chhmar Thmar Puok BTMC Luon San F 49 1 No 18 Thlouk Banteay Chhmar Thmar Puok BTMC San Kuon F 65 4 ELD 19 Thlouk Banteay Chhmar Thmar Puok BTMC An Leang M 74 6 ELD 20 Thlouk Banteay Chhmar Thmar Puok BTMC San Porn M 35 4 No 21 Thlouk Banteay Chhmar Thmar Puok BTMC Tin Vanna M 49 3 No 22 Thlouk Banteay Chhmar Thmar Puok BTMC Plen Yeav M 53 3 No 23 Khan Sar Kuol Angkor chum SR Chi Chherb M 45 1 No 24 Khan Sar Kuol Angkor chum SR Pory Pery M 67 2 ELD 25 Khan Sar Kuol Angkor chum SR Thuok Rin F 65 2 FHH 26 Khan Sar Kuol Angkor chum SR Yern Yin M 58 6 No 27 Khan Sar Kuol Angkor chum SR Nhouy Ches M 48 3 No 28 Khan Sar Kuol Angkor chum SR Ven Meath F 39 4 No 29 Khan Sar Kuol Angkor chum SR Thlern Phea M 38 3 No 30 Khan Sar Kuol Angkor chum SR Rik Ry M 58 3 No 31 Ta Kuoy Kuol Angkor chum SR Ker Srey M 43 3 No 32 Ta Kuoy Kuol Angkor chum SR Sern Suong M 32 2 No 33 Ta Kuoy Kuol Angkor chum SR Puy Puk M 62 2 ELD 34 Ta Kuoy Kuol Angkor chum SR Ran Duk M 35 2 No 35 Ta Kuoy Kuol Angkor chum SR Tham Therm M 58 3 No 36 Ta Kuoy Kuol Angkor chum SR Deul Ban M 56 2 No 37 Ta Kuoy Kuol Angkor chum SR Ri Rorm M 48 12 No 38 Ta Kuoy Kuol Angkor chum SR Kan Hach M 53 4 No 39 Ta Kuoy Kuol Angkor chum SR Sren Yerth M 54 10 No 40 Ta Kuoy Kuol Angkor chum SR Sorn Suth M 53 10 No 41 Ta Kuoy Kuol Angkor chum SR Puy Nhai F 59 4 FHH 42 Ta Kuoy Kuol Angkor chum SR Puy Phert M 50 4 No 43 Ta Kuoy Kuol Angkor chum SR Sum Sun M 40 6 No 44 Ta Kuoy Kuol Angkor chum SR Thern Thery M 39 8 No 45 Ta Kuoy Kuol Angkor chum SR Rorm Kea M 25 3 No
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A Affecte Vulne No Village Commune District Provinces Name of Aps Sex rabilit ge d Trees y 46 Ta Kuoy Kuol Angkor chum SR Merk Thul M 49 10 No 47 Kuol Kuol Angkor chum SR Puok Tha M 25 3 No 48 Kuol Kuol Angkor chum SR Puch Sou M 57 3 No 49 Khvav Keuth Kuol Angkor chum SR Sen Chory M 58 2 No 50 Khvav Keuth Kuol Angkor chum SR Chhuo Chheav M 61 1 ELD 51 Khvav Keuth Kuol Angkor chum SR Han La M 37 7 No 52 Khvav Keuth Kuol Angkor chum SR Ang Chhang M 61 3 ELD 53 Khvav Keuth Kuol Angkor chum SR Beung Han M 68 1 ELD 54 Khvav Keuth Kuol Angkor chum SR Huoth Nov M 38 1 No 55 Khvav Keuth Kuol Angkor chum SR Van Ven M 33 1 No 56 Khvav Keuth Kuol Angkor chum SR Chuon Sarath F 54 1 FHH 57 Khvav Keuth Kuol Angkor chum SR Ang Lak M 58 2 No 58 Khvav Keuth Kuol Angkor chum SR Smern Orn F 60 1 FHH 59 Khvav Keuth Kuol Angkor chum SR Hom Herb M 69 3 ELD 60 Khvav Keuth Kuol Angkor chum SR Herm Vang M 48 3 No 61 Khvav Keuth Kuol Angkor chum SR Chhi Rom Kan F 38 3 FHH Prasat No 62 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Sambour KTH Neang kim cheng F 45 2 Prasat KTH ELD 63 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Khat khy F 62 4 Sambour 64 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Prasat KTH Cheab so F 34 1 No Sambour Prasat KTH No 65 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Chhoem khan M 42 5 Sambour 66 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Prasat KTH Phan sin M 34 6 No Sambour Prasat KTH FHH 67 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Sambour aung doeurn F 65 1 68 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Prasat KTH Loeu chhean F 47 4 No Sambour Prasat KTH No 69 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Sambour Loem chhun M 32 1 Prasat KTH DIS 70 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Chhoem chin M 42 5 Sambour 71 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Prasat KTH Horm yi M 53 4 FHH Sambour Prasat KTH ELD 72 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Sambour eik yin F 66 3 73 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Prasat KTH Sum he F 63 2 ELD Sambour Prasat KTH No 74 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Sambour Einm keng M 42 2 75 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Prasat KTH Mean neang M 51 1 FHH Sambour Prasat KTH ELD 76 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Sambour horm heang F 65 3 Prasat KTH No 77 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Some nam M 48 5 Sambour 78 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Prasat KTH Tit vana M 63 6 ELD Sambour Prasat KTH No 79 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Sambour Sum theang F 46 5 80 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Prasat KTH Buo Chhin M 45 2 No Sambour Prasat KTH FHH 81 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Sambour Chhet met M 57 5 Prasat KTH FHH 82 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Pol koeurn F 66 5 Sambour Prasat KTH FHH 83 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Sambour proum koeurn F 53 3 Prasat KTH FHH 84 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Khlock aut F 72 1 Sambour 85 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Prasat KTH Mom leab F 47 5 No Sambour 30 ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE Medium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2
A Affecte Vulne No Village Commune District Provinces Name of Aps Sex rabilit ge d Trees y 86 Trapeang Sala Chhuk Prasat KTH Mom yan F 37 2 No Sambour 87 Kong Siem Nam Tau Phnum Srok BTMC Ham Bun Heng F 39 5 No 88 Kong Siem Nam Tau Phnum Srok BTMC Heav Smak M 50 6 DIS 89 Kong Siem Nam Tau Phnum Srok BTMC Eng Vicheth M 37 3 No 90 Kong Siem Nam Tau Phnum Srok BTMC Chean Suong M 21 1 No 91 Kong Siem Nam Tau Phnum Srok BTMC Ley San M 60 1 ELD 92 Kong Siem Nam Tau Phnum Srok BTMC Tin Kosal M 32 1 No 93 Kong Siem Nam Tau Phnum Srok BTMC Ith Chhoeum F 59 6 FHH 94 Kong Siem Nam Tau Phnum Srok BTMC oun keun F 53 5 No 95 Kong Siem Nam Tau Phnum Srok BTMC Chan Saly F 39 2 No 96 Kong Siem Nam Tau Phnum Srok BTMC Priem Chan F 39 6 No 97 Kong Siem Nam Tau Phnum Srok BTMC Say Phay M 53 4 FHH 98 Kong Siem Nam Tau Phnum Srok BTMC Pal Savong F 31 2 No 99 Kong Siem Nam Tau Phnum Srok BTMC Hiev Vita F 29 2 No 100 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Mean pheap M 38 3 No 101 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Sao sin M 38 4 No 102 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Sao say F 45 3 No 103 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Sao sou M 25 4 No 104 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Youth yun M 38 1 No 105 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Chok yut M 26 2 No 106 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Sao nan M 45 1 No 107 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Pas rorn M 35 3 No 108 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Marn Sareth F 45 4 No 109 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Yuth Yin M 34 15 UPL 110 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Muth Morn M 63 4 FHH 111 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Moeun Mann F 29 3 No 112 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Soy Oeun M 63 2 FHH 113 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Sok Phai F 43 3 No 114 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Pas Kae F 57 1 No 115 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Tep leang F 55 4 No 116 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Yoeurn Loeurn M 44 2 No 117 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Chhut Chuon F 41 3 No 118 Kam bor Or Khvav Chi Kraeng Siem Reap Men sophol F 33 2 FHH 3 118/ Total 415 38 Provinces 39F Data source: Project Survey conducted from April to May 2018. Note: FHH: Female Headed Household ELD: Elderly Headed Household UPL: Under Poverty Line DIS: Disable Headed Household
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Annex 2: Number of Affe cted Trees by Commune and District with amount compensation cost for Package 2
)
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) )
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) ក
) ) ង
ខ ក ) យ ព ម ម ម ង ម ព ក ទ ម TOTAL TOTAL Price USD USD Price Price USD USD Price Price USD USD Price Price USD USD Price Price USD USD Price USD Price USD Price USD Price Price USD USD Price Price USD USD Price Price USD USD Price Other Trees Trees Other ( District District Provinces Provinces Mango ( Mango Comm une Comm une TOTAL Price USD USD Price TOTAL Areca ( palm Areca Tam arind. ( Tam arind. Coconut ( Coconut Jackfruit ( Jackfruit Jambolan Plum / Pring / Pring Plum Jambolan Jew Plum ( Plum Jew Palm tree ( Palmtree Ambarella, Otaheite-appl / Otaheite-appl Ambarella, Dos Kou ( Kou Dos Star Apple / Milk Fruit/ Teuk / Milk Fruit/ Apple Star ferroniella lucida. ( lucida. ferroniella No 59.16 No 29 No 28.42 No 74.82 No 38.86 No 44.08 No 58.58 No 46.98 No 35.38 No 35.38 No 11.6 Svay Rolus 3 177.48 0 0 0 0 6 448.92 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 34.8 12 661.20 Chek Mongkul Chamnoam 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 220.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 34.8 8 255.20 Borei Banteay Kuok 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 176.32 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 34.8 7 211.12 Meanchy Thmar Romeath Puok Banteay 24 1419.84 3 87 0 0 6 448.92 0 0 18 793.44 0 0 2 93.96 0 0 0 0 0 0 53 2,843.16 Chhmar Phnum Srok Nam Tau 24 1419.84 0 0 6 170.52 0 0 0 0 10 440.8 3 175.74 1 46.98 0 0 0 0 0 0 44 2,253.88 Sub-Total 51 3017.16 3 87 6 170.52 12 897.84 0 0 37 1631 3 175.74 3 140.94 0 0 0 0 9 104.4 124 6,224.56 Angkor Kuol 15 887.4 0 0 0 0 63 4713.7 5 194.3 15 661.2 1 58.58 0 0 0 0 1 35.38 44 510.4 144 7,060.92 Siem chum reap Chi Khvav 11 650.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 38.86 43 1895.4 2 117.16 6 281.88 0 0 0 0 1 11.6 64 2,995.70 Kraeng Sub-Total 26 1538.16 0 0 0 0 63 4713.7 6 233.16 58 2556.6 3 175.74 6 281.88 0 0 1 35.38 45 522 208 10,056.62
Kompong Prasat Chhuk 22 1301.52 3 87 0 0 2 149.64 1 38.86 39 1719.1 1 58.58 2 93.96 1 35.38 0 0 12 139.2 83 3,623.26 Thom Sambour Sub-Total 22 1301.52 3 87 0 0 2 149.64 1 38.86 39 1719.1 1 58.58 2 93.96 1 35.38 0 0 12 139.2 83 3,623.26 Grand Total 99 5856.84 6 174 6 170.52 77 5761.1 7 272.02 134 5906.7 7 410.06 11 516.78 1 35.38 1 35.38 66 765.6 415 19,904.44
Data source: Project Survey conducted from April to May 2018.
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Annex 3: Public Information Leaflet (in Khmer)
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Annex 4: Public Information Leaflet (In English)
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Annex 5: DMS/IOL and Socio-Economic Survey Form
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Annex 6: Minutes of Meeting and List of Attendances for Public 1) Minute of meeting at Kong Siem village, Banteay Meanchey Province
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60 ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE M edium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2 2) Minute of meeting at Thlok village, Banteay Meanchey Province
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3) Minute of meeting at Kdeb Thma village, Banteay Meanchey Province
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70 ELECTRICITÉ DU CAMBODGE M edium Voltage Sub-Transmission Expansion Sector Project, Package 2 4) List of attendant for consultation with Local Authorities at Takong Commune (BTMC)
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5) List of attendant for consultation with Local Authorities at Banteay Chmar Commune (BTMC)
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6) List of attendant for consultation with Local Authorities at Chamnom Commune (BTMC)
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7) List of attendant for consultation with Local Authorities at Nam Tau Commune (BTMC)
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8) Minute of meeting at Kambor Or village, Siem Reap Province
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9) List of attendant for consultation with Local Authorities at Koul Commune (Siem Reap)
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Annex 7: Field Photos for Conducting Public Consultation Meetings Location 1: Kambor Or village, Khvav commune, Chi Kraeng district, Siem Reap province, Date: 23 April 2018
Location 2: Khvav village, Koul commune, Angkor Chum district, Siem Reap province Date: 07.04.2018
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Figure 1: Consultation meeting with AHs on the 7 Figure 2: The concrete poles were installed poles are installed within the Land property rights within 4m of ownership land that recognized by at Kandal Province, (January 10, 2018) Kandal Provincial Cadastral (January 10, 2018)
Figure 3: Consultation meeting with EDC-BTMC Figure 4: Meeting with APs for house to house on the progressive works and the plan will be consultation implemented by the Contractor done at Banteay Meanchey Province, cooperates with EDC/SEPRO at Siem Reap (22/8/2017) Province (23/8/2017)
Figure 5: Consultation meeting with Commune Figure 6: Public consultation meeting with AHs Councils at Kouk Romet Commune, Banteay at Kouk Romet Commune, Banteay Meanchey Meanchey Province (05/10/2017) Province, (05/10/2017)
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Figure 7: Discussion meeting with Commune Figure 8: Discussion meeting with Commune Councils and villagers for MV Transmission Councils and villagers for MV Transmission lines, at Cheu Teal Commune, Sandan District, lines, at Cheu Teal Commune, Sandan Kampong Thom Province, (23/03/2017) District, Kampong Thom Province, (23/03/2017)
Figure 9: MV Transmission line traverses the Figure 10: Starting point of MV route line at ROW of rural road at Phnum Srok District, Phnum Srok District, Manteay Meanchey Banteay Meanchey Province, (04/10/2017) Province (04/10/2017)
Figure 11: The Provincial Roads were widening Figure 12: Affected trees was cut for and clearance for rehabilitation at Siem Reap stringing the MV route lines at Siem Reap Province (25/08/2017) Province (25/08/2017)
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