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WELCOME ADDRESS ON ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIPURPOSE HIGHRISE TOWERS AND TALL BUILDINGS IN SINGAPORE, AUGUST 28th -30th 2019.

BY

PROF.DR.ING.H.R.VISWANATH. PRESIDENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION FOR HIGHRISE STRUCTURES FORMER PRINCIPAL & EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN OF THE INTERNATIONAL DIVISION, BMS EDUCATIONAL TRUST, BANGALORE.

28th August 2019.

It is my proud privilege to welcome on behalf of myself and International Federation for High-rise Structures all the luminaries from different countries who are present today in this august assembly for this inaugural function heralding the beginning of this unique 11th conference in Singapore with several tall buildings towering its skyline, in the series after our earlier successful conferences in Munich Germany, Abu Dhabi (UAE) (UAE), Toronto (Canada), Kuala Lampur (Malaysia), Madrid (Spain), London (U.K), Singapore & Bangalore (India) on Multipurpose High-rise Towers and Tall Buildings with the theme “” to be hosted by CI-Premier Conference Organisation, Conference Director, Er.John.S.Y.Tan, at Singapore, supported by Japan Prestressed Concrete Institute. The main objective of this conference is to generate new knowledge through Research, Assembling information on high-rise structures, and developing means of dissemination to all concerned. It will enable those involved in commissioning, planning and constructing safe sustainable, users friendly high-rise buildings reaching the skies, to share the experience with ideas of leading architects, engineers, researchers, and other specialists.

IFHS, the only unique organization which includes the study of High-rise Structures in concrete, steel and composite material, is a non-profit, non-governmental association accredited to UNCHS (Habitat). IFHS belongs to all its active individual members who are Architects, Design Engineers, Constructors, Researchers, Educationalists, Clients, Financiers, Banking Institutions and University Faculties.

IFHS is striving to bring the Architects, Designers, Engineers, Constructors and Developers together to join hands with perfect co-ordination and make the planning cost effective and feasible, the designs sound, the construction safe by incorporating the latest developments and techniques in the design and construction of future high-rise structures.

Whenever one thinks of high-rise structures, the first three unique structures constructed in that come to the mind are the first tall building, the 10 Home Insurance Building constructed in 1884 in (USA) (fig-1), the world’s first 300 Mtr. Steel Eiffel Tower (Fig-2) constructed in 1889 in Paris (France) and the first 217 Mtr. Concrete Television Tower (fig-3) constructed in 1955 in Stuttgart (Germany) the 235 Mtr. Television Tower (fig-4) in New Delhi (first of its kind in India) in 1988 designed by H.R.Viswanath.

Home Insurance Building Fig-1 Steel Eiffel Tower Fig-2 Chicago USA Paris, France

Concrete Television Tower (Stuttgart, Germany) Fig-3 Television Tower in New Delhi Fig-4

Twenty breathtaking present millennium great structures completed and under construction ranging from 492 mtrs to 1000 mtrs are shown in figure 5 to Figure 24 -

Kingdom Tower, Jeddah , Dubai

Height: To Tip Height: To Tip 1000 m / 3,281 ft 829.8 m / 2,723 ft Height: Architectural Height: Architectural 1000 m / 3,281 ft 828 m / 2,717 ft Construction start 2013 Construction Start – 2004 Completion – 2019 Completion – 2010 Figure – 5 Fig ure - 6

Seoul Light DMC Tower Ping An Finance Center, Shenzhen Height: To Tip Height: To Tip 640.4 m / 2,101 ft 660 m / 2,165 ft Height: Architectural

Height: Architectural 640.4 m / 2,101 ft 660 m / 2,165 ft Proposed 2009 construction start - 2010 Completion - 2016 Figure – 7 Figure - 8

Signature Tower Jakarta

Height: To Tip Height: To Tip 638 m / 2,093 ft 636 m / 2,087 ft Height: Architectural Height: Architectural 638 m / 2,093 ft 636 m / 2,087 ft

Construction Start – 2014 Construction Start – 2012 Completion – 2020 Completion – 2017 Figure - 9 Figure - 10

Shanghai Tower Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel

Height: To Tip Height: To Tip 632 m / 2,073 ft 601 m / 1,972 ft Height: Architectural Height: Architectural 632 m / 2,073 ft 601 m / 1,972 ft

Construction start 2009 Construction Start - 2004 Completion – 2012 Completion 2015 Figure - 11 Figure - 12

Goldin Finance 117, Tianjin , Height: To Tip Height: To Tip 596.5 m / 1,957 ft 556 m / 1,824 ft Height: Architectural Height: Architectural 596.5 m / 1,957 ft 554.5 m / 1,819 ft Construction Start - 2009 Completion Start – 2011 Completion - 2016 Completion – 2016 Figure - 13 Figure - 14

Doha Convention Center Tower , New York Height: To Tip Height: To Tip 551 m / 1,808 ft 546.2 m / 1,792 ft Height: Architectural Height: Architectural 551 m / 1,808 ft 541.3 m / 1,776 ft

Proposed 2005 Construction star – 2006 Completion 2007 Completion – 2014 Figure - 15 Figure - 16

The CTF Guangzhou Tianjin CTF Binhai Center

Height: Architectural Height: Architectural 530 m / 1,739 ft 530 m / 1,739 ft Height: Occupied Height: Occupied 494.5 m / 1,622 ft 452.3 m / 1,484 ft

Height: To Tip Height: To Tip 530 m / 1,739 ft 530 m / 1,739 ft Construction Start - 2010 Construction start - 2013

Completion - 2016 Completion - 2018 Figure - 17 Figure - 18

Dalian Greenland Center , Dubai

Height: To Tip Height: To Tip 518 m / 1,699 ft 516 m / 1,693 ft

Height: Architectural Height: Architectural 518 m / 1,699 ft 516 m / 1,693 ft Construction start – 2014 Proposed 2006

Completion – 2018 Start – 2008 Figure - 20 Figure - 19

Busan Lotte Town Tower

Height: To Tip Height: To Tip 510.1 m / 1,674 ft 508 m / 1,667 ft Height: Architectural Height: Architectural 510.1 m / 1,674 ft 508 m / 1,667 ft

Construction start - 2011 Construction start – 1999 Completion – 2020 Completion – 2004 Figure - 21 Figure - 22

Kaisa Feng Long Center,Shenzhen World Financial Center

Height: Architectural 500 m / 1,640 ft Height: To Tip 494.3 m / 1,622 ft Height: Occupied 452.2 m / 1,484 ft Height: Architectural 492 m / 1,614 ft Height: To Tip 500 m / 1,640 ft Construction start – 1997 Proposed 2011 Completion – 2008

Figure - 23 Figure - 24

The above thrilling and marvelous structures encourage, architects, builders, constructors, designers and engineers, to go higher and higher for steel, concrete, pre-stressed concrete or composite structures, in planning sustainable high-rise towers and tall buildings in this present millennium for the sensitive worldly response to the complex needs of the human occupation to satisfy the containing needs of the work, ethnic balance with emerging demand of consumer/leisure life style.

The designs of the above unique structures have posed the greatest challenge, in the wake of bringing down the World Trade Center by the murderous act of terrorism, burying thousands of innocent people as well as the sense of civilized life in the world’s financial city New York, in preparing the sustainable design and adopting safe construction. Recommendations from the investigation conducted into the factors that contributed to the collapse of WTC by US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) are worth following in the new designs.

The Sad Fates of the World's Twelve Tallest Unfinished Buildings are shown in

Nakheel Tower : Pilings Begun Foundation under way Tower – Digging Begun Fig- 25 Fig-26 Fig-27

Doha Convention Centre Tower Burj Al Alam – Pilings In place : Building Started Foundation finished Fig- 28 Fig-29 Fig-30

560 mtrs B’lore sky tower Maharishi Vedic vishwa Prahasan China 1228 Fig-31 Rajadhani Brahamasthan Fig-32 vertical city Fig-33

Frank Lloyds Wright 2001 mtrs tokya Tokyo, Japan 1.6 kmtrs tall building Fig-34 with 500 storey’s Fig 35 Fig-36 in Chicago

Building a house is stressful. Building a is a nuclear bomb of stress, problems, and carefully-coordinated chaos—chaos that is closely tied to the economy, and that is easily derailed by war, politics, and financial downturns.

It's not an uncommon story. There are plenty of super-tall (over 984 feet) buildings that were proposed but never made it through to reality. Humans have a tendency towards bombast when it comes to .

Below you'll find a few of the buildings & towers that, as proposed, would have become the world's tallest (or close to it).

Nakheel Tower: Pilings Begun

Nowhere was the 2008 financial crisis quite as visible as Dubai, where dozens of high-profile projects ground to a halt. One of those was Nakheel Tower, a proposed 3,300-foot-tall skyscraper with 156 planned . Nakheel was designed to be the visual and economic focal point of the man-made , the fake series of islands off of Dubai that is now experiencing extreme erosion and other environmental problems.

India Tower: Foundation Under Way

India Tower, on the other hand, was a purely post-Recession idea. The 2,356-foot tower was planned for Mumbai in 2010, but was halted the following year after construction had begun. It's currently on hold.

Russia Tower: Digging Begun

Yet another victim of the 2008 crisis: The 2,008-foot was already under construction when the downturn hit the following year, and the building's developer announced he'd be unable to put up the $3 billion needed for the building work. The construction site was turned into parking.

Doha Convention Center Tower: Foundation Finished

At 1,808 feet, this tower in Doha was destined to become one of the world's tallest buildings. Just one problem: It was so tall, officials worried it would make it tough for pilots landing and taking off from the new airport. Construction was halted until Doha'sn new airport was finished... Until the project was abruptly cancelled anyways.

Burj Al Alam: Pilings In Place

Again, Dubai makes many appearances on this list. The city's real estate boom was growing exponentially leading up to 2008, and dramatic and expressive towers like this one were en vogue. Burj Al Alam was a flower-shaped tower proposed to rise 1,670-feet into the air—it was cancelled in 2013 after a long, slow, much-denied decline. Palace of the Soviets: Building Started

The Palace of the Soviets was to be antithesis of the aristocratic Russia—a people's palace built on the ruins of a demolished church where delegates from the newly-formed Soviet Republic could meet. It would be enormous: At 1,624 feet, by far the tallest building in the world. It actually made it to construction, extraordinarily, but was halted by the onset of World War II.

The circular foundation was eventually turned into the Pool—the world's largest for decades.

Proposed World’s Tallest 560 mtrs Bangalore Sky Tower

This project has not started due to the non clearance from the traffic congestion point of view and further change of location has not been decided.

TALLEST BUILIDNG OF THE WORLD IN INDIA

Maharishi inaugurated the Tallest Building in the world in the Brahmasthan (center) of India. This building will provide housing for up to 100,000 Vedic Pundits and will be of Maharishi's worldwide movement. It will be a center of tremendous global coherence to perpetuate the Age of Enlightenment. The building is yet to be completed.

Bionic Tower China 1228 mtr Vertical city

At 1228 mtrs it will be hailed as the Bionic Vertical Space innovative urban model for mega cities. This is yet to be realized.

Frank Lloyds Wright 1.6 kilo meter tall building in Chicago

This 1.6 kilometers breathtaking building is yet to be realized.

2001 mtrs Tokya dream tower with 500 storey’s

This unbelievable structure is still a dream but not reality.

Millennium Tower Tokyo Japan.

This unbelievable fantasy structure with 150 storey’s is yet to be translated into action.

This unbelievable World's tallest religious skyscraper 700-foot structure with 70 storeys in Vrindavan, Uttar Pradesh, India yet to be started by ISKCON

I say with pride that organizers of this conference have received large number of full papers mainly concentrating on the following topics –

1. Extreme Environment. 2. Extreme height. 3. Extreme Design. 4. Extreme material. 5. Architecture habitability 6. Engineering buildability 7. Environment livability 8. A I building 9. Built Environment and energy 10. Foundation and earthquakes 11. Rehabilitation and strengthening 12. Case studies with the concept of Extreme Engineering and structural failure with natural calamities.

The conclusions to be reached in the Singapore conference may be helpful for the future thoughts of Architects, Designers, Builders and Researchers and more light will be thrown in getting actual information about the lessons learnt from some of the difficulties faced during the execution of the project, the deformation characteristics recorded through instrumentation in the High-rise Structures during service and the latest failures due to natural and unnatural causes of high-rise structures which may help us in arriving at bold decisions for safe and sustainable designs against all odds in the high-rise structures.

I am confident that this gathering of intellectuals will offer each other participant valuable insight and information needed to utilize changing technology in design and construction of high-rise structures of present millennium.

The conference organizers will do all in their power to make the event an enjoyable as well as technically rewarding experience.

Finally once again I on behalf of IFHS would like to express our grateful thanks to CI-Premier Conference Organization, Conference Director, Er.John.S.Y.Tan, at Singapore supported by Japan Pre- stressed Concrete Institute, Ms.Josephine, and their able dedicated team associates for hosting our 11th IFHS Conference at Singapore.

INDEX

Source Figure 1 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Home_Insurance_Building.JPG Figure 2 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Paris_06_Eiffelturm_4828.jpg Figure 3 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Fernsehturm_stuttgart.jpg Figure 4 http://www.pbase.com/digitalfestival/skyscrapers Figure 5 http://buildingdb.ctbuh.org/building.php?building_id=2 Figure 6 http://buildingdb.ctbuh.org/building.php?building_id=3 Figure 7 http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/2020/2011/03pingan.jpg Figure 8 http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/2020/2011/04seoul.jpg Figure 9 http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/2020/2011/05signature.jpg Figure 10 http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/2020/2011/07wuhan.jpg Figure 11 http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/2020/2011/06shanghai.jpg Figure 12 http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/2020/2011/08makkah.jpg Figure 13 http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/2020/2011/09goldin.jpg Figure 14 http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/2020/2011/10lotte.jpg Figure 15 http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/2020/2011/11dohacc.jpg Figure 16 http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/2020/2011/12one.jpg Figure 17 http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/2020/2011/13ctfn.jpg Figure 18 http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/2020/2011/14Tianjin.jpg Figure 19 http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/2020/2011/15dalian.jpg Figure 20 http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/2020/2011/16pento.jpg Figure 21 http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/2020/2011/17busan.jpg Figure 22 http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/2020/2011/18taipei.jpg Figure 23 http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/2020/2011/19kaisa.jpg Figure 24 http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/2020/2011/20shanghai.jpg The Sad Fates of the http://gizmodo.com/the-sad-fate-of-the-worlds-six-tallest- World's Seven Tallest unfinished-build-1659526564 Unfinished Buildings Figure 25 - 36