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Feasibility Report for the Karnataka Integrated and Sustainable Water Resources Management Investment Program

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Feasibility Report for the Karnataka Integrated and Sustainable Water Resources Management Investment Program PROJECT PREPARATION TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE ADB TA 7954-IND FEASIBILITY REPORT for the Karnataka Integrated and Sustainable Water Resources Management Investment Program VOLUME 1: MAIN REPORT April 2013 Prepared for the State Government of Karnataka and the Asian Development Bank By DHV BV, The Netherlands in association with DHV India Pvt. Ltd. 2 Abbreviations AC-IWRM Advanced Center for Integrated Water Resource Management AIBP Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Program CADA Command Area Development Authority CDTA Capacity Development Technical Assistance CMO Central Mechanical Organisation of WRD DPR Detailed Project Report EA Executing Agency EARF Environmental assessment and Review framework EIRR Economic internal rate of return EMMP Environmental management and mitigation plan FIRR Financial internal rate of return FY Fiscal Year (April 1 – March 31) GAP Gender Action Plan GOI Government of India GSDP Gross State Domestic Product IA Implementing Agency ICB International competitive bidding IEE Initial environmental examination IP Indigenous people IRBM Integrated River Basin Plan IWRM Integrated water resources management KERC Karnataka Engineering Research Center KISWRMIP Karnataka Integrated and Sustainable Water Resources Management Investment Program KNNL Karnataka Neeravari Nigam Limited KUIDFC Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Finance Corporation KUWSDB Karnataka Urban Water and Sewerage Drainage Board LDO Land Development Officer LWMP Land and Water Management Plan MCM Million Cubic Metres MFF Multi-Tranche financing facility MIS Management information system NCB National competitive bidding NGO Non-government organization O&M Operation and maintenance PIM Participatory irrigation management PMU Project Management Unit PPP Public Private Partnership RBO River Basin Organization RP Resettlement plan SGOK State Government of Karnataka SPCB State Pollution Control Board TLBC Tungabhadra Left Bank Canal TMC Thousand Million Cubic Feet (1 TMC = 28.317 MCM) WALMI Water and Land Management Institute of WRD WRA Water Regulatory Authority WRD Water Resources Department, Government of Karnataka WRDO Water Resources Department Organization, Government of Karnataka WUCS Water User Cooperative Societies VOLUME 1: TABLE OF CONTENTS Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................... 2 VOLUME 1: TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. i VOLUME 2: TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. i Volume 1: Table of Tables ................................................................................................. i Volume 1: Table of Figures ................................................................................................ i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................... i 1. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ...................................................................................... 1 1.1 Location .................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Climate ................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Geomorphology ...................................................................................................... 4 1.4 Soils ........................................................................................................................ 4 1.5 Surface Water Resources ....................................................................................... 5 1.6 Ground Water ......................................................................................................... 6 2. DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING SYSTEM .................................................................... 9 2.1 Scheme Development History ................................................................................. 9 2.2 Canal System ......................................................................................................... 9 2.3 Drainage System .................................................................................................... 9 3. MODERNIZATION REQUIREMENTS ...................................................................... 11 3.1 Integrated Water Resources Management ............................................................ 11 3.2 Water Use Efficiency Improvement ....................................................................... 15 4. SOCIO- ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT ....................................................................... 17 4.1 Approach .............................................................................................................. 17 4.2 The Gondhi Sub-Project Area ............................................................................... 19 4.3 Village Infrastructure and Services ........................................................................ 20 4.4 Social and Economic Profile ................................................................................. 22 4.5 Gender Concerns ................................................................................................. 27 4.6 Vulnerable Groups ................................................................................................ 29 4.7 Beneficiary Contribution Assessment .................................................................... 30 4.8 Social Development Constraints, Needs and Opportunities .................................. 30 5. AGRICULTURAL ASSESSMENT ............................................................................. 33 5.1 Water and Land Use ............................................................................................. 33 5.2 Agricultural Practices ............................................................................................ 34 5.3 Current Cropping Pattern, Yields and net Returns. ............................................... 36 5.4 Livestock and Fisheries ........................................................................................ 40 5.5 Agricultural Incomes and Expenditure ................................................................... 40 5.6 Agriculture Extension and Training ....................................................................... 40 5.6 Project Development Opportunities ....................................................................... 42 6. ASSESSMENT OF IRRIGATION SYSTEM .............................................................. 45 6.1 Crop Water Requirements and Design Discharge ................................................. 45 6.2 Conjunctive Use .................................................................................................... 48 6.3 Command Area Water Balance............................................................................. 48 6.4 Assessment of Existing Infrastructure ................................................................... 49 6.5 Drainage System .................................................................................................. 50 6.6 Command Area and on-Farm Water Management ................................................ 51 6.7 System Operation Assessment ............................................................................. 51 6.8 Constraints and Opportunities ............................................................................... 51 7. INSTITUTIONAL ASSESSMENT ............................................................................. 52 7.1 Government Institutions in Project Area ................................................................ 53 7.2 CSO Activities in Project Area ............................................................................... 56 Irrigation Operation and Maintenance .............................................................................. 58 i ii 8. PROPOSED PROJECT ........................................................................................... 61 8.1 Project Components ............................................................................................. 61 9. IRRIGATION MODERNIZATION AND IMPROVED OPERATION ............................ 62 9.1 Improvement Strategy ........................................................................................... 62 9.2 Infrastructure Upgrading ....................................................................................... 62 9.3 Improved Operation and Maintenance .................................................................. 65 10. ON FARM WATER MANAGEMENT & CAD ............................................................. 68 10.1 Improving Water Use Efficiency ......................................................................... 68 10.2 Physical Interventions........................................................................................ 68 10.3 WUCS Strengthening ........................................................................................ 68 11. AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT & LIVELIHOOD IMPROVEMENT ..................... 72 11.1 Agricultural Productivity Improvements .............................................................. 72 12. INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ............................................................ 75 12.1 Assessment ....................................................................................................... 75 12.2
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