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GORMANITE, Fe2*,Al*(Poo)R(OH)

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GORMANITE, Fe2*,Al*(Poo)R(OH) Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 19, pp. 381-387(1981) GORMANITE,Fe2*,Al*(POo)r(OH)u.2H,O, THE FERROUS ANALOGUE OF SOUZALITE,AND NEW DATA FOR SOUZALITE B.D. STURMAN eNp J.A. MANDARINO Departmentof Mineralogy & Geology,Royal Ontario Museunr, 100 Queen'sPark, Toronto, Ontario MSS 2C6 M.E. MROSE U.S. GeologicalSurvey, National Center,Stop 959, Reston,Virginia 22092,U.S.A. P.J. DUNN Deportnrciltol Mineral Sciences,Smithsonian Institution, llashington, D.C. 20560,US.A. ABSTRACT nent a la composition (Mg1.rsFe2*r.rrMno.or)"r.oo (Alr.s:Fe3+o.zr)"o.or(POn)r.r.(OH)e.gs'1.82 H2O. Par Souzalite,ideally Mg3Al4(PO4) {( OH ) 6.2H,O, and contre, nous obtenons (Fez+r.soMgr.r6Ca6.6aMn6.ns) gormanite, +o.ru) ideally Fe2+rAl4(PO)4(OH)s.2H2O, are s2.6s( Al3.s2Fe3 POn)r.*( OH )..rr. I .69 HnO isostructural and form a solid-solution series. New pour la gormanite"o.,r( du Nord-Est du Yukon. Les analytical data for souzalite from the Corrego cristaux de gormaniten en lames allong6es, rem- Frio pegmatite, Minas Gerais, Brazil, yield the plissent des fissures dans une formation de roches composition (Mg1.7sFe!+1.1sMns.d)1"...(Alr."rFea+ferrugineuses. Duret6 4 ?r 5, plan de s6paration ,.r.) POr)g.ru(OH ),.31. 1.82HrO, whereas the (calc.), "n.or( [001], clivage {001} indistinct, densitd 3.13 composition of analyzed gormanite from the north- 3.12 (mes.). La gormanite est bleu-vert et donne eastern Yukon Territory is (Fes+1.s6Mg1.2rCa...nune rayure vert pile; optiquement, l'6chantillon Mnn.m) 12.sx(Alg.82Fe3+s.36) la.tr(PO, ) n.oo(OH ) 1.69 analys€ est biaxe n6gatif, 2V 53o (mes.); a 1.619 ".r2. HrO. Cormanite occurs as elongate blades in the (3), p 1.653(3), z 1.660(3); pl6ochroique,absorp- fractures of an iron formation. Gormanite crvstals tion X - Z 1 Y; X incolore, Y bleu, Z incr.lore, have a hardness of 4-5, parting along planes Z L b (direction d'allongement) = 14o. La gor- {001}, poor {001} cleavage, density 3.1il gZcms manite est triclinique, Pl ou PI, a 11.79(l), b (calc.) and 3.12 g/cms (meas.). The mineral is 5.ll(l), c 13.61(1)A, o 90050(5)',p 99o00(5)', blue-green and has a pale green streak. Analyzed r90o05(5)'; Z - 2. trs si6 raies les plus intenses gormanite is biaxial, optically negative, with- 2V du clich6 de poudre fd en \(I)(hkl)l sont:4.?61 530 (meas.);a 1.619(3),p 1.653(3),r 1.660(3); (60)(0ll), 3.3e5.(100)(013), 3.r54 (60)(113, - absorption: X Z ( Y; pleochroism: Xcolorless, 302), 3.062(40)(213), 2.925(80)(311) et 2.5s4 Y blue, Z colorless; Zltb (eloneation) - 14o. (e0)(020,4r r ). Gormanite is triclinig, pl or p7, a 11.79(l), b (Iraduit par la Redaction) 5.11(l), c 13.61(1)A, a 90050(5)',p 99"00(5),, - z 90005(5)'; Z 2. fhe strongestsix lines in the Mots-clds: gormanite,souzalite, Yukon, phosphate, powder pattern td in A o&k0l are: 4.261(60) min6ral nouveau. (0rr), 3:395(100)(013), 3.154(60)(113,302), 3.062(40)(2r3), 2.92s(80)(3ll) and 2.554(90) (020,4rD. INrnopucnoN Keywords: gormanite, souzalite, Yukon, phosphate, Several new minerals have been described new mineral. from a phosphate-ironstone occurrence in the northeastern corner of the Yukon Territory. These are kulanite (Mandarino & Sturman So\ar'rlrns 1976), baricite (Sturman & Mandarino L976), La souzalite MgsAlr(POa)a(OH1u.211,9 ,u penikisite (Mandarino et al. 1977), mariCite gormanite, son analogue ferreux, sont isostructurales"t (Sturman et al. 1977) and satterlyite (Manda- et forment une solution solide. Les nouvelles don- rino et al. 1978). One of the first phosphate n6es analytiques obtenues sur la souzalite de la peg- minerals examined from this occurrence is a matite Corrego Frio (Minas Gerais, Br6sil) md- green radiating speciesthat is common in many 381 382 THE CANADIAN MINERALOGIST outcrops in the deposit, but whose identification name gormanite-souzalite for crystals that have proved to be extremely difficult. A semiquanti- not been analyzed. tative X-ray-fluorescence analysis and micro- scopic study indicated that although the optical OccunnBNce properties and composition are similar to those of souzalite, the X-ray powder-diffraction data Gormanite-souzalite crystals are very com- differ completely from those published for sou- mon in both the Rapid Creek and Big Fish zalite. areas in the northeastern part of the Yukon * Souzalite, ( Mg,Fe"* ) r(Al,Fee ) a( POa)a(OH ).' Territory. The mineral is seen in thin sections 2HzO, was describedby Pecora & Fahey (1949) of the phosphatic ironstone beds as green, from the Corrego Frio pegmatite, north of Di- elongate crystals in radial aggregates, and in vino, Minas Gerais, Brazil. One of us (M.E.M.) open fractures as elongate, blade-like crystals. discovered that the X-ray powder-diffraction In thin section, the mineral is similar to some data given in the description are insorrect. We of the chlorites, for which it can be easily also had trouble reconciling the crystallographic mistaken. data for souzalitegiven by Moore (1970) with In many fractures, gormanite-souzalite crys- those found in this study. Consequently,we have tals constitute the only phosphate mineral and established new powder data and determined are generally accompdnied by quartz and sider- new optical and crystallographic data for sou- ite. Elsewhere, gormanite-souzalite has been zalite from Brazil for the crystals from the type found in close associationwith ludlamite, ar- specimen,NMNH C5863 and ROM M34O|O rojadite, kryzhanovskiteand oxidized vivianite' (NMNH refers to the National Museum of In places, needles of gormanite-souzalite are Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Wash- included in quartz, giving the quartz crystals a ington, D.C., and ROM, to the Royal Ontario green color. Phosphate minerals from the iron Museum, Toronto). These new data for sou- deposit in the northeastern Yukon, and the de- posit briefly described in the paper zalite from Brazil are in very good agreement'the itself, are with those observed for crystals from on kulanite by Mandarino & Sturman (1976). Yukon. The main difference is the great varia- The absence of any sign of metamorphism in tion in the Mg:Fe ratio that was found in the surrounding rocks indicates that these have some crystals from the Yukon. Ideally, souzalite crystallized at a low temperature. is MgsAla(POn)n(OH)u'2HzO,but many Yukon crystals have Feo* predominanl. This new min- CnvsterlocnePHv eral, the ferrous analogue of souzalite, has an ideal composition Fe2+rAlo(POn)n(OH) 6'2HnO; The largest gormanite crystals observed it is named gormanite (GAWR.MENAIT) in (ROM M35124) are elongate blades in frac- honor of Professor D.H. Gorman, who has tures in the Big Fish area. Crystals are as much inspired interest in minerals and taught min- as 3 mm long, 0.5 mm wide and 0.1 mm thick. eralogy to several generations of mineralogists Crystals from other specimensare smaller and and geologists at the University of Toronto. form radial aggregatesin which the individual The name and the mineral were approved by the Commissionon New Minerals and Mineral TABLEi. AIIGLETABTE FOR GORI.TANITE (M35123) Names, I.M.A. Type material is deposited in UNITCELL: Spacegroup PL or PIt z ' 2 droo 'Museumthe mineral collections of the Royal Ontario a = 11.79(t) = n.oa(r) doro (ROM M35123 and M35124) and the D = 5.11(1) = s.n(r) door National Museum of Natural History (NMNH c = 13.6i(r) = rs.qe(r) 137494and 137495). c = 9oo5o(5), oi = gsors(s)' Many crystalsin the specimensfrom the Yukon I = 99000(5)', B* = 81000(5)' show strong chemical zoning wherein the com- y = 9ooo5(5)' yr = 89050(5)' position changesfrom gormanite (Fe'* predom- C00RDINTCTES: 9e inant) to souzalite (Mg predominant) in a (100) ggo47' goooo' single crystal. Only a microprobe analysis shows (010) oooo, goooo' goo2' whether gormanite or souzalite zones predom- Foms (001) a5oog' inate. We could not determine any differences (102) ea9qo' 36036' ( -Bao28, 23004' in appearance (color, crystal habit, erc.) be- 102) .-^o .0 x loJ tween souzalite and gormanite in these speci- Principal the specimens vibratlon Y -77r: 86!0 mens. Therefore, in describing dlrections from the Yukon, we recommend using the Z tzr"t 840 GORMANITE, THE FERROUS ANALOGUE OF SOUZALITE 383 x odi ).( Ftc. l. Stereographic projections (with the b axis vertical) of the twinned lamellae in a gormanite crystal. crystals are always bladed. axis. Figure I is a stereographicprojection of a The bladesare elongate[010], and the largest twinned crystal of gormanite with the b axis face (plane of the blade) is {001}. Other foims placed vertically to illustrate more clearly the observed by optical goniometer and universal relationship between the individuals. The com- stage are small faces {100} and minute faces position plane is commonly irregular but is {102}, {I02} and {010}. The calculated@ and p generally parallel to {@1}. values for these forms are given in Table l. The gormanite crystal used in this study Pecora & Fahey (1949) described souzalite was first examined on the optical goniometer as probably monoclinic because of its optical and then was studied by means of the polarizing properties. After a Weissenberg study of sou- microscope, using a spindle stage modified to zalite, Moore ( l97O) proposed a monoclinic allow a goniometer head to be mounted. The cell that has the b axis (twofold axis) parallel optical properties show that the mineral is not to the elongation.
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