Published online in http://ijam. co. in; ISSN: 0976-5921 International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 2015, 6 (1) Supplement, 129-133

Supplemental Issue of National Seminar on Empowering and Empanelling System of Medicine Organized by SC Mutha Aryangla Vaidyak Mahavidyalaya, Satara on 26-27 March 2015

To study the functions of Dhatus according to Ayurvedic kriya Sharir (Dhatukarmabhyas)

Research Article

Sunil Tulshiramji Mehetre1*

1*. Corresponding Author: Assistant Professor & HOD, Department of Kriya sharir, S.C.M. Aryangla Vaidyak mahavidyalaya, I.T.I. Road, Gendamal, Satara-415002 (Maharashtra) Email- [email protected]; Phone No: +91-9422178577, +91-9325678577

Abstract Ayurveda is an Ancient medical science related to healthiness & unhealthiness of a person. The main aim of ayurveda is to acquire purushartha by means of Dharma, Artha, Kam, and Moksha. For this purpose each person should be healthy in terms of body & mind. The defination of healthy person according to ayurveda is to balance , Dhatu, Mala,, Kriya, Prasanna Atma, Indriya, &Man. These healthiness is defined by comparisn to physiological parameters i.e. sharirkriyatmak parameters which are mentioned above. The balance of Dhatuis called as dhatusamya is one of the important parameter of healthy person. According to Ayurveda there are seven dhatus in a person, these are ras, rakta, mamsa, meda, asthi, majja, shukra. These dhatus are defined as per their functions called as karmas. These are important for healthy state of the body. As per ayurvediya kriya sharir “Dosha Dhatu Mala mulam hi shariram” thus dhatu is most important part of body because both dosha & mala are live with dhatu. Hence if we carried out the detail study of functions or karmas of dhatus then we definitely get the fixed parameters which help us to keep the person healthy & to give health to the person who are suffering from disease. Due to this reason the study of dhatu karma is important & useful research project as per my knowledge.

Key words: Dhatus- (saptadhatus), karma- function of dhatu, Abhays-To study

Introduction the four purushartha of human life. In Ayurvediya kriya sharir is divided other words it is clear that equillibrium of in to Dosha, (functional principal) Dhatu both dosha, dhatu, mala, in a person is a (constitutional principal) & mala (waste state of healthiness &when this products). (1) equilibrium doesn’t exist then the state is Equillibrium of Dosha, Dhatu, unhealthiness. Mala is essential for healthy person. Ayurvediya kriya sharir mentioned If thus equillibrium is preatu the dosha, dhatu, &, according to karma is important & useful research their qualities (guna). & function (karma). project as per my knowledge. Sent in The study of “Doshakarmabhyas” is person then that person is fit to resume possible by observing the effect of Dosha Dharma, Artha, Kama, Moksha which are gunas on our body & mind. Malas are

129 Published online in http://ijam. co. in ISSN: 0976-5921 Sunil Tulshiramji Mehetre et. al., Study on the functions of the Dhatus (Dhatukarmabhyas) expelled from our bodies, hence the 3) Kapha: Apa +pruthvi examination of malas is also possible. mahabhutadhikya The remaining dhatus in equillibrium state acquired the body & Dhatu: also nourishes to each other by laws- 1) 1) Ras: Apa mahabhutadhikya kshirdadhi 2) kedarkulya 3) khalekapot. 2) Rakta:Tej +Apa mahabhutadhikya The dosha & mala are living with 3) Mansa: Parthiv mahabhutadhikya dhatus & the diseases also begin from 4) Meda: Apa+ Parthiv mahabhutadhikya dhatu vaishmya, because khavaigunya. 5) Asthi: Parthiv+ vayu mahabhutadhikya (starting of disease) also occur in dhatu 6) Majja: Apa mahabhutadhikya Thus dhatus also play important 7) Shukra: Apa mahabhutadhikya role in our body & mind. Hence if we collect all functions of dhatus serially & Mala: develop the parameters according to 1) Purish: parthiv mahabhutadhikya function of dhatus then the concept of 2) Mutra: Apa+Tej mahabhutadhikya dhatus & their functions has been well 3) sweda: Apa mahabhutadhikya elaborated, which is helpful for aim of swasthsya-swasthya rakshan & aturasya 3) Description of dhatus according vikar prashamanach. to 1) Nirukti 2) Defination 3) Dhatubheda Due to this reason the topic –poshya & poshak 4) No. of Dhatu 5) presented here is to study the function of place of dhatu in our body (sthan) 6) dhatus according to Ayurvediya kriya Dhatu swarup 7) Dhatu poshan with sharir i.e. Dhatukarmabhyas different theories 8) Dhatvagni 9) Dhatu parinati –kal. 4) Description of each Dhatus Aims and objective according to 1) Nam 2) Nirukti 3) A) Aim- To study the functions of Dhatus Synonyms 4) place 5) parinati 6) swarup according to Ayurvedic kriya sharir. & guna (qualities) 7) sar lakshan 8) i.e. (Dhatukarmabhyas.) quantity (praman) 9) function 10) Types B) Objectives – 11) Upadhatu 12) Mala 13) kshaya 1) To collect all functions of sapta- lakshana 14) Vruddhi lakshana Dhatus described in Ayurveda 2) To develop parameters in healthy Collective functions of saptadhatu person & to check functions of as per Vagbhatacharya & Susrutacharya Dhatus with the help of 1) Ras- prinan, tushti, raktaposhan Ayurvedic literature &modern 2) Rakta- Jeevan, sharir varna, science. dhatupuran, bal, sukha, asandighdha 3) To study functions of Dhatus. sparshayan, mansa poshan 3) Mansa: lepan , bal, medapushti. Review of literature 4) Meda: snehan, swedotpatti, 1) “Karma”-Ayurvedic definition drudhatva, asthipushtikam. prayatnadi karma chestitmuchyate / 5) Asthi: dharan,majjaposhan. charak su. Ad. 1/49. 6) majja: Asthipuram, preeti, snehan, 2) panchmahabhutatmak bala, shukrapusti constitution of our body. 7) Shukra: Garbhotpadan, dhairya, a) Dosha: vata: vayu+Akash chavan, dehabala, preeti, harshan. mahabhutadhikya 2) Pitta: Tej mahabhutadhikya

130 Published online in http://ijam. co. in; ISSN: 0976-5921 International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 2015, 6 (1) Supplement, 129-133

Materials &methods Rakta Dhatu: 1) Place of study: Dept. of kriya sharir, a) Jeevan- Hb%, RBC Count, Govt. Ayurvedic College Nanded- respiratory rate. 431601 b) sharirvarna: Rakta dhatu sarvyakti 2) Period: 2000 to 2003 lakshane, darshan, sparshan, prashna pariksha. 3) Inclusion criteria c) Dhatupuram;Nadi pariksha, a) Age group- 20 to 40 Yr. examination of blood pressure. b) Number of person- 50 d) Bala: Harward step test c) Healthy persons which are doing e) sukh: darshan, sparshan, prashna their daily activities easily & not pariksha. suffering from any disease. f) Asandigha sparshdhyan- use of d) Only male persons because semen cotton, pin & til tail. analysis test is one parameter in g) Mansa poshan – Darshan, shukra dhatu function. Sparshan, Prashna Pariksha. 5) Area: Nanded & Parbhani city. 6) By random sampling method. Mansa Dhatu; a) Lepana-measurements by tape of Exclusion criteria: parts of body described in a) Age group: Below 20 & above 40 yrs. mansadhatusar lakshane, weight, b) Persons suffering from systemic muscle tone. diseases. b) Bala-By weight lifting. c) Females. c) Medapushti- Darshan, sparshan, prashna pariksha. Method Darshan sparshan prashne Meda Dhatu: parikshet ch Roginam// Astang hruday Ad a) Snehan- meda dhatusar lakshane, 1/12. measurement of abdomen by tape, Darshan prashna sasparshe body mass index, west hip ratio. pariksha trividha smruta// charak chikitsa b) Swedotpati- Darshan,sparshan, Ad 25/ 22. prashna, pariksha. All the measurable things concern c) Drudhata with function of Dhatus & above method d) Astipustikarma is used for examination. Dhatu function wise description is Asthidhatu- as follows. a) Dharan – Asthi Dhatusar vyakti lakshane,weight, height, nail, & Ras Dhatu: teeth examination, a) Prinan- Ras Dhatu saryakti b) Majjaposhan- Darshan, sparshan , lakshne, nadi parikshan, prashna pariksha. measurement of blood pressure, Examination of Heart as a mula Majja Dhatu- sthan, ECG. a) Asthipuran- majjadhatusar b) TUSHTI - Darshan, sparshan, lakshane, Reflexes. prashana, pariksha. b) preety: - Darshan sparshan, prashna c) Raktaposhan - Darshan, sparshan, pariksha. prashan pariksha. c) snehan d) Bala- sharir bala, manobal, smruti, buddhi pariksha.

131 Published online in http://ijam. co. in ISSN: 0976-5921 Sunil Tulshiramji Mehetre et. al., Study on the functions of the Dhatus (Dhatukarmabhyas)

e) shukra pushti- darshan, sparshan, 2) Twacha sukshmatva in between 1.5 to prashna pariksha. 3.5 mm. 3) Pulse rate between 64 to 100/min. Shukra Dhatu- 4) Blood pressure systolic in between a) Garbhotpadan- for married 100 to 140 mm of hg. Diastolic in prashna pariksha , for unmarried between 60 to 90 mm of hg. semen analysis test, 5) Haemoglobin in between 11 to 16 b) Dhairya; Darshan, sparshan, gm%. prashna. 6) RBC In between 3.2 to 6.4 c) chavan millions/mm3. d) Dehabala 7) Respiratory rate 16 to 24 /min. e) preety 8) Weight in between 41 to 74 kg. f) Harshan 9) Mansadhatu bal in between 2.5 to 7 unit Equipment & instruments for 10) The time to absorb one drop of Til tail examination- in between 10 to 60 minute. 1) Rasa Dhatu - vernier calliper, stop 11) BMI in between 14.52 to 28.12 kg/m2. watch, spygmomanometer, 12) Waist hip ratio in between 0.69 to haemocytometer, stethoscope, ECG 0.92 machine. 13) Height in between 153 to 178 cm 2) Rakta Dhatu:-Haemoglobinometer, 14) No. of teeth in between 28 to 32. haemocytometer, stop watch, cotton, 15) 20 pravar, 26 madham, & 4 avar pin, til tail. manobal. 3) Mansa Dhatu -Tape, weighing 16) 13 uttam, 34 madhyam, & 3 hin machine, weight lifting. smruti. 4) Meda Dhatu - Tape. 17) 02 uttam, 29 madhyam, 19 hin buddhi. 5) Majja Dhatu - clinical hammer, 18) Volume of semen in between 1.5 to 4 paragraph for smruti parikshana, ml. charts for buddhi parikshana. 19) Sperm count in between 53 to 90 6) Shukra Dhatu - semen analysis kit, million/ mm3. Dropper, glass slide, microscope. 20) Sperm motility in between 52 to 80 %.

Assessment Discussion & conclusion The detail examination paper has 01) Dhatusar lakshana are useful to been made including above mentioned determine the functions of dhatus. parameters. 02) Modern parameters which are used are The examination of person has also useful to determine the function been done as per paper by using above of dhatus. mentioned tools with darshan, sparshan, 03) Vagbhatacharya explained one main prashna pariksha. function of each dhatus. The findings recorded person wise. Susrutacharya explained many Thus the assessment is made as per functions of dhatus. method mentioned above. 04) If the area & sample increased for study of function of dhatus. & by Results taking help of modern parameters then After examination of 50 persons it is beneficial to develop parameters the following results find out. of functions of dhatus. 1) The age group in between 20 to 33 yr. 05) From the above discussion it is concluded that the above study is

132 Published online in http://ijam. co. in; ISSN: 0976-5921 International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 2015, 6 (1) Supplement, 129-133

helpful to keep functions of dhatus in Jagtap who inspired me to prepare paper balance state in our body. & little path presentation on this topic. towards the studies function of dhatus according to Ayurvedic kriyasharir. References: 1. Charakasamhita Adhyaya 1, sutra Acknowledgement 53.page no 14, 4th edition, Yadavaji I am thankful to my guide Resp. Trikamji Acharya Dr. R. M. Bansode & All my respected 2. Charakasamhita Adhyaya 1, sutra. 49, teachers who guide me the Ayurvedic page no 12, 4th edition, Yadavaji kriya sharir. My friends Dr. V. D. Patange, Trikamji Acharya Dr. A. S. Bangar & Principal Dr.V. K. 3. Textbook of medical physiology, by Guyton, 11th edition, page no. 147,167

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