QUANTITATIVE STUDIES of Rdna in AMPHIBIANS

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AMPHIBIA: CAUDATA: PLETHODONTIDAE Lineatriton

AMPHIBIA: CAUDATA: PLETHODONTIDAE Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles. Tanner, W.W. and H.A. Dundee. 2000. Lineatriton, L. lineolus. Lineatriton Tanner Mexican Slender Salamander Spelerpes Cope 18652197. Type species, S. luclfuga Rafinesque (1832), by monotypy. Opheobatrachus Gray 1868:298. Qpe species, 0.vennicularis, by monotypy. Oedipina Cope 1887%. Type species, 0. uniformis, by mono- tYPY. LineatritonTanner 1950:39. Type species, L. lineola, by mono- typy. Genotype based on examination of three specimens in the Edward H. Taylor collection from Cuatlapan, Veracruz, Mkxico. The primary study was on specimen number 26583 and some myological data were obtained from specimens 266 12 and 26593. These specimens apparently were sold to the Field Museum of Natural History and to the University of Illinois. The latter were later transferred to the Illinois Natu- ral History Survey collection. WHS swapped some speci- mens but has no record of museums to which they went. A canvas of major collections has not brought to light the cur- rent catalog numbers. CONTENT. A single species, Lineatriton lineolus, is recog- nized. See Species Account and Remarks. MAP. Distribution of Linearrilon lineolus. Dots represent known col- lection sites. The type locality is too imprecise to plot. DEFINITION. The only species of this genus is a greatly elongate, slender-bodied terrestrial salamander reaching at least 38 mm SVLand 128 mm TL. The tail is cylindrical, constricted origin as it is at the insertion. The M. geniohyoideus lateralis is at the base, and in adults is approximately twice as long as the undivided and with a single origin. The M. rectus cervicis is in combined length of head and body.
Chemie Studijní Obor: Chemie a Biologie Se Zaměřením Na Vzdělávání

Univerzita Karlova Přírodovědecká fakulta Studijní program: Chemie Studijní obor: Chemie a biologie se zaměřením na vzdělávání Veronika Majerová Regenerační schopnosti obratlovců Regeneration abilities among vertebrates Bakalářská práce Školitelka: Mgr. Zuzana Starostová, Ph.D. Praha, 2021 Poděkování Ráda bych poděkovala své školitelce Mgr. Zuzaně Starostové, Ph.D. za její čas, trpělivost a cenné rady při zpracování této bakalářské práce. Také bych chtěla poděkovat své rodině, kamarádům a příteli za jejich podporu. Prohlášení Prohlašuji, že jsem závěrečnou práci zpracovala samostatně a že jsem uvedla všechny použité informační zdroje a literaturu. Tato práce ani její podstatná část nebyla předložena k získání jiného nebo stejného akademického titulu. Bakalářská práce je školním dílem a může být použita ke komerčním účelům jen se souhlasem vedoucího bakalářské práce a děkana Přírodovědecké fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Praze. dne …………………………. podpis ………………………. Abstrakt Mezi obratlovci je napříč taxony nerovnoměrně rozložena schopnost regenerovat různé tělní struktury, od buněčné úrovně až po komplexní orgány či celé části těla jako jsou končetiny či ocas. Regenerace je chápána jako obnova poškozených či úplně ztracených tkání, kdy je obnovená struktura více či méně podobná nebo dokonce identická se strukturou původní. Ve volné přírodě regeneraci často předchází setkání s predátorem, kdy je jedinec přímo zraněn nebo může dojít k autotomii, tedy dobrovolnému odvržení části těla. Autotomie i regenerace mají spoustu výhod i nevýhod, které se mezi sebou často prolínají a následně jedince ovlivňují. Za přeborníky v regeneraci jsou považováni především ocasatí obojživelníci, kteří jsou schopni dokonale zregenerovat různé tělní struktury (např. oční čočku, končetinu či ocas) a tato schopnost jim přetrvává po celý život, na rozdíl od žab, u kterých schopnost regenerace po metamorfóze výrazně klesá.
Invited Review the Phylogenetic Odyssey of the Erythrocyte. IV. The

Histol Histopathol (1997) 12: 147-170 Histology and 001: 10.14670/HH-12.147 Histopathology http://www.hh.um.es From Cell Biology to Tissue Engineering Invited Review The phylogenetic odyssey of the erythrocyte. IV. The amphibians C.A. Glomski, J. Tamburlin, R. Hard and M. Chainani State University of New York at Buffalo, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Buffalo, New York, USA Summary. Amphibians mani fes t permanently nucleated , Introduction oval. flatte ned , biconvex ery throcytes. These cell s demonstrate a cytoskeleton which is responsible for their H e moglo bin is a n unique, a nc ie nt respirato ry morphogeneti c conversion from a sphere to an ellipse me ta ll o -pig m e nt w hose s pec ia li zed func ti o ns a nd imparts to the ir cellular m ass revers ibility of a re d e mo ns tra bly e nha nced by it s m ic ro traumati c deformati o n. The class Amphibia has the environmentali zati on in a passive-flowi ng, circulating largest of all erythrocytes attaining volumes greater than cell as opposed to free physical solution in the plasma as 10,000 fe mto lite rs in the Amphiuma. The la rge seen at the in vertebrate level (Glomski and Tamburlin, dimensions re fl ect evolutionary processes, genomic size, 1989). The degree of its polymeri zati on, association with plo id y a nd the re lative size of o the r somati c cell s. interactive enzyme syste ms, and the structure o f it s Conversely, the ery throcyte count a nd he mog lobin globin chains confe r upon the compound a spectrum of concentrat io n of these spec ies are low.
On the Taxonomy of Oedipina Stuarti (Caudata: Plethodontidae), with Description of a New Species from Suburban Tegucigalpa, Honduras

SALAMANDRA 52(2) 125–133 New30 June Oedipina 2016 fromISSN outside 0036–3375 Tegucigalpa, Honduras On the taxonomy of Oedipina stuarti (Caudata: Plethodontidae), with description of a new species from suburban Tegucigalpa, Honduras José Mario Solís1, Mario R. Espinal2, Rony E. Valle1, Carlos M. O’Reilly3, Michael W. Itgen4 & Josiah H. Townsend4 1) Escuela de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Depto. de Francisco Morazán, Tegucigalpa, Honduras 2) Centro Zamorano de Biodiversidad (CZB), Escuela Agrícola Panamericana Zamorano, Depto. de Francisco Morazán, Tegucigalpa, Honduras ³) Calle la Fuente, edificio Landa Blanco No. 1417 Apto. 11, Tegucigalpa, Honduras 4) Department of Biology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, Pennsylvania 15705-1081, USA Corresponding author: Josiah Townsend, e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript received: 6 June 2014 Accepted: 29 January 2016 by Edgar Lehr Abstract. We review the taxonomy and distribution of Oedipina stuarti in Honduras. Based on uncertainty related to the type locality, we restrict the taxon to the holotype, which we posit originated from a mine in the northern portion of the Department of Valle, Honduras. We subsequently describe a new species of Oedipina from Distrito Central, Departamento de Francisco Morazán, Honduras, based on newly collected material as well as one specimen previously designated as a paratype of O. stuarti. The new species is differentiated from all other members of the genus by having 19 costal grooves, 20 trunk vertebrae, 27–38 maxillary teeth, and 20–24 vomerine teeth, as well as by its phylogenetic relationships. Phylogenetic analysis suggests this species to be most closely related to O. ignea, O.
Volume 2, Chapter 14-8: Salamander Mossy Habitats

Glime, J. M. and Boelema, W. J. 2017. Salamander Mossy Habitats. Chapt. 14-8. In: Glime, J. M. Bryophyte Ecology. Volume 2. 14-8-1 Bryological Interaction.Ebook sponsored by Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists. Last updated 19 July 2020 and available at <http://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/bryophyte-ecology2/>. CHAPTER 14-8 SALAMANDER MOSSY HABITATS Janice M. Glime and William J. Boelema TABLE OF CONTENTS Tropical Mossy Habitats – Plethodontidae........................................................................................................ 14-8-3 Terrestrial and Arboreal Adaptations ......................................................................................................... 14-8-3 Bolitoglossa (Tropical Climbing Salamanders) ......................................................................................... 14-8-4 Bolitoglossa diaphora ................................................................................................................................ 14-8-5 Bolitoglossa diminuta (Quebrada Valverde Salamander) .......................................................................... 14-8-5 Bolitoglossa hartwegi (Hartweg's Mushroomtongue Salamander) ............................................................ 14-8-5 Bolitoglossa helmrichi ............................................................................................................................... 14-8-5 Bolitoglossa jugivagans ............................................................................................................................
A New Genus of Plethodontid Salamander from Mexico Wilmer W

Great Basin Naturalist Volume 10 Article 3 Number 1 – Number 4 10-10-1950 A new genus of plethodontid salamander from Mexico Wilmer W. Tanner Brigham Young University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn Recommended Citation Tanner, Wilmer W. (1950) "A new genus of plethodontid salamander from Mexico," Great Basin Naturalist: Vol. 10 : No. 1 , Article 3. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn/vol10/iss1/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Western North American Naturalist Publications at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Great Basin Naturalist by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. A NEW GENUS OF PLETHODONTID SALAMANDER FROM MEXICO") WILMER W. TANNER Assistant Professor of Zoology and Entomology Brigham Young University Among the salamanders of the family Plethodontidae is a large and diversified group of terrestrial and arboreal species ranging from central Mexico southward through Central America and into northern South America. When the family was established by Gray in 1850, there appears to have been only one species Bolitoglossa platydactylus (Cuvier) recognized from this area. In the succeeding years many new species were added, until now there is a rather imposing list of approximately eighty-five well-established species. During the last three decades such workers as E. R. Dunn, K. P. Schmidt, H. M. Smith, L. C. Stewart, E. H. Taylor, and others have added considerably to the numbers of specimens available in collec- tions, to the numbers of new species, and to the general understanding of the southern segment of this family.
Coincident Mass Extirpation of Neotropical Amphibians with the Emergence of the Infectious Fungal Pathogen Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis

Coincident mass extirpation of neotropical amphibians with the emergence of the infectious fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis Tina L. Chenga, Sean M. Rovitob, David B. Wakeb,c,1, and Vance T. Vredenburga,b aDepartment of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, 94132-1722; and bMuseum of Vertebrate Zoology and cDepartment of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3160 Contributed by David B. Wake, April 8, 2011 (sent for review February 26, 2011) Amphibians highlight the global biodiversity crisis because ∼40% use noninvasive sampling and molecular techniques to detect Bd of all amphibian species are currently in decline. Species have dis- in formalin-preserved specimens to investigate the role of Bd in appeared even in protected habitats (e.g., the enigmatic extinction two well-studied cases of enigmatic amphibian decline in Mes- of the golden toad, Bufo periglenes, from Costa Rica). The emer- oamerica (i): the decline and disappearance of anurans from gence of a fungal pathogen, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), Costa Rica’s Monteverde Reserve in the late 1980s (13, 14), and has been implicated in a number of declines that have occurred in (ii) the decline and disappearance of plethodontid salamanders the last decade, but few studies have been able to test retroac- from the mountains of southern Mexico and western Guatemala tively whether Bd emergence was linked to earlier declines and in the 1970s and 1980s (15). extinctions. We describe a noninvasive PCR sampling technique The sudden extinction of the golden toad (Bufo periglenes) and that detects Bd in formalin-preserved museum specimens. We de- harlequin frog (Atelopus varius) from Costa Rica’s Monteverde tected Bd by PCR in 83–90% (n = 38) of samples that were identi- Reserve in the late 1980s (13, 14) are among the earliest and ﬁed as positive by histology.
Cerrophidion Wilsoni Jadin, Townsend, Castoe, and Campbell, 2012. The

Cerrophidion wilsoni Jadin, Townsend, Castoe, and Campbell, 2012. The Honduran Montane Pitviper is a priority one species with an EVS of 15, placing it in the high vulnerability category (see this paper). This pitviper is distributed primarily in lower montane rainforest at elevations from 1,400 to 3,491 m, but can occur peripherally in premontane rainforest and pine-oak forest as low as 1,220 m (Jadin et al. 2012). As indicated by Jadin et al. (2012: 10), this snake “occurs in at least 13 isolated highland forest areas across Eastern Nuclear Central America…and all known populations…are found within the borders of Honduras and El Salvador.” This juvenile individual was found in Refugio de Vida Silvestre Texíguat, in north-central Honduras. One of the describers of this taxon is the dedicatee of this paper, and the snake was named in honor of one of the authors. Photo by Josiah H. Townsend. Amphib. Reptile Conserv. 1 January 2019 | Volume 13 | Number 1 | e168 DEDICATION We are happy to dedicate this paper to our friend and Josiah H. Townsend. 2018. An integrative assessment colleague, Josiah H. Townsend, Associate Professor of of the taxonomic status of putative hybrid leopard frogs Biology at Indiana University of Pennsylvania, in Indiana, (Anura: Ranidae) from the Chortís Highlands of Central Pennsylvania. Over the last two decades, since he was America, with description of a new species. Systematics a student in one of Larry Wilson’s classes, Joe has built and Biodiversity 2018: 1–17. This paper is an example an imposing reputation as the principal authority on the of the seminal work being conducted by Joe Townsend herpetofauna of the biogeographically significant Chortís and his colleagues, which is exposing the underestimated Highlands of northern Central America.
Macroevolution of Microhabitat, Climate, and Morphology in Lungless Salamanders (Family: Plethodontidae)

Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Graduate Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2020 Macroevolution of microhabitat, climate, and morphology in lungless salamanders (Family: Plethodontidae). Erica Karin Baken Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd Recommended Citation Baken, Erica Karin, "Macroevolution of microhabitat, climate, and morphology in lungless salamanders (Family: Plethodontidae)." (2020). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 17970. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/17970 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Macroevolution of microhabitat, climate, and morphology in lungless salamanders (Family: Plethodontidae). by Erica Karin Baken A dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Program of Study Committee: Dean Adams, Major Professor Jeanne Serb Nicole Valenzuela Tracy Heath Gregory Courtney Philip Dixon The student author, whose presentation of the scholarship herein was approved by the program of study committee, is solely responsible for the content of this dissertation. The Graduate College will ensure this dissertation is globally accessible and will not permit alterations after a degree is conferred. Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2020 Copyright © Erica Karin Baken, 2020. All rights reserved. ii DEDICATION I would like to dedicate this dissertation to my parents, Michael Schock and Leslie Baken.
Brayan H. Morera-Chacón1 Víctor J. Acosta-Chaves2 Abstract Resumen

Universidad de Costa Rica - Sede de Occidente Revista Pensamiento Actual - Vol 19 - No. 33 2019 ISSN Impreso: 1409-0112 ISSN Electrónico 2215-3586 Período Diciembre 2019 - Mayo 2020 Ciencias Naturales 190. - 204. DOI 10.15517/pa.v19I33.39637 Brayan H. Morera-Chacón - Víctor J. Acosta-Chaves 190 Amphibians from the cloud forest of El Silencio de Los Ángeles, San Ramón de Alajuela, Costa Rica Anfibios del bosque nuboso de El Silencio de Los Ángeles, San Ramón de Alajuela, Costa Rica Brayan H. Morera-Chacón1 Víctor J. Acosta-Chaves2 Fecha de recepción: 4-1-2019 Fecha de aprobación: 14-10-2019 Abstract We present the list of amphibians for the El Silencio de Los Ángeles Cloud Forest (Villa Blanca Hotel and Reserve) in San Ra- món de Alajuela, Costa Rica, Central America. We performed nocturnal visual and acoustic surveys in the trail system, mainly from 2013 to 2014. We also received data from the local guides up to 2019. We compared the similarity of amphibian richness of our site against other premontane reserves in Costa Rica with a cluster analysis (Jaccard index, single linkage). We recorded 27 species distributed in 17 genera, nine families and three orders. Notrotiton gamezi was the only threatened species detected. The El Silencio de los Ángeles Cloud Forest site is around 80 % similar to the San Lorencito River Station and 55% to Nectandra Reserve. Containing 12% of the Costa Rica’s amphibian richness, this premontane woodland should be considered among the most important clouded forest in Central Costa Rica for amphibian conservation. Key Words: Biological inventory, Central American Herpetofauna, citizen science, herping, Neotropical region, Nototriton gamezi.
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Bulletin 194

MsSSSi^v SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Bulletin 194 AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST AND KEY TO THE AMPHIBIA OF MEXICO By HOBART M. SMITH and EDWARD H. TAYLOR UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1948 D, For sale by the Superintendeat of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, C Price SO cents ADVERTISEMENT The scientific publications of the National Museum include two series, known, respectively, as Proceedings and Bulletin. The Proceedings series, begun in 1878, is intended primarily as a medium for the publication of original papers, based on the collections of the National Museum, that set forth newly acquired facts in biology, anthropology, and geology, with descriptions of new forms and revisions of limited groups. Copies of each paper, in pamphlet form, are distributed as published to libraries and scientific organiza- tions and to specialists and others interested m the different subjects. The dates at which these separate papers are published are recorded in the table of contents of each of the volumes. The series of Bulletins, the first of which was issued in 1875, contains separate publications comprising monographs of large zoological groups and other general systematic treatises (occasionally in several vol- umes), faunal works, reports of expeditions, catalogs of type specimens, special collections, and other material of similar nature. The majority of the volumes are octavo in size, but a quarto size has been adopted in a few instances in which large plates were regarded as indispensable. In the Bulletin series appear volumes under the heading Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, in octavo form, published by the National Museum since 1902, which contain papers relating to the botanical collections of the Museum, The present work forms No.
Tropicalis Dentition

The Developmental Basis of Variation in Tooth and Jaw Patterning: Evolved Differences in the Silurana (Xenopus) tropicalis Dentition By Theresa Marie Grieco A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Integrative Biology in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Leslea J. Hlusko, Chair Professor Marvalee H. Wake Professor Anthony D. Barnosky Professor Craig T. Miller Fall 2013 The Developmental Basis of Variation in Tooth and Jaw Patterning: Evolved Differences in the Silurana (Xenopus) tropicalis Dentition Copyright © 2013 by Theresa Marie Grieco Abstract The Developmental Basis of Variation in Tooth and Jaw Patterning: Evolved Differences in the Silurana (Xenopus) tropicalis Dentition by Theresa Marie Grieco Doctor of Philosophy in Integrative Biology University of California, Berkeley Professor Leslea Hlusko, Chair Perhaps the most evident conversion of genomic information into functional, morphological phenotypes in an animal occurs during organogenesis, and the study of vertebrate tooth development provides a phenotypically diverse system for which the mechanisms for patterning and morphogenesis have been extensively studied. An understanding of the developmental basis for evolved differences between teeth in different anatomical and phylogenetic contexts brings complementary information to our knowledge of odontogenic mechanisms. Examining difference, or variation, allows for the validation of hypothesized developmental mechanisms, identification of mechanistic flexibility that could be available to evolution or bioengineering, and the redefinition of phenotypes to better align with the natural biological variation available. This dissertation examines the development of the dentition in the frog and emerging developmental model Silurana (Xenopus) tropicalis, including the first gene expression data for odontogenesis in any amphibian.