Intermolecular Forces Summary, Worksheet, and Key
Summary of Non-Covalent Interactions: Attractive Force Interaction Between:
Oxygen
or
Hydrogen Bonding H Lone Pair on:
(intermolecular) Nitrogen O or N or F or
Fluorine
Dipole-Dipole (intermolecular) Polar Polar Molecule Molecule
London Forces Any Any (intermolecular) Molecule Molecule
Positive Ion or molecule
with a positive formal
charge Polar
Molecule Ion-Dipole or
Negative ion or molecule
with a negative formal
charge Polar
Molecule
Positive Ion or molecule with a positive formal charge Salt Bridge Negative Ion or molecule with a negative formal charge
Problems:
1) Name the dominant (strongest) intermolecular force in the following pairs:
Compound Dominant Force (Strongest Possible Force) Methane and Methane (CH4)
Ethanol and Ethanol
Water and Water
NH3 and NH3
Cyclohexanone and Cyclohexanone
Cyclohexanol and Cyclohexanol
HCl and HCl
CO2 and CO2
CCl4 and CCl4
CH2Cl2 and CH2Cl2
2) If the pairs of substances listed below were mixed together, list the non- covalent interaction(s) that are involved.
Choices:
(A) Hydrogen Bonding
(B) Dipole-Dipole
(C) London Forces (induced dipole)
(D) Ion-Dipole
(E) Salt Bridges (ionic forces)
Compound Pairs List of Non-covalent Interactions NH3 and H2O
2+ Mg and H2O
Cl2 and H2
Acetic acid and H2O
Acetic Acid
SO2 and H2O
SO2 and H2S ethane (CH3CH3) and methane (CH4)
Key
1) Name the dominant (strongest) intermolecular force in the following pairs:
Compound Dominant Force Methane and Methane London Forces
Ethanol and Ethanol Hydrogen Bonding
Water and Water Hydrogen Bonding
NH3 and NH3 Hydrogen Bonding
Cyclohexanone and Cyclohexanone Dipole-Dipole
Cyclohexanol and Cyclohexanol Hydrogen Bonding
HCl and HCl Dipole-Dipole
CO2 and CO2 London Forces
CCl4 and CCl4 London Forces
CH2Cl2 and CH2Cl2 Dipole-Dipole
2) If the pairs of substances listed below were mixed together, list the intermolecular force(s) that are involved.
Choices:
(A) Hydrogen Bonding
(B) Standard Dipole-Dipole
(C) London Forces (induced dipole)
(D) Ion-Dipole
(E) Salt Bridges (ionic forces)
Compound Pairs List of Intermolecular Forces NH3 and H2O A, B, C
2+ Mg and H2O D
Cl2 and H2 C
Acetate ion and H2O A,B,C
Acetic Acid
SO2 and H2O A,B,C
SO2 and H2S B,C ethane (CH3CH3) and methane (CH4) C