AFRICA’S BEST READ

December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 Vol 35 No 51 @mailandguardian mg.co.za Cabinet report cards

What’s the score? All the ministers’ marks Pages 10 to 25

2019: The moment of clarity

Who’s afraid of Greta Thunberg? Pages 28 & 29

Black rebels among the blue bloods of liberalism Pages 30 & 31

Africa for optimists ... and for pessimists Pages 32 & 33

Proteas’ implosion: What do SA’s cricket men live by? Pages 34 & 35 2 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 News A year in the life of the M&G

Elections, xenophobic and vicious reporting on all these problems, and on the gender-based violence, climate collapse, social injustices that rob so many people of state-owned entities and load-shedding their futures. Editor-in-chief, Khadija Patel, — 2019 has been an insane year. The Mail writes about the year that was, what we & Guardian has been at the forefront of reported and why we reported on it

here are six jars of chocolate in my office. And, despite my dedication to keeping them filled, they are Toften emptied within a few days. They join the morning coffee run in powering our newsroom with sugar and caf- feine. With a newsroom of about 50 people it also takes no small amount of madness to tell you about the world we share. As I write this, two days before our last edition of the year is published, just one jar is left, half fi lled with that festive favourite; Quality Street. They had better last until this edition is sent to print. My offi ce is in one corner of the newsroom. The windows of our eighth fl oor open up to spectacular views of Johannesburg, and it’s easy to get lost just staring at its green trees and grey cement buildings. The strains of Peter Gabriel’s Biko drifts out of the television in the middle of the newsroom. No one is pay- ing attention to it. Someone laughs. A hearty, full laugh that gets a crowd of reporters ani- mated, pointing at phone screens and gesticu- lating. The newsroom manager’s phone rings — someone has a tip-off . A big story, they say. Please can someone take the call? There’s an audible groan. Reporters are trying to fi nish off their last stories. A sub-editor, quite fed up with the din, gets up from her chair and turns the television off . It’s been a long, hard year. Just six months ago, we went to the polls. South Africa elected Cyril Ramaphosa as presi- dent. The ANC won a comfortable majority, but its dominance is being eroded — mostly by Graphic: JOHN McCANN its stubborn conviction to destroy itself. The Democratic Alliance was delivered a nosebleed Data has always been integral to journal- the high personal cost of a matric that means ism” forced on the SABC, it is an acknowledge- — notably by more conservative elements of its ism. Now, thanks to the mix of reporters and learners have no chance to have lives outside ment that this country is still here because of support base, who opted for the familiarity of algorithms, it is becoming ever more essen- of school. That reporting was infused with the tireless work of some incredible people. the Freedom Front Plus (FF+). The Economic tial to our work. Our investigative journalists, work by legal reporter Franny Rabkin. From journalists and Eskom engineers to non- Freedom Fighters, meanwhile, increased for example, have worked closely with the And, as I write this, large parts of the coun- governmental organisation workers and the its share of the vote, taking up more space in data team to fi nd stories in the numbers that try are still crippled by drought. In Australia, people cleaning campuses, people wake up Parliament — and certainly more space in the underpin much of how this country works. massive fi res are being driven by successive, each day to make South Africa work. political consciousness of the country. record-setting temperatures. In New York, the We will report more on these people. Even if Telling the strands of this larger political hile Angelo Agrizzi was laying fi rst-ever “snow squall” warning has just been we don’t have power. story strained our newsroom. It has been a bare the cult of Bosasa at the issued. Our world is changing, rapidly, and tough decade for us, with a newsroom that Zondo inquiry into state cap- journalism has struggled to report on this cli- en days before this edition was pub- W M&G shrinks when the economy has a shock, or ture earlier this year, the quick mate crisis. This is something that the lished, the electricity in our building when government advertising goes into the work of our investigations and data teams has reported on throughout its history. Now, Twent out. A power surge during a week- pages of politically connected publications. found that the state had made nearly 10 000 when you open a regular edition of the paper, end of load-shedding had left us tiptoe- In this, we are lucky to have dedicated read- payments to Bosasa, resulting in R12-billion the fi rst thing you’ll see is a climate column as ing around the parking garage in the dark, the ers who keep coming back to the Mail & for the company. Then there was the Great well as a graphic showing the latest concentra- light of our cellphones saving us from things Guardian, allowing us to keep reporting. Gupta Firesale. The full extent of the Gupta tion of carbon in the atmosphere. going bump in the night. In an unrelated inci- For the elections, this meant that the family’s empire has not yet been set out, but Women in particular will be hit by the climate dent, the lifts servicing our building had suf- M&G’s centre for data journalism, headed by as we watched bits and pieces go under the crisis, exacerbating other abuses. This year has fered water damage some weeks before. But Athandiwe Saba, was able to predict trends hammer to settle debts, the fact that the state been another one dominated by cases of hor- these lifts, in the spirit of the fourth industrial before the election. It saw the growth of the would recover nothing was a sad indictment rifi c rape and murder, with certain deaths grab- revolution, come kitted out with their own algo- FF+ and allowed us to report what this meant. of the slow pace of state-capture arrests. bing the nation’s attention. This is why we kept rithms and attitude. So getting up to the news- Investigations and politics are the bread- reporting on the murder of Viwe Dalingozi, room on the 8th fl oor is sometimes a feat of fi t- and-butter of the M&G. But this is, at its core, ensuring that a broken justice system had to do ness too great for some of us — okay, mostly me. a publication founded to dig into the injus- better in holding her killer to account. This is We’ve been in this building for eight months tices of the status quo. At fi rst, that was an why we went to Limpopo to look at the police now, leaving behind Rosebank for a space SUBSCRIPTIONS Published by M&G Media Ltd, apartheid system that systematically abused station where the most rapes in the country that feels more comfortable to an independ- Eighth Floor, Metal Box, Inquiries: 011 447 0696 or 25 Owl Street, Braamfontein SMS “subs” to 34917 and disenfranchised most of the people in are reported, and to the Eastern Cape to tell ent news publisher; a space from which we Werf, Johannesburg, South Complaints: 0860 070 700 South Africa. For the past 25 years, it has the story of Aviwe Wellem, who was murdered can look out of the windows, marvel at the city Africa. been a form of capitalism that also abuses and without consequence for the perpetrator(s). beyond and breathe. Although this year has not PO Box 91667, Auckland Park, DISTRIBUTION 2006. TO SHOPS disenfranchises. All these stories have taken their toll on our been kind to journalists, and the news media in Website: www.mg.co.za M&G Media Ltd is now Where the pressure is often to lead our newsroom. Good journalism requires that you general, the mere fact of our survival is a feat. responsible for its own newspaper and website with investigations spend time with people, talking through their Even in the best of circumstances, journalism CONTACT US newspaper distribution. and politics, this year we have put our other trauma and trying to fi nd out why abuses of is hard, but it is particularly hard right now. The Johannesburg: 011 250 7300 If you can’t find your Advertising fax: 011 250 7503 favourite read in the reporting beats at the fore. This is especially power happened. This is taxing on reporters, business model of journalism is not quite fi xed, Cape Town: 021 426 0802 shops, please phone true for the environment, in particular our who deal with the worst of our country so that the economy is moribund and newsrooms must Cape Town fax: 021 425 9056 011 447 0696 reporting on the climate crisis, the dysfunc- they can better inform the public — you. transform practice and processes to better serve Letters to the editor: [email protected] Printed by Caxton Printers tional education system, gender-based vio- In part, because you have said that reporting our audiences. We’ve had a tough year, and said (Pty) Ltd, 14 Wright Street, lence, the legal system and the state of labour on how bad things are can become overwhelm- goodbye to three of the longest serving employ- Industria West, 2093 in South Africa. We are also the only news- ing, we also started our Good News edition this ees of the newspaper, Shaun de Waal, Oupa Gauteng. 010 492 3394 room to have dedicated resources to report on year. Although it isn’t the “sunshine journal- Nkosi and Matthew du Plessis. the rest of this continent. Despite our diffi culties, the M&G is still here. The Mail & Guardian subscribes The newspaper has consequently led with And we have our readers to thank for that. to the South African Press Code, Sipho Kings’ investigations into air quality, Don’t miss our next edition Next year, the newspaper will celebrate its 35th which prescribes news that is where toxic air in Johannesburg (for exam- anniversary. It’s no small feat to still be around, truthful, accurate, fair and balanced. – “2020: What lies ahead” If we don’t live up to the code, ple) means you lose three years of your life. especially as a small, independent publication. please contact the Press Ombudsman at 011 484 3612/8. In education, we led with work by education – out on January 3 Stay with us, as we set the agenda for the next reporter Bongekile Macupe, investigating 35 years. Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 3 News NUMBERS OF THE YEAR

Boris Johnson 12 000 365 at the same time in August in Angola, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Brazil — countries that are the home of some of the biggest rain forests in the world The$22 value of a cocaine000 stash hidden in an Italian forest that was reportedly destroyed by wild boars The number of young people, including climate activist Ayakha Melithafa from Khayelitsha, who submitted a groundbreaking 100-page legal complaint to the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child. They allege that UN member states’ failure to tackle the climate The number crisis constitutes a violation of children’s rights of seats won by the Conser- vative Party in the December South Africa’s unemployment elections in the United Kingdom. These numbers will allow rate in the third quarter of 2019. Prime Minister Boris Johnson to forge ahead with the Brexit This29.1% is the highest level since 2008. The number of unemploy- plan to leave the European Union 14 ed people rose by 78 000 to 6.73-million

The age at which Robert Mugabe, Zimbabwe's founding father and former president, passed away this year

Ayakha 95 Melithafa

The number of days during which 15 of the world's elite The amount 12poker players were outwitted South African by a robot named Pluribus comedian Trevor Noah raked in in 2018, according The number of companies that to Forbes. This makes the host add facilities such as state-of- Trevor Noah of The Daily Show the-art science laboratories, in the United States 20 classrooms and a consumer the fourth highest- studies kitchen at the Lofentse paid comedian in Girls School in Soweto. The the world companies are all focused R430m on investing in science, The18-million number of South Africans technology, engineering and who did not vote in this year's mathematics education for general elections in May young women 159 last known slave ship to bring captives from Africa to the United States

Graphic: JOHN McCANN Compiled by: ATHANDIWE SABA 4 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 News The decade that decides our fate

This was the decade of climate negotiations, year, we’ll know if we’re going to do enough extreme heat and record-setting carbon to keep this world vaguely habitable. If we emissions. It started with little hope of action don’t do enough, in a decade’s time there’ll be to control global warming, flirted with hope droughts, floods, wildfires and crop failure and ended with that hope largely squashed. on an apocalyptic scale, causing deaths, Sipho Kings writes that, by this time next social unrest and mass migration

f average global temperatures purred on by the 1.5°C increase at their current rate, the report’s warning, and fol- United Nation’s climate scientists Slowing the withdrawal Iwarn of a world where ecosys- of the US from the Paris tems — including coral reefs, wet- Agreement, the UN secretary gen- lands and forests — collapse. Many eral, António Guterres, has become parts of the world will be too hot to more vocal about the need for coun- work in. Droughts and floods destroy tries to adopt more ambitious cli- agricultural systems. People starve. mate change actions. In September, Mass migration occurs and destabi- he called a summit where he asked lises unprepared recipient countries. countries to come up with better In their report, titled “Global plans. South Africa wasn’t given a Warming of 1.5°C”, the scientists speaking slot because its plan wasn’t warn what this means: “Poverty lev- ambitious enough. So, President els increase to a very large degree and Cyril Ramaphosa sent the speech incidents of starvation increase very he would have delivered. This noted significantly.” High levels of public that “our region is likely to become unrest then follow, “resulting in some drier and drastically warmer”, and countries becoming dysfunctional”. pointed to Cyclone Idai and the The report came late last year, in 1 000 people who died in Southern the middle of the hottest period in Africa as an example of extreme recorded history. Last year also set weather events. Local research, he the record for the most global carbon said, points to “major climate change emissions. This year will probably impacts occurring in the region over break that record. In South Africa, the next several decades”. These there’s been unseasonal flooding, Accord: Nations agreed at the Paris Agreement (below) to limit global warming, which causes extreme climate include “multiyear droughts that record temperatures have been set events such as Cyclone Idai that hi Beira (above). Photos: Guillem Sartorio/AFP & Arnaud Bouissou/Anadolu Agency compromise water security and heat- across the highveld and drought crip- waves impacting on human health, ples large swathes of the country. livestock production and crop yield”. Emissions here have only declined At the COP25 Madrid climate nego- because of economic stagnation. tiations this month, South Africa Globally, it has been a decade domi- promised to increase the ambition of nated by climate. Extreme weather its climate plan. events, a change in the language we The country plans that came out use and mass protests have made of Paris come into effect next year, the climate crisis a major concern of or in 2025, and many countries are many voters around the world. The required to submit more ambitious decade included, in Paris in 2015, the plans before the climate talks in adoption of an international climate Glasgow next year. agreement, but it was bookended To be more ambitious, South Africa with failed negotiations. should decommission coal-fired The decade started with a low power plants earlier than planned. point. In late 2009, at climate nego- The national energy plan shows that tiations in Copenhagen, the promise replacing coal with wind, energy and of an international agreement to do gas power plants would be cheaper something about carbon emissions than running an Eskom fleet (which was choked out. Nobody was willing in any event can provide only 70% of to compromise. Getting 200 coun- its capacity). Closing coal-fired plants tries to agree on something is difficult breaking air quality laws will prevent — we can’t even all agree that land- the deaths of 333 people a year. mines are bad. That national energy planhas been With no one willing to compro- stalled thanks to corruption, inepti- mise, a group of leaders led by Barack tude, political infighting and compet- Obama, then the president of the Tracker (CAT) — the most authorita- The Paris Agreement asks govern- “Global Warming of 1.5°C” report. ing interests of departments, such as United States, unilaterally signed tive group on collating the sum total ments to hold “the increase in global This looked at what happens if the mineral resources and energy, envi- off on a plan to reduce emissions. of countries’ plans — has labelled average temperature to well below world warms by more than 1.5°C. ronment and public enterprises. And South Africa’s president also signed South Africa’s “highly insufficient”. If 2°C”. That’s the number scientists Even the best-case scenario comes the unions failed to be proactive and it. The Copenhagen Accord noted every country in the world did as lit- think would do a great deal of dam- with drought, flooding, hunger and prepare for energy from wind and that “strong political will to urgently tle as South Africa about its carbon age, but wouldn’t collapse the world mass migration. Each of these cases sun and instead hampered plans to combat climate change” was needed. emissions, CAT says the world would as we know it. The agreement also get worse the longer the world contin- deal with Eskom’s crisis. It suggested a goal: “The increase in warm by nearly 4°C. asks countries to “pursue efforts to ues to emit high levels of carbon pol- Despite South Africa’s promise global temperature should be below With goodwill gone after limit the temperature increase to lution and they all threaten the exist- (and those of other countries) to scale 2°C.” Copenhagen, it took extraordinary 1.5°C”. That’s the number African ence of human society in its current things up, the Madrid talks largely At this point, the world had already negotiating skills — led by South countries, and the island states that form, with the possibility of tens to failed. These were meant to iron out warmed by 0.8°C. It has now warmed Africans — at international climate are already disappearing under hundreds of millions of people dying. technical details left undecided at by 1.2°C. That seems like a fractional negotiations in Durban in 2011 to the rising sea, say is the maximum Given the stakes, the report said the Paris Agreement, including car- increase, but fractions of a degree rescue things. This led to the 2015 threshold before things start to go large-scale, “unprecedented” action bon trading and who pay for damage normally come over the course of Paris Agreement, a necessarily weak seriously wrong. It’s a number that needed to happen to cut global car- already done by the climate crisis. centuries and we’re on course for a plan for tackling climate: to get more will probably be exceeded in the com- bon emissions by 45% by 2030 and to Countries such as the US and Brazil near 4°C rise in the world’s tempera- countries in, you have to demand less ing decade. net zero by 2050. were instrumental in undermining ture since the start of the industrial of them. That was the strategy used In late 2018, the UN’s climate Countries, mostly in Western the negotiations. revolution in the late 1700s. to put in place the Montreal Protocol agency, the Intergovernmental Panel Europe, are cutting emissions in line A decade that started with little Copenhagen was the foundation on ozone-depleting substances, on Climate Change, published the with this scientific warning. South hope has ended in gloom, despite the of South Africa’s climate plan, which signed in 1987, which started small Africa’s plan — and the new national optimism of Paris in 2015. The science allows emissions to grow by more but has done so well that it has now energy plan — doesn’t follow what says carbon emissions have to almost than 20% until 2025, stay there for a done more than any other interna- science says is needed. Medupi and halve by the end of the next decade. decade and then drop from 2035 — tional agreement to lower carbon If every country in Kusile, the world’s third- and fourth- Nothing shows that this will happen. but still not to levels that scientists emissions. the world did as little biggest coal power plants, will still But in the spirit of Christmas, South say are needed. This plan is tied to At the heart of the Paris Agreement as South Africa about be operating in 2050. As could two Africa could rewrite its part in this Eskom’s coal-fired power plants, are nationally determined contribu- private coal plants the government narrative. If the national energy plan with most of the fleet being decom- tions — what each country says it will its carbon emissions, wants to build, despite a court order is followed, the country will build a missioned by 2035. But the plan has do to lower emissions. the world would warm that government look at those plants’ mixed grid dominated by wind and been roundly criticised. The interna- South Africa’s current plan is basi- effect on climate change and recon- solar power. That would save lives tional organisation, Climate Action cally the same as its 2009 one. by nearly 4°C sider its decision. and create a whole new economy. Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 5 6 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 News Management live it up at Fort Hare

The university has financial problems and aisles of a lecture room, because the chairs are broken and the lecture conditions for students are ‘shocking’, yet senior halls are overcrowded. staff get luxury cars and unlimited petrol cards The report also said that the Alice and East London campuses are in a state of disrepair and have been Bongekile Macupe chancellor of the University of the neglected. Witwatersrand, as an administra- “The campus is littered with old n assessor’s report tor at Fort Hare university. This and broken pieces of furniture into affairs at the Uni- was after the council had removed (chairs, beds, mattresses), which versity of Fort Hare Sakhela Buhlungu as vice-chancellor have clearly been standing or lying A(UFH) has revealed in a meeting that did not meet the around gathering dust for years. that some people use quorum. Nongxa now runs the func- Nobody seems to care, or to do any- the institution as a “cash cow”, yet tions of the council. thing about it,” reads the report. students have inadequate learning Brink and Molamu were also “Particularly in Alice, there is litter facilities and live in dilapidated resi- tasked with investigating policies all over campus, but no rubbish bins. dences. and procedures pertaining to fi nan- In East London, where many stu- “There are disturbing signs of a cial management, supply chain dents walk quite a long distance to widespread belief that the university management, any specific allega- lectures, there is exactly one outside is a kind of cash cow which everyone tions of financial irregularity and tap where students can drink water; is entitled to milk for personal ben- administrative issues, among other otherwise they have to source drink- efi t. The problem is not only that this matters. Short straw: While Fort Hare students protest for better conditions, staff are ing water in the 15 toilets.” may happen outside of rules and pol- Some of the issues the report said to be milking the university. Photo: Stringer/AFP/Getty Images Some of the recommendations icies. The problem is also that some fl agged as problematic, particularly made in the report include that after of the rules and policies are quite for a university facing fi nancial dif- as UFH, it seems very generous to “Some of what we saw is shocking,” Nongxa’s term as an administra- generous in distributing university ficulties, included how senior staff allow senior staff to use university- the report noted. “In the residences tor has ended, the university must largesse,” reads the report, which members are supplied with serviced purchased cars for private purposes, we saw students living four to a room be subject to increased and regular was gazetted last week by Higher cars and unlimited fuel to move with no limit on use and all expenses meant for two, with two of them scrutiny by the department of higher Education, Science and Technology between the Alice and East London paid. We were given a list of 19 vehi- sleeping on mattresses on the fl oor, education for a further period of Minister Blade Nzimande. campuses. The report said, in prin- cles assigned to senior staff in this in old prefab buildings. This takes three years, if necessary. In July, Nzimande appointed ciple, it made sense that senior staff manner, including five Mercedes place under university auspices, It also called for Nzimande to con- professors Chris Brink and Louis were provided with cars because Benzes and a Jaguar.” with the students paying full fees for sider recruiting and appointing a Molamu as independent assessors. they would claim for kilometres trav- The report also said students spoke accommodation.” new chairperson of the university’s Their mandate was to investigate the elled if they used their cars for work about “long-term frustrations” of The report found that there are council through the department, governance issues that led to former purposes. poor teaching facilities and inad- more students than the university’s instead of that person being elected minister Naledi Pandor appoint- But it then added: “For a univer- equate accommodation, both in East facilities can cope with. Students by council members from among ing Loyiso Nongxa, the former vice- sity with such financial challenges London and in Alice. have to sit on the floor and in the themselves.

Follow us on social media: @NBPublishers @NBPublishers @nbpublishers www.nb.co.za | Available at all good bookstores Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 7 News

In the headlights : Cyril Ramaphosa, who has had to deal with the fallout from the Zuma years, is likely to face ANC factions working against him in the new year. Photo: Delwyn Verasamy A year of ‘shocks and surprises’

Collapsed coalitions, a reduced ANC majority, and his supporters since his election her and instead backed Nkosazana erned the two cities, reason to end at Nasrec in December 2017. Dlamini-Zuma. the coalition agreement and field its a conflicted ruling party, a self-gutting DA, the The party has been unable to hold Sisulu and deputy president own mayoral candidate to replace ‘same old’ EFF and something new from the IFP a series of crucial elective confer- David Mabuza are more likely to Mashaba. ences in a number of provinces and be opponents, rather than back- One party that didn’t come with regions — including Mpumalanga ers, come 2022. Mabuza swung any shocks and surprises in 2019 Paddy Harper responsible for the looting of state and North West, where infight- the outcome of the Nasrec confer- was the EFF, which continued with coffers to book. Tainted ministers ing has forced the ANC to place its ence with his behind the scenes its electoral growth, taking 10.8% hen Cyril have been recycled as parliamen- structures under administration. “unity” manoeuvring. Both he and of the vote nationally and secur- Ramaphosa was tary committee chairs, or appointed As a result, elective meetings — the Sisulu are likely use the NGC meet- ing its place as the third biggest propelled into to the boards of lower profile state outcome of which are central to what ing as a forum to assess their poten- party in the country. Its dumping Wthe presidency, it entities. The criminal justice system lies ahead for Ramaphosa — have tial to provide Ramaphosa with of the DA as a coalition partner in allowed the ANC has been pitifully slow to act, despite been put off until next year. another shock. Johannesburg and Tshwane was to maintain its parliamentary major- the almost daily naming of names A realignment of forces and shift- The Democratic Alliance pro- also no surprise, given the changes ity and govern South Africa alone. and revelations of malfeasance at ing alliances in the ANC may also vided its own fair share of surprises in the DA leadership and the ability An undertaking to deal with state the Zondo inquiry into state capture, provide Ramaphosa with more in 2019, not least its decision to dis- of EFF leadership’s unerring eye for capture, clean up the civil service, the inquiry into impropriety at the shocks, both at the elective confer- embowel itself over the loss of just the political about-turn. mend floundering state-owned Public Investment Corporation, as ences, the national general council under 2% of the vote in the May The EFF’s elective national enterprises and create jobs secured well as other public inquiries. meeting and, ultimately, in 2022. election. Mmusi Maimane’s attempt assembly in early December also the ANC 57.5 % of the vote nationally. But Ramaphosa has had to try to Magashule’s faction in the ANC, to sell the party as a nonracial alter- provided no surprises. President Ahead of the poll, Ramaphosa, keep the sun rising while a faction in which controls the party machin- native to the ANC failed among its Julius Malema and his deputy Floyd who had replaced Jacob Zuma the party is working against him. ery, has also reached out to some of white supporters, with the party’s Shivambu cemented their control of when he was recalled in February Somehow, Ramaphosa is regu- Ramaphosa’s former supporters, share of the vote dropping from the party while making an example 2018, appeared to have a handle on larly “surprised and shocked” (or is among them Human Settlements 22.2% in 2014 to 20.8%, when many of Dali Mpofu and other challeng- things, promising that sparks would that “‘shocked and surprised”) at the Minister Lindiwe Sisulu. She col- moved to the Freedom Front Plus. ers to their authority and ensuring fly should he be elected, rather than depth of the various crises gripping lapsed her 2017 presidential The party’s response was to blame that they failed to make it back to the appointed. the nation. campaign to back Ramaphosa, the loss on Maimane, who resigned, national leadership. Ramaphosa made a lively start, More shocks and surprises may lie but has of late moved closer to and to move to the right, with former Perhaps the biggest political with a cull of Cabinet deadwood in store for him next year when the Magashule and the ANC Women’s Western Cape premier Helen Zille surprise of 2019 came from the and a big drive for investment and governing party holds its mid-term League, which had failed to endorse making a comeback as DA federal Inkatha Freedom Party. The IFP job creation. Fresh appointments in national general council (NGC) meet- chairperson. not only finally held its elective gen- the criminal justice system pointed ing. Although the meeting is meant The move sparked a backlash eral conference after 12 years, but towards results in terms of cleaning to be a mid-term policy review, it is from Maimane’s supporters and did the unimaginable and elected up the debris of “nine wasted years” an important precursor to the party’s The DA provided its ultimately cost the DA control of Velenkosini Hlabisa to replace under his predecessor. 2022 elective conference. share of surprises, the Tshwane and Johannesburg Mangosuthu Buthelezi as its presi- Seven months after the May elec- Forces loyal to Zuma, led by sec- not least its decision metropolitan municipalities. The dent, a post he had held since its for- tions, the head of state’s promise retary general Ace Magashule, have resignation of Johannesburg mayor mation 44 years ago. of a New Dawn has lost some of its staged a fightback in the provinces to disembowel itself Herman Mashaba, in response to What did come as no surprise was shine in the face of job losses, the col- and in the party’s national executive over the loss of just nonracial rejection and the election the decision to appoint Buthelezi as lapse of state-owned enterprises and committee, effectively negating many of Zille, gave the Economic Freedom president emeritus — president for an apparent inability to bring those of the advances made by Ramaphosa under 2% of the vote Fighters, with which the DA had gov- life. 8 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 News How South Africa’s minibus taxi

The industry contributes this rank has and the number of pas- sengers, for a bystander to learn that billions to our informal we are not making profits would be a economy, yet the drivers shock.” Madijo says they’d love the gov- who are the bedrock ernment to intervene, to invest and of the public transport empower them. “I did not dream of being a vendor for the rest of my system are often paid life. I imagined that one day I will be less than the sectoral owning a restaurant or working as a director of a restaurant. But now determination stipulates I am stuck. We want growth in this business.” Magnificent Mndebele Part of the reason traders like & Musawenkosi Cabe Buthelezi and Madijo are struggling to get enough customers is because t is 6.30am and traffic is start- they’ve been allocated vending stalls ing to build up. A queue mar- that are out of sight in the rank. shal holding a sjambok at Bree “The place was built, but they never ITaxi Rank, which takes its name sat down with us to ask, ‘Where from Bree Street in the centre of would you like the kitchen to be?’ Johannesburg, directs and shouts They just went on to build without at taxi drivers: “Woza! Ngena, woza our involvement,” Madijo says. “This baba! (Come, get in).” building does not accommodate Inside the rank, some of the traders our customers. We are behind the have set up their stalls and are set- passages.” tling in to catch the early-bird com- Although they appreciate having muters. Others are in a state of panic, a structure and not being exposed trying to get set up before they start to torrential rain and heavy wind, if losing business. Driving employment: the government had consulted them This rank is for local trips only and Bree Street Taxi Rank in during the architectural design of the is one of the busiest in Gauteng. Johannesburg (above) and stalls, things would have been better, The taxi industry, which connects National Taxi Association they say. millions of residents from the periph- spokesperson Theo Malele ery to the cities, operates on the mar- (right), who says the industry Minimum wage gins of public transport. The millions has provided jobs to about Despite consistent economic growth of passengers who take taxis in pur- 600 000 people, including brought by the taxi industry over the suit of their aspirations and goals drivers, marshals, car years, it remains characterised by place their fate in the hands of taxi washers and traders. appalling labour relations. drivers. Photo: Noncedo Gxekwa Randall says that, from her experi- Bhekizizwe Ncobeni* (48) is a ence as an occupational therapist, driver of 15 years who has dedicated Ncobeni explains that to earn the working conditions of taxi driv- his life to transporting commuters. enough to survive, taxi drivers look ers are among the worst she has But, unlike many of us, his dreams for innovative ways to maximise encountered. They’re subjected to have been delayed while transporting imali yesokisi by swiping passengers “long working hours, relatively poor commuters to their destinations. from other taxis going to different earnings and a widespread (or even He and thousands of other taxi destinations. universal) lack of very basic safety drivers across South Africa are In Gauteng, more than 1 000 taxis nets such as UIF [the Unemployment among the most exploited and under- are said to be bought monthly, lead- Insurance Fund] and Compensation paid workers, together with domestic ing to a high volume of minibuses pillar of public transport, account- sell porridge, Jungle Oats and cereal Fund cover. Benefits such as medi- and farm workers. on the same routes. Because of ing for 65%, followed by buses at 20% to commuters. cal aid, funeral insurance, pension Reaching for an unmarked brown this, Zungu says, imali yesokisi has and trains at 15%. Patience Nomonde, 58, affection- or provident funds and even basic envelope in the driver’s door of a decreased drastically, forcing drivers The taxi industry emerged in ately known as Madijo (the mother paid leave of any type seem to be Toyota Quantum, Ncobeni poses a to live even more hand-to-mouth. the aftermath of the brutal forced of food), is from Orange Farm, about unheard of luxuries for the average rhetorical question: “If you multiply “When you see us being naughty removal of black people from the 45km from Johannesburg. She taxi driver,” says Randall. R500 by four weeks, how much do I and chaotic on the road, as if we own cities by the apartheid state. At became a vendor in 1992 and runs a The sectoral determinations that earn?” the road, it is because of these pres- first, the industry operated under restaurant selling pap and meat. the department of employment and The R2 000 a month that Ncobeni sures. If you do not do these things, severe state regulation, when it was “This is like our company or a firm. labour issued for October 1 2017 to earns is way below his monthly at the end of the day you will end up still struggling to be recognised That’s why we wake up every day to June 30 2018 declare that taxi driv- expenses. “I pay rent of R2 500 and I with nothing,” says Ncobeni. as a form of public transport, says come and sell at the taxi rank. You ers must earn a minimum of R787.73 need to buy groceries for my family Taxi drivers say one of the factors Siyabulela Fobosi, a public transport cannot afford to miss a day: if you a week, or R16.41 an hour, which is back home [in Zimbabwe], which is that contributes towards them break- researcher. do not wake up for work you will not below the R20 an hour national mini- R2 000, and to transport it either via ing the rules of the road is that mini- The industry began thriving in benefit, ya understand? … We have mum wage. a taxi or bus costs me an extra R500. bus taxis don’t have a dedicated lane, 1987 after deregulation and is now raised and educated our children, “Not many of the taxi drivers in my I, too, need to eat,” Ncobeni explains. making it extremely difficult to work reported to have a direct and indirect and also built homes [through this study were aware that there is a sec- “The money we earn is nothing.” during peak traffic hours. impact on the informal economy. work],” says Madijo. toral determination for the taxi sec- If metro police officers stop them National Taxi Alliance spokesper- Business, however, has declined tor, setting out the minimum amount Imali yesokisi when driving in the emergency son Theo Malele says the industry over the years. Initially, the City of they must be paid and the maximum Ntabakazikhonjwa Zungu* is 52 and lane or the Rea Vaya bus lanes in has provided employment to about Johannesburg moved vendors from number of hours they should have to has been a taxi driver for more than Johannesburg, they are fined R500. 600 000 people. Taxi drivers; queue trading on the streets to operating work per week — right down to stip- 20 years. He can relate to Ncobeni’s The hefty fine has to be paid from the marshals, who earn R300 a week; inside the taxi rank. Buthelezi says ulating night-shift allowances and struggle. Every day, he wakes up at taxi driver’s pocket. car washers and informal traders are they were told that no trading would overtime pay rates,” says Randall. about 2.30am to start queuing at the “Driving of minibus taxis in some of those people employed by happen outside the rank. But over Malele says that as taxi operators rank for his first trip at 4am. Johannesburg is very stressful,” the industry, directly and indirectly. time, more and more street trad- they “want to be seen to be complying The father of three says he is still says occupational therapist Dr Lee ers without vending permits have with the sectoral determination of working despite tough labour con- Randall, who has studied the taxi Industry beneficiary arrived, setting up in the busiest the department of employment”, but ditions because his last-born child industry extensively. Inside the Bree rank and its dark cor- spots within the rank. as an industry they face challenges. is still at school. Zungu also earns “Research with bus and truck driv- ridors, life goes on at full blast. A cou- This has had a negative effect on For Malele, not all routes are lucra- R500 a week. Both drivers, as well ers has found that the combination ple of hundred people arrive daily to traders such as Buthelezi, Madijo tive and the costs of operating a taxi as others, say that because taxi driv- of high pressure and low control — run their businesses and maintain a and others with vending permits — such as bank loan instalments, ers earn so little, to survive they rely especially when drivers must adhere livelihood. Nandi Buthelezi, 53, a ven- to operate inside the rank and, as maintenance, and wages for driv- on what they call imali yesokisi, the to a schedule and when traffic condi- dor at the rank, says she wakes up at such, rental obligations to the City. ers and queue marshals — are high. extra money a taxi driver makes after tions are unpleasant — is associated 2.45am every day to arrive by 4am to Many have defaulted on their R450 Beyond this, not having state subsi- reaching the day’s target required by with mental health risks, and the monthly rent and now live in fear of dies makes it difficult to comply with the taxi owner. same is likely to apply to minibus taxi being evicted. the minimum wage and extend cer- The owner has no knowledge of drivers,” says Randall. “Yesterday we were asking our- tain benefits to drivers. this money, which ranges from about “I pay rent of R2 500 selves, ‘How are we going to travel Zungu opposes this argument. R200 to R300 a day. “If you … want The taxi industry’s history and I need to buy back to our homes?’ because we don’t “Taxi owners don’t like being taxed; to wait for the owner to pay you, you There are more than 200 000 mini- groceries for my family have money,” says Buthelezi. they will see it as a loss. We need will get nothing,” says Ncobeni, add- buses in South Africa, transporting Madijo weighs in: “I left for home to register working hours. If you ing that every day he has to give the more than 15-million commuters back home … I, too, late, around 7.10pm, as I was wait- worked hard, you must earn a living taxi owner R500. This means that each day. The industry is estimated ing for at least one more customer wage, not isokisi, because we will be need to eat. The money petrol, per diems and other costs to generate annual profits of at least to come in so that I’d be able to get accused of stealing,” Zungu says. remain his responsibility. R90-billion. Taxis are considered the we earn is nothing” a taxi fare. Looking at the taxis that South African National Taxi Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 9 News industry exploits its drivers

After dedicating three decades of her life to being a driver, when she tried to empower herself by taking ownership of a minibus taxi, she was denied. It was an unfathomable and irreconcilable betrayal, Ndamase says. To operate her first minibus taxi, she had to khwapha or conceal her- self as the owner by operating under someone else’s name, usually a famil- iar taxi owner in an association. This taxi was damaged in an accident. She had to operate in a similar manner with her second minibus taxi, which was later stolen. “If ukhwaphile,” Ndamase says, “you cannot even speak out if there is anything wrong. You need to be silent at all times.” Dissenting voices silenced Recently, Ndamase managed to buy a new Toyota Quantum with a loan. “I approached one of the owners in the association that I work for. He said, ‘MaNdamase, you have been with the association for years: there is no other association you need to approach other than that of ours if you want your car to operate’,” she says. But, her taxi operated for only a month before the owners said they “cannot have a driver’s car oper- ate in our association”. As a result, she struggled to pay off the R15 000 monthly instalments because her taxi couldn’t get regular trips. This forced her to supplement the repayments Jostling for space: In Gauteng, more than 1 000 taxis are said to be bought monthly, leading to a high volume of minibuses on the same routes. This with her own income. makes it even more difficult for drivers to make money. Photo: Noncedo Gxekwa “Owners have created a monopoly, only their cars must work. The way Council Gauteng spokesperson muters,” Fobosi says. “The possible whether the taxi owners are pro- will say I must leave the keys and these men are so corrupt, I have real- Midday Mali says: “We are trying to longer-term consequences when the viding job contracts, payslips and the taxi. Just like that, you’re fired,” ised in our association they don’t comply with [the Labour Relations taxi drivers are overworked is con- other basic legal requirements,” says Ncobeni says. want a driver to be part of the asso- Act] and we also want drivers to tinued dissatisfaction with the work Randall. “Another employer will fire you ciation. And they are adamant about understand their rights. The biggest itself. To correct this, Fobosi says, “The for being involved in an accident. that,” Ndamase says, adding that challenge is that most of the drivers If a taxi driver needs to take a day department of employment and However, sometimes the car gets being a woman driver and aspir- are not happy to sign contracts; they off, that driver has the responsibil- labour should have labour inspec- broken and when it comes back from ing taxi owner in a male-dominated deem them as binding too much. ity of finding a replacement driver to tors enforcing labour regulations in the panel beaters, it’d come with a industry has added to her struggle to “For [taxi drivers] to sign and [for cover for. If the taxi owner has a lot the taxi ranks and ensure compliance different driver. You’d only know gain access to the industry. us as taxi owners to] comply as an of minibuses, a standby driver will with the sectoral determination for that you’ve been fired when your col- For Ndamase, collective action industry will help them to under- be hired to take over. But the driver the taxi sector. All taxi owners should leagues ask where you [are] because within the industry is impossible. stand their benefits … We are trying intending to take leave will do so ensure that employees have contracts they see your car in the taxi rank. “When you speak out, they will find to make ways and means to bring our without being paid. of employment and that fair labour Rights for taxi drivers do not exist. a way to dismiss you. When the driv- drivers closer, the Gauteng MEC of Randall says the department of practices are enforced.” We are oppressed by the owners of ers hold a meeting discussing crucial roads and transport Jacob Mamabolo transport and the department of The department did not respond to the cars and they treat us as their issues, the owner will be calling you, is also coming to help [us learn] how employment and labour are the questions about its role in ensuring slaves.” telling you not to be a part of that. In can we best regulate the industry.” ones largely implicated in relation to fair labour practices in the industry. Fobosi says the reason taxi own- the industry there are a lot of family the poor working conditions of taxi The department of transport also did ers are not warming up to the idea of ties — nephews of the owners and Unfair working conditions drivers. not respond to numerous requests. regulation is to avoid complying with brothers, all of that. So there is noth- Some drivers work seven days a week. “The latter seems to be turning a Malele says there is talk in the fair labour practices, a view shared by ing really that you can do because Zungu says that he can hardly watch blind eye to blatant labour law vio- National Taxi Alliance of transform- taxi drivers. they ask, ‘Who was speaking?’ And television without falling asleep lations. During my literature search, ing and improving the labour condi- For Zungu, in the taxi industry, when you speak out, you are gone. because of fatigue. for instance, I found no evidence that tions of drivers. owning a taxi as a driver means Many, I know, have died in front of “It is important that taxi drivers inspections or raids on taxi associa- “Modernisation of the industry empowerment. Malele echoes this me.” get enough time to rest and not be tion offices are carried out to check [resulted in an agreement] to pro- sentiment, saying that taxi drivers Taxi drivers’ overlapping dilem- overworked, so that they are not tired that drivers are properly employed, fessionalise this business and look at with more than 10 years of experience mas are akin to being asked to cross when driving taxis. The work of the and many of the drivers in my study the interest of labour practices. Our are promoted or eligible to become a river of dirty water, with too many taxi drivers is intrinsically linked to noted that labour inspectors at ranks service levels will improve, [includ- taxi owners, depending on their con- potential enemies and crocodiles. the travelling experiences of com- and on the roads should check on ing] communication skills, and being duct during the their time spent as It is just too delicate and dangerous able to treat taxi drivers as human drivers. to challenge the status quo or even to beings,” he says. Yet the drivers lament the strin- organise. “Joining a union is virtually But, for Randall, “Work conditions gent gatekeeping of the taxi associa- impossible, both because [taxi driv- and the industry as a whole have tions. In their associations, one is not ers] have such informal job arrange- deteriorated rather than improved allowed to own a taxi and be a driver ments, being paid in cash rather than over the past couple of decades. Thus, at the same time. via salary transfers, and because they it has moved further away from pro- Nonkozo Ndamase* (60) who has work in isolation and they have a fessionalising even though there’s been a driver for more than 30 years, realistic fear of violent repercussions widespread acceptance that it needs says there was a time in her associa- if they object to their work condi- to become more professional.” tion when the longest-serving driv- tions,” says Randall. ers demanded to be promoted and Looking at all the things that No job security acquire the right to be owners. The need to be fixed in the taxi industry, Beyond the precarious working con- association allegedly said the work Ndamase says: “I doubt that this ditions, taxi drivers’ jobs are gener- was reserved for the children of own- industry will ever change. The people ally uncertain. ers. To challenge this, the drivers who work in the industry are stub- “Owners dismiss anyhow. Sometimes organised a small protest and were born and difficult.” it depends on what you have done. all dismissed, says Ndamase. For example, if you failed to reach the Ndamase has had her own strug- * Some taxi drivers spoke on the target because of traffic and you give gles in breaking through the indus- basis of anonymity and the identity the owner R300 instead of R500, he try, from being a taxi driver to becom- of others has been concealed to pro- Cash in hand: After submitting the owner’s target amount, which is R500 will insist that I took his money and ing a legally operating taxi owner. tect them from possible threats to a day, taxi drivers take home R500 a week in an envelope. They do not you wouldn’t be given a chance as a When she tries telling her story, her their lives. This article was originally have a salary slip system. Photo: Andiswa Mkosi driver to explain what happened. He eyes get glassy with tears. published by New Frame 10 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 Cabinet report cards Slow but steady: Ramaphosa is

CYRIL RAMAPHOSA syndicate is where we are now: star- Neither the ruling party (even its posted on the treasury’s website for President ing at Ramaphosa, wondering, as powerful economic transfor- public comment. Unsurprisingly, 2018 Grade: C the panic rises, if this man has what mation sub-committee) this angered Cabinet members and 2019 Grade: C it takes to accomplish even half of nor any of Mboweni’s ANC bigwigs, and alienated South Africa is in a state of deep what needs to be done. Cabinet colleagues labour federation Cosatu crisis. As the year comes to an end, Regarding the economy, played a part in and the South African rolling blackouts returned. Eskom Ramaphosa is a mixed bag. We conceptualising Communist Party. Later is nowhere near looking like it may have stood still in 2019, not getting or drafting the news reports informed be turned around, and the wider better but also not getting much document. us that Ramaphosa systemic risks it represents worse. That is the sort of thing Many had “supports Mboweni’s — the energy crisis, the coun- that’s considered good news not seen economic plan”. That try’s debt, economic slow- C now. There will be sub-zero per- it until is surely not how it down — get more pronounced cent economic growth for this it was should be. by the day. Unemployment has year, and an overall contraction is The document worsened, and when the full num- still possible if the fourth-quarter has glaring weak- bers for 2019 are in, we may dis- gross domestic product numbers nesses: it makes cover that the economy contracted follow on the 0.6% decline of the uninformed claims this year. third quarter. There seems to be about some eco- This is the broad background no plan that involves extending nomic sectors, mis- against which President Cyril economic opportunity to the more diagnoses problems Ramaphosa is graded. It’s a tough than 10-million people who are out and prescribes the picture. But Ramaphosa does have of work, and so unemployment now wrong remedies. It one or two advantages that boost his sits at about 30%. is also shockingly grade somewhat. What’s most concerning about unambitious, and For one thing, he is not the author Ramaphosa and his team’s perfor- the plans in it will of the multiple crises his govern- mance on the economy, though, is do nothing to make ment is tripping over. He is, for bet- the apparent lack of coherence and a dent on 30% unem- ter or worse, the man we entrusted direction. In his first State of the ployment. It reads as if on May 8 to get us out of the mess he Nation address after the May elec- it was written by treas- inherited. He is judged not so much tions, Ramaphosa said his govern- ury officials and advisers, on its existence but whether he is ment would pursue seven key not elected leaders who succeeding in getting us out of it. priorities, at the top of which feel the burden of lift- Ramaphosa also gets a lot of lee- was “economic transfor- ing millions out way, considering who he inherited mation and job creation”. of poverty. the mess from. In other words, he There was the promise of gets a good hearing merely by not a grand plan to get South being former president Jacob Zuma. Africa working and In April 2009 Zuma came to power growing. Since then, and almost immediately set about all we have seen is a dismantling the state apparatus that demonstration of the had spent much of the decade pur- damaging incoher- suing him for corruption or could ence that has dogged stop his rampage through the buff et ANC governance on he considered state-owned enter- the economy for 25 prises (SOEs) to be. years. In nine disastrous years, he took a It was Finance hammer to the National Prosecuting Minister Tito Authority (NPA), the Hawks inves- Mboweni, not tigative unit, the South African the president, Revenue Service (Sars), the South who released African Police Service and the intel- a “blueprint” ligence services. Then, and seem- for the econ- ingly this was the entire point of his omy earlier presidency, Zuma and his cronies this year. set about robbing Eskom, Transnet, The political Denel, SAA, the SABC and any other management part of the state from which a few from Mboweni dimes could be squeezed out. The and Ramaphosa cumulative eff ect of the work of his was amateurish.

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A: Take a bow. You are doing an excellent job D: Get your act together What the B: Good, but room for improvement E: Do yourself and the country a favour, resign grades mean C: You are okay F: You are fired putting SA Inc back on its feet

Ramaphosa is hampered by divi- DAVID MABUZA in critical sectors of the economy; sive ANC politics and so is not pro- Deputy President and viding clear leadership and direc- 2018 Grade: D O Promoting social cohesion ini- tion on the economy. We do not yet 2019 Grade: D tiatives including being patron of have a “Ramaphosa plan” in which Deputy President is a job that the Moral Regeneration Movement the communication is unambiguous nobody wants unless they intend (conceptualised by Nelson and which is driven by the presi- to use it as a springboard to pursue Mandela). dency and adopted by all ministers the top job. Presidents who think That’s a lot of words to express and departments. That means the they’ve appointed a deputy who is responsibility of no real conse- most important part of the presi- content to support and hold the quence. No delegations to do with dent’s task remains a contested fort when needed and stay in their the economy or anything important, political football between his eco- lane are soon disappointed. except to assist the president accom- nomic ministers, senior ANC fi gures Often, they are toppled. plish those. and alliance partners. For instructive contem- The ANC gives its deputy presi- But there are triumphs on the porary examples of post- D dent a lot more power and responsi- horizon. The investment climate apartheid South Africa’s bility than this. With his ANC hat on is slowly but surely changing. “DP problem” please see as chair of the party’s deployment Ramaphosa’s second investment Thabo Mbeki, circa 1999-2008 committee, Mabuza can decide, or at summit attracted about R350-billion or Jacob Zuma circa 2009-2012, the very least infl uence signifi cantly, in pledges from local and interna- 2014-2018. who leads our state-owned compa- tional investors. He has promised to At least with David Mabuza, Cyril nies or other state institutions. bring R1.4-trillion worth of invest- Ramaphosa has the advantage of The area in which the deputy ment into the economy by 2024. On knowing exactly what his No 2 is president has been most visible is this measure, he is doing well. about and what he wants. There are in Parliament, where he is the most The South African Reserve Bank’s no deceptions. Cold comfort for a prominent member of the execu- numbers confirm the investment president who looks as vulnerable tive representing the government, turnaround. In the second quarter as Ramaphosa does, leading a party explaining its work and its thinking, of this year, gross fi xed investment as unstable and divided as the ANC. and accounting for its mistakes. He increased by 6% after fi ve quarters Mabuza knows the ANC inside doesn’t do particularly well in this of decline. This growth in invest- out and can manipulate its inter- area, all too often looking like what ment is led by the private sector, nal dynamics to his own advantage. he ultimately is — a strongman of with the state and SOEs following The way he ended up as its deputy provincial pork barrel politics risen behind. president at the ANC’s Nasrec elec- way above his station and his grasp This suggests business confi- toral conference two years ago is a of the modern world, thrust into the dence in the economy is on the rise, prime demonstration. Moreover, national limelight before anyone despite the persistent headwinds. unlike any of his predecessors, he could polish him up and make him Under Ramaphosa there has can claim to have won his boss the ready for it. also been a slow but clear effort main offi ce. Without Mpumalanga’s He’s twice been tripped up over to restore the integrity and func- votes at Nasrec —votes marshalled the fourth industrial revolution tioning of state institutions and, by Mabuza — Ramaphosa would not fi ned portfolio. How much of a job and troubleshooting in service deliv- when asked questions about it. To be most importantly, to restore public be in offi ce. the deputy does or doesn’t have is ery hotspots; fair, the question from the Economic confi dence. What is the price that Ramaphosa defi ned by the president, who del- O Co-ordinating anti-poverty ini- Freedom Fighters’ Mbuyiseni Ndlozi Sars, the NPA, the Hawks and will pay for this service? There is the egates responsibilities. The govern- tiatives through, among others, demanded Mabuza explain “the other key institutions have new constant looking over your shoul- ment defi nes the delegated respon- public employment programmes, role of nanotechnology” in the area leaders. They are in the middle of a der sure, especially with the ANC’s sibilities as: integrated service delivery and of medical diagnosis, something clean-up of the rot that took root for national general council only six O Leading government business in enterprise development; Ndlozi himself would not have been nearly 10 years. months away. Parliament; O Leading the South African able to explain. It was a silly and But budgets are constrained and But that was always part of the O Leading government efforts National AIDS Council and the unhelpful “gotcha!” type of ques- progress is slow, so public patience bargain, and Ramaphosa would be a to fast-track land reform and the country’s integrated response to the tion, which Mabuza pulled up short is wearing thin. fool not to anticipate it. co-ordination of government pro- challenges of HIV; instead of waffl ing about nanotech. There are signs that high-profi le But what does Mabuza bring or grammes to accelerate land reform O Assisting the president in eff orts But eight months later the prosecutions for corruption will fol- take away by occupying his offi ce at and agricultural support; towards building a better Africa; Democratic Alliance asked a similar low in 2020, as a result of the work the Union Building? A smart politi- O Assisting the president in stim- O Supporting in investment facili- question and again Mabuza fl oun- that has been put in to reinvigorate cian for sure, but does he have any ulating and supporting rural and tation and trade promotion; dered. We don’t need our govern- the investigative and prosecutorial ability as an administrator? Is he at township economies through imple- O Leading the Human Resource ment leaders to know everything capacity of these offi ces. least useful to Ramaphosa before he menting empowerment models; Development Council and foster- about anything, but we can expect If that happens, Ramaphosa will stabs him in the back? O Assisting the president in the ing collaboration between govern- them to try to plug gaps in their possibly have a better year — and a The deputy president, unlike implementation of rapid response ment and social partners towards knowledge when these have been better grade. ministers, does not have a prede- interventions on service delivery addressing the shortage of skills previously exposed. 12 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 Cabinet report cards

KHUMBUDZO tive of how much you earn NTSHAVHENI you should be able to get a Minister of Small Business loan for higher education.” and Development Nzimande’s other prior- 2018 Grade: n/a ity is the expansion of the 2019 Grade: C Technical and Vocational Having been an entrepreneur Education and Training col- herself, Ntshavheni might be best leges by building more cam- suited for her portfolio. puses. But Nzimande cannot Many who have had interac- talk of expansion in this sec- tions with this department have tor when these colleges have complained about red yet to become the “institu- tape and inacces- tions of choice” that he said sibility to those it C he wanted them to be back in serves. Despite its 2012. promise, the depart- The colleges are responsi- ment was not an ally ble for the education of about for entrepreneurs. Ntshavheni 700 000 students. But, for the has promised to change all of this. 2018-2019 fi nancial year, they But first she’s had to wade received roughly R1-billion in through the politics of Luthuli state funding. House. A report presented by Ntshavheni has been dogged by Nzimande’s department to reports that she had misappropri- the portfolio committee on ated campaign funds during Cyril higher education, science Ramaphosa’s CR17 ANC presidential received a clean audit, which it has and technology last month painted campaign. The Sunday Independent achieved for the past fi ve years. a bleak picture of the colleges’ sta- reported that she had allegedly used Nzimande lauded the department bility. It was also in stark contrast a portion of the more than R5-million for being the biggest funder of post- to a report presented to the same from the CR17 campaign funds to graduate studies. In the 2018-2019 committee in October, showing that buy a luxury vehicle and build a fi nancial year, through the National most universities are well run and “mansion” in Thohoyandou for her Research Foundation, the depart- stable. mother. She’s denied the allegations, ment co-funded 13 154 postgraduate The report speaks of colleges that saying they were “based on malice students. This support allows the have acted inappropriately during and devoid of the truth”. country to consistently punch above the 2018/2019 fi nancial year, those She has been able to shuck off these its weight when it comes to interna- which have poor management and claims and get on with her job. tionally acclaimed research. weak governance oversight. In some In his State of the Nation address, With an eye on the future, the colleges teaching and learning has Ramaphosa said small business will World Economic Forum Centre for collapsed. be crucial if attempts to alleviate the Fourth Industrial Revolution The White Paper for Post-School unemployment by government are is also being established under Education, which was adopted by THULAS NXESI Because Oliphant’s departure from to be successful. It’s common sense his watch. This should turn the the Cabinet in 2013, recommended Minister of Employment and the department was preceded by the of course. Entrepreneurs need an 4IR catchphrase into something that an advisory body be set up to Labour sweeping amendments to labour enabling environment to thrive. But concrete. help to build the college system. 2018 Grade: n/a legislation, much of Nxesi’s work since it was fi rst introduced in 2014, In his higher education respon- Nzimande admits that without this 2019 Grade: C required adjusting to these changes. the ministry has yet to show much by sibility, Nzimande said he wants to body colleges will continue to strug- Nxesi, once the general secretary This has gone more smoothly than way of actual results. focus on the historically disadvan- gle — and yet he has not established of the South African Democratic expected, though the real eff ects of And so it’s not insignificant that taged universities, particularly those it. This speaks volumes about how Teachers’ Union, was probably the these amendments on the labour at age 42, Ntshavheni is one of the in rural areas. He said he wants to seriously we take the colleges. best candidate to replace his prede- regime is not yet clear. The depart- youngest ministers in Ramaphosa’s look at the funding formula for uni- Nzimande speaks as if he suddenly cessor. But he has big shoes to fi ll. ment, for instance, has had to ensure Cabinet. She is meant to be bringing versities to see whether it discrimi- has a magic wand to fi x all the gaps Mildred Oliphant was in the posi- that the National Minimum Wage fresh ideas, and her own experience nates against the historically disad- that have been in the system for tion for almost a decade and, dur- Act is enforced. As part of this, as an entrepreneur into the ministry. vantaged universities. For example, years when he was at the helm. It is ing her time there, she steered the department will add 200 In her budget vote address in these universities receive less money okay to have all these brilliant ideas the department through some- C inspectors and has already Parliament in July, she committed from the National Student Financial but what is important is for him to times choppy waters. She kept embarked on a nationwide to improve access to support, both Aid Scheme (Nsfas) because they act and skip the talking. The future things more-or-less stable dur- blitz of workplaces. fi nancial and nonfi nancial to small, charge relatively cheaper fees than of this country is at stake. ing the shakeup in the trade union The inspectorate has shown its medium and micro enterprises. She’s “wealthier universities” and yet landscape, when labour federa- muscle in recent months, carrying done that. Or, at the very least, intro- these institutions do not have all the tion Cosatu split, and ensured that out a number of high-profi le opera- duced a raft of measures. resources that wealthier universities contentious, but considerable, tions. This has had the controversial In July Ntshavheni also announced have. changes to labour legislation eff ect of also clamping down on the that small businesses will have access He also wants to attend to became a reality. employment of foreigners. to a mixture of grants and loans from the funding of the so-called It will be difficult for Nxesi has also had to figure out the Small Enterprise Development missing middle students Nxesi to top getting the how to integrate employment into Agency (Sefa) through a new blended — those who are too poor national minimum wage the department’s mandate, which fund that aims to finance 100 000 to afford university but signed off . This will be requires it to shift its approach from young entrepreneurs. The intention not poor enough to even more diffi cult con- compliance with labour legislation is to lower the cost of fi nance. Sefa qualify for Nsfas fund- sidering the seemingly to helping create jobs. This is still a has also set new turnaround times in ing. This missing mid- shifted interests of the work in progress; the department which to approve funding. dle was left behind in sixth administration, is embarking on co-ordinating its These are all steps in the right the #FeesMustFall which — in the wake activities with other departments direction. But there’s still a lot to do movement. of the country’s and re-aligning its resources. to show results. For Nzimande, economic woes But the entity which has, rightly the country — has been or wrongly, become the face of BLADE NZIMANDE needs a system eager to woo employment for the department, the Minister of Higher Education, where no one investors, a fact National Economic Development Science and Technology is forced to pay that may not and Labour Council (Nedlac), has in 2018 Grade: n/a for higher edu- bode well for the last year fi elded criticism for not 2019 Grade: D - cation upfront labour. being relevant. Nzimande is one of the longest serv- even if they earn The depart- Nxesi has vowed to make Nedlac ing ministers (minus the 19 months R2-million. And ment’s broad- more inclusive, but if this isn’t dealt he spent in the wilderness he wants to explore ened mandate — with carefully, it could upset the after being booted out of ways to assist children employment and relative stability in the department. Cabinet by former presi- of professionals who labour — is an indi- This could have the added effect dent Jacob Zuma). D- are excluded from get- cation of this shift, as of disturbing the current balance Besides his stint ting funding for higher the government tries to plug between business and labour. as transport minister, education. “My ideal the leaks that have Nxesi also has the challenge of Nzimande has spent the majority of is that irrespec- caused huge job rehabilitating the Compensation his time in government as the min- losses. Fund, which received negative audit ister of higher education. In May, outcomes this year and has a long he returned to that role. In an inter- history of fi nancial mismanagement. view with the Mail & Guardian, he The fund is a vital safety net for spoke with the energy of someone workers and central to a key piece coming to a new portfolio. of legislation that Nxesi hopes to see The addition of science and tech- amended soon — the Compensation nology to his portfolio means that, for Occupational Injuries and to an extent, it is new. Diseases Act, which will soon In science and technology, he be broadened to cover domestic has inherited a stable and healthy workers. department, if the outcomes If the fund isn’t saved, the protec- from the auditor general are any- tion of vulnerable workers — the thing to go by. For the fi nancial cornerstone of the department’s year 2018-2019 the department existence — will be a lost cause. Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 13 News

adopted the Property Management and two good appointments to the murder of Uyinene Mrwetyana. Empowerment Policy and at least 14 Constitutional Court. The criminal justice system came black-owned companies have been These are not really achieve- in for some of the harshest criti- approved. ments that can be attributed to cisms. The Mail & Guardian was “Tenders up to R50-million are set Lamola. But, when the National almost tempted to give Lamola an F aside in favour of enterprises that are Prosecuting Authority desperately purely based on reports that he had majority-owned by black people to needed a financial injection, he said the Cabinet would reconsider provide them with more opportuni- went to the treasury and got the imposing the death penalty. But he ties to participate in the market,” she money. Impressive. He also moved says his answer to a question at a said. with speed with the regulations that press conference was badly reported There are no sacred cows for the established the Special Investigating and taken out of context. He should new minister. De Lille, a former Unit Tribunal, which will recover have been clearer about the issue, Democratic Alliance member and some of the millions that have been but Lamola is now reassuringly fi rm mayor of Cape Town, has pushed the lost to the state because of corrup- that: “It’s not open for debate.” City of Cape Town to release land to tion and irregular spending. Regarding building a criminal jus- build houses to correct apartheid Lamola also says he will, in the fi rst tice system that works, Lamola is in for spatial planning. quarter of next year, be introducing the long haul — talking about things It is refreshing to have someone legislation that will set up permanent that can be achieved in fi ve to 10 years tackle the chaos in the public works land courts. The idea is that these will — and remains committed to a rights- and infrastructure department. deal not just with restitution claims, based system and one that views but with redistribution, evictions prison as a place to rehabilitate people. RONALD LAMOLA and evaluations — “everything that is He was criticised for his Minister of Justice and land”. The current Land Claims Court, tweet after Kanya Cekeshe, the Correctional Services envisaged when it was created to be a #FeesMustFall activist jailed for 2018 Grade: n/a temporary institution, has been crip- setting a police vehicle alight, was 2019 Grade: B pled by its legislative scheme with denied bail. Lamola said: “We note When President Cyril Ramaphosa long-standing acting appointments. the dismissal of both the leave restructured and reshuffl ed Cabinet In the meantime, the Judicial Service to appeal and bail for Fees Must in May, it was hoped that he Commission announced that it Fall activist Kanya Cekeshe by the would split justice and correc- would be interviewing for high Johannesburg Magistrate’s Court. tional services back into two B court judges to second to the We’re in the process of urgently ministries. Instead, he kept Land Claims Court — including assisting him with an application them together and handed the in KwaZulu-Natal where, says for presidential pardon or other huge portfolio to South Africa’s Lamola, there are many outstand- legally available avenues.” youngest Cabinet member. ing claims. Cekeshe then said he would peti- But after less than six months in Lamola had barely got into his tion to appeal further, and pardons the position, even the sceptics seem stride when there was the national are only an option when there are PATRICIA DE LILLE fi culty fi lling critical posts and that to be coming around, saying Lamola outpouring of rage against gender- no appeals, hence the criticism. But Minister of Public Works and many fraud cases were unresolved. has injected new energy into the based violence, triggered by the Lamola says that at the time of the Infrastructure The public works programme is departments and, although it is too tweet there had been no announce- 2018 Grade: n/a one of the biggest sources of concern early for conclusive opinions, is mak- ment of an appeal — and “every day” 2019 Grade: B and fraud. De Lille said measures ing all the right noises. the justice department helps peo- The leader of the Good Party was have been put in place to control ID Lamola says that when he was ple apply for pardons. asked to serve the country about 200 fraud and duplication of names. The “on the outside”, he also did not For many, the test for days ago. In one of her fi rst speeches public works programme reporting understand the merger of the two Lamola will be the position as a minister, De Lille said she would system has been linked to the depart- departments. But now that he is the government takes on need to hit the ground sprinting, ment of home affairs to check on the inside, it is the “sensible” South Africa’s withdrawal not just running. work benefi ciaries’ ID numbers. approach. His biggest challenge, from the International Her department is charged A month after the hype of he says, is to create an inte- Criminal Court (ICC). This with: the transformation of the B her appointment died down — grated justice system, with a will be a difficult one to construction and property sec- she is the only non-ANC mem- seamless “relay” from home navigate because the with- tors, ensuring compliance with ber President Cyril Ramaphosa affairs, which registers peo- drawal was an ANC resolu- policy and legislation for the man- included in his Cabinet — De Lille ple, through to the police, tion. The ICC is an emotive agement of state assets; giving direc- was already out to curb ministerial courts and prisons. and divisive issue, even in tion to public works priorities and spending. A very welcomed move. Such a system has been the legal community. Lamola contributing to job creation and pov- In her budget vote speech, she was a justice priority for years, says he “can’t have a per- erty alleviation through public works fi rm. Ministers would not be buying and is not something eas- sonal position” on this issue, programmes. new furniture, broken chairs would ily implemented. Lamola because his job is to implement. The department has a terrible be refurbished and electricity bills has only been at the helm A parliamentary process is still record. It’s the Special Investigating and water consumption would be for seven months. In these unfolding, with opportunities for Unit’s biggest client, with more than kept to an acceptable level. seven months there have been the public to comment. “If the ANC 1 000 of its leases being investigated. “We are investigating high con- big changes in the justice sec- wants to relook at it, we will take it De Lille says this accounts for some sumption bills with both the City of tor — the appointment of a new from there,” he says. 90% of all government leases. Tshwane and the City of Cape Town national director of public pros- With just seven months in offi ce, De Lille did hit the ground sprint- municipalities. Our property section ecutions, the finalisation of the Lamola has impressed ing. As of November, 57% of the is presently engaging with the City of saga involving former top pros- with his energy and leases had been renegotiated, saving Cape Town on overbilling amount- ecutors Nomgcobo Jiba determination to the state about R268 000 per lease. ing to R20m,” she said. and Lawrence Mrwebi, get things done The portfolio committee on public Parliamentarians also want to the establishment of and his sober works wants answers to many ques- see the transformation of the con- Hermione Cronje’s spe- assessment of tions. It identifi ed that the depart- struction sector, which provides cial corruption-busting just how much ment did not have the muscle to deal services and property. Progress directorate (known work there will with strategic risks, was having dif- is slow but the department has as Scorpions II) be.

28 May 2019 Glenhove Conference Centre Johannesburg Fee for forum is R1800/p. To book seat/s, visit https://qkt.io/MG-Cannabis or email TJ on [email protected], call 11 250 7300 for queries or group discount 14 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 Cabinet report cards

NOSIVIWE fi cult to accurately gauge Pandor’s MAPISA-NQAKULA progress. It is troubling that we had Minister of Defence and to say almost the exact same thing Military Veterans this time last year about Sisulu, who 2018 Grade: D ultimately spent only 15 months in 2019 Grade: C the job. Consistent foreign policy Despite a dwindling budget and the requires consistent leadership. threat that this holds for the mili- But Pandor has already made her tary’s ability to do its job, the South mark in some respects, despite her African National Defence Force is self-confessed lack of experience in guilty of gross fi nancial mismanage- the diplomatic arena. ment for a second fi nancial year in “I had, on occasion, confessed to a row. [Zimbabwe’s then] president Robert In his 2018-2019 annual report, Mugabe that I have no diplomatic auditor general Thembekile skills whatsoever. I used to tell Makwetu found that the depart- him I’m very bad at protocol mat- ment, led by tough-talking Minister ters. I’ve promised President Cyril Nosiviwe Mapisa-Nqakula, clocked Ramaphosa that I am going to learn SENZO MCHUNU up R5.13-billion in irregular and I’m illustrating to you that this Minister of Public Service and expenditure. is my beginning,” she said in her fi rst Administration The department has address to the department. 2018 Grade: n/a been abysmal when it Department officials say she is 2019 Grade: C comes to recording its C much more hands-on than either The most pressing item on Mchunu’s irregular expenditures Sisulu or Sisulu’s predecessor, Maite agenda is the enormous public sector in the notes to the fi- Nkoana-Mashabane, and takes an wage bill, particularly given the coun- nancial statements, as required by active interest in the information try’s ailing economy. the Public Finance Management presented to her. The department is Act. Senior officials, unused to being charged with help- Makwetu noted in his report that questioned, are having to prepare ing other government C he was unable to determine the much more thoroughly for briefi ngs. departments to func- full extent of the irregular expendi- “08:30 means 08:30,” she told staff . tion better, by formulating ture. This mismanagement is a “I believe in competence, I believe in and implementing systems that will problem because the department hard work.” ensure better service delivery. has rising military personnel costs, Pandor has also made it known in But slashing the wage bill is a divi- thanks to troops on peacekeeping the diplomatic community that she sive task to take on, and one which missions on the continent, particu- intends to “professionalise” ambas- Mchunu’s predecessor, Ayanda larly in the Democratic Republic of sadorial postings, drawing more Dlodlo, forged ahead with — some- Congo. NALEDI PANDOR facing Pandor, who assumed control ambassadors from the department. times to her detriment.On this front, Mapisa-Nqakula has raised con- Department of International of the department of international This is presumably to avoid scan- Mchunu has perhaps been less bra- cerns about the declining budget, Relations and Co-operation relations and co-operation in May. dals such as the one that has envel- zen in his approach, reiterating that which is R50-billion for this fi nan- 2018 Grade: n/a She inherited a ministry that oped the ambassador to the UN in a plan to essentially force public serv- cial year. 2019 Grade: B has been demoralised by several Geneva, Nozipho Mxakato-Diseko, ants into early retirement is not on By all accounts, this isn’t enough Former president Thabo Mbeki, major foreign policy failures, most who has been accused of bullying the cards. to have a properly functioning without question South Africa’s significantly the bruising battle to staff at that embassy. This is a fact that has enamoured armed service, particularly regard- most internationally-oriented presi- install Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma These internal reforms are yet to him to labour, but risks alienating a ing military equipment. dent, gave a speech about the as chairperson of the African manifest publicly. The country’s constituency that is feeling the bite of “We are forced to adopt a short- state of South Africa’s for- Union Commission in 2012, most signifi cant foreign policy foray the country’s near-junk status. term view with an increasingly con- eign policy in November this B which irreparably dented South this year has been its appointment The treasury has identifi ed a neces- strained value proposition to South year. He spoke to a high- Africa’s continental standing. as a non-permanent member of the sary cut of about R150-billion to the Africa and its people. profile audience of diplo- Then there was the humili- UN Security Council. But critics have public wage bill, which accounts for “Because of the severity of the mats and policymakers, and he ating episode late last year when said that South Africa has not clearly about 35% of the national budget. budget cuts, we have become a fund- was not kind. On an array of issues South Africa’s ambassador to the articulated its priorities for its two- But Mchunu’s critics have said he is ing-driven defence force instead of a — violence in the Sahel region, eth- United Nations went rogue and year term, and has yet to have any nowhere near to presenting promis- mandate-driven force,” said Mapisa- nic tensions in Ethiopia, the civil voted to abstain from condemn- real eff ect. ing proposals to do this. According Nqakula in her department’s annual war in South Sudan, the United ing human rights abuses in Burma. This became especially apparent to the department’s performance report. States-China trade war, the rise of (This was later reversed by a furious in October, during South Africa’s plan, it has embarked on a project to The minister should focus on the Europe’s far right, civil unrest in Lindiwe Sisulu, Pandor’s immediate month as security council chair. The reconfi gure the executive and depart- things she can directly control, such Latin America, US President Donald predecessor). position gives the occupant a chance ments. Mchunu’s detractors argue as the irregular expenditure. Trump — Mbeki accused South Having been in the job to highlight their priorities, but two that this plan does not go far enough. Essentially, the armed forces are Africa of failing to articulate for less than a South African initiatives went down The department has also been unable to do the job that they have a clear and consistent for- year, it is dif- badly. accused of poor performance, par- been set. South Africa spends less, eign policy. Resistance from the US and Russia ticularly in relation to the Public as a percentage of the national “What does our forced the watering down of a reso- Service Commission (PSC), which is budget, than its peers and neigh- country think about lution on gender, peace and security, mandated to assess the performance bouring states. that? What are while the African Union’s (AU’s) of the public service. This is despite an ocean that needs we doing about Peace and Security Council declined The auditor general flagged vari- to be guarded. it? I’m saying I to approve the tabling of an initiative ous areas of noncompliance. These Mapisa-Nqakula is also battling don’t know if on AU funding. included the management of pro- her generals. Commanders, led by we’ve got any Pandor faced a major challenge in curement and contracts, the inad- General Solly Shoke, went as far as policy about the wake of the increased xenopho- equate quality of its fi nancial state- producing a 29-page position paper matters of that bic violence in September, which ments and the poor prevention of asking for government to allow kind,” he said. caused tensions with other African unauthorised, irregular and fruitless them to look after their own purse The audience governments, especially Nigeria. and wasteful expenditure. strings. applauded in She did not pass this test with fl ying At the presentation of the PSC’s Essentially, they wanted to free agreement colours. audit outcomes in October, members the defence department from having (and everyone In a meeting with representatives of Parliament’s portfolio committee to follow procurement processes. was too polite of migrants in South Africa, Pandor on public service and administration They were stopped in their tracks to point out the did not apologise, and she tried to grilled Mchunu about the depart- after the treasury and President obvious irony: downplay the problem, criticising ment’s apparent failure to implement Cyril Ramaphosa declined to enter- that it was Mbeki other African countries who failed the entity’s recommendations on dis- tain such an absurd proposal. himself who pio- to provide for their citizens. In sepa- ciplinary cases. This fight is central to Mapisa- neered South rate comments, she blamed “the Mchunu said recommendations Nqakula’s struggle to take control Africa’s infamous media” for depicting South Africa as had been ignored because the PSC’s over her department, and over the policy of ‘quiet xenophobic. fi ndings are not necessarily binding. generals . diplomacy’). Next year, President Cyril He added that this gap in the com- The minister has, however, dealt This lack of clar- Ramaphosa is due to chair the mission’s powers needs to be closed. decisively with sexual abuse in ity is one of several AU. From an international Mchunu has shown great resilience the armed forces by instituting an challenges relations perspective, in holding his colleagues in Cabinet inquiry. this could be among the to account, showing that the respon- Its findings revealed systemic defining moments of sibility to trim the wage bill cannot abuse, and little in the way of con- his presidency — and rest on the lower rungs of public serv- sequences. This is not acceptable Pandor will play a ants alone. when the armed forces exist in part vital role in determin- Last month, he said that the revised to protect citizens, both here and on ing whether South ministerial handbook will be changed peacekeeping missions. Africa is able to to slash some of the perks and advance its foreign benefi ts enjoyed by members of the policy priorities on Cabinet, premiers and MECs. These the continental changes would see ministers fl y only Cabinet minister stage. If anyone in economy class on domestic fl ights, illustrations by can figure out their vehicle allowances being capped Carlos Amato what those priori- at R700 000, no allowance for security ties are. upgrades and limitations on domestic staff at their offi cial residences. Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 15 News

GWEDE MANTASHE opportunity to immediately address and certain teacher unions believed Minister of Mineral Resources our energy crisis, by opening a new that after 10 years the department and Energy bid window for renewables,” he said. needed someone new to steer it. 2018 Grade: D+ Mantashe’s mandate is huge, and If you were to ask Motshekga why 2019 Grade: E crucial. The economy was built on she is still basic education minister, In the 2019 Cabinet yearbook, top of the mineral complex. That she would probably tell you: “I go Mantashe will most definitely be industry operates amid uncertainty, where the organisation sends me.” voted the minister most likely to and politically-connected companies In her budget vote in July, embarrass. Like Spud, the fi ctional continue to mine and pollute with Motshekga acknowledged there “are character in John van de Ruit’s book impunity. numerous concerns” in the sector. of the same name, Mantashe’s tenure Without power, there is no econ- Some of these were revealed in ever since he was fi rst appointed a omy. As we write this report card, the Progress International Literacy year ago has been charac- the electricity is off. Eskom might Study released in 2017, which found terised by making the not fall under Mantashe’s mandate that 78% of learners in grade 4 can- news for all the wrong (that’s Pravin Gordhan’s problem), not read for meaning and, shock- reasons. E but policy certainty and new energy ingly, South Africa came last in read- From making the sources do. ing out of 50 countries. headlines over a love tri- The minister needs to start work- So it was encouraging to hear angle involving a younger woman ing with others, such as the public the department had embarked and a fellow Cabinet minister, allega- enterprises department, and fi x his on the Primary School Reading tions of impropriety and gratifi cation super-department. Improvement Programme, which and fl awed appointments to boards Motshekga announced during her of state-owned entities to promoting ANGIE MOTSHEKGA budget vote. The efforts invested a non-existent mineral (hazenile) at Minister of Basic Education in reading will hopefully realise an international mining conference, 2018 Grade: C President Cyril Ramaphosa’s objec- where he was supposed to sell the 2019 Grade: D tive, as announced in his State of prospects of mining in South Africa, Motshekga said in an interview the Nation speech, that in the next Mantashe’s first year as an elected with the Mail & Guardian decade every 10-year-old must be minister has been a disaster. last year that she believed D able to read for meaning. It would be funny if the portfolio the sector was ready to There have, however, been he is looking after wasn’t so seriously embrace someone with “fresh stubborn issues that Motshekga tied to the country’s bid to claw its admitted the stocks were sold and investment that could kick-start the ideas”. She had already served has failed to resolve, particularly the way back from “nine wasted years”. not rotated. Subsequent investiga- economy. two terms in the portfolio. But provision of adequate school infra- In fairness to him, Mantashe is pre- tions revealed that senior civil serv- The mining industry has raised Motshekga was kept on for a third structure in rural areas. This requires siding over a new super-department, ants were paid to sell the stocks for issues with clauses about empow- term in the sixth administration. Motshekga to take bold steps. The which brought together two depart- a song. There has been little action to erment and renewals of mining The department does indeed need provision of infrastructure in schools ments that are in a mess from politi- hold them to account. Litigation, by licences. It claims to have been in dis- fresh ideas. Some in her department is outside of her competence and lies cal and administrative perspectives. the Central Energy Fund, to reverse cussions with the ministry since the in provinces. But Motshekga must Much of this is down to legacy issues. the deal is moving at a snail’s pace. charter was unveiled in September use her powers as the national min- In the first quarter of this year, This is why, when the crude oil price last year. ister of basic education and imple- mining production declined by 3.5%. changes, South Africa doesn’t have Instead of responding, ment policies that will ensure that In energy, the country has seen a a buff er and so consumers feel the Mantashe cites the country’s provinces are held accountable for year of rolling power outages. pain. improved rankings on the failing to provide adequate infra- Mantashe walked into an energy PetroSA will run out of feedstock Fraser Institute’s annual structure in schools. department that completed only 32% for its Mossel Bay refi nery sometime survey of mining com- Advocacy group Equal of its performance targets, yet spent next year, and the country seems to panies as proof of his Education, which took her to 98% of its budget. have committed itself to oil explo- good work. Business court to force her to sign the But, where he can make change, ration in South Sudan in a R15- Day quoted him as norms and standards for school the minister has dallied. There is a billion deal with no openness, or oil. saying: “On policy infrastructure regulations six great deal outstanding on the policy PetroSA is also technically insolvent. and regulatory years ago, has started a count- front, where Mantashe could provide The Nuclear Energy Council of certainty, we have down to the legally bind- certainty to both investors and resi- South Africa and the Central Energy jumped 25 spots — from ing 2020 deadline for the dents. The national gas infrastruc- Fund, two critical structures that fall 81 to 56 — in one year. norms and standards when ture plan and the National Energy under Mantashe’s purview, are also When it comes to invest- all schools in the coun- Regulator Amendment Bill are two in a mess and there appears to be no ment attractiveness we have try should, among other crucial examples. real plan to turn them around. jumped fi ve spaces — from 48 things, have sufficient The latter would start to answer Mantashe’s decades in political to 43 in one year.” classrooms, electricity and questions about Eskom’s unbun- leadership before getting to Cabinet The Democratic Alliance’s water. dling, the introduction of private have created a political ideologue spokesperson for mineral It may well be that suppliers of electricity, what is hap- who is struggling to come to terms resources and energy, Kevin Motshekga is making pening with the Grand Inga hydro- with the complexities of governance. Mileham, believes the inaction strides in other areas to fi x or power project in the Democratic His new position requires that is critical. strengthen basic education, Republic of the Congo, and the tar- pragmatism sometimes trumps ide- “In this regard, the pass- but if she continuously fails to gets on clean energy production. ology. These are skills that he has not ing of Deputy Minister ensure that all schools have safe As a mark of how bad things are shown. [Bavelile] Hlongwa leaves infrastructure, all of the good she in the department, the country still He adopted a hard-nosed approach a big hole, as she brought is doing will be overshadowed by does not have even one litre of stra- to his department’s impasse with the technical expertise to news of children dying after falling tegic oil, after 10-million barrels were Minerals Council over the mining the [energy] portfo- into pit latrines or special needs sold off in a corruption-riddled deal charter, and the department’s deci- lio. The minister has children in Limpopo having to in 2015 under then energy minister sion to delay opening a new round promulgated the IRP go to school in shacks. She has Tina Joemat-Pettersson. It has been of bidding to provide renew- [Integrated Resource been given another fi ve years three years since her replacement, able energy — when uncertainty of Plan], to his credit, but to redeem herself. She Mmamoloko Kubayi-Ngubane, energy is a key factor holding back missed a significant must use it wisely.

NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE Implications, challenges and future 25 August 2020, Glenhove Conference Centre, Johannesburg

Hear from: Dr Anban Pillay, Deputy Director General, SA National Health Insurance, SA National Department of Health Dr Bandile Masuku, MEC for Health, Gauteng Dr Stan Moloabi, Chief Operations Officer, Government Employees Medical Scheme (GEMS) Henru Krüger, Chief Operations Officer, Alliance of South African Independent Practitioners Association (ASAIPA) Dr Katlego Mothudi, Managing Director, Board of Healthcare Funders of Southern Africa (BHF) Dr Sipho Kabane, Chief Executive and Registrar, Council for Medical Schemes(CMS) Jeremy Yatt, Chief Executive Officer and Principal Officer, Fedhealth Mpiyakhe Dhlamini, Researcher and Data Scientist, Free Market Foundation Frans Landman, Vice-Chair, Pharmaceutical Society of South Africa (PSSA) Quinton Zunga, Chief Executive Officer, RH Bophelo Russell Rensburg, Director, Rural Health Advocacy Project (RHAP) Dr Vusumuzi Nhlapho, HOD: Private Practice, South African Medical Association (SAMA) Sasha Stevenson, Head of Health, Section27 Prof Sam Mokgokong, Steve Biko Hospital Prof Jannie Hugo, Head of the Department of Family Medicine, University of Pretoria

The fee for attending is R3800/p but group discount will be extended. For queries and booking, email TJ on [email protected] or call 011 2507300 or visit https://qkt.io/MG-NHI-2019 to book online. 16 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 Cabinet report cards

AARON MOTSOALEDI Minister of Home Aff airs 2018 Grade: n/a 2019 Grade: D Motsoaledi has inherited a depart- ment known for its ill-treatment and laissez-faire attitude towards the rights of immigrants. Chapter 9 institutions and non-governmental groups have had to continually fi ght the department to get it to better discharge its mandate. In his fi rst six months D in offi ce, Motsoaledi has done nothing to turn that around. Rather, he has stoked the fl ames of anti-immigrant senti- ment — and come across as being straight-up xenophobic. Motsoaledi’s latent xenophobia- lite did not start in his job as home affairs minister. In his last job, as health minister, he bemoaned the burden of foreigners on the public healthcare system. His utterances earned him a rebuke from outgoing deputy public protector Kevin Malunga, who called his statements “desperate” and berated him for scapegoating for- eigners when the health department failed to look at its own systemic recent years. These range from tech- ernance division received an audit failures. nological advancements so things disclaimer. Motsoaledi is in the portfolio that are processed faster, to getting major The provinces and municipali- is meant to oversee the status of citi- banking institutions to issue identity ties she oversees are also in a dire zens and migrants to South Africa. documents and passports. state. Crucial infrastructure is gen- His absence during recent refugee The waiting time for documents erally not maintained. Corruption JACKSON MTHEMBU ment’s monitoring and evaluation crises outside the United Nations has been reduced to a few weeks, if taints many contracts and tenders, Minister in the Presidency department, it is his job to make sure High Commissioner for Refugees not days. That’s ample evidence that sometimes resulting in infrastruc- 2018 Grade: n/a departments are meeting the needs offices in Cape Town and Pretoria the system can work efficiently, if ture not being provided. In metro- 2019 Grade: C of citizens through service delivery. gave the impression that this gov- there is a will for it to do so. These politan municipalities, contestation As chief whip of the ANC in With dozens of municipalities on ernment wasn’t willing to tackle that advancements also predate the new for power often results in decisions Parliament, and an ardent sup- the brink of collapse as a result of problem. minister. being deferred, or plans are shelved porter of Cyril Ramaphosa’s failing infrastructure, citizens not His truancy is part of a deeply Despite the advancement at home mid-implementation. In smaller, bid for the party’s presidency, paying for services, and result- entrenched rot in his department affairs centres, maybe Motsoaledi defaulting municipalities, Dlamini- Mthembu was always going C ant threats of disconnection by when it comes to migrant issues. needs to do some constitutional revi- Zuma has a tough job of trying to get to be rewarded with a plum Eskom or local water boards, Extensive corruption means those sion. The preamble of the supreme them to pay their outstanding bills Cabinet position. there has been little word on how with money can buy their way into law says: “South Africa belongs to all to Eskom and water boards. As minister in the presidency, he Mthembu is bringing together the South Africa. But those who want to who live in it”, not only people with Opposition parties say the min- is Ramaphosa’s eyes and ears in the departments of co-operative govern- follow a legal route, either through South African identity documents. ister has not dealt decisively with administration, as well as the public ance, public enterprises, and water immigration or by seeking asylum, How this country treats foreigners problems such as these, squandering face of the Ramaphosa government. and sanitation to find solutions to are subjected to the snail-slow pace is a shame that echoes around the precious time. She has, for example, In the latter part of the job, these problems. of issuing documents. This is a xen- world. Responsibility for changing been criticised for not setting up a Mthembu has decided to adopt a This is a critical failing. Although ophobic bureaucracy. It is hateful that starts at the top. task team to deal with the munici- more open style of communication departments in the presidency towards people from countries that pal billing crisis. Her stock response than his predecessors. occupy a grey area, they should be helped South Africa get its freedom, NKOSAZANA during parliamentary question time He is also the offi cial spokesperson providing vision for other parts of and towards skilled migrants. DLAMINI-ZUMA is that it is up to the provincial and for the Cabinet. His interactions with government. That’s the only way that Where home affairs has done an Minister of Co-operative local government departments to the media have been fruitful and big problems — such as water excellent job has been when deal- Governance and Traditional intervene. forthcoming. He answers with clarity scarcity and gender- ing with citizens. To Aff airs That is all well and good, but what and gives explanations during post- based violence that end, there has 2018 Grade: n/a happens if provincial governments Cabinet media briefi ngs, sometimes — will be been a wholesale 2019 Grade: C - are also dysfunctional, as in the even if particular issues were not dis- tackled. improvement of If Dlamini-Zuma had it her way, North West and the Free State? cussed in Cabinet meetings. services at its she would be president and not a Deferring decisions is a problem His job is to tout the government centres in Cabinet minister. when entities that are owed money line of the day. A veteran in government say they are going to disconnect ser- Mthembu has also been the public since 1994, Dlamini-Zuma vices. Dlamini-Zuma did not create face of Ramaphosa’s response to is respected as a capable these problems, but there appears to several key issues in the country. C- technocrat who likes to get be little clarity, coherence and sense After a flurry of protests things done. of urgency in how her department against gender-based violence, As health minister from works. it was Mthembu who had 1994 to 1999, she oversaw the over- She may also be hamstrung by the to answer for government haul of the public health sector, from political considerations of the ANC. and say what it was doing, a system that benefi ted only a few If she stands with municipali- and where it was failing. to one catering for the majority of ties in their plea with Eskom and He also had to make sure South Africans. (It’s now on life sup- water boards not to cut services, she that his boss was on pub- port, but still, it’s breathing.) could further entrench a culture of lic platforms denounc- She then became the country’s non-payment that her government ing violence and giving chief diplomat for a decade, serv- colleagues, especially in the public the state’s position on ing as the minister of foreign aff airs enterprises and water departments, protecting women and under former president Thabo are trying to overcome. children, and punishing Mbeki. If she sides with the state-owned criminals. But her greatest achievement utility companies and services are In August, Mthembu was possibly the turnaround of the cut, it could spell bad news for her stepped in and convened home affairs department, where political party in the municipal elec- a meeting between a gov- she was minister from 2009 to 2012. tions in 2021. ernment agency, the Media From an ineffi cient bureaucracy to Local government experts say an Development and Diversity a relatively well-run organisation interventionist strategy of putting Agency, and small media outlets. (for locals at least), Dlamini-Zuma troubled municipalities and prov- The hyper-local media outfi ts com- tightened accounting controls and inces under administration is not an plained that they were not receiving implemented systems to fast track answer. A starting point, they say, government grants. This would the issuing of documents. would be in Dlamini-Zuma imple- see radio stations and newspa- That task might now seem rela- menting an early warning system so pers closed. tively simple compared with her cur- her department knows when things Mthembu stressed the rent portfolio. in provinces and municipalities are government’s commitment In the co-operative governance going wrong. to media freedom and the and traditional affairs minis- Her task is herculean. It might diversity of voices in the try, Dlamini-Zuma inherited not even be possible, given the near media landscape. a department in the grips of collapse of many local government But Mthembu and his financial mismanagement. entities and endemic corruption. department have work to In the 2017-2018 financial But this is her job and she has to act do. As head of the govern- year, the co-operative gov- decisively. Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 17 News

TITO MBOWENI Minister of Finance 2018 Grade: n/a 2019 Grade: C A year ago, Mboweni posted an image of a sieve on Twitter. Just an empty sieve and no accompanying text to provide context. Was he about to share a culinary secret, one which needed a sieve to drain a tin of one of his favourite ingredients, Lucky Star pilchards? A colleague wondered if he’d gone nuts, but in C time the context became clear. Mboweni was bemoaning the fact that our state enterprises seem to think that public money should be endlessly poured into them even though they are as fi nancially sound as a sieve. We have had fewer recipes from Mboweni and he’s made quite the production out of the decision to discontinue his Twitter presence. At 2am, before he was to table the medium-term policy budget state- ment (MTBPS), he tweeted that he had come to “the conclusion that Twitter is no longer about its original purpose: ie, to create a net- worked society. It is now an abusive platform.” The country was in for a shock the next day; the MTBPS showed how alarmingly quickly our fiscal position was unravelling. Without interventions, public debt would balloon within just three years from R3-trillion to R4.5-trillion. It would have been useful to know what meas- ures government had put in place to fi x the problem, but the MTBPS was a work in progress, a to-do list rather than an implementable action plan. Mboweni is not a team player. He is a maverick. He chooses irreverence over conformity. He is certainly not a chorister. His press conference in the budget lock-up ahead of delivering the February budget had Mboweni in the starring role, his presentation all over the place as he entertained and talked to the journalists who’d using his time to communicate the national debt and bring it down, and His plan invited comment, but had national executive committee, emerg- come to assess the economic state gravity of the situation. he has not being doing this,” Hill- not been circulated within the ruling ing with most of the mooted reforms of the nation. The contrast between But his opposition equivalent, the Lewis says. alliance structures, provoking howls in place. While it had been labelled as the minister — “governor number Democratic Alliance’s Geordian Hill- Analyst Ralph Mathekga sees Mbo- of protest, especially on procedure, neoliberal by the left, it was the job of eight and governor number 10” in his Lewis, says the fi nance minister has weni’s political isolation to define but also on content. ANC secretary general and resident description — and Lesetja Kganyago, a clear idea of how serious our fi scal the treasury under his leadership, Some specific revisions — scrap- don, Ace Magashule, to read some the governor of the South African position is and of what needs to be saying it is a stress test for politi- ping the minimum wage, then just of its content after signing off on it, Reserve Bank, who was seated along- done. “He has not shied away from cal confi guration. “If you cannot get 10 months old, and doing away with sprouting the supposed neoliberal- side him, couldn’t have been starker. this, so kudos to him for this,” he says. treasury right, this is a symptom of the extension of wage agreements ism with the fervour of an acolyte. Kganyago, who appeared to be But Hill-Lewis says — as is well- an administration which is not politi- through the industrial council system Mboweni’s reform document, with climbing up the wall in exasperation known — the fiscal position has cally coherent. Poor thing, he is a lone to non-parties — were always going input from more than 700 respond- at Mboweni’s wandering perambu- become much worse on Mboweni’s ranger.” to run into serious headwind from ents, was published in October at the lation, in a few sharp points quickly watch, on key metrics such as the Mboweni did look like a lone unions (Big Labour, as Mboweni same time as the MTBPS, so it is too articulated the seriousness of the debt-to-gross domestic product ratio. ranger when, out of the blue from the called them) and perhaps were early to say what effect it is having situation and where the fi x lay — with The minister is operating in a con- perspective of the ruling alliance, in included as negotiating fodder to be and whether the reforms are being government which was responsible strained political environment, but late August he tabled his economic withdrawn while the rest of the plan implemented by the relevant depart- for policy-making. it is he who presents the budget and transformation document, which remained more or less intact. ments, but we can get an overall take Mboweni seemed detached, mak- has to take responsibility for it. set out reforms aimed at injecting The plan went through various rel- on how the Ramaphoria reform pro- ing light of the serious, rather than “He has one job, to stabilise the growth into a moribund economy. evant structures, including the ANC’s ject, as it has been dubbed, is going.

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LINDIWE ZULU fi ed audit. The department regressed tions. Last month the high court in Minister of Social from an unqualified opinion with Pretoria gave Zulu two years to come Development fi ndings to a qualifi ed opinion. up with a new system, that would 2018 Grade: n/a Wasteful expenditure increased resolve the review problem. 2019 Grade: D from R2-million in 2017-2018 to R78- Key causes of poor performance The new minister inherited a depart- million in 2018-2019, the bulk of in the department and its entities, ment plagued by ongoing social which was incurred by Sassa paying identified by the auditor general, grants payment problems and contractors for services that were include inadequate oversight and an administration that has not delivered. ineffective leadership by manage- battled to secure clean audits Irregular expenditure ment, a failure to follow policies since 2016. D decreased from R517-million and procedures and no consequence Zulu, the former small busi- to R180-million, with the bulk management for bad performance ness minister, has been rela- again incurred by Sassa as a result by employees. tively anonymous during her seven of unapproved contract extensions. months in her new post, despite the Foster care grants are a major BHEKI CELE ministry being responsible for pro- problem area. About 128 000 foster Minister of Police viding grants to 17-million South care orders, which are issued for 2018 Grade: D Africans and taking the second larg- two years, have lapsed because they 2019 Grade: D est slice of the national budget. were not reviewed in time and so the Cele was appointed police minister The responsibility of paying grants grant payment falls away. in February 2018 and his was last year shifted to the South The department is also failing to fi rst term ended well with African Post Offi ce after the contract clear new foster care applications. a string of high-profile D with Cash Paymaster Services (CPS) This has resulted in a drop of 60 000 arrests in cases dealing was cancelled. But the move has not children receiving grants between with political murders in been without problems. 2016 and 2018, a matter of huge con- KwaZulu-Natal. When 80% of the CPS payout cern to civil society organisa- Coming on the back of progress points were closed recipients col- in cleaning out the South African lected their grants from post offi ces, Police Service’s top management, banks and retailers. The closures the arrests pointed to progress in have had a “devastating” rebuilding the capacity — and the eff ect on social grant ben- political will — of the police ser- eficiaries, particularly vice to do its job. in rural areas, because But the unravelling of a the number of pay- number of cases, wors- out points has been ening crime statistics reduced to only and chaotic internal 20% of the previ- financial controls did ous number, which not give Cele’s second means people have term, which began to travel long dis- when President in the service also appears to be policing board, which would have tances to get them, Cyril Ramaphosa re- at an all-time high. The 2019 assisted in strengthening both queues are long and appointed him in June, Analysis of Corruption Trends capacity and oversight. recipients become a spectacular start. Report identifi ed, for the fi rst time, Burger said Cele had moved away targets of crimi- The 2018-2019 police the police service as the most cor- from the “laager mentality” of nals, according to crime statistics released rupt sector of the public service, Mthethwa and Nhleko and had been a report released in September show a outstripping education, health and actively working with civil society in October by the 3.4% increase in the local government. since February last year. University of the murder rate and a In his defence, Cele has had to Although Cele had been strong on Western Cape 4.6% increase in sexual deal with enormous problems, given announcing his successes, includ- and Black Sash. offences, while the the erosion of policing capabil- ing the pre-election arrests, he had The department total number of crimes, ity and capacity, which took place failed in terms of follow-up. Other and its entities — determined as a result of under his predecessors, in particu- key failures had been allocating suf- the South African police action, declined by lar Nkosinathi Nhleko and Nathi fi cient resources to forensic services Social Services 21.8%. Mthethwa, both of whom served as and a general inability of the pro- Agency (Sassa) Irregular expenditure in police minister under former presi- curement section to deal with logis- and the National the police service increased dent Jacob Zuma. tics eff ectively. Development Agency from R33-million in 2017- Johan Burger, a senior researcher Internal controls over firearms (NDA) — received 2018 fi nancial year to R996- at the Institute for Security Studies, and ammunition continue to qualified audit opin- million for 2018-2019. That’s said Cele had inherited a hugely dys- be poor, with big losses of both ions from 2014 to 2018. an increase of functional ministry that had been reported to Parliament this year. Little changed this year, with almost 3 000%. “severely damaged” under Zuma’s New appointments to the Hawks the auditor general giving Sassa Corruption presidency. and Crime Intelligence, where an unqualifi ed opinion with “The leadership of the police ser- General Peter Jacobs has now taken findings and the vice had become particularly com- over, are steps in the right direction. NDA a quali- promised. Fixing those challenges But the erosion of skilled person- was always going to be extremely nel in both areas means that swift diffi cult. results from either are unlikely for “He is still struggling with leader- some time. ship diffi culties,” Burger said. Cele has an incredibly tough Cele appears to have ignored job ahead of him, but he took the recommendations in the National role and has to deliver. People will Development Plan, including the continue to die and be sexually creation of an independent national assaulted if he doesn’t.

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STELLA though she has been accused by some tives said the minister was tread- NDABENI-ABRAHAMS of still wielding too much political ing dangerously close to the realm Minister of Communications infl uence. of putting undue political infl uence 2018 Grade: C The public broadcaster received a on the communications regulator, 2019 Grade: D R3.2-billion bailout from the govern- the Independent Communications Ndabeni-Abrahams is one of ment. This shot in the arm helped the Authority of South Africa. the youngest members of Cyril SABC to avoid the retrenchment of In early December the Competition Ramaphosa’s Cabinet. With her ten- staff , for now. Commission ordered MTN and der age of 41 comes the exuberance In February she was accused of cen- Vodacom to slash their data costs by many of her colleagues lack. soring an SABC TV crew from fi lming up to 50%, a move that will put them As minister of communications she at an ANC rally in the Eastern Cape. under fi nancial pressure. is responsible for the depart- She later apologised. Ndabeni-Abrahams attended the ment of communications “I would like to offer my sincere announcement and endorsed the and digital technologies, D apology for an earlier altercation commission’s fi nding. which is a merger of the with some members of the media All in all the minister gets an A for department of communi- during the ANC provincial rally in eff ort — but a D for actual delivery. cations and the department Mount Frere, while trying to stop of telecommunications and postal the singing comrades,” she said. “I NATHI MTHETHWA services. wish to assure the media and South Minister of Sports, Arts and Her appointment was warmly wel- Africans at large of my unreserved Culture comed by players in the telecoms and commitment to media freedom. I sin- Grade 2018: C- information and communications cerely regret the incident.” Grade 2019: D technology sector, and a position Ndabeni-Abrahams has been Unlike his other Cabinet cohort that Ndabeni-Abrahams has taken on lauded by many in the public domain Mr Razzmatazz (Fikile Mbalula, a with gusto. for her support of the #DataMustFall former minister of sports and rec- Under her portfolio falls the 2019 movement to bring down the cost of reation), Mthethwa has a buzzword “fourth industrial revolu- mobile internet data. mild-mannered Twitter tion” (4IR). But some opposition parties and persona and sends D The minister has surely been dress- telecomms industry representa- tweets of congratulations ing the part in her 4IR suits, but she and of sorrow, which may not be communicating the has earned him the title of message to some of her col- “minister of condolences”. But, as and former president Jacob Zuma minister has acknowledged the leagues in government about much as his social media platitudes reportedly being promised several need to off er a better framework for the constantly changing make us feel we have an omnisci- million to produce a music album. aspiring women to develop as ath- digital global economy. ent tracker of national concern and And while benevolence was being letes. Specifi cally, this includes the Deputy President David excellence, this is becoming some- bestowed on events such as the transformation of the South African Mabuza stuttered his thing of an isolated area of distinc- Indoni Cultural Awards, the depart- Football Association (Safa) Women’s way through a par- tion for the minister. ment was increasingly unable to League into a professional competi- liamentary question Mthethwa presides over a depart- support infrastructure projects, cit- tion. Mthethwa has called for greater about the 4IR. And ment that is experiencing shrinkage ing a lack of capacity to direct and buy-in from corporates to make this if her colleagues in terms of met targets, questionable monitor. This is concerning, espe- a reality. can’t explain disbursements of grant funding that cially given the minister having One intervention for which he what the 4IR is, it does not see the department’s lar- stated that he considered symbolic does deserve credit is his effort in means many, if gesse evenly distributed among all projects such as renaming roads and stepping into the SABC’s Premier not most South provinces and a decline in the con- cultural centres to be central to the Soccer League dispute. The broad- Africans don’t tribution of the arts to the economy project of social cohesion. caster had reached an impasse with know the differ- through, for example, job creation. The minister’s grip and infl uence Multichoice over the right to screen ence between When the department presented on issues of national importance, the league’s games, which meant blockchain and its annual performance plan to the such as those arising out of two that viewers without DStv would be lego blocks. portfolio committee on sports, art interrelated Bills — the Performers deprived of watching the nation’s During her and culture in July, much was made Protection Amendment Bill and the most beloved sport. Mthethwa, own parliamen- of the slide in contribution to gross Copyright Amendment Bill — seems, along with Communications tary question time domestic product, which has shrunk again, symbolic at best with no deci- Minister Stella Ndabeni-Abrahams, Ndabeni-Abrahams by almost half from 2.9% in 2015 to sive support for writers, actors and was able to bring everyone to the has answered knowl- 1.7% in the past fi nancial year. other cultural workers. table and a resolution was reached, edgeably and suc- Furthermore, the department At the other end of the aisle, ensuring games will be shown to the cinctly on the role that has been at the centre of scandals Mthethwa has cautiously dipped broader public. digital skills develop- relating to the uneven distribu- into his new mandate of sport after If that saga demonstrated the ment can help to grow the tion of grant funding, with President Cyril Ramaphosa merged reach of his power, then his run- economy and boost job crea- suggestions in newspaper the two departments in May. in with the South African Football tion as part of Ramaphosa’s reports that funds coming His budget, at least, indicates that Association (Safa) exposed its limits. fi nancial turnaround plan. through the Mzansi he won’t be shaking things up right Mthethwa made it clear during his The president put the minister Golden Economy away. Of the R1.154-billion allo- budget speech that he intended to in charge of the Presidential 4IR programme were cated to sport and recreation, R744- hold a football indaba to interrogate Commission, which advises the gov- being disbursed million will go to mass participation, why international success has been ernment on policies and strategies along ethno-cul- sharing last year’s ratio of 64% of the so elusive in almost every age group, that will make South Africa a tural lines, with total, which includes school sport, men and women. But Safa and its player in the digital and artifi cial groups such development initiatives and public president, Danny Jordaan, had other intelligence-driven economy. as Ladysmith recreation projects. Mthethwa has plans, making it clear that this was At the South African Black Mambazo continued the logic of his predeces- their territory and they did not take Broadcasting Corporation, acquiring R36- sor to stress that national success kindly to interference. The indaba Ndabeni-Abrahams has million over begins at school and grassroots level. was called off . That Mthethwa was ensured some stability, three years It is also pleasing to see that the easily strong-armed is of concern.

Subscribe this December and get a 2nd free gift subscription. visit festiveoffer.mg.co.za 20 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020

The fifth installation of the annual Humanities and Social Sciences (HSS) Awards, taking place on March 12 2020, honours authors and contributors of books, Humanities creative collections, and digital contributions. The Awards – hosted by the National Institute for the Humanities and Social Sciences (NIHSS) – boasts over 100 entries in eight categories, and uplifts the work of creatives and scholars. The Awards Awards categories include fiction (edited volumes and single authored volumes), non-fiction monographs and edited volumes, musical compositions/arrangements, public performances, visual arts and digital humanities visualisations and infographics. 2020 The awards not only serve as a platform for recognition of the writers and

Educational Imagination, Long List Non-Fiction Monograph by Wayne Fynn and Sherianne Kramer, Wits Hugo, HSRC Press University Press Are You Two Sisters? a memoir, by There Goes English Teacher, by Karin We Are No Longer at Ease, by Wandile Hester Van der Walt, Modjaji Books Cronje, Modjaji Books Ngcaweni and Busani Ngcaweni, A Political Biography of Selby Msimang Voices of Liberation: Archie Mafeje, by Jacana Media Collection Principle and Pragmatism in the Bongani Nyoka, HSRC Press Whose History Counts – Decolonising Liberation Struggle, by Sibongiseni Voices of Liberation: Fatima Meer, by African Pre-colonial Historiography, Mkhize, HSRC Press Shireen Hassim, HSRC Press by June Bam, Lungisile Ntsebeza and After Dawn, by Mcebisi Jonas, Pan Voices of Resilience: A Living History Allan Zinn, African Sun MeDia Macmillan SA of the Kenneth Gardens Municipal Inspiring… Birding in South Africa’s National Housing Estate in Durban, by Monique Parks, by Rob Little, Jacana Media Marks, Kira Erwin and Tamlynn Best Fiction Single Authored Black Consciousness and Progressive Fleetwood, with a photo essay by Cedric Volume (Novel) Movements under Apartheid, by Ian Nunn, UKZN Press A Tree for the Birds, by Vernon Head, Macqueen, UKZN Press Wilder Lives: Humans and our Jacana Media Body Politics: Fingerprinting South Environments, by Duncan Brown, Called to Song, by Kharnita Mohamed, Activists, African Contemporary Dance, by UKZN Press Kwela Adrienne Sichel, Porcupine Press Writing the Ancestral River: A biogra- Illumination, Nthikeng Mohlele, Pan City of Broken Dreams, Myth-making, phy of the Kowie, by Jacklyn Cock, Wits Macmillan SA Nationalism and the University in an University Press Lacuna, Fiona Snyckers, Pan poets and African City, WTF: Capturing Zuma – A Cartoonist’s by Leslie Bank, HSRC Macmillan SA Press Tale, Jonathan Shapiro, Jacana Media Liefde in die Tyd van die Internet, by Civilising Grass: The art of the Lawn Fransi Phillips, Queillerie animals are on the South African Highveld, by Medusa, by Rudie Van Rensburg, Jonathan Cane, Wits University Press Non-Fiction Edited Volume Queillerie Confronting Apartheid: A Personal A School Where I Belong, by Roy Prooi, by Deon Meyer, Human & History of South Africa, Namibia and Hellenberg, Dylan Wra and Jonathan Rousseau explored in Palestine, Stof, by John Dugard, Jacana Jansen, Bookstorm by Alettie Van den Heever, Media Acts of Transgression – Contemporary Queillerie Cyril Ramaphosa: The Road to Live Art in South Africa, by Jay Pather The Accident, by Gail Schimmel, Pan fascinating Presidential Power, by Anthony Butler, and Catherine Boulle, Wits University Macmillan SA Helen Lunn, Jacana Media Press The Snow Sleeper, by Marlene Van Dance of the Dung Beetles: Their Role in Black Academic Voices – The South Niekerk, Human & Rousseau our Changing World, by Marcus Byrne, African Experience, by Grace Khunou, detail Wits University Press Hugo Canham, Katijah Khoza- Death and Compassion: The Elephant Shangase and Edith Dinong Phaswana, Best Fiction Edited Volume in Southern African Literature, by Dan HSRC Press Asleep, Awake, Asleep, by Jo-Ann - Anele Ngcoya Wylie, Wits University Press Conspicuous Consumption in Africa, Bekker, Modjaji Books Democracy Works, by Greg Mills, by Deborah Posel and Ilana van Wyk, Red Cotton, by Vangile Gantsho, Olusegun Obasanjo, Jeff rey Herbst and Wits University Press Impepho Press Tendai Biti, Pan Macmillan SA Equitable Rural Socioeconomic The History of Intimacy, by Gabeba Dr T: A Guide to Sexual Health & Change: Land, Climate Dynamics, Baderoon, Kwela Pleasure, by Tlaleng Mofokeng, Pan Technological Innovation, by Peter Vuvuzela Dawn, by Luke Alfred and Macmillan SA Jacobs, HSRC Press Ian Hawkey, Pan Macmillan SA Everyone is Present, by Teresa Kurgan, Hidden Voices 3: The Story of One Fourthwall Books Tells the Story of All, by Mandlenkosi Good Capitalism, Bad Capitalism: Makhoba and Petrus Tom, Jacana Best Musical Composition/ The Role of Business in South Africa, Media Arrangement by Raymond Parsons with Ali Parry, I Want to go Home Forever – Stories Liminal, by Reza Khota Jacana Media of Becoming and Belonging in South Mantombi Matotiyana: Songs of Like Family: Domestic Workers in Africa’s Great Metropolis, by Loren B Greeting, Healing and Heritage, by South African History and Literature, Landau and Tanya Pampalone, Wits Michael Blake by Ena Jansen, Wits University Press University Press There’s No Disappointment in Heaven, Parcel of Death: The Biography In a Time of Plague: Memories of the by Kgomotso Moshugi of Onkgopotse Abram Tiro, by Spanish Flu Epidemic of 1918 in South Gaongalelwe Tiro, Pan Macmillan SA Africa, by Howard Phillips, VRS Power in Action: Democracy, Neva Again: Hip Hop Art, Activism Best Public Performance Citizenship and Social Justice, by and Education in Post-Apartheid Institute for Creative Arts (ICA) Live Steven Friedman, Wits University Press South Africa, Adam Haupt, Quentin Art Festival 2018, by Jay Pather Radio Soundings: South Africa and Williams, H Samy Alim and Emile The Tree Song, by Kristina Helena the Black Modern, by Liz Gunner, Wits Jansen, HSRC Press Johnstone University Press Post-School Education and the Labour Yet to be Determined, by Gavin Krastin Real and Imagined Readers: Market in South Africa, Professor Censorship, Publishing and Reading Michael Rogan, HSRC Press under Apartheid, by Rachel Matteau Race, Nation, Translation: South Best Visual Art Matsha, UKZN Press African essays, 1990-2013, by Andrew Asymmetries Exhibition, by Nduka Sol Plaatje: A life of Solomon Tshekisho Van der Vlies, Wits University Press Mntambo Plaatje 1876–1932, by Brian Willan, South African Social Attitudes, Family Black is Blue, Oupa Sibeko Jacana Media Matters: Family Cohesion, Values Harmonia: Sacred Geometry – South Africa’s Survival Guide to and Wellbeing, by Zitha Mokomane, Patterns of Existence, by Gordon Climate Change, by Sipho Kings and Benjamin Roberts, Jarè Struwig and Froud Sarah Wild, Pan Macmillan SA Steven Gordon, HSRC Press Longing for the Old Days, by Clement Stopping the Spies: Constructing and State of the Nation: Poverty and Maenetja Resisting the Surveillance State in Inequality Diagnosis, Prognosis and Prides and Plights – the Reformation South Africa, by Jane Duncan, Wits Responses, by Crain Soudien, Vasu of Senior Women’s Struggles, by University Press Reddy and Ingrid Woolard, HSRC Daniel Rankadi Mosako The Cape Radicals: Intellectual and Press Speaking Through Walls, by Political Thought of the New Era The Climate Crisis: South African Sethembile Msezane Fellowship, 1930s-1960s, by Crain and Global Democratic Eco-Socialist Soudien, Wits University Press Alternatives, Vishwas Satgar, Wits The First Safari – Searching for University Press Best DH Visualisation Or Infographic François Levaillant, by Ian Glenn, These Are the Things that Sit with Azimutha: An Experiment of Virtual Jacana Media Us, by Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela, Reality for the Fashion Film Genre, The House of Tshatshu: Power, Politics Friederike Bubenzer and Marietjie by Nirma Dolly Madhoo and Chiefs North-West of the Great Kei Oelofsen, Jacana Media Oxford Digital Thematic Atlas series, River, by Anne Kelk Mager and Phiko Transforming Research Methods in by Elaine Williams Jeff rey Velelo, UCT Press the Social Sciences: Case Studies from The Chronicles of Sketch and Etha, by Theorising Education: A primer for the South Africa, by Sumaya Laher, Angelo Gregory Koole Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 21 contributors, but to also pay tribute to the strides made by the associated publishing houses; they also aid the creatives and academics in promoting their work. “With more than a 100 entries, we are pleased to note the phenomenal growth and interest in the number of submissions for the HSS Awards 2020. Qualifying entries for these annual HSS Awards 2020 feature 67 book entries, 18 creative collections and digital contributions,” explains Professor Sarah Mosoetsa, NIHSS chief executive. The submissions are supported by various publishing houses and associated with 15 higher education institutions. “The book submissions for the awards span a wide range of categories and they illustrate the diversity, beauty, complexities, and richness of the South African context. Most of the book entries below are a highlight of the 2020 Awards entries; they include a plethora of non-fiction literature that reflects the institutionalisation of the Southern African experience, demographic, and landscape,” says Mosoetsa.

Included in the non-fic- paints the picture of his life, The body of South African bio- tion book entries is Whose the context in which his liter- graphic literature is extended History Counts: Decolonising ary work was created, and his with an entry that tells the life African Pre-colonial lived experiences that formed story of Abram Tiro. More than Historiography, edited the background of his politi- four decades after his pass- by June Bam, Lungisile cal contributions and opin- ing, this is a portrait of South Ntsebeza, and Allan Zinn; ions. The book demonstrates Africa’s first liberation activ- it is the third volume of the his commitment to black lib- ist to be assassinated by a par- Rethinking Africa series eration by bringing to light cel bomb beyond the borders of the Centre for African Plaatje as one of the founding of the country by the apart- Studies, University of Cape members of the ANC, and his heid regime. Parcel of Death: Town. The book is a result participation in the resist- The Biography of Onkgopotse of the 2017 conference, ance to the Native Land Act Abram Tiro, recounts the little- held at the Nelson Mandela of 1913. Plaatje was also com- told life story of Tiro. His life University, which addressed mitted to language preserva- might have been short but it was and debated the perceptions tion: his work as newspaper expansive: he was an expelled and facts of the precolonial history of South Africa. editor, published writer in both English and Setswana, and student and member of the Student Representative Council The book focuses on Xhosa history; this focus is based on his translation of English creative work into his native lan- at the University of the North (now known as University of the observed absence of the Xhosa narrative in precolonial guage are evidence to this fact. Willan examines the forma- Limpopo) in 1972, and organiser of the South African Students histography, despite the prominence of the colonial land tive years of the libertarian and weaves in the struggles and Organisation, a history teacher, and a worker at a manganese wars between the Xhosa people and the British, as well as triumphs of his personal life. The portrait of Plaatje as writ- mine in his elementary schooling years. Gaongalelwe Tiro, the the education system of the time that produced noteworthy ten by Willan is drawn from extensive research in Southern author of the book, is a blood relative of Onkgopotse and writes leaders and academics. It goes beyond the facts of Xhosa African, European, and American archives and Solomon’s not only of the struggles of the freedom fi ghter’s death and the history to explore the theory of knowledge, especially with own writings. preceding events, but also of his sphere of infl uence, his politics regards to the methods, validity, scope, as well as the dis- and the formative experiences of his politics. tinction between justifi ed belief and opinion as it relates to Another libertarian portrayed in South African Xhosa history. The editors explore facets of the Awards entries is President The Climate Crisis: South African Xhosa culture that include: the past, defi nitions and nam- Cyril Ramaphosa. Whether you and Global Democratic Eco- ing, language, idioms, and knowledge retention methods know Ramaphosa as the cur- Socialist Alternatives, edited by within the indigenous knowledge system; they also explore rent President of the Republic of Vishwas Safgar, is a Southern the practical challenges associated with the decolonialising South Africa, as an active partici- African perspective on one of the of knowledge. pant in the liberation movement most pertinent global issues. It in the 1980s and early 1990s, describes the role of corporate Building on the theme of as the founding father of the organisations in accelerating the written history, the Voices of National Union of Mineworkers, crisis, as well as the shortfalls of Liberation series recognises or as one of the most success- public governance structures in the lives and written work of ful black businessmen in South introducing impactful approaches African and South African Africa, you know him as a formi- and solutions. Safgar also pro- activists and heroes dedicated dable character in the dynamics vides a commentary on the various to the liberation movement. of our country. Anthony Butler’s aspects of the capitalist approach A new addition to the series Cyril Ramaphosa: The Road to that are detrimental to the climate is dedicated to Archie Mafeje Presidential Power examines the president’s traits, accom- change conversations. This book is — whom the South African plishments and struggles. Butler looks at Ramaphosa’s form- a third volume of the Democratic Marxism series and debates History Online befittingly ative years and schooling, delves into his contributions in the eco-socialist solutions that are led by climate justice activ- describes as an “intellectual paving the road to emancipation and the mobilisation of the ists and campaigns. Safgar highlights the failings of the top- pathfinder” — who contrib- mining workforce. down approach that are demonstrated in international agendas uted much to the people of Ramaphosa’s leadership in the fi ght for the recognition of such as the Paris Climate Agreement and suggests a bottom-up Africa’s knowledge and self- mineworker’s rights is also contrasted by Butler against the systematic transition to enable sustainable living. Expressing worth. Not only was Mafeje Marikana Massacre. Butler, who is a Professor of Political the vulnerabilities of island states and low-lying countries to an infl uential academic, but he was a person of brilliance, Studies at the University of Cape Town, bases his assess- changes in the climate and the environment, the book is a prod- intellect and a man of insight. ment and portrayal of Ramaphosa’s life on numerous con- uct of both empirical and theoretical research, and it builds on The book Voices of Liberation: Archie Mafeje by Bongani versations with the president, as well as his associates and volume two of the previous series. Nyoka captures Mafeje as a pan-Africanist and cosmopolitan friends. His portrayal paints the South African political thinker and scholar, who used his worldview to place South context and landscape as the backdrop of the Ramaphosa’s Dance of the Dung Beetles: Their Africa and its narrative in the global context. His contribu- experiences. He concludes the book by forming an analysis role in our changing world tions impact how Africans understand themselves and how of the Ramaphosa’s prospects as the fi fth president of demo- explores our perception of the they engage the journey to emancipation; his contributions cratic South Africa, drawing on his observations of the cur- natural world and how societies are informed by his family and political background, as rent and past presidents, combined with an understanding engage with their environment. well as his scholarly experiences and his life in exile. Most of the country’s political framework and landscape. The book looks at the number notably, the book includes a collection of Archie’s scholarly of dung beetle species identifi ed works, which are insightful and educational. A superb entry in the fic- over the years and how these tion category is Nthikeng species have impacted socie- Among the biographical entries Mohlele’s sixth book, ties across the globe. Marcus of the Awards is the story of an Illumination, which is an Byrne — writer and Professor unsung hero. This is the story electric tale of Bantubonke’s in the School of Animal, Plant of a man who would grow up to life in Johannesburg as an art- and Environmental Science — be a political activist, qualifi ed ist. The book follows the life of together with Helen Lunn (PhD teacher, journalist, interpreter, revered trumpeter, composer, in Musicology) bring together 3 farm manager and committed and band leader Bantubonke 000 years’ worth of dung beetle emancipation activist, Henry through the heights of his history. The authors portray dung beetles as insects but also as Selby Msimang. Msimang was a music and the eventual down- remarkable creatures that have a longstanding presence in reli- founding member of the African ward spiral that comprises his gion, literature, science, the environment and as a known friend National Congress in 1912, love life as well as his music. of the elephant. and wore many hats through- The downward spiral of the out his life, which ended in main character’s life follows The 2020 HSS Awards also fea- 1982. A Political Biography of his involvement in a horrifi c ture an entry by one of South Selby Msimang: Principle and domestic gas explosion that leaves him disfi gured and his Africa’s award winning poets, Pragmatism in the Liberation music making compromised. The lives of Bantubonke and Gabeba Baderoon. Gabebas’s Struggle is the fi rst comprehensive biography of the activist’s the associated characters are marked by the lingering colours fourth poetry book, The History life and is written by Sibongiseni Mkhize. Mkhize draws on of apartheid. Mohlele’s literary tapestry and characters bring of Intimacy, is a collection of extensive unpublished sources to create a body of work that to mind the existential question of who among the charac- poems that express the hurts refl ects the social and political experiences of Selby, which ters is really living? His rendering of an artist’s multi-layered and intimacies of desire, mem- informed his view of the world and shaped his life journey. life and struggles are poignant; he draws vivid imagery of ories, and engagement with not only the hustle and bustle of the Johannesburg scenery laws of existence. Baderoon One of South Africa’s most accomplished and celebrated and lifestyle, but also of music and music creation. Mohlele’s is not only a poet and writer; political and literary fi gures is Sol Plaatje. Written by accom- powers of imagery are drawn from his experience as a per- she is also serves an Assistant plished historian and academic, Brain Willan, the book formance arts student, which entrenches the imagination Professor of Women’s Studies at Sol Plaatje: a life of Solomon Tshekisho Plaatje 1876-1932, and related artistic development. Pen State. — Anele Ngcoya 22 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 Cabinet report cards

BARBARA CREECY The department also messed up the THOKO DIDIZA Minister of Environment, awarding of fi shing quotas to small- Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries scale fi shing people, leaving a crucial Land Reform and Rural 2018 Grade: n/a part of the coastal economy in trou- Development 2019 Grade: B ble. Last month Creecy awarded new 2018 Grade: n/a Creecy looks exhausted. By her own quotas. 2019 Grade: D account, she hasn’t had much in She has also taken other steps to Thoko Didiza is no stranger to the way of respite since becoming a show that her expanded depart- Cabinet; she has served in four minister seven months ago. Between ment intends to push back against administrations. She served as min- ANC meetings, parliamentary work its peers. She, for example, stopped ister of agriculture and land aff airs and running the ministry, she also a mine going ahead on farmland in from 1999 to 2006. This year she went to Spain for international cli- eastern Gauteng. came back for round two as the polit- mate negotiations at COP25. Forestry and fisheries has a tiny ical head responsible for the dysfunc- It’s her first ministerial job, after budget of R2.5-billion and environ- tional agriculture and land depart- spending 25 years in Gauteng in vari- ment has a R7.5-billion budget. Put ment, but with the added ous capacities in local and provin- together, this is half a percent of gov- responsibility of rural cial government. Her experience as ernment spending. D development and land the MEC responsible for fi nance in To strengthen its position, the com- reform. Gauteng had her tipped for that role bined department has started talking She placed fast-track- nationally. up the value of a healthy environ- ing land reform and sup- Instead, she is in charge of merg- ment. Earlier this year, it said two porting small-scale farmers high on ing two departments with diff erent million people are directly depend- her agenda. realities: environment aff airs and ent on the natural environment Agricultural organisations wel- forestry and fi sheries. for their income — 900 000 in comed the appointment of Didiza The environment depart- agriculture, 600 000 in fi sheries and the amalgamation of the two ment is relatively well run B and 400 000 in the biodiversity ministries into one, citing the min- and staffed by good people. economy being the majority of ister’s previous experience of dealing But its greatest problem is that these. with agriculture and land. But the the current and former administra- Creecy also comes to power at a warmth soon chilled; organisations tions care little about the environ- transition moment — the climate cri- accused Didiza of being slow to deal ment, beyond paying it lip service. sis. South Africa has done little con- with her fi rst clear-cut crisis — the That was illustrated when President crete work on reducing carbon emis- outbreak of foot-and-mouth dis- Cyril Ramaphosa parked Nomvula sions and preparing people for the ease, a contagious viral disease that Mokonyane in environment, a min- changing climate. affects cloven-hoofed animals and ister so tainted that she should have The minister is the de facto cham- has serious economic consequences. instead been put in jail. pion of a future that we can live in. In November cases were confi rmed This lack of support has affected It is the mandate of her department. in 10 locations in Limpopo. North the department’s performance. But the ANC is terrified of doing West, Gauteng, Mpumalanga and Although it tried to enforce section anything about the coal region of the Eastern Cape are also aff ected. 24 of the Constitution, which guar- Mpumalanga, despite its carbon The Red Meat Producers’ antees the right to a healthy environ- pollution, because it gets so many Organisation criticised the depart- ment, realpolitik meant other depart- votes there. It is therefore up to ment’s lack of monitoring of ments got their way. For example, the Presidential Climate Change livestock movements after the when it tried to regulate air pollution, Commission to get government as a outbreak. to cut down on the 20 000 deaths a whole to take the future seriously. In December Didiza gazetted the year from air pollution, Eskom and Where Creecy must do something is ban on auctions to limit the spread Sasol being the biggest culprits, their in sorting out the confusion between of the disease, but industry experts custodian departments — trade, her department and the treasury’s on say it could take up to three years energy and public enterprises — had how to change companies’ polluting to get South Africa’s disease-free greater political clout. When it tried behaviour regarding carbon emis- status back, which prevents trade to enforce legislation requiring com- sions. The diff erent approaches mean internationally. panies to rehabilitate mines, its over- policy uncertainty and so companies Last year, the department of agri- sight role was given to the mineral don’t know what to do — and they culture was identifi ed by the treas- resources department. Consequently, also have an excuse to put off reduc- ury as one of the departments that the state has a R49-billion bill to ing emissions. places a heavy strain on the public clean up abandoned mines. There is also the problem of poach- wage bill. A pointed note was made Creecy has inherited a disaster in ing and trafficking of numerous about the cost of management. The the forestry and fi sheries component endangered species. department has not reduced the of her ministry. Under the oversight The department favours a model R68-million spent on senior manage- of Tina Joemat-Pettersson, their where “wild” animals have to pay ment bonuses alone. mandates collapsed, with constant their own way. Some environmen- To Didiza’s credit she has remained qualified findings by the auditor tal groups disagree. The department frugal in the amount of money spent general. The former public protec- argues that the key to conservation on salaries in her private offi ce, keep- tor, Thuli Madonsela, found that the is to ensure people benefi t, which in ing the number of people employed minister had tried to interfere in an turn cuts down poaching. Some sort to six and costing the department investigation into her alleged mis- of solution is needed to this impasse. MAITE its employees. Coming in second was R2.6-million a year. conduct in the irregular awarding of Creecy’s mandate is the health NKOANA-MASHABANE its R85.2-million allocation to the On land reform, the depart- an R800-million contract for of our living world. She Minister in the Presidency for Commission for Gender Equality, ment has not achieved much in 25 patrol boats to pre- needs the backing of Women, Youth and Persons leaving a mere R69.9-million for years and Didiza has inherited this vent illegal fleets the person who with Disabilities goods and services. problem. fi shing in South appointed her. 2018 Grade: n/a A portion of what was left over She told Parliament that 346 Africa’s Without that, 2019 Grade: E went toward establishing a national unresolved cases rmain before the waters. our future In June, what was once the depart- council to put an emergency land claims court, with the oldest will be ment of women was renamed to response plan into action. This plan case going back to 1998. Despite the a more include youth and people with dis- involved tackling the backlog of Constitutional Court earlier this broken abilities in the portfolio. People have cases while ensuring that jail sen- year upholding an order by the land one. joked that this is the department for tences for convicted offenders are claims court that a special master be everyone except an able-bodied man. made harsher. Apart from this, the appointed to assist the department But this department works to build department saw it fi t to address gen- in processing land claims, this has an inclusive society. der-based violence by launching not been done. Its mandate is to “ensure that a national pledge that pleaded And despite the government’s the socioeconomic empower- E with men to help women to declarations that it is committed to ment and rights of women, deal with the problem. land reform, the state allocated only youth and persons with disabil- The ministry has promised to 1.7% (about R11-billion) of its budget ities are mainstreamed across all spend the next fi ve years develop- to the department — with R6.5- sectors of society”. The minister will ing disability law that will leave pub- billion allocated for land reform pro- do this through monitoring decisions lic and private entities no choice but grammes this year. (such as laws, policies and practices) to grant reasonable and supportive After public hearings were held and facilitating skills development. access to those who are diff erently around the country, Parliament’s To execute her mandate, Nkoana- abled. ad hoc committee on land expro- Mashabane’s department was allo- On the youth front, the department priation without compensation cated a total of R244.5-million. has busied itself with amending the Parliament has invited the public to Although this is the smallest budget National Youth Development Agency provide written submissions on the across all departments, its size is jus- Act to further its reach of servitude. draft Bill to amend Section 25 of the tifi ed by the nature of its purpose: to We await the amendments’ outcome. Constitution. liaise with and ensure that all other But apart from showing up and Critics of the department have departments are inclusive in their giving speeches when the calendar warned that the amendments are plans of action. said it was time to raise awareness unlikely to break the barriers to land One of the department’s most about the people that concern her reform. questionable decisions was how its ministry, the department delivered These barriers include widespread budget prioritised staff over serving few tangibles. This department corruption in the department, the public. Its largest expense, R85.4- sounds like a good idea, but there’s unclear policy, constrained budgets million, went towards compensating not much to show for it. and lack of political will. Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 23 News

AYANDA DLODLO Mahlobo and Bongani Bongo, were PRAVIN GORDHAN Minister of State Security so loyal to former president Jacob Minister of Public Enterprises 2018 Grade: n/a Zuma that few people know exactly 2018 Grade: C 2019 Grade: C what they did in the department. 2019 Grade: D The state security department is sup- The minister finds herself facing Part of the charm of Public posed to keep the country safe from a mammoth task of cleaning up and Enterprises Minister Pravin any threat, internal and external, but turning around the department and Gordhan is his ability to be frank that ministry has been the political its agency. and honest about the perilous state battleground — with factions in the But the resistance by senior offi- of the government’s assets and ruling ANC using state resources to cials is making her task much more businesses. wage their war. diffi cult. There is a tussle over what His assessments pull no punches A number of rogue elements have powers she has in the SSA’s opera- about what needs to be done and also allegedly used their posi- tional matters. Some offi cials regard what it will take to get tions in the department to her as just a ceremonial head of the things done. enrich themselves, with department who can’t be involved in This and the fact no accountability. C operations. Dlodlo went public and that he’s dealing with D Dlodlo, like her pre- spoke out against what she said was state-owned enterprises decessor Dipuo Letsatsi- “perceived interference” by offi cials, (SOEs) destroyed by years Duba, started with a vow to who don’t want to account to her as of corruption and a deliberate pro- clean up the department; some the political head of the department. ject to run out capable executives R600-million has gone missing, Given how she performed in her who stood in the way of question- taken through fraudulent invoices previous portfolio as public service able decisions designed to siphon for services purportedly rendered. minister, it would be fair to think money out of them. Dlodlo’s vow has set her on a col- that Dlodlo can turn around the But the state’s major companies — lision course with senior officials department and agency around. Eskom, Transnet and Denel — are there. She needs to ensure that her starting to stabilise. And the state President Cyril Ramaphosa created department is protecting the people airline, SAA, is now under busi- a review panel, led by ANC veteran of South Africa and not collecting ness rescue. It’s too soon to know Sydney Mufamadi, to help to fi x the secrets so politicians can blackmail whether it can be saved. rot in the department. (Moves like their way to power. According to the department’s this have put corrupt offi cials under presentation to Parliament’s portfo- pressure. The tension has become so lio committee on public enterprises, bad that it was rumoured that the Eskom and Transnet have, for the minister was plotting to kill one of past two years, had qualified the offi cials.) audit findings, while Denel It found that there was no had an audit disclaimer billion in that period. The depart- actions about what needs to be done, accountability and that, (which means auditors ment has achieved 50% of its annual some executives have complained because there were no do not have enough performance plan targets for the that the minister crosses the line and audits, money was taken information to make third quarter, which ended in meddles in the running of SOEs. and used for projects an audit fi nding). September. The problem with that is manifest that had nothing to do Normally, these Some of the work outstanding is in SAA and Eskom, where executives with the State Security outcomes would related to the troubled SOEs and believe the board, because of pres- Agency’s mandate. be distressing problems with governance and pro- sure from the shareholder, gets far Dlodlo has de- — and should curement processes. The depart- too involved in operational matters. manded answers and still be — but ment says some of the delays — to The appointment of Jabu Mabuza is trying to imple- if one consid- programmes such as reporting on as Eskom’s executive chairperson ment the panel’s rec- ers that Denel, Eskom’s implementation of its turn- amounted to Gordhan appointing ommendations. She for instance, did around plan, a review report on the someone he knows will follow his told Parliament that not have enough performance of its power stations thinking. It also presented a grey there were about 30 money to pay and a monitoring report on SOEs’ area in as far as confl ict of interest is individuals inside salaries or even compliance with the norms and concerned, because Mabuza’s com- and outside the State buy toilet paper just standards on memorandum of incor- panies provided services to Eskom. Security Agency (SSA) 12 months ago, one poration — were caused by factors A similar move took place at SAA. who were involved in understands that stability is out of its control. The airline actually had an acting corrupt activities. The a big feat. But what is encouraging is that the chief executive, and the previous minister has gone to the Both Eskom and Transnet department is much more focused on chief executive had left because of Hawks to get them to inves- recorded reportable irregu- the problems at the SOEs and seems meddling and inadequate support tigate this group. larities in their fi nancials for the seized with helping the companies from the shareholder. Another of Dlodlo’s investiga- period that ended in 2018, and none get the right policies on procurement, Another aspect of the interference tions found a sophisticated listen- this year. dealing with risk and operations that was uncovered when Eskom board ing device that had been sourced by SAA has not presented audited underpin a turnaround. member Busisiwe Mavuso said the SSA and went missing from the financials before Parliament With Denel the intervention is the company’s plan to implement “Farm”, the agency’s headquarters. for two consecutive fi scal starting to take shape and the com- planned outages to deal with main- The device was apparently used periods. Unofficial pany is looking at luring back clients tenance backlogs at power stations just weeks before the ANC’s numbers shown and is taking action to protect its was undermined by Gordhan’s polit- elective conference in to the stand- prized intellectual property. ical considerations of not wanting to Nasrec in 2017. Secrets are ing commit- Gordhan has also spoken about shed the load ahead of and during the currency of politics. tee on public the need to develop capacity in his the May elections. This is how deep the accounts re- department and ensure there are For consistency’s sake it is impor- abuse of power and state fl ect that the more specialists in fields such as tant that corporate governance be resources has been in airline lost energy, engineering and aviation. respected. Because of this Gordhan’s state security. Dlodlo’s a cumula- But not everyone appreciates work — which deserves a C — is get- predecessors, David tive R10- Gordhan’s frank approach. In inter- ting a D.

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LINDIWE SISULU Minister of Human Settlements, Water and Sanitation 2018 Grade: n/a 2019 Grade: C Any person going into this depart- ment needs a prayer. It is one of the biggest after the departments of human settlements and water and sanitation were merged this year. The water and sanitation depart- ment has little to show after years of a crisis caused by former minis- ters, endemic corruption and mis- management, resulting in fi nancial ruin. The former minister, Gugile Nkwinti, called the department “a mess”. The auditor general declared it bankrupt. The department has had nine directors gen- eral in as many years. C Irregular expenditure grew from R13-million in 2009 to R1.7-billion in the past financial year. Numerous projects are still incomplete and in jeopardy because of fi nancial collapse, includ- ing the Giyani water project, the toi- let bucket eradication programme and the programme to fix leaking water pipes. Drought and the eff ects of climate change have placed signifi cant pres- sure on this department. In a radio interview, Sisulu’s ZWELI MKHIZE is on rolling out the big ticket items, MMAMALOKO As if this is not a big enough chal- spokesperson, Makhosini Mgitywa, Minister of Health such as National Health Insurance KUBAYI-NGUBANE lenge for Sisulu, the human settle- defended the appointment, say- 2018 Grade: n/a (NHI). This has already taken up a Minister of Tourism ments department has its own long ing Dlamini’s experience in social 2019 Grade: C large chunk of the minister’s time. 2018 Grade: n/a list of inadequacies, including enti- development would be valuable in Mkhize has been health minister for A billion rand has been set aside for 2019 Grade: C ties placed under administration. addressing social housing issues. about seven months. Shortly after he planning and systems preparation The main objective of the tourism Hers has to be one of the hardest Dlamini was the social develop- was appointed, he said his priority for the NHI’s rollout. The NHI Bill department is to promote South jobs in this administration. ment minister during the time of the was to restore hope in the public was introduced to Parliament on Africa as a travel destination for An important step was the release South African Social Security Agency health care system. He inher- C August 8 and public hearings locals and foreign visitors. of the national water and sanita- debacle involving the payment of ited a mixed bag: a system that on the Bill were heard around When President Cyril Ramaphosa tion master plan, which is “a plan social grants. has both improved the lives and the country. Opposition parties delivered his State of the intended to guide the water sector More should be expected from life expectancy of South Africans, and lobby groups have criticised Nation address in June with investment planning for the Sisulu, because it’s not her fi rst time but one that also fails people. Clinics the NHI (saying it is unaffordable) this year, he set a target development of water resources and in charge of that department. In and hospitals either turn people away and the public comment process (say- of doubling the number C the delivery of water and sanita- 2017, she promised to establish the or fail to treat them properly. ing people’s concerns are not being of tourists to the coun- tion services over the horizon until Human Settlements Development The improvements are clear. Over listened to). try by 2030. 2030, and beyond”, according to the Bank, to accelerate the delivery of the past 25 years, primary and sec- The NHI will pool funds to provide Tourism accounts for 2.7% of gross department. It includes addressing housing. The bank is still not fully ondary health care has improved. quality health services for all South domestic product and it directly backlogs in infrastructure invest- functioning. South Africans are living longer. The Africans. Mkhize has been credited employs 739 657 people — 4.5% of ment, eliminating wastage and any Sisulu did hand over 500 title overall life expectancy at birth is 67.3 with balancing the various factions total employment — according to loss as a result of corruption and deeds in Cornubia, about 17km north years for females and 61.1 years for in the ongoing fight over the NHI. the department. mismanagement, addressing inves- of Durban’s city centre, to low and males, according to Statistics South He has also worked hard to get more If the goal of 21-million tourists tor concerns, issuing water licences middle-income earners. The cynics Africa. This can also be put down to goodwill out of the treasury, which a year is met, this could be one and dealing with badly maintained would say this was a political move the improved coverage and eff ective- has shown resistance to NHI, because of the places where the govern- infrastructure. to accelerate an election campaign. ness of the government’s antiretrovi- of its cost. ment can dent the unemployment The plan is bold and Sisulu said it And Sisulu, thanks to her “blue ral (ARV) programme. Mkhize has also presided over the crisis. will be phased in over 10 years at a blood” status in the ANC, continues According to UNAids, in 2018 rollout of a long-awaited new ARV This places a huge responsibility cost of close to R1-trillion. But most to be linked to rumours of her wish about 7.7-million people were living and other medicines that help pre- on the new minister. of the money will have to be sourced to attain higher offi ce, “with claims with HIV, 81% of people living with vent tuberculosis. Last year the number of tourists from other portfolios — something emerging that she is loading her min- HIV (about 6.2-million people) are on With a R47.5-billion rand budget, coming to South Africa declined by which has made her ministerial istry with loyalists in a bid to build a treatment and 73% (about 5 621 000 the department is meeting its nearly 165 000, mostly in arrivals peers mutter opposition to the plan. campaign for her to replace David people) of all people living with HIV expenditure targets. Just under half from Australasia and Europe. As she unveiled the master plan, Mabuza as ANC deputy president. are virally suppressed. These su- of its budget — R20-billion — has The portfolio committee on tour- Sisulu promised that the Vaal Dam In water, sanitation and ccesses, like many of been allocated to HIV, tuberculo- ism noted in its budgetary review Project will bring in highly skilled housing, Sisulu oversees the programmes sis and maternal and child health. and recommendation review report people and government offi cials by a department that that Mkhize now Another R22-billion has been set that the sector has potential to do the beginning of next year to ensure is crucial to the has author- aside for hospitals, tertiary health more, but it has faced problems that that there is accountability and fate of her party ity over, were services and staffi ng costs. have stifl ed growth. hands-on management of the sys- in the 2021 local inherited. But meeting financial targets These include: a decrease in inter- tems in the catchment area. government Where he doesn’t result in the most efficient national arrivals, safety and secu- She has also focused on water elections. has to work health care system. The 2019 report rity concerns, concerns about the licences, which are integral to inves- With by the South African Lancet National country’s policy of land expropria- tors and job creation. She said these rumours of Commission, Confronting the Right tion without compensation, and used to take up to three years but a Cabinet to Ethical and Accountable Quality visa regime and visa processing now, she is confi dent that they will reshuffl e, alleg- Health Care in South Africa: A issues. be processed in just 49 days. edly to remove Consensus Report, says: “Quality is With a target of increasing tour- To deal with infrastructural issues, her from the a critical determinant of health and ists, the department has been busy. the department, working with the powerful port- a high-quality health system is the It has, along with the home aff airs treasury, will establish the National folio, it does driver of successful universal health department, resolved visa issues by Water Resources and Services seem politics coverage.” amending regulations applied to Authority to fi nance, develop, man- might undo It found that health had a sup- foreign minors travelling to South age and operate national water what good Sisulu portive policy environment and dec- Africa. resource infrastructure and sanita- might build in ades of substantial health system It has also increased the list of tion. Sisulu said this will allow her the two devastated advances, but said that “stronger gov- countries that don’t need visas for department to “expedite a review of departments. ernance for quality from the health this country, and it is piloting an all current infrastructure projects People’s quality department on down to the clinic” E-visa system in Kenya. with the plan to complete them”. of life de-pends was required. In the 2018-2019 financial year, In her human settlements portfo- on Sisulu getting It recommended investing in the department spent 98.8% of its lio, Sisulu hit the ground running. things right. human resource training and budget of R2.2-billion. She immediately courted contro- There is no an improved system to captures But there are still problems. There versy by appointing constitutional margin for quality metrics in the health was an increase in fruitless and delinquent Bathabile Dlamini as error. system to inform governance wasteful expenditure from R1.065- the new chairperson of the Social decisions. million in 2017-2018 to R120.5- Housing Regulatory Authority The key to the rest of Mkhize’s million in 2018-2019. interim board. This entity is meant term will be in how he defi nes With little money to go around, to regulate social housing for people the role, and where he can fast Kubayi-Ngubane has to resolve this earning between R1 500 and R15 000 track the policies created by his if she wants the department to live a month. predecessors. up to its promise. Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 25 News

EBRAHIM PATEL billion and R363-billion in 2019. contracting 0.5% in quarter three of Minister of Trade, Industry While preparing for the second 2019. and Competition investment drive, This has had a knock-on effect, 2018 Grade: n/a Patel said the investments made with businesses retrenching and 2019 Grade: B last year were already bearing fruit downsizing. The steel industry Having been the minister of eco- in the vehicle production and food was dealt a blow when steel pro- nomic development for almost a processing sectors and at a mobile ducer ArcelorMittal announced it decade, Patel is well acquainted phone manufacturing plant in would wind down its operations with the economic diffi culties facing KwaZulu-Natal. in Saldanha amid a tough trad- the country. Since taking Patel’s detractors, including ing environment and dwindling over from his predeces- opposition parties, civil society returns. sor, Rob Davies, as the and industry leaders, have praised The move will push about 1 000 political head of the B his business-friendly approach to people into unemployment. department of trade attracting investment since taking ArcelorMittal has also snubbed and industry — compe- over the merged departments. But Patel’s suggestions that the plant be tition is an added component — these investments have not pushed sold rather than closed. Patel has been known to push for South Africa’s economy out of the This year, Patel pushed for more the development of master plans to doldrums. Economic growth contin- African countries to sign the African tackle problems. ues to be too low to address high lev- Free Trade Agreements, which is The two departments were els of unemployment and poverty. due to be fully implemented in July merged earlier this year by Statistics South Africa’s latest data next year. President Cyril Ramaphosa in a bid shows that gross domestic prod- The agreement, which as of July to reduce the bloated Cabinet. uct contracted by 0.6% in the third had been ratified by 54 countries, The super-ministry and its quarter this year. will bring new tariff -free trade to the various entities, which include The department placed manu- continent. the Industrial Development facturing at the heart of its master Patel also joined five other Corporation and the Competition plan to grow the economy and drive Southern African countries to Commission, is trying to create industrialisation in the 2019-2020 fi nalise a post-Brexit deal with the these overarching plans for indus- fi nancial year. Despite it allocating United Kingdom before it leaves tries in need of a push. It has had 40 R18-billion of its budget to the sec- the European Union (whenever submissions from business, unions tor, manufacturing has been the big- that may be). The deal ensured that and other stakeholders in various gest drag on the country’s growth, South Africa gets preferential access sectors. to the UK market even though it is Its greatest focus is on the strug- likely to leave the EU. gling steel, sugar and manufactur- ing industries. The department has already FIKILE MBALULA executive now appear to be in limbo. ineffi ciencies, such as the ever-bal- finalised the master plan in Minister of Transport This is the same Prasa that the for- looning bill from the Road Accident the car sector. This year the 2018 Grade: n/a mer minister, Blade Nzimande, once Fund, which has a huge debt. industry received a boost 2019 Grade: C - referred to as an ATM, and staff from A new chief executive has been of R1.2-billion invest- As the year wound to the auditor general’s offi ce received seconded and a permanent board ment from Japanese car an end Mbalula found death threats for apparently jeopard- appointed, which, along with manufacturer Isuzu. himself the subject ising individuals’ Christmas bonuses. the tabled Road Accident Benefit The funding injection of derision. Again. This ministry essentially deals with Scheme Bill, “will transform the fund will create 1 000 direct Dressed in a black, anything that moves — planes, trains and curb the excessive debt”, said jobs at the manu- Nigerian- styled and vehicles. Mbalula. facturer’s Eastern agbada the min- For the fi nancial year ending Always one for catchy names, one Cape plant. ister of transport C- March 2019, the auditor gen- seemingly straight from Luthuli This year, the dutifully answered eral stated that, along with the House is “the War Room”, which was department was questions about avia- department of health, transport set up by the minister to help to deal required to attract tion at an air show when, accounted for the greatest amount with Prasa. investment against thrown a fl uff question at the of irregular expenditure, which now Aside from the ineffective board the backdrop of slow end, he proceeded to play the stands north of R61-billion. and dodgy management, there’s also growth and a slug- part as only Razzmatazz can. The auditor general found “mate- the frustrating delays or no-shows gish economy. Patel The blowback was immediate rial misstatements” in the depart- that rail commuters have had to deal has been the face of with some calling for his head. ment’s fi nancial reporting, which is with. Ramaphosa’s R1.2- Ultimately, it’s the actions of the the subject of two internal investiga- “The morning peak at the start of trillion investment incumbent that counts and, 24 hours tions, fi ve by law enforcement agen- the War Room was 49% and by the drive into “SA Inc”, after the critique, Mbalula changed cies, one by the Special Investigating end of the 14th week, on-time perfor- which, in 2018, gen- the narrative. Unit and four by the public protector. mance had increased to 63% ... the erated R300- After having been afforded 20 It’s not only crooks that have left 85% target is for the end of the year. months to address the crisis at the the department limping, it’s also We are well on track towards the Passenger Rail Agency of South achievement of the target,” the min- Africa (Prasa), Mbalula has pulled Report cards compiled by: ister said. the plug on the interim board and Thando Maeko, Tshegofatso Mbalula has survived more culls its acting chief executive and Mathe, Kevin Davie, Bongekile in government than most and there placed the ailing rail regulator Macupe, Sarah Smit, Franny Rabkin, are good reasons for that. Politically under administration. Rather Thanduxolo Jika, Athandiwe Saba, astute, highly visible and energetic, late than never, but there still Sabelo Skiti, Simon Allison, Luke he brings all of this to bare in the seems to be no clear plan for Feltham, Paddy Harper, Lester Kiewit, fulfi llment of his designated portfo- how Prasa will be turned Beauregard Tromp, Sipho Kings, lio. Always willing to play the fool, it around and promises to Zaza Hlathetwa and Kwanele Sosibo would take an uninformed observer Parliament of a new chief to call him one. 26 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 2019: Those who left us One of thousands

It was the death of a University of Cape Town student that caught South Africa’s attention in 2019, sparking protests against the high levels of gendered violence and murder. RIP Uyinene Mrwetyana went missing on August 24 and a man was arrested for her rape and murder six days later. He had lured her to the Clareinch post offi ce, violated her SOUTH AFRICANS and killed her. The next day he put her body in a mail bag, Thandekile Buthelezi, 89. Married drove to a fi eld in Khayelitsha and burned her. to former Inkatha Freedom Party According to police statistics, Mrwetyana was just one (IFP) president Mangosuthu of 2 771 women and 1 014 children killed in 2018-2019. And Buthelezi. 41 583 women were raped. There were 21 022 murders Johnny Clegg, 66. Musician who and 18 980 attempted murders. Men, particularly younger blended Zulu rhythms with ones, are three times more likely to be murdered, accord- Western styles, best known for ing to Statistics South Africa. the song Asimbonanga, about “You can’t police your way out of this,” Gareth Newham, Nelson Mandela in jail. head of the Institute for Security Studies’ Justice and Sandile Dikeni, 53. Poet, student Violence Prevention programme, told News24. anti-apartheid activist, arts edi- tor at the Cape Times and political editor at This Day. Keith Flint, 49. The Prodigy lead Paule Marshall, 90. Activist in the John W Fredericks, 73. Author and singer. Died of suicide. the civil rights and anti-Vietnam fi lmmaker. His book, Skollie, was Peter Fonda, 79. Actor, a countercul- movements, writer on Caribbean based on his life experiences and ture icon who co-wrote, produced and African-American identi- also told in the film, Noem My and starred in the 1969 road ties and author of Brown Girl, Skollie. movie Easy Rider. Brownstones. Donald Gordon, 89. Founder of Robert Frank, 95. Photographer Jonathan Miller, 85. British actor, Liberty Life Association in 1957 and filmmaker. His book The theatre and opera director, pro- and Liberty International and Americans, with an introduc- ducer and medical doctor. Capital & Counties. His founda- tion by Jack Kerouac, shifted the Toni Morrison, 88. Novelist, essay- tion supported numerous local direction of photography. ist, book editor and professor, projects and funded the Wits Kevin Fret, 24. Puerto Rican rapper, received the Nobel prize for litera- Donald Gordon Medical Centre, singer and the first openly gay ture in 1993 and a Pulitzer prize as well as the Gordon Institute of Latin trap artist. Shot dead. for Beloved (1987). Business Science. Alan Garcia, 70. Peru’s president Mohamed Morsi, 67. First democrat- Andile Gumbi, 36. Actor in the TV from 1985 to 1990 and from 2006 ically elected president of Egypt. series Isibaya who played Simba to 2011. Accused of receiving Died after collapsing in court in the stage version of The Lion kickbacks from the Odebrecht while on trial for espionage. He King, which showed in Australia, construction giant (linked to the was ousted by the army in 2013, China, Johannesburg, London’s Downfall: Robert Mugabe got his talons into Zimbabwe, leaving its Petrobras scandal). Committed after protests against his rule. West End and on Broadway in ruin as his legacy. Photo: Dean Hutton suicide. Robert Mugabe, 95. Zimbabwe’s New York. Rutger Hauer, 75. Hollywood actor president, who ruled for about Allan Gray, 81. Billionaire, busi- ous awards locally and interna- INTERNATIONAL best known for his role in the 1982 four decades, went from being nessman and philanthropist. tionally, and head of a number Alicia Alonso, 98. Cuban ballerina sci-fi classic Blade Runner. seen as an African liberator to an Founder of Allan Gray Investment of organisations including the who achieved global acclaim and Robert Hunter, 78. Collaborator and autocrat. The Gukurahundi from Management, the Allan Gray Media Defence Trust. went on to run the National Ballet lyricist for the Grateful Dead. 1983 to 1987 saw massacres of Orbis Foundation, and the Allan Isaac “Bra Ike” Maphoto, 88. A mem- of Cuba. Nipsey Hussle, 33. Aka Ermias Ndebele civilians. Violence and and Gill Gray Charitable Trust. ber of the Luthuli Detachment of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, 48. Leader Joseph Asghedom. Rapper, entre- electoral fraud marked the elec- Xolani Gwala, 44. Reporter, news Umkhonto weSizwe. Captured by of the Islamic State terror group, preneur and activist, shot in Los tions in 2002, 2008 and 2013. anchor, producer, talk show host Rhodesian forces in 1968 and sen- assassinated in northern Syria by Angeles. Named best male hip- Nuon Chea, 93. Chief ideologist of and current aff airs presenter. tenced to death. Freed in 1980. United States military forces. hop artist at the BET awards after Cambodia’s Khmer Rouge and Pol Bavelile Hlongwa, 38. Deputy min- Dorothy Masuka, 83. A “pan-Afri- Jacques Chirac, 86. President (1995– his death. Pot’s second-in-command, was ister of mineral resources and canist, vociferous opponent of 2007) and prime minister (1974– Martin Luther Kilson, 88. Political found guilty of genocide. energy. apartheid, political exile, teen 1976, 1986–1988) of France. scientist and first tenured André Previn, 89. Pianist, com- Valtyn Kekana, 54, chairperson of beauty queen and irrepress- Elijah Cummings, 68. Civil rights African-American professor at poser and conductor of the the municipal public accounts ible grand dame of Southern leader, Baltimore Democrat and Harvard. London Symphony and Royal committee in Mogalakwena African jazz” (The Independent), chairperson of the House over- Oliver Mtukudzi, 66. Zimbabwean Philharmonic. Received a municipality, Limpopo, and who went into exile in 1961 and sight committee, one of the three guitarist, singer and songwriter Grammy Lifetime Achievement Ralph Kanyane, 32, ANC branch returned in 1992 after Nelson committees leading the impeach- recognised across Africa and Award. secretary in the region, were Mandela’s release. ment inquiry of United States abroad. He was known for his Gary Rhodes, 59. TV chef in gunned down. Other politi- Thuliswa Nkabinde-Khawe, President Donald Trump. lyrics about Zimbabweans’ prob- MasterChef and Hell’s Kitchen. cally linked killings include: 46. Helped establish the Doris Day, 97. Actress and singer, lems and hopes, and for his Emiliano Sala, 28. The Argentine Mthembeni Majola, 39, IFP South African National Civic one of Holllywood’s biggest stars style, known as Tuku music. He forward had just signed to Cardiff councillor in Inkosi Langalibalele Organisation and was the in the 1950s and 1960s. released 67 albums. City Football Club when he died municipality, KwaZulu-Natal; Gauteng social development MEC. Patrick Day, 27. American boxer. Paul Krassner, 87. An icon of the in a plane crash in the English Jongisethi Phoswa, 59, ANC Nomhle Nkonyeni, 77. Awarded with Died after sustaining a brain 1960s counterculture, author, Channel. councillor in the Chris Hani the Order of Ikhamanga for her injury during his USBA super wel- journalist, comedian and founder John Singleton, 51. Director of Boyz n municipality, Eastern Cape; contribution to the arts. She acted terweight title fi ght in Chicago. of the freethought magazine The the Hood and 2 Fast 2 Furious and Khayelihle Sithole, 30, IFP coun- in plays such as Die Swerfjare van Jeff rey Epstein, 66. Disgraced fi nan- Realist. of TV series Snowfall, about the cillor of Msinga in Mzinyathi Poppie Nongena and in numerous cier found dead in a New York jail Karl Lagerfeld, 85. One of the most cocaine epidemic in Los Angeles. district, KwaZulu-Natal; Martin TV shows, including Mzansi. cell where he was decorated designers in the fash- Francisco Toledo, 79. Mexican artist Sithole, 43, former treasurer of Zwelonke Sigcawu, 51. King of the being held on ion industry. He was behind the who achieved fame for his paint- the ANC’s eMalahleni region, amaXhosa. sex-traffi cking revival of the French fashion ings, sculpting, printing and tap- Mpumalanga. Christelle Stemmet, 47. Top com- charges. house, Chanel. estry weaving, all influenced by Danny Keogh, 71. Actor. A founder mercial crimes detective with the Nikki Lauda, 70. Ferrari racer and a his Zapotec heritage. member of The Market Theatre Hawks and member of the former three-time Formula 1 champion. Rip Torn, 88. Hellraiser actor nomi- in Johannesburg. Best known for Scorpions. Li Peng, 90. Former premier of nated for six Emmys (The Larry his performances in Known Gods Ben Turok , 92. Outspoken fi ghter for Soul: African China known as the “Butcher of Sanders Show), winning one, an and Invictus. Co-wrote the play freedom, equality and social jus- queen of Beijing” for his role in the 1989 Oscar (Cross Creek) and a Tony The Native who Caused all the tice, intellectual, economist, con- jazz Dorothy Tiananmen Square killings. (Sweet Bird of Youth). His other Trouble. tributor to the Freedom Charter, Masuka Tania Mallet, 77. Best known for fi lms include Men in Black. David Koloane, 81. Internationally philosopher, engineer, author of her role as the “Bond girl” Agnès Varda, 90. Belgian-born recognised award-winning artist 20 books. And more. Tilly Masterson in 1964’s French film director, photogra- and mentor to black artists during Gavin Watson, 71. Chief executive Goldfi nger. pher and artist. Her films were and after apartheid. of Bosasa, around which are James Le Mesurier, infl uential in France’s New Wave Hugh Lewin, 79. Writer, journal- allegations of state capture and 48. Founder of the fi lm movement. She received an ist and activist, jailed from 1964 corruption. nonprofit Mayday honorary Oscar in 2017. to 1971 for his part in the African Chester Williams, 49. Nicknamed the Rescue, which Binyavanga Wainaina, 48. Kenyan Resistance Movement sabotage “Black Pearl”, he played 27 Tests trained the Syrian author, journalist and gay rights campaign. He left for London for the Springboks between 1993 White Helmets, activist, won the Caine Prize for on a one-way exit permit, where and 2000. who rescued his short story, Discovering Home. he worked at The Guardian, James Small, 50. The “bad boy” of civilians after He was the founding editor of the International Defence and rugby played 47 Tests for the Russian and Kwani?, a journal of experimental Aid Fund and the British Anti- Springboks between 1992 and Syrian airstrikes, writing. Apartheid Movement. 1997. and worked with Herman Wouk, 103. Pulitzer prize- Raymond Louw, 92. Editor of the Marc Batchelor, 49. The “bad boy” of the United Nations winner for The Caine Mutiny Rand Daily Mail for 12 years from football played for Kaizer Chiefs peacekeeping force (1951) and author of Sailor and 1965, champion of press free- and Orlando Pirates. He was shot in former Yugoslavia. Fiddler: Refl ections of a 100-Year- dom, for which he won numer- in the driveway of his home. Awarded an OBE. Old Author. Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 27 2019: All the president’s problems Backstabbers limit Ramaphosa

The ANC is stronger tive committee of the ANC is not between those who are ideologically electorally but is still better disposed towards capital and too weak to help the private sector participation in the economy, and those who harbour president make the suspicion towards privatisation and decisions the country’s unrequited aspirations for the role of the “developmental state”. Instead, many crises demand it is a contest between those who are smart and realistic enough to know that something has to give now and Richard Calland the state will have to make conces- sions, and those who resist structural change not because of ideological concern but because they wish to lections can be seismic hold on to the rent-seeking opportu- events — look at Brit- nities that state-ownership provides. ain now. South Africa’s There should be a debate about Ein 2019 could have been government debt. Citing Portugal, pivotal, but with the some progressive economists argue hindsight of six months, it does that cuts in the public sector wage not appear to have had much of an bill or other reductions in govern- effect on the political economy, posi- ment spending will be counter- tive or negative. productive and will lead not only to The May poll could have propelled more austerity but will further con- the Economic Freedom Fighters strain growth prospects. Yet there towards a kingmaker role, at least is another progressive position that in Gauteng — Africa’s fifth biggest argues that the problem is that South economy (if it was a country). But Africa’s borrowing is for the wrong the ANC hung on to power. And at things: servicing debt and unproduc- national level, 11% was a disappoint- tive parts of the economy, such as ment to EFF leader Julius Malema — Eskom, SAA and incompetent or cor- not the exponential growth that simi- rupt parts of the public service. lar ultra-populist/nationalist parties Ramaphosa is denied the opportu- have achieved in other democracies nity for such deliberation in the ANC, around the world. which weakens his and his Cabinet’s That particular political risk has, at hand because the decision is deferred least, receded this year. or muddled through without suffi- For the first time in five national cient resolution, which enables his and provincial elections since 2009, opponents of reform to continue to ANC support went up, arresting the distract and obstruct. party’s decline. This was because of Ramaphosa’s leadership. As a result, he lack of serious strategic he has never been more powerful reflection in the ruling party and probably never will be. But he Tis a reflection of the balance has failed to seize the moment. The of forces in the ANC. It may greater risk now is that his power have recovered its electoral prowess will begin to wane and his govern- and, now, with the collapse of coali- ment will get stuck in the weeds tion governments at city level, power because he has not been able to in Johannesburg and elsewhere. But impose his power and address the it has not recovered its senses or most politically awkward decisions. capability to lead society. As a result, despite the steady pro- The weakness of the ANC ham- gress that Ramaphosa has made in pers those who do wish to have such rebuilding state institutions and debates and who, because they are restoring a lost normative order in in government, must navigate a way public life, the economy has not yet forward in terms of policy-making revived. and executive decisions. I am think- But we should not lose sight of ing of the trade and industry minis- the bigger picture. We must remem- X marked the spot: Cyril Ramaphosa is repairing the damage of the Zuma years, but the beneficiaries of the ter, Ebrahim Patel, and the deputy ber that exactly two years ago South former president’s largesse are hindering Ramaphosa’s need to urgently make rapid decisions. Photo: Paul Botes finance minister, David Masondo. Africa stood on the edge of different In Mbeki’s time, Joel Netshitenzhe precipice. In December 2017, Zuma place with public sector unions if the negotiating skills. It is clear that he be far more ticks than crosses against had the authority to lead such was still in power and the ANC had public sector wage bill is to be sub- has managed to persuade union fed- the various items now. debates — both inside the ANC and to choose between two candidates stantively reduced in time for South eration Cosatu that some level of re- The problem is that all of the posi- from his position as head of the to succeed him as ANC president Africa to avoid a full downgrade to structuring — and even privatisation tive steps that have been taken are all president’s policy unit. Ramaphosa — reform-minded Ramaphosa and sub-investment grade (“junk”) status — is necessary, which suggests he necessary but not sufficient to ensure has no such intellectual enforcer and Nkosazama Dlamini-Zuma, who in March 2020, after the budget on knows he must not “waste the crisis”. economic revival. The South African no political henchman to assert his headed a “coalition of scoundrels February 26, and the bleak economic In this regard, the SAA strike repre- Revenue Service and the National power and impose his will. and nationalists”. It was the ultimate consequences if that does happen. sented an appetiser for the full meal Prosecuting Authority, to cite the The social, economic and fiscal fork in the roads. If South Africa, in Time is very short: in rugby terms, that awaits with the Eskom unbun- two most important and obvious crisis that confronts South Africa time, finds that it is well on the road South Africa is in injury time and dling. With SAA, on balance, the gov- state institutions, are being rebuilt. requires a high degree of urgency to recovery, the upturn in fortunes needs a Joel Stransky to make a ernment “won”. The unions backed But there is lag-time before tax col- and boldness in decision-making in will be traced back to the decision to miraculous drop-kick between the down when they realised that they lection increases and the perpetra- government. But Ramaphosa’s deci- elect Ramaphosa. posts. So, behind-the-scenes nego- would not win any concessions and tors of state capture are arrested. sion-making has a different “tempo”; Since then, state capture has been tiations with the unions will have to risked losing everything. Part of Ramaphosa’s problem is he moves at a more incremental, cau- halted and institutional rebuilding yield concrete results if there isn’t The government needs to mus- that, whereas the overlapping crises tious pace. He likes to build consen- has commenced in earnest. But, as to be a full-on confrontation in the ter the same level of resolve with in the state-owned enterprises and sus first, where he can. And, because the details of the extent and depth autumn or even earlier. Eskom. It will be a much harsher in the fiscus require the government of his wretched, divided party, he has of the state capture project have In terms of investor sentiment — at test. The government could afford to find a way of reducing the public to constantly look over his shoulder emerged, through the Zondo inquiry least internationally — this is the big to see the airline grounded or even sector wage bill, his party is unable to make sure that the “fight-backers” and elsewhere, it has become appar- ticket item: public sector wages and close, but no one can afford to do to muster the intellectual will to have are not going to scupper his reforms. ent that it will take at least as long to fiscal consolidation. Until recently, without electricity. a grown-up conversation about the Despite the political gains of the recover from the decade of degrada- investors wanted action on Eskom, deeper and longer-term strategic past year, it is this gap that is of great- tion of the Zuma years. but now that the Eskom roadmap foreign correspondent questions at stake. est concern: that despite all the posi- Unjustly, it is Ramaphosa who has been published, concerns have asked me why I think it Fifteen or 20 years ago, the ANC tives of the Ramaphosa presidency, not only must lead the turnaround switched to the fiscal crisis. The ques- Ais that most political ana- would have embarked on a detailed, he may yet fail because he can’t drive strategy for SA Inc, but he must also tion of whether public sector unions lysts are positive about if convoluted, internal debate about his reform agenda fast enough to absorb the costs of Zuma’s profligacy can be at least “handled”, if not Ramaphosa’s performance, but mar- the relationship between the state ward off the deepening fiscal crisis. and graft. The fiscal crisis, for exam- stared down, is seen as a litmus test ket analysts and international agency and the market, about the balance of ple, is largely as a result of the waste of whether the Ramaphosa adminis- observers are far less sanguine. forces in society and in the economy, Richard Calland is an associate and excess of Zuma’s presidency. But tration is tough enough. This is the reason: if an observer and about the wisdom or otherwise professor in public law at the it is Ramaphosa who will carry the Given his social democratic and had drawn up a political “to do” list of strategic alliances with, for exam- University of Cape Town and a part- can politically — both in terms of the pro-union instincts, this presents a when Ramaphosa ousted Zuma in ple, “industrial capital”. But now, ner in the political risk consultancy, delicate negotiations that must take test of Ramaphosa’s judgment and February last year, then there would the debate in the national execu- The Paternoster Group 28 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 2019: The girl who pushed the panic button Some say the teenager is being manipulated, others say her solutions are unrealistic and undemocratic. Who’s afraid of Greta Thunberg?

COMMENT Svenja Blanke

ome are fascinated with Greta Thunberg: they see her as a young hero, a SJoan of Arc or a Mafalda (Argentina’s comic strip girl who challenged the problems of the world) of modern times with a political agenda for Earth. Others are angry. They see her as a naïve puppet of opaque adult interests and they make fun of her. The 16-year-old has become a new global figure representing the younger generation and their con- cerns for their future in the face of the climate crisis. What is now a mass movement began on August 20 2018. That day, instead of attending school, Greta sat in front of the Swedish Parliament with a board that stated: “School Strike for Climate”. Her intervention built momentum and produced an avalanche called Fridays for Future. In March 2019 about 1.5-million teenagers and youngsters took to the streets to demand governments take climate change seriously. Other strikes followed and in September an estimated four million young peo- ple and adults took to the streets in almost every country. Greta has been recognised for the firmness of her convictions and for her actions in Europe for about a year, but in the United States she Shake-up: Millions of people attracted attention only in the lat- around the world took to the ter half of 2019. Many Americans streets in September as part first saw her when she appeared on of the Global Climate Strike Trevor Noah’s The Daily Show. She against the use of fossil explained with her well-known seri- fuels, including in Brussels ousness that the world has little time (above). The teenage climate left — eight and a half years, because activist’s profile was raised in as of January 1 2018, only 420 giga- the US by appearing on The tons of carbon dioxide remained Daily Show with Trevor Noah to be emitted by all of humanity if (below) and a four-storey climate change is to be kept to rela- mural (left) in San Francisco. tively safe levels. Now, there are only Photos: Kenzo Tribouillard/AFP 360 gigatons left. That budget will & Justin Sullivan/Getty Images vanish in less than eight years. When asked for her impression of New York when she arrived on a based on the idea that politics works zero-carbon emissions yacht from only step by step, always through Europe, she replied that it smelled compromise. But this can be seen as bad. Her lack of understanding of a form of soft paternalism. irony and her seriousness are prob- Andrew Mitrovica, writing for ably related to a syndrome she has Al Jazeera, noted that Christopher — Asperger’s, a condition she speaks Caldwell, a senior journalist for The openly about — and a dose of Nordic Weekly Standard, wrote in The New frankness. York Times that Greta’s “appeals for Like her, the new environmental immediate action” on the climate movement speaks very seriously and crisis are “in conflict with democ- uses scientific research to support its racy” and took issue with her “crude arguments. Greta is the global face language”, “unrealistic” world view, of this movement and her presence raised her profile in the US. and “out of balance” priorities and is influential. Her yacht trip from Although in many countries the that she “is only interested in ‘sowing Europe in August attracted support, movement is led by teenage women, panic’ and ‘simplification’.” Caldwell mockery and criticism. in no other country is the link advised: “Democracy calls for wait- Her interventions at the World between the movement and a person ing and seeing.” Climate Conference in Katowice, as clear as it is in the case of Greta. Greta’s sharp accusations do not Poland, in December 2018 and at the The media and commentators have take place in a vacuum. They are World Economic Forum in Davos, become obsessed with her. Some stark, political interventions aimed Switzerland, in September 2019 put observers say the adoration of Greta at polarising public opinion. Her the world’s powerful in an awkward is similar to a religious awakening. statement that “the poverty of the position. This teenager with braids Those on the right and the climate many pays for the luxury of the few” threw a challenge at them — “act” or deniers in particular regard Greta is, according to some commentators “panic” — and attracted the world’s and her colleagues as immature, on the extreme right, “the product attention. spoilt young people. Argentine jour- of socialisation in the Swedish edu- She told the US Congress: “I don’t nalist Sandra Russo calls this the first cation system” and is a “stupid” left- want you to listen to me, I want you case of “global bullying”, an idea she wing criticism of capitalism. to listen to the scientists.” discussed long before September 23, Other critics argue that “fanati- Her presence at the New York when US President Donald Trump cal ecologists” (or green capitalists) and Washington demonstrations in sent out a tweet making fun of Greta are hiding behind the Swedish teen- September, the meeting with Barack after her speech at the UN Climate bright and wonderful future. So nice Greta’s ideas about climate change ager. They make specific mention of Obama, her appearance on The Daily Action Summit. to see!” His tweet reflects his views have been described as potentially We Don’t Have Time AB, a Swedish Show and the speech before the “[S]he seems like a very happy of women and that he is a climate “undemocratic” — because they do company that works on environmen- United Nations general assembly young girl looking forward to a denialist. not allow for political compromise — tal projects. It was founded in 2017 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 29 News But her words have mobilised people around the world to do something about the climate crisis

In the beginning: In August last year Greta Thunberg, didn’t go to school. She sat outside Sweden’s Parliament with a poster that read ‘School strike for climate’. Her protest has become a movement. Photo: Adam Johansson

from insisting on the fact that, as the reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change say, the cli- mate crisis has worsened in the last 20 years and, despite this, politics is doing very little to change its course. German climate movement activ- ist Luisa Neubauer, 23, says that “the battlefield is between those who bene- fit most from the status quo and those who are set to lose the most”. She adds: “We young people ask ourselves why things are the way they are when they could so simply be different. And we have to fight this as strongly as we can because we have absolutely noth- ing to lose, except our future.” There is potential for generational conflict: voters of the future are mobilising against the interests of those of the present. But young peo- ple are not alone; many adults sup- port the movement. This was dem- onstrated by the large number who participated in the climate strike marches on September 20 and 27. Greta has created mass mobilisa- tion through her statements, actions in the public eye and intervention in the media. The movement’s objec- tive is not and cannot be to solve the climate crisis, but it has won a more immediate political success: a generalised and global awareness of the urgency of climate change. What Greta says and does already influ- ences political debates in various countries and first steps, although still tentative, are being taken to act on climate change. Without mobili- sation, this would not be happening. The European Green Party, which is active across the continent, is one of the main beneficiaries of adver- tising the strikes and protests of the climate movement. In Germany, for example, the Greens obtained 20.5% of the votes in the 2019 European elections, with 33% of the votes being that of people under the age of 30. The electoral behaviour of young people is not just an expression of their sympathy for the environmen- tal cause; it is also a reflection of the deep crisis that German social democracy is going through. The new climate movement has created a new political actor. They will need a lot of patience to con- tinue the campaign. The fascination with the novelty that is Greta and her personal magnetism will dimin- ish, as will the wave of sympathy. Traditional media and social media do not stick to the same story for long. Greta will return to school. Her generation has a lifetime ahead, but this movement should become an by public relations specialist Ingmar the more virulent the rejection from since the political class acts irrespon- ing economies such as India and example of democratic commitment. Rentzhog, who gave wide coverage to those who consider climate change sibly, it is up to the younger genera- Nigeria sufficient time to adapt their Hopefully, most young people will the school strikes in 2018. a conspiracy. The severity of reac- tions to take charge of their future infrastructure. say no to fatalism and resignation. On November 27 2018, the com- tions to a 16-year-old should make and do what adult politics should The main concern of the Fridays There will come a point when we pany announced it was issuing secu- us reflect. Some psychologists try to have done a long time ago. Young for Future movement is, therefore, become aware that environmental rities on the stock exchange and explain it by saying “old white men” people must understand what pre- that climate protection measures be issues cannot be resolved if we sepa- mentioned her name 11 times in its won’t change their attitudes towards vious generations have done with adapted in the widest, fastest and rate them from economic and social advertising brochure. Earlier this the environment and so attack climate change and respond to the most efficient way possible to achieve issues. year, she and her family said they Greta for her Asperger’s, her age and chaos they have inherited. They need the objective of limiting temperature In New York, at the headquar- are no longer in contact with the because of the apparent manipula- to ensure that their voices are heard. rise to 1.5°C — a limit established at ters of the UN, Greta has already company. tion of her activism. In all of her speeches, Greta makes the Conference on Climate Change taken steps in this direction when Others point to financier and But behind these criticisms there is it clear that if real and concrete that was held in Paris in 2015 (COP she said to the heads of states of the philanthropist George Soros and much more than the intransigence of measures are not taken to face the 21) and adopted by the UN. world: “How dare you! … We are at conspiracy theorists claim that a whole male generation. The attacks current situation, politicians will be These positions of the Fridays for the beginning of a mass extinction Greta is his granddaughter. She is may be a sign that she and other acting irresponsibly. She maintains Future movement do not seem to and all you can talk about is money not. Neither is she a member of the young people in the movement have that rich nations have a greater obli- question the system itself; they are and fairy tales of eternal economic Islamic State, as social media would hit a sensitive nerve: Is Greta ques- gation to reduce emissions quicker simply a call to reason and for fulfil- growth. How dare you!” have it. tioning the system? and that countries such as Sweden ment of objectives that have already What has happened with Greta in At the climate conference in should reduce their fossil fuel emis- been established. This is an edited version of an the last two years seems to suggest Katowice, Greta said political elites sions by 15% annually and reduce The power of persuasion of the article that was originally that the more popular and disrup- had not yet understood the severity their emissions to zero within six to movement comes from simply stat- published in Nueva Sociedad tive the climate movement becomes, of the climate crisis. She added that, 12 years. This would allow emerg- ing “what is happening”. It comes and Open Democracy 30 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 2019: The last days of liberalism Black rebels among the blue

As summer 2019 kicked in, the Democratic Alliance’s two most prominent black leaders resigned in a move many saw as pre-empting the house coup already under way. Bongani Madondo says the meltdown amid racial witch-hunting portends the beginning of the end of white liberalism itself

“This is what is really meant by keeping the Negro in his place: It is why white people, until today, are astounded and off ended if, by some miscalculation, they are forced to suspect you are not happy where they have placed you. In an attempt to dismiss the social reality (of the Negro) people fi nally say to you ‘But you are so bitter!’” — James Baldwin, The Cross of Redemption: Uncollected Writings

poet of profound compassion, a voice festooned with spiritual ache on one hand, and the most Awondrous of lilting cadences on the other, Don “Zinga” Mattera once wrote that “memory is a weapon”. The son of an Italian man — assigned the status of Shattered dreams: The press conference in October at which Mmusi Maimane (centre), who was recruited as a mascot of the blue wave, a white man in this country, and then based announced his resignation as Democratic Alliance leader. The next day he resigned from the party as well. Photo Delwyn Verasamy at Sophiatown’s Red Bus depot — and a Mot- swana domestic worker, Mattera would have a here was someone like me. Someone whose able. Love was for the privileged. Love was for but deeply persuasive. personal insight, experience even, about what dark skin and circumstances mirrored mine. whites. Love belonged in the Bible with a Jesus He was, in a sense, not alone in this: he was that meant, born, as it were, out of a love song, Someone who was not born with a silver spoon, with blond tresses and ol’ blue eyes. part of the centuries old amaQoboka (cosmopo- a marriage of the West and the South, of black yet got out of the proverbial “dusty streets”, How could we even love Mashaba when we lite, missionary-converted, and possibly the ear- and white. toiled sweat and blood, managing to kiss hardly saw him around? He was a “big man” liest black liberals in this country), cleaved by He would have had an acute understanding of capitalism in its most exponentially booming now, ensconced in his hair-manufacturing faith and orientation from their more radical, the condition, then, of being a complex young growth decade, smack on the lips. and distribution dream castle, a resident in the red-blanket kith, though never kin. I remem- African soul fl owered in Western Township and A man so astute, whip-smart and visionary glossy magazines we peered at until our pupils ber thinking about this when, a few years later, growing up in Sophiatown, twin black enclaves as to name his company “Black Like Me”. It became red and tears streamed down voluntar- Mashaba was miraculously plucked from politi- a mere stone’s throw from white Johannesburg was simply a power move. Mashaba named it ily. Ata Boy! cal obscurity and elected the executive mayor of and yet virtually nonexistent to the majority of as such, in the era when blackness — regard- Johannesburg with the help of the red-apparel- its otherwise well-meaning liberal dwellers. less of the fact that there is actually no person or decades I had forgotten about the vil- clad Economic Freedom Fighters. Aesthetically This is not about Mattera. It is about us: a coloured black, only variations of browns, reds, lage idol. Along the way, it also struck us and perhaps in temperament, you’ll never fi nd country he has devoted his deep love to, in the beiges, fawns — was still undergoing its psychic Fthat there were others who came before truer descendants of the amaQaba than the form of song, lyric, bitterest word-spit; for its wounding phase. and after Mashaba. EFF. unyielding insistence on the ethnic, class, gen- Where, then, did he source the audacity to Who can forget the stories of the great der and racial division of its children. name his company that? How did he know that Habakuk Shikwane, the cane furniture genius, few years later I was not surprised For Mattera, as for all poets worth their ink, the mere gesture of naming came burdened and his Afro-futurist architectural business to see Mashaba on a panel with then South Africa then and now is a beautiful but with symbolism? Why did he assume he, and premises, such as Afrispot, to drop but one ABusiness Day editor Songezo Zibi deeply scarred country worth dying for. Better only he, could inspire millions of us through the name? There was an embarrassment of riches and the Institute of Race Relations’ still, the country is an idea worth living for. treacherous process of naming? Devoid of love, of achievers, especially in the relatively middle- Anthea Jeffery. The two had hot books out Memory is the weapon? Like most people, I a sense of history, the act of naming can easily class Leboneng freehold settlement dotted, as it about the vagaries of black economic empower- do not always trust my memory. I do not always lapse into shaming. Did Mashaba know some- were, with the traditional bougie class. ment and that singularly South African theme: trust my memory, especially pertaining to the thing we didn’t? Fast-forward 30 years. As these things hap- How did Mandela’s country slide so soon into fl ighty, light trivialities of life: what our friends We loved him madly. We loved him like a pen, three years ago I was assigned to profi le the doghouse? But why was I on that panel? and families tend to remind us are the “happy dream. It was not even love. It is never una- Mashaba for this very publication. “Go hang P’haps they needed someone to balance out a moments”. dorned, unweighted love with us. It is heroism, with your homey,” was the editor’s brief. A panel populated by liberal thinkers? If so, some- I do not always trust my memory but on the grudging respect, fear, devotion, and all other stalker of black excellence, I pounced on it. one forgot to whisper to them that I, too, was week the Democratic Alliance began its spec- emotions and thoughts coursing through the We met at his family house in Athol. I was a lib, if not politically, at least ideologically. We tacular, its inevitable, road to political oblivion, central vein of love. surprised to fi nd it’s not a chateau in a maga- were all liberals and still are liberals, sometimes announced through the resignations of its Although we were born out of it, yearned for zine but a decent, well-decorated and art-fi lled mislabelled “progressives”. two most prominent black leaders, something it, were taught about house, in which real people and not rip-outs of Although it raises eyebrows still, to be black pricked my memory. It has everything to do it, and in our teens magazine-celebrity fi gures lived. and a liberal, even to be black and a radical with former Johannesburg mayor Herman whispered it to In the living room was a huge-ass piano; my humanist — which is not always synonymous Mashaba. That week, two months ago, it felt the opposite sex, unreliable memory wants me to recall it as a with being “a liberal” — is not as shocking as as if everything had to do with Mashaba. Even on its own, love Steinway. It was most probably a black baby- being black and soul’d-out on liberalism, an after he had resigned it felt as if Mashaba’s was unafford- grand Yamaha Clavinova. He played some aloof ideological mindset of the white elite. shadow hovers over us, still: smirkfully. Finger- tunes. He’s not bad. He’s not Tchaikovsky, The American all-purpose descriptor “demo- waggingly. Righteously. The either. We conversed about Marvin Gaye. High- crats” might be useful, here. The most potent, Terminator: fi ved about Motown’s soul. And yet the nagging nay, most dangerous aspect of the liberal phi- rowing up as a laaitie and running DA federal question persisted: How did a black man, even losophy, going back to John Stuart Mill — to around in the same Hammanskraal chairperson a supercapitalist like you, turn out to be a fun- 19th, 18th and 17th-century liberal philoso- Gvillages as Mashaba, who is a dec- Helen damentalist free-market exponent? phers such as the Egyptian Rifa’a al-Tahtawi ade older than me, all of us young Zille By the time I left, I had not drank the Kool- up to the Englishman John Locke — is, as an bucks looked up to him. We read about him; Aid of his neoliberal, capitalist beliefs. The poli- ideology and theological philosophy, with gen- dreamed about his improbable rise to the top. tics of small government and/or keeping the der and sexual politics et cetera, liberal poli- His story was, quite simply, improbably gor- government’s involvement minimal. Lovely on tics will always be varied, inherently mutative, geous. If Mashaba, or even more poignantly, paper. Bad faith, in practice. contradictory, deeply empowering, tragically his heartstrings-tugging tale, didn’t exist, it’d However, I could relate to the lessons of inadequate, and ultimately responsive to its hafta be invented. Here was one of us, someone inspiring and enabling the poor to alter time. To wit, like its often confused fi rst cousin, whose parents’ house we passed on any given their circumstances through entrepre- Marxism, it is also culture specifi c. day. A man whose relatives our mothers went neurship, education and getting poli- The panel was lovely, rowdy and quarrel- to church with. A distant big brother we never ticians off citizens’ backs to do as they some. With the headline, “At South African knew, whose nephews and nieces we went to wish within law. His politics were old- Literary Festival, Broaching Uncomfortable school with. style black conservative, often African Subjects”, that bastion of liberal traditions, The British soul diva Adele has an angel-rousing Christian conservative, pull yourself up New York Times, reported that a black writer ditty titled Someone Like You. In Mashaba, by the bootstraps politics — simplistic “looking at the audience attending a panel” Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 31 News bloods of liberalism

observed: “There are a lot of white faces here.” of its black supporters or vice-versa. Thanks to The reporter didn’t say whether the speaker its indefatigable, then former-president Helen said it with ferocious anger and bulging veins, Zille, nicknamed “The Terminator”, and her or, like Dave Chappelle sometimes, dropped the colonialism apologist tweets, the DA’s not- mic with a smile beaming from his face. “The so-hidden history of racism was, once again, audience laughed. Uneasily.” foregrounded. Looking back, it would seem as if that year It was not so long ago that the DA fought and that festival specifically was a watershed national elections with a double-entendre slo- moment. It is at that festival that on a panel gan, “Fight Back”, a too-clever-by-half message titled “Is Anger Underrated?” novelist Thando considering the country’s combustible sensitivi- Mgqolozana laid down the gauntlet and told ties about race. the audience: “I feel like an anthropological But instead of apologising, Zille doubled subject here and will never ever return here.” down and dug into her bottomless tote bag Elsewhere sparks flew. Malaika wa Azania, filled with all sorts of curious, 18th-century, Eusebius McKaiser and other “clever blacks” race-baiting nuggets. Earlier this year the upturned the race tables, if momentarily, party was duly punished, with its share of smashing exquisite porcelain to smithereens, the national vote declining from 22.23% to spilling the red blood of Jesus (wine) all over 20.77%. the host’s chambers. Time was up for that obnoxious notion of ots of political hokum, faux pas and being the only darkie at the dinner table — and plain old dagger-in-the-back dark more so for his drenched-in-gentility host. After Larts have happened within the DA, the day’s heated deliberations I bumped into of course: the Western Cape-based, Mashaba at one of the wealthy wine hamlet’s Xhosa-speaking Zille made a dramatic come- zhoozshy restaurants where the festival’s big- back in October this year when she pipped the gest party was afoot. Xhosa-fluent Athol Trollip from the Eastern Accompanied by his wife, Connie, and the Cape to snatch the position of federal council writer and activist Palesa Morudu, Mashaba chairperson. Mashaba who, with Maimane, was in a sparkling mood. Maybe he’s been had long distrusted Zille’s political ambi- touched by the book festival’s infectious zing, tions after her “retirement” and disdained her thought I. Conviviality reigned supreme. supremacist leanings, resigned from the City of Enamel-white teeth were bared. Hugs. Hello, Johannesburg in protest. duh-lee-ng, why, isn’t this year rather hot? The Thus spun the “guardian angels” of South place was on fire. So was Mashaba. Smooch, African liberalism. Harry Schwarz, even smooch. Wine glasses with slim, waif-like, Frederik van Zyl Slabbert and Joe Seremane, supermodel-tall stems kissed mid-air. and Steve Biko — whom she’s in the habit of Scanning the room, in that zippy- sharp and evoking — are spinning in their graves. silent way members of the tribe I’ll call Black- Mashaba was followed by Maimane, who Onlys are socially trained in — scanning not hoped a mini-commission he instituted to once but twice, thrice — I caught myself count- investigate the causes of the party’s decline in ing the number of black faces. We could not the 2019 national elections — probably under have been more than five. the impression that the results would point to I thought to point it out to Mashaba. Wrong Zille and the party’s opposition to honest dis- time. The man was palpably joy manifest. He cussion about race and class matters — would was excited about the DA, a party he had just exonerate him, but instead it lynched him out joined. I remember he was particularly pumped of the party. up about the then 35-year-old Mmusi Maimane, Maimane, the young black man who was who, a week earlier, had just been elected the parachuted, without experience, to window- leader of South Africa’s official opposition dress the DA into the future; Maimane who party, the DA. was recruited as a mascot of the blue wave — Prior to that Maimane had pipped a seasoned which, with the projected support of masses colleague to the party’s mayoral nomination of of “clever blacks” from the professional class, the City of Johannesburg. A Setswana/Sesotho fancied itself a government-in-waiting — was translation of the name “Mmusi” means “one lynched to save Zille’s skin. who rules” or simply “ruler”. Black Like Me: Herman Mashaba (above In other words: isn’t it too cute a coincidence It is a weird, little South African piece of his- and as a youngster, right) was the DA mayor that the party’s “leadership review report”, the torical trivia that a “boy” who grew up on the of Jo’burg for just over three years, until contents of which never pointed a single finger streets of Soweto; a “boy” who, by divinity or he left last month — in one of the most at Zille, dropped to coincide with her return to ancestral decree seem destined to be “a ruler”, dramatic gestures in recent South African active, national politics? pipped a colleague named Vasco da Gama on politics. Photo (top): Delwyn Verasamy Nah, c’mon, all these events just happened his way to city, then national prominence. Go out of the blue, right? figure! Ramaphosa as party leader, and by extension, What does all this mean for the South African first citizen of the country. In a period charac- liberal project? Globally, liberalism and its an,” Mashaba shoulder- terised by political theatricality, costumes and progressive and leftwards social-democratic bounced, before hugging me all, a social media boom, power cuts, a currency advances are under attack. Liberalism is not ‘Mplayfully with a strong, tight in tailspin, junk(yard) status from global rating only under attack from white supremacy or grip, “the writing is on the wall. agencies in the air, Nasrec 2017 proved to be Stalinist centralism: it is eaten from inside its It’s over. The DA is the party of the future. Come both a cliff-hanger and a voluble sigh, anticipa- gut by its right-wing constituency. join us, man. It is not a white party; you media tive of a thud-ful crush that never happened ... In South Africa one thing is clear: the DA will folks have it wrong. The DA is the future.” only a gradual descent. never again be a political force. With the slow Because of the oppressive din in the restaurant, By December 2017, everyone had known death of the custodian party of white privilege when he uttered, “the DA is the future, broer”, that the ANC had fully become a party of gang- weakest … The house of cards and white guilt, whiteness itself will do what it it felt like he was screaming. He was not. It was sters. It was also a party of hundreds of thou- built on the foundations of ANC capture by the does best: fortify itself into little laagers, oblivi- the venue’s acoustics. All eyes turned to us, and sands of “decent” members who were either Guptas is beginning to fall. The ANC is tearing ous to the fact that its enemy is right within. sharper ears caught his last evocations “party of maimed into silence, remained tone deaf or, itself apart in fits of factionalism as the fight South Africa needs a radical, honest, multi- the future, no doubt”. simply, were enthusiastically “unseeing” while for spoils rages unabated.” Nice touch. Poetic. dimensional party with staunch, 21st-century, Slightly more than a year later, on August 22 its leadership not only looted the country, but “House of cards built on capture … ” “Rages intersectional liberal resolve. A party — cer- 2016, Mashaba was sworn in as the executive also, even more treasonously, enabled foreign unabated.” tainly a grassroots-to-middle-class-aligned mayor of Johannesburg, a position his friend capture on a scale unseen since the halcyon It’s no secret that under former president movement — as committed to policy as it is to and now party boss had coveted just a year days of Mobutu Sese Seko and the oil pashas of Jacob Zuma and his merry bands of filthy hearing the cries and howls of the poor, black earlier. Exactly three years and a month later, Nigerian politics. pirates bloated with greed, lucre and avarice, people and women. Mashaba announced his resignation from both By pulling the country away from the edge of the ANC had stopped being a “broad church” A party for a changing country beset with party and the mayorship. the slippery cliffs overlooking the heart of dark- of ideological contestations, and had fully spirit-debilitating woes brought about by the It was simply one of the most earnest and ness South Africa has always been expected signed a Faustian pact with the devil. It would ANC and stubborn white privilege, in the last- yet dramatic boom-bye-byes in recent South — like its fellow African countries — to plunge not be long, though, before the devil was on quarter century of the sulky, often fatal dance. African political polity. A radical protest ges- into, the party managed to buy itself a tempo- the run and living it up in the “Hong Kong in Herman Mashaba’s once-beloved Democratic ture only a wealthy man or a black man who rary future and new Day-Glo. the desert”, Dubai, and Zuma and his cronies Alliance is clearly a party of the past. If my would not be shown his place would undertake. It also assigned its smaller but noisier politi- reduced to B-movie villains at the Zondo com- memory serves me well, my homey had lied to Twitter went apeshit, exploding in 280-charac- cal rivals and their schoolyard antics to near mission, which Zuma himself had played a role me. ter jeremiads. obscurity. Not so fast. Let’s wind the clock back in instituting. In truth, the DA has been on a slow spin, to six months before Nasrec 2017. Secondly, and according to the same issue Bongani Madondo is the author of Sigh, haemorrhaging supporters for more than a Writing in the Sunday Times op-ed section, of the Sunday Times in which Steenhuisen the Beloved Country (Picador Africa). year, mainly for two reasons. Firstly, in 2017 the DA’s then chief whip, John Steenhuisen, flexed his poetic gifts, the DA’s own internal He writes about poetry, photography the ANC elective conference elected Cyril crowed in an opinion piece: “The ANC is at its poll warned the party that it had lost the faith and power dynamics 32 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 2019: Continent of triumphs and tragedies It was another turbulent year for Africa. From revolutions to raging storms, peace prizes to power cuts, Africa for optimists

Ditching dinosaurs On February 6, President Abdelaziz Boutefl ika announced his intention to seek a fi fth term in offi ce. He had been in power since 1999. Less than two months later, his generals told him that he had no choice but to resign. In the interim, Algerians had taken to the streets in their millions to demand his exit. The demonstra- tions were largely peaceful, but they were relentless. The people made it clear that they had had enough of Boutefl ika’s corrupt and authoritar- ian rule, and the generals — fear- ful for their own futures — had no choice but to obey. It took the people of Sudan just a couple of months longer to get rid of President Omar al-Bashir, who had been in charge for a decade longer than Bouteflika. Protests against a rise in the fuel price in December 2018 morphed into a nationwide revolt against his rule. So deep was the public anger that al-Bashir’s gen- erals, too, forced him to step down. But the protesters did not stop there. Even in the face of horrific violence perpetrated by Sudanese armed forces, and specifically the Rapid Support Forces, they demanded substantive civilian rep- resentation in a transitional govern- ment. With the appointment of tech- nocrat Abdalla Hamdok in August, they got what they wanted. Neither the Algerian nor Sudanese Champions: Two weeks after Omar al-Bashir was deposed, Sudanese revolutions are yet secured, and both gather for a million-strong march for civilian rule (above). Kenyan countries only have to look to nearby Brigid Kosgei (left) set a new marathon record for women of Egypt to see how easily new dawns 2:14:04. Liberian lawyer Alfred Brownell (below) won the Goldman can be hijacked. So far, however, this environmental prize for his fight against palm oil companies, so new generation of activists and civil preventing the destruction of primary forest in one of the world’s society leaders have shown they are biodiversity hotspots. Photos: Ozan Kose/AFP & Quinn Harris wise to the tricks of the old guard who would subvert their will — and oil companies. In 2010, he won, sav- Kenya and did not start running seri- unafraid to return to the streets to ing some 208 000 hectares from ously until he had left school. reassert themselves. Activists every- deforestation, but was forced to fl ee On October 14, at the Chicago where else are taking note. the country shortly afterwards. Marathon, a Kenyan woman ran For Brownell, protecting forests is that same distance faster than any Strength in symbolic unity common sense. “When you go to bed other woman in history. Her name The agreement to establish the and are asleep, what is keeping you is Brigid Kosgei, and she fi nished the African Continental Free Trade Area alive when you breathe in and out? distance in 2:14:04. She has now set has been widely misunderstood. This It’s the oxygen from these trees. They her sights on breaking the 2:10:00 is a trade deal in theory only; a state- are actually giving us life. We have to barrier. Few would bet against her. ment of intent from African leaders protect them. The next time you step This has been another extraor- that yes, one day, a tariff -free Africa out of your house, please give a tree dinary year for African sporting would be a good idea. Few business a tender hug and remember this,” he accomplishment. Some other high- leaders expect any practical changes said. lights: South Africa’s national rugby in the trading environment within the objections of powerful unions offi ce has been characterised by high This year, Brownell was awarded team won the World Cup final in the next decade. before signing. levels of violence. It is far too early to the Goldman Environmental Prize, dominant fashion, brushing aside Although the agreement came into It is also significant that African know if his reforms will work. which is given to people who show the strongest English team in a gen- force on May 30 this year, with sig- leaders were able to present such a These are valid arguments. exceptional bravery in defence of the eration; the two best players in the natures from 54 African countries, united front. It is diffi cult to get 54 Nonetheless, Abiy is off ering some- natural world. He is planning to keep world’s best football team on cur- there are few binding obligations countries to agree on anything, let thing different to any other leader fi ghting for forests that cannot fi ght rent form, Liverpool, are African and the really thorny subjects have alone something as potentially divi- on the African continent, and pos- for themselves. As the eff ect of the (Egypt’s Mo Salah and Senegal’s yet to be negotiated. As the Mail & sive as a free trade area. This bodes sibly even the world. His dramatic climate emergency makes itself Sadio Mané); the Toronto Guardian reported: “The protocols well for how the continent will be rollback of aspects of Ethiopia’s felt, he is the kind of hero that Raptors basketball team, on competition policy and intellec- able to address some of the grave authoritarian state will define his the continent needs. with its Senegalese presi- tual policy have yet to be agreed; nor cross-border problems — migration, country for generations to come; dent and core of African is there any accord on rules of ori- climate change and confl ict — that it and his reforms are, broadly, trend- We are the champions players, surprised eve- gin, the criteria to determine where is facing. ing towards greater openness and On October 12, a human ryone to become the first a product is actually from. These are democratisation. In a world that being, powered by non-American team to win usually among the most contentious Divisive Nobel peace prize appears to be moving towards closed nothing other than the NBA Championship; areas of any free trade negotiation, so When the Nobel committee awarded borders and greater autocracy, this is his own body, and Zozibini Tunzi expect plenty of contention to come.” its peace prize to Ethiopia’s Prime worth applauding. ran 42.2km from South Africa Yet despite its clear shortcomings, Minister Abiy Ahmed, it cited “his in a time of was crowned Miss there is still plenty to celebrate in eff orts to achieve peace and interna- Give a tree a hug 1:59:40. The Universe 2019. the passing of the agreement. Even tional co-operation, and in particu- For nearly a decade, Alfred Brownell name of Yes, we know that at a symbolic level, it is signifi cant lar, his decisive initiative to resolve has been in exile in the United States. the person sport is never going that African leaders are pushing for the border confl ict with neighbour- The Liberian lawyer made an enemy respon- to solve deeper greater integration — especially at ing Eritrea”. of his government — and power- sible for societal prob- a time when the rest of the world Critics said the award came too ful corporations — when he fought this, one of lems (no matter seems to be moving towards greater early. For all Abiy’s spectacular, against plans to replace invaluable history’s most what the makers isolationism. For some leaders, this headline-grabbing reforms — freeing rainforest with palm oil plantations. remarkable feats of Invictus would commitment came at a political cost. political prisoners, abolishing con- He took that fi ght all the way to the of athleticism, is have us believe). In Nigeria, for example, President trols on independent media, open- Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil, Eliud Kipchoge. But, damn, it feels Muhammadu Buhari had to expend ing the borders with Eritrea — he is an international body that offers a He was born in a good to win. serious political capital to overrule young and untested and his time in fair trade-like certifi cation for palm village in western Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 33 News Simon Allison rounds up the year’s most encouraging news stories and alarming headlines ... and for pessimists

Climate change is here “Violence and civil unrest in the During South Africa’s general elec- week have led to the suspension of tions in May, the climate crisis was Ebola response activities in some notable for its almost total absence areas of Beni, Butembo and Oicha from public debate. Leaders were not health zones ... The disruptions to talking about it, and voters were not the response and the lack of access raising concerns. This silence was to Ebola-affected communities almost unfathomable, given the con- are threatening to reverse recent siderable effect that extreme weather progress.” is having on the region. Some of this violence has been tar- The highest-profile extreme geted at health facilities and medi- weather event was Cyclone Idai, cal personnel — the very people who which, at the time, was the most are supposed to be helping. Some severe tropical storm to make land- local people are suspicious of their fall in Mozambique. More than motives, and feel that they can trust 1 000 people were killed in three neither their own government nor countries: Mozambique, Malawi the international organisations. Who and Zimbabwe. The United Nations can blame them, after decades, if not described it as perhaps the worst centuries, of exploitation, abuse and natural disaster in the history of the misrule? Southern Africa. In the absence of trust, it does It was followed, just a month later, not matter how effective the ebola by Cyclone Kenneth, which, although vaccine is. And once lost, how can it caused fewer fatalities, was an even authorities regain this trust? stronger storm. What the twin cyclones demon- Conflict on the rise strated is how unprepared Southern The Armed Conflict Location and African governments are to deal with Event Data Project maintains the extreme weather. Relief efforts were Extreme: Buildings were flooded in Beira, Mozambique, when Cyclone Idai made landfall. The cyclone went on most comprehensive database of largely left to international organisa- to cause damage in Malawi and Zimbabwe. Photo: Mike Hutchings/Reuters conflict incidents around the world. tions and to local people themselves. Its figures for the African continent Basic services in major cities such show a disturbing increase in the as Beira disappeared overnight and number of conflict incidents on the took months to restore, if at all. continent. Across the continent, meteorolo- As of December 7 this year, there gists are recording increases in floods were 22 063 recorded incidents. For and droughts, with a corresponding the same period in 2018, that num- negative effect on food production ber stood at 16 314 incidents. That is and power generation. Biologists are an increase of 5 749 incidents. warning that plant and animal spe- It is not hard to see which situa- cies are disappearing at an unprece- tions may account for the rise. It has dented rate and rapid desertification been a bad year for Burkina Faso, is making more and more of Africa’s where Islamist armed groups have land uninhabitable, forcing people to increased their activity this year; and move into other areas where they are for Mozambique, where the insur- rarely welcomed. gency in Cabo Delgado shows no None of this is unique to Africa. But sign of slowing down (and still no what is unique is that the continent one is entirely sure who is driving does not yet have the resources or the violence). Conflict has continued skills in place to bounce back from cli- in Cameroon, the Central African mate-related catastrophe. This must Republic, the DRC, Mali, Nigeria, change, and fast. Under current pro- Somalia and South Sudan. jections of temperature increases — a Reflecting on this trend, the 4°C rise — most of the continent will International Committee of the be an uninhabitable desert, says the Red Cross’s Africa director, Patricia New Scientist. Which makes it clear Danzi, observed recently: “Conflicts that we do not have time to waste. last and they don’t stop. And more are added.” Ethiopia’s Pandora’s Box In the space of a single week in late Power of internet closure October, at least 67 people were killed In January, when it was in the midst during widespread anti-government Flare-up: The outbreak of Ebola of a brutal and wide-ranging crack- protests in Ethiopia. The violence in the DRC (above) is plagued by down against all forms of opposition, came at an awkward time for Prime violence. There have been 390 the Zimbabwean government shut Minister Abiy Ahmed: it was just attacks on health facilities and down the internet. With a flick of a weeks after he had been announced health workers have been killed. switch, all electronic communica- as winner of the 2019 Nobel peace One of the first steps Ethiopia’s tions — with the exception of voice prize. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed calls — were suspended. This is the central contradiction took was to unban opposition The shutdown had two major of Abiy’s rule. He has been praised parties. People celebrate (left) consequences. The first was that it for opening up political space, for the return of Berhanu Nega, became much harder to organise releasing the shackles from a his- leader of Ginbot 7, after years resistance. The second was that news torically authoritarian state. He has in exile. But violence has of what was going on in Zimbabwe done most of the things that rights returned to the country. — perhaps the worst bout of violence groups and pro-democracy cam- Photos: Yonas Tadesse/AFP in a decade — filtered out slowly paigners could have wanted, from & John Wessels/AFP and without much urgency. It cer- freeing political prisoners and over- tainly did not receive the attention it hauling the security sector to lifting ing the outbreak in the Democratic deserved, and that is because most of restrictions on independent media. Republic of the Congo (DRC). the people who would usually raise And yet, despite all these laudable Despite all this knowledge, how- the alarm were silenced. reforms, Ethiopia is more unstable ever, the outbreak has not been In other words, the internet shut- and more violent than it was prior to The answer to this question will freedoms, are not applicable in an contained. Since August 1 last year, down worked. him taking office. reverberate far beyond the country’s African context. there have been a total of 3 324 cases Other countries that have experi- Ethiopia feels like it is at an borders. For one thing, Ethiopian recorded, including 2 206 deaths and mented with switching off the inter- inflection point. Can Abiy calm stability is central to stability in the Ebola and absence of trust 1 087 survivors. Seven new cases were net this year include Cameroon, the tensions that his reforms have Horn of Africa. For another, should Ebola is not a mysterious illness. recorded in the week of November Chad, the DRC, Ethiopia, Gabon unleashed? Or, will Ethiopia, in the Abiy fail, then it will strengthen Scientists know how the virus works, 18 to 24, which is the latest available and Sudan. Expect this number to absence of the state’s heavy hand, the argument of those who believe and how to prevent it from spread- data. increase as authoritarian leaders fracture into its multiplicity of con- that the values he professes, such ing. There is even a vaccine, which The World Health Organisation’s realise that the relative anarchy of stituent parts? as democratisation and political has been widely distributed dur- situation report for that week says: the online world can be tamed. 34 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 2019: A dire state of play Protea implosion – What do

The past year has been CSA’s annus horribilis. The Proteas’ on-field performance was dismal but it’s the behind-the-scenes machinations of the administrators that have truly damaged the sport Niren Tolsi Test retirement. He was determined outh Africa’s 3-0 Test to guide the Proteas through what series reverse in India in seems an increasingly fraught pro- October felt as if the Pro- cess of rebuilding. But he appeared Steas woke up every morn- to be taking strain; feeling the pres- ing to find an intruder’s sure of what was unfolding on the turd on their pillows and a grinning field, but also something beyond his opposition player wiping their bot- control — machinations much fur- toms with the bed sheet. ther away that were, nevertheless, Wait. Hold up. Let’s rewind a few immediately affecting the team. decades to CLR James, who him- India has the highest amount self rewinds a few centuries to the of untreated faecal matter in the ancient Greeks, in the essay What Do world. Yet, the stench of administra- Men Live By? In his critical response tive explosion back home at Cricket to Leon Trotsky’s argument that the South Africa (CSA), would soon over- workers were deflected from politics power any pungency around that by sport — in which James insists country’s cricket grounds. “with my past I simply could not accept that” — the Trinidadian notes ince the Proteas’ return the regard with which the Greeks from the subcontinent, rev- held their Olympic champions. Selations of poor governance; That “most politically minded and the CSA board’s inability to intellectually and artistically the perform basic fiduciary duties; pro- most creative of all peoples”, James jected losses of R654-million over A sticky wicket: (clockwise continues, recognised the “notable four years for the organisation; the from top left) Proteas distinction” conferred upon their city withdrawal of Standard Bank which captain Faf du Plessis (left) by the returning hero. “His victory were the title sponsors for the men’s and former coach Ottis was a testament to the quality of the national team to the tune of about Gibson had a tough time citizens. All the magnates of the city R100-million a year; last year’s with- at the World Cup; CSA chief welcomed him home in civic proces- drawal of Momentum as title spon- executive Thabang Moroe sion. They broke down a part of the sors of the women’s team; insinua- was suspended earlier this wall for him to enter: a city which tions of administrative interference month; South African fans could produce such citizens had no in playing matters; alleged credit supporting the Proteas; and need of walls to defend it.” card abuse by officials; woefully Dean Elgar (left)celebrates Fast-forward from antiquity to incompetent attempts to restruc- after scoring a century day three of South Africa’s first Test ture the domestic game; a farcical during the first Test vs India against India in Visakhapatnam and search for a permanent director of in October, which was pretty the Proteas had heroes for whom cricket; the last ditch appointment much the highlight of that walls deserved to be broken down. of former Test captain Graeme Smith tour. Photos: Noah Seelam/AFP, Dean Elgar (160 off 287 balls) and (as director of cricket) and former Shaun Roy/Gallo Images, Quinton de Kock (111 off 163 balls) Test wicketkeeper Mark Boucher Matt King/Getty Images and had suggested that South Africa (as national mens’ team coach) as a Ishara S Kodikara/AFP still had the guts and determination shot of good news that deflected pub- to put up a fight against India. A lic ire demanding the board resign; as he shuffled out the door — some- berth at least, with a 72% win ratio stances — managing workloads and demonstrable backbone despite the the demotion of Enoch Nkwe from thing he did not mention in CSA’s since September 2018 across all for- injuries — had affected these targets. valid argument calling for patience the team’s acting technical director 2018-2019 annual integrated report mats. They had won five of the six “Linda [Zondi, the then chairper- because the Proteas were a green- to Boucher’s assistant; the finalisa- — and three more officials were sub- ODI series played over that time, son of selectors] was not consulted horn side in a transitional phase, tion of a Test selection panel less sequently suspended: financial man- beating Sri Lanka and Australia [about the decision], Ottis had no playing in a most difficult of coun- than two weeks before a home series ager Ziyanda Nkuta, procurement away and Zimbabwe, Pakistan and idea and the impression created tries to tour and against, arguably, against England (et cetera ad nau- manager Lundi Maja and adminis- Sri Lanka at home. was that the selectors could not be the best Indian Test side of all time. seum) have all undermined the cred- trator Dalene Nolan. Tellingly, only But things fell apart, in no small trusted on transformation. Ottis By day four in Visakhapatnam ibility of South African cricket. one of the non-independent direc- part because of the uncertainty cre- phoned Chris to express his concerns South Africa had chipped away at The withdrawal of media accredi- tors (the cricket bosses on the board), ated within the team and apparent and the decision was overturned, but India’s first innings total of 502 tation of five cricket writers who had the Gauteng Cricket Board’s Jack kow-towing by the CSA board to this led to the relationship between declared and scored 431 all out. asked uncomfortable, yet perfectly Madiseng, understood to be an ally interests outside those of the Proteas Thabang and Ottis breaking down There was grit and there was fight. normal, journalistic questions about of Moroe, has resigned. and their success at the tournament. completely and the contract offer Walls were broken, hope sprung and how the game was being run, under- This administrative turmoil has According to a confidential team being withdrawn,” said the source. there was the suggestion that more lined CSA’s autocratic instincts and affected the Proteas’ performance in management report submitted to the The uncertainty about Gibson’s heroes would be celebrated. caused a public furore. 2019, especially at the Cricket World board, the team was destabilised by future added to the instability in Then, for the rest of the series, After a meeting of the CSA Cup (CWC) in England in May and the withdrawal of an offer to extend the dressing room. The players were South Africa’s top-order batsmen board on December 6 and 7 it was June, according to documents the coach Ottis Gibson’s contract for already unhappy about the ongoing were often castled by India’s quicks announced that the organisation’s Mail & Guardian has seen. another year. Gibson was notified stand-off between Saca and CSA over or their spinners. While the tail chief executive Thabang Moroe has The past year has been South of this on the day the team left for the latter’s proposed restructuring of wagged, no one appeared to be man- been suspended on full pay. Moroe’s African cricket’s annus horribilis. England, according to documents domestic cricket to replace six fran- ning the Proteas’ defences — and as suspension followed the November A first Test series loss to Sri Lanka the M&G has seen. chises with 12 provincial ones. The the ensuing innings defeats in Pune suspensions of acting director of at home (0-2) was followed by the proposed move is being challenged and Ranchi confirmed, every day’s cricket Corrie van Zyl (who was nev- Proteas’ worst performance ever at his appeared to fray the in court, with Saca arguing it will morning brought home only the ertheless interviewed for permanent a Cricket World Cup, with the team already fractured relation- lead to job losses among cricketers misery of a proud cricketing nation appointment to this position), com- losing five of its first seven matches Tship between the players and and a dilution of talent in the upper humiliated while it slept. The invad- mercial manager Clive Eksteen and (the match against the West Indies the board. A source intimate echelons of the domestic game. ers had waltzed through the holes chief financial officer Naasei Appiah. was washed out) to exit the tourna- with the process told the M&G that According to the team manage- in the walls, nicked the family heir- They were apparently suspended ment before achieving late, dead- this was considered by those close to, ment report, the “Saca/CSA dis- looms and defecated on our beds. because of unpaid image rights rubber victories against Sri Lanka and in the team, as a punitive meas- pute shortly before the [World Cup] As the Test series ground towards to players for the marketing of and Australia in the group stages. ure against Gibson, allegedly insti- tournament commenced was both its inevitable conclusion the effects the Mzansi Super League (MSL) The team had gone into the tour- gated by Moroe. untimely and unfortunate. As much of the losses on the players were — a move that the South African nament as favourites for a semifinal This was after Gibson, Du Plessis as we tried to downplay the dispute, increasingly palpable. Dejection set Cricketers’ Association (Saca) had and team manager Dr Mohammed it affected the team space.” in; likewise the sense that not eve- criticised, arguing that following Moosajee had approached CSA presi- Another issue was the inability to rything was right in South African its interactions with CSA, it was dent Chris Nenzani with an objec- manage players’ workloads, espe- cricket and that the malaise extended clear the buck actually stopped with “The board sabotaged tion about a board decision made on cially during the Indian Premier well beyond the boundary of the Moroe, who was alleged to have not us [at the Cricket February 1 to give the chief execu- League (IPL), which preceded the cricket oval and into the boardroom. signed off on the payments. World Cup] with their tive final say on team selection. The World Cup. Kagiso Rabada exacer- Captain Faf du Plessis, an empa- In the week before CSA’s December board had apparently expressed bated a back injury, while Du Plessis thetic leader and a consistently hon- board meeting two of its five inde- decisions. Players unhappiness about the national and wicketkeeper-batsman Quinton ourable man, had insisted he would pendent directors, Shirley Zinn and were at increased team not reaching its transforma- de Kock played all the way to the not follow contemporaries like Iqbal Khan, resigned. Khan made tion targets. Team management had finals, despite requests by team man- Hashim Amla and Dale Steyn into noises about irregular credit card use risk of injuries” argued that extenuating circum- agement for their early return. Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 35 News SA’s cricketing men live by?

had a background in cricket, so we MSL. Now, Saca claims CSA’s pro- pushed back,” said Arendse. jected losses are closer to R1-billion “It’s natural that we had differ- over four years, almost double what ences of opinion and when things CSA has publicly announced. were referred to the social and eth- This year, the MSL attracted shirt ics committee [chaired by Pikoli] sponsors for all the franchises only they almost invariably found in our after it had already started. CSA had favour. We developed a strong cul- initially agreed to have SuperSport as ture of questioning things, whether “equity partners” in a “joint venture” it was selection or revenues, and this before a fall-out earlier this year saw filtered through to the non-inde- them part ways and the broadcast pendent directors, who found the rights given to the SABC. oomph to ask questions. We had a Having carried the costs of two robust, strong culture of accountabil- MSL tournaments without a title ity, transparency and oversight,” said sponsor and a broadcasting deal with Arendse, who resigned as an inde- the SABC, which Nenzani told the pendent director in 2018. M&G did not cover all the costs, CSA is building debt rather than building his oversight and account- towards profit. This makes CSA ever ability — together with an more beholden to ICC hand-outs Texperienced chief executive and the whims and fancies of the in Haroon Lorgat — had BCCI, which intends being increas- realised a “golden period” in South ingly aggressive about rights, money African cricket, Arendse believes. and fixture programming under new “If you look at that period, Haroon president Sourav Ganguly. was bringing in big sponsorship, like On December 7 Nenzani told the the R100-million a year deal with M&G that although the SABC deal Standard Bank. The South African was not lucrative, it allowed cricket Test side was stable — always num- to reach audiences it would not nor- ber one, number two or number mally do and “democratise” the sport. three in the world — [and] unde- Lorgat described the SABC deal as feated for a very long period away a “get out of jail card”. “You could from home. Administratively, we ran have still had it broadcast on both a very tight ship,” he said. SABC and SuperSport. SuperSport But these oversight strengths have understand it is not in their best been eroded during Moroe’s tenure. interest to monopolise cricket com- A new memorandum of incorpora- pletely and instead of having, hypo- tion rubber-stamped by the board thetically, a R100-million broadcast allows for more non-independ- … the parties could have agreed on a ent directors to be included on it. discounted R80-million with selected Cricket administrators Donovan games simultaneously screened May and Madiseng were appointed on SABC. SuperSport understands in February, and Angelo Carolissen this and it currently exists in CSA’s joined in September last year. The international media rights deal with effect, according to people like SuperSport,” he said. Arendse, was to dilute the independ- The board certainly used several ent-mindedness of the CSA board. get out of jail cards at the press con- This meant a return to provincial ference on December 7 after it closed interests taking precedence over the ranks and threw Moroe under the interests of the game, development at bus. The announcement of the pos- grassroots level and the smooth func- sibility of securing former Proteas tioning of the national men’s and captain Graeme Smith as the next women’s national team, say cricket director of cricket (confirmed on a insiders. “The smaller provinces three-month deal the next week) and have formed a bloc, which props that respected administrator Jacques up Nenzani and Moroe, keeping Faul would act as chief executive them in power while they look after with the assistance of former South these small unions,” said one cricket African Test wicketkeeper and ICC insider. “How else do you explain the chief executive Dave Richardson was inexplicable decision to broaden the merely “misdirection”, according According to the management the tournament — we were never the recommendations of the com- franchise pool to 12 teams?” to Arendse. “They’ve made the right report, the team had “made a request going to win it like that.” mission of inquiry into untoward It has also allowed power to be noises to appease the public, but they for key Proteas players to return Noting the pre-tournament inju- bonuses paid to CSA officials after concentrated around Moroe and have not done the honourable thing: home early from the IPL for a period ries to fast-bowlers Anrich Nortje South Africa hosted the 2009 IPL. Nenzani at a time when those who accepted accountability for the mess of rest and rejuvenation before the and Lungi Ngidi, and the ongoing The commission chairperson, work, or have recently worked, at they have created and resigned.” CWC, similar to what CA [Cricket injury concerns about Rabada and retired judge Chris Nicholson, had CSA complained to the M&G about It is a view echoed by Saca, which, Australia] and ECB [England Cricket Steyn, who eventually had to with- recommended a smaller board with nepotism and cronyism abounding after the press conference, again Board] did. This request was turned draw from the tournament, former a majority of members being inde- in the organisation. Cricketing insid- called for the CSA board to resign. down by the IPL/BCCI [Board of CSA president Norman Arendse said: pendent, professionally skilled, non- ers have described Moroe as some- Lorgat agreed. “Every director has Control for Cricket in India] and was “In September last year Ottis Gibson executive directors. This would have one without the administrative expe- to answer some serious questions … not supported by CSA.” was boasting about his quartet of been in keeping with CSA’s section rience required to run CSA and “who How did they allow this to happen? A former CSA employee told the fast-bowlers who would win South 21 company status and ensured best seems to spin himself out of any situ- How do you explain this crisis situ- M&G that the decision not to recall Africa the World Cup, but the inju- corporate practices, he argued. ation, sometimes believing his own ation where relationships with your players early was made because CSA ries affected our performance.” Previously, all 11 presidents of the spin”. All this was done under the players is in trouble, your relation- had been pressured by the BCCI and Earlier this month, Arendse wrote affiliate unions sat on the CSA board, guise of “narrow Black Africanism”, ship with the media is in trouble, offered a few more ODIs, which have an open letter to CSA calling for together with independent direc- said one former employee. your relationship with sponsors is in yet to be included in the future tours Moroe, Nenzani and the board to tors. Nicholson’s recommendations Lorgat said Nenzani was “excel- trouble and on top of this you are fac- programme of the International take responsibility for the crisis in sought to install more independent lent at the beginning when he first ing serious financial trouble?” Cricket Council (ICC). South African cricket. directors, who would provide fiduci- became president. He was ethical, he All this while the Proteas rebuild The decision to “allow/force key From 2013 Arendse and former ary oversight and “steer clear of con- did things properly but at some point a team shorn by retirement of its players (Du Plessis, Rabada & De director of public prosecutions Vusi flicts of interests of individual share- a switch appears to have gone off and established stars and prepare for a Kock) to stay at the IPL till the end” Pikoli had served as independent holders”. Nicholson considered these now he is simply clinging onto power four-Test series with England under led to insufficient rest and recov- directors on the CSA board following conflicts to include the narrow pro- — for what? Surely it can’t be for the a new coaching regime for the sec- ery time for players and a “delayed vincialism and parochial interests of fees and ICC meeting allowances, ond time this year — less than 12 and then truncated camp” prior to affiliate unions, which he had red- which is about $500 per day?” months ago the board had decided to the team leaving for the World Cup, flagged as part of the problem lead- The issue of money, and CSA’s keep Gibson and his team on. according to the management report. “Every director has to ing to the lack of oversight in relation haemorrhaging of money has been So far, the South African public has “The board sabotaged us with their answer some serious to the IPL bonus scandal. an open wound at the organisation received very little by way of account- decisions,” said a source close to the questions … How “Chris [Nenzani] was always a very over the past two years. ability or answers as to the problems team. “Players were at increased risk strong personality and quite arro- According to Lorgat, CSA had more that have beset South African cricket of injuries, in fact, seven out of the did they allow this to gant. He showed signs of having an than R1-billion in the bank when he this year. But in the silence and mis- 15 player squad picked up injuries happen? How do you autocratic streak during my time as resigned after the postponement of direction, we do have a better under- before or during the World Cup and an independent director, but we had the mooted Global T20 league, which standing of what these cricketing this number increased to 12 during explain this crisis?” strong independent directors who all has since metamorphosed into the men live by. 36 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 NewsSport The couch potato’s guide to sports

If you can’t make it dreams, it might be time to change the channel. Begrudgingly, one to the playing fields, must admit that Australia is offer- don’t stress out. There’s ing a decent show. They begin their second Test in a series against New plenty of entertainment Zealand on Boxing Day as the David to be found on the box Warner/Steve Smith redemption story marches on to its next locale. Given that it began on our shores Luke Feltham & Eyaaz Matwadia it almost feels as though we’re pro- tagonists in the tale — or perhaps Cricket we’re just confounded about how It doesn’t feel very ethical, but the South Africa are the ones so much Proteas are playing England at a time worse off nearly two years after when Cricket South Africa (CSA) has #SandpaperGate and the duo’s let everyone down and our players cheating. are picking up the shards of their If that is too depressing, well, you shattered confidence. Still, loving can always watch the “438 game” to punishment as we do, most of us will bring back some festive cheer. It’s watch anyway. Eskom permitting. easy to find online and sports chan- Driving home in the rain two nels air it from time to time. What we weeks ago, slightly peeved after would give for South African cricket watching CSA president Chris to make a comeback of that magni- Nenzani take up a Saturday after- tude right now. noon parrying off his responsibility, it was easy for the mind to wander Premier League and reminisce on the sunnier days of It’s at the cost of ceaseless cries that cricket. you get to enjoy a December chock A year ago it was Pakistan that we full of Premier League action. Every invited to share in our festivities. year we have to listen to one or And then, like now, the tour began at another British rent-a-pundit yabber SuperSport Park. on about how desperately the world’s There are few places better to Winners and losers: Kagiso Rabada (above) continues to be relied upon and Liverpool (below) is almost most watched football competition watch a Test match in the country. certain to take the Premier League trophy. Photos: Shaun Botterill & Laurence Griffiths/Getty Images needs a Christmas break. You know, With its spacious embankment, the like how the Germans do it. It’s hurt- place really does live up to its name What it means for the present is ing the teams in the Champions and is not overwhelmed by concrete. that we’re less likely to get the kind League, they say. It’s why England Huge trees cover the braai area and of thrill that would have us spitting always suck at the Euros. Harry Kane the surroundings — you can take a our mince pies onto the living room. would have won the Ballon D’or if he nap under their shade should you Not impossible, just not highly likely. weren’t so knackered. Et cetera. take on too much beer, or too many At best, the Proteas could field a But you don’t care about any of wors rolls. Time seems to falter as foursome almost as fierce as a year that do you? More football means one ball turns into another and the ago. Rabada, the undisputed leader, more excuses not to play Boggle with Gautrain hypnotically whooshes by. and Philander remain. Ngidi has Grandma. Just make sure you don’t Had you missed the live experience returned and Anrich Nortje has the buy any Christmas video games for last year, there was still a show to be potential to be equally deadly. In the- the kids because you’re going to be enjoyed on television. Although not ory everything is dandy. needing the TV. the most enthralling match, or series The problem is we don’t live in Liverpool have the chance to for that matter, it was devilishly theory. Rabada has been pumped of become world champions this entertaining watching the Proteas every gram of his sweat and we await December. They will duel it out for beat down on their opponents. Even the toll of being asked to carry the that honour in the Club World Cup on a screen, the Pakistani distress team. Philander and Ngidi will prob- — another competition not short of was palpable; the sun blazed on their ably be coddled to varying degrees to criticism for its inconvenient sched- brows and fast balls threatened their keep them fit. And questions remain uling and, arguably, low stakes that craniums. The Proteas essentially about whether Nortje can consist- end with getting a shiny badge to bullied the batters into submission, healthy and bullish. Each player’s reason you went to the grounds, or ently operate at an elite level — see increase shirt sales. Still, Jürgen paralysing them at the crease and overs carried a baseline of intensity, flicked the channel to cricket. the India Test series for reason for Klopp has taken a strong squad to not allowing them a moment to con- ensuring the bombardment didn’t That moment would reveal itself as scepticism. Qatar and they will meet Brazilians sider how to get out of their pickle. relent. Olivier would still find a a fleeting one. Olivier would sacrifice Should we get the worst of those Flamengo in the final this Saturday. What we were watching was an way to stand out, taking 11 wickets his promising international career circumstances it’s going to be a long On their return, we commence exciting moment for South African in Centurion and 24 overall in the for a county deal while Steyn realised few days in the sun. Or on the couch. pondering the quintessential ques- bowling. Duanne Olivier, Kagiso series. Factor in the inspiring debut that retirement is the only way to Should it be the latter and you find tion of the holiday period: Can Rabada, Dale Steyn and, for the next of Lungi Ngidi a few months earlier rest muscles that have given so much yourself staring at the empty wall Liverpool continue their march to two games, Vernon Philander — all and the glut of pacers became the for the cause over the years. instead of the 55-inch box of broken the league title without slipping up? This festive season share the love! Get 2 print subscriptions to the Mail & Guardian for the price of 1

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Ones to watch: Frankie Edgar will take on Chan Sung Jung, The Korean Zombie (left). Moruti Mthalane beat Masayuki Kuroda (right) and will now face Akira Yaegashi. Chelsea, under coach Frank Lampard (below), face two big games – against Tottenham Hotspur and Arsenal. Photos: Charly Triballeau & Adrian Dennis/AFP

It’s been a romp so far and the long performance and evade detection. wait for a Premier League trophy Fogel decides to take drugs to com- looks to finally be over. The only side pete in an amateur cycling race and capable of entertaining fantasies links up with Grigory Rodchenkov, about catching them are Leicester the director of Moscow’s Anti- City, who are setting up their Boxing Doping Centre, who helps him break Day date at the Kingpower Stadium all the rules. Rodchenkov oversaw as the most important match of the doping in Russian sports, includ- season, let alone the month. A few ing the 2012 London Olympics. The years ago that would have felt like Russian doctor eventually blew the asking for a Christmas miracle but whistle on a state-sponsored doping now it just feels like a normal con- scheme that had been going on for versation. That’s how good Leicester decades. have become. News update: Earlier this month The bad news — at least for those the World Anti-Doping Agency of us not affiliated to the Reds — is banned Russia from hosting and that the race for first can be written competing in all major sporting off should the Foxes lose. No one- events for the next four years. point difference hustle this season. Fortunately, there remain a num- Calum von Moger: Unbroken ber of interesting subplots that will This one is for aspiring bodybuilders carry on well into the new year. or even if you just enjoy lifting a few Chelsea, for one, need to figure out weights now and then. This docu- if they’re brilliant or hopeless. The mentary might motivate you to get young squad have offered equal back on the bench. quantities of both under Frank Calum von Moger won two Mr Lampard and would do well to find Universe titles and became an a base level of consistency to secure a instant star after being compared top four spot. with Arnold Schwartzenegger. He Key to that journey of enlight- least worst and which formerly great rematch. He claims he is focused on in sport in the past year, particularly might have been on his way to sur- enment will be two big games team can cling to fourth place — the Korean Zombie and has admit- in Japan. passing the Austrian, but a bicep tear over the next two weeks. First up, makes Christmas watching worth- ted that this fight is no joke — that brought his world crashing down. new Tottenham Hotspur coach while. It will hurt if you support a is when he is not chasing a fight Documentaries His comeback, which is what this José Mourinho is salivating at the team that used to win trophies, or against Conor McGregor. Edgar Keane & Vieira: Best of Enemies documentary is about, is inspiring. thought of a groggy Blues rocking even matches, at a consistent rate. has been stirring the pot hop- Manchester United vs Arsenal used It also explores how passion about up on his doorstep. The Portuguese’s But football support makes lit- ing McGregor will react but, until to be the symbol of excellence in something can help a person over- idea of a perfect gift is getting one tle sense. So sit back and watch the now, the Irishman has ignored the the late 1990s and early 2000s. As come depression. It’s almost like lis- over any of his former teams and goals (and there will be goals because cries and looks set to battle Donald the decade turns and they face each tening to an Eminem song, except he will whip his current lot as hard nobody seems to have a defence). Cerrone in January. other on New Year’s Day, the fixture that this documentary runs for more as it takes to achieve this. Add in the now occupies a bar just above medi- than 90 minutes. But it is certainly resentment that has been simmer- For the fighters IBF flyweight title ocrity. What’s worse is that the fire worth a watch. ing over the past few years between UFC Fight Night 165 South Africa’s 2019 sportsman of the and passion has left these fixtures. these two and things are going to get The Ultimate Fighting Champion- year Moruti Mthalane defends his This documentary takes you back And We Go Green messy. This is not to be missed. ship’s main events take a break International Boxing Federation fly- to when Roy Keane and Patrick There is certainly a case for making From one derby to another, over the holiday period, but hungry weight championship against Akira Vieira captained the sides, which Formula 1 eco-friendly. The sport has Arsenal await the following week- fighters who want to prove them- Yaegashi in Yokohama on Monday, was at the peak of their rivalry. It made some effort in recent years to end. And if we’re talking about dis- selves will step into the Octagon on December 23. This will be Mthalane’s features the pretty pictures and ugly do so. The aim is to make racing car- orderly Londoners, they don’t get December 21 at UFC Fight Night 165. third defence since regaining the moments. From Ryan Giggs’s solo bon neutral by 2030. Six-time cham- much more so than Mesut Özil and Although the card boasts three title in 2017. He is in the best form of goal in the 1999 FA Cup semifinal pion Lewis Hamilton is part of the friends. But recent history suggests fights, there is only one that is worth his career and near invincible for the to the Gunners winning the English push. they too are quite capable of ruining paying attention to. past 12 years. Premier League title at Old Trafford, And We Go Green explores the Chelsea’s ambitions. At the very least Frankie Edgar takes on Chan Sung Mthalane has given Yaegashi tons from the Arsenal players crowding in idea of Formula 1 racing with elec- watching two trainwrecked enti- Jung. The Korean Zombie never fails of respect, but is confident that he on Ruud van Nistelrooy and scream- tric cars and using renewable energy ties collide offers certain goals and to produce enticing fights, in which will retain his belt after 12 rounds. ing at him to the foul-mouthed technology. Produced by Leonardo a happy jaunt for the neutral viewer. he makes you wonder whether you Yaegashi’s record is not as impres- Keane incident in the tunnel at DiCaprio, the fun in this documen- The top four race is shaping up are watching a disciplined five-round sive as Mthalane, but he has mauled Highbury, this documentary might tary is inspired by the thrill of driv- to be the most intriguing battle of bout or playing an exhibition match of his opponents in his last three fights, just make you miss the toughness ing these electric cars on the circuit. the season. Manchester United, of Street Fighter on your Playstation. At winning all by technical knockout. football no longer has. Obviously, the noise of the vehicles course, hope they are still invited times, it has cost him dearly, but when The Japanese fighter will also have is eliminated, but colourful person- to the party. Ole Gunnar Solskjær it has worked, it is a joy to the eye. most of the crowd backing him. Icarus alities and imminent danger on the will spend the next few weeks try- For Edgar, he will look to erase But Mthalane fought Masayuki This documentary dives into the track makes exciting watching. ing to prove he knows what he’s any memories of his last fight, when Kuroda in his last fight in Japan as world of sport and doping. After the The racing game is heading in the doing. That too involves a visit to the he went five rounds with then feath- well and thrived in the face of adver- Lance Armstrong doping scandal, direction of electric vehicles, so And Gunners — a perfect tonic on the first erweight champion Max Holloway sity. If he wipes his sweat and focuses author and actor Bryan Fogel, an We Go Green will give a taste of the for any New Year’s Eve hangover. but eventually lost by decision, and on the opponent, he could add to the amateur cyclist, sets out to document races we cold be watching in the This subplot — which team is the get back into contention for a title success South Africa has experienced how easy it is to use drugs to enhance future. 38 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 Culture Sho Madjozi and the art of being seen

Using her unique style and image, she’s taking her pan-African music and brand and making them internationally palatable

Zaza Hlalethwa

he artist we know as Sho Madjozi almost worked at the Mail & Guard- ian. She was Maya the Poet back Tthen and was scheduled to have an interview for an intern position. No one quite knows what happened; she didn’t have the interview and became a colorful pan- African rapper instead. So, very unlike a journalist, Sho Madjozi began 2019 with a nod from Vogue. She was included in the Vogue World 100, a list of peo- ple who are reimagining fashion, music and television for the better. Sho Madjozi fits the bill. She has a unique style, a special sound and an individual way of identifying herself. Her athleisure take on tinguvu, a Xitsonga garb for women, has become an extension of her brand. On any given day she’s happy to accessorise her sports bra and cycling shorts with a woollen xibelani skirt and matching sneakers. To top it off she’ll wear her hair in colourful Fulani cornrows accessorised with beads. The hairdos have made her selfies a key reference in many salons where many women insist on getting their fix of what they’re calling “Madjozi braids”. But it’s the pairing of that personal style with Her association with the artist has made Culture princess: Sho Madjozi music that has distinguished her. Ndlovu the go-to braider for public figures performed at Afropunk Sho Madjozi has managed to seamlessly such as Lesego Tlhabi (Coconut Kelz), Nelisiwe Atlanta earlier this year combine Xitsonga pop with sonic cues from Mwase, Noluthando Nqayi and Lunathi (above), appeared in Red more contemporary and popular genres: Mampofu. She has also been commissioned Bull Perspectives in 2018 and kwaito and gqom. And, yes, she follows in the by Newzroom Afrika and Adidas, where she recently met John Cena when footsteps of Xitsonga women like the Kurhula braided Amanda Du-Pont’s hair. she performed on The Kelly Sisters and Gaza Sisters. But her rise suggests Since 2017, Ndlovu has lost count of how Clarkson Show (below). Photo: that the combination of her musical efforts, many heads she works on in a week. “All I Marcus Ingram/Getty Images, together with her New Age aesthetic, play- know is that I’m very busy. I haven’t taken Tyrone Bradley/Red Bull Content ful demeanour and her biracial luminescence any time off in the last three months,” she Pool/AP and Adam Christopher/ give her an advantage. It also doesn’t hurt that says, adding that she has had to ask clients to NBCUniversal her emergence follows the release of the movie book an appointment three weeks in advance Black Panther, which has inspired interna- because her schedule is so full. was a source of national pride. tional interest in pan-African pop culture. Even the Economic Freedom Fighters have And though she’s now received international s carefree and playful as Sho given her the nod of approval. After her BET acclaim, her dominance in South Africa is note- Madjozi comes across, there’s award win, the party said Sho Madjozi was “a worthy. The South African Music Awards nom- Asomething that seems deliber- symbol of black youth power” who has used inated her in the categories female artist of the ate about the career and col- her “artistic excellence” to inspire hope and year, best newcomer and best kwaito/gqom/ laboration moves that she makes, much like South African pride. amapiano album and music video of the year. #FillUptheDome pioneer and rapper Cassper At the awards ceremony, Sho Madjozi took Nyovest. lthough she’s being celebrated as a home best female artist and best newcomer. A recent example of her low-key visibility national treasure, her rise has not A few days later, she made her way to Los prowess was her appearance on Colours in been without controversy. A day A John Angeles to accept the award for television net- August, an international music platform for before Sho Madjozi released work BET’s best new international act. new and distinct sounds that was established Cena on streaming platforms, after its debut Lapping up the applause, she has also because the music scene has become “increas- on Colours, the artist took to Twitter to address secured a number of endorsements. Sho ingly fragmented and saturated”. Sho Madjozi sexual harassment claims made against her Madjozi is the face for the sanitary pad brand became the second South African artist to be protagonist. road manager as well allegations that she Stayfree and of telecommunications service featured on the platform, following Sjava’s Currently sitting at more than 8.2-million was protecting a predator. Somewhere in the provider Trace Mobile, and she is an ambas- appearance in May. views on YouTube, John Cena has catapulted thread the artist said: “I know people will lie, sador for Brand South Africa. Her 2018 cloth- Although her 2018 debut album Limpopo the star into international stardom. First there cheat and steal for clout. But to sink as low as ing collaboration with Edgars sold out and was Champions League still holds performative was the #JohnCenaChallenge, a viral trend using something as serious as sexual assault? I restocked in stores for another run in 2019. resonance, Sho Madjozi decided to use the where participants posted videos of them- never [expected it].” As she sips from the cup of fame, the artist Colours platform to debut John Cena, which selves dancing to the song on social media This comes after several people had regis- continues to break bread with the women who then become a viral single. platforms. Then United States talk show hosts tered their disquiet about her association with have helped to build the Sho Madjozi we know Dressed in a pink shift dress, a tie-dye turtle- Ellen DeGeneres and Lily Singh took Sho Okmalumkoolkat after he had been accused of today. These include Kate Chauke, who makes neck and pink Nike Cortez sneakers Madjozi Madjozi into American homes by challenging sexual assault. the woollen xibelani she wears, her DJ, Gontse stands in front of a suspended mic and pre- the wrestler to take part in the challenge on Considering that the Sho Madjozi persona “Phatstoki”, and her hairstylist, Princess pares to drop her candid code-switching bars. their respective shows. is barely three years old, there are lessons Ndlovu. Although the bulk of the lyrics are rapped in Shortly thereafter, her 2019 wins were that emerging artists who want to advance in Whenever her schedule allows, Sho Madjozi kiSwahili, they quickly caught the world’s cemented when Cena surprised Sho Madjozi the industry can take from her. The era of the makes her way to a Melville salon where attention as soon as she said “John Cena”. while she was performing the single on “yaaas queen” is the right moment to curate a Ndlovu has rented a chair. The hair braider Although Sho Madjozi admits to being a American singer and television personal- version of yourself that you are happy to stick met Sho Madjozi in 2017 shortly after her John Cena fan, she recently told AfroPunk the ity Kelly Clarkson’s talk show. Broadcast with, create a team that you can grow with and music career began. Ndlovu says she “didn’t song is not about her adoration for the wres- shortly after South Africa won the 2019 take up space unapologetically. It’s also okay know Sho Madjozi was famous until she said tler. Referencing the wrestler’s “You can’t Rugby World Cup and the African Netball to reclaim the parts of your identity that aren’t ‘that’s my song’ to something that was playing see me” tagline, the song addresses a love Cup, the clip of an excited Sho Madjozi cho- celebrated. If you stick with it, an adoring pub- on the radio”. interest who pays no attention to the song’s rused the national mood. Her recognition lic is likely to follow suit. Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 39 Entertainment Have fun this festive season

Ringo Madlingozi & Samthing large, wooden loom and features performances from international cost R600 to R 2900 and can be pur- and a craft market. Details: The Soweto — Mzansi Fela Festival: fi ve scenes that take the viewer on a acts Solange, Rico Nasty, Miguel, chased from afropunk.com. festival will take place until January Ringo Madlingozi has invited journey that makes its way through Masego, GoldLink, 5 at the Johannesburg Zoo, Jan award-winning vocalist and song- society’s technological develop- Nao and local art- Sokunge: Taken from the Shona Smuts Avenue, Parkview. Tickets writer Samthing Soweto to join him ments and the way they have ists Busiswa, term meaning “as if”, this exhibi- cost R60 to R120 and can be pur- on stage for a single performance. aff ected the human experi- Distruction Boyz, tion by Masimba Hwati presents chased from joburgtheatre.com. For The intergenerational concert will ence. Through weaving, Sho Madjozi, objects and scenarios other than more information, visit jhbzoo.org. feature solo off erings, as well as Blake creates scenes that Morena Leraba, they would be in their conventional za or call 011 646 2000. on-stage collaborations between include events — such as DBN Gogo and or expected nature. Through the the two artists. Details: The concert the fi rst industrial revo- Darkie Fiction. use of sculpture, sound and perfor- How to ice skate: Use your free takes place on December 22 at the lution, the invention Details: The festi- mance, the work explores the idea time to learn a new skill with loved South African State Theatre, 320 of electricity, and the val takes place on of liminal spaces in the postcolonial ones while keeping away from the Pretorius Street, Pretoria. Tickets invention of the com- December 30 and context. Details: The exhibition December sun at an ice-skating cost R300 to R500 and can be pur- puter and the inter- 31 at Constitution takes place until January 25 at rink. Details: The classes take place chased from webticket.co.za. For net — leading up to Hill, 1 Kotze Street, Smac Art Gallery, 19 Keyes Avenue, on December 21 at the Durban Ice more information, visit statetheatre. the fourth indus- Johannesburg. Tickets Rosebank, Johannesburg. For more Arena, 81 Somtseu Road, North

co.za or call 012 392 4000. trial revolution. information, visit smacgallery.com Beach. Once-off tutorials cost R150 Details: The exhi- or call 010 594 5400. a lesson and monthly classes cost Parkrun Botanical Gardens: bition takes place R480 at the door. Ice skates are Parkrun organises weekly, timed until January Dr Seuss: The Cat in the Hat: This provided. For more information, runs around the world. They are 13 at Everard high-energy, interactive adaptation visit durbanicearena.co.za or call free, safe and don’t require par- Read, 6 Jellicoe of the beloved children’s book aims 031 332 4597. ticipants to be athletes. Take in Avenue, Rosebank, to take the characters from the page the Pretoria National Botanical Johannesburg. to the stage for a memorable intro- Nieu-Bethesda Festival of Lights: Garden’s lush landscape over a 5km For more informa- duction to the story. Details: The Celebrate the arrival of the new year run with friends and other running tion visit everard- play will be staged until December with the Bethesda Arts Centre’s enthusiasts. Details: The parkrun read.co.za or call 22 at the National Children’s annual Festival of Lights and will take place on December 21 at 011 788 4805. Theatre, Junction Ave, Parktown. Lantern Parade. Join the singing the Pretoria National Botanical Tickets cost R80 to R100. For more procession that goes to Hightown Gardens, 2 Cussonia Street, Afropunk 2019: The information or to purchase tickets, township and then makes its way Brummeria, Pretoria. Entry is Afropunk festival is visit nationalchildrenstheatre.org. back to the Centre. You can make free. For more information, visit back in South Africa for A seat at the za or call 011 484 1584. your own lantern or buy one. All parkrun.co.za/botanicalgarden. another two-day aff air. table: Solange are welcome to enjoy a braai and So if you’re keen for a will perform Joburg Zoo Festival of Lights: In entertainment by a live band after Tied by Time: Mixed media artist mixed masala of cool at Afropunk association with Joburg Theatre, the parade. Details: The festival will Tamlin Blake has created a tapestry — from the worlds 2019, after Johannesburg City Parks and Zoo, take place on December 31, start- installation akin to a Renaissance of art, food, fashion pulling out as well as City Power, this festival ing at the Centre on Miller Street in painting in its size, thematic con- and music — per- of two years features a collection life-size animal Nieu-Bethesda. Tickets cost R150. ception and intricate detail. The haps this is for you. ago because characters made from fairy lights, For more information or to book installation is suspended from a Patrons can expect of illness as well as entertainment, food stalls tickets, visit nieubethesda.org. 40 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 & Mail Guardianwww.mg.co.za To advertise in this section please contact: Vanessa 011 250 7450 Ilizma 063 026 7450 Careers Elsie 011 250 7580 Lesedi 011 250 7430

Academic Jobs & Jobs

           

CALL FOR EXPRESSION OF INTEREST (EOI) FOR TRANSACTION                  ADVISORY SERVICES FOR A          

PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) PROJECT           !     "      FOR THE UNIVERSITY OF BOTSWANA STUDENT RESIDENCES   !          #$#$ (UB/EOI 2019/2020-1)                   ! Background: The University of Botswana invites reputable local and international companies to submit an Expression of Interest (EOI) For Transaction Advisory Services for a Public Private !     % & '    (    Partnership (PPP) Project for the University Of Botswana Student Residences. The University       &     )      VHHNVWKHVHUYLFHVRIDVXLWDEO\TXDOL¿HGDQGH[SHULHQFHG7UDQVDFWLRQ$GYLVRU 7$ LQWHUPVRI the Public-Private Partnership Policy and Implementation Framework of 2009, for a Feasibility Study and PPP procurement documentation including the draft PPP agreement for the Proposed   !"#$ %#%# Student Residences Project on a SUCCESS FEE basis; with agreed refundable Disbursements by the University of Botswana. &                 ' (  '') Collection of EOI document: The EOI Documents are strictly obtainable upon RECEIPT OF payment of a non-refundable fee of P500.00 (VAT inclusive), payable through any of the following methods; (i) $WWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI%RWVZDQD0DLQ&DVK2I¿FH*URXQG)ORRU$GPLQLVWUDWLRQ%ORFN 108, Main Campus, Gaborone (ii) Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) (iii) Online Payment (iv) Direct Deposit into University’s Bank Account BANK DETAILS: Job Openings: City of Johannesburg, Nelson Mandela Account Name: University Of Botswana Bay and Buffalo City Bank Name: Standard Chartered Bank Botswana Bank Postal Address: P O Box 1529, Gaborone (QJDJH 0HQ¶V +HDOWK  RIIHUV IUHH DQG FRQ¿GHQWLDO KHDOWK Account Number: 0100110109600 VHUYLFHVWRJD\ELVH[XDODQGRWKHUPHQZKRKDYHVH[ZLWK Branch Name: Mall Branch PHQ 060 LQWKH-RKDQQHVEXUJ1HOVRQ0DQGHOD%D\DQG Branch Code: 662167 %XIIDOR&LW\PHWURV:HFXUUHQWO\RIIHUWKHIROORZLQJSRVLWLRQV Swift Code: SCHBBWGXXXX All Payments must bear the Reference: UB/EOI 2019/2020-1 and company name 1. City of Johannesburg (Melville) 7KH(2,GRFXPHQWLVFROOHFWDEOH XSRQSURRIRISD\PHQW IURPWKH2I¿FHRIWKH'HSXW\'LUHFWRU 1.1 Professional Nurses ( 5 positions) %XVLQHVV6HUYLFHVDW%XVLQHVV6HUYLFHV%ORFN ,QVLGH8QLYHUVLW\0DLQWHQDQFH

Will 2020 be your year self for Apply now for one of our executive education development? programmes or short courses:

• Management Advancement Programme (MAP) • Senior Leaders Development • Managing and Leading People • Whether you are a new manager New Managers Programme • Effective Coaching and Mentoring or a senior executive, Wits Business • Executive Development Programme School invites you to discover your • New Managers Programme leadership potential. • Emerging Leaders in Digital Business

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Visit: www.wbs.ac.za/executive-education 42 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 Jobs

REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS (CONSULTING SERVICES) ORANGE-SENQU RIVER COMMISSION (ORASECOM) Support to the Orange-Senqu River Strategic Action Programme Implementation

1. The Orange-Senqu River Commission (ORASECOM) has secured funding from the Global Environment Fund (GEF) through the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) to implement a project which seeks to strengthen joint management capacity for the basin-wide Integrated Water 5HVRXUFHV0DQDJHPHQW ,:50 LPSOHPHQWDWLRQDQGGHPRQVWUDWLQJHQYLURQPHQWDODQGVRFLRHFRQRPLFEHQH¿WVRIHFRV\VWHPEDVHGDSSURDFKWRZDWHU resources management through the implementation of Strategic Action Programme (SAP) priority actions in the Orange-Senqu River.

2. The project is being implemented through four components and focuses on (i) Institutional and policy reform and technical capacity building towards enhancing transboundary basin planning and joint management (ii) reducing stress on Water Resources Quality (iii) addressing changes to the hydrological regime through the source-to-sea application and (iv) addressing land degradation through community-based ecosystem management.

3.25$6(&20QRZLQYLWHVHOLJLEOHFRQVXOWDQWVFRQVXOWLQJ¿UPVZKRDUHLQWHUHVWHGWRELGIRUWKHIROORZLQJVKRUWWHUPFRQVXOWDQFLHVDVLQGLFDWHGEHORZ ,QWHUHVWHGFRQVXOWDQWVPXVWSURYLGHLQIRUPDWLRQLQGLFDWLQJWKDWWKH\DUHTXDOL¿HGWRSHUIRUPWKHVHUYLFHV EURFKXUHVGHVFULSWLRQRIVLPLODUDVVLJQPHQWV H[SHULHQFHLQVLPLODUFRQGLWLRQVDYDLODELOLW\RIDSSURSULDWHVNLOOVDPRQJVWDIIHWF &RQVXOWDQWVPD\FRQVWLWXWHMRLQWYHQWXUHVWRHQKDQFHWKHLUFKDQFHV RITXDOL¿FDWLRQ

4. Consultants are being required for the following short-term consultancies;

a. Design and building of groundwater desalination plants in the villages of Rappelspan and Struizendam in the Kgalagadi South District in Botswana; b. Baseline study on the sources of water pollution in the Mohokare River Catchment in Lesotho; c.%DVHOLQHVWXG\RQWKHGLVWULEXWLRQDQGDEXQGDQFHRIDOLHQLQYDVLYHVSHFLHV3URVRSLVLQWKH2UDQJH±6HQTXSDUWRIWKHEDVLQLQ1DPLELD d.%DVHOLQHDVVHVVPHQWIRUWKH2UDQJH±6HQTX5LYHU0RXWKUHKDELOLWDWLRQGHPRQVWUDWLRQSURMHFWLQ6RXWK$IULFDDQG1DPLELD e.([SUHVVLRQRI,QWHUHVWIRUWKH:DWHU5HVRXUFHV4XDOLW\-RLQW%DVLQ6XUYH\LQWKH2UDQJH±6HQTX5LYHU%DVLQ f.'HYHORSPHQWRIDQ2SHUDWLRQV )LQDQFLDO0DQDJHPHQW3URFXUHPHQWDQG+XPDQ5HVRXUFHV 0DQXDOIRUWKH25$6(&206HFUHWDULDW g.8QLWHG1DWLRQV'HYHORSPHQW3URJUDPPH¶V6RFLDODQG(QYLURQPHQWDO6FUHHQLQJIRUWKH2UDQJH±6HQTX5LYHU%DVLQ6$3,PSOHPHQWDWLRQ3URMHFWIRU demonstration project in Botswana h.8QLWHG1DWLRQV'HYHORSPHQW3URJUDPPH¶V6RFLDODQG(QYLURQPHQWDO6FUHHQLQJIRUWKH2UDQJH±6HQTX5LYHU%DVLQ6$3,PSOHPHQWDWLRQ3URMHFWIRU GHPRQVWUDWLRQSURMHFWVLQ/HVRWKR6RXWK$IULFDDQG1DPLELD

5. The terms of reference for the above consultancies can be downloaded from the ORASECOM website at http://www.orasecom.org/opportunities/ Procurement.aspx

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7. Interested consultants may obtain further information by contacting the email or telephone/mobile numbers in the Terms of Reference during the day: WRKRXUV3UHWRULD/RFDO7LPHDQGEHIRUHWKHVWLSXODWHGGHDGOLQH

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For Further information, please contact: Mr Michael Ramaano The Water Quality – Environment Expert, ORASECOM UNDP SAP Project 9RQ:LOOLJK$YHQXH &QU9RQ:LOOLJKDQG/HQFKHQ$YHQXH %ORFN$&RUSRUDWH2I¿FH3DUN&HQWXULRQ6RXWK$IULFD Email: [email protected] with a copy to [email protected] and [email protected] Telephone: +27 12 6636826 Mobile: +27 84 3051002 or +267 71891945 11437M&G Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 43 Jobs

MAGISTRATES COMMISSION (REFERENCE: 3/2019) MONITORING AND EVALUATION OFFICER 7KH0DJLVWUDWHV&RPPLVVLRQLQYLWHVDSSOLFDWLRQVWRŵOOMXGLFLDO Reference Number: SOM\MAEO\001\2019\DEC vacancies on the following levels:

MAGISTRATE ZLWKLQWKHVXEUHJLRQDQGDGPLQLVWUDWLYHUHJLRQZKHUHDSSOLFDEOH$GMXGLFDWLRQ The Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI) is one of South Africa’s largest RIFLYLOFULPLQDODQGIDPLO\ODZPDWWHUV3HUIRUPDQFHRIMXGLFLDOZRUNDWFRXUW independent, interdisciplinary research institutes. AHRI aims to become a Remuneration: KRXVHV LQ DFFRUGDQFH ZLWK VHFWLRQ    RI WKH 0DJLVWUDWHV $FW  ZKLFK source of fundamental discoveries into the susceptibility, transmission and 7RWDOUHPXQHUDWLRQSDFNDJHRIR per annum LQFOXGHV WKH SURPRWLQJ RI D VRXQG HIIHFWLYH HIŵFLHQW DQG XQLIRUP FDVH ŶRZ cure of HIV and TB and related diseases, seeking ways to improve diagnosis, PDQDJHPHQW7UDLQLQJDQGJXLGDQFHWRDOOPDJLVWUDWHVZLWKLQWKHFRXUWKRXVH prevention and treatment. AHRI’s principal funders are Welcome Trust and EASTERN CAPE PROVINCE: VXEUHJLRQ DQG DGPLQLVWUDWLYH UHJLRQ ZKHUH DSSOLFDEOH 0HQWRULQJ RI QHZO\ the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Its academic partners are University DSSRLQWHG 0DJLVWUDWHV ZKHUH DSSOLFDEOH 5HJXODU PRQLWRULQJ RI DOO MXGLFLDO College London and the University of KwaZulu-Natal. 3RUW (OL]DEHWK  SRVWV  _ 0RWKHUZHOO _ (DVW /RQGRQ _ *UDKDPVWRZQ  SRVWV  ZRUN WR HQVXUH FRPSOLDQFH ZLWK MXGLFLDO TXDOLW\ DVVXUDQFH VWDQGDUGV ZKHUH $GHODLGH +HDG RI 2IŵFH  _ $OH[HQGULD _ $OLFH _ 0LGGHOEXUJ +HDG RI 2IŵFH  DSSOLFDEOH([WHQVLYHWUDYHORIWHQRQVKRUWQRWLFHDQGDIWHURIŵFLDOKRXUVPD\ Job Overview 6RPHUVHW(DVW_4XHHQVWRZQ_6WH\QVEXUJ +HDGRI2IŵFH _8LWHQKDJH_=ZHOLWVKD EHUHTXLUHG,QŵOOLQJSRVWVRI+HDGVRI2IŵFHSUHIHUHQFHZLOOEHJLYHQWRVHUYLQJ _&RŵPYDED_/DG\)UHUH_0EL]DQD +HDGRI2IŵFH _0WKDWKD_7DEDQNXOX_3RUW6W The purpose of this position is to lead on the development of innovative SHUPDQHQW0DJLVWUDWHV -RKQV +HDGRI2IŵFH _1JFRER strategies and systems to monitor and evaluate AHRI’s public engagement activities. 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Title:&RXQWU\2I¿FH'LUHFWRU1DPLELD Level:6HQLRU'LUHFWRU Reports to:6HQLRU9LFH3UHVLGHQW86&RXQWU\2I¿FHVDQG/$& JOB OPPORTUNITY 6HFUHWDULDW Position:&RXQWU\'LUHFWRU6HQWHEDOH/HVRWKRUHSRUWLQJWR&KLHI([HFXWLYH2I¿FHU Revised Date:1RYHPEHU WORLD WILDLIFE FUND Duration: Permanent Remuneration: Competitive remuneration in line with the role requirements Major Function: 7KH &RXQWU\ 'LUHFWRU SURYLGHV YLVLRQ DQG OHDGHUVKLS IRU WKH ::) &RXQWU\ 2I¿FHLQ1DPLELDDQGHIIHFWLYHKLJKOHYHOUHSUHVHQWDWLRQRI::)ZLWKNH\DXGLHQFHVDQG::)¶V Sentebale is a charity working in Lesotho and Botswana to support some of the most vulnerable 1HWZRUNWREXLOGVWUHQJWKDQGVXSSRUWIRUWKHFRXQWU\RI¿FHRQLWVFRQVHUYDWLRQGHOLYHU\LQFUHDVLQJ children and young people to lead healthy and productive lives. The Charity was founded in 2006 ::)¶VSRVLWLRQLQJDQGUHFRJQLWLRQDVWKHOHDGLQJFRQVHUYDWLRQRUJDQL]DWLRQLQWKHFRXQWU\ by Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex and Prince Seeiso following Prince Harry’s gap year to Lesotho in 2004. Sentebale works directly in programmes with children and young people and also in 7KH&RXQWU\'LUHFWRUPDQDJHVWDNHVUHVSRQVLELOLW\DQGJLYHVVWUDWHJLFGLUHFWLRQWRDOODFWLYLWLHV partnership with local grassroots organisations, local and international NGOs and government RI::)SUHVHQFHLQ1DPLELDWRHQVXUHWKDW::)¶V0LVVLRQDQG1DPLELD¶VLQWHJUDWHGVWUDWHJ\ institutions such as health clinics and schools. It has a particular focus on HIV/AIDS and aims DUH VXFFHVVIXOO\ DFFRPSOLVKHG HQVXULQJ DFFRXQWDELOLW\ RSHUDWLRQDO H[FHOOHQFH HIIHFWLYH ULVN WRPDNHDUHDOGLIIHUHQFHLQFKLOGUHQ¶VOLYHVKHOSLQJWKHPWREHPRUHUHVLOLHQWVHOIVXI¿FLHQWDQG PDQDJHPHQWDQGFRPSOLDQFHZLWK::) VSROLFLHVSURFHGXUHVVWDQGDUGVDQGORFDOUHTXLUHPHQWV have the chance to thrive. Key Responsibilities:‡2YHUVHHVWKHLPSOHPHQWDWLRQRI::) FRXQWU\ VLQWHJUDWHGVWUDWHJ\ Summary of Purpose As Sentebale embarks on a process of building a new international strategy to maximise SURYLGLQJ IRFXV GLUHFWLRQ DQG D FXOWXUH RI LQWHJUDWLRQ WR HQVXUH WKH GHOLYHU\ RI KLJKOHYHO Sentebale’s impact on the wellbeing of vulnerable children in Lesotho and Botswana, the Country FRQVHUYDWLRQLPSDFWVDQGDGYDQFHPHQWRI::)¶V*OREDOFRQVHUYDWLRQJRDOV‡,QFORVHOLDLVRQZLWK 'LUHFWRUZLOOEHNH\LQHQVXULQJLWVHIIHFWLYHGHOLYHU\DFURVVLWVÀDJVKLSSURJUDPPHLQ/HVRWKR WKH69386&RXQWU\2I¿FHVDQG/$&6HFUHWDULDWSDUWLFLSDWHVLQNH\IXQGUDLVLQJVWUDWHJLHVZLWK 7KH\ZLOOKHOSHQVXUHWKDWWKHÀDJVKLS0DPRKDWR&KLOGUHQ¶V&HQWUHLVXVHGWRLWVIXOOSRWHQWLDODQG 0XOWLODWHUDO,QVWLWXWLRQV%LODWHUDODQG0XOWLODWHUDOFRRSHUDWLRQ1DWLRQDO2UJDQLVDWLRQV*RYHUQPHQW there are effective outreach programmes across Lesotho. $JHQFLHV)RXQGDWLRQV&RUSRUDWHDQGSULYDWHGRQRUVHQVXULQJD¿QDQFLDOO\VXVWDLQDEOHRI¿FH DEOHWRJHQHUDWHDQGVHFXUHDGLYHUVL¿HGIXQGLQJSLSHOLQHWRVXSSRUWWKHLUVWUDWHJ\‡(QVXUHVWKH 7KH&RXQWU\'LUHFWRUZLOOOHDGWKH/HVRWKR6HQLRU0DQDJHPHQW7HDPKHOSLQJWKHPWREHFRPH 2I¿FHLVDFFRXQWDEOHDQGDEOHWRLGHQWLI\PRQLWRUDQGPDQDJHRUJDQL]DWLRQDOULVN(QVXUHVWKDW exemplary leaders in their own right, so that Sentebale can further build its reputation as a key ::) 86 DQGRU ::) 1HWZRUN SROLFLHV SURFHGXUHV DQG VWDQGDUGV IRU RSHUDWLRQDO ¿QDQFLDO player in the region and an advocate of best practice development on an international stage. SHUVRQQHODQGDGPLQLVWUDWLYHV\VWHPVDQGRXWSXWVDUHLPSOHPHQWHGLQWKH1DPLELDFRXQWU\RI¿FH Successful candidate will be accountable for all aspects of the work in country and will represent ‡(VWDEOLVKHVDQGRYHUVHHVDPRQLWRULQJDQGHYDOXDWLRQV\VWHPWRPHDVXUHWKHSHUIRUPDQFHRI Sentebale at the highest level. WKHFRXQWU\RI¿FHWRZDUGVLWVVWUDWHJLFSODQDQGUHSRUWVUHJXODUO\WRWKH6HQLRU9LFH3UHVLGHQW 86&RXQWU\2I¿FHVDQG/$&6HFUHWDULDW‡(QVXUHVWLPHO\WHFKQLFDO DQG¿QDQFLDO LQIRUPDWLRQ The Country Director will also work as part of an international leadership team and help inform IURP1DPLELD&RXQWU\2I¿FHWRGRQRUV::)86::),QWHUQDWLRQDODQGDOOUHOHYDQWSDUWVRI and support our international advocacy work and help share best practice in the region. WKH::)1HWZRUNDFFRUGLQJWRDJUHHGVWDQGDUGV‡(QVXUHVWKDWWKH::)RI¿FHLQ1DPLELDFR RSHUDWHVZLWK¿QDQFLDORSHUDWLRQDODQGSURJUDPPDWLFDXGLWVDQGIROORZVXSLQDWLPHO\PDQQHU Key Performance Areas and Responsibilities RQ DXGLW UHFRPPHQGDWLRQV DQG HQVXUHV FRPSOLDQFH ZLWK ::)86 DQGRU ::),QWHUQDWLRQDO The position requires a proven and credible leader with a broad skills base, creativity, and the %RDUG SROLFLHV SURFHGXUHV DQG VWDQGDUGV ‡ (VWDEOLVKHV DQ HIIHFWLYH LQWHUQDO FRPPXQLFDWLRQ capability to be hands-on whilst favouring an empowering leadership style which will build the V\VWHPWRHQVXUHWKDWDOOVWDIIZRUNLQJIRU::)1DPLELDDUHIXOO\LQIRUPHGRI::)¶V0LVVLRQ capacity of the Lesotho team. FRQVHUYDWLRQ DUFKLWHFWXUH DQG VWUDWHJLF DSSURDFKHV DQG NHSW LQIRUPHG RI QHZ GHYHORSPHQWV SROLFLHVDQGSURFHGXUHVDVDQGZKHQWKH\DULVH‡(VWDEOLVKHVOHDGHUVKLSIRUHIIHFWLYHH[WHUQDO At this stage of the organisation’s development it is essential that the Country Director is able to: • Facilitate and empower professional leadership through an empathetic and inclusive leadership FRPPXQLFDWLRQV PHFKDQLVPV LQ 1DPLELD DQG LQIRUPV UHVXOWV DQG DFKLHYHPHQWV WR ::)86 style • Demonstrate and celebrate creativity and innovation in pursuit of extraordinary outcomes &RXQWU\2I¿FH8QLWQHWZRUN5HJLRQDO2I¿FHRI$IULFDGRQRUVSDUWQHUVDQGRWKHUV‡0DQDJHV • Build coalitions and networks which demonstrate Sentebale’s belief in co-operative and DQG RYHUVHHV SHUIRUPDQFH UHYLHZV RI OLQH VWDII PHPEHUV DQG HQVXUHV VWDII DFWLYLWLHV DQG collaborative working for better development outcomes • Drive a comprehensive programme DQQXDO JRDOV FRQWULEXWH GLUHFWO\ WRZDUGV DFKLHYHPHQW RI WKH 1DPLELD )LYH

The Johannesburg Road Agency proposes to construct the West Road Bridge (26° 9’57.63”S; To Apply: • Submit cover letter and resume in English through our Careers Page : https:// FDUHHUVZZIXVLFLPVFRPMREVFRXQWU\RI¿FHGLUHFWRUQDPLELDMRE"PRELOH IDOVH Z 27°57’50.98”E). The proposed project will replace the existing structure at the same location that LGWK  KHLJKW  EJD WUXH QHHGV5HGLUHFW IDOVH MDQRIIVHW  MXQRIIVHW  has fallen into disrepair; the road is currently closed at this location due to the current state of • Due to the high volume of applications we are not able to respond to inquiries via phone • Please submit your resume for this role by 31 January 2020 the structure. The replacement of the structure requires EA through a Basic Assessment process 11441M&G DVWKHUHZLOOEHWKHLQ¿OOLQJRUGHSRVLWLQJRIPRUHWKDQPRIPDWHULDOLQWRDZDWHUFRXUVHWKH potential clearance of 300m2 or more of indigenous vegetation from within the Roodepoort Reef 0RXQWDLQ%XVKYHOG FULWLFDOO\HQGDQJHUHG DQGWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIPRUHWKDQPRILQIUDVWUXFWXUH within 32m of a wetland within a Critically Biodiverse Area. The structure is within a watercourse & therefore a WUA application will be lodged with the Department of Water and Sanitation. The WUA Mail Guardianwww.mg.co.za LVUHTXLUHGLQWHUPVRIVHFWLRQ F DQG L RIWKH1:$IRUWKHDOWHUDWLRQRIWKHEHGDQGRUEDQNV RIDZDWHUFRXUVHDQGLPSHGLQJÀRZZLWKLQDZDWHUFRXUVH6WDNHKROGHUVZKRZLVKWRUHJLVWHUDV Academics & Courses LQWHUHVWHGDQGDIIHFWHGSDUWLHVVKRXOGUHJLVWHUZLWKWKHFRQWDFWSHUVRQEHORZZLWKLQGD\VRIWKLV notice. CONTACT: Ilizma 063 026 7450 Contact: Chevy Smith Phone:  Vanessa 011 250 7450 Fax:  Lesedi 011 250 7430

Email: [email protected] mg_11428 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 45 Jobs, Tenders & Notices

)+,LVDQRQSUR¿WKXPDQGHYHORSPHQWRUJDQL]DWLRQGHGLFDWHGWRLPSURYLQJOLYHVLQODVWLQJ ZD\VE\DGYDQFLQJLQWHJUDWHGORFDOO\GULYHQVROXWLRQV)+,LVVHHNLQJDSSOLFDWLRQVIRUWKH SRVLWLRQRI7RWDO4XDOLW\/HDGHUVKLSDQG$FFRXQWDELOLW\ 74/$ 7HFKQLFDO$GYLVRU¶V7KHSRVLWLRQV Job title: Senior MEAL Specialist DUH FRQWLQJHQW RQ GRQRU DSSURYDO RI ZRUNSODQ DQG IXQGLQJ (SL& LV D ¿YH\HDU JOREDO SURMHFW IXQGHGE\3(3)$5WKURXJKWKH86$JHQF\IRU,QWHUQDWLRQDO'HYHORSPHQW 86$,' GHGLFDWHG WR DFKLHYLQJ DQG PDLQWDLQLQJ +,9 HSLGHPLF FRQWURO 7KH SURMHFW SURYLGHV VWUDWHJLF WHFKQLFDO +DELWDW IRU +XPDQLW\ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO +)+,  LV D JOREDO QRQSUR¿W &KULVWLDQ KRXVLQJ DVVLVWDQFHDQGGLUHFWVHUYLFHGHOLYHU\ '6' WREUHDNWKURXJKEDUULHUVWRDQGSURPRWH RUJDQL]DWLRQIRXQGHGLQ+DELWDWIRU+XPDQLW\KDVKHOSHGPRUHWKDQPLOOLRQ VHOIUHOLDQWPDQDJHPHQWRIQDWLRQDO+,9SURJUDPVE\LPSURYLQJ+,9FDVH¿QGLQJSUHYHQWLRQDQG WUHDWPHQWSURJUDPPLQJ SHRSOH PHHW WKHLU DIIRUGDEOH KRXVLQJ QHHGV LQ PRUH WKDQ  FRXQWULHV DURXQG WKH world. 1. Two TQLA Technical Advisors: Anova Health Institute We invite you to visit our website to learn more about us, our values and how we work. /RFDWLRQ-RKDQQHVEXUJDQG&DSH7RZQ6RXWK$IULFDRI¿FHV-RE,'

2QH74/$7HFKQLFDO$GYLVRU0DWFK Your role: Located in Pretoria South Africa, as a Senior Monitoring Evaluation, /RFDWLRQ'XUEDQ6RXWK$IULFDRI¿FH-RE,' Accountability and Learning (MEAL) Specialist, you will support the improvement of 'HVFULSWLRQ &ROODERUDWLYHO\ ZRUN ZLWK WKH DVVLJQHG SDUWQHU PDQDJHPHQW WHDPV DQG VWDII SURJUDPDQGSURMHFWHI¿FLHQF\DQGHIIHFWLYHQHVVGHFLVLRQPDNLQJDQGOHDUQLQJWKURXJK WR LPSURYH DQDO\VLV DQG WUDQVODWLRQ RI SURJUDP GDWD LQWR GHFLVLRQ PDNLQJ WKHPHV IRU WKH RUJDQL]DWLRQ¶VSURMHFWWHDP6XSSRUWFULWLFDOWKLQNLQJDQGV\VWHPVLPSURYHPHQWDSSURDFKHVWR Monitoring, Evaluation, Accountability and Learning. You will develop MEAL capacity LGHQWLI\GHYHORSDQGWDNHOLWWOHLPSURYHPHQWVWRVFDOHWKURXJKVKRUWF\FOHLQWHUYHQWLRQV'HYHORS RIDVVLJQHGRUJDQL]DWLRQVLQ6XE6DKDUDQ$IULFDZKHUH+)+,RSHUDWHV,QFDUU\LQJRXW WKHQH[XVEHWZHHQGDWDDYDLODELOLW\DQGXWLOL]DWLRQIRUGD\WRGD\SURJUDPLPSURYHPHQW3URYLGH \RXUZRUNDVWKHVHQLRU0($/VSHFLDOLVW\RXZLOOLQWHUDFWZLWKRWKHU$UHD2I¿FHV $2  PDQDJHPHQW FRDFKLQJ DQG WHFKQLFDO JXLGDQFH ZLWKLQ WKH SURMHFW WR FDWDO\]H SHUIRUPDQFH LPSURYHPHQWVDQGPXWXDODFFRXQWDELOLW\6XSSRUWWHDPVWRDGRSWDQDO\WLFGDWDUHYLHZDQGV\VWHPV 1DWLRQDO2I¿FHV 12 DQG+HDG4XDUWHU +4 VWDIISDUWQHURUJDQL]DWLRQVDQGH[SHUWV WKLQNLQJ DSSURDFKHV WRJXLGH FRXUVH FRUUHFWLYH DFWLRQV IRU LPSURYLQJ SURJUDP LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ ¿ GHOLW\ DQG SHUIRUPDQFH UHVXOWV$SSO\LQJ EHVW SUDFWLFHV DQG OHVVRQV OHDUQHG IURP SUHYLRXV OHDGHUVKLSSRVLWLRQVKHOGSURYLGHVXSSRUWWRVSHFL¿FWHFKQLFDOLQWHUYHQWLRQVZLOOEHGH¿QHGE\ Responsibilities: HPHUJLQJGDWDIURPWKHSURJUDPDVZHOODVGHFLVLRQVIURPSDUWQHUOHDGHUVKLS,WLVDQWLFLSDWHGWKDW Technical support for MEAL policy, standards, procedures and good practices: • WKHVHLQWHUYHQWLRQVZLOOEROVWHU6RXWK$IULFD¶V-RXUQH\WR6HOI5HOLDQFH6XFFHVVRILQWHUYHQWLRQV Continue to develop MEAL methodology, approaches and tools, and provide support ZLOOEHPHDVXUHGLQWHUPVRIHIIHFWLYHQHVV DFKLHYLQJLQWHQGHGSURJUDPPDWLFUHVXOWVWDUJHWV DQG HI¿FLHQF\ DFKLHYLQJUHVXOWVDWORZHUFRVWV  DQGJXLGDQFHWRDUHDRI¿FHDQGQDWLRQDORUJDQL]DWLRQVWDIIWRHQVXUHWKHLUSURSHUXVH • Ensure that MEAL standards and good practices are integrated in all phases of the 0LQLPXPTXDOL¿FDWLRQVUHTXLUHGIRUWKHSRVLWLRQ0DVWHU¶V'HJUHHLQEXVLQHVVDGPLQLVWUDWLRQ 0%$  SXEOLF KHDOWK 03+  RU UHODWHG ¿ HOG ZLWK  \HDUV RI H[SHULHQFH PDQDJLQJ DQG project life cycle • Participate in program/project design and proposal writing in the VXSHUYLVLQJFRPSOH[SXEOLFKHDOWKLQWHUYHQWLRQVDQGWHDPVZLWKDIRFXVRQ+,9SUHYHQWLRQFDUH areas of theory of change, logical framework development, MEAL plan and budget DQGWUHDWPHQWLQGHYHORSLQJFRXQWULHV0'3K'LVDQDGGHGDGYDQWDJH([SHULHQFHZRUNLQJ LQ6RXWK$IULFDLVSUHIHUUHG‡$PLQLPXPRI\HDUV¶GHPRQVWUDWHGH[SHULHQFHLQOHDGHUVKLS GHYHORSPHQW‡$GYLVHDQGVXSSRUWSURJUDPSURMHFWWHDPVRQTXDOLW\GDWDJDWKHULQJDQG WHDPVXSHUYLVLRQDQGRYHUVLJKW‡'HPRQVWUDWHGWHDPPDQDJHPHQWH[SHULHQFHXVLQJGDWDWR analysis to facilitate informed program and project design • Support program/project DOLJQ SURJUDP DQG RUJDQL]DWLRQDO V\VWHPV WR HQVXUH TXDOLW\ DQG HI¿ FLHQW RSHUDWLRQV ZLWK D WHDPVWRVHWXSDFFRXQWDELOLW\PHFKDQLVPVWREHQH¿FLDULHVDQGFRPPXQLW\PHPEHUV SUHIHUHQFHIRUKHDOWKUHODWHGDFWLYLWLHV‡([FHOOHQWGDWDDQDO\WLFDQGXWLOL]DWLRQVNLOOVVFLHQWL¿F ZULWLQJDQGFRPSXWHUVRIWZDUHVNLOOV‡6WURQJXQGHUVWDQGLQJRIQRQJRYHUQPHQWDORUJDQL]DWLRQV¶ • Support project evaluations. SROLFLHVSURFHGXUHVDQG86*UXOHVDQGUHJXODWLRQV‡'HPRQVWUDWHGDELOLW\WKURXJKSUHYLRXV H[SHULHQFHWRHVWDEOLVKDQGPDLQWDLQSURGXFWLYHZRUNLQJUHODWLRQVKLSVZLWKDZLGHQHWZRUNRI SDUWQHUV DQG VWDNHKROGHUV ‡ 'HPRQVWUDWHG DELOLW\ WKURXJK SUHYLRXV H[SHULHQFH WR OLDLVH ZLWK .QRZOHGJH PDQDJHPHQW UHSRUWLQJ DQG OHDUQLQJ • Support HFH National VHQLRUJRYHUQPHQWRI¿FLDOVGLJQLWDULHVH[HFXWLYHVRI1*2V)%2V&%2VDQGWKHIRUSUR¿ RUJDQL]DWLRQVLQWKHXVHRI+)+,PHWULFVWRROVDQGGDWDUHSRUWLQJUHYLHZSURMHFWGDWD W EXVLQHVV FRPPXQLW\ DQG VHQLRU PHPEHUV RI WKH GRQRU FRPPXQLW\ ‡ 6WURQJ LQWHUSHUVRQDO DQGFRPPXQLFDWLRQVNLOOVSURYHQDELOLW\WRGHYHORSDQGFRPPXQLFDWHDFRPPRQYLVLRQDPRQJ FROOHFWLRQDQGUHSRUWLQJIRUGDWDTXDOLW\DQGPDNHUHFRPPHQGDWLRQVIRULPSURYHPHQW GLYHUVHSDUWQHUVDQGSURYHQDELOLW\WROHDGDPXOWLGLVFLSOLQDU\WHDPDQG‡3URIHVVLRQDOOHYHORI ‡ 2YHUVHH WKH LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI GDWD PDQDJHPHQW WRROV IRU SURFHVV DQG TXDOLW\ RUDODQGZULWWHQÀXHQF\LQ(QJOLVK LPSURYHPHQW‡&RQGXFWDQDO\VLVRISURMHFWDQGSURJUDPUHVXOWVWRVXSSRUWHYLGHQFH )RUPRUHLQIRUPDWLRQRQWKH-RE6SHFL¿FDWLRQYLVLWWKH)+,FDUHHUZHEVLWH,QWHUHVWHG EDVHG SURJUDP GHFLVLRQ PDNLQJ DQG SURJUDP TXDOLW\ LPSURYHPHQW ‡ (QVXUH WKDW FDQGLGDWHVPD\VXEPLWWKHLUUHVXPHWRJHWKHUZLWKDPRWLYDWLRQDOFRYHUOHWWHUWR DQDO\VLVRIHYDOXDWLRQ¿QGLQJVDQGUHFRPPHQGDWLRQVIHHGEDFNLQWRLPSURYHGSURJUDP KWWSZZZIKLRUJFDUHHUV Preference for South African nationals or those with the legal right to work in South Africa, TXDOLW\HYLGHQFHGLQVXEVHTXHQWSURJUDPGHVLJQV but positions are open to all candidates. 11442M&G Capacity development: • Coordinate NO MEAL capacity assessments to identify process, systems and capacity gaps • Support NOs in the development of MEAL process, system and capacity building plans • Support the capacity development of NO program staff in the areas of MEAL (for assigned NOs) • Develop training materials and facilitate learning events.

About you: To thrive as a Senior MEAL Specialist at Habitat for Humanity EMEA, you: • Have a Masters degree in Development studies, especially in the social sciences, or program Request for Proposals to Pilot the EPWP Social Audits HYDOXDWLRQDUHDV‡+DYHVSHFLDOL]DWLRQFHUWL¿FDWHLQ0RQLWRULQJDQGHYDOXDWLRQ‡+DYH minimum 5 years of experience in a similar position, preferably with a development RUJDQL]DWLRQ‡+DYHLQGHSWKNQRZOHGJHLQPRQLWRULQJDQGHYDOXDWLRQDFFRXQWDELOLW\ The International Labour Organisation (ILO), as part of its collaboration with learning, research and evaluation methodologies, standards and good practices. the Expanded Public Works Programme (EPWP), invites South Africa based • Have project management experience • Have demonstrated experience with TXDOLWDWLYH DQG TXDQWLWDWLYH GDWD DQDO\VLV DQG DUH IDPLOLDU ZLWK VWDWLVWLFDO SDFNDJHV Civil Society Organisations that have experience in conducting community TXDOLWDWLYHGDWDDQDO\VLVVRIWZDUHDQG,7DSSOLFDWLRQVWRVXSSRUW0($/DQGNQRZOHGJH social audits of asset provision and service delivery to submit proposals for management. • Have adult training and facilitation skills • Have strong analytical and the EPWP Social Audit Pilot. FULWLFDOWKLQNLQJVNLOOV‡+DYHJRRGRUJDQL]DWLRQDOVNLOOVLQFOXGLQJDFFXUDF\FRQVLVWHQF\ and attention to detail • Have excellent written and verbal communication skills, with ÀXHQF\LQ(QJOLVK $FRPSXOVRU\EULH¿QJVHVVLRQZLOOEHKHOGDWWKH,/2RI¿FHVLQ3UHWRULDDQG ‡7DNHVHULRXVO\\RXUHWKLFDOUHVSRQVLELOLWLHVWRVDIHJXDUGLQJRXULQWHQGHGEHQH¿FLDULHV their communities, and all those with whom we work. • Are willing to travel up to 25% simultaneously via Skype call on 19 December 2019 at 10am. Service LQWKH¿HOG SURYLGHUV ZKR LQWHQG WR SDUWLFLSDWH LQ WKH EULH¿QJ PHHWLQJ VKRXOG VHQG D +RZ WR DSSO\ 6XEPLW \RXU &9 DORQJ ZLWK D OHWWHU RI PRWLYDWLRQ WR HPHDKU# FRQ¿UPDWLRQ YLD HPDLO WR Q]X]D#LORRUJ E\ SP RQ  'HFHPEHU  KDELWDWRUJ .LQGO\ TXRWH WKH WLWOH RI WKH YDFDQF\ LQ WKH VXEMHFW RI WKH HPDLO 6HUYLFHSURYLGHUVZKRZLOOKDYHDWWHQGHGWKHEULH¿QJPHHWLQJZLOOEHUHTXHVWHG 3OHDVHQRWHWKDWRQO\DSSOLFDQWVZKRDUHHOLJLEOHWRZRUNLQ6RXWK$IULFDZLOO WRVXEPLW3URSRVDOVHOHFWURQLFDOO\LQDSGIIRUPDWYLDHPDLOWRJDPD#LORRUJ EHFRQVLGHUHG2QO\VXFFHVVIXOFDQGLGDWHVZLOOEHFRQWDFWHGIRUDQLQWHUYLHZ &ORVLQJ'DWHIRU$SSOLFDWLRQVLVWK-DQXDU\+)+,LVDQHTXDORSSRUWXQLW\ not later than 23h59 on 05 January 2020. HPSOR\HUDQGVHHNVWRHPSOR\DQGDVVLJQWKHEHVWTXDOL¿HGSHUVRQQHOIRUDOO RXU SRVLWLRQV LQ D PDQQHU WKDW GRHV QRW XQODZIXOO\ GLVFULPLQDWH DJDLQVW DQ\ SHUVRQ EHFDXVH RI UDFH FRORU UHOLJLRQ JHQGHU PDULWDO VWDWXV DJH QDWLRQDO NB: Only proposals from bidders who will have attended the RULJLQSK\VLFDORUPHQWDOGLVDELOLW\VH[XDORULHQWDWLRQYHWHUDQUHVHUYHQDWLRQDO FRPSXOVRU\EULH¿QJVHVVLRQZLOOEHFRQVLGHUHG JXDUGVWDWXVRUDQ\RWKHUVWDWXVRUFKDUDFWHULVWLFSURWHFWHGE\ODZ 11429M&G 11434M&G 46 Mail & Guardian December 13 to 19 2019

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JDE 214 QUICK CROSSWORD THE ORIGINAL SOUTH AFRICAN CRYPTIC CROSSWORD by George Euvrard 14, 690

Across Down 5 Self-possession (9) 1 Brow (8) 8 Inside information (slang) (4) 2 Be against (6) 9 Fit for use (8) 3 Please (anag) — numb (6) 10 Hinder (6) 4 Locality (4) 11 Potassium compound used in agriculture and industry (6) 6 Conveying disaster (4-5) 13 Short of money (4,2) 7 Baggy sports trousers (4,5) 15 Relaxed but slightly drunk (6) 12 Lucky charm (8) 16 Put back (8) 14 Tricky situation to be in (6) 18 Sea foam (4) 15 Central (6) 19 Emblem of Canada (5,4) 17 Bound (4) SUDOKU

483 Across 39 Healer in a cloak comes from the south- left (5) 1 Praises sausage joints (8) east (10) 11 Arrange (i) son, (ii) trees, for precedences 5 Support not about gun; that is fantastic (6) 43 Honduran is critical of the US (7,8) (11) 21 9 9 A sikh on tour of indigenous people (7) 45 Digital protection to opening echo (7) 12 Extreme scepticism: nothing about greeting 14 Privilege for one to thaw back inside 47 Unyielding fighting bastion has terrible is ultimately dinkum (8) hospital wards (11) surroundings (9) 13 Me and Mum go together (4) 58 2 15 Sign of peace, love ... and rejection of 49 Game enables personal access to dance 20 North Asia loses first showdown with Spain sinister bureau (5,6) (7) and Portugal (6) 98 4 16 She employs Inland Revenue in her case (5) 51 Live around minister and make long note (5) 21 Eisenhower forbid a Japanese flower 17 Grade in crèche next to London (7) 52 Slip on wire off Eiffel, so die (6,5) arrangement (7) 18 Small West Indies ship on swell bringing 53 Perch - with hesitation - with chef, 22 Rabbit heart in river snack (6) 672 cake and jam (5,4) announcing special kind of bread (11) 24 Over-excited, the VIP earnestly breathes 19 Russian dynasty came from ancient city of 54 Lear not performed afterwards (5,2) too deeply (15) Vergina originally (7) 55 Goodie-bag is mostly filled with 26 Chambers - perhaps for those who give 27 5 20 One million prospects? They will never thingumajigs (6) you their word? (14) happen (15) 56 Judge test alternative (8) 27 Is love mostly mercy? It’s the same, but 1927 22 Unfortunately sent moaner a very short different (6) distance (10) Down 29 Letting in more real Kei mixture (7) 23 Such PT to spark revolutionary overthrow 1 Arouse woman, if ... (7) 31 Get at coach with no resistance or 4561 (6) 2 ... bedtimes involve ‘Enter, Mister’! (11) hesitation (6) 25 The Ancient Mariner returns what is his to 3 The money (Rand) exchange, looks the same 33 For example, Newlands cover is an outdoor the chief (4) but doesn’t sound the same (9) carpet (11) 28 Bails fly in the moment in radio broadcast 4 She safeguards sanctuary in the Holy Way 35 Bird caught in frenetic in-outs, directly into LAST WEEK’S SOLUTION with cricketer (5,9) (15) vessel (11) 30 Applauds University of Pretoria salary 6 Buck before overturned pole (8) 36 Falling fruit encountering loss of energy (10) 571286394 increases (8) 7 Furry little creature in stadia starts quiet 40 Dominated and done, then carried (9) 32 Enter murderer, circling black wooden undercover invasion, requiring replacing 41 Helping grab offcuts, junk - all seconds (8) 342179685 cottage (3,5) electrical lighting (6,8) 42 Plan car noise, mischievously (8) 34 Free-thinking brain limits are phenomenal 8 The most eager are right in this street, just 44 Fling child down after I feel sick rising (7) 986435271 (14) after the match (10) 46 He skulks around, finding a tekkie (7) 37 Australian in brief prance to Johannesburg 9 Boy married, surrounded by family and one 48 Colder and more expensive, but with no 134598726 (4) ... (7) publicity (5) 697312548 How to 38 Time for everyone – eina – to get fat! (6) 10 ... sweet-smelling flower (or iris) which I 50 Shrub a large duck eats first (4) play Sudoku: 258647139 Place a number from 1 to 9 in each LAST WEEK’S SOLUTIONS 423961857 empty cell so that each row, each Quick Crossword 14, 689 Cryptic Crossword JDE 213 769853412 column and each 3x3 block contains 815724963 all the numbers from 1 to 9. M&G quiz: The answers

1. a 11. c 21. c 2. b 12. b 22. b 3. c 13. b 23. a 4. b 14. a 24. b 5. c 15. c 25. a 6. a 16. a 26. b 7. b 17. b 27. c 8. b 18. c 28. c 9. a 19. c 29. a 10. c 20. a 30. a 48 Mail & Guardian December 20 2019 to January 2 2020 2019: Questions you need to answer So you think you know the news?

Take the Mail & Guardian’s 2019 quiz to test your general knowledge

1) Which Cape Town beach was the scene of an alleged racist incident between beachgoers and a private security company? a) Clifton Fourth b) Camps Bay c) Monwabisi

2) Which Chinese tech fi rm did the United States justice department charge with multiple counts of fraud? a) Lenovo b) Huawei c) Xiaomi

3) The court case involving Mexican drug lord Joaquín Archivaldo Guzmán Loera made world head- Jair Bolsonaro: See question 19. Photo: Pablo Albarenga/Getty Images The Mexican drug lord: See question 3. Photo: Jair Cabrera Torres/NurPhoto lines. By what name is he better known? a) Beto b) Pepe c) El Chapo

4) In which country was the February 2019 North Korea–United States summit held? a) Malaysia b) Vietnam c) Singapore

5) Cyclone Idai caused death and destruction in three countries, two of which were Mozambique and Zimbabwe. Name the third country. a) Madagascar b) Mauritius c) Malawi

6) Which medieval cathedral in Paris Flooded: See question 16. Photo: Marco Bertorello/Agence France-Presse Rocketman: See question 26. Photo: David Appleby was almost destroyed by a fi re? a) Notre-Dame Cathedral of the tournament? b) Britain’s Got Talent he the leader of? b) St Paul’s Cathedral a) Uruguay c) So You Think You Can Sing a) Nigeria c) Palma Cathedral b) Russia b) Democratic Republic of the c) Namibia 21) Of which country was actor and Congo 7) Which former US vice-president comedian Volodymyr Zelensky c) Ghana announced his candidacy for the 14) Which country’s prime minister elected president? (Clue: It’s the 2020 presidential election? won the 2019 Nobel peace prize? same country Trump tried to pull a 26) Which singer, songwriter and a) Al Gore a) Ethiopia quid pro quo on, resulting in him fac- composer is the film Rocketman b) Joe Biden b) Somalia ing impeachment.) about? c) Dick Cheney c) Norway a) Hungary a) Freddy Mercury b) Poland b) Elton John 8) In March, countries involved in 15) President Donald Trump has c) Ukraine c) Jim Morrison the Square Kilometre Array project formally announced his intention signed a treaty in Rome. Near which to withdraw the US from a climate 22) Name the Cabinet minister with 27) Who scored South Africa’s fi rst- Northern Cape town will thousands change agreement. Which one is it? a penchant for Lucky Star Pilchards ever try in a Rugby World Cup fi nal? of SKA antenna dishes be built? a) Caracas Agreement and late-night cooking for one? a) Cheslin Kolbe a) Kuruman b) London Agreement a) Aaron Motsoaledi b) Lukhanyo Am b) Carnarvon c) Paris Agreement b) Tito Mboweni c) Makazole Mapimpi c) Kathu c) Fikile Mbalula 16) In which city did Italy declare 28) Who is the federal execu- 9) What is the name of the first a state of emergency after record 23) What is American rapper Belcalis tive council chairperson of the child of Prince Harry and Meghan, fl ooding? Marlenis Almánzar’s professional Democratic Alliance? Duchess of Sussex? a) Venice name? a) John Steenhuisen a) Archie b) Rome a) Cardi B b) Athol Trollip b) Andrew c) Milan b) Nicki Minaj c) Helen Zille c) Alexander c) Young MA 17) Which Kardashian sibling 29) US actor Donald Glover performs 10) Which A-list celebrity was became the world’s youngest self- 24) The former prime minister of music under a stage name. What is kicked in the back while he was in made billionaire at just 21? which country gave a South African it? South Africa? a) Kendall Jenner bikini model nearly $16-million? a) Childish Gambino a) Jean-Claude van Damme b) Kylie Jenner a) Syria b) Frank Stagliano b) Chuck Norris c) Kim Kardashian b) Lebanon c) Donny D c) Arnold Schwarzenegger c) Jordan 18) Which WWE wrestling super- 30. Who is the new deputy public 11) Who won the 2019 Fifa Women’s star did South African rapper Sho 25) The xenophobic violence in protector? World Cup? Madjozi write a song about? September came before an official a) Kholeka Gcaleka a) Brazil a) The Rock state visit of an African president b) Buang Jones b) Germany b) The Undertaker to South Africa. Which country is c) Kevin Malunga c) United States c) John Cena

12) England are the Cricket World 19) Which country did Jair Bolsonaro Cup champions. But which country become president of in January? did they beat in the fi nal? a) Chile a) India b) Argentina b) New Zealand c) Brazil c) Australia 20) On which international hit TV 13) The Rugby World Cup was show did the Ndlovu Youth Choir hosted in Japan. Which country make waves? did the hosts beat in the fi rst game Rapper, See question 23 a) America’s Got Talent GETTING FESTIVE with Rich Mnisi + Chef Nti

DECEMBER 2019

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2 # ontrend December 2019 # ontrend December 2019 1 CONTENTS

DESIGN 4 Interior inspiration — must-haves and the loveliest luxury gifts. 6 Kholisa Thomas IT’S WHAT’S transforms the world with art — starting with your walls

STYLE INSIDE 9 Local fashion brings the bright stuff for fun in the sun and after dark 12 It’s been a big year for Rich Mnisi — here’s how he’s winding down A note from this issue’s editor GLOW UP alking to Nti Ramaboa made it clear that this has been a year 14 The first sleep rooms in Africa make for for being multi-faceted: she’s published her cookbook with superior shut-eye 16 Discover Afari, skincare Quivertree, catered for thousands at a time and taken her with a mission — and some special ingredients culinary skills in front in the camera. Then, there’s Rich 18 Locally made soaps, scents and incense Mnisi, a man whose energy and creativity seems to know make for fragrant festivities Tno bounds, and whom we suspect is just getting started. It’s possible for all of us to do and be more than one thing, so why TASTE not choose entertainment, shopping and celebrations that are 20 Sugarbird Gin’s Day One Initiative — wrapped with some added benefits? As we’ve moved deeper delicious drinks that do no harm 22 Raise a into the festive season and our team has assembled pages glass to gifts for hosts with the most — and showcasing some of the country’s most exciting talent, with great taste 26 Chef Nti talks cooking for a it’s become evident that there are all kinds of ways crowd and what she’s celebrating this season to use your gifts for good. Every day it becomes 28 Four must-try cafés offer a delicious break easier to live so that our most mundane actions are from frantic festivities imbued with giving back, thanks to the labours of love performed by those creators whose businesses ENTERTAINMENT are designed around sustainability, empowerment 31 As our schedules fill up, maybe experiences and upliftment. As we’ve filled these pages with the make the ultimate gift 32 Membership and items we’d love unwrap, it’s been my pleasure to subscription gifts that’ll keep giving all year discover that there’s gin and coffee looking out for the environment, skincare with TRAVEL the empowerment of women at its 34 For sun and serenity, head to the Karoo by heart, fashion brands pushing the rail or to sleep under the stars local production agenda, and an art consultancy changing our ways of TECH seeing society. 42 SA minds in Silicon Valley make the Taking a slower, kinder and internet more accountable smarter approach to the season doesn’t mean missing out. As MONEY Rosie Goddard explains, time 48 December-proof your budget with good can be the greatest gift of advice from local experts all, so take some of it this season to celebrate your successes. EDITOR-IN-CHIEF SUBEDITOR If it hasn’t been Khadija Patel Derek Davey your year, you get a @khadijapatel brand new one in just PUBLICATION a few weeks, so enjoy COVER DESIGN AND your present! Ricardo Simal LAYOUT Russel Benjamin Supplements & Lethabo Hlahatsi Cayleigh Bright Special Projects Manager Printed by Chrystal Dryding Caxton Printers CHEF NTI [email protected] 14 Wright Street Industria West 2093 Tel: 011 249 7000

2 # ontrend December 2019 Ferndale | Kramervillle | Pretoria Umhlanga | Ballito | Pietermaritzburg

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# ontrend December 2019 3 UNWRAPPED Deck the Halls!

Add festive flair to any space with this selection of decor and design pieces – ideal for hosting

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4 # ontrend Design December 2019 Pirelli Calendar For fans of feminist reinterpretations, fine art and Shakespeare alike, 2020’s Pirelli Calendar is a sight for sore eyes

Rihanna, R3 220

The Story of Tsitsikamma Bar Cart; made to order by Gardening, AVOOVA, prices from R38 000 R490

he new year might Tsitsikamma forest. mean you have a Bar cart in place and stocked up? new place that you Next, pile up the coffee table with T need to make your useful and beautiful own, or perhaps you’re just books such as Little sprucing up your space for the Library Year and The season — so there’s no better Story of Gardening, in time to invest in the things that which you’ll learn about Poetry make a house a home, and to how and why we came to Pink stock up on gifts. cultivate plants for their Agate For fans of feminist reinterpre- inherent beauty, tracing an Coaster, tations, fine art and Shakespeare engaging narrative through his- R99 alike, 2020’s Pirelli Calendar is a sight tory from the Aztecs to our own times. for sore eyes: some of the most gifted Showcasing another natural won- women in music and film reimagining der, Rihanna is an eye-catching vol- the role of Juliet. ume that’ll shine bright in any setting, If that’s not the year-long inspira- while The Africa Cookbook provides tion you’re after, there’s Belvedere’s “A inspiration — both culinary and Beautiful Future” collaboration with entrepreneurial. Janelle Monáe, which takes an opti- Make a statement while taking a seat mistic look forward, following a pro- in Meuble’s art- ject inviting people around the world fully crafted to envision brighter days. dining chairs, AVOOVA’s Bar Cart collection com- and add some Little prises contemporary, eye-catching finishing Library design depicting jungle flora, touches with Year, beautifully fash- coasters and R560 ioned in ostrich tapas bowls: gifts eggshell and that are always celebrating suited for good the abundance times. of the ancient —James Nash Poetry Pink Tapas Bowl with Brass Meuble Dining Base, R140 Chair, R2950 The Africa Cookbook, R390

# ontrend Design December 2019 5 PRESENT TENSE Can you s an art dealer and consultant, Kholisa Thomas has long believed in the power of art to spark important Aconversations, but she is also aware of the gap that exists between art world insiders and those who have picture been historically excluded. With the foundation of her online platform artfull, she aims to make buying art more accessible — and that’s just the beginning of her mission of education, inspiration, and dismantling patriarchal systems. this? Cayleigh Bright: The festive months can be frantic, but are also a chance to take stock of the past year. What are you celebrating this season? artist or medium you like, get expert to be authentic in their beliefs and in Zwide, Port Elizabeth, where I’m Kholisa Thomas: I’m celebrating advice, read up, speak to people in the values or to make bold, controversial from. Together with the boards, we the successful launch of artfull and know. Looking at art online, on gallery statements. I collect artists who push organise two key fundraising events the incredible artists and creatives websites, museum websites, Instagram culture forward in terms of progressive every year: a Joburg Gala for Ubuntu I worked with to bring it to life. I’m and YouTube is a great way to start ideas and new ways of thinking. I also Pathways and Thanksgiving Dinner celebrating being South African and if you don’t have the time to attend collect artists who create items of for Kgololo Academy, auctioning art the creativity, resilience and hope every exhibition and gallery opening. beauty: reflective, spiritual or nostalgic donated by the artists I work with to we’ve all demonstrated through a CB: What factors do you consider work, the kind of work that makes raise the much-needed funds to run very challenging year. I’ll also be when you’re providing art advisory people feel uplifted and hopeful when them successfully. Combining my two celebrating time with my family and services to your clients? they walk into your home. A good part passions of art and education to create the simple pleasures of life: unrushed KT: A first-time buyer needs a lot of my collection is gifts from the artists real change through these institutions mornings with my kids, sunsets and of information and someone to guide I’ve worked with over the years; these gives my work greater purpose and catching up on books and movies I them through the maze that the “art are my most treasured items. They’re meaning. didn’t have time for during the year. world” can be; they want the overall sentimental to me and remind me CB: If there were no restrictions at CB: Much of your business has context and bigger picture. They’d how privileged I am to work with such all, what would be your ultimate art stemmed from your desire to fill empty like to understand the finer details, artists. gift? walls with art. What would be your first such as: “how do I know I’m paying CB: Art is, of course, a very personal KT: To create a global art collection piece of advice to someone who wants fair value for the artwork?” or “what is choice. Can it make a good gift? of female artists from around the to adorn their walls, but has no idea a print edition, and should I be buying KT: If you know the person you are world. There’s a huge imbalance what they’re looking for? editions in the first place?” They need buying for well, then I say go for it. in terms of female artists being KT: You’ve got to familiarise real foundational facts about how Art as a gift is not for the boss, the recognised and collected in the art yourself with the product you want the art market works. More seasoned colleague or the person you sit on world. Humanity is going through to buy. There’s so much out there in buyers are looking for ways to expand a board at school with. It’s for your one of its most challenging periods terms of variety in art. I think people their scope of knowledge and access — intimate relationships: your mother, in history as the old paradigms of underestimate this and when they to know the key players in the industry, father, siblings, best friends and, of patriarchy, war, racism and fear-based arrive at a gallery or art fair, the sheer the artist, the galleries, the museums course, your lover. control are being dismantled. What are number of choices can be intimidating. and the collectors. They want to delve CB: It’s the season for giving, and we to replace this old system with? I Your first assignment when deciding deeper into an artist’s practice, where artfull’s given that plenty of thought believe female artists have, like women what you’re looking for is to get out they are located in the art world and with the Art of Giving. Could you tell all over the world, in all professions, there and see as much art — and as what their long-term career might look us a little about how this aspect of had their voices suppressed, many different kinds of art — as you like. your business came about? rejected, belittled and ignored for possibly can. Don’t be too selective or Wherever the client is on their art KT: My other passion is education, centuries. They hold the key to judge yourself when you’re looking at journey, it should be a relationship and in the South African context of creating a new vision for the world: art. For just that moment, leave behind based on trust, professionalism and poverty and inequality, education is a world that’s more compassionate, what anyone tells you about what you strong ethics. the one tool that can truly transform equal, sustainable and values every “should” like. Art is as much mind as CB: Could you tell us a little about a child’s life. I sit on the board of individual’s right to freedom. it is heart. Be open to being intuitive what’s on your own walls? Kgololo Academy, a private school in artfull.co.za about what you like: trusting yourself KT: What’s on my walls is what I love. Alex offering high-quality education kgololoacademy.org will guide you well in your art-buying I collect work by artists I admire, artists for the community of Alex, and ubuntupathways.org journey. Once you’ve found a style, who take risks and are not afraid Ubuntu Pathways, an educational —Cayleigh Bright

6 # ontrend Design December 2019 artfull founder Kholisa Thomas envisions a world transformed by art

# ontrend Design December 2019 7  
      
    



 
          



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   7 
*H  B 8 # ontrend Design December 2019 UNWRAPPED Let the sunshine

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# ontrend Style December 2019 9 Billabong Cat’s Eye Sunglasses, R349.95

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10 # ontrend Style December 2019 Polo Advert

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@polosouthafrica PRESENT TENSE What would RICH MNISI do?

Fashion tips for this festive season from a man enjoying his place in the sun (but not partying there)

f he’s not jet-setting to destina- tions on your bucket list, he’s between Jo’burg and Cape Town living his best life, work- ing and making it all look as Ifashionable as ever. In September, Rich Mnisi bagged the Essence Emerging Designer of the Year award. He’s dressed Beyoncé, Naomi Campbell, Bonang Matheba and virtually every style influencer worth a mention on Instagram. As a multifaceted creator, his tastemaking goes beyond creating gorgeous garments to styling, provid- ing creative direction on cover shoots and lookbooks and more recently, his second installation of collectable fur- niture from Southern Guild Gallery. Who better to tell us how to make the most of the season than an icon who seems to celebrate life with as much vigour as his audience celebrates his work?

Jabulani Dlamini-Qwesha: What are five statement fashion pieces one shouldn’t go without during the festive season? Rich Mnisi: I don’t necessarily

12 # ontrend Style December 2019 believe in the idea of trends and key pieces, because I think they take away from the idea of style, so I’m all about winging it based on how I feel. But if you are a person who does need a starting point for expressing your style, you can never go wrong with a pants suit, a sequined dress, a Crystal Birch hat (wide brim with feathers) and anything by Rich Mnisi. In fact, local fashion in general; most South African designers are really in touch with trends, what’s happening around them and what South Africans enjoy wearing.

JDQ: What is your strategy for pack- ing when you travel? RM: First of all, I’m the last person to answer this because I’ve been known to pack 23kg luggage for a week-long trip. But what has helped when I’ve considered my limitations is planning two looks per day and packing those pieces, instead of just taking every- thing and figuring it out as I go.

JDQ: What is one look that can take you from day to night? RM: Wearing either a jumpsuit or a pantsuit; all you need to update are the accessories and you’re good to go to any function.

JDQ: Without ruining any surprises for anyone, what are the gifts you’re choosing to give loved ones this year? RM: A lot of bags, kettles and alco- hol, and I’m getting books for my nieces and nephews. Just a lot of func- tional things. JDQ: Top places to hang out and get the best of the festive spirit in Jo’burg and Cape Town? RM: My party, 2 Million Icons. It’s the main thing people should look forward to in December.

JDQ: Day parties or night time vibes? RM: Night-time parties: I don’t like drinking in the sun, it makes my skin feel strange.

JDQ: Any tips for keeping to a healthy lifestyle and avoiding fatigue over the party season? RM: Drink lots of water, take multivi- tamin supplements and get as much sleep and rest as you can between the festivities. —Jabulile Dlamini-Qwesha

# ontrend Style December 2019 13 Wander list

LET’S GET SOME REST

The continent’s first sleep rooms are designed for better sleep – and not just for the weekend

t’s a matter of supply and demand, a highly relaxing few days, those who take and to those for whom sleep is proving part will ideally take away the resources for elusive, it’s a commodity that’s ever better rest in the long term. more valuable. The facilities at the first Renowned wellness consultant Harry “sleep rooms” in Africa, at Cape Town’s Jameson has been instrumental in creating IEllerman House, are designed to counter the the wellness retreats of which these sleep chaotic overstimulation that many hotels — rooms are an integral component. He’ll and the world at large — present. be on hand for consultations with guests, The rooms are entirely devoid of who’ll also enjoy a specially planned menu electronics, in place of the beeping, flashing, and cooking class, as well as fitness and spa buzzing and, dare we say it, ringing? Guests activities. All in all, it sounds far superior to are welcomed to the room with a sleep counting sheep. pack, which includes shut eye-inducing Ellerman House Wellness Retreats are supplies such as pillow and linen mist, eye open for 2020 bookings at R100 000 per masks and CBD chamomile tea. The hotel’s three-day retreat for a single occupancy wellness team guides guests through and R120 000 for a double occupancy. Ellerman House’s signature Sleep Ritual, Dates and further information can be found which is designed to help the body naturally at ellerman.co.za increase melatonin. In addition to enjoying — Cayleigh Bright

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shop online at www.wellnesswarehouse.com# ontrend Glow up December 2019 15 PRESENT TENSE It’s what’s inside

s a former beauty editor In the search for Afari’s groundbreaking key and founder of rubybox, ingredient, Margaux Knuppe found the women who Margaux Knuppe has come to favour the simplest, most are the essence of the brand effective of products. Her Aapproach to the business of luxury skin- care is similarly no-nonsense: she firmly believes that those paying a premium for something special will also gladly give something back.

Cayleigh Bright: Afari was a long time in the making, and you must have heard “you’ll never find that ingredient” more than once. Could you tell us more about this? Margaux Knuppe: After selling ruby- box in late 2014, I was invited on Sean Privett’s Fynbos Trail in the heart of the Cape Floral Kingdom. Learning that there are 8 000+ species of fynbos in South Africa, of which 6 000 are endemic, meant one thing to me: opportunity. How can we only know about the skin-repair- ing properties of rooibos and buchu — surely there had to be another indigeous species with incredible skincare benefits? I was on a mission to find this unknown botanical as I wanted to showcase it to the rest of the world. I approached a well-known cosmetic chemist to see if there was a new, indig- enous active ingredient that we could include in a luxury, anti-ageing skincare range. He didn’t know of any other local species that had anti-ageing benefits that had also been clinically tested. As the beauty industry thrives on innovation, I embarked on a journey to find a new botanical with anti-ageing benefits. Raw ingredient suppliers told me I was looking for a needle in a haystack and that every time I identified a new poten- tial raw ingredient I would have to spend hundreds of thousands to see if it had any skincare benefits — and I would have to conduct my own clinical trials. I spoke to the head of phytochemistry at Wits: no luck. At dinner with my ex-business partner from rubybox, I filled her in on my ingre- dient hunt and her husband told me about a friend who was farming moringa in Limpopo. He introduced us, but we didn’t manage to meet face-to-face. Time passed and I heard from the cosmetic chemist again, who had just returned from an annual raw ingredi- ents expo in Paris. He had met up with a farmer from Limpopo who had just

16 # ontrend Glow up December 2019 greater community. As an Afari customer, others ways are your products unique or you keep this circle of upliftment flowing. unusual? CB: How do you feel about giving MK: As a time-poor, working mum, I beauty products as gifts? wanted to create a skincare range that MK: I’ve always given gifts that I would addressed the major signs of ageing — like to receive, and beauty products have fine lines, wrinkles, dehydration, enlarged been a big part of that. The joy a new fra- pores, pigmentation and dullness — in grance, lipstick or treatment can bring four products. Three to use in the morn- means I always include beauty products ing (Priming Cleanser, Brightening Elixir in my gift giving. People tend to stick and Protecting Day Cream SPF30) and to what they know, so by gifting new or three for the evening (Priming Cleanser, niche beauty products, I’ve often intro- Brightening Elixir and Overnight duced some of my favourites to others. Regenerating Cream). Plus, I wanted to CB: How did your experience as a support local women and empower other beauty editor influence Afari? women while doing so. finished clinical trials on a brand-new MK: In my career, when I was paid to Now that I have the ingredient, with the indigenous raw ingredient called Bulbine test products, I learnt to read ingredient clinical results to back it up, as well as the frutescens. Can you believe it? It was the labels and scientific journals in the pursuit fact that it’s being sustainably farmed by same farmer. of finding the best products for articles. female harvesters who directly benefit After reading through the clinical trial Having tested thousands of products from the sales, it’s just a matter of show- results, I knew the ingredient was going and numerous trends, including the K casing Afari to the rest of the world. to be a gamechanger. Beauty 10-product skincare routine, and CB: If there were no restrictions, what Importantly, the farm employs mostly as a working mum in her early thirties, I would be on your ultimate skincare wish- women in rural Limpopo and produces was looking for an anti-ageing range that list this season? the Bulbine frutescens in a socially and addressed all the major ageing concerns MK: I would use the Afari skincare col- environmentally sustainable manner. in as few products as possible. Plus, I lection daily, but my bathtime routine The production facility meets European wanted to support the local industry and would include Susan Kaufmann Oil Bath standards and the agricultural process empower women. for the Senses followed by a good help- used to produce it is ECOCERT certified I wanted an indigenous ingredient with ing of La Mer Body Crème. And the big- organic. skincare benefits — and antioxidant lev- gest luxury of all would be to have the CB: It’s been a big year for you. Other els on par with Idebenone and green tea bathroom to myself, with no interruptions than bringing your skincare range to life, those purchasing the end product. — that we could showcase to the rest of from the little people in my life. what are you celebrating this season? I believe that there are customers, the world. I wanted to house it in a luxury CB: Looking ahead to next year, what’s MK: I’m fortunate to have most of my particularly millennials, who are willing skincare range with a conscience. one change that you’d love to see in the family close by, so I’m looking forward to to pay a premium for products that do Another thing that was important for beauty industry? spending some quality time with them good, almost like a luxury tax: it justi- me was to find airless pumps for the MK: There’s still a perception of Africa over the holidays. fies an indulgence. The premium can be packaging. Even though jars are per- being an untapped resource, and it’s true CB: It’s also, of course, the season for passed on to people who need it most. ceived as more premium, oxygen and — South Africa ranks as the third-most giving. Could you tell us a little about In Afari’s case, we source our break- bacteria that get in each time you open biodiverse country in the world, which what you’ve called Afari’s “circle of through ingredient, Bulbine frutescens, the jar can degrade active ingredients. I in the plant-based raw ingredient world upliftment”? from an organic farm in rural Limpopo, wanted to ensure the Afari skincare col- translates to a lot of opportunity. I’d like MK: I wanted to empower women where it is sustainably cultivated by lection is effective down to the last pump to see more brands, both local and inter- through the skincare range; both those at female harvesters from the local commu- in the bottle. national, sourcing locally, fuelling job cre- the source who are planting and harvest- nity. Each Afari product sold directly ben- CB: Your key ingredient and your busi- ation and reducing their carbon footprint. ing the raw ingredient in Limpopo, and efits these women, their families and the ness model make Afari special. In what — Cayleigh Bright

# ontrend Glow up December 2019 17 Unwrapped

*Apartment.

Created in Johannesburg, *Apartment is a niche perfum- ery producing a limited range of evocative unisex scents. If the brand’s beautifully minimal packaging doesn’t have you feeling a little more peaceful already, Please Wait Here’s notes of Hinoki, pine, cedarwood, san- dalwood, violet leaf, violet and moss — intended to evoke the Japanese onsen (hot spring) experience — certainly will. SKOON. 50ml eau de parfum, R1 200

In this limited edition gift pack, you’ll find your favourite SKOON. moisturiser along with a 15ml Rosehip C+, the ideal care for after sunset. Founded by engineer Stella Ciolli and formulated in the Cape, SKOON. is a natural skincare collection that uses non-toxic ingredients such as pure plant oils, rich nut butters, exquisite floral essences and botanical extracts.

Limited edition gift set, R600.

3 block soap with wooden beads House of Gozdawa

In addition to fragrances made from only natural essential oils and carriers, this small batch perfumery now creates hand-rolled incense from natural woods and resins, 500g hand along with handmade soaps. Combining sculpted soap 25 incense natural essential oil perfume blends with sticks olive oil and nut butter, the soaps make an ideal gift for anyone who deserves the time to unwind after a busy year.

500g hand sculpted soap ball with hand made glass and wooden beads, R535 3 block soap with wooden beads, R245 100g soap bar R84 25 incense sticks with a wooden burn stand, R235 15ml eau de parfum travel vial, R695 50ml eau de parfum, R1950

15ml eau de 50ml eau de parfum travel parfum vial

18 # ontrend Glow up December 2019 FACIALS | NAILS | WAXING | MASSAGES BROWS | LASHES & MORE

HOT TOWEL SHAVES | HAIR CUTS | FACIALS MASSAGES | WAXING | MANICURES PEDICURES

HAIR | WEAVES | NAILS | WAXING BRAIDS | NATURALISTA FACIALS & MORE # ontrend Glow up December 2019 19 EARLYPRESENT TENSE BIRDS

For Nzeka Biyela’s innovative gin brand, gifting season presented a time for sustainable change

he festive season means big and not try to do it all at once. If you’re business for Nzeka Biyela not sure, ask, and ask again. Delve a bit and Sugarbird, the gin deeper so that you can understand it brand that she co-founded fully yourself. with Rob Heyns following Tan overwhelming, record-breaking CB: You describe yourself and your response to a crowdfunding campaign business partner as socially conscious, for “The People’s Gin” back in 2017. but what was the moment at which Not only is this the season to eat, you realised that this is particular was drink, and be merry, but it’s also the an issue you needed to address and a ideal weather for a gin-and-tonic — and change you needed to make? Sugarbird has made the most of this by NB: Sugarbird Gin is about three producing seasonal gift sets, crackers, things: innovation, entrepreneurship, gin-filled Christmas baubles and even a and fynbos. From an innovation point Ginvent calendar. of view, this year we had two objectives: But in the midst of the sparkling reducing our environmental impact celebrations and endless Instagram and reducing costs to our consumers. notifications tagging Sugarbird in We determined which of our activities posts featuring end-of-year lunches, have a positive impact, which create family celebrations and hotel check-in waste, and where our opportunities gifts, Biyela began to wonder about the for improvement lay. Switching to PET environmental impact of her product. not only reduces waste to landfill but We caught up with her to hear about also lowers our carbon emissions by her journey to get Sugarbird to Day 66%! We partnered with PETCO and One of its sustainability journey. learnt more about Extended Producer Responsibility: a way of thinking CB: What’s your advice to those that puts the responsibility on the who feel overwhelmed by all of the producer to manage the disposal of details on the path to becoming a more the products they produce. This made mindful consumer? us look internally to take responsibility NB: We found it just as overwhelming for our output, beyond just making our as anyone would, albeit with the product. extra pressure of having to share this CB: The Sugarbird Day One information with our community. My Bag Collection works well as a advice is to take it one step at a time visual, wearable representation of

20 # ontrend Taste December 2019 your environmentally conscious and sustainable change within our endeavours. Why else was it important company to create a better world — to you to introduce this part of the and helps us to give the public a way to process? get involved too.

NB: We wanted to make sure we CB: From what you’ve learned close the loop and minimise waste at recently, how optimistic are you about every point. We couldn’t just end at South Africa’s potential for positive recycling the bottles: we had to ensure environmental change? what wouldn’t be recycled back into NB: Very positive: I think South bottles needed to be down-cycled to African consumers are a lot more something else, to avoid waste going aware and curious. to landfill or landing up in the oceans. We’ve learnt the main barrier is the amount of information, and CB: How does Day One align with misinformation, out there. Which is your positioning as “The People’s Gin”? why there was a need for our Day One NB: Without the people, this initiative initiative. There’s still more to be done, wouldn’t be feasible and achieving and the more we educate ourselves what it needs to achieve. Day One for and each other, the more changes we Change is a Sugarbird Gin initiative can make as consumers. that allows us to make a meaningful —Cayleigh Bright

# ontrend Taste December 2019 21 MAKEUNWRAPPED A SPLASH

Treat yourself or your loved ones with these tasteful gifts, ideal for any of your Springfield Estate The Work of Time, loved ones. Cheers to that! R178

Jean Roi Cap Provincial Rosé Pour a little more. 750ml R230, 1.5L R480, hether you’re make a special gift for someone 3L celebrating who’s had a year of successes R1010 in the sun or to celebrate, while those feeling safely home spirited will enjoy Sun Camino with your Floral Rum, Glenmorangie ALLTA Wloved ones, this selection caters Wil Yeast Single Malt Private to all tastes and inclinations. Edition 10 or Roku Gin. Springfield Estate’s coveted The Sundowner Society’s Albariño makes for an ideal Botanical Bombs infuse drinks pairing for a festive meal, while with mixology-grade flavours The Work of Time and Miss and pair particularly well Springfield Estate Lucy are ideal gifts for your with The Duchess Alcohol- Miss Lucy, gracious host. Free G&T. They’re also R120 If you’re the one completely compostable welcoming guests, you’ll and printed with want to investigate Jean vegetable inks. Roi Cap Provincial For those whose Rosé’s festive sizes drink of choice is one — the 1.5-litre for starts the morning company, and the with a kick, coffee at 3-litre for a crowd — home just got a little and put Le Creuset’s more eco-conscious, Soiree Signature too: 4WKS provides Round Casserole on biodegradable pods your wishlist. that have the added Champagnes by appeal of containing Veuve Clicquot, Moët your favourite flavours & Chandon, Dom from the likes of Pérignon and Ruinart Rosetta and Deluxe. are sure to start any party off right, and — James Nash

Springfield Estate Veuve Clicquot Albarino, Ruinart Champagne Blanc de Blancs, 2008 Vintage, R120 from R995 from R950

22 # ontrend Taste December 2019 The Duchess The Duchess Greenery or Floral Bubbly Alcohol- Alcohol-Free Gin Free Gin and and Tonic 375ml Tonic 750ml, four-pack, R99 R79

Moet & Chandon Imperial 150th Anniversary Edition from R529

Glenmorangie ALLTA Wil Yeast Single Malt Private Edition 10, from R3900

Le Creuset Soiree Dining Set R5595 The Sundowner Society Botanical + Free 4 x Le Bombs Jozi collection, Creuset Mini R199 Coccotes Dom Pérignon Rosé (Valued R1640) 2006, from R3900

4WKS Pods jar of 28 Deluxe or Terbodore pods, R340 Naked or Rosetta jars R370

Roku Gin available in a Festive Pack, Sun Camino Floral Rum, R299 R299

# ontrend Taste December 2019 23 20 EXECUTIVE20 EDUCATION

Technological change and the Fourth Industrial Revolution are transforming the global business landscape in unprecedented ways.

Increasing competition, shifting customer tastes and requirements, the globalisation of markets and changing demographic trends, are drastically altering how organisations operate in almost every region and industry in the world.

In this new era of complexity and uncertainty, bold, innovative and visionary leadership is required from both business and government alike. The business environment in Africa in particular, requires a fresh and innovative approach, one that is contextually relevant and mindful of socio-economic dynamics and culture beyond conventional business acumen.

Executive Education at the JBS therefore offers targeted and customised interventions that are rich in industry insights, and reinforced by the latest innovative thinking required in the era of Industry 4.0, enabling delegates to achieve their full potential professionally and personally. 2020 SHORT COURSES & FORUMS

EXECUTIVE EDUCATION JBS Executive programmes are rich in industry insights and reinforced by the latest innovative thinking to succeed in Industry 4.0.

COURSE DATE DURATION COST (ZAR)

Strategy: Design and Execution 30 – 31 January 2 days R5 500 Behavioural economics 18 – 19 February 2 days R5 500 Personal branding and leadership 10 – 11 March 2 days R5 500 The Next Economy 14 – 15 April 2 days R6 500 Storytelling: Creating Your Narrative 13 – 14 May 2 days R6 500 Design thinking for SMEs 25 – 26 June 2 days R5 500

* Programme material included

SIGNATURE PROGRAMMES COURSE DATE COST (ZAR)

Women entrepreneurship and leadership for Africa (WELA) Open Day: 29 January 2020 • All teaching materials, tea breaks are covered. Block 1: 30 March – 4 April 2020 • #NUQKPENWFGUƃKIJVCPFCEEQOOQFCVKQPHQTVJGOQFWNGKP%JKPC Block 2: 11 – 16 May 2020 Block 3: June, 2020 Block 4: 13 – 14 July, 2020 R165 000,00

Business in industry 4.0 Open Day: 20 February 2020 6JKUKPENWFGU7%$GTMGNG[EGTVKƂECVKQP • Block 1: tbc • Flights and accommodation are excluded Block 2: tbc R150 000,00

We also provide customised offerings, contact [email protected] for more info. www.jbs.ac.za • 2TKEGUCTGEQTTGEVCUQH0QXGODGT • 2TKEGUCPFFCVGUOC[EJCPIG +27 11 559 1783 • Subject to terms and conditions. [email protected] # ontrend Taste December 2019 25 PRESENT TENSE A LOT on her plate

Chef Nti talks celebrations, cooking for a crowd and how social media is turning chefs into entertainers

ti Ramaboa has caused with the feeling of being under pressure. something of a stir this It helps me to stay present, aware and in year with her cookbook, My the moment. African Kitchen. The proof of the pudding is in the M&G: You’re a big fan of maize. Could Neating, so on these pages we give you a you tell us more about why you love this taste of what’s inside, and catch up with ingredient? chef Nti about cooking on camera, cater- NR: I’m obsessed with maize meal! ing for a crowd, and her enduring love for Growing up it was on the menu at least maize meal. four times a week, but we only had it one way: boiled! I love to play around Mail & Guardian: It’s been a big year and show people that we can do so for you. Following your success as a chef, much more with it. It’s so versatile, like entrepreneur and cookbook author this the Italian polenta — it’s the same grain, year, are you celebrating this December? after all. My ultimate goal is to help instil a Nti Ramaboa: It’s been an amazing sense of pride for this versatile ingredient year overall, and yes, I am planning to that unites us all as a nation. celebrate BIG! I’ll be spending time with my family around Christmas to celebrate M&G: Do you still cook for yourself and this huge milestone — my cookbook. And others over the holidays? I’m going to travel the continent for more NR: To be honest, not as much as I’d like celebrations with friends. to: because I cook for a living, I find that I love the idea of others cooking for me. M&G: As someone who’s cooked on It’s such a treat! camera, for restaurant guests, and in every situation in between, do you ever M&G: Professionally, you’ve catered still find times where you’re under pres- for thousands. What do you make when sure in the kitchen? you’re catering for a crowd at home? NR: Oh, absolutely. With food I feel like NR: When I’m catering for a crowd at you’re as good as your last plate; each home, I always make it extra special, I go time I cook I’m always stressing about all out! Because, for one, they expect it, flavours, texture, presentation — and it and it makes my heart warm to be able gets worse when I’m cooking in front of to express love like that. I make food the the camera. I’ve learnt to make friends star: I feed them from when they arrive 26 # ontrend Taste December 2019 and then make sure there are treats to go as well. On a good day, I’ll serve anything from a six- to eight-course meal.

M&G: Food posts on social media are divisive, though they’ve won most peo- ple over, slowly but surely. As a chef and someone with a significant following, do you feel that social media has changed the way we cook? NR: Oh absolutely, it has definitely changed the way we cook and eat. It’s all about appearances: your plate must look appealing, so you find home cooks making an effort. Social media has made the dialogue around food bigger, and more on-trend. Because of social media, chefs today are part of mainstream entertainment.

M&G: The images of desserts in your book are especially mouth-watering. What’s one recipe that can tempt even someone who’s not a “sweet” person? NR: Easy: the Almond and Coconut Flan! It’s not too sweet, and the coconut adds to the texture.

M&G: What’s your ultimate food gift? NR: Anything from the heart — the heart of the home — the kitchen. Anything homemade appeals to the foodie in me. Homemade cookies, brit- tles, jams and more.

# ontrend Taste December 2019 27 UNWRAPPED FULL OF BEANS

If you’re seeking out coffee to get you through the final push at work, or to inspire gift shopping and festive celebration preparation, you’re in luck — ‘tis the season for new cafés to open their doors in your city

Clay Pigeon Café It’s traceable from farmer to cup, it’s ethical and eco-conscious, and oh, it’s delicious! Whether you’re after your regular flat white brewed from exclusively African coffee or something a little more fancy, such as their signature Swart sparkling cold brew coffee — or a snack — this spot’s well worth a stop. @clay_pigeon_trading

Milk & Honey Looking for a pretty place to enjoy cake and coffee with a friend you haven’t seen in a while, or want to start your day with a fresh juice? This might be the spot for you; with an iced coffee offering and incentives to use an eco cup, there’s a good chance it’ll become your regular. @milkandhoney_dbn

28 # ontrend Taste December 2019 The Ladder This light, airy space in busy Bree Street has major appeal for casual hangouts and catch-ups. A small but beautifully planned play area lets The Ladder’s littlest customers play at baking, painting, and getting imaginative, while the grownups get to do the same at creative classes and workshops hosted here. @theladder136

Boston Brew This freshly launched café serves their coffee in two sizes — Boston (regular) and Great Dane (large). Their bold branding features a Boston Terrier, and yes, well-behaved puppers and doggos are welcome. Pop in for everything, from a first cup of the day with macadamia milk to a salted caramel latte and treats for those with a sweet tooth. @boston_brew_cafe

# ontrend Taste December 2019 29 R270

R270 R290 R270 R270 R270 R270 R270 R265

R290R345 R350 R275 R230 R320 R320

R250 R205 R189 R545 R160 R170

Prices subject to change • Available while stocks last • www.exclusivebooks.co.za PRESENT TENSE Living in the

Experiential gifts keep on giving, provide the luxury of me-time, and make for less present consumption – all in one neat package

ith time becoming less-shiny alternative is waiting in the our most precious wings. commodity, experi- In recent years, I have started giv- ences may be the ing experiences, whether it’s a sub- most thoughtful pre- scription to a service, a pottery class, Wsents of all. gallery pass, or even a spa day. Time Last Christmas, my mum gave me a is fast becoming one of our most pre- yearly pass to the V&A Museum just cious commodities, and an experience, after I had moved to London. It was the whether it’s learning a new skill or giv- gift that kept on giving: not only was ing someone the opportunity to take a I able to visit one of my favourite gal- moment for themselves, is both touch- leries for free (and feel grateful to her ing and shows you’ve really thought every time I did so), she unknowingly about what they might want or need sent my social currency through the in a different way, and perhaps with an roof. Amid a sea of sold-out shows, I emphasis on their long-term happiness held the key to every queue-jumper’s and wellbeing. As much as I love art, I heart and, for the briefest of years, I would have never thought to buy a gal- had never felt more powerful. lery pass for myself, but the V&A halls We all worry about what to buy our became my Sunday sanctuary in a new loved ones for Christmas — the cousin city that never seemed to switch off. who seems to have it all, the daughter There’s always something to be said with very specific tastes or the sib- for unwrapping a gift that takes your ling who “doesn’t want anything” but breath away, but if we can make little come Christmas, looks utterly crest- moves to cut back on the excess with- fallen upon unwrapping a pair of socks. out diminishing the wow factor, it can We spend weeks fretting about this only contribute to an overflow of fes- before making a distressed purchased, tive cheer come Christmas day. when actually, an eco-friendly but no- — Rosie Goddard

# ontrend Entertainment December 2019 31 GIFTS THAT KEEP ON GIVING

Let your loved ones revel in the experiences that bring them joy all year round. As an added bonus, your gift supports the arts and keeps these organisations thriving

Norval Foundation Cape Town Opera

Membership from R350 2020 Season Ticket R1 000

norvalfoundation.org/membership capetownopera.co.za/shop

Gain free and fast access to Grab the best seats in the house for exhibitions, offers, invitations and no less than seven engaging, modern discounts at Skotnes Restaurant. productions to be staged by Cape Why Should I Hesitate is the first-of- Town Opera over the 2020 Season: its-kind exhibition of works by William La bohème, Fidelio, Hänsel und Gretel Kentridge currently on display, and its and more. title sums up our attitude to becoming a member.

32 # ontrend Entertainment December 2019 Johannesburg Art Gallery Spier Light Art Festival

#FRIENDSOFJAG membership R500 Free admission

Friendsofjag.org spier.co.za

Your membership secures invitation Free to the public, the Spier Light Art to openings, access to lectures, tours, Festival offers a unique opportunity studio visits and special discounts. for enjoyment of the winelands by For those who prefer to fully immerse night. Guests can wander the Spier themselves in the arts, this is a gift estate and explore artworks designed that’s hard to beart. for interaction, with sound and video that bring the exhibition to life. To give the gift of a truly immersive event, book a picnic to enjoy as the sun sets and the lights begin to shine, or consider extending the experience with an overnight stay at the hotel — a Spier Light Art Package is on offer, as well as various options tailored to specific interests.

# ontrend Entertainment December 2019 33 WANDER LIST

Take me to the Karoo Head inland for sun and sand this festive season – and discover a whole lot more

s party season gets into full koppies rise on either side of you like rocky swing and I start RSVP-ing cathedrals and suddenly you’re face-to- to every invite with “Tis The face with a wraparound view that catch the Season!”, my mind drifts not words in your throat. As your eyes roam the to beaches and blue waters, limits of the horizon, the landscape turns Abut to the Karoo. from buttery brown to purple and blue in a matter of minutes. You are suspended On the surface, it’s unforgiving: too in time, and the only thing that matters in hot in summer, icy cold in winter. But that moment is basking in the glow of a there’s beauty to be found around every beautiful afternoon. turn, and a profound sense of calm that accompanies its little moments: watching Life feels slower and simpler in the weaver birds build pepper tree palaces Karoo, the chaos of city life refreshingly from a veranda; arid expanses giving way far removed. Every time I go back, I’m to the languid charm of tiny towns; the reminded that it’s impossible to return majesty of its morning light. from its reaches without a renewed sense of calm, whether you’re train riding, scaling You spend your days hiding from the its passes or meandering down one of its heat, but it’s at sunset when the Karoo jacaranda-lined streets. reveals its true powers of replenishment. — Rosie Goddard As you’re barrelling up a dirt track, — Additional text by Cayleigh Bright

34 # ontrend Travel December 2019 ULTIMATE ESCAPES

KAROO EXPLORATION OPTIONS

Rovos Rail

Sit back and enjoy the serene scenery rushing by, or enjoy seeing the sights over supper: a trip on the Rovos Rail allows for the most lazy and luxe type of Karoo tour. On our trip between Cape Town and Pretoria, the train wound its way through all manner of landscapes on the 1 600km journey, but the desert was the most striking view, while stops in Kimberley and Matjiesfontein allow a closer look at the finer details of this unique terrain. rovos.com

Kagga Kamma

For those who relish sleeping under the sky, there’s possibly no better sky to choose from — and a superlative experience is on offer, with open-air suites that bring exceptional comfort to the outdoors. kaggakamma.co.za

# ontrend Travel December 2019 35 The Lord Milner Hotel

If you’re looking for the classic Karoo accommodation, you’ve come to the right place. In the perfectly preserved village of Matjiesfontein, this heritage hotel has played host to generations of travellers: why not be next to enjoy the gorgeously updated rooms and fresh approach to hospitality? matjiesfontein.com/collections/accommodation

Daniëlskraal For time spent unwinding with families and friends, there’s little substitute for sharing a farmhouse with the free reign of a beautiful garden and refreshing pool. A cool veranda provides the ideal respite from the heat, and the ideal spot for sundowners spent enjoying the spectacular colours of the Karoo sky. danielskraalfarm.co.za | @danielskraalfarm

36 # ontrend Travel December 2019 WANDER LIST You deserve

Daycations, staycations and short breaks a break with big appeal

f you’ve got a full schedule this Salsify, the newest collaboration of to beat The Belmond Mount Nelson. season or feel like you need a renowned chefs Ryan Cole and Luke- The pink-hued walls have become holiday after your holiday, treat Dale Roberts. The tasting menu is the synonymous with excellence and this yourself to a quick escape that ideal way to soak up this duo’s utterly summer, their spa is an especially makes up for lost time. fresh take on seafood, while the wine worthwhile consideration thanks to the IThose looking to spend some time list is short and simple with rare gems Summer Bliss package that includes by the sea this summer will want to try sure to please the connoisseur in any lunch at the Oasis Restaurant and POD, a boutique hotel commanding crowd. access to the venue’s pool, which is views of the beaches below while a In Durban, the ideal retreat for local normally reserved for guests. modern and refined interior design and visitors alike is The Oyster Box With modern design spread across keeps guests at ease. Looking to splash Hotel, with its iconic lighthouse views a verdant garden, The Peech was for out? Rooms with personal heated and offerings ranging from a spa and a private residence for 40 years prior plunge pools are also available. hammam (Turkish bath) to arguably to the hotel opening in 2004 and In the heart of Camps Bay’s buzzing the best high tea in the country. Take a becoming one of Joburg’s best-loved beachfront is The Marly, an acclaimed day trip or make it part of an excursion places to stay. hotel renowned for its five-star fittings that involves exploring more of what Among the other boutique spots and fantastic views. Thanks to recent the city has to offer. putting their unique spin on Jozi’s expansions, there are 38 suites on Looking for a city escape? New heritage are The Munro and The Bristol, offer, complemented by a rooftop pool, hotels that have sprung up this year in both sights for sore eyes as well as lounge, and bar overlooking the beach. the Cape Town CBD include Labotessa, places to lay your weary head after a To complete the seaside experience, Gorgeous George and Dorp Hotel, day spent drinking and dining — as all you’ll want to make a booking at while for classic opulence it’s hard vacations should be.

# ontrend Travel December 2019 37 WANDER LIST

When in Durban…

...Stay at:

The Oyster Box Hotel oysterboxhotel.com

Audacia Manor Boutique Hotel audaciahotel.com Quarters Hotel quarters.co.za

...Drink and dine at:

The Fat Goat facebook.com/pg/thefatgoatvillage

Spiga D’Oro spiga.co.za

Dough Girl @doughgirlza

Dukkah dukkah.co.za

Lupa Osteria lupa.co.za

38 # ontrend Travel December 2019 WANDER LIST

When in Joburg…

… Stay at: Bristol Hotel Rosebank homesuitehotels.com

The Houghton Hotel lhw.com/hotel/ Houghton-Johannesburg-South-Africa

The Crowne Plaza ihg.com/crowneplaza/hotels/us/en/ johannesburg/jnbrb

The Peech thepeech.co.za

The Munro munrohotel.co.za

… Dine at: La Bouqueria laboqueria.co.za

CHE Argentine Grill cheargentinegrill.co.za

La Stalla @lastallajhb

Don Armando Illovo mastrantonio.com/ don-armando-illovo

Koloñaki kolonaki.co.za

# ontrend Travel December 2019 39 WANDER LIST

When in Cape Town…

… Stay at:

Labotessa labotessa.com

Dorp Hotel dorp.co.za

POD pod.co.za

The Marly Boutique Hotel themarly.co.za

Belmond Mount Nelson Hotel belmond.com/mountnelson

...dine and drink at:

Riverine Rabbit riverinerabbit.com

Gorgeous George gorgeousgeorge.co.za

Salsify salsify.co.za

Burrata burrata.co.za

Tamboerswinkel tamboerswinkel.com

40 # ontrend Travel December 2019 # ontrend Travel December 2019 41 PRESENT TENSE SO MUCH TO GIVE

Can a $1-million giveaway build a more honest internet?

Numerai, a Silicon Valley hedge fund born from some of the brightest South African minds, is making a name for itself with a business model that prioritises collaboration over competition. Now, they’re giving away $1-million to anyone building applications on their new protocol, Erasure, a radical system designed to bring accountability to the internet. We speak to Natasha-Jade Chandler, a producer at Numerai and one of a team South African ex-pats making an impact in this star-studded San Fransico company.

James Nash: Numerai is built, to in real-time to global market efficiency, all a certain extent, around the ideal of while making themselves some extra cash democratising financial data and the skills and practising this critical 21st century involved with its analysis. What role do skillset. developing countries such as South Africa have to play? JN: You’ve offered a $1-million Natasha-Jade Chandler: Numerai “giveaway” for those building on your is the world’s first hedge fund to give brand new Erasure platform. How does away all its data for free by cleaning Numerai feel that this gift will help to and regularising financial data and then create a foundation for the future of using cutting-edge, structure-preserving finance and the internet as a whole? encryption to allow anyone in the world NC: The grant program is our way of to make predictions using said data, testing the extent of Erasure’s potential. without ever knowing the finer details. Erasure expands on an idea we first tested Anonymous data scientists from around out at Numerai. With the introduction the world participate in a weekly data of staking and griefing, which is when Numerai’s mission and mechanics are explained in videos using retro motifs science tournament, modelling the data someone burns your stake, we drastically and abstract designs, as seen in these stills and submitting predictions. They have to improved the submissions we receive from stake, essentially placing a bet, on their our data scientists, which got us thinking: submissions as an indicator of confidence. what if you could stake on the quality of This aligns incentives and encourages something you’re selling on Gumtree rational behaviour. The submissions and the buyer could destroy some of are graded, with the best submissions that stake if you were lying? What if you being rewarded while the stakes on bad shopped for secondhand goods online by submissions are burned — or deleted, in seller reputation, printed immutably on the cryptocurrency equivalent to seeing the blockchain? If you had to stake on your paper money go up in flames. Tinder dates, the instances of catfishing To a certain degree, Numerai’s (creating false social media identities) tournament is akin to a math problem: would dramatically drop. It doesn’t matter where you are in the The internet is full of unmanaged world or what your background, language information right now. There’s a world of or profession might be, you just need fake news on Facebook and Twitter and to be able to model data — a skill that’s no real way to punish the distributors of rapidly gaining marketability and value in misinformation. real-world instances outside of finance. The concepts of staking and griefing As internet access becomes more and their ability to show a public track widespread, more people can contribute record of performance and behaviour

42 # ontrend Tech December 2019 Numerai’s beautifully animated videos explain complex mechanics and concepts with enviable ease, using retro motifs and abstract designs

presents a revolutionary form of the provided example Python and accountability. R scripts on our website, which you Although Numerai cares first and can use to start learning to model foremost about performing as a hedge data. As you gain skill, you’ll build a fund, we also care about improving the reputation and claim your place on the web as we know it today. We’d love to leaderboard. Once you’re confident in see more incentive alignment, rational your predictions, you can stake on your acting, and recourse against bad actors. model to earn cryptocurrency. Although not everything needs a Our grant program was created blockchain, the web could do well with to incentivise people to build on the some of the functions the technology platform, even if they’re creating very has made possible. simple applications on the blockchain or building tools to bring staking and JN: How can people get started griefing to existing applications like learning new skills and making money Tinder or Gumtree. All applicants need on Numerai or even apply for a grant to to do is email [email protected] with a build on Erasure? simple specification, development time, NC: Anyone can build a model using team and anticipated build cost.

# ontrend Tech December 2019 43 Five delicious fresh coffees made easier with the new Philips 3200 Series fully automatic espresso machine

Featuring LatteGo, the fastest to clean milk system ever

JOHANNESBURG, SOUTH AFRICA – Royal Philips (NYSE: PHG, AEX: PHIA), a The unique Aroma extract system helps to ensure that your coffee is always global leader in health technology, introduces the innovative Philips 3200 Series brewed at the perfect temperature, cup after cup. The innovative system strikes fully automatic espresso machine, delivering five delicious coffees, each at your the optimum balance between the brewing temperature and aroma extraction by fingertips. Whether you crave an espresso, coffee or a latte macchiato, enjoy your keeping the water temperature between 90o and 98o C, while regulating the water favourite coffee from the comfort of your own home. flow rate. “At Philips, we understand coffee plays an important role in your life and we want to Effortless use and cleaning for everyday enjoyment enrich your life by bringing you the fresh coffee you love, easily. Designed with your With the patented Philips AquaClean water filter, cleaning and maintaining the lifestyle in mind, whether you’re rushed or relaxed, alone or together, the Philips Philips 3200 Series is easy. The AquaClean water filter uses a special filtration 3200 Series fully automatic espresso machine allows you to make coffees at home process to help ensure that you make the most out of your fully automatic espresso in a way that’s refreshingly hassle-free,” says Lucy Jones, Marketing Director, Philips machine. The filter’s unique technology also slows down limescale build-up. Africa. Replacing the filter at the machine’s request gives you the pleasure of a fresh cup of Customized to your taste coffee every day, without the need to descale your machine, for up to 5,000 cups. The Philips 3200 Series fully automatic espresso machine allows you to create five Furthermore, the internal brewing group is fully removable and you can rinse it delicious coffees, including latte macchiato, cappuccino, coffee, espresso, and clean regularly under the tap. americano. Its unique intuitive-touch display enables you to select your favourite So surprisingly easy and unforgettably smooth. Your favorite coffee, effortlessly, coffee, effortlessly. With ‘My Coffee Choice’ you can easily adjust the aroma from preparation to clean-up with the new Philips 3200 Series fully automatic strength and length of any coffee you brew. espresso machine. Available at Hirch’s, Makro, Expert, Takealot and Yuppiechef. The easy-to-use LatteGo milk system, the fastest to clean milk system ever, adds About Royal Philips a splash-free, creamy layer of milk froth to your cup at the optimum temperature. Royal Philips (NYSE: PHG, AEX: PHIA) is a leading health technology company With only two parts and no tubes, the LatteGo can be easily disassembled and rinsed focused on improving people’s health and enabling better outcomes across the clean under the tap in as little as 15 seconds. This makes it the fastest to clean milk health continuum from healthy living and prevention, to diagnosis, treatment and system ever. For extra convenience, the LatteGo milk system is dishwasher safe. home care. Philips leverages advanced technology and deep clinical and consumer High-quality coffee from fresh beans insights to deliver integrated solutions. Headquartered in the Netherlands, By coupling fresh beans (ground and whole) with milk and pure water, you can the company is a leader in diagnostic imaging, image-guided therapy, patient always enjoy fresh homemade coffee from the best ingredients. Thanks to its monitoring and health informatics, as well as in consumer health and home care. durable ceramic grinders, the Philips 3200 Series allows you to enjoy 20,000 cups of Philips’ health technology portfolio generated 2017 sales of EUR 17.8 billion and the finest coffee. To preserve the coffee beans, the aroma seal, which is located on employs approximately 77,000 employees with sales and services in more than 100 the bean container, ensures that the beans maintain their original state over time. countries. News about Philips can be found at http://www.philips.com/newscenter.

44 # ontrend December 2019 STOCKISTS WWW Here’s Where to fi nd What you Want

4WKS | 4wks.coffee

*Apartment. | aptaptapt.co

A Ring to It | aringtoit.co.za

Afari | afari.com

Antonij Rupert Wyne | rupertwines.com

Avoova | avoova.com

Belvedere | belvederevodka.com

Billabong sunglasses | swindle.com

Dom Pérignon | domperignon.com

The Duchess | drinktheduchess.com

FIELDS | fieldsstore.com

Glenmorangie | glenmorangie.com

Giuseppina | [email protected]

Good Good Good | goodgoodgood.co.za

House of Gozdawa | margotmolyneux.com

Jonathan Ball Publishers | jonathanball.co.za

Le Creuset | lecreuset.co.za

Margot Molyneux | margotmolyneux.com

Maylee | orphanstreetclothingshop.com

Meuble Fine Furniture | meuble.store

Moët & Chandon | moet.com

Old Khaki | oldkhaki.co.za

Penguin Random House | penguinrandomhouse.co.za

Poetry | poetrystores.co.za

Project Dyad | projectdyad.com

Quivertree Publications | quivertreepublications.com

Rich Mnisi | richmnisi.com

Roku Gin | suntory.co.jp/wnb/rokugin/

The Sundowner Society | sundownersociety.com

Sealand Gear | sealandgear.com

SKOON. | skoonskin.co.za

Sol-Sol | orphanstreetclothingshop.com

Springfield Estate | springfieldestate.com

Sugarbird Gin | sugarbirdgin.com

Sun Camino | suncaminorum.com

Veuve Cliquot | veuvecliquot.com

All prices and contact details are correct at time of going to print, and every effort has been made to ensure correct contact information.

# ontrend December 2019 45 THE PREMIUMISATION OF A LIFESTYLE

In days gone by, owning a stove, refrigerator, radio or TV was seen as a form of these economies are found across emerging markets such as China, India and status signalling. However today, with technological advances, manufacturing Indonesia, with average ages of 37, 27 and 30 years respectively, accounting ingenuity and globalisation, these items have become ubiquitous. What for 40% of the global population. As these large and young populations age, happened? Essentially, the process of commoditisation has lowered the prices their personal expenditures ultimately change, causing major shifts in global of such goods to the point where the level of quality is standard, which then consumer spending patterns. makes price the key differentiator. CORE PREMIUM ATTRIBUTES Premiumisation lies at the other end of the spectrum and while it may not Essentially, when consumers make a premium purchase, they are prioritising be new, what has changed is the motivation behind consumers’ purchasing some aspect of the item over the price. While value is certainly important, it decisions. With its beginnings traced back to alcoholic drinks in the 1970s, is not measured in pure monetary terms. More specifically, attributes that are premiumisation would historically be referred to as “trading-up” and seen worth paying up for, and which manufacturers should focus on, tend to be as luxury. However, following a multitude of production and manufacturing more experiential in nature: advancements, we can now refer to terms such as “masstige” (i.e. mass market • High quality/safety standards prestige or mass personalisation), the exact opposite of commoditisation. • Superior function and performance Premiumisation, though, is not just about personalisation, and can also focus • Organic and/or all natural ingredients on a product’s rarity, its ingredients, the level of service associated with the • Environmentally friendly/sustainable materials product, its reliability and durability, etc. These we would consider traditional • Unique feature (often intellectually protected) premium attributes. • Socially responsible • Single source of origin Importantly, consumers and their shifting preferences are playing a vital role in the shift towards premiumisation. From a desire for status, quality, brand In short, today’s consumers are increasingly purchasing for both rational affinity, environmental consciousness and superior style, to the subtleties of and emotional reasons. the demographic shifts from Baby Boomers to Gen-X to Millennials to Gen-Z RIDING THE WAVE and their respective purchasing habits, consumers are driving premiumisation Premiumisation as an investment opportunity is borne and driven by the across a variety of products and services. Those who can afford better, want evolution of a multitude of factors. We live in a more populous, prosperous but better, and if they cannot afford better, then they will prioritise for better. ːƃɽɽljɨƃȶǁƺȢɁɰljɨʥɁɨȢǁӝ:ɁȶɰʍȴɥɽȈɁȶɥƃɽɽljɨȶɰƃɨljɰȃȈǹɽȈȶǼǹɨɁȴǁljʤljȢɁɥljǁ Arguably, the greatest tailwind for premiumisation demand is changing to emerging countries and from physical to digital locations. In addition, our population dynamics. Not only has global population growth increased preferences have changed. Businesses operating in the current environment exponentially over the last century, but poverty has also declined substantially. ȴʍɰɽƹljǁʰȶƃȴȈƺƃȶǁːljʯȈƹȢljȈȶɁɨǁljɨɽɁɰȃȈǹɽʥȈɽȃɽȃljɽȈȴljɰӝ{Ɂȶljƃɨljɽȃlj In fact, as recent as 2018, we reached the tipping point where, for the first days of product differentiation by price alone. A much stronger and closer time, over half of the world’s population were estimated to have enough relationship with the consumer is required, ideally one that is ongoing, discretionary expenditure to be considered middle class. This is noteworthy as underpinned by product support and evolution. For investors, premiumisation the middle class essentially drives demand in the global economy, accounting offers the best of both worlds – defensive qualities for two-thirds of global household consumption. underpinned by middle class demand and growth, as new markets, new products and new consumers According to the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development are capitalised. (OECD), the middle class is expected to grow to 5.3 billion by 2030, accounting for 63.5% of the world population. It is therefore abundantly clear why businesses are making it a key priority to capture the middle-class segment of the global population. Sameer Singh, Research Analyst at Intuitively, the bulk of this middle class growth is expected to come from the Old Mutual Wealth Private Client Securities youngest (by population age) and fastest growing economies. Unsurprisingly,

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WEALTH DO GREAT THINGS EVERY DAY # ontrend Money December 2019 47 Old Mutual Wealth is brought to you through several authorised Financial Services Providers in the Old Mutual Group who make up the elite service offering. PRESENT TENSE Plan, More money guidance shop from local Most of us spend like experts there’s no tomorrow over the festive and be weeks. We asked Niq Mhlongo Black Tax: Burden or the experts how you Ubuntu? can enjoy a plentiful Jonathan Ball merry holiday season and still survive January Palesa Longolo Stokvels: How They can Make ho hasn’t stretched the budget for the same price as an average restaurant Your Money Work for over the festive season and meal, and bringing and sharing means that You lived to regret it? We asked local you can buy larger portions that cost less. Penguin Random House Wfemale finance authors how to Find out about free events in your city to make celebrate in style — without the stress. for a more interesting festive season. Have a plan Learn to say ‘no’ Anthea Gardner Make Your Money Work “In the festive hype, it’s easy to lose con- This is a tough one for social butterflies and trol of costs,” says Palesa Longolo, author of people-pleasers, but the fact is that you can’t for You: Start Big, Think Stokvels: How They can Make Your Money attend every festive event if you want to save Small Work for You. “So a detailed budget to stick your money and your sanity. Stick to those Jonathan Ball to is vital for surviving this season financially. events that you absolutely have to attend — Remember December income is also for such as work functions — and those that you January costs. It’s not going to be December feel genuinely excited about, then practise Warren Ingram forever, so think of long term finances too.” your most polite: “Sorry, I can’t make it.” Become Your own Shop the sales – but strategically Make more money Financial Advisor Once you’ve got your budget in place and “Many of us are never taught how to negoti- Penguin Random House know what you’ve got to spend on gifts, ate for a better salary, especially women,” says entertainment or holiday outfits, you can Beckbessinger. If you’re feeling stretched this safely enjoy festive sales. Sure, they’re there season, resolve to know your worth, and ask Sam Backbessinger to promote more spending, but if you know accordingly in the new year. “Margaret Neale Manage Your Money what you’re after and what they usually cost, has some excellent videos on the topic that Like a F*cking Grown-up you’ll be okay snapping up discounted snacks you can find online, for free. If that’s not an and drinks or a three-for-two offer on items option, it might be time to start a side hustle.” Jonathan Ball that can be gifts for your child’s teacher, the office Secret Santa, and the auntie who has Have an emergency fund everything. This advice holds true all year round, but espe- Thobelani Maphumulo cially so over the silly season: if you possibly Invest your Way to Wealth Give yourself pocket money can, you should put aside some money for Penguin Random House “If you’re an impulse spender, try keeping unexpected expenses. The best part? If no your day-to-day spending money in a sepa- emergencies arise, you can use it for whatever rate bank account (or as cash), and topping it brings you joy in January, even if that’s rein- up every Monday,” says Sam Beckbessinger, vesting it for 2020’s festive frivolity. Karabo Che Makoape author of Manage Your Money Like a F*cking The 7 Things Every Grown-up. “It’s much easier to manage a Use time off to plan an abundant Young Black week’s worth of money than a month’s.” year Entrepreneur Should “Give yourself the gift of financial literacy this Take some initiative in social plans Know festive season,” suggests Anthea Gardner, Penguin Random If you’re spending the season with friends and author of Make Your Money Work for You: family whose financial lives vary greatly, you’ll Start Big, Think Small. “Start by understand- House save everyone stress by making some sugges- ing the power of compounding: you’ll never tions for low-cost activities that everybody look at saving and investing in the same way can enjoy. You can plan a pretty lavish picnic again.”

48 # ontrend Money December 2019 Tshepo the Jean Maker

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4 # ontrend December 2019