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Approved by The Government of Nepal, Council of Ministers, pursuant to a resolution dated February 1, 2011
National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
Government of Nepal Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction February 1, 2011 National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 ii [2011/12 – 2015/16]
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Contents
Foreword iv
Foreword vii
Executive Summary ix
1. Background 1
2. Conflict Transformation and Peace Process in Nepal 3
3. Impact of armed conflict on women 5
4. Women’s participation in the peace process 7
5. Constitutional, legal and policy provisions on women, peace and security 9
6. Issues of concern relating to Women, Peace and Development in Nepal 17
7. National Action Plan 21
8. Implementation of the National Action Plan 51
9. Institutional arrangement for the implementation of the Action Plan 53
10. Monitoring and Evaluation 59
11. Risk factors for implementation of the National Action Plan (NAP) 61
12. Measures to address the Risk 63 National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 iv [2011/12 – 2015/16]
Foreword
The role of women in the all-round The Government development of the country is crucial. of Nepal, Ministry Women have made special contribution of Peace and to the social, economic and cultural Reconstruction, in transformation of Nepal. Women have collaboration also played an important role in the with the United Nations Development decade-long armed conflict and other Fund for Women (now UN Women), has struggles for restoration of democracy. been conducting interaction, seminars It is also the women and girls who have and orientation programmes on the UN been most affected by the armed Security Council Resolutions no. 1325 conflict and the transition after that. and 1820. The Government of Nepal has Therefore, in view of the constructive also demonstrated its commitment to contributions that women can make this by constituting a Steering in the peace process, it becomes the Committee with the Minister for Foreign responsibility of the State to increase Affairs as Chair for the implementation their participation and ownership in of these proposals. The National Action the peace building process and to Plan has been prepared with the provide them security. It is equally objective of making the implementation necessary to increase the women’s of the UN Security Council Resolutions participation at the policy 1325 and 1820 effective and systematic. formulation and implementation Efforts have been made to enlist the level. The protection and promotion support and collaboration of all the of the rights of women and girls is concerned bodies while preparing the required for establishing National Action Plan. In this connection, sustainable peace in the country. In a workshop seminar was held with the Nepal’s context, the Resolutions 1325 participation of the gender focal points and 1820 adopted by the United at different ministries and bodies, the Nations Security Council has great representatives of non-governmental significance. It is with this organisations and the civil society realization, that the Government of represented in the Steering Committee, Nepal prepared this National Action representatives of other non-government Plan. organisations and the security sector. National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] v
A draft framework of the National Action held on October 4, 2010 decided to Plan was prepared by this workshop after present the proposal to the identifying the goals, objectives, pillars, Government of Nepal (Council of the strategic goals of each pillar and Ministers) for its approval after programmes . This draft was shared with taking the suggestions and feedback different concerned stakeholders from inter ministerial representatives through workshops and seminars at responsible for the implementation the central, regional and district levels. of the National Action Plan. The The workshop seminars were organized National Action Plan prepared after in conjunction with the Government and incorporating the suggestions and the NGO Networks working in the sectors feedback received from these concerning women. These workshops Ministries and commissions was were held especially with the approved by the Council of Ministers participation of the conflict-affected on 1st February 2011. women, the non-governmental organisations working in the sectors of I am especially grateful to UN Women women and women’s rights, government including the Peace Support Working agencies, members of the local peace Group providing support in the course committees, the Dalit, indigenous of preparing the National Action Plan. nationalities and Madhesi communities, Likewise, I would like to thank all the women from the backward areas, the non-governmental organisations that media and the civil society. helped in collecting the suggestions and feedback from concerned stakeholders In this context, the draft was revised by visiting different districts in based on the suggestions received connection with preparing the National from members of the Implementation Action Plan. Thanks are also due to Ms. Committee and the organisations Bandana Rana, Mr. Kiran Prasad Dhungel working in the women’s sector and Ms. Shova Gautam who assisted as represented in the Steering experts in drafting and formulating this Committee as well as the national Action Plan. I would also like to thank and international consultants. the Implementation Committee that Regarding the draft of the National made important contribution in Action Plan thus prepared, the formulating and revising the Action Plan. meeting of the Steering Committee Joint Secretary Sadhuram Sapkota, National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 vi [2011/12 – 2015/16]
Under-Secretary Dal Bahadur K.C., Lastly, I am confident that, as always, the Section Officer Hari Prasad Chapagain representatives of the implementation and Om Bahadur Sodari of the Ministry committee, civil society, international of Peace and Reconstruction and development partners and organisations, Purushottam Mishra of the UN Women non-governmental organisations and the who worked untiringly in every stage of media will would continue to provide active preparing the Action Plan also deserve support in the succeful implementation of special thanks. the National Action Plan.
Dhruba Prasad Sharma Secretary Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] vii
Foreword
The United Nations Security Council responsible Resolution (UNSCR) 1325 & 1820 National actors and the Action Plan (NAP) of Nepal comes at a time frame for time when the country is going through a each action. challenging post conflict transitional period. The 10-year armed conflict The Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction between 1996 to 2006 deeply affected the (MoPR) established in 2007 is the lead country. Women and girls still bear the Ministry mandated to oversee the brunt of the armed conflict. Many have implementation of UNSCR 1325 & 1820. been victims of many forms of gender Since its establishment the Ministry in based violence. Those who have survived partnership with UN Women (former are still suffering from stigma that society UNIFEM) and other UN agencies, bilateral places on such forms of violence. partners and women's organizations initiated discussions with concerned The Government of Nepal is committed to government officials, security sectors, the implementation of the UNSCR 1325 & Constituent Assembly Members, political 1820 as a mechanism for strengthening parties and civil society. Programmes to women's participation and involvement enhance the understanding of UNSCR 1325, in the promotion of peace and security the need to have a NAP for effective within the context of conflict prevention implementation, conducting training and and resolution. The NAP presents the developing publicity materials were also contextual framework and analysis of the undertaken and a broader framework peace and security situation as well as prepared. However, it was only after a High the specific impact to Nepali women that Level Steering Committee (HLSC) was prompted its development. The NAP aims constituted in September 2009 that the to contribute to the Nepali people's process of the actual drafting of the NAP overall goal of achieving sustainable started with close coordination among peace and establishing a just society. It is stakeholders. Further, an inter-ministerial structured around five pillars- each with Implementation Committee was constituted a corresponding general objective with under the HLSC to undertake the process. strategic objectives, specific actions, desired results and indicators. Moreover, Nepal's UNSCR 1325 and 1820 NAP is a the national action plan identifies the result of an exemplary collaborative National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 viii [2011/12 – 2015/16]
process between the Government, to conflict-affected women; and provision international development partners and of educational scholarships to women the civil society including women's and girls affected by conflict. networks and organizations. These partners have been equal stakeholders The NAP also contains training and in all the planning, drafting and the series capacity building provisions for all of national, regional and district stakeholders to ensure their informed and consultations that took place. Altogether meaningful participation in its 52 district level consultations including implementation, monitoring and 10 regional consultations were held evaluation. It integrates a media outreach which covered all the five development and communication strategy to facilitate regions. Separate special consultations sustained awareness-raising and were held with women and girls directly increased ownership and participation. affected by conflict to ensure their Another key feature of the NAP is a perceptions were included in the NAP. monitoring and evaluation system that These consultations were attended by uses a combination of activity, result and over 3000 participants and generated outcome indicators. The monitoring and more than 1500 action points which were evaluation system builds on the existing clustered under the five pillars of the NAP. government structures and involves the participation of women's organizations. The action points address a broad range of issues that includes but is not limited We are hopeful that the enthusiasm and to the need to support women's collaboration of all stakeholders - participation in all peace processes as Government as well as the International well as electoral processes; Development Partners and the Civil representation in political parties as well Society generated during the as in local peace committees; development of the NAP will be continued strengthening the Women and Children in the implementation phase. With this Service Centers within police stations; collaborative approach we are provision of legal assistance, medical committed to demonstrate Nepal's services and psycho-social counseling for success in pursuing the objectives and survivors of sexual and gender-based actions stated in the NAP. violence; justice, reparation and Sadhu Ram Sapkota compensation for the victims of conflicts Joint Secretary and their families; economic assistance Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] ix
Executive Summary
Nepal, as the member state of the United The Government of Nepal’s Ministry of Nations, has conviction that every Peace and Reconstruction has been country should be guided by the awaring concerned stakeholders on fundamental principles like basic topics of women, peace and security human rights, the individual’s dignity through different interactions, seminars and respect and equal rights of women and orientation programmes. and men enshrined in the Charter of the Considering the gravity of the issue, an United Nations. Nepal strongly supports 18-member High Level Steering all the international instruments and Committee (HLSC) was constituted with legal mechanisms concerning the the Minister for Foreign Affairs as the protection and promotion of the rights Chair for implementing the United of women and girls. In reality, the topic Nations Security Council Resolutions of protecting and promoting the rights 1325 and 1820 as per the Cabinet of women and girls boosts the country’s decision on September 21, 2009. peace, security and development. The United Nations Security Council The overall objective of the National Resolutions (UNSCRs) 1325 and 1820 Action Plan is to contribute to on women, peace and security has a achieving the supreme goal of the special importance in the context of Nepali people for establishing durable Nepal as it is gearing towards peace and just society. It covers mainly establishing peace following a decade- five pillars. The first pillar is long armed conflict. The armed conflict participation. This pillar has the in Nepal that lasted from February 13, objective of ensuring the equal, 1996 to November 21, 2006 has left proportional and meaningful serious impact in the country. Many participation of women in every women and girls suffered from all kinds decision-making level of conflict of sexual and gender based violence. transformation and peace building which affected their mental and process. The second pillar is protection physical stability as well as left a deep and prevention which aims at impact on their families and ‘protecting the rights of women and girls community. and preventing the violation of these National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 x [2011/12 – 2015/16]
rights during the conflict and the post- implementing agency for every action conflict period. The third pillar is as well as its timeline. promotion. The objective of this pillar is to promote the rights of women and The National Action Plan on girls and to mainstream the gender Implementation of the United Nations perspective in all phases and stages of Security Council Resolution 1325 and the conflict transformation and peace 1820 also encompasses the concept of building process. The objective of the public audit by making arrangements for fourth pillar, relief and recovery, is to the participation of the stakeholders in address the special needs of women and its implementation, monitoring and girls and to ensure their participation evaluation. It has also included a media in the formulation and implementation outreach and communication plan to of all programmes related to relief and facilitate promotion of public awareness recovery. The objective of the last pillar, and enhance participation. Another resource mobilisation, and monitoring main feature of the National Action Plan and evaluation, is to guarantee means is the monitoring and evaluation system and resources required in the that uses the indicators related to implementation of the National Action activities in the NAP and its outcome and Plan, to institutionalise the monitoring impact evaluation. and evaluation system and to maintain collaboration and coordination with The National Action Plan is based on concerned stakeholders. the existing national and international instruments promoting and protecting Separate strategic goals and the policy related to women’s rights and corresponding specefic actions have gender equality. This National Action been set out for addressing the Plan prepared for the implementation objectives of each of these pillars along of the UN Security Council Resolutions with results statements and indicators. 1325 and 1820 is a document that has Apart from this, the National Action come with the highest commitment of Plan has also identified the responsible the Government of Nepal. National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 1
1 Background
he impact of any armed such violence continuing even after the conflict is generally more end of armed conflict. To address this T severe on women and concern the United Nations Security children. They are victims of various Council adopted the Resolution No.1820 forms of violence, discrimination and on 19 June 2008 urging all sides exploitation not only during the armed concerned to immediately prohibit conflict but also during the post conflict sexual violence. The Resolution and transition. Therefore, to address recognizing the important role of women the security concerns of women and in establishing peace has called on all girls and to ensure the participation of parties to ensure the equal participation women in all stages of peace building and full involvement of women in all the United Nations Security Council efforts at promoting peace and security. adopted Resolution No.1325 on 31 October 2000. The Resolution calls on In Nepal, more than a decade long all member states to increase women’s armed conflict that took place from 13 participation in the formulation of February 1996 to 21 November 2006 policies for conflict resolution, and the movements that took place in management and prevention and different parts of the country including protect and address the special needs in the Tarai and the of women and girls during and after eastern hills during the conflict. transition period after The impact of any that, has affected women armed conflict is Different kinds of violence, especially and children the most. generally more acts of sexual violence targeting women Nepal understands the and girls, escalate during the time of responsibility of every severe on women armed conflict. There is probability of member state of the and children. National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 2 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
Photo: District level consultation, Nepalgunj
United Nations to implement the engaged in the peace process after a Resolution adopted by the Security decade long armed conflict. It is in this Council pursuant to Article 25 of the context that the need for a separate UN Charter. Moreover, the significance National Action Plan has been felt for of these UN Resolutions is felt to be the implementation of UNSCRs No.1325 more in the case of Nepal as it is & 1820. National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 3
Conflict Transformation 2 and Peace Process in Nepal
n Nepal, the armed conflict With this the armed conflict formally began after the then came to an end and Nepal entered an I Communist Party of Nepal era of conflict transformation. Soon (Maoist) declared it on 13 February after, on 8 December 2006 the 1996. In the midst of the conflict, the Government of Nepal and the then CPN then CPN (Maoist) and the Seven-Party (Maoist) signed the Agreement on Alliance signed a 12-points Monitoring of the Management of understanding on 22 November 2005 Arms and Armies. In the course of with the objective of establishing taking the peace process forward the democracy in the country. As per this Government of Nepal also held talks understanding, a 19-days People’s with other conflicting groups and Movement gained ground resulting in reached separate agreements with reinstating the dissolved House of them both before Representatives [the lower house of and after the Parliament] on 24 April 2006. A election to the Government of Nepal is ceasefire was then declared with the Constituent committed for the then CPN (Maoist) and the Government Assembly. The implementation of of Nepal signing a ceasefire code of Government has conduct. Following this, the then CPN remained agreements made with (Maoist) and the Government of Nepal committed in various political parties signed the Comprehensive Peace implementing the and groups for conflict Accord (CPA) on 21 November 2006. agreements made. transformation and peace building. National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 4 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
Photo: District level consultation
Photo: District level consultation, Panchthar district National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 5
Impact of armed 3 conflict on women
he ten years of armed conflict displaced due to the pressure from in Nepal caused significant conflicting parties. Hence, the workload T damage in terms of loss of life of women both within and outside the and property and disappearance of many house increased immensely. Women also citizens. There was widespread destruction suffered from sexual violence during the of physical infrastructure as well as conflict as well as the transition period private and public property. The number due to a weak law and order situation. In of orphans, single women and people addition to this young women who left rendered physically handicapped their homes to join the armed conflict or increased due to the armed conflict. fled their villages in fear of the conflicting Several families were in distress as the parties also had to face different forms main bread-winner of the family was either of violence. Many of these young women killed in the conflict or had disappeared. who were displaced in this manner due As a result of this, on the one hand mutual to lack of education or skill were suspicion, fear, terror, anxiety and a sense compelled to work in risky and oppressive of revenge appeared in the society while conditions making them vulnerable to on the other hand the country had to face sexual and other economic and social problems due to the forms of violence. adverse impact of the conflict on the Besides this, the Women suffered from physical and social structures such as trauma that many education, health, transport, women faced during sexual violence during communications and industries. the conflict period the conflict and the also affected their transition period due to The children and women have been the mental condition, the weak law and order most affected by the armed conflict. There particularly those are several cases where women had to from the conflict-hit situation. single handedly take the responsibility areas. This clearly of running the house in the absence of shows that directly male members who had either left home or indirectly women were the hardest hit to join the armed conflict or forced to be by the conflict. National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 6 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
Photo: District level consultation National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 7
Women’s participation in 4 the peace process
he House of Representatives that was reinstated following T the restoration of democracy in 2006 adopted a resolution for ensuring 33% women’s participation in all organs of the State. Four of the total sixteen members in the committee for preparing the draft Interim Constitution of Nepal, 2007, were women. Similarly, out of the total 330 members in the Interim Legislature-Parliament, 57 were Photo: District level consultation women members. There are 197 women representatives out of the total 601 women’s members in the present Constituent participation while the mandatory provision Assembly. In addition to this, the constituting the of ensuring 33% women’s Constituent Assembly also has local peace diversified representation from the committees formed participation while consti- indigenous community, madhesi, dalit in every District, tuting the local peace and marginalized communities. Municipality and committees formed in ev- the Village In view of the participation of women in Development ery District, Municipality the peoples’ movement and the impact Committee needs to and the Village Develop- of conflict on women it is necessary to be considered as a ment Committee needs to ensure women’s adequate participation good beginning in be considered as a good in all peace processes. In this regard the increasing women’s mandatory provision of ensuring 33% participation in the beginning in increasing peace process. women’s participation in the peace process. National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 8 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
Photo: District level consultation
Photo: District level consultation National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 9
Constitutional, legal and policy provisions on 5 women, peace and security
5.1 Constitutional provisions: arrangements will be made for he Interim Constitution of providing appropriate compensation to Nepal, 2007 includes many the families of the people killed in the T topics related to women, course of the armed conflict and for the peace and security. assistance, rehabilitation and respect Commitment has been expressed in the of the people rendered disabled or Preamble of the Constitution itself for incapacitated due to the conflict. It is carrying out a forward-looking stated in this Article that relief restructuring of the State for addressing assistance will be provided to the gender-related problems. In regard to families of disappeared people on the the provisions related to citizenship, basis of the report of an investigation women have also been included as the commission to be constituted to carry basis for providing citizenship out study and investigation regarding certificates on the basis of descent. the disappearance of people. It is also Similarly, provisions have been made stated that a special programme will for fundamental rights from Article 12 be implemented for the rehabilitation through Article 32 of the Constitution, of the people displaced due to the which maintain that special legal conflict, for providing relief assistance arrangements could be made for in the case of the private properties women; provisions on employment and destroyed during social security, provisions on the rights the conflict and for Commitment has been of women right to social justice right to the reconstruction expressed in the Preamble justice and provisions on rights against of the damaged of the Constitution itself for exploitation of women and children. public carrying out a forward- Likewise, it is stated in Article 33 of the infrastructures. looking restructuring of the Interim Constitution under the heading Besides this, State for addressing ‘Obligations of the State’ that commitment has gender-related problems. National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 10 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
been made to provide transitional been included as illegal and punishable justice by setting up a high-level Truth acts. Provisions have been made under and Reconciliation Commission for which women police should be sent for finding out the truth about the people arresting women convicts. Similarly, involved in violation of human rights provisions have been made under which of serious nature or in committing women should be ordered to move away crimes against humanity during the while carrying a house search and that conflict period and for building an women police personnel should be environment of trust in the society. assigned if a body search of a woman Article 63 of the Interim Constitution has to be conducted and this has to be provides that one-third of the total done in a way that is not offensive to candidates for the Constituent Assembly the woman being searched. Provisions Election should be women. have also been made under which women detainees and prisoners have 5.2 Legal provisions to be kept separate from male prisoners Different provisions have been made and extra ration allowance should be regarding the security of women in the provided to any woman detainee or existing laws of Nepal. Provisions have prisoner delivering a child. been made in the Muluki Ain [Civil Code] under the Clause on ‘Kidnapping Likewise, provisions have been made for and Taking of Hostage’ for additional the security of women in the National punishment to anyone involved in the Human Rights Act, 1997; the Act on abduction of women or taking women Compensation for Torture, 1997; the hostage. Violence against women like Domestic Violence (Crime and rape, and crimes like taking of hostage Punishment) Act, 2009; the Prevention has been classified as serious criminal and Control of Selling and Trafficking offence against the State and they have of Humans, 2008 and the National been included in the list of state cases Women’s Commission Act, 2008. In the in which the government is plaintiff. Civil Service Act, 1992, the minimum age Provisions have been made for taking at which women can apply for any post stern action against culprits involved in the civil service has been set at 40 in human trafficking. Polygamy, child years. Similarly the total years of marriage, marriage under duress and service for women considered eligible under false promises and identity has for promotion is one year less than that National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 11
Photo: High level Steering Committee Meeting, 4 october, 2010 required for men. In addition to this have directly or indirectly made an other required reforms are gradually attempt to incorporate issues being made in the related laws in the pertaining to the security of women. Key civil service as well as other services among the existing policies and action for ensuring the inclusive plans are the National Plan of Action representation of women. A Bill in this against Gender Based Violence, the regard has been submitted to the National Plan of Action on the Legislative assembly for adoption. Once Implementation of the Convention on this Bill is adopted women’s the Elimination of All Kinds of participation in the civil service will Discrimination Against Women, the significantly increase. National Plan of Action on Gender Equality and Empowerment of Women, 5.3 Policies and Action Plans the Three-Year Human Rights National Different policies and action plans Action Plan and the terms of reference adopted by the Government of Nepal of the Local Peace Committees. National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 12 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
Three Year Human Rights promoting the human rights, civil rights National Plan of Action [2010/ and constitutional and legal rights for 11 – 2012/13] ensuring the social justice of rural, The three-year Human Rights National marginalized and destitute women who Plan of Action prepared by the are economically disadvantaged; and Government of Nepal has made strengthening the National Women’s significant provisions for the rights of Commission for the protection and women and children. It has introduced promotion of women’s rights. special motivational programmes for children from the poor, deprived, Three Year Plan - Approach marginalized and the sexual and gender Paper [2011/12 – 2013/14] minority communities who have not The Government of Nepal while giving enrolled in schools or have dropped out continuity to the social reunion for from schools. Such programmes range peace, reconstruction and from promoting school enrollment as rehabilitation under the heading ‘Peace, well as retention; programmes for Rehabilitation and Inclusive ensuring reproductive health; Development’ in the Approach Paper of conducting safe motherhood and infant the Three-year Plan has set the child care programmes; and objective of establishing lasting peace programmes like Gender in the country by providing relief and Mainstreaming and Social Inclusion. reparation to the conflict-affected Similarly, emphasis has been given to people as per the set standard. Under programmes like providing this provision it is stated that a national scholarships to conflict-affected plan of action for the relief and children, guaranteeing the inclusive, rehabilitation of the conflict-affected equal and meaningful participation as children will be formulated and well as security of women at all stages implemented. Similarly, there is a of the peace process and conflict programme for institutional capacity transformation; equipping women with development for effective income generating skills; making the implementation of peace, school environment child-friendly and reconstruction, rehabilitation and gender-friendly by emphasizing on reintegration programmes. Likewise, the good-governance in schools; making all objective of the Approach Paper for training programmes gender-friendly; promoting gender equality and National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 13
women’s empowerment is to put an end to different types of gender-based violence and discrimination against women through social, economic and political empowerment of women from all classes and regions.
Conducting campaigns for the prevention and control of different types of violence and discrimination against women and ensuring the Photo: Chairman and Co-Chairman of High level Steering Commmittee meaningful participation of women in conflict resolution and peace building against women; programmes for the are some of the strategies that are employment and social security for the included in the Plan. Similarly, the plan empowerment of single women will be also includes specific actions for introduced; women’s presence and role women’s empowerment, capacity in the leadership positions of the building and for taking forward the private sector and the non- sectoral gender mainstreaming and governmental inclusion policy. It also aims to sector in increase women’s representation in collaboration with The Nepal Government’s every structure of the State beyond 33% these sectors will Ministry of Women, by consolidating the achievements be strengthened. In Children and Social made so far in the realm of protection, this way, action Welfare, has issued the promotion and practice of the plans have been political, economic and social rights devised for National Plan of Action of women. Likewise, it is stated that a enabling and for the Implementation mechanism will be developed for strengthening the of the Convention on addressing gender-based violence by role of women in the Elimination of All encouraging legal aid, social the establishment forms of Discrimination protection and community of sustainable against Women, 2004. mobilization for the prevention and peace and control of different forms of gender- development based violence and discrimination through social, National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 14 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
economic and political empowerment ending gender-based violence, of women. ensuring the access of persons affected by gender-based violence to National Plan of Action justice, establishing and against Gender-Based Violence strengthening community-based The National Plan of Action Against village-level mobile services for Gender-based Violence prepared by providing protection to victims of the Government of Nepal, Office of the gender violence, strengthening the Prime Minister and Council of health sector for effectively Ministers, states that gender-based addressing gender-based violence, violence will be controlled and raising public awareness and security and protection will be promoting zero tolerance against provided to women and children gender violence, facilitating the victims of violence. The plan of action economic and social empowerment of has set the objectives to undertake women and children for combating legal and institutional reforms for gender violence and ensuring
Photo: Validation Workshop, Kathmandu National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 15
coordination, communication and National Plan of Action on monitoring works among the Gender Equality and stakeholders involved in the Empowerment of Women: implementation of the plan. The Nepal Government’s Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare National Plan of Action for has adopted the National Plan of Action the Implementation of the on Gender Equality and Empowerment Convention on the Elimination of Women, 2005 for implementing the of All Forms of Discrimination Beijing Declaration and Plan of Action against Women (CEDAW) passed by the Fourth World Conference The Nepal Government’s Ministry of on Women held in Beijing from 4-15 Women, Children and Social Welfare, September, 1995. This Plan of Action has issued the National Plan of has proposed different activities under Action for the Implementation of the the 12 critical areas of concern Convention on the Elimination of All identified in the Beijing Declaration. forms of Discrimination against Activities like protecting women from Women, 2004. This Plan of Action the impact of conflict, establishing specifically calls for the amendment access for conflict-affected women to of discriminatory laws and justice and making arrangements for formulation of appropriate laws, proper relief and rehabilitation which increasing women’s participation at are included under the Article ‘Women all public, political and policy- and Armed Conflict’, in the Beijing making levels, elimination of causes Declaration, have been included in this related to trafficking in women and national plan of action. girls, enhancing legal capacity for the protection of women’s rights, Terms of Reference of Local strengthening the responsibility of Peace Committees, 2009 the Parliament and the The Government of Nepal has issued the Parliamentary Committees for gender Procedural Conditions for the equality and identifying different formation of Local Peace Committees, activities for raising public 2009. This document states that at least awareness and information one-third of the total members of the dissemination on all forms of Local Peace Committees to be violence against women. . constituted at the local level should be National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 16 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
women. Arrangements have been made provision according to which at least for forming peace committees at the two members on the nine-member Local Village Development Committee (VDC) Peace Committee Secretariat to be or the Municipality level also as per constituted by the Local Peace the need. The document also contains a Committee needs to be women. National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 17
Issues of concern relating to Women, Peace and 6 Development in Nepal
6.1 Participation sector too. The participation of women he Interim Constitution of from the Dalit, indigenous nationalities Nepal, 2007, stressing on the and the Madhesi communities, the T principle of inclusiveness oppressed classes, disabled sector and establishes as a social right women from remote areas is even more the right to proportional participation negligible. Even in the case of on the basis of the constitutional and representation, women who are legal provisions and the commitment presently occupying different positions of political parties where it has shown in various sectors is not found to be need to improve the overall status of effective. Therefore, there is also a need women’s participation. Although the for building the capacity and participation of women in the empowering the women who are already Constituent Assembly which has also working in different sectors. Women’s been given the responsibility of the participation both in terms of quantity Legislature-Parliament is 33%, there is and quality need to be ensured in every also a need to increase women’s sector of the State as well as in every participation in other State bodies. stage of the peace building process. Similarly, women’s participation also needs to be increased in other 6.2 Protection The Interim Constitution of professional sectors including the and Prevention Nepal, 2007, stressing on security, media, industry and business The issue of taking sector. Participation of women in action against the the principle of political parties and in their decision perpetrators in inclusiveness establishes as making positions is also not increased offences including a social right the right to satisfactorily. Women have very sexual violence negligible presence in the constitutional against women proportional participation bodies and the country’s diplomatic during the past National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 18 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
armed conflict is very challenging. There amendments in the existing laws and is a need to take legal action against formulate new laws. It is also necessary those involved in different offences to promote gender sensitivity in the during the conflict period, and improve judicial organs and those agencies the conflict affected women and dealing with crimes related to gender children’s access to justice. Therefore, violence. to introduce an interim transitional justice mechanism that can address this Immediate action is also needed to find situation is the need of day. This out the resulting factors of the sexual mechanism should be able to provide and genders based violence (SGBV) gender sensitive justice by carrying out against women during the conflict investigation into different kinds of period and address the problem. There incidents of violence against women is a need for developing women and that took place during the conflict. In child-friendly environment in service this process as per the need it is providing bodies. Formulating long- essential to make necessary term programmes for making conflict-
Photo: District level consultation National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 19
Photo: District level consultation affected women self-reliant is very women’s rights and gender equality for necessary. So, formulation of laws, all stakeholders working in different policies and programmes for sectors related to peace process. The addressing the gender-based violence role of the political parties is significant that took place during the conflict and to take into account while promoting the transitional period and their women’s participation and women’s effective implementation has become rights in conflict transformation and inevitable. peace building.
6.3 Promotion 6.4 Relief and It is necessary to extensively carry out Recovery Sustainable peace promotional programmes on issues It is necessary to cannot be achieved related to women, peace and security. appropriately without addressing Though it has been quite some time address the effects the sexual and other since the campaign for gender and impact of the mainstreaming in all programs has past armed conflict gender-based violence been initiated the expected target has for ensuring the that took place during not been achieved. It is necessary to establishment of the conflict period. conduct orientation programs on sustainable peace National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 20 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
in the society. The government has 6.5 Resource Management, initiated programmes of interim relief Monitoring and Evaluation and financial assistance for the women The armed conflict has adversely and children affected by the armed affected the economy of the country. As conflict. Since their needs cannot be the country has been economically properly addressed by such provisional weakened by the conflict, management programmes alone, it is necessary to of resources in itself has emerged as a plan for long term relief and assistance big challenge in the course of conflict package programmes. Sustainable transformation. On one hand there is a peace cannot be achieved without need for means and resources addressing the sexual and other gender- necessary for running the State while based violence that took place during on the other additional economic the conflict period. resources have to be allocated for the compensation and reparation for It is necessary to address the impact addressing the impact of the armed of conflict with a long term vision by conflict. Therefore, it is necessary to providing necessary employment and give first priority to resource generation skill-oriented training to conflict- and mobilization for the purpose of affected women and implementing conflict management, transformation programmes catered to their special and social reintegration. For this, needs and abilities. Similarly, it is national and international resources necessary to identify the special have to be managed and mobilized. It needs of the former women becomes equally necessary to carry out combatants living in the gender auditing of such resources that cantonments, and to implement are allocated for conflict suitable programs for their transformation and establishment of empowerment. It is also necessary to sustainable peace. It is also necessary conduct programmes for providing to ensure the participation of women psycho-social counseling, social directly affected by conflict while rehabilitation and social re- formulating programmes addressing integration as well as skill-oriented the special needs of women. and self-employment programmes Programmes like women’s capacity keeping in mind their interest, ability, development and relief and reparation needs and market prospects for for women should be implemented rebuilding their lives. through their direct involvement. National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 21
7 National Action Plan
he relevance of UNSCR 7.1 Definition No.1325 & 1820 is Unless the subject or context requires T undoubtedly very significant otherwise requires in this National in Nepal as it is going through a Action Plan,- challenging transitional period after more than a decade-long armed conflict. a. “armed conflict” means the armed Women and children faced the greatest conflict between the State side and risk during the armed conflict and even the then Communist Party of Nepal in the present transition period they are (Maoist) that took place from 13 not totally free of risk. The State needs to February 1996 to 21 November give special attention to fully guarantee 2006 and this also includes the the security of women and girls as armed activities carried out by continued violent incidents is taking various groups in different parts of place in different parts of the country the country after the signing of the even today. It is equally necessary to Comprehensive Peace Accord. provide justice by implementing relief b. “former women combatants” means and recovery programmes based on the the women prime interest and needs of conflict- verified by the It is equally necessary to affected women and children. It is also United Nations provide justice by essential to promote women’s Mission in implementing relief and participation and build their ownership Nepal and recovery programmes in the peace process in view of the currently living based on the prime constructive contribution that they can in the make. In addition to this, it is necessary cantonments, interest and needs of to redouble efforts for increasing also also conflict-affected women’s participation also at the policy- includes the women and children. making and implementation level. women National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 22 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
discharged after they were 7. Women or girls who could not disqualified by the UN verification continue their studies because process. the school they were studying c. “girl child” means a girl who has in was seized or because of fear not attained 18 years of age. and insecurity or because of the d. “conflict-affected women and displacement of teachers children” means women and 8. Women or girls who suffered children who due to the impact of from sexual exploitation or rape armed conflict or as a result of that 9. Women or girls who because of are suffering from the following sexual exploitation or rape conditions notwithstanding their bécame pregnant and were present status: compelled to give birth or to 1. Women or girls displaced from undergo abortion their habitual place of living 10. Women or girls against whom 2. Single women action has been taken in 3. Women or girls or their suspicion of being affiliated to husbands or parents who are the security forces or armed themselves physically disabled groups or helping such forces or have lost their limbs or are or groups maimed due to the explosion of 11. Women or girls who are in landmine or Improvised detention or in prison or who Explosive Devices, or due to the have undergone imprisonment use of weapons or any other 12. Women or girls living in reason protection homes or child 4. Women or girls who have been rehabilitation homes separated from their husbands 13. Girls against whom cases have or parents or from their families been registered in courts for any 5. Former women and girls charges combatants who are pregnant, 14. Women or girls who have been or nursing mothers or have abducted or subjected to infants with them and who are involuntary disappearance or either living in the cantonments the women and girls from or outside families whose members have 6. Mentally-affected women and been abducted or subjected to girls involuntary disappearance. National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 23
e. “rehabilitation and reintegration” women so that they can express means the works of rehabilitating their sentiments without any women and girls affected by the inhibition and can easily acquire armed conflict in their family or information, services and facilities society and enabling them to utilize i. “sexual violence” means as any type the available opportunities to play of sexually explicit behaviour or a meaningful role for the protection conduct carried out against the will of their rights. of women or girls, any attempts to f. “counselling service centre” means forcibly have sex, the use of the counselling service centres indecent words or vulgar behaviour established by the government and against their will, attempt made to the non-government organisations sell women or girls for the purpose for providing services like advice, of sex or any activity done against counselling, information and the sexuality of any person. recommendation necessary for women or girls victimized by sexual 7.2 Coordination and and gender-based violence or who Collaboration for the are at risk or likely to be at risk from Implementation of the such violence National Action Plan (NAP) g. “special needs of women or girls” There has been collaboration with the should be understood as the different government agencies, special needs of women and girls development partners, donor agencies, in special biological or reproductive international non government conditions such as menstruation, organisations, and civil society. Because pregnancy and nursing, and the of this it has been easy to consult directly food, care, proper accommodation, with the concerned stakeholders, seek toilet and medical treatment their input and strengthen ownership of required for addressing these the NAP. For the effective implementation conditions of the women peace and security agenda h. “women-friendly” should be in Nepal this collaboration and understood as the suitable coordination with the stated environment equipped with all stakeholders is need to be continued. public facilities established in service providing centres by taking With high appreciation to the into account the special needs of important role played by different National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 24 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
government agencies, development Goal: To achieve sustainable partners, donor agencies, peace and just society international non government Objective: Ensure Proportional and organisations, and the civil society, meaningful participation of women at Governmet expects of Nepalthe more all levels of conflict transformation and cooperatiion, coordination and peace building processes; and collaboration during the protection of women and girls’rights implementation phase as well. In order to achieve the above stated goal 7.3 National Action Plan – and objective the NAP is structured around Matrix five pillars Participation, Protection, and The Government of Nepal has, in order Prevention, Promotion, Relief and to implement the UNSCR No.1325 adn Recovery, Resource Management and 1820, formulate and introduced a plan Monitoring and Evaluation; Each pillar with of actions for the for the coming fine its corresponding general objective, years (2011/12 to 2016/17): strategic objectives, specific actions, expected results and indicators as well as The action plan has the following goal the responsible actors and a timeframe and objective: for each action is presented herein below. 25 Time Up to five years from the first year Up to five years from the first year Frame Ministry of Foreign Affairs· Ministry of Law and Justice· Ministry of Finance· National Women’s Commission· NGOS Political Parties • • • • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction· Ministry of Home Affairs· The Ministry of Defense· Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers· Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction • • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible articipation of women of decision at all levels articipation Indicators Number of policies and laws formulated and revised· Number of policies and laws implemented Number of women in peace negotiations and special taskforces· Issues presented by women occupying these positions • • Participation MATRIX
7.3.1 Necessary Policies and laws shall be developed or revised for women’s promoting participation Proportional and meaningful participation of women in structures and processes of peace building as well in all Special Committees, taskforces, peace negotiations and informal talks • • making of conflict transformation and peace building processes the existing policies and laws, including in the security sector that obstruct women’s participation and formulate or revise policies for women’s promoting participation and meaningful participation of women in peace negotiations, informal talks, discussions, special taskforce, national and foreign missions as well in all aspects of peace building processes 1. Identify the gaps in 1. Ensure proportional Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives Objective: To ensure equitable, proportional and meaningful p ensure equitable, proportional and meaningful Objective: To revise existing policies and laws for promoting women's participation as necessary proportional and meaningful participation of women while making appointments and nominations in positions of public importance, special task forces and peace negotiations teams 1. Formulate and 2. Ensure To 26 Time Up to five years from the first year Up to five years from the first year Up to five years from the first year Frame Ministry of Law and Justice Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Related Agencies Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers • • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers Ministry of Affairs Foreign Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Defense· Ministry of Law and Justice Ministry of Home Affairs • • • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators Number of women in important public positions as well at all levels of State mechanisms · Issues regarding women and children addressed by these mechanisms Issues on gender topics raised by women· Number of capacity-building programmes and number of participants Number of women candidates in elections. • • • • • Proportional and meaningful participation of women in the Council of Ministers, National Planning Commission, office bearers of other commissions, advisors and other important public positions as well at all levels of State mechanisms Issues concerning gender in the peace, security and judicial mechanisms are effectively addressed by women whose capacity has been enhanced will have Women become capable of becoming candidates for different political positions • • • and meaningful participation of women in the Council of Ministers, National Planning Commission, office bearers of other commissions, advisors and other important public positions as well at all levels of State mechanisms building programmes from local to central level for meaningful participation of women in all peace, security and judicial mechanisms support women to file candidacy in elections 3. Conduct capacity 1. Encourage and 2. Ensure proportional Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives women’s participation at all levels of political parties, civil society, 3. Increase To 27 Time Up to five years from the first year First year Two years from the first year Frame Election Commission Political Parties Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers Political Parties Civil society NGOs Private sector NGO Federation Election Commission Political parties • • • • • • • • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare • • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Gender issues Indicators addressed by local peace committees Number of women in different levels of political parties The importance and support accorded by political parties to gender issues Number of local peace committees constituted and number of women members in the committee Number of women in different levels of private civil society, sector and Non- Government Organizations • • • • • Women proportionally represented in all levels of political parties Local peace committees are constituted with proportional participation of women Proportional and meaningful participation of women in all levels of civil society, private sector and Non-Government Organizations • • • proportional participation of women at all levels of political parties by complying with the quota system participation of women in local peace committees on proportional basis proportional and meaningful participation of women in all levels of civil private society, sector and Non- Government Organizations 2. Increase 3. Expand the 4. Encourage Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives private sector and non- government organizations 28 Time Up to five years from the first year Up to five years from the first year Frame Ministry of Information and Communications Political parties Civil society NGOs Media Civil society NGOs Media and communication channels • • • • • • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Information and Communications • • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators Number of advocacy skill development training and number of participants of advocacy Types skill development training and public awareness programmes conducted Number of in major local languages programmes conducted/ published/ broadcast from different media and communication channels Programmes that are initiated for increasing women's participation as a result of the awareness raising programs • • • • Stronger and effective advocacy programmes for increasing women's participation Greater awareness on the importance of women's participation in all peace processes • • skills of public servants, political activists, human rights defenders, journalists and organizations, working in the area of peace, development and gender equality programmes in major local langauges through communication media and organizations working for women's rights for promoting women's participation 1. Enhance advocacy 2. Launch advocacy Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives advocacy and raise wide awareness at all levels for promoting women's participation 4. strengthen To 29 Time Frame Up to five years from the first year Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers Civil society NGOs Nepal Bar Association NGOs District Resource Centre • • • • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Defense Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Law and Justice Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Law and Justice Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction • • • • • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible and prevention of the violation of these rights in of the violation these rights and prevention Indicators Evidence of improved justice and security system Number of SGBV cases investigated prosecuted and penalized Formulation of law pertaining to confidentiality Number of conflict- affected women and girls receiving prompt and free legal service • • • • 7.3.2 Protection and Prevention Reformed and strengthened justice and security system that is able to effectively and efficiently address cases of SGBV Conflict-affected women and girls have easy access to prompt and free legal services • • pre-conflict, during conflict and post situations necessary mechanisms with required reforms for carrying out immediate investigation and action in incidents of SGBV by maintaining confidentiality and dignity free legal service to women and girls affected by conflict 1. Put in place 2. Provide prompt and Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives by instituting necessary reforms in the justice and security system to enable them to promptly respond to cases of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) 1. end impunity To Objective: To ensure the protection of women and girls' rights ensure the protection Objective: To 30 Time Two years from the first year First year First year Frame Ministry of Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Office of the Attorney- General • Peace and Reconstruction • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Defense Ministry of Law and Justice Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Law and Justice Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Defense and Justice Ministry of Law • • • • • • • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators Number of capacity building programmes and number of participants Number of SGBV victims receiving effective service Number and types of legal provisions in place Number of prosecuted and penalized cases of sexual violence The amendment in the existing legal provision Number of prosecuted and penalized rape cases • • • • • • Effective delivery of services to victims of SGBV through capacitated justice and security sector Perpetrators of sexual violence during conflict are prosecuted and penalized Culprits of rape during conflict period are prosecuted and penalized on the basis of the improved legal provision on statutory limitation • • • office-bearers in the justice and security sector for providing prompt and effective services to victims of SGBV legal provisions for prosecuting perpetrators of sexual violence during conflict period existing laws extending statutory limiation for filing complaints in connection with incidents of rape 3. Build capacity of 4. Make necessary 5. Make changes in the Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives 31 Time Frame Five years from the first year Five years from the first year Five years from the first year Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction NGOs NGOs • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Office of the Prime Minister & Councile of Ministers Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Defense Ministry of Health and Population Ministry of Law and Justice Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare • • • • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators Number and kinds of actions taken against the perpetrators of sexual violence in the security sect Number of women and girls victims of sexual violence receiving medical services and psycho-social and legal counseling Number of temporary residential homes established and quality of Types services provided to women and girls at risk • • • • Perpetrators involved in incidents of sexual violence in the security sector are prosecuted and girls Women victims of SGBV receive prompt and free medical services and psycho-social and legal counselling The special needs of women and girls are promptly and effectively addressed Decrease in incidents of gender- based violence Security of women and girls at risk is enhanced • • • • tolerance regarding sexual violence in the security sector free medical service and psycho-social and legal counselling to women and girls victims of SGBV during the time of conflict residential homes for women and girls at risk as necessary 6. Maintain zero 1. Provide prompt and 2. Establish temporary Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives special needs of conflict-affected women and girls 2. the address To 32 Time Frame Five years from the first year Five years from the first year Five years from the first year Five years from the first year Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction NGOs Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction NGOs Conflicting Parties Civil society NGOs Conflicting Parties Civil society NGOs • • • • • • • • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Home Affairs Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers Ministry of Peace and Re3construction Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Law and Justice Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Responsible Agencies Responsible • • • • • • • Indicators Number of Women Number of and Children service centers established in separate buildings Number of women and girls receiving services from these centers Women Number of and Children Service Centers headed by Inspector level woman police officer Provisions established in ceasefire and peace agreements for addressing SGBV Kinds of provisions related to SGBV incorporated in ceasefire and peace agreements Decrease in incidents of SGBV cases • • • • • • Women and girls Women victims of SGBV have easy access to gender sensitive and effective services Enhanced and Women strengthened and Children Service Centers that are able to provide effective services to women and girls victims of SGBV End of impunity related to cases of SGBV due to it being effectively addressed in all ceasefire and peace agreements Incidents of rape and attempted rape are excluded from the provision of general amnesty in peace agreements leading to ending impunity • • • • existing Women and Children Service Centers of Nepal Police and provide services to women and girls victims of SGBV from a separate building away from the general police stations and offices imspector level woman police officer to head the and Womjen Children Service Centers of Nepal Police SGBV in all peace agreements of rape and attempted rape from the provision of general amnesty while signing peace agreements 3. Strengthen the 4. Gradually assign 1. Address issues of 2. Exclude incidents Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives addressing issues of SGBV cases that occurred during conflict and transitional period 3 end impunity by To 33 Time Frame First y year Five years from the first year Five years from the first year Legislative parliament NGOs s NGOs • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Law and Justice Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Home Affaires Ministry of Defense Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Home Affaires Ministry of Defense • • • • • • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators Number of investigations carried out in regard to incidents of SGBV cases; - number of cases prosecuted and the kind of process adopted Reparation received by the victims Number of trainings conducted on SGBV for Nepal Armed Police, Police Force and Nepal Army and number of participants Number of trainings given on UNSCR No.1325 and 1820 and number of participants • • • • • Truth and Truth Reconciliation Commission Established and functional Officials of Nepal Armed Police, Police Force and Nepal Army are capable of handling SGBV cases effectively and sensitively Personnel of Nepal Armed Police, Police Force and Nepal Army assigned to peacekeeping force are not engaged in any forms of SGBV • • • infrastructure necessary for establishing the and Truth Reconciliation Commission office-bearers at all levels of the security sector on issues of SGBV right from the time of joining service training on UNSCR No.1325 and 1820 to Nepal Police, Armed Police Force Army and Nepal personnel prior to going on UN peacekeeping missions 1. Set up the 1. Provide training to 2. Continue providing Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives Truth and Truth Reconciliation Commission of the security sector on SGBV 4. establish the To 5. train officials To 34 Time Frame Five years from the first year Five years from the first year Five years from the first year Local Peace Committees Local Agencies NGOs National Women's Commission Local Peace Committees Local Agencies NGOs Ministry of Law and Justice NGOs • • • • • • • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare • • • • • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators mainstream gender perspectives in all aspects and gender perspectives mainstream Statistical report along with the analysis of SGBV perpetrated against women and girls affected by conflict Number of information centers conducted Number of UNSCRs 1325 & 1820 translated in major local languages and programmes conducted • • • 7.3.3 Promotion Sex disaggregated data on SGBV cases including causes of such violence against women and girls affected by conflict are identified and documented Information centers on women, peace and security are functional at the central and district levels All concerned stakeholders aware and informed about UNSCR 1325 &a 1820 due to the availability of these documents in • • • stages of conflict transformation and peace building processes No.1325 & 1820 and other related international documents on human rights of women in major information centers on women, peace and security at the central and district level document data including the causes of SGBV perpetrated on women and girls affected by conflict 3. UNSCR Translate 2. Determine 1. Collect and Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives Objective: To promote the rights of women and girls, promote the rights Objective: To by collecting data on all forms of SGBV against women and girls 1. raise awareness To 35 Time Frame Five years from the first year Three years from the first year Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction NGOs Network and Alliance of Schools Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Civil society NGOs Ministry of Home Affairs The Ministry of Defense • • • • • • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Ministry of Information and Communications Ministry of Education Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators Kinds of issues on women, peace and security incorporated in the school curriculum and other non- formal education programmes and number of schools complying with it Number of awareness-related programmes conducted and records of the number of participants Number of conflict- affected women and girls and former women combatants rehabilitated • • • majjor local languages Women, peace and Women, security issues are included in school curriculum and in other non-formal education programmes Conflict-affected women and girls former women combatants are rehabilitated in families and society • • awareness-raising programmes for creating conducive environment for the rehabilitation of conflict-affected women, girls and former women combatants in family and society women, peace and security issues in the school curriculum and in other non-formal education programmes local languages and disseminate them through various media and communication channels 5. Conduct 4. Incorporate Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives 36 Time Frame Five years from the first year Five years from the first year Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare NGOs Media Federation of Nepali Journalists Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Education Ministry of Health and Population Ministry of Local Development • • • • • • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Information and Communications Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Information and Communications • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators Number of orientation programs conducted and materials published or disseminated by different media channels The importance accorded by the media to issues related to women, peace and security The process applied in the dissemination of information. The number of conflict-affected women and girls receiving information Change in attitudinal treatment towards conflict- affected women and girls and former women combatants • • • • • UNSCRs 1325 & 1820 are prioritized by different media and communication channels Conflict-affected people particularly women and girls receive information on relief and reparation in a transparent and timely manner • • orientation programmes on UNSCRs 1325 & 1820 for different media and communication channels information on relief and reparation in a transparent manner 6. Conduct 7. Disseminate Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives 37 Time Frame Tw o years from the first year Tw o years from the first year Ministry of Labour and Transport Management Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Defense Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Defense • • • • • • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Finance Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators Number of engendered policies and programmes on conflict transformation and peace building Number of focal persons appointed and their role • • Policies and programmes related to conflict transformation and peace building are engendered Focal Persons for the implementation of UNSCR No.1325 &1820 institutionalized in all related agencies and are active • • persons in all concerned central and local level agencies and build their capacity for the implementation of UNSCR No.1325 & 1820 perspectives in policies and programmes related to conflict transformation and peace building processes 2. Appoint focal 1. Incorporate gender Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives gender perspectives are mainstreamed in all aspects of conflict transformation and peace building processes 2. that ensure To 38 Time Frame Tw o years from the first year Five years from the first year Ministry of Local Development Political parties Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare NGOs Political parties • • • • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Home Affairs • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators Number of capacity building programmes conducted and number of participants in the programmes Issues presented by women in the committees and the they play role Number of training programmes on women, peace and security conducted by political parties • • • The women members of the Local Peace Committees are capacitated and effectively carry out their responsibilities Issues related to women, peace and security are addressed in the training programmes conducted by the sister organizations of all political parties and as a result members of political parties are more sensitive towards the issue • • of the members, especially women members, of the Local Peace Committees constituted in the district and the Municipality/VDC level include issues on women, peace and security in their training programmes 3. Build the capacity 4. Political parties to Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives 39 Time Frame Tw o years from the first year Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction NGOs • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators Number of networks established at the district level and the number of coordinated programmes conducted by the networks Effectiveness of programs implemented at the district level • • Activities related to women and women's rights at the district level are carried out in a coordinated manner through network formation • formation of district level network amongst organizations working in the sector of women and women's rights 5. Encourage the Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives 40 Time First year Two years from the first year Frame NGOs NGOs • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction National Planning Commission Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Local Development Ministry of Health and Population Ministry of Education Ministry of Home Affairs • • • • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible ddress the specific needs of women and girls ddress Indicators Study reports revealing the actual condition of conflict affected women and girls Number and kinds of relief programmes formulated with the participation of women, girls and former women combatants Number of women, girls and former combatants receiving relief aid and the quality of relief program • • 7.3.4 Relief and Recovery Needs of conflict- affected women, girls and former women combatants are identified and effectively addressed by relief and recovery programs Conflict-affected women, girls and former women combatants receive relief as per their specific needs rehabilitation programmes and to a and to rehabilitation programmes • • condition (health, education, financial and economic status) of conflict- affected women, girls and former women combatants with their participation implement gender sensitive immediate relief programmes with the participation of conflict-affected women, girls and former women combatants and in coordination with concerned stakeholders 1. Identify the actual 2. Formulate and Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic Objective: To ensure the direct and meaningful participation of conflict-affected women in the formulation and women in the formulation of conflict-affected the direct and meaningful participation ensure To Objective: objectives implement relief and recovery programmes with the participation of women and girls affected by conflict as per their needs and condition 1. Formulate and implementation of relief, recovery and implementation of relief, 41 Time Five years from the first year Five years from the first year Five years from the first year Frame Local Agencies NGOs Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction NGOs Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Finance NGOs • • • • • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Local Development Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Central Child Board Welfare National Planning Commission Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Local Development • • • • • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators Number of women and girls getting documents (e.g. birth certificate, school certificate, marriage certificate) Number of children and employees or working women receiving and acquiring the facilities Number of child care centers and the quality of service provided by the centers Number of women participating in the formulation of programs Number of women and girls getting reparation for damages • • • • • Easy access to government services and facilities through the facilitation of documents (e.g. birth certificate, school certificate, marriage certificate) that guarantee the rights of women and girls living in conflict- affected situations Child care facilities are in place government and private sector offices and at the community level for conflict-affected employees and working women Conflict-affected women and girls receive relief and recovery packages as per their need • • • preparation and processing of documents (e.g. citizenship cards, birth certificate, school certificate, marriage certificate) that guarantee the rights of conflict- affected women and girls child care facilities targeted to conflict-affected employees or working women as per the need participation of the conflict-affected women and girls and in coordination with concerned stakeholders, formulate and 3. Facilitate the 4. Make provision for 5. With the Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives 42 Time Two years from the first year Five years from the first year Two years from the first year Frame NGOs Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare NGOs Schools Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare NGOs Private sector • • • • • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Ministry of Health and Population Ministry of Education Ministry of Home Affairs Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Health and Population Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Education Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Education Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction • • • • • • • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators Type of reparation Type and amount The type of service provided and the number of beneficiaries Number of girls getting scholarship Number of programmes conducted The bridging courses and the non-formal education programmes operated and the number of participants • • • • • Women who have Women lost mental balance due to conflict or whose families have not been traced receive required treatment and are rehabilitated Conflict-affected girls are able to continue their education Conflict-affected women and girls will have access to appropriate education • • • implement gender sensitive health, education, physical, financial and economic recovery programmes based as per the need arrangements for the treatment and rehabilitation of women who are mentally disturbed due to conflict and whose families have not been identified scholarships and incentive programmes for conflict-affected girls course and non- formal education to conflict-affected women and girls who due to the conflict were not 6. Make necessary 7. Implement 8. Provide bridging Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives 43 Time Three years from the first year Two years from the first year Frame NGOs Local organizations Nepal Rastra Bank Agricultural Development Bank Other banks NGOs • • • • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Industry Ministry of Labour and Transport Management Ministry of Education Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Finance • • • • • • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators Number of skill- oriented training and number of participants Number of those getting employment and the type of employment The qualitative improvement in the living standard of women as a result of the implemented programmes Number of women starting enterprises after receiving the seed money and interest-free loan • • • • Conflict-affected women and girls are engaged in income-generation activities or get employment as per their skills Conflict-affected women and girls getting the seed money and interest- free loans start their own enterprises and are self employed • • able to continue their studies or who missed school skill-oriented training and income-generating programmes for the benefit of conflict- affected women and girls based on their interests, ability and market potentials money or interest- free loans to conflict-affected women and girls who have received training or apprenticeship for income generation 9. Implement special 10. Provide seed Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives 44 Time Three years from the first year Five years from the first year Frame Ministry of Health and Population Ministry of Education Ministry of Home Affairs Civil society NGOs Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers National Planning Commission • • • • • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Finance • • • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators Number of training and number of participants The change in the attitude of service- providers towards the conflict-affected women and girls Establishment of the fund and status of implementation • • • Conflict-affected women and girls receive dignified and sensitive response from service providers and girls Women receive immediate relief assistance as per their need at the time of conflict • • orientation programmes to service providers enabling them to be sensitive and respectful in their response to conflict-affected women and girls emergency fund for addressing the immediate needs of women and girls during conflict 11. Conduct 12. Establish an Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives 45 Time Five years from the first year Five years from the first year Five years from the first year Frame Private sector NGOs Private sector NGOs Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers • • • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies National Planning Commission Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Finance Sectoral Ministries Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Finance Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Women, • • • • • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators Allocated annual budget and programmes for the implementation of the NAP The resources contributed by the development partner organizations, national and international non- governmental organizations and the private sector Status of monitoring and evaluation process Number of capacity building • • • • Adequate resources is available for the implementation of the NAP Adequate resources available from development partner organizations, national and international non- governmental organizations and the private sector Effective monitoring and evaluation of NAP takes place • • • 7.3.5 Resource Management, Monitoring and Evaluation National Action Plan in the periodic and sectoral plans, budget and programmes resources from development partner organizations, national and international non- governmental organizations and the private sector building programmes for effective monitoring and evaluation of National Action Plan through collaboration and coordination of all stakeholders 2. Mobilize additional 1. Conduct capacity 1. Incorporate the Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives National Plan of Action in an effective manner monitoring and evaluation system with participation of all the sectoral Objective: To institutionalize monitoring and evaluation and ensure required resources for the implementation of the the implementation for resources required and ensure monitoring and evaluation institutionalize Objective: To 1. the execute To 2. institutionalize To 46 Time Five years from the first year Five years from the first year Five years from the first year Frame National Planning Commission National Women's Commission NGOs Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare NGOs NGOs • • • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Children and Social Welfare Other related ministries/ departments and sectors Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction National Planning Commission Ministry of Finance • • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators programmes conducted for monitoring and the number of participants in such programmes Number of beneficiaries and organizations working for women's rights participating in the monitoring and evaluation Monitoring and Evaluation carried out with the gender audit system. Number of multilateral stakeholders involved in the implementation of • • • Participatory monitoring and evaluation system is institutionalized. The gender audit system is incorporated in the monitoring and evaluation mechanism. Effective and continued coordination and collaboration is maintained with • • • participation of beneficiaries and organizations working for women's rights in the monitoring and evaluation of the NAP gender audit system into the monitoring and evaluation mechanism. appropriate process for coordination and collaboration with government 3. Incorporate the 1. Develop an the NAP 2. Institutionalize the Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives agencies, women beneficiaries and organizations working for women's right and collaborate with multilateral stakeholders for the 3. Coordinate To 47 Time Five years from the first year First year First year Frame National Planning Commission National Women's Commission Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Finance • • • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Ministry of Peace & Reconstruction Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction • • • • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators the NAP and available resources Program organized for making the monitoring and evaluation report public Programmes run for increasing the capacity of the implementation committee Establishment of the unit Capacity building programmes and • • • • Concerned stakeholders and the general public are aware of the implementation status of NAP The capacity of the UNSCR1325 &1820 Implementation Committee is enhanced and it is effectively functional Gender perspective is fully incorporated in all the programmes of the multilateral stakeholders for the implementation of the NAP for resource mobilization and for monitoring and evaluation • • • bodies, development partners, non- government organizations, the private sector and civil society monitoring and evaluation report public capacity of the "Implementation Committee" established for the Implementation of UNSCR No.1325 & 1820 at the Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction and 2. Publicize the 1. Enhance the 2. Set up a gender unit Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives implementation of the NAP for resource mobilization and for monitoring and evaluation mechanism for implementation of the NAP 4. set up a To 48 Time First year Frame Ministry of Finance NGOs • • Supporting Agencies Implementing Agencies Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Ministry of Home Affairs • • Responsible Agencies Responsible Indicators the number of participants The status of gender mainstreaming in plans and programmes of the Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Number of committees constituted The status of the performance of the committee • • • Coordination committees constituted with the participation of concerned stakeholders at the district level are active and functional Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction • enhance its capacity UNSCR No.1325 & 1820 Coordination Committee at the district level under the coordination of the Chief District Officer 3. Constitute the Specific Actions Specific Result Expected Strategic objectives National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 49
Photo: District level consultation
Photo: District level consultation
National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 51
Implementation of the 8 National Action Plan
Photo: District level consultation
The following provisions have been agencies. While formulating made for the implementation of the programmes priority will be given to National Action Plan: programmes that provide immediate 8.1 Programmes will be formulated and relief assistance necessary for implemented in coordination with the conflict-affected women and girls. Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction, 8.2 Programmes will be implemented in the Ministry of Women, Children and collaboration with the Ministries and Social Welfare and agencies Departments at the central level and responsible for implementing the with the District Administration Office, programmes and supporting the District Development Committee National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 52 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
(DDC) office, the Women and Children’s Plan, and such an officer will help in office, the District Public Health Office, running programmes and in collecting the District Education Office, the sex disaggregated data of conflict- District Cottage Industries affected women and girls. The Development Office/Board, the assistance of international district-based security offices, the development partners interested in District Child Welfare Board and other implementing the National Action bodies at the district level. Capacity- Plan will be mobilized for this purpose. building programmes shall also be 8.7 Sex disaggregated data of conflict- implemented for enhancing the affected women and girls will be capacity of these offices. collected for the implementation of 8.3 The national and international Non- the National Action Plan. Governmental Organisations working Arrangements will be made for in the sector of women’s rights at the making the data available to the local level and their networks will be coordination committee at the mobilized to the maximum extent district level at the Women and while implementing the programmes. Children Office. The data received by 8.4 Orientation, interaction and the implementation committee at the awareness programmes will be central level will be kept at the conducted for all concerned Ministry of Women, Children and stakeholders including the service Social Welfare. Arrangements will be providers to enhance their sensitivity made for maintaining the and skill to respond appropriately confidentiality of sensitive with all conflict affected people information related to conflict- (conflict-affected women and girls). affected women and girls . 8.5 Participation of the conflict-affected 8.8 Arrangements will be made for women and girls in labour-oriented documenting and exchanging and community development information and best practices from programmes to be conducted at the one district to another district while district level will be encouraged and implementing the National Action Plan employment provided to them based . on the skills they have acquired and 8.9 The ministries/commissions/offices their age. stated as Responsible Agencies in the 8.6 Provison will be made for recruiting a National Action Plan will at their programme officer at all conflict-hit earliest formulate and implement District Administration Office for individual action plans for fulfilling implementing the National Action their specified responsibilities. National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 53
Institutional arrangement for the implementation of 9 the Action Plan
9.1 Steering Committee: A Steering Committee is constituted for implementing the National Action Plan as seterred here in below:
a. Minister for Foreign Affairs Chairperson b. Minister for Peace and Reconstruction Co-Chairperson c. Minister for Women, Children and Social Welfare Member d. State Minister for Peace and Reconstruction Member e. Member, the National Planning Commission (responsible for dealing with the Peace and Reconstruction) Member f. Member, the National Women’s Commission Member g. Secretary, the Ministry of Finance Member h. Secretary, the Ministry of Home Member i. Secretary, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Member j. Secretary, the Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers Member k. Secretary, the Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Member l. Secretary, the Ministry of Defense Member m. Secretary, the Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Member n. Representative, the Women’s Welfare Society Member o. Representative, IHRICON Member p. Representative, Shanti Malika Member q. Representative, Beyond Beijing Committee (BBC) Member r. Representative, Women’s Peace Group, NTTP Member s. Representative, Women Security Pressure Group Member t. Representative, Women’s Network for Peace, Power, Democracy and the Constituent Assembly (WAPPDCA) Member National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 54 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
u. Representative, Rural Women’s Development and Unity Centre Member v. Representative, Saathi Member w. Representative, Women for Human Rights, Single Women’s Group Member x. Representative, Nepal Society Development Centre Member y. Joint Secretary, Law and & Communication Division, Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Member-Secretary
The Steering Committee may, as per c. To maintain inter- agency necessity, invite to its meeting the Chief coordination for women’s of UN Women in Nepal; the empowerment and to ensure that the representative/s of the Peace Support dividends of peace is received by Working Group (PSWG) for the women implementation of UNSCR No.1325 and d. To generate national and international 1820; the Resident Representative of support for implementation of the the United Nations Development NationalAction Plan Programme for Nepal and other experts e. To ensure that responsible agenceis on related subjects.
9.2 Functions, Duties and Powers of the Steering Committee Functions, duties and powers of the steering committee shall be as followers: a. To make policy provisions regarding gender mainstreaming in conflict management and peace building processes b. To make policy provisions for the prevention and control of gender- based violence specifically taking place during and after conflict Photo: District level consultation National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 55
develop and implement their The Implementation Committee shall individual plans have to invite the representative of the f. To carry out regular monitoring and Ministry of Foreign Affairs to its meeting supervision of the implementation as an invitee member. Representatives of of National Action Plan, and for this donor organisations as specified by the purpose, to form a sub-committee Steering Committee may be included in and to specify its terms of reference. the Implementation Committee as g. To provide necessary directions to observers. the agencies concerned regarding implementation of the National 9.4 Functions, duties and Action Plan powers of the h. To present the report on the status Implementation Committee of the implementation of UNSCR Functions, duties and powers of the No.1325 & 1820 to the United implementing committee shall be as Nations follows:
9.3 Implementation Committee An Implementation Committee with the following members is formed under the Steering Committee
a. Joint-Secretary; Law and Communications Division, Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Convenor b. Representative, Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare Member c. Representative, Ministry of Home Affairs Member d. Representative, Ministry of Defense Member e. Representative, Ministry of Education Member f. Representative, UN Women, Nepal Member g. Representative, the National Women’s Commission Member h. Under Secretary; Law and Human Rights Section, Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction Member- Secretary National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 56 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
a. To carry out the decisions taken by 9.5 Provision for a Gender the High Level Steering Committee Unit b. To provide support and coordination A Gender Unit shall be set up at the for developing sectoral plans and its Ministry of Peace and Reconstruction implementation for the effective implementation of the c. To adopt measures for promoting National Action Plan. The Convenor gender awareness of the Implementation Committee will d. To pay special attention to the head the Unit comprising of the special needs and the vulnerable Member-Secretary of the situation of conflict-affected women Implementation Committee, a section e. To mobilise necessary resources for officer and other subject experts and implementation of the National employees as needed. The Unit will Action Plan be provided with necessary resources f. To monitor the status of the and the capacity of the employees implementation and report to the working in the unit will be enhanced. Steering Committee This Unit will be responsible for g. To prepare the annual progress preparing the annual report of the report and submit it to the Steering National Action Plan and also to carry Committee out the monitoring and evaluation. 9.6 National Action Plan District Coordination Committee A National Action Plan District Coordination Committee comprising of the following members will be set up in the districts for the implementation of the National Action Plan:
a. The Chief District Officer Convenor b. Local Development Officer Co-Convenor c. Chairperson/Representative, Local Peace Committee Member d. Chief, the District Public Health Office Member e. District Education Officer Member f. Chief, the Small and Cottage Industries Development Office/Board Member g. Chief, the District Police Office Member h. Representative, the Technical School based in the district Member i. Chief, the District Child Welfare Board Member j. Two conflict-affected women assigned by the Local Peace Committee Member k. Two representatives from among the non-government organizations working in the women’s rights sector assigned by the committee Member l. Women and Children Officer Member-Secretary National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 57
The representatives of the donor agencies Steering Committee and the based in the district providing support for Implementation Committee the implementation of the Action Plan may b. Ensure the programmes proposed be invited to the District Coordination in the National Action Plan are Committee as observers. The committee included in the programmes of the shall invite the representatives of other concerned district level offices offices in the district as seen necessary. c. Maintain coordination among different programmes related to the 9.7 Functions, duties and National Action Plan implemented powers of the National in the district Action Plan District d. Carry out constant monitoring and Coordination Committee evaluation of the implementation of Functions, duties and powers of the programmes related to the National National Action Plan, District Action Plan conducted in the district Coordination committee shall be as e. Provide the progress report on the follows: National Action Plan to the a. Carry out the decisions of the Implementation Committee
Photo: District level consultation, Banke National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 58 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
Photo: District level consultation
Photo: District level consultation National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 59
10 Monitoring and Evaluation
10.1 The process and procedure for Action Plan. Arrangements will be carrying out on-going monitoring made for conducting quarterly, half- shall be adopted in a result-based yearly and annual progress review way by using result indicators like for institutionalizing the monitoring input, activities, outcome, and evaluation process. achievements and goals in the 10.3 Arrangements will be made for course of the implementation of periodic publication and for the National Action Plan. making the progress report on the Participation of program implementation public. beneficiaries will also be sought 10.4 In order to make the monitoring out in the monitoring and process more effective, evaluation process. Arrangements shall be made for 10.2 Appropriate Management assigning a Focal Person who will Information System will be framed be responsible for monitoring in and implemented for effective and each responsible agency and efficient operation of the National required resources will be provided.
Photo: District level consultation National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 60 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
Photo: District level consultation
Photo: District level consultation National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 61
Risk factors for implementation of the 11 National Action Plan (NAP)
11.1 Lack of resources: The actions also poses a challenge in proposed in the NAP for conflict enhancing the capacity of the affected women and girls cannot be employees. implemented effectively with the 11.3 Ensuring access of target groups government resources alone. So the to relief assistance: Given the success of this Action Plan will large number of conflict-affected also depend on foreign assistance. women and girls and the Therefore, management of adequate limitation of relief and recovery means and resources is a challenge programmes, ensuring the access for the implementation of the of genuine victims to such Action Plan. services will be a great challenge. 11.2 Human resource development: Hence, to indentify the genuine Skilled human resources will be victims and provide relief and necessary in every stage of the recovery programme is also implementation and monitoring another challenge. and evaluation. Nepal lacks 11.4 Relief and reparation programmes skilled human resources in limited to cash compensation: transitional management Since the relief and reparation particularly in the context of programmes are at presently psycho-social counselors, doctors limited to cash compensation, it and other experts. Supplying may be difficult to design skilled human resources in time reparation programs based on the and building the capacity of the actual needs of the victims. Also existing human resources is cash compensation may not help challenging. In addition to this, the the conflict affected to be self- frequent transfer of personnel in reliant. Therefore, generating the present administrative system income for them or making them National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 62 [2011/12 – 2015/16]
Photo: District level consultation
self-reliant by creating Since most, programmes are carried employment may be a big out and targeted at easily challenge. accessible places and centre even 11.5 Pro-active role of the if programmes are targeted in implementing agencies: It is remote areas, their implementation necessary that all agencies is found to be weak. However, most responsible for implementing the conflict-affected people are found Action Plan are pro-active in to be living in remote areas. fulfilling their responsibilities. Therefore, conducting such This Action Plan will not achieve programmes at the village level in the expected success if the all the three regions of the country- the Tarai, the Hill and the responsible agencies are not Mountains – in a balanced way is active in carrying out their challenging. responsibilities as stated in the 11.8 Ensuring Security: The issue of NAP. security also stands as a 11.6 Coordination: It is very important challenge for conducting that there is coordination among programmes outlined in the the related bodies for the national action plan with implementation of the Action Plan. identifing people affected by the 11.7 Balanced operation of programmes: conflict . National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 [2011/12 – 2015/16] 63
Measures to 12 address the Risk
The following measures should be in kind as far as possible. taken for addressing the above- 12.4 Pay adequate attention to the mentioned challenges or risk factors: security of conflict affected 12.1 Work together with national and women. international organizations for 12.5 The responsible agencies shall generating resources necessary have to implement the for running programmes stated in programmes activities as the National Action Plan. indicated in National Action Plan 12.2 Conduct capacity-building in the specified time frame. programmes for the office-bearers 12.6 The Ministry of Peace and of the implementing agencies. Reconstruction will take the 12.3 Make arrangements for providing responsibility of coordination for relief to the genuine conflict- the implementation of the affected people not only in cash National Action Plan.
Photo: District level consultation National Action Plan On Implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1325 & 1820 64 [2011/12 – 2015/16]