Turkish Journal of Zoology Turk J Zool (2021) 45: 70-78 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/zoology/ © TÜBİTAK Short Communication doi:10.3906/zoo-2010-27

Contributions to the Turkish oribatid fauna (: ) from Sakarya and Yozgat provinces

1 2 3, 3 Sedat PER , Kübra ÇUBUKÇU , Ayşe TOLUK *, Nusret AYYILDIZ  1 Mustafa Çıkrıkçıoğlu Vocational School, University, Kayseri, 2 Graduate School of Natural Sciences, , Yozgat, Turkey 3 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, , Kayseri, Turkey

Received: 30.06.2020 Accepted/Published Online: 06.01.2021 Final Version: 18.01.2021

Abstract: This study deals with the data on Turkish records of oribatid that play an important role in decomposition of organic matter, nutrient cycling, and soil formation. Oribatid mites in litter, lichen, moss, and soil collected from Sakarya and Yozgat provinces were sampled between 2014 and 2020. Standard methods were used for extraction, detection, preservation, and preparation of mites from the material collected from study area. Five oribatid mites were for the first time recorded from Turkey, namelyMesotritia (Mesotritia) nuda (Berlese, 1887) (Oribotritiidae), Hoplophorella (Rhacaplacarus) ortizi (Pérez-Íñigo, 1970) (Phthiracaridae), Eremaeus translamellatus Hammer, 1952 (Eremaeidae), Oribatella (Oribatella) foliata Krivolutsky, 1974 (Oribatellidae) and Liebstadia (Liebstadia) longior (Berlese, 1908) (Liebstadiidae). Their geographic distribution and diagnostic morphological characteristics are presented.

Key words: Soil mites, , new records, Turkey

Oribatid mites predominantly inhabit the litter and the Biology Department of Yozgat Bozok University, Turkey. upper soil layer and play an important role in decomposition Standard methods were used for extraction, detection, of plant litter. They comprise about 11,207 identified species preservation, and preparation of mites from the material that belong to 1300 genera and 163 families (Subías, 2004, collected from study area. All measurements were updated 2020; Behan-Pelletier and Lindo, 2019; Seniczak done with ocular micrometer attached to a compound et al., 2019). The number of species and subspecies known microscope (Olympus CX21) and given in micrometers from Turkey is 262 (Baran et al., 2018; Murvanidze et (μm). SEM photographs were taken using Zeiss/Leica al., 2020). So far, known taxa are derived from material LEO 440 (Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmbH, Oberkochen, collected from a heterogeneous and limited number of Germany) (Technology Research and Application Center regions. However, more sampling from other regions and of Erciyes University) and ZEISS LS-10 (Oberkochen, habitats needs to be done. In our study, samples from two Germany) (Nanotechnology Research Center of Erciyes provinces (Yozgat and Sakarya) were evaluated. The studies University) scanning electron microscope (SEM). For the in these regions were previously focused on certain groups species identification, the studies of Miko and Weigmann of oribatid mites such as Oppioidea, Phenopelopoidea, (1996), Weigmann (2006), Niedbała (2011), and Walter et Amerobelboidea, Gustavioidea, Cepheusoidea, and al. (2013) were used. Cymbaeremaeoidea, but there was a limited number of Oribotritiidae Balogh, 1943 studies on other groups (Toluk et al., 2008; Toluk and Mesotritia (Mesotritia) nuda (Berlese, 1887) Ayyildiz 2009; Bezci et al., 2017; Baran et al., 2018). We Morphological features (Figure 1a-h). Body length: believe that more research needs to be done from both 807 (710–890) μm, width: 423 (380–470) μm (n = 10). studied and nonstudied areas and this will contribute to the Prodorsum with one lateral carina on each side; sensilli fauna of Turkey’s oribatid mite. fusiform; lamellar and rostral setae long and smooth; The examined oribatid mites were obtained from litter, rostral setae located at the same level with lamellar setae; lichen, moss, and soil collected from Karanlıkdere Valley interlamellar setae the shortest; rostral setae near each (Yozgat) and Kılıçkaya Hill (Sakarya), Turkey during other; notogaster with 14 pairs of thin setae; genito-anal the period 2014-2020. Specimens were deposited in the formula: 6-2-2-3; legs heterotridactylous. * Correspondence: [email protected] 70

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Figure 1. Mesotritia (M.) nuda (Berlese, 1887). a- Lateral view; b- Prodorsum, lateral view; c- Dorsal view; d- Prodorsum, dorsal view; e- Sensillus; f- Ventral view; g- Subcapitulum; h- Genito-anal region.

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Material examined. Turkey, Sakarya, the Kılıçkaya E, 585 m, 22.IV.2015, 22 inds., 40°29’300’’ N, 30°25’900’’ hill: 40°28’800’’ N, 30°27’930’’ E, 1100 m, 13.VI.2015, 3 E, 955 m, 21.VI.2015, 34 inds., 40°29’935’’ N, 30°22’057’’ inds., 40°29’175’’ N, 30°25’438’’ E, 1016 m, 02.XI.2015, 7 E, 203 m,01.XI.2015, 9 inds., 40°29’571’’ N, 30°22’786’’ inds., 40°29’559’’ N, 30°28’740’’ E, 402 m, 01.XI.2015, 2 E, 398 m; 01.XI.2015, 2 inds., 40°29’401’’ N, 30°23’124’’ inds., 40°29’300’’ N, 30°25’900’’ E, 955 m, 21.VI.2015, 6 E, 480 m, 01.XI.2015, 4 inds. from soil under Pinus sp.; inds. (3 of them were used for SEM) from soil under Pinus 40°28’515’’ N, 30°25’329’’ E, 640 m, 22.IV.2015, 8 inds., sp.; 40°29’460’’ N, 30°27’961’’ E, 1350 m, 13.VI.2015, 1 ind. 40°29’515’’ N, 30°26’063’’ E, 1100 m, 19.VI.2015, 7 inds. from lichen on the tree; 40°30’067’’ N, 30°028’203’’ E, 1298 from soil; 40°28’514’’ N, 30°25’387’’ E, 654 m, 22.IV.2015, m, 19.VI.2015, 1 ind. from soil; 40°30’129’’ N, 30°28’348’’ 2 inds., 40°29’179’’ N, 30°26’118’’ E, 1095 m; 09.VI.2015, E, 1288 m, 19.VI.2015, 1 ind. from soil under Abies sp.; 16 inds., 40°28’800’’ N, 30°25’400’’ E, 792 m, 21.VI.2015, 40°30’103’’ N, 30°21’852’’ E, 175 m, 01.X.2015, 1 ind. from 2 inds., 40°29’162’’ N, 30°25’193’’ E, 1013 m, 02.XI.2015, 4 soil under Rubus sp. (Rosaceae); 40°29’342’’ N, 30°23’320’’ inds. from soil under Quercus sp. E, 487 m, 01.XI.2015, 1 ind. from soil under Quercus sp.; Distribution. Hoplophorella (Rhacaplacarus) ortizi 40°29’388’’ N,30°23’028’’ E, 463 m, 01.XI.2015, 2 inds., (Pérez-Íñigo, 1970) has a Palearctic distribution (Niedbała, 40°29’207’’ N, 30°23’763’’ E, 600 m, 06.XI.2015, 2 inds., 2012). This is the first record from Turkey. 40°28’900’’ N, 30°23’510’’ E, 598 m, 06.XI.2015, 4 inds. Remarks. Hoplophorella (Rhacaplacarus) ortizi (Pérez- from lichen on tree. Íñigo, 1969) can be distinguished from congeners by Distribution: Mesotritia (M.) nuda (Berlese, 1887) has strong dorsal carina; lateral carina absent; the length of a semicosmopolitan distribution (Subías, 2004, updated prodorsum and notogaster for the species is recorded as 2020; Liu and Chen, 2010; Niedbała, 2011). This is the first 328 and 818 µm, respectively (Niedbała, 2011). In this record from Turkey. regard, the dimensions of the Turkish specimens (1090 Remarks. Mesotritia (M.) nuda (Berlese, 1887) can be (1050–1110) μm) are bigger than reported. distinguished from congeners by setae ro situated at the Eremaeidae Oudemans, 1900 level of setae le, setae ad3 situated anteriorly of an1 setae; Eremaeus translamellatus Hammer, 1952 anal plates with two pairs of setae; genital plates with 6 Morphological features (Figure 3a-h). Body length: pairs of setae. The body length for the species is recorded 641 (630-660) μm, body width: 330 (320-340) μm (n = 10). as prodorsum length 425–490 μm and width 305–335 Body surface with tuberculate or granulate cerotegument; μm, notogaster length 770–960 µm and width 515–601 rostrum rounded; costulae well developed, concave; μm by Liu and Chen (2010). Prodorsum length 369 μm, several translamellae present; interlamellar setae barbed; notogaster length 687 μm by Niedbała (2014). The Turkish sensillus slightly expanded; dorsosejugal suture flat, setae specimens with average 807 (710–890) μm in length and c1-3 present; notogaster with 11 pairs long and barbed average 423 (380–470) μm in width are smaller than setae; ventral plate rounded posteriorly and without reported. posteromarginal sclerite; epimeral setal formula: 3-2-3-3; Phthiracaridae Perty, 1841 genito-anal formula: 6-1-5-3; legs with three claws. Hoplophorella (Rhacaplacarus) ortizi (Pérez-Íñigo, Material examined. Turkey, Sakarya, the Kılıçkaya 1969) hill: 40°29’021’’ N, 30°28.002’ E, 1110 m, 13.VI.2015, Morphological features (Figure 2a–h). Body length: 11 inds. (2 of them were used for SEM), 40°29’ 387’’ N, 1090 (1050–1110) μm, body width: 680 (650–700) μm (n = 30°27’970’’ E, 1340 m, 13.VI.2015, 2 inds., 40°28’809’’ N, 10). The whole body surface covered by small circular pits; 30°23’872’’ E, 721 m, 06.XI.2015, 20 inds. from lichen on dorsal carina strong; lateral carina absent; interlamellar tree; 40°28’800’’ N, 30°27’930’’ E, 1100 m, 13.VI.2015, 7 setae long; lamellar setae short; sensillus sickle-shaped, inds., 40°29’307’’ N, 30°28’015’’ E, 1272 m;13.VI.2015, 15 notogaster with 15 pairs of thick, long setae; number inds., 40°29’208’’ N, 30°28’046’’ E, 1228 m; 13.VI.2015, 8 of genital setae 6 (4+2) pairs; ano-adanal setae 5 pairs; inds. from soil under Pinus sp.; 40°29’688’’ N, 30°28’113’’ anoadanal setae ad1 longest, ad2 vestigal, ad3 shortest; anl- E, 1380 m, 13.VI.2015, 15 inds., 40°30’156’’ N, 30°28’576’’ an2 placed in a row along the inner anal margin; legs with E, 1291 m, 19.VI.2015, 2 inds. from soil under Buxus sp.; one claw. 40°30’129’’ N, 30°28’348’’ E, 1288 m, 19.VI.2015, 8 inds., Material examined. Turkey, Sakarya, the Kılıçkaya 40°30’293’’ N, 30° 28.153’ E, 1223 m, 19.VI.2015, 60 inds., hill: 40°28’204’’ N, 30°24’997’’ E, 550 m, 22.IV.2015, 8 inds., 40°29’250’’ N, 30°25’870’’ E, 890 m, 21.VI.2015, 10 inds., 40°28’214’’ N, 30°25’027’’ E, 551 m, 22.IV.2015, 3 inds., 40°29’534’’ N, 30°21’367’’ E, 317 m, 01.XI.2015, 2 inds., 40°28’221’’ N, 30°25’04’’ E, 553 m, 22.IV.2015, 14 inds. (2 40°29’571’’ N, 30°22’786’’ E, 398 m, 01.XI.2015, 8 inds., of them were used for SEM), 40° 28’236’’ N, 30°25’140’’ 40°29’216’’ N, 30°25’478’’ E, 1037 m, 02.XI.2015, 4 inds. E, 555 m,22.IV.2015, 14 inds., 40°28’248’’ N, 30° 25’192’’ from soil under Abies sp.; 40° 30’257’’ N, 30°28’830’’ E, E, 570 m; 22.IV.2015, 3 inds., 40°28’342’’ N, 30°25’268’’ 1302 m, 19.VI.2015, 38 inds., 40°29’219’’ N, 30°23’800’’

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Figure 2. Steganacarus (Rhacaplacarus) ortizi (Pérez-Íñigo, 1969). a- Lateral view; b- Prodorsum; c- Sensillus; d- Ventral view; e- Subcapitulum; f- Genito-anal region; g- Genital region; h- Anal region.

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Figure 3. Eremaeus translamellatus Hammer, 1952. a- Dorsal view; b- Prodorsum; c- Sensillus; d- Notogaster; e- seta lm; f- Ventral view; g- Subcapitulum; h- Anal region.

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Figure 4. Oribatella (O.) foliata Krivolutsky, 1974. a- Dorsal view; b- Prodorsum; c- Cerotegument microsculpture on posterior margin of prodorsum; d- Notogaster; e- Ventral view; f- Genito-anal region, g- Genital region; h- Anal region.

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Figure 5. Liebstadia (L.) longior (Berlese, 1908). a- Dorsal view; b- Prodorsum; c- Rostrum; d- Sensillus; e- Notogaster; f- Ventral view; g- Genito-anal region; h- Anal region.

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E, 670 m, 06.11.2015, 5 inds., 40°30’067’’ N, 30°028’203’’ Liebstadiidae J. & P. Balogh, 1984 E, 1298 m, 19.VI.2015, 25 inds. from soil; 40°30’204’’ N, Liebstadia (Liebstadia) longior (Berlese, 1908) 30°27’487’’ E, 1170 m, 19.VI.2015, 14 inds. from moss; Morphological features (Figure 5a–h). Body length: 40°30’084’’ N, 30°26’994’’ E, 1157 m, 19.VI.2015, 14 inds. 434 (420–440) μm, body width: 237 (225–245) μm (n = from soil under Quercus sp. 10). Body small and very flat; prolamella well developed; Distribution. Eremaeus translamellatus Hammer, sensillus with short stalk and globular head; pteromorphs 1952 has a Holarctic distribution (Subías, 2004, updated short and subtriangular; notogaster with 10 pairs of setae 2020). This is the first record from Turkey. and three pairs of porose areas; epimeral setal formula: Remarks. Eremaeus translamellatus Hammer, 1952 3-1-3-3; genito-anal formula: 4-1-2-3; tarsus III with 15 can be distinguished from congeners by the presence of setae; genu I with 3+1 setae; legs with one claw. translamella; the shape of costulae; 11 pairs of notogastral Material examined. Turkey, Yozgat, the Karanlıkdere setae and 5 pairs of anal setae. The body length for the valley; 39°34’579’’ N, 34°40’200’’ E, 847 m, 17.VIII.2013, species is recorded as 518-745 µm (Walter et al., 2013). In 4 inds, from moss on tree; 39°32’273’’ N, 34°43’185’’ E, this regard, the dimensions of the Turkish specimens (630- 921 m; 24.VIII.2013, 2 inds., 39° 32’273’’ N, 34°43’271’’ E, 660 µm) are in the range of the dimensions of the reported 925 m, 24.VIII.2013, 5 inds., 39°34’762’’ N, 34°38’ 902’’ specimens. E, 844 m, 14.IX.2013, 13 inds., 39° 33’157’’ N, 34°42’201’’ Oribatellidae Jacot, 1925 E, 883 m, 28.IX.2013. 2 inds., 39°35’768’’ N, 34°32’088’’ Oribatella (Oribatella) foliata Krivolutsky, 1974 E, 790 m, 01.V.2014, 3 inds., 39°32’533’’ N, 34°42’705’’ E, Morphological features (Figure 4a-h). Body length: 882 m, 06.VI.2014, 2 inds. from moss on rock; 39°34’813’’ 593 (590–600) μm, body width: 394 (390–400) μm (n = 10). N, 34°35’674’’ E, 808 m, 14.IX.2013, 3 inds.,39° 34’813’’ Rostral, lamellar, and interlamellar setae barbed; lamellae N, 34°35’674’’ E, 808 m, 14.IX.2013, 4 inds. (2 of them large, lamellae cusps extend as far as front end the rostrum; were used for SEM), 39°34’813’’ N, 34°35’678’’ E, 815 m, lamellar cuspids contiguous anteromedially, separated 28.IX.2013, 3 inds. from soil edge the swamp; 39°30’766’’ posteromedially, leaving prodorsum visible through oval N, 34°44’190’’ E, 913 m, 23.V.2014, 4 inds., 39°30’794’’ N, opening; medial dens of lamellar cuspids subequal lateral 34°44’113’’ E, 913 m, 23.V.2014, 2 inds., 39°30’824’’ N, dens; sensillus hardly thickened bristle-shaped, pointed, 34°44’002’’ E, 916 m, 23.V.2014, 7 inds., 39°33’189’’ N, rough; notogaster with 10 pairs smooth setae; notogaster 34°41’668’’ E, 873 m, 17.VIII.2013, 3 inds. from moss. with four pairs of porose areas (Aa, A1, A2, A3); femora Distribution. Liebstadia (L.) longior (Berlese, 1908) of legs III and IV with a leaf like expansion on the edge; is distributed in Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Greece, genito-anal formula: 6-1-2-3; legs with three claws. Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Slovenia, Japan, and Canada Material examined. Turkey, Sakarya, the Kılıçkaya (Subías, 2004, updated 2020; Miko and Weigmann,1996; hill: 40°30’293’’ N, 30°28’153’’ E, 1223 m, 19.VI.2015, 12 Mahunka et al., 2013). This is the first record from Turkey. inds. from soil under Abies sp. (3 of them were used for Remarks. Liebstadia (L.) longior (Berlese, 1908) can SEM) be distinguished from congeners by the presence of small Distribution. Oribatella (O.) foliata Krivolutsky, and very flat body; short, globular sensillus; short and 1974 is known from the Palaearctic region (Subías, 2004, subtriangular pteromorphs; tarsus III with 15 setae; genu I updated 2020). This is the first record from Turkey. with 3+1 setae. The body length for the species is recorded Remarks. Oribatella (O.) foliata Krivolutsky, 1974 as 325–395 µm by Miko and Weigmann (1996). In this can be distinguished from congeners by the presence regard, the dimensions of the Turkish specimens (420–440 of large contiguous lamellae; inner and outer dens of µm) are bigger than reported. lamellar cuspids of same length; sensillus hardly thickened bristle-shaped; notogaster with 10 pairs smooth setae. The Acknowledgments body length for the species is recorded as 470-545 μm This study was supported by the fund of Yozgat Bozok (Krivolutsky 1974), 420–600 μm (Weigmann, 2006) and University Scientific Research Project (Project no: 580-600 μm (Shtanchaeva and Subías, 2009). In this regard, 2013FEF/A56 and 6601-FBE/16-2). The data on some the dimensions of the type specimen are in the range of the species in this study have been presented as poster dimensions of the Turkish specimens (590–600 µm). presentation in various congresses.

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