Critical Rhetoric in the Age of Neuroscience Brett Ni Gram University of Massachusetts Amherst, [email protected]

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Critical Rhetoric in the Age of Neuroscience Brett Ni Gram University of Massachusetts Amherst, Bdingram@Comm.Umass.Edu View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Open Access Dissertations 2-2013 Critical Rhetoric in the Age of Neuroscience Brett nI gram University of Massachusetts Amherst, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations Part of the Communication Commons Recommended Citation Ingram, Brett, "Critical Rhetoric in the Age of Neuroscience" (2013). Open Access Dissertations. 690. https://doi.org/10.7275/181e-7p15 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations/690 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ! Critical Rhetoric in the Age of Neuroscience A Dissertation Presented by BRETT INGRAM Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY February 2013 Communication ! ! ! ! © Copyright by Brett Ingram 2013 All Rights Reserved ! ! ! Critical Rhetoric in the Age of Neuroscience A Dissertation Presented by BRETT INGRAM Approved as to style and content by: __________________________________________ Stephen Olbrys Gencarella, Chair __________________________________________ Briankle Chang, Member __________________________________________ Randall Knoper, Member _______________________________________ Lisa Henderson, Department Head Communication ! ! DEDICATION To my son, Jules ! ! ! ! ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Stephen Gencarella, who in addition to serving as my dissertation advisor has also played the roles of mentor, editor, therapist, comic foil, would-be assailant, big brother, and best friend, often in the course of a single evening. He and his family Winnie, Marcella, Sal, Gina, and Tony have become part of my own family. Profound thanks must also go to my parents, Daniel and Deborah, who provided much- needed emotional and financial support over the course of my graduate odyssey. I am proud and humbled to become the second Doctor Ingram. I would also like to extend my gratitude to the members of my committee, Randall Knoper and Briankle Chang, whose writing and teaching were inspirational. Without their insights and generative questions, this project would never have come to be. Additionally, I want to thank my friend Viveca Greene, who helped me jumpstart the writing process whenever it stalled. Finally, I thank Carmen, my loving partner and the mother of my forthcoming son, Jules. ! ! ! "! ! ! ABSTRACT CRITICAL RHETORIC IN THE AGE OF NEUROSCIENCE FEBRUARY 2013 BRETT INGRAM, B.A., SHIPPENSBURG UNIVERSITY M.A., NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY Ph.D., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST Directed by: Professor Stephen Olbrys Gencarella Although there has been an outpouring of scholarship on the “rhetorical body” in the last two decades, nearly all analyzes and critiques discourses about the body. Very little work in contemporary rhetorical studies addresses the ways in which rhetoric affects and alters the central nervous system, and thereby exerts influence at a level of subjective experience prior to cognitive and linguistic apprehension. Recent neuroscientific research into affect, identity, and decision-making echoes many of the claims made by ancient rhetoricians: namely, that rhetorical activity is corporeally transformative, and that the material transformations wrought by rhetoric have profound implications for subjects’ capacity to engage in critical thought and agential judgment. This study demonstrates that emotional political rhetoric is physiologically addictive, that the brain and body can make decisions independently of the will of the thinking subject, and that symbolic violence can physically reconfigure the neural networks that make critical cognition possible. As public culture and discourse becomes increasingly imagistic, non-rational, and emotionally charged, critics must develop theoretical resources capable of recognizing and responding to new varieties of constitutive phenomena. Neuroscience can ! "#! ! supplement traditional rhetorical criticism by offering insight into the physiological processes by which destructive ideas become self-sustaining, and it can help critics devise more sophisticated rhetorical approaches to the task of promoting social healing. To advance this conversation, this dissertation outlines a critical neurorhetorical theory that is attuned to the Sophistic and Burkean rhetorical tradition, informed by contemporary neuroscience, and responsive to the unique cultural and social conditions of the 21 st century. ! ! "##! ! TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS...................................................................................................v ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................vi CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................1 2. CRITICAL METHODOLOGY.............................................................................16 3. LITERATURE REVIEW......................................................................................23 4. POLITICAL JUNKIES: AFFECTIVE POLITICS AND ADDICTIVE RHETORIC............................................................................................................55 Affect and the Brain...............................................................................................59 Addictive Politics...................................................................................................66 The Drugs of Rhetoric...........................................................................................71 Burke on Addiction and Belief..............................................................................79 Rhetorical Recovery...............................................................................................84 5. VITAL SIGNS: CONSUBSTANTIALITY AND CORPOREAL RHETORIC 101 Agential Possession.............................................................................................105 The Internal Audience..........................................................................................112 New Vitalism and Critical Rhetoric.....................................................................124 6. AN UNCRITICAL CONDITION: RHETORICAL VIOLENCE AND “BRAIN TRAUMA”..........................................................................................................133 Symbolicity and Violence....................................................................................139 The Neuronal Subject..........................................................................................152 The Politics of Rhetorical Violence.....................................................................162 ! ! 7. OUTLINE FOR A CRITICAL NEURORHETORIC.........................................179 WORKS CITED..............................................................................................................189 !! ! ! CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION “Yes, we have a soul, but it is made up of many tiny robots”—Giulio Giorello, philosopher and neuroscientist In the last twenty years, several prominent rhetorical critics have argued for a more expansive role for the corporeal body and embodied experience in rhetorical theory, and others have made the case that rhetoric is best conceived as a mediatory art that synthesizes the symbolic and the material. 1 Yet with few exceptions, rhetoricians have thus far overlooked the brain as a site where the material and the symbolic intersect, despite an explosion of interest in the brain in other disciplines in the humanities. 2 Rhetorical scholars’ reticence on matters of the neurological is perhaps understandable. Given the field’s long colonization by departments of English and Communication, its struggle to define its borders and establish its disciplinary independence might be endangered if it was shown that rhetorical principles could be reduced to neurobiological functions. However, as Leslie Thiele notes in The Heart of Judgment: Practical Wisdom, Narrative, and Neuroscience , recent neuroscientific studies of the brain “do not lead in !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 1 Proponents of corporeal rhetoric include McKerrow (1998), Selzer and Crowley (1999), Condit (2000), Deluca and Harold (2005), Hawhee (2009). For theoretical work that emphasizes rhetoric as mediation between body and environment, see McGee (1982), Engnell (1998), Crable (2003), Gunn (2004). 2 Rhetorical scholars who have addressed the brain include Gregg (1984), Walker (1990), Arthos (2000), Pruchnic (2008). Scholars from other fields in the humanities who have written extensively about the brain include Daniel Lord Smail (History), Leslie Thiele (Political Studies), Elizabeth Wilson (Gender Studies), Daniel Dennett (Philosophy), John Searle (Philosophy), Catherine Malabou (Philosophy), Elizabeth Grosz (Philosophy), Mark Turner (Literary Studies), Barbara Herrnstein Smith (Cultural Studies), William E. Connolly (Cultural Studies), Denis Dutton (Art Theory). ! $! ! the direction of biological determinism or crass reductionism. Rather,
Recommended publications
  • The Creation of Neuroscience
    The Creation of Neuroscience The Society for Neuroscience and the Quest for Disciplinary Unity 1969-1995 Introduction rom the molecular biology of a single neuron to the breathtakingly complex circuitry of the entire human nervous system, our understanding of the brain and how it works has undergone radical F changes over the past century. These advances have brought us tantalizingly closer to genu- inely mechanistic and scientifically rigorous explanations of how the brain’s roughly 100 billion neurons, interacting through trillions of synaptic connections, function both as single units and as larger ensem- bles. The professional field of neuroscience, in keeping pace with these important scientific develop- ments, has dramatically reshaped the organization of biological sciences across the globe over the last 50 years. Much like physics during its dominant era in the 1950s and 1960s, neuroscience has become the leading scientific discipline with regard to funding, numbers of scientists, and numbers of trainees. Furthermore, neuroscience as fact, explanation, and myth has just as dramatically redrawn our cultural landscape and redefined how Western popular culture understands who we are as individuals. In the 1950s, especially in the United States, Freud and his successors stood at the center of all cultural expla- nations for psychological suffering. In the new millennium, we perceive such suffering as erupting no longer from a repressed unconscious but, instead, from a pathophysiology rooted in and caused by brain abnormalities and dysfunctions. Indeed, the normal as well as the pathological have become thoroughly neurobiological in the last several decades. In the process, entirely new vistas have opened up in fields ranging from neuroeconomics and neurophilosophy to consumer products, as exemplified by an entire line of soft drinks advertised as offering “neuro” benefits.
    [Show full text]
  • BRAIN Neuroethics Working Group Meeting
    Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies® (BRAIN) Neuroethics Working Group (NEWG) Meeting January 26th, 2021 On January 26th, 2021, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies® (BRAIN) Initiative Neuroethics Working Group (NEWG) met virtually to discuss emerging ethics themes in the BRAIN portfolio and potential future workshop topics, and revisited neuroethics themes in the BRAIN 2.0 reports. In opening remarks, John Ngai, PhD, Director of the NIH BRAIN Initiative, emphasized the importance of continuing to work towards equity, in general and in the neuroethics space. He also reminded participants of the joint session with the Multi-Council Working Group (MCWG) and NEWG, which took place the following day. Next, Saskia Hendriks, MD, PhD, Faculty in the NIH Bioethics Department and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) Neuroethics Consultant, presented key findings from an analysis on emerging neuroethical considerations in BRAIN grants awarded during fiscal year 2020. Dr. Hendriks summarized 12 themes identified by the analysis, which fell into two broad groups of potential ethical challenges: conducting research ethically; and the implications of research, tools, and technologies on individuals, groups, and society. The NEWG valued these findings, recognizing that the themes were consistent with concurrent discussions of neuroethics priorities for BRAIN. Participants also considered increasing funding opportunity outreach efforts to neuroscientists interested in partnering with neuroethicists. Further, the group acknowledged the need to raise awareness about the value of integrating neuroethics into neuroscience research, potentially by hosting a workshop on identifying ways to facilitate this integration. Henry (Hank) T. Greely, JD, Director of Law and Biosciences at Stanford University and co-chair of the NEWG, led a discussion on potential future NEWG workshop topics for the next phase of the NIH BRAIN Initiative.
    [Show full text]
  • Neuropathology of Dementia in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: a Systematic Review of Autopsy Studies
    Neurodegeneration J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry: first published as 10.1136/jnnp-2019-321111 on 23 August 2019. Downloaded from REVIEW Neuropathology of dementia in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review of autopsy studies Callum Smith ,1 Naveed Malek,2 Katherine Grosset,1 Breda Cullen ,3 Steve Gentleman,4 Donald G Grosset1 ► Additional material is ABSTRact have other causes of cognitive impairment and published online only. To view Background Dementia is a common, debilitating dementia, such as comorbid Alzheimer’s disease please visit the journal online (http:// dx. doi. org/ 10. 1136/ feature of late Parkinson’s disease (PD). PD dementia (AD) or cerebrovascular disease. These pathologies jnnp- 2019- 321111). (PDD) is associated with α-synuclein propagation, but may be difficult to identify in vivo, as the clinical coexistent Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology may features often overlap with those of PDD, and there 1 Department of Neurology, coexist. Other pathologies (cerebrovascular, transactive are no definitive biomarkers. The differentiation Institute of Neurosciences, response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43)) may of dementia type is an important consideration in Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK also influence cognition.W e aimed to describe the clinical research, as treatments under development 2Department of Neurology, neuropathology underlying dementia in PD. are specifically targeted against abnormal accumu- Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, Methods Systematic review of autopsy studies lation of α-synuclein, which is the pathological Ipswich, UK 3 3 published in English involving PD cases with dementia. hallmark of PDD and DLB, or tau or amyloid-β, Institute of Health and 4 5 Wellbeing, College of Medical, Comparison groups included PD without dementia, AD, which underlie AD.
    [Show full text]
  • Obama Administration Proposes Over $434 Million in Funding for the BRAIN Initiative
    Obama Administration Proposes Over $434 Million in Funding for the BRAIN Initiative “Last year, I launched the BRAIN Initiative to help unlock the mysteries of the brain, to improve our treatment of conditions like Alzheimer’s and autism and to deepen our understanding of how we think, learn and remember. I’m pleased to announce new steps that my Administration is taking to support this critical research, and I’m heartened to see so many private, philanthropic, and academic institutions joining this effort.” - President Barack Obama September 2014 Since its launch in April 2013, the President’s BRAIN Initiative® - Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies – has grown to include investments from five Federal agencies: the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the National Science Foundation (NSF), Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA), and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Federal agencies are supporting the initiative by investing in promising research projects aimed at revolutionizing our understanding of the human brain, developing novel technologies, and supporting further research and development in neurotechnology. The President’s 2017 Budget also proposes funding for the Department of Energy (DOE) to join DARPA, NIH, NSF, IARPA, and FDA in advancing the goals of the BRAIN Initiative. Major foundations, private research institutions, and companies including the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Allen Institute for Brain Science, the Kavli Foundation, the Simons Foundation, GE, GlaxoSmithKline, as well as patient advocacy organizations and universities, have committed over $500 million to the BRAIN Initiative. There are many opportunities for others across sectors to play a role in this historic initiative through new and expanded commitments to advance the BRAIN Initiative.
    [Show full text]
  • One Page BRAIN Initiative Overview 2018
    ® The BRAIN Initiative Over the past 25 years, the burden of At a glance... neurological disorders has increased sub- stantially. This increase, combined with the Launched in 2013, the NIH BRAIN Initia- growing burden of mental and substance tive is revealing how the brain works, by use disorders, reinforces the need for new developing and applying tools to precise- ways to intervene and deepen our ly map and observe brain circuits. st knowledge of the brain. The 21 Century Cures Act provides NIH Not enough is known about the billions of BRAIN Initiative funding through 2026. brain cells—that communicate via trillions NIH has invested over $950 million in the of synapses to make up the circuitry—that BRAIN Initiative, supporting over 550 enable us to perceive, think, feel, and act. new awards. The Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN)® Ten NIH Institutes and Centers partici- Initiativewww.braininitiative.org ( ) sup- pate in the NIH BRAIN Initiative. ports research to develop and use extra- The BRAIN Initiative Alliance communi- ordinary new technologies that will revolu- cates BRAIN Initiative activities of Federal tionize our understanding of the brain. agencies and private organizations. 12-Year Scientific Vision • Seven priority areas outline the Initiative: • The BRAIN Multi-Council Working Group (MCWG) helps NIH to track the Initiative and assists with Discovering diversity: Identify different brain informing Advisory Councils of the Institutes and cell types and determine their roles in health Centers that contribute to the NIH BRAIN Initiative. and disease. • The BRAIN Neuroethics Working Group (NEWG) Maps at multiple scales: Generate circuit considers ethical implications arising from the diagrams that vary in resolution from synapses development and use of BRAIN neurotechnologies to the whole brain.
    [Show full text]
  • UNDERSTANDING the BRAIN (Utb) $143,930,000 +$37,490,000 / 35.2%
    UNDERSTANDING THE BRAIN (UtB) $143,930,000 +$37,490,000 / 35.2% Overview Understanding the Brain (UtB) is a multi-year effort that continues the previously titled “Cognitive Science and Neuroscience” activity and that includes NSF’s participation in the Administration’s Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative. For over three decades, NSF has supported fundamental brain research from molecules to cognition and behavior, and enabled technology development, through many disciplinary programs spread across the Foundation. In 2012, Congress encouraged NSF to create a cross-foundation activity in Cognitive Science and Neuroscience, and also encouraged the White House to form an Interagency Working Group on Neuroscience (IWGN) under the National Science and Technology Council, which is co-chaired by NSF. In FY 2013, the President announced the multi-agency BRAIN Initiative, with NSF as one of the lead participating agencies. The Understanding the Brain activity draws together and consolidates NSF’s ongoing activities in Cognitive Science and Neuroscience and the BRAIN Initiative. With UtB, NSF aims to leverage its existing investments and foster greater collaboration among these research and technology disciplines to accelerate fundamental discoveries in neuroscience, cognitive science, and neuroengineering. Understanding the brain is one of the grand scientific challenges at the intersection of the physical, life, behavioral, and engineering sciences. The National Research Council report, “Research at the Intersection of the Physical and Life Sciences” (2010), identified “Understanding the Brain” as one of the top five grand challenges for research that will significantly benefit society. The National Academy of Engineering has also recognized “Reverse-Engineering the Brain” as a Grand Challenge for Engineering (2008).
    [Show full text]
  • Constructing the Self, Constructing America: a Cultural History of Psychotherapy Pdf
    FREE CONSTRUCTING THE SELF, CONSTRUCTING AMERICA: A CULTURAL HISTORY OF PSYCHOTHERAPY PDF Philip Cushman | 448 pages | 30 Sep 1996 | The Perseus Books Group | 9780201441925 | English | Cambridge, MA, United States Constructing The Self, Constructing America: A Cultural History Of Psychotherapy by Philip Cushman Rhetoric of therapy is a concept coined by American academic Dana L. Cloud to describe "a set of political and cultural discourses that have adopted psychotherapy's lexicon—the conservative language of healing, coping, adaptation, and restoration of previously existing order—but in contexts of social and political conflict". Constructing the Self argued that the rhetoric of therapy encourages people to focus on themselves and their private lives rather than attempt to reform flawed systems of social and political power. This form of persuasion is primarily used by politicians, managers, journalists and entertainers as a way to cope with the crisis of the American Dream. The rhetoric of therapy has two functions, according to Cloud: 1 to exhort conformity with the prevailing social order and 2 to encourage identification Constructing the Self therapeutic values: individualismfamilism, self-helpand self- absorption. The origins of therapeutic discourse, along with advertising and other consumerist cultural forms, emerged during the industrialization of the West during the 18th century. The new emphasis on the acquisition of wealth during this period produced discourse about the "democratic self- determination of individuals conceived as autonomous, self-expressive, self-reliant subjects" or, in short, the " self-made man ". Therefore, the language of personal responsibility, adaptation, and healing served not to liberate the working class, the poor, and the socially marginalized, but to persuade members of these classes that they are individually responsible for their plight.
    [Show full text]
  • Certificate for Approving the Dissertation
    MIAMI UNIVERSITY The Graduate School Certificate for Approving the Dissertation We hereby approve the Dissertation of Kevin J. Rutherford Candidate for the Degree: Doctor of Philosophy Director (Jason Palmeri) Reader (Michele Simmons) Reader (Heidi McKee) Reader (Kate Ronald) Graduate School Representative (Bo Brinkman) ABSTRACT PACK YOUR THINGS AND GO: BRINGING OBJECTS TO THE FORE IN RHETORIC AND COMPOSITION by Kevin J. Rutherford This dissertation project focuses on object-oriented rhetoric (OOR), a perspective that questions the traditional notions of rhetorical action as solely a human province. The project makes three major, interrelated claims: that OOR provides a unique and productive methodology to examine the inclusion of the non-human in rhetorical study; that to some extent, rhetoric has always been interested in the way nonhuman objects interact with humans; and that these claims have profound implications for our activities as teachers and scholars. Chapter one situates OOR within current scholarship in composition and rhetoric, arguing that it can serve as a useful methodology for the field despite rhetoric’s traditional focus on epistemology and human symbolic action. Chapter two examines rhetorical history to demonstrate that a view of rhetoric that includes nonhuman actors is not new, but has often been marginalized. Chapter three examines two videogames as sites of theory and practice for object-oriented rhetoric, specifically focusing on a sense of metaphor to understand the experience of nonhuman rhetors. Chapter four interrogates the network surrounding a review aggregation website to argue that, while some nonhumans may be unhelpful rhetorical collaborators, OOR can assist us in improving relationships with them.
    [Show full text]
  • Internet Resources for Neurosurgeons and Neuropathologists S Thomson, N Phillips
    154 J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry: first published as 10.1136/jnnp.74.2.154 on 1 February 2003. Downloaded from REVIEW Internet resources for neurosurgeons and neuropathologists S Thomson, N Phillips ............................................................................................................................. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003;74:154–157 Neurosurgical and neuropathological resources on the Neurosurgery://On-call has an “image bank” internet are rapidly developing. Some excellent clinical, section, which has an excellent downloadable collection of radiographs. There are also some patient information, professional, academic, and photographic images. This is a rapidly developing teaching web sites are available. This review database, easy to search, and likely to have images summarises the most useful online sites for relevant to most neurosurgical and neuropatho- logical conditions. neurosurgeons and neuropathologists in the United Neuroanatomy and Neuropathology on the Kingdom and beyond. More general internet resources Internet provides a very comprehensive collection of pathological images within the online neu- have been covered in the first article in this series. ropathology atlas. The neuroanatomy structures .......................................................................... subsection shows the locations of anatomical structures within normal pathological specimens. ver the past 10 years the internet has The functional neuroanatomy tables are also expanded rapidly. While potential ben- highly
    [Show full text]
  • Case Study Report BRAIN INITIATIVE
    Mission-oriented R&I policies: In-depth case studies Case Study Report BRAIN INITIATIVE (US) Eva Arrilucea, Hanna Kuittinen February 2018 Case Study Report: Brain Initiative (United States) European Commission Directorate-General for Research and Innovation Directorate A — Policy Development and Coordination Unit A.6 — Open Data Policy and Science Cloud Contact Arnold Weiszenbacher E-mail [email protected] [email protected] European Commission B-1049 Brussels Manuscript completed in February 2018. This document has been prepared for the European Commission however it reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. More information on the European Union is available on the internet (http://europa.eu). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2017 PDF ISBN 978-92-79-80162-4 doi:10.2777/1986 KI-01-18-153-EN-N © European Union, 2018. Reuse is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. The reuse policy of European Commission documents is regulated by Decision 2011/833/EU (OJ L 330, 14.12.2011, p. 39). For any use or reproduction of photos or other material that is not under the EU copyright, permission must be sought directly from the copyright holders. Brain Initiative 2 EUROPEAN COMMISSION Mission-oriented R&I policies: In-depth case studies Case Study Report Brain Initiative (United States) Eva Arrilucea Hanna Kuittinen A Study coordinated by the Joint Institute for Innovation Policy February 2018 Directorate-General for Research and Innovation Table of Contents 1 Summary of the case study ..................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Rhetoric in Dialectical Behavior Therapy: Healing Minds Through Argumentation
    Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Theses and Dissertations 2012-03-13 Rhetoric in Dialectical Behavior Therapy: Healing Minds Through Argumentation Celeste Lloyd Zsembery Brigham Young University - Provo Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd Part of the English Language and Literature Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Zsembery, Celeste Lloyd, "Rhetoric in Dialectical Behavior Therapy: Healing Minds Through Argumentation" (2012). Theses and Dissertations. 3093. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3093 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Rhetoric in Dialectical Behavior Therapy: Healing Minds Through Argumentation Celeste Zsembery A thesis submitted to the faculty of Brigham Young University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Grant Boswell, Chair Greg Clark Kristine Hansen Department of English Brigham Young University April 2012 Copyright © 2012 Celeste Zsembery All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT Rhetoric in Dialectical Behavior Therapy: Healing Minds Through Argumentation Celeste Zsembery Department of English, BYU Masters of Arts The fields of psychology and rhetoric share the goal of improving human mental health and behavior through persuasion. This thesis traces the history of rhetoric and psychology theory, focusing on the parallel theories of Nienkamp’s internal rhetoric and Herman’s dialogical self. Both theories model the human mind as having multiple psyches that actively interact to interpret human experience and project human behavior. I conclude with a case study of anorexic patients using ethos, pathos, and logos in dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), arguing that principles of rhetoric can help patients with mental disorders cognitively realign their thinking more effectively than drug treatments can.
    [Show full text]
  • Neuromuscular Medicine Core Competencies Outline
    The American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology Neuromuscular Medicine Core Competencies Outline I. Neuromuscular Patient Care Core Competencies A. GENERAL: Neuromuscular Medicine Specialists shall demonstrate the following abilities: 1. To perform and document relevant history and examination of culturally diverse patient to include as appropriate: a. Chief complaint b. History of present illness c. Past medical history d. Developmental history (especially for children) e. Comprehensive review of both neurologic and general systems f. Biological family history g. Sociocultural history h. Neurological examination and a germane general examination as appropriate to the present illness 2. Delineate appropriate differential diagnoses 3. Formulate, assess and recommend effective management B. FOR NEUROMUSCULAR MEDICINE: Based on comprehensive neurological assessments, Neuromuscular Specialists shall demonstrate the following abilities: 1. To determine: a. If a patient’s symptoms are the result of a disease affecting the central and/or peripheral nervous system or are of another origin (e.g., of a systemic, psychiatric, or psychogenic illness) by performing appropriate neuromuscular evaluation b. An initial diagnostic formulation with differential diagnosis c. Appropriate diagnostic modalities to include laboratory blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid analyses, electrodiagnostic, imaging, genetic, and pathologic investigations to evaluate and manage such patients d. Management plan 2. To develop and maintain the technical skills to: a. Perform
    [Show full text]