Flexible Pavement Design Manual
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Chapter 3 Review Questions
Chapter 3 - Learning to Drive PA Driver’s Manual CHAPTER 3 REVIEW QUESTIONS 1. TEENAGE DRIVERS ARE MORE LIKELY TO BE INVOLVED IN A CRASH WHEN: A. They are driving with their pet as a passenger B. They are driving with adult passengers C. They are driving with teenage passengers D. They are driving without any passengers 2. DRIVERS WHO EAT AND DRINK WHILE DRIVING: A. Have no driving errors B. Have trouble driving slow C. Are better drivers because they are not hungry D. Have trouble controlling their vehicles 3. PREPARING TO SMOKE AND SMOKING WHILE DRIVING: A. Do not affect driving abilities B. Help maintain driver alertness C. Are distracting activities D. Are not distracting activities 4. THE TOP MAJOR CRASH TYPE FOR 16 YEAR OLD DRIVERS IN PENNSYLVANIA IS: A. Single vehicle/run-off-the-road B. Being sideswiped on an interstate C. Driving in reverse on a side street D. Driving on the shoulder of a highway 5. WHEN PASSING A BICYCLIST, YOU SHOULD: A. Blast your horn to alert the bicyclist B. Move as far left as possible C. Remain in the center of the lane D. Put on your four-way flashers 6. WHEN YOU DRIVE THROUGH AN AREA WHERE CHILDREN ARE PLAYING, YOU SHOULD EXPECT THEM: A. To know when it is safe to cross B. To stop at the curb before crossing the street C. To run out in front of you without looking D. Not to cross unless they are with an adult 7. IF YOU ARE DRIVING BEHIND A MOTORCYCLE, YOU MUST: A. -
Pedestrian and Light Traffic Applications Introduction Brick Pavers Are Arranged Cost Savings That Upon the Bedding Sand in Supplement the Savings the Desired Pattern
Flexible Brick Industry Brick Paving Association Pedestrian and Light Traffic Applications Traffic Light and Pedestrian Introduction brick pavers are arranged cost savings that upon the bedding sand in supplement the savings the desired pattern. Sand afforded by the brick is then spread into the itself. In addition, spaces between the pavers replacement of pavers as jointing material. after repair of utilities beneath a flexible brick As the whole paving pavement is easily system compacts with time achieved. and use, the bricks interact with the jointing sand and base materials to achieve the unique quality of “interlock.” Interlock holds the pavers in place Brick paving has been used for thousands and distributes the load of years. The Romans laid brick in roads through the layers down crisscrossing their vast empire, some of to the subgrade, enabling which still exist. Americans have employed the surface to contribute the material since the earliest Colonial days, to the strength of the and brick pathways and sidewalks thread whole system. When through the landmark sites and properly installed, brick As an architect’s medium, historic areas across the country. interlocking pavements are brick is equally flexible. highly stable and durable. Its basic aesthetic appeal is legendary as a material Today, as many property the flexible nature of its This basic advantage begets that exudes warmth and owners and architects foundation and the action others. Because flexible elegance through the attest, brick paving is of the pavers themselves. brick paving provides permanent color of fired timeless, especially for In such flexible pavements, interlock, no rigid concrete clay or shale. -
High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Detection System Testing
High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Detection System Testing Project #: RES2016-05 Final Report Submitted to Tennessee Department of Transportation Principal Investigator (PI) Deo Chimba, PhD., P.E., PTOE. Tennessee State University Phone: 615-963-5430 Email: [email protected] Co-Principal Investigator (Co-PI) Janey Camp, PhD., P.E., GISP, CFM Vanderbilt University Phone: 615-322-6013 Email: [email protected] July 10, 2018 DISCLAIMER This research was funded through the State Research and Planning (SPR) Program by the Tennessee Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration under RES2016-05: High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Detection System Testing. This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Tennessee Department of Transportation and the United States Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The State of Tennessee and the United States Government assume no liability of its contents or use thereof. The contents of this report reflect the views of the author(s), who are solely responsible for the facts and accuracy of the material presented. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Tennessee Department of Transportation or the United States Department of Transportation. ii Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. RES2016-05 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date: March 2018 High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Detection System Testing 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Deo Chimba and Janey Camp TDOT PROJECT # RES2016-05 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering; Tennessee State University 11. -
Pavements and Surface Materials
N O N P O I N T E D U C A T I O N F O R M U N I C I P A L O F F I C I A L S TECHNICAL PAPER NUMBER 8 Pavements and Surface Materials By Jim Gibbons, UConn Extension Land Use Educator, 1999 Introduction Traffic Class Type of Road Pavements are composite materials that bear the weight of 1 Parking Lots, Driveways, Rural pedestrian and vehicular loads. Pavement thickness, width and Roads type should vary based on the intended function of the paved area. 2 Residential Streets 3 Collector Roads Pavement Thickness 4 Arterial roads 5 Freeways, Expressways, Interstates Pavement thickness is determined by four factors: environment, traffic, base characteristics and the pavement material used. Based on the above classes, pavement thickness ranges from 3" for a Class 1 parking lot, to 10" or more for Class 5 freeways. Environmental factors such as moisture and temperature significantly affect pavement. For example, as soil moisture Sub grade strength has the greatest effect in determining increases the load bearing capacity of the soil decreases and the pavement thickness. As a general rule, weaker sub grades require soil can heave and swell. Temperature also effects the load thicker asphalt layers to adequately bear different loads associated bearing capacity of pavements. When the moisture in pavement with different uses. The bearing capacity and permeability of the freezes and thaws, it creates stress leading to pavement heaving. sub grade influences total pavement thickness. There are actually The detrimental effects of moisture can be reduced or eliminated two or three separate layers or courses below the paved wearing by: keeping it from entering the pavement base, removing it before surface including: the sub grade, sub base and base. -
Understanding Intersections –– Stopping at Intersections Are Places Where a Number of Road Users Cross Intersections Paths
4 rules of the road Chapter 3, signs, signals and road markings, gave you some in this chapter information about the most common signs, signals and road markings you will see when driving. This chapter gives • Understanding you the information you’ll need to help you drive safely at intersections intersections, use lanes correctly and park legally. – signalling – types of intersections Understanding intersections – stopping at Intersections are places where a number of road users cross intersections paths. There is often a lot of activity in intersections, so it’s – right‑of‑way at important to be alert. Remember that other road users may be intersections in a hurry, and may want to move into the same space that you • Using lanes are planning on moving into. correctly – which lane Signalling should you use Signals are important — they let other traffic know what you are – lane tracking intending to do. You should signal when you’re preparing to: – turning lanes – reserved lanes • turn left or right – pulling into a • change lanes lane • park – passing – merging • move toward, or away from, the side of the road. – highway or freeway Types of intersections entrances and exits Controlled intersections – cul‑de‑sacs A controlled intersection is one that has signs or traffic lights – turning around telling you what to do. To drive safely in these intersections, you • Parking tips and need to know what the signals and signs mean, and also the rules right‑of‑way rules. But always be cautious. Other drivers may not be paying attention to the signs and signals. Uncontrolled intersections Uncontrolled intersections have no signs or traffic lights. -
PASER Manual Asphalt Roads
Pavement Surface Evaluation and Rating PASER ManualAsphalt Roads RATING 10 RATING 7 RATING 4 RATING PASERAsphalt Roads 1 Contents Transportation Pavement Surface Evaluation and Rating (PASER) Manuals Asphalt PASER Manual, 2002, 28 pp. Introduction 2 Information Center Brick and Block PASER Manual, 2001, 8 pp. Asphalt pavement distress 3 Concrete PASER Manual, 2002, 28 pp. Publications Evaluation 4 Gravel PASER Manual, 2002, 20 pp. Surface defects 4 Sealcoat PASER Manual, 2000, 16 pp. Surface deformation 5 Unimproved Roads PASER Manual, 2001, 12 pp. Cracking 7 Drainage Manual Patches and potholes 12 Local Road Assessment and Improvement, 2000, 16 pp. Rating pavement surface condition 14 SAFER Manual Rating system 15 Safety Evaluation for Roadways, 1996, 40 pp. Rating 10 & 9 – Excellent 16 Flagger’s Handbook (pocket-sized guide), 1998, 22 pp. Rating 8 – Very Good 17 Work Zone Safety, Guidelines for Construction, Maintenance, Rating 7 – Good 18 and Utility Operations, (pocket-sized guide), 1999, 55 pp. Rating 6 – Good 19 Wisconsin Transportation Bulletins Rating 5 – Fair 20 #1 Understanding and Using Asphalt Rating 4 – Fair 21 #2 How Vehicle Loads Affect Pavement Performance Rating 3 – Poor 22 #3 LCC—Life Cycle Cost Analysis Rating 2 – Very Poor 23 #4 Road Drainage Rating 1 – Failed 25 #5 Gravel Roads Practical advice on rating roads 26 #6 Using Salt and Sand for Winter Road Maintenance #7 Signing for Local Roads #8 Using Weight Limits to Protect Local Roads #9 Pavement Markings #10 Seal Coating and Other Asphalt Surface Treatments #11 Compaction Improves Pavement Performance #12 Roadway Safety and Guardrail #13 Dust Control on Unpaved Roads #14 Mailbox Safety #15 Culverts-Proper Use and Installation This manual is intended to assist local officials in understanding and #16 Geotextiles in Road Construction/Maintenance and Erosion Control rating the surface condition of asphalt pavement. -
Indiana Drivers Manual: Ch. 7
CHAPTER 7 | Safe Vehicle Operation CHAPTER SEVEN | SAFE VEHICLE OPERATION Even the most experienced drivers can be distracted while driving. A defensive driver looks out for the actions of other drivers and anticipates potential problems. LANE MARKINGS Lane markings separate traffic and alert drivers when it is permissible to pass other vehicles. Yellow Lane Markings Yellow lane markings separate multiple lanes of traffic going in opposite directions. You may cross a broken yellow line to pass another vehicle when it is safe, but you should not cross a solid yellow line except to turn. Two-lane road with a solid yellow line Two-lane road with a broken Four-lane road with a solid yellow line yellow line White Lane Markings White lane markings separate multiple lanes of traffic going in the same direction. Most roads with more than two lanes have broken white lines to separate the lanes. You may cross a broken white line when it is safe to change lanes, but you should not cross a solid white line. Three lanes of traffic with broken white lines CHANGING LANES AND PASSING OTHER VEHICLES Change only one lane at a time. When changing lanes to prepare for a turn, you must signal your intention to do so at least 200 feet prior to changing lanes or turning. Your signal distance must be at least 300 feet before the turn if you are operating a vehicle in a speed zone of at least 50 miles per hour. Do not weave in and out of lanes, which will greatly increase your risk of an accident. -
“Stone Pavements” (On Broadway in New York City, New York)
“Stone Pavements” (on Broadway in New York City, New York) In The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 1, No. 7 July 1869, pp. 194 This article, which begins on the next page, is presented on the Stone Quarries and Beyond web site. http://quarriesandbeyond.org/ Peggy B. Perazzo Email: [email protected] July 2013 “Stone Pavements” (on Broadway in New York City, New York) In The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 1, No. 7, July 1869, pp. 194 “A pavement answering all possible requirements being a total impossibility, the main consideration comes to be, the sort of travel on the road. The Romans, looking only to durability, used heavy granite or basalt blocks, and many such pavements, constructed two thousand years ago, are still in good condition, though they are not what is wanted now. Durability may, to a certain extent, be sacrificed for more desirable qualities. It was a great mistake to lay the Russ pavement in Broadway; it is nothing but an imitation of the ancient Roman streets, and heavy, uninterrupted travel makes such pavements so smooth that it is cruelty to drive a horse over them. Where the travel is not so heavy, as is the case in the streets of Rome, the atmospheric influences prevent this polishing of the surface, and the pavement is not so objectionable. The common cobble-stone pavement, when the stones are not too large, gives a better foot-hold to the horses, and is, when well laid, very durable for light travel; but as the stones all lie with the most pointed part downward, they have a tendency to sink under heavy pressure; and the points being unequal in length and differing in degree of tapering, they will sink unequally. -
Preferential Lane Use for Heavy Trucks Final Report
Preferential Lane Use for Heavy Trucks Final report PRC 15-39 F Preferential Lane Use for Heavy Trucks Texas A&M Transportation Institute PRC 15-39 F July 2016 Author Susan T. Chrysler, Ph.D. 2 Table of Contents List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ 4 List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. 4 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................... 5 Benefits of Managed Lanes ......................................................................................................... 5 Introduction and Background ..................................................................................................... 8 Current Practice in Truck Access to Managed Lanes ............................................................. 11 Facilities Where Trucks Are Allowed ....................................................................................... 13 Minneapolis–St. Paul ................................................................................................................ 13 Fort Lauderdale ......................................................................................................................... 14 Houston .................................................................................................................................... -
Surface Pavement Materials Used Ion Urban Areas
Session 4 - Specific techniques and innovation Paper : Pavement surface materials used in urban areas Authors : Egbert BEUVING (EAPA) - Netherlands Jean-Paul MICHAUT (COLAS) - France Pavement surface materials used in urban areas -The range of urban materials- Egbert Beuving (EAPA) and Jean-Paul Michaut (COLAS) Summary A wide variety of pavement surface materials have been used in urban areas. The choice of the surface material depends on a range of rational and irrational arguments. In former days the availability of the materials was a dominant factor. Nowadays a broad scale of materials is available and functional requirements play an important role in the decision for a certain pavement type and surface layer now. The materials available are: • Bituminous bound materials (asphalt concrete, mastic asphalt) • Cement bound materials (concrete, concrete elements) • (Small) paving elements (block pavers, modular materials, stone, terracotta) • Composite pavements (a combination of the above mentioned ones) In urban areas there is a wide variety of pavement users, as there are: pedestrians, wheelchair- users, parents with prams, roller-skates, bicyclists, scoot-mobiles, motorists, passenger cars and trucks. The choice of the surface material depends on the (functional) requirements. Some of these requirements are the same as for highways; other ones might depend on the local situation. Additional requirements for urban areas might be a certain surface texture or colour for a certain image, easy to repair to guarantee the accessibility of houses, shops and other buildings, noise reducing, open for water infiltration, smooth to avoid vibrations and easy to open for accessing sewerage, gas and water systems. There might also be a need for flexible materials for creating ramps, roundabouts, cables and wiring. -
On-Site Pavement Section Sidewalk Detail Sign Post On
WIDTH PER PLAN CURB TRANSITION ORANGE CONSTRUCTION FACE OF SIGN TOP OF CONCRETE (CONCRETE TYP) FENCING (WHERE NOTED ON PLAN) PER PLAN FINISHED 6"x6" 10/10 W.W.M. CL STABILIZE ENTIRE PILE GRADE CURB CONCRETE 2% SLOPE 1:12 WITH VEGETATION OR COVER SIDEWALK NYSDOT APPROVED 2 SLOPE OR LESS 2" @ 2% PITCH 4" X X X X X X GALVANIZED STEEL 1 (SIGN POST) ±6'-0" FENCE POST @ 8'-0" OC 4" SLOPE = 1:12 SLOPE 1:12 5' MIN. CRUSHED STONE SUBGRADE ITEM NO 304.03 NOTES: DETECTABLE WARNING ±6'-0" 4'-0" MIN. 1 1. SIDEWALK EXPANSION JOINTS SHALL BE SPACED AT 5' INTERVALS WITH 2" X 4" PRE-MOLDED JOINTS AT 15' O.C. 5'-0" OR EDGE OF BREAKAWAY 2. ALL CONCRETE FOR SIDEWALKS SHALL BE 4000 PSI AT 28 DAYS WITH TRANSVERSE BROOM FINISH PAVEMENT HINGE AND CROSS SLOPE. CONCRETE MIN. SLOPE MIN. SLOPE SIDEWALK 3. SIDEWALKS GREATER THAN 8% IN GRADE SHALL BE STEPPED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE NEW STRAWBALES OR SILTFENCE YORK STATE BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS. FINISH GRADE GRADE SIDEWALK DETAIL NOTES: 1. AREA CHOSEN FOR STOCKPILING OPERATIONS SHALL BE DRY AND STABLE. SCALE: N.T.S. SLOPE 1:12 2. MAXIMUM SLOPE OF STOCKPILE SHALL BE 1:2. GRASS AREA NATIVE SOIL VARIES CURB TRANSITION 1/4"X8"X24" STEEL (CONCRETE TYP) 3. UPON COMPLETION OF SOIL STOCKPILING, EACH PILE SHALL BE SURROUNDED A WITH 4'-0" MIN PLATE (WELDED) EITHER SILT FENCING OR STRAWBALES, THEN STABILIZED WITH VEGETATION OR COVERED. 1'-6" MIN 5'-0" MIN 4. SEE SPECIFICATIONS (THIS MANUAL) FOR INSTALLATION OF SILTFENCE. -
Keep Right Traffic Laws in All 50 States
MATTHIESEN, WICKERT & LEHRER, S.C. Hartford, WI ❖ New Orleans, LA ❖ Orange County, CA ❖ Austin, TX ❖ Jacksonville, FL Phone: (800) 637-9176 [email protected] www.mwl-law.com SLOWER TRAFFIC KEEP RIGHT: A Summary of “Keep Right” Traffic Laws in All 50 States It is the universal trigger and a pet peeve of millions of drivers. You’re making good time traveling 75 MPH in the left lane of a freeway with a 70 MPH posted speed limit. You tap your brakes, turning off the cruise control, because a midnight blue 2012 Buick Regal is firmly ensconced in the left passing lane, traveling at 65 MPH and staying abreast of a Kenworth tractor pulling a 53-foot trailer. Fifteen minutes later traffic is bumper to bumper behind you as far as you can see, and you resort to flashing your lights, to no avail. The driver of the Buick Regal believes that traveling at or near the speed limit in the fast lane is acceptable—and that they are teaching the impatient drivers behind them a valuable lesson in driving safety. In a perfect world, a sheriff’s deputy would suddenly appear and pull the Buick Regal over for unsafe driving and violation of state driving statutes. Far too often, however, instant karma doesn’t occur, but an accident does. All states allow drivers to use the left lane (when there is more than one in the same direction) to pass. Most states restrict use of the left lane by slow-moving traffic that is not passing. A few states restrict the left lane only for passing or turning left.