GORMANITE, Fe2*,Al*(Poo)R(OH)
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Mineral Processing
Mineral Processing Foundations of theory and practice of minerallurgy 1st English edition JAN DRZYMALA, C. Eng., Ph.D., D.Sc. Member of the Polish Mineral Processing Society Wroclaw University of Technology 2007 Translation: J. Drzymala, A. Swatek Reviewer: A. Luszczkiewicz Published as supplied by the author ©Copyright by Jan Drzymala, Wroclaw 2007 Computer typesetting: Danuta Szyszka Cover design: Danuta Szyszka Cover photo: Sebastian Bożek Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27 50-370 Wroclaw Any part of this publication can be used in any form by any means provided that the usage is acknowledged by the citation: Drzymala, J., Mineral Processing, Foundations of theory and practice of minerallurgy, Oficyna Wydawnicza PWr., 2007, www.ig.pwr.wroc.pl/minproc ISBN 978-83-7493-362-9 Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................9 Part I Introduction to mineral processing .....................................................................13 1. From the Big Bang to mineral processing................................................................14 1.1. The formation of matter ...................................................................................14 1.2. Elementary particles.........................................................................................16 1.3. Molecules .........................................................................................................18 1.4. Solids................................................................................................................19 -
38Th RMS Program Notes
E.fu\wsoil 'og PROGRAM Thursday Evening, April 14, 2011 PM 4:00-6:00 Cocktails and Snacks – Hospitality Suite 400 (4th Floor) 6:00-7:45 Dinner – Baxter’s 8:00-9:15 THE GUALTERONI COLLECTION: A TIME CAPSULE FROM A CENTURY AGO – Dr. Renato Pagano In 1950, the honorary curator of the Museum of Natural History in Genoa first introduced Dr. Renato Pagano to mineral collecting as a Boy Scout. He has never looked back. He holds a doctorate in electrical engineering and had a distinguished career as an Italian industrialist. His passion for minerals has produced a collection of more than 13,000 specimens, with both systematic and aesthetic subcollections. His wife Adriana shares his passion for minerals and is his partner in collecting and curating. An excellent profile of Renato, Adriana, and their many collections appeared earlier this year in Mineralogical Record (42:41-52). Tonight Dr. Pagano will talk about an historic mineral collection assembled between 1861 and 1908 and recently acquired intact by the Museum of Natural History of Milan. We most warmly welcome Dr. Renato Pagano back to the speakers’ podium. 9:15 Cocktails and snacks in the Hospitality Suite on the 4th floor will be available throughout the rest of the evening. Dealers’ rooms will be open at this time. All of the dealers are located on the 4th floor. Friday Morning, April 15, 2011 AM 9:00 Announcements 9:15-10:15 CRACKING THE CODE OF PHLOGOPITE DEPOSITS IN QUÉBEC (PARKER MINE), MADAGASCAR (AMPANDANDRAVA) AND RUSSIA (KOVDOR) – Dr. Robert F. Martin Robert François Martin is an emeritus professor of geology at McGill University in Montreal. -
STRONG and WEAK INTERLAYER INTERACTIONS of TWO-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS and THEIR ASSEMBLIES Tyler William Farnsworth a Dissertati
STRONG AND WEAK INTERLAYER INTERACTIONS OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS AND THEIR ASSEMBLIES Tyler William Farnsworth A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Chemistry. Chapel Hill 2018 Approved by: Scott C. Warren James F. Cahoon Wei You Joanna M. Atkin Matthew K. Brennaman © 2018 Tyler William Farnsworth ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Tyler William Farnsworth: Strong and weak interlayer interactions of two-dimensional materials and their assemblies (Under the direction of Scott C. Warren) The ability to control the properties of a macroscopic material through systematic modification of its component parts is a central theme in materials science. This concept is exemplified by the assembly of quantum dots into 3D solids, but the application of similar design principles to other quantum-confined systems, namely 2D materials, remains largely unexplored. Here I demonstrate that solution-processed 2D semiconductors retain their quantum-confined properties even when assembled into electrically conductive, thick films. Structural investigations show how this behavior is caused by turbostratic disorder and interlayer adsorbates, which weaken interlayer interactions and allow access to a quantum- confined but electronically coupled state. I generalize these findings to use a variety of 2D building blocks to create electrically conductive 3D solids with virtually any band gap. I next introduce a strategy for discovering new 2D materials. Previous efforts to identify novel 2D materials were limited to van der Waals layered materials, but I demonstrate that layered crystals with strong interlayer interactions can be exfoliated into few-layer or monolayer materials. -
Bobdownsite, a New Mineral Species from Big Fish River, Yukon, Canada, and Its Structural Relationship with Whitlockite-Type Compounds
1065 The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 49, pp. 1065-1078 (2011) DOI : 10.3749/canmin.49.4.1065 BOBDOWNSITE, A NEW MINERAL SPECIES FROM BIG FISH RIVER, YUKON, CANADA, AND ITS STRUCTURAL RELATIONSHIP WITH WHITLOCKITE-TYPE COMPOUNDS KIMBERLY T. TAIT§ Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2C6, Canada MADISON C. BARKLEY, RICHARD M. THOMPSON, MARCUS J. ORIGLIERI, StaNLEY H. EVANS, CHARLES T. PREWITT AND HEXIONG YANG Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, 1040 E. 4th Street, Tucson, Arizona 85721–0077, U.S.A. ABSTRACT A new mineral species, bobdownsite, the F-dominant analogue of whitlockite, ideally Ca9Mg(PO4)6(PO3F), has been found in Lower Cretaceous bedded ironstones and shales exposed on a high ridge on the west side of Big Fish River, Yukon, Canada. The associated minerals include siderite, lazulite, an arrojadite-group mineral, kulanite, gormanite, quartz, and collinsite. Bobdownsite from the Yukon is tabular, colorless, and transparent, with a white streak and vitreous luster. It is brittle, with a Mohs hardness of ~5; no cleavage, parting, or macroscopic twinning is observed. The fracture is uneven and subconchoidal. The measured and calculated densities are 3.14 and 3.16 g/cm3, respectively. Bobdownsite is insoluble in water, acetone, or hydrochloric acid. Optically, it is uniaxial (–), v = 1.625(2), = 1.622(2). The electron-microprobe analysis yielded (Ca8.76Na0.24)S9.00 3+ 2+ (Mg0.72Fe 0.13Al0.11Fe 0.04)S1.00(P1.00O4)6(P1.00O3F1.07) as the empirical formula. Bobdownsite was examined with single-crystal X-ray diffraction; it is trigonal with space group R3c and unit-cell parameters a 10.3224(3), c 37.070(2) Å, V 3420.7(6) Å3. -
New Mineral Names*,†
American Mineralogist, Volume 106, pages 1537–1543, 2021 New Mineral Names*,† Dmitriy I. Belakovskiy1 and Yulia Uvarova2 1Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 18 korp. 2, Moscow 119071, Russia 2CSIRO Mineral Resources, ARRC, 26 Dick Perry Avenue, Kensington, Western Australia 6151, Australia In this issue This New Mineral Names has entries for 11 new species, including bohuslavite, fanfaniite, ferrierite-NH4, feynmanite, hjalmarite, kenngottite, potassic-richterite, rockbridgeite-group minerals (ferrirockbridgeite and ferro- rockbridgeite), rudabányaite, and strontioperloffite. Bohuslavite* show a very strong and broad absorption in the O–H stretching region –1 D. Mauro, C. Biagoni, E. Bonaccorsi, U. Hålenius, M. Pasero, H. Skogby, (3600–3000 cm ) and a prominent band at 1630 (H–O–H bending) with F. Zaccarini, J. Sejkora, J. Plášil, A.R. Kampf, J. Filip, P. Novotný, a shoulder indicating two slightly different H2O environments in the –1 3+ structure. The weaker band at ~5100 cm is assigned to H2O combination R. Škoda, and T. Witzke (2019) Bohuslavite, Fe4 (PO4)3(SO4)(OH) mode (bending + stretching). The IR spectrum of bohuslavite from HM (H2O)10·nH2O, a new hydrated iron phosphate-sulfate. European Journal of Mineralogy, 31(5-6), 1033–1046. shows bands at: 3350, 3103, 1626, 1100, 977, 828, 750, 570, and 472 cm–1. Polarized optical absorption spectra show absorption bands due to 3+ 3+ electronic transitions in octahedrally coordinated Fe at 23 475, 22 000, Bohuslavite (2018-074a), ideally Fe4 (PO4)3(SO4)(OH)(H2O)10·nH2O, –1 triclinic, was discovered in two occurrences, in the Buca della Vena baryte and 18 250 cm . -
The Phosphate Mineral Arrojadite-(Kfe) and Its Spectroscopic Characteri- Zation
This may be the author’s version of a work that was submitted/accepted for publication in the following source: Frost, Ray, Xi, Yunfei, Scholz, Ricardo, & Horta, Laura (2013) The phosphate mineral arrojadite-(KFe) and its spectroscopic characteri- zation. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 109, pp. 138-145. This file was downloaded from: https://eprints.qut.edu.au/58843/ c Consult author(s) regarding copyright matters This work is covered by copyright. Unless the document is being made available under a Creative Commons Licence, you must assume that re-use is limited to personal use and that permission from the copyright owner must be obtained for all other uses. If the docu- ment is available under a Creative Commons License (or other specified license) then refer to the Licence for details of permitted re-use. It is a condition of access that users recog- nise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. If you believe that this work infringes copyright please provide details by email to [email protected] License: Creative Commons: Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.5 Notice: Please note that this document may not be the Version of Record (i.e. published version) of the work. Author manuscript versions (as Sub- mitted for peer review or as Accepted for publication after peer review) can be identified by an absence of publisher branding and/or typeset appear- ance. If there is any doubt, please refer to the published source. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2013.02.027 1 The phosphate mineral arrojadite-(KFe) and its spectroscopic characterization 2 3 Ray L. -
New Mineral Names*
American Mineralogist, Volume 87, pages 1731–1735, 2002 New Mineral Names* JOHN L. JAMBOR1,† AND ANDREW C. ROBERTS2 1Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada 2Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth Street, Ottawa K1A 0E8, Canada BRODTKORBITE* The mineral occurs as blue crusts, to 5 mm thickness, and W.H. Paar, D. Topa, A.C. Roberts, A.J. Criddle, G. Amann, as coatings, globules, and fillings in thin fissures. The globules µ R.J. Sureda (2002) The new mineral species brodtkorbite, consist of pseudohexagonal platelets, up to 50 m across and <0.5 µm thick. Electron microprobe analysis gave Y2O3 42.2, Cu2HgSe2, and the associated selenide assemblage from Tuminico, Sierra de Cacho, La Rioja, Argentina. Can. Min- La2O3 0.3, Pr2O3 0.1, Nd2O3 1.3, Sm2O3 1.0, Gd2O3 4.8, Tb2O3 eral., 40, 225–237. 0.4, Dy2O3 3.7, Ho2O3 2.6, Er2O3 2.5, CaO 0.5, CuO 10.9, Cl 3.0, CO2 (CHN) 19.8, H2O (CHN) 10.8, O ≡ Cl 0.7, sum 103.2 Electron microprobe analyses gave Cu 26.2, Hg 40.7, Se wt%, corresponding to (Y3.08Gd0.22Dy0.16Ho0.11Er0.10 Nd0.06Sm0.05 Tb0.02La0.02Pr0.01Ca0.08)Σ3.91 Cu1.12(CO3)3.7Cl0.7(OH)5.79 ·2.4H2O, 32.9, sum 99.8 wt%, corresponding to Cu2.00Hg0.98Se2.02, ide- simplified as (Y,REE)4Cu(CO3)4Cl(OH)5·2H2O. Transparent, ally Cu2HgSe2. The mineral occurs as dark gray individual anhedral grains, up to 50 × 100 µm, and as aggregates to 150 × vitreous to pearly luster, pale blue streak, H = ~4, no cleavage 250 µm. -
Maricite Nafe2+PO4
2+ Mari´cite NaFe PO4 c 2001-2005 Mineral Data Publishing, version 1 Crystal Data: Orthorhombic. Point Group: 2/m 2/m 2/m. Rarely as crudely formed crystals, elongated along [100], usually radial to subparallel in nodules, to 15 cm; forms include {010}, {011}, {012}, {032}. Physical Properties: Hardness = 4–4.5 D(meas.) = 3.66(2) D(calc.) = 3.69 Optical Properties: Transparent to translucent. Color: Colorless, pale gray, pale brown. Streak: White. Luster: Vitreous. Optical Class: Biaxial (–). Orientation: X = a; Y = b. Dispersion: r>v; weak. α = 1.676(2) β = 1.695(2) γ = 1.698(2) 2V(meas.) = 43.5◦ 2V(calc.) = 43.0◦ Cell Data: Space Group: P mnb. a = 6.861(1) b = 8.987(1) c = 5.045(1) Z = 4 X-ray Powder Pattern: Big Fish River area, Canada. 2.574 (100), 2.729 (90), 2.707 (80), 1.853 (60), 3.705 (40), 2.525 (30), 1.881 (30) Chemistry: (1) (2) P2O5 42.5 40.83 FeO 37.4 41.34 MnO 3.1 MgO 0.8 CaO 0.0 Na2O 16.5 17.83 Total 100.3 100.00 (1) Big Fish River area, Canada; by electron microprobe, average of six analyses; corresponding to Na0.91(Fe0.89Mn0.07Mg0.03)Σ=0.99P1.02O4. (2) NaFePO4. Occurrence: In phosphatic nodules in sideritic ironstones. Association: Ludlamite, vivianite, quartz, pyrite, wolfeite, apatite, wicksite, nahpoite, satterlyite. Distribution: From the Big Fish River area, Yukon Territory, Canada. Name: Honors Dr. Luka Mari´c(1899–?), Professor of Mineralogy and Petrology, University of Zagreb, Croatia. -
New Mineral Names*
American Mineralogist, Volume 65, pages 808-814, 1980 NEW MINERAL NAMES* Mrcnnel Frnrscnr,n. L. J. Cnnnr. G. Y. CHeo,qNp Aoorr PABST Amicite* (Ru6 esoOsr 67alr6 e26)As1 e5 (Rua s56Os6sq3lr6 s33Cu6 62aXAs1 e2sS6615Sbs 0o1) A. Alberti, G. Hentschel and G. Vezzalini (1979) Amicite, a new (Ru6,seaOso ' 6r116 663)(As 1 otr) natural zeolite. Neues fahrb. Mineral. Monatsh., 481-488. "nnSo (Ru6 se6Oss s73lr6 63r)As 1 e7s A. Alberti and G. Vezzalini (1979) The crystal structure of ami- The ideal formula is thus RuAs2. cite, a zeolite. Acta Crystallogr., 358,2866-2869. Precession and Weissenberg X-ray studies show the mineral to Electron microprobe analysis (av. of l0) gave SiO2 36.38, Al2O3 be orthorhombic, Pnnm or Pnn2, a : 5.41, b : 6.2M and c : 29.46 Fe2O3, MgO, BaO traces, CaO 0.22, SrO 0.03, Na2O 8.22, 3.01L, z : 2; D calc. : 8.6928/cm3. Strongest lines of the X-ray K2O 12.96, H2O (loss of wt. on dehydration) 12.80, sum lO(J.UlVo, diffraction pattern (28 lines given) obtained with a home-made corresponding to K3 rrNa3 u,Ca665(417 B6Sis 24)032' 9.61H2O, or Gandolfi+ype cam€ra are: 2.000(50X121), 1.920(l00X2l l), KoNaoAlgSirO.2' l0H2O. TG and DTG curves are given; the lat- r.s0l(90)(002,311), 1.210(70x411,1s0), 1.187(70x132), ter shows a sharp peak at4O-I2O"C and a broad one at 260oC. An 1.133(80)(430),1.095(90X341), 1.083(40X322). The mineral is iso- infrared spectrum is given. -
THE 6Th INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM on GRANITIC PEGMATITES
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE 6th INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GRANITIC PEGMATITES EDITORS WILLIAM B. SIMMONS KAREN L. WEBBER ALEXANDER U. FALSTER ENCARNACIÓN RODA-ROBLES SARAH L. HANSON MARÍA FLORENCIA MÁRQUEZ-ZAVALÍA MIGUEL ÁNGEL Galliski GUEST EDITORS ANDREW P. BOUDREAUX KIMBERLY T. CLARK MYLES M. FELCH KAREN L. MARCHAL LEAH R. GRASSI JON GUIDRY SUSANNA T. KREINIK C. MARK JOHNSON COVER DESIGN BY RAYMOND A. SPRAGUE PRINTED BY RUBELLITE PRESS, NEW ORLEANS, LA PEG 2013: The 6th International Symposium on Granitic Pegmatites PREFACE Phosphate Theme Session Dedicated to: François Fontan, André-Mathieu Fransolet and Paul Keller, It is a pleasure for the organizing committee to phosphates during the evolution of the pegmatites introduce the special session on phosphates, as an and on their relationship to other mineral phases, important part of the program of the 6th such as silicates. These kinds of studies are getting International Symposium on Granitic Pegmatites. more and more abundant, with some interesting The complexity of phosphate associations, examples in this volume. commonly occurring as a mixture of several fine- We take this opportunity to honor François grained phases, make their study difficult. However Fontan, Paul Keller and André-Mathieu Fransolet. over the last decades, the number of publications on These three exceptional researchers have pegmatite phosphate minerals has increased contributed enormously to the advancement in the exponentially as a result of new techniques. The knowledge on phosphates during the last decades. early investigations focused on description, They worked individually and jointly, always in an composition and paragenesis. Now that most of the enthusiastic, effective and tireless way. They passed phases have been extensively described and their knowledge and interest in phosphates onto replacement sequences of secondary phosphates are many younger researchers. -
The Phosphate Mineral Arrojadite-(Kfe) and Its Spectroscopic Characterization ⇑ Ray L
Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 109 (2013) 138–145 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Spectrochim ica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecu lar Spect rosco py journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/saa The phosphate mineral arrojadite-(KFe) and its spectroscopic characterization ⇑ Ray L. Frost a, , Yunfei Xi a, Ricardo Scholz b, Laura Frota Campos Horta b a School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia b Geology Department, School of Mines, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG 35,400-00, Brazil highlights graphical abstract " We have undertaken a study of the arrojadite-(KFe) mineral. " Electro n probe analysis shows the formula of the mineral is complex. " The complexity of the mineral formula is reflected in the vibrational spectroscopy. " Vibrational spectroscopy enables new information about this complex phosphate mineral arrojadite to be obtained. article info abstract Article history: The arrojadite- (KFe)mineral has been analyzed using a combination of scanning electron microscopy and Received 22 October 2012 a combination of Raman and infrared spectroscopy. The origin of the mineral is Rapid Creek sedimentary Received in revised form 6 February 2013 phosphatic iron formation ,northern Yukon. The formula of the mineral was determined as Accepted 12 February 2013 K Na Ca Na ðFe Mg Mn Þ Al ðPO Þ ðPO OH ÞðOHÞ . Available online 27 February 2013 2:06 2 0:89 3:23 7:82 4:40 0:78 R13:00 1:44 4 10:85 3 0:23 2 The complexity of the mineral formula is reflected in the spectroscopy. -
Wigksite, a New Mineral from Northeastern Yukon
Canadiun Mineralogist Vol. 19, pp. 377-380(1981) ,... WIGKSITE,A NEW MINERAL FROM NORTHEASTERNYUKON TERRITORY B. DARKO STURMAN Department of Mineralogy and Geology,Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen'sPark, Toronto, Ontario MSS 2C6 DONALD R. PEACOR Department of GeologicalSciences, University ol Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan48149, U.S.A. PETE J. DUNN Departrrlentol Mineral Sciences,Snrithsonian lnstitution, Washinsron,D.C. 20560,U.S.A. Ansrnecr (343,610). On trouve la wicksite en plaquettes bleues dans des nodules des formations ferrugineu- Wicksite NaCa2(Fe2+,Mn)aMgFes+(POo)u.2HrO ses et des shales stratifi6s le long de la rividre Big is orthorhombic, space group Pbca, with refined Fish (dans le Nord-Est du territoire du Yukon). cell parametersa 12.896(3),b l2.5ll(3), c 11.634 Cette espdce nouvelle est bleu fonc6 ou vert fonc6 (3) A; Z - 4. The strongest eight ljnes in the en sections minces, opaque en fragments 6pais. X-raydiffraction powder pattern [d in A G)&kl)l Duret| 4Vz-5, clivage {010} bon, densit6 3.54 (me- are 3.502(20)(230), 3.015(80)(411), 2.910(80) surde), 3.58 (calcul6e). Elle est biaxe positive, a (004), 2.868(30)(420), 2.837(30)(104), 2.753 1.713(3),p 1.718(3),t 1.728(3),2Y 660) fotte- (ro0)(412,042), 2.s71(40)(422) and 2.118(60) ment pl6ochroique, X bleu, Y bleu verditre, Z bttn - (343,610). Wicksite occurs as blue plates in nodules jaundtre pdle, absorption X Y > Z. Irs donn6es in bedded ironstone and shale along the Big Fish analytiques (microsonde, ADT-ATG, titration avec River in northeastern Yukon Territory, The new le dichromate de potassium) donnent AlrO3 0'51' mineral is dark blue or dark green in thin frag- Fe,Or 7.98, NazO 3.08, FeO 22.66, MgO 3.77, MnO ments; large fragments are opaque.