HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT RECORD

CUMBRIA

Summary of Sources

The HER covers the whole of the rural county excluding the area under the administration of the Lake District National Park Authority. The county is endowed with copper, lead, zinc, iron, coal and a wide range of stone including sandstone, limestone and slate, which have all supported industries in the past. The HER has made good use of the 1st and 2nd edition 6-inch and 25-inch OS maps as a source of information and a high count of extractive site records have resulted. Most quarries are lifted from old OS maps though information for a few is supplemented by pipeline watching briefs, rapid surveys etc.

One of the most lucrative sources of information for the iron and coal industries in Cumbria appears to be Louise Martin’s 1996 BSc dissertation Industrial Archaeology of the Iron Industry in the Low Furness Area.

A handful of relevant publications can be found online at the and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society site, Cumbria Past http://cwaas.org.uk/cgi-bin/site/main.pl?action=transactions

See also online (mostly historical) resources at Durham Mining Museum: http://www.dmm.org.uk/misc/biblio.htm

Abreviations ASUD – Archaeological Services University Durham HA – Headland Archaeology LUAU – Lancaster University Archaeological Unit NPAL – North Pennines Archaeology Ltd NPHT - North Pennines Heritage Trust CC – Cranstone Consultants CCC – CEGS - Cumbria Environmental and Geological Services OAN – Oxford Archaeology North NAA – Northern Archaeology Associates WYAS – West Yorkshire Archaeological Service

COAL Anon 1997a Parton, near Whitehaven, Cumbria: archaeological evaluation summary. (LUAU – unpub report) Anon 1997b Parton Environmental Improvements, Cumbria: archaeological evaluation report. (LUAU – unpub report) Anon 1996 Trial Trenching Report. (CEGS – unpub trial trenching rep) [Kidburngill Opencast Coal Site] Anon 1998 Archaeological Evaluation and Survey Report Kidburngill. (LUAU –unpub report) [Kidburngill Opencast Coal Site] Anon 1998 Arch Survey and Evaluation (Keekle Head). (LUAU – unpub report, Keekle Head Open Cast Coal Site) Anon 1999 Excavations at Parton Colliery, Cumbria: publication report. (LUAU – unpub report) Anon 2001 An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Walk Over survey of RNAD Broughton Moor, Cumbria. (HA – unpub report) Anon 2004 A595 Parton to Lillyhall Improvement. (OAN – unpub report) Anon 2005 Report on archaeological investigations along Lord Carlisle's Railway, Midgeholme to Tindale Section, Cumbria. (NPAL – unpub report) Blythe, K 2009 West Lakes Academy, Wyndham School, Egremont, Cumbria: archaeological desk-based assessment. (OAN – unpub report) Bradley, J & Storey, M 2009 Camerton UID, Camerton, Cumbria: historic research and archaeological watching brief. (OAN unpub report) Brooks, G 2003 Report for an archaeological landscape survey of Bruthwaite Forest, Hallbankgate (North Pennines Heritage Trust – unpub report) [Rowntree, Croglin, Foxpit mines] Brooks, G 2004 Survey of the industrial archaeological remains of Upper Geltsdale, Site GD 17. Clare, T 1979 Report on Old Pay House,West Strands. (CCCSMR – unpub report) Claydon, M 2006 Broughton Lodge, Broughton Moor, Cumbria: archaeological desk-based assessment and walkover survey. (ASUD - unpub report) Davies-Shiel, M 1977 Industrial Archaeology of the Lake Counties. Fletcher, I 1877 Archaeology of the West Cumbrian Coal Trade. Kendall Fraser, R 2006 Micklam Leisure Park, Lowca, Cumbria: archaeological desk-based assessment. (NAA – unpub report) Gale, D 1989 Standing Stone Pit, Broughton Moor: Archive Report on excavations.. Hopkins, B 2005 Extensive Urban Survey: an archaeological assessment and strategy for Aspatria. (CCC – unpub report) Jackson, H & M 1969 A History of 78 AD – 1900. Jackson, D 2008 Archaeological Watching Brief at Saltom Pit, Whitehaven, Cumbria. (NPAL unpub report) Martin, L 1996 Industrial Archaeology of the Iron Industry in the Low Furness Area. (unpub BSc dissertation – university unsecified) McPhillips, S 2003 Ennerdale to Crummock Link Main: rapid identification walkover survey. (OAN – unpub report) Mounsey, K 2008 Archaeological Watching Brief at Haig Colliery, Whitehaven, Cumbria. (NPAL unpub report) Moore, R W (nd) A History of Cumberland Coal Mining. Richardson, J1800 Furness Past & Present. Thomas, A & B 1986 History of Brayton Domain Collieries. Wild, C 2000 Saltom Pit, Whitehaven: archaeological fabric survey. (LUAU – unpub report) Wright, J 1996 Drigg Characterisation Boreholes, Cumbria: archaeological assessment. (LUAU – unpub report)

See also online (mostly historical) resources at Durham Mining Museum: http://www.dmm.org.uk/misc/biblio.htm

OTHER – iron, limestone, quarries Ainsworths, S & Hunt, A 2006-07 ‘A fluid landscape: lead mining and river systems in the North Pennines’ English Heritage Research News, 5, 38-9. Anon 2001 An Archaeological Desk Based Assessment and Walkover survey of Land Surrounding Tendley Hill Quarry, Eaglesfield, Cumbria. (HA – unpub report) [limestone] Anon 2001 An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment and Walk Over survey of RNAD Broughton Moor, Cumbria. (HA – unpub report) Aspen, D 2008 Hanson Low Gelt Quarry: archaeological desk-based assessment. (Scott Wilson - unpub report) [Roman Quarry] Anon 2003 Hartley Fold Estate Survey, Cumbria: archaeological survey report. (OAN unpub report) [lead mines and other bits & pieces] Anon 2003 Tindale Zinc Spelter Works: archaeological assessment. (Egerton Lea Consultancy Ltd – unpub report) Anon 2004 Little Asby Scar and Sunbiggin Tarn Common, Eden District, Cumbria: archaeological survey. (OAN – unpub report) [Potts Valley copper mine] Anon 2004 Hardedge Water Supplies Proposed Pipeline: walkover survey and watching brief. (OAN unpub report) Anon 2004 Roan Edge Quarry, New Hutton. (OAN – unpub report) Anon 2006 Barrow Slag Bank, Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria: documentary research and photographic survey. (OAN - unpub report) Bainbridge, J W 1940 Survey of Iron Ore Resources of W Cumbria. (unpub thesis) [more information required] Bowden, M (ed) 2000 Furness Iron. Swindon: English Heritage Brooks, G 2004 A Survey of the Industrial Archaeological Remains of Upper Geltsdale. [bell pits] (unbub – report) Bullock, V & Taylor, K 2008 Land to the Rear of Marton Hall and Glebe Farm, Moor Road, Marton, Cumbria: archaeological desk-based assessment and standing building assessment. (OAN – unpub report) [Lindal Moor Iron Mines] Cracknell, P 2008 The Report on an Archaeological Desk-based Assessment at Blencowe Quarry, Newbiggin, Penrith, Cumbria. (unpubl report) [quarry and limeworks] Cranstone, D 1988 Early Mining in the North Pennines: A Gazetteer. Cranstone, D 2006 Solway Salt Project, 2005-6: report and site assessments. (CC unpub report, 40) Fell, A 1906 Early Iron Industry in Furness. [monograph] Kneale, J 1971 Map showing mines of which evidence still exists. (unpub thesis) [more information required] Pollingon, M 2006 Shap Blue Quarry, Shap, Cumbria: archaeological desk-based assessment. (WYAS – unpub report) Stafford, M 2008 Furness College, Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria: archaeological desk-based assessment. (WA Fairhurst & Partners, unpub report)