List of Internet Top-Level Domains Donate to Wikipedia from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Wikipedia Store
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Article Talk Read Edit View history Search Wikipedia Thank you! Imagination becomes reality in the winners of the 2019 Wiki Loves Earth photo contest Main page Learn about the Wiki Loves Earth photo contest » Contents Featured content Current events Random article List of Internet top-level domains Donate to Wikipedia From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Wikipedia store Interaction This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the [hide] Help talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) About Wikipedia This article may be too long to read and navigate comfortably. (September 2017) Community portal Recent changes This article may have too many section headers dividing up its content. (September 2017) Contact page This list of Internet top-level domains (TLD) contains top-level domains, which are those domains in the DNS root zone of the Domain Name Tools System of the Internet. The official list of all top-level domains is maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) at the Root Zone What links here Database.[1][2] IANA also oversees the approval process for new proposed top-level domains. As of June 2019, the root domain contains 1530 Related changes top-level domains,[3] while a few have been retired and are no longer functional. Upload file Special pages Contents [hide] Permanent link 1 Types Page information 2 Original top-level domains Wikidata item Cite this page 3 Infrastructure top-level domain 4 Country code top-level domains Print/export 4.1 Notes Download as PDF 5 Internationalized country code top-level domains Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD Printable version 5.1 Proposed internationalized ccTLDs 6 ICANN-era generic top-level domains Languages 6.1 English اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ 6.1.1 A Français 한국어 6.1.2 B 6.1.3 C िहदी Italiano 6.1.4 D Русский 6.1.5 E Tagalog 6.1.6 F اردو 6.1.7 G 中 6.1.8 H 25 more 6.1.9 I Edit links 6.1.10 J, K 6.1.11 L 6.1.12 M 6.1.13 N, O 6.1.14 P, Q 6.1.15 R 6.1.16 S 6.1.17 T, U, V 6.1.18 W, X, Y, Z 6.2 Chinese 6.3 French 6.4 German 6.5 Hindi 6.6 Italian 6.7 Portuguese 6.8 Spanish 7 Internationalized generic top-level domains 7.1 Arabic script 7.2 Chinese characters 7.3 Cyrillic script Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD 7.4 Other script 8 Geographic top-level domains 8.1 Africa 8.2 Asia 8.3 Europe 8.4 North America 8.5 Oceania 8.6 South America 9 Internationalized geographic top-level domains 10 Brand top-level domains 11 Internationalized brand top-level domains 12 Special-Use Domains 13 See also 14 Notes 15 References 16 External links Types [ edit ] Main article: Top-level domain § Types IANA distinguishes the following groups of top-level domains:[4] infrastructure top-level domain (ARPA) generic top-level domains (gTLD) generic-restricted top-level domains (grTLD) sponsored top-level domains (sTLD) country code top-level domains (ccTLD) test top-level domains (tTLD) Original top-level domains [ edit ] Seven generic top-level domains were created early in the development of the Internet, and predate the creation of ICANN in 1998. Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD Name: DNS names Entity: intended use Notes: general remarks IDN: support for internationalized domain names (IDN) DNSSEC: presence of DS records for Domain Name System Security Extensions Name Entity Administrator[5] Notes IDN DNSSEC SLD IPv6 .com commercial Verisign This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Though originally intended for use by for-profit business entities, for a number of reasons it became the "main" TLD for domain names and is currently used by all types of entities including nonprofits, schools, and private individuals. Domain name registrations may be Yes Yes Yes Yes successfully challenged if the holder cannot prove an outside relation justifying reservation of the name,[citation needed] to prevent "squatting". It was originally administered by the United States Department of Defense. .org organization Public Interest This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to Registry register. Originally intended for use by non-profit Yes Yes Yes Yes organizations, and still primarily used by some. .net network Verisign This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Originally intended for use by domains pointing Yes Yes Yes Yes to a distributed network of computers, or "umbrella" sites that act as the portal to a set of smaller websites. .int international Internet Assigned The .int TLD is strictly limited to organizations, offices, organizations Numbers Authority and programs endorsed by a treaty between two or No Yes Yes Yes more nations. However, a few grandfathered domains do not meet these criteria. Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD Name Entity Administrator[5] Notes IDN DNSSEC SLD IPv6 .edu education Educause (via The .edu TLD is limited to specific higher educational Verisign) institutions such as, but not limited to, trade schools and universities. In the U.S., its use was restricted in 2001 to post-secondary institutions accredited by an agency on the list of nationally recognized accrediting agencies. No Yes Yes Yes This domain is therefore almost exclusively used by American colleges and universities. Some institutions, such as the Exploratorium, that do not meet the current registration criteria have grandfathered domain names. .gov U.S. national General Services The .gov TLD is limited to United States governmental and state Administration (via entities and agencies as well as qualifying state, county No Yes Yes Yes government Verisign) and local municipal government agencies. agencies .mil U.S. military United States The .mil TLD is limited to use by the United States Department of military. No Yes Yes Yes Defense Infrastructure top-level domain [ edit ] Infrastructure Entity Notes IDN DNSSEC "Address and Originally assigned to the Advanced Research Projects Agency in the early days on .arpa Routing Parameter No Yes the Internet, .arpa is now exclusively used as an Internet infrastructure TLD. Area" Country code top-level domains [ edit ] As of May 20, 2017, there were 255 Country code top-level domains. (For comparison, at the same time the United Nations comprised 193 countries.) Table legend Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD Name DNS name of the two-letter country-code top-level domain. They follow ISO 3166-1 alpha-2, with some exceptions such as ".ac" for Ascension Island, ".eu" for the European Union, or ".uk" for United Kingdom of Great Britain instead of ".gb". Entity Country, dependency, or region Explanation of the code when it is not self-evident from the English name of the country. These are usually domains that arise from Explanation native name of the country (e.g. .de for Deutschland, German name for Germany). Notes General remarks IDN Support for internationalized domain names (IDN) DNSSEC Presence of DS records for Domain Name System Security Extensions SLD Allows second-level domain registration (restrictions may apply) IPv6 Registry fully supports IPv6 access Name Entity Explanation Notes IDN DNSSEC SLD IPv6 Commonly used for academic websites, such as universities. However, .ac is not to be confused with the official academic domains used by several countries such as .ac Ascension Yes Yes Yes Yes the United Kingdom (.ac.uk), India (.ac.in) or Island Indonesia (.ac.id). Also used in the accounting, consulting, and air-conditioning industries. Local trademark, trade name or citizenship .ad Andorra Yes Yes required[6][7] United .ae No Yes Arab Emirates .af Yes Yes Afghanistan Also unofficially used by German businesses Antigua .ag (where AG is an abbreviation of Yes Yes and Barbuda Aktiengesellschaft) Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD Name Entity Explanation Notes IDN DNSSEC SLD IPv6 Also unofficially used by tech companies .ai Anguilla No Yes specializing in AI (Artificial Intelligence) .al Albania Citizenship no longer required No Yes Also unofficially used by AM radio stations, .am Armenia No Yes Yes Yes podcasts or related business .ao Angola No Unknown Defined by the Antarctic Treaty as everything south of latitude 60°S. AQ domain names are available to government organizations .aq Antarctique ? Yes Yes ? Antarctica who are signatories to the Antarctic Treaty and to other registrants who have a physical presence in Antarctica. .ar Argentina Spanish[cctld 1] Yes Yes Yes In some countries, like Norway and American Denmark, "AS" or "A/S" is used as an Samoa abbreviation for stock-based or limited .as Yes No Yes (United companies. Such companies will often make States) use of the domain. Also unofficially used by the Principality of Asturias, Spain. .at Austria Yes[cctld 2] Yes Yes Yes Restrictions apply. In general, registrants must be Australian, and can be registered .au Australia anywhere between 1 and 5 years.[8] Includes No Yes No Yes Ashmore and Cartier Islands and Coral Sea Islands. Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD Name Entity Explanation Notes IDN DNSSEC SLD IPv6 Aruba (Kingdom of Aruba, West Restricted to registered Aruban companies, .aw Yes Yes the Indies organisations and citizens Netherlands) .al, .an, .ad Åland .ax already Yes Yes (Finland) allocated .az Yes Yes Azerbaijan Bosnia .ba and Yes Yes Herzegovina .bb Barbados No Yes .bd Yes No Yes Bangladesh Also unofficially used in the Canton of Bern, .be Belgium Latin[9] Yes Yes Yes[10] Switzerland Burkina .bf No Yes Faso .bg Bulgaria See also .бг (.bg in cyrillic) for IDN ccTLD Yes Yes Yes .bh Bahrain Yes Yes .bi Burundi Yes Yes .bj Benin Yes Yes .bm Bermuda Local corporate registration required Yes Yes .bn Brunei Yes No .bo Bolivia Yes Yes Create PDF in your applications with the Pdfcrowd HTML to PDF API PDFCROWD Name Entity Explanation Notes IDN DNSSEC SLD IPv6 Restricted.