A New Practical and Easy Method of Learning After the System
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PE112 ,58 A5 1883 c.li 1080078054 APPLETONS' Wrage's Key to same. 12mo. I.ehrbach der Englischen Sprache. Key to same. Wrage and Monfanti's Method of Learning Spanish, on Ollendorff's System. German, Italian, am Swish Text-Books. (For Germans to Learn Spanish.) 12mo. Key to same. # German Primer. First German Reader. GERMAN TEXT-BOOKS. Adler'8 Progressive German Reader. 12mo. ITALIAN TEXT-BOOKS. Hand-Book of German Literature. 12mo. Dictionaries. See MEADOWS and MILLHOUSE. German-and-English and English-and-German Dictionary. CompUed from the best aathorities. Large 8vo. Fontana's Elementary Grammar of the Italian Language. 12mo Abridged German-and-English and English-and-German Dictionary. 840 Foresti's Italian Reader. l2mo. pages. 12mo. Meadows's Italian-English Dictionary. A new revised edition. Aim's German Grammar. 12mo. Milllionse's NewEnglish-and-Italian Pronouncing and Explanatory Dictionary. Bryan's Praktische Englische Grammatik. 12mo. Second edition, revised and improved. Two thick vols., small 8vo. Dictionaries. See ADLER. Nuovo Tesoro di Scherzi, Massime, Proverbi, etc. Î vol., i2mo. Cloth. Eichhorn's Practical German Grammar. 12mo. Ollendorff's New Method of Learning Italian. Edited by F. FORESTI. 12mo. Key to do. Heydenreich's Elementary German Reader. With a full Vocabulary. 12mo. Primary Lessons. 18mo. Kroeh, Charles F., A. M. The First German Reader. 12mo. Mastery Series-German. In this Method the Study of Grammar is wholly Eoemer's Polyglot Reader (in Italian). Translated by Dr. Botta. excluded, as being antagonistic to the Natural Process. By THOMAS PREN- Key to same, in English. DERGAST. 12m0. Oehlschlaeger's Pronouncing German Reader. 12mo. SPANISH TEXT-BOOKS. Ollendorff's New Method of Learning German. Edited by G. J. ADLER. 12mo. Ahn. A New, Practical, and Easy Method of Learning the Spanish Language, Key to do. after the System of F. AHN, Doctor of Philosophy and Professor at the College New Grammar for Germans to Learn the English Language. By P. GAUDS. ofNeuss. 12mo. 12mo. Key to Spanish Grammar. Key to do. 12mo. Butler. The Spanish Teacher and Colloquial Phrase-Book : An Easy and Agree- Koemer's Polyglot Reader (in German). Translated by Dr. SOLGER. 12mo. able Method of acquiring a Speaking Knowledge of the Spanish Language. Key to same (in English). 12mo. By FRANCIS BCTLER. 293 pages. 18mo. De Belem. The Spanish Phrase-Book; or, Key to Spanish Conversation: con- Schulte. Elementary German Course. By ADAM E. SCHULTE, Teacher of Ger- man in the Public Schools of the City of New York. 12mo. taining the Chief Idioms of the Spanish Language, with the Conjugations of Wrage's Practical German Grammar. 12mo. the Auxiliary and the Regular Verbs-on the plan of the late Abbé Bossuet. By E. M. DE BELEM. 88 pages. 18mo. PRACTICAL AND EASY METHOD OF LEARNING THE SPANISH LANGUAGE. AFTER THE SYSTEM F. AHN, DOCTOR OP PHILOSOPNR AND PROFESSOR AT THE COLLEOE OF NECSS. FIKST AMERICAN EDITION, REVISED AND ENLARGED. NEW YORK: D. APPLETON AND COMPANY,' 1, 8, AND 5 BOND STREET. 1883. 13084 PREFACE. BIBLIOTECA " LEARN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE AS YOU LEARNED YOUR MOTHER-TONGUE"—this is, in a few words, the method which Professor Ahn has so successfully adopted in his Continental Grammars. It is the way that nature herself follows,—it is the lù.tered according to Act of Congres», ln tho year 1860, by same which the mother points out in speaking to her D. APPLETON & CO., child, repeating to it a hundred times the same words, In lie Clerk's Office of the District Court of tbe United Statw «<r Un Southern District of New York. combining them imperceptibly, and succeeding in this way to make it speak the same language she speaks. To learn in this manner is no longer a study—it is an amusement. The editor of this Grammar has followed the rational system which has already procured for Professor Ahn a European reputation, and he has adopted it for the study of the Spanish Language. He is greatly indebted to the excellent Grammars of Lespada and Martinez, which he has used for the groundwork of this Grammar, and it is hoped that its simplicity and utility will pro- cure for it that favor which the German, French, and Italian Grammars of Professor Aim have already found OahÎ in the colleges and schools of England. FOMDO ««/iifaBiuswoB r THE EDITOR. mmm PREFACE. BIBLIOTECA " LEARN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE AS YOU LEARNED YOUR MOTHER-TONGUE"—this is, in a few words, the method which Professor Ahn has so successfully adopted in his Continental Grammars. It is the way that nature herself follows,—it is the lù.tered according to Act of Congres», ln tho year 1860, by same which the mother points out in speaking to her D. APPLETON & CO., child, repeating to it a hundred times the same words, In lie Clerk's Office of the District Court of tbe United Statw «<r Un Southern District of New York. combining them imperceptibly, and succeeding in this way to make it speak the same language she speaks. To learn in this manner is no longer a study—it is an amusement. The editor of this Grammar has followed the rational system which has already procured for Professor Ahn a European reputation, and he has adopted it for the study of the Spanish Language. He is greatly indebted to the excellent Grammars of Lespada and ^fartinez, which he has used for the groundwork of this Grammar, and it is hoped that its simplicity and utility will pro- cure for it that favor which the German, French, and Italian Grammars of Professor Aim have already found OahÎ in the colleges and schools of England. FOMDO ««/iifaBiuswoB r THE EDITOR. mmm CONTENTS. PRONUNCIATION The Alphabet Double Letters Division of Syllables Punctuation Accent - Exercises in Pronunciation PART I. THE AETICLE Declension of the Article On the Use of the Article Declension of Substantives Declension of Proper Names Examples on the Article ADJECTIVES On the Government of Adjectives Diminutives Augmentatives The Comparison of Adjectives Irregular Comparisons On the Construction of a Sentence with "Tanto"and "Cuanto" Numeral Adjectives—1. Cardinal Numbers 2. Ordinal Numbers 3. Collective Numbers 4. Fractional Numbers 5. Proportional Numbers PEONOTTNS Personal Pronouns Possessive Pronouns Demonstrative Pronouns ; Relative Pronouns Interrogative Pronouns Indefinite Pronouns On the rendering of the English "One," "They" COLLECTION OF WOBDS 57 EASY DIALOGUES 62 NAMES of some Spanish-American Fruits, Vegetables, etc., not usually found in the Dictionaries 72 PART II. VERBS.—AUXILIARY VERBS 78 PRONUNCIATION. The auxiliary verb Haber, to have 78 The auxiliary verb Tener, to have, to possess 80 The auxiliary verb Ser, to be 83 The auxiliary verb Estar, to be 86 Observations on the verbs Ser and Estar 87 REGULAR VERBS 90 THE ALPHABET. 1st conjugation in AR.—Arnar, to love 90 THE Spanish alphabet has twenty-seven letters, of 2d conjugation in EE.—Temer, to fear....' 94 which the following are the names: 3d conjugation in IK.—Partir, to divide 98 Observations on the Regular Verbs 100 Letters. Name«. LetterI. Name». PASSIVE, REFLECTIVE, AND IMPERSONAL VERBS 101 1. a, all. 15. n, ai-nay. 2. b, bay. 16. a, ai-nyay. The Passive Verb 101 3. c, thay. 17. O, oh. The Reflective Verb 102 4. ch, tchay (as in chain). 18. p, pay- The Impersonal Verbs 103 5. d, day. 19. q, koo. THE IRREGULAR VERBS 103 6. e, ay (as in hay). 20. r, ai-ray, or air-ray. 1st conjugation in AR 103 7. f, éf-fay. 21. s, és-say. 2d conjugation in ER Ill 8. g, hay. 22. t, tay. 9. h, ah-tchay. 23. u, 00. 3d conjugation in IR 119 10. i, ee. 24. v, vay. Of the Participle 129 11. j, ho-tah. 25. x, ai-kiss. ADVERBS 12. 1, ai-lay. 26. y, (ee vowel, or ee gree- Observations on the Adverbs 132 13. 11, ai-lyay. ai-gah). PREPOSITIONS 14. m, ai-rnay. 27. z, thai-tah. Prepositions followed by DE 133 K and w are not Spanish letters, but are used in Prepositions followed by A 133 foreign words. CONJUNCTIONS All the letters are feminine in Spanish. INTERJECTIONS 134 READING LESSONS The vowels are a, e, i, 0, u, and y when it stands by Narration itself, or at the end of a word, or of a syllable imme- Anecdota 137 diately followed by a consonant. They must be fully MODELS OF LETTERS and distinctly pronounced, and are never silent, except Esquelas o Billetes manuscritos 140 u in the syllables gue, gui, que, qui. When the u is to Cartas de Enliorabnena 141 be sounded in them, it is marked with two dots over it; Cartas de Comercio 143 thus, argüir (ar-goo-ir), agüero (ah-goo-er'-oh). The con- IDIOMATIC PITEASES sonants must be fully sounded, particularly at the end of the words. 1. J. is pronounced as in the English words 0. II is always silent, except at the beginning of words brazo, arm. alarma, alarm. followed by ue or xia, in which case it has a very area, ark. mano, hand. soft and slightly nasal sound, as in hueso, bone. 2. B, as in English: 10. /, as the English ee in eel, or i in machine: baston, cane. boca, month. ilustre, illustrious. inútil, useless. barbero, barber. ieifo, handsome. 8 C before a, o, u, I, r, and when it is at the end of a 11. J has a guttural sound, harsher, however, than the syllable, sounds like k in English; as, aspirated h in English. Before e or i, it sounds as the <j does in Spanish before the same letters: canal, canal.