HISTORY Pre-Spanish Era1 La Trinidad Was Well-Cultivated with Rice, Sweet Potatoes, Gabi, and Sugar Cane by Its Original Settler

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CHAPTER I

HISTORY

Pre-Spanish Era1

La Trinidad was well-cultivated with rice, sweet potatoes, gabi, and sugar cane by its original settlers.

The natives of La Trinidad were generally Ibaloys who trace their ancestry to the Kalanguya Tribe (forest people) of Tinek, Ifugao, who, due to the need to survive in a less hostile environment in different waves and paths of migration, followed mountain ranges or the course of rivers and then finding a suitable environment, usually along the river, or an open clearing, settled in Kabayan, Itogon, Tuba, Atok, Kafagway (Baguio) and La Trinidad. Finding earlier settlers in those areas these travellers then mingled with the former and through intermarriage, settled among them. They maintained swidden farms along the hillsides, carved rice terraces along the mountain slopes along rivers, creeks and streams and rice fields in the marshy valley. The villagers’ pasturelands or estancia were located in the hillsides where herds of cattle and horses grazed. In their backyards, the natives domesticated animals such as pigs, chicken and dogs. As the Cordilleras was mainly left undiscovered by the Spanish colonizers, small settlements in the area were found by the Spaniards. Highest in the social strata are the wealthy or bacnang and the mambunong (local priest). Wealth was measured by ownership of land and cattle where redistribution of wealth was done by holding prestigious feasts or peshit. Religion was based on the belief in a supreme being called the Kabunian. Prayers were done during rituals and festivities. Rituals were based largely on agriculture. Cañaos or festivities were accompanied by chants (ba-dew) and dance with the gongs (gansa) and drums (solibao) as the basic musical instruments.

Spanish Period

The name “Benguet” was once limited to the area of what is now the La Trinidad Valley. Benguet is a native term which refers to a lake where water does not drain, referring to the former swamp area here no natural drain existed. The first account of La Trinidad was when Don Q.M. Quirante saw its beautiful valley in 1624. More than a century later, in search for gold, Spanish explorers led by Galvey discovered the valley in 1829.

But the Ibalois did not receive the Spaniards gladly, they threw their spears and stood up for a battle, but they were outnumbered. It took some time, in 1846, when La Trinidad was considered pacified, as Galvey passed through the area more than 10 times, burning the natives’ houses every time there was resistance. By the time,

1 Ancestral Domain Sustainable Development Protection Plan Draft. May 2006.

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they established a Spanish government; the people had already left the valley to the outskirts of La Trinidad where they could more or less enjoy their much wanted freedom. Although the District of Benguet was established in La Trinidad by 1846, it was only in April 21, 1874, that “Valle de Benguet” was renamed “Valle de la Trinidad” (La Trinidad Valley) by then Commandant Manuel Scheidnagel. Despite popular belief that it was so named as “a fitting tribute to Galvey’s wife, Doña Trinidad de Galvey”, Scheidnagel is believed to have been inspired by the area’s three small visible hills (in effect, a trinity: a religious icon of the Christian campaign) overlooking the Poblacion church, where the seat of the Cabecera was established.

Relatively the most developed settlement in the Benguet area, La Trinidad served as the gateway from the southern lowlands into the mountain region and the center of administration to the Spaniards. The principal vegetable produced by the people then consisted of kamoteng kahoy, camote, gabi, beans and tomatoes. Rice was grown only to make “tapey” or rice wine which was used for ceremonial purposes in the cañao. The Spaniards brought in corn, coffee and good tobacco. Much of its people’s cultural activities were curtailed during this time even as their efforts to convert the Igorots to Christianity were futile. The general picture during the Spanish rule was of forced labor, beatings, cruelties and exorbitant taxation.

1624 : Don M. Quirante, a Spanish explorer found a large and prosperous community thriving around a lake inhabited by Ibalois. La Trinidad Valley was originally called “Benguet”

1829 : Lt. Col. Guillermo Galvey and his men during his first expedition to Benguet were attacked by brave and armed Igorots from a population of 500 houses; their number was reduced to 100 due to resistance and a white pox epidemic.

1846 : The District of Benguet is established, paving for the actual occupation of Benguet Valley (La Trinidad).

1852 : Trinidad served as the capital of the administrative territory of Benguet during the Spanish Era, Galvey established the Commandancia Politico–Militares de Benguet composed of 31 Commandancia. Its headquarters was located at present-day, Puguis. Galvey notes that the “Igorot attitude towards the European is one of reluctance such that only a few Christian Converts lived near the five Spaniards & 20 lowlanders in La Trinidad” & many migrated into the interior.

Revolutionary Period (1899 – 1900)

The Philippine insurrection of 1896 against the Spaniards reached Benguet by the midyear of 1899. The Katipunan came to Benguet, united the Ibalois, looted and burned Spanish buildings at the Commandancia and established the Benguet Province under the Government Republic of the Philippines.

1892 : Total population was 887 dispersed in 18 barangays of La Trinidad

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Late 1899’s : Through the leadership of Juan “Ora” Cariño, Mateo Carantes and Piraso, the Ibalois rose at 500 strong men. With 500 other Katipuneros, they looted and burned the Commandancia. The last Commandante fled for Bontoc.

1900 : La Trinidad continued to be the seat of government. Military Government was established by virtue of Gen. Order # 43.

American Period (1900 – 1941)

Several social changes occurred during the American period. Freedom of religion was granted to the indigenous Ibaloi people of La Trinidad. This enabled them to enjoy their old customs and traditions without any inhibitions.

They were also granted suffrage and slavery was abolished. Education was introduced. The Americans introduced both iron tools and vegetables. Private property was introduced. Political organizations among the residents began to be organized. Labour began to be paid and money became an important feature in the economic lives of the people.

Nov. 22, 1900 : Benguet became the first Phil. Civil Government set up by virtue of Phil. Comm. Act No. 48 which provided for the Organization of the townships of Benguet making Baguio its capital. H.P. Whitmarsh was appointed Civil Governor of Benguet;

1903 : Population is 267 persons;

1903- 1927 : A series of Executive Proclamations Reserving Parcels of Land for the Trinidad Farm School. This led to the displacement of ancestral lands.

1905 : The Americans built a school at Poblacion made out of cogon;

1910 : An experimental farm school (now the Benguet State University) was established, experimenting on the susceptibility of American vegetables such as cabbage, lettuce, & strawberry;

1916 : An elementary school is established for grades 1 to 4;

1918 : The Dangwa Family builds a small transportation enterprise. From its original Baguio – La Trinidad line, it extended to Acop, Kapangan, Bontoc, Ifugao and Tabuk by the 1930’s. The population of La Trinidad is now 3,013;

1920’s : Pres. Manuel L. Quezon proclaimed public lands as school reservations;

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Sept. 16, 1922 : The Communal Forests of La Trinidad are proclaimed by William Crosby; 1924 : The first school truck is available in La Trinidad with the improvement of the roads around the valley;

1930 : Population of La Trinidad is 6,554;

Japanese Occupation (1941 – 1945)

Filipinos were imprisoned and pitilessly tortured. As Japanese atrocities increased through the years, guerrilla activities intensified. After the war, La Trinidad was devastated. Roads had holes like crater, houses and forests were burned, and farms became massive burial grounds.

Dec. 8, 1941 : Chaos breaks in La Trinidad as Camp John Hay was bombed;

Dec.27, 1941 : La Trinidad is declared an open city;

Oct. 6, 1942 : The merciless execution of Igorots triggered the guerrilla movement named ‘Bolo” men so named because of their only weapons;

Oct. 15, 1942 : Through the leadership of Dennis Molintas and Bado Dangwa, they joined forces with the US resistance troops and placed under the 66th infantry, USAFEE-NL with the motto, “Everywhere But Nowhere” and “Never Shall Invaders”;

May 4, 1945 : The liberation of La Trinidad occurred as the joint forces of the Americans and the 66th Infantry, USAFFE entered the valley after the brief battle.

Contemporary Period (Post World War II to Present Day)

Reconstruction efforts immediately started after the war. La Trinidad started from a vegetable producer to a producer of high-value crops, strawberry and cut flowers. From a sleepy town, it has emerged as first class, urban municipality and the center for education, marketing and trading for the province of Benguet.

1948 : Population is now 7,994;

June 16, 1950 : La Trinidad is a regular municipality by virtue of RA #531. The seat of the Municipal Government is the present-day Justice Hill at Poblacion;

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1960 : Population is now 12,415. Large- scale vegetable farming became evident. La Trinidad became one of the leading vegetable-producing municipalities in the entire country. Community Development efforts started;

June 18, 1966 : La Trinidad is made Provincial Capital of Benguet (RA # 4695, s .2, HB # 1526);

July 1, 1966 : La Trinidad ranked as a fourth class municipality as per Finance Dept. Order # 140. The average annual income for 1963 to 1966 was P 64,876.97; April 1969 : The construction of the La Trinidad Municipal Hall started and inaugurated in October 10, 1970;

1970’s : La Trinidad became known as the “Salad Bowl of the Philippines”;

1980 : Population is 28,713;

1980’s : Diversification from vegetable production to strawberry and cut flower production started; Health, Population, and Rural Development Programs are initiated;

1981 : La Trinidad became a third class municipality;

March 18, 1981 : The first joint La Trinidad Patronal Town Fiesta and Strawberry Festival are celebrated;

1982 : A one-storey public market is constructed, replacing the dilapidated one;

July 13, 1984 : La Trinidad Vegetable Trading Post construction is completed;

1986 – 1987 : The EDSA Revolution shakes the La Trinidad political scene with several Officers-in-Charge placed in key political positions. Several development projects lined up were scrapped;

July 1, 1986 : La Trinidad becomes a first class-C Municipality;

July 1, 1987 : Reclassification of La Trinidad to fifth class municipality as per Finance Department Order 51 - 88. The average annual income from 1983-1986 was P2,180,174.86;

1989 : Pres. Corazon Aquino proclaims June 16, 1989 as the “Municipality of La Trinidad Day” under Proclamation No. 394;

: Construction work for the Highland Integrated Rural Development Project (HIRDP) started in November. The project is funded by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). The aim of the project is to promote and develop highland agriculture and to improve the living standards in the rural areas in and around La Trinidad through the provision of basic agricultural

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support infrastructures necessary for increased productivity and stable, strong rural life, which would serve as a pilot model integrated project in the development of rural areas in the Philippines.

July 16, 1990 : La Trinidad Valley is devastated by an earthquake;

1990’s : La Trinidad is tagged as the “Strawberry Fields of the Philippines” and “Rose Capital of the Philippines”, La Trinidad serves as the Trading Center for Benguet, Education Center for Benguet and Seat of several Regional Offices,

1991 : The JICA-funded Highland Integrated Rural Development Project is completed in November. The project consisted of irrigation facilities, rural roads, post-harvest facilities, domestic water supply and village sewage facilities.

July 1, 1991 : La Trinidad is reclassified as a fourth class municipality. Average income from 1983 to 1986 was P 4,558,389.46;

Sept. 6, 1991 : Construction starts for the new 2–storey public market building and is completed in 1993 as part of the earthquake rehabilitation fund;

April 1993 : La Trinidad Panaspulan tan Pandansahan Summer Festival is launched. This continued until 1997;

July 1, 1993 : La Trinidad is classified to a third class municipality as per Finance Department Order 35-93. Average Annual Income from 1989-1992 was P 8,036,000.00;

July 26, 1993 : RA 7672 declares June 16 as a special non-working holiday in La Trinidad;

May 13, 1997 : Reclassification of La Trinidad to a second class municipality as per Finance Department MC-97-3 (13). Average annual income from 1992 – 1995 was P18, 805,161.61;

1998 : The JICA-funded new Benguet General Hospital is completed.

July 1998 : “Dugad Mo, Shalosim” starts a drive to clean Balili River and La Trinidad’s burgeoning garbage problem. Development programs focuses on the efficient and effective delivery of economic and social services;

March 18, 1999 : The La Trinidad Patronal Town Fiesta and Strawberry Festival are revived;

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2000’s : Population reaches 67,963 with a very high average growth rate of 4.4%. The vegetable industry feels the ill-effects of the opening up of the country’s economy to open trade. Efforts are focused on exposing farmers to technologies to gain competency in the local market.

2001 : A new two–storey market starts construction; Annual Budget is now P 70,375,000.

Jan.28, 2002 : The Municipality of La Trinidad becomes a first class municipality by virtue of DOF MC1- M13 based on its average income of P36M from CY 1996-1999;

March 18, 2002 : La Trinidad gets country-wide praises for baking a 5ft high, 6ft wide & 7ft long Giant Strawberry Cake;

August 2002 : Smuggling of imported vegetable threatens the Benguet Vegetable Industry; Farmers are protected as they are unable to compete with open trade agreements by the World Trade Organization.

March 18, 2003 : The Strawberry Festival marks the agri-tourism event with a Twin Giant Strawberry Cake.

March 18, 2004 : La Trinidad enters a larger Giant Strawberry Cake into the Guinness Book of World Records. A year later, the record is confirmed with the title “Largest Fruit Shortcake”. It weighed 9,622.29 Kg, served 42,082 slices, with a height of 8.42 ft., length of 12.32 ft. and width of 8.68 ft. A month afterwards, this was also entered in Ripley’s “Believe it or Not!”

August 23, 2004: Environmental Management Bureau-DENR issues permit to start the construction of a Controlled Disposal Facility at Alno. La Trinidad is the first local government unit in the Cordilleras to comply with the Solid Waste Management Act of 2000.

May 28, 2005 : Judge F. Cabato cancels and reverts back to public domain, a nine-hectare title located within the Puguis Communal Forest to the government;

June 16, 2005 : Marking its 55th Foundation Day, the 3-storey public market building is inaugurated. A year later, the one-storey market was demolished to give way to a future plaza.

2005 : Average income of the municipal government from 2000 to 2005 drastically increased to P 85.95 M.

May 2006 : The metes and bounds of the Puguis Communal Forest are final after conduct of a joint survey with DENR. The other communal forests and Busol watershed are expected to shall follow suit.

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2007 : Census population is 97,810, with a growth rate of 5.1%. The municipal revenue generated is P110 M. The Municipal Gymnasium is constructed.

2009 : Continuous rains of typhoon Ondoy and Pepeng brought about the worst disaster ever since the 1991 earthquake. Both typhoons caused two major landslides in the valley and brought about the highest number of damage and death: 115 deaths were reported, 21 from Western Buyagan and 77 from Little Kibungan, Puguis were buried alive.

2010 : The municipal annual budget is Php 155 M. Census population is 107,188 at a growth rate of 3.09%. Plans for cityhood are laid.

2011 : The regulation of garbage segregation is placed in the hands of the barangay government and the Ecological Solid Waste Management Landfill Facility is finally in use. But the landfill will not last long, so a P58 M “black hole” waste management Japanese technology is being put in place through a Public-Private Partnership scheme.

Several studies are prepared for a new Trading Post at the Strawberry Fields road, and an Adventure-Eco Park at Shilan Communal Forest. Funding for the Trading Post will be made possible through national agricultural funds.

Ease of traffic is experienced through a number-coding scheme.

2012 : The courts decided in favour of mediaman, Jimmy Laking, suspending the whole Sanggunian Bayan for using government funds in a paid newspaper advertisement declaring him persona non grata for his comments on the proposed mall at the public market area.

2013 : Hon. Edna C. Tabanda makes a comeback as mayor, emphasizing on the principles of good governance: transparency, accountability, and honesty. She pledged to give focus on the peace and order situation, traffic problem, and school dropouts.

2015 : The P650m Benguet Agri-Pinoy Trading Center (BAPTC), the biggest trading facility in the country was inaugurated and opened for use in October 26. The project was funded under the Department of Agriculture. It came about with Dr. Violeta Salda, as the proponent.

: Population reached to 129,133 with 34,157 households growing at a rate of 3.79 annually.

Municipal District Presidents / Mayors of La Trinidad from 1899 to Present Year Name of Leader Origin Position 1899-1900 Hon. Miguel Picart Poblacion Municipal District President

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1900-1901 Hon. Clemente Laoyan Pico Municipal District President 1901-1902 Hon. Clemente Valdez Poblacion Municipal District President 1902-1903 Hon. Clemente Laoyan Pico Municipal District President 1903-1904 Hon. Clemente Laoyan Pico Municipal District President 1904-1905 Hon. Alivio Opicena Pico Municipal District President 1905-1906 Hon. Vicente Sales Poblacion Municipal District President 1906-1907 Hon. Baniwas (one name) Shilan Municipal District President 1907-1908 Hon. Baniwas (one name) Shilan Municipal District President 1908-1909 Hon. Clemente Laoyan Pico Municipal District President 1909-1910 Hon. Clemente Laoyan Pico Municipal District President 1910-1911 Hon. Palacsa (one name) Pico Municipal District President 1912-1913 Hon. Pil-o Yatyatan Alno Municipal District President 1913-1914 Hon. Pil-o Yatyatan Alno Municipal District President 1914-1915 Hon. Juan P. Leygo Poblacion Municipal District President 1915-1916 Hon. Juan P. Leygo Poblacion Municipal District President 1916-1917 Hon. Anno Morales Shilan Municipal District President 1917-1918 Hon. Anno Morales Shilan Municipal District President 1918-1919 Hon. Baldomero Namoso Bineng Municipal District President 1919-1920 Hon. Baldomero Namoso Bineng Municipal District President 1920-1921 Hon. Clemente Laoyan Pico Municipal District President 1921-1924 Hon. Clemente Laoyan Pico Municipal District Mayor 1924-1926 Hon. Adriano Balancio Pico Municipal District Mayor 1926-1929 Hon. Dalmacio Lubos Pico Municipal District President 1929-1931 Hon. Abela Binayan Shilan Municipal District President 1931-1934 Hon. Herman Chamus Pico Municipal District President 1934-1935 Hon. Duna Nabus Pico Municipal District President 1935-1937 Hon. Duna Nabus Pico Municipal District President 1937-1941 Hon. Antero Alumit Alapang Municipal District President 1941-1944 Hon. Herman Chamus Pico Municipal District President 1945-1946 Hon. Antero Alumit Alapang Municipal District President

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1946-1949 Hon. Cipriano Abalos Alapang Municipal District Mayor 1949-1952 Hon. Ezra Nabus Pico Municipal District Mayor 1952-1955 Hon. Larry Ogas Pico Municipal Mayor 1956-1959 Hon. Larry Ogas Pico Municipal Mayor 1959-1963 Hon. Larry Ogas Pico Municipal Mayor 1964-1967 Hon. Cipriano Abalos Alapang Municipal Mayor 1968-1971 Hon. Cipriano Abalos Alapang Municipal Mayor

1972-1979 Hon. Cipriano Abalos Alapang Municipal Mayor

1980-1986 Hon. Hilarion A. L. Pawid Betag Municipal Mayor

1986-12/1/87 Hon. Cecil Digman Shilan OIC, Municipal Mayor

12/2/87-12/21/87 Hon. Filomena Balingoay OIC, Office of the Mayor

12/22/87-1/31/88 Hon. Teodoro Oway Balili OIC, Office of the Mayor

2/3/88-1998 Hon. Edna C. Tabanda Alapang Municipal Mayor

Mar 1998-Jun 1998 Hon. James S. Chanfing Betag Municipal Mayor

July 1998-June 2007 Hon. Nestor B. Fongwan Puguis Municipal Mayor

July 2007-June 2010 Hon. Artemio A. Galwan Bineng Municipal Mayor

July 10 - June 2013 Hon. Gregorio T. Abalos, Jr. Betag Municipal Mayor

July 2013-June 2016 Hon. Edna C. Tabanda Balili Municipal mayor

July 2016-June 2019 Hon. Romeo K. Salda Pico Municipal Mayor

CHAPTER II

GEO-PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT

Geographical Location

The capital town of Benguet Province, the Municipality of La Trinidad is located 256 kilometers north of Metro Manila. It is bounded on the north by the Municipality of Tublay, on the south by the city of Baguio, on the west by

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the Municipalities of Sablan and Tuba. Its geographical coordinates are 16 degrees, 21 minutes north latitude and 120 degrees and 35 minutes east longitude.

The municipality is relatively the most developed settlement in the province of Benguet because of its proximity to the City of Baguio. It is the gateway of the southern lowlands into the Cordillera Region. Due to its advanced development, La Trinidad is considered as one of the Central Business Districts of Benguet.

Philippines Cordillera Administrative Region

Apayao

Abra Kalinga

Benguet Province Mt. Province

MANKAYAN Ifugao BAKUN Benguet BU GUIAS

KIBUNGAN LA TRINIDAD KAPANGAN KABAYAN ATOK

TUBLAY BOKOD

BAGUIO CITY

ITOGON TUBA

Accessibility

The municipality is accessible by land transport via the following entry points: from the Mt. Province through the Baguio-Bontoc Road; from La Union, through the Marcos Highway via the Pico-Lamtang; from Nueva Viscaya through the Benguet-Nueva Vizcaya Road; from Pangasinan, through Kennon road. All these roads converge at the City of Baguio. The nearest airport is located in nearby Baguio City, Loakan airport. Baguio- Manila travels take about 45 minutes flight or a 7-hour ride via land.

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Total road kilometer age for the whole municipality is 135.2 kilometers. The road network in the municipality exhibits a strong linear type of settlement characterized by a circumferential road that services the valley floor. Accessibility in the rural areas is still relatively inadequate, with generally very narrow roads.

Heavy road traffic is concentrated in its main road, the Baguio-Bontoc National Road which traverses the valley proper and to which all other roads originate. This road is the center of socio-economic activities for the municipality. The municipality has several radial-circumferential roads that branch out to provide access to interior barangays and sitios most of which are tire-path roads, generally not feasible for commercial traffic. Several public utility vehicles ply around the urban core, majority of which, are public utility jeeps (PUJs). A few taxicabs ply the areas less served by the jeeps while neither buses nor mini-buses ply in the area, except for those buses that pass through the Baguio-Bontoc national road leading to the northern towns of Benguet.

Municipality of La Trinidad General Map

Land Area and Political Subdivisions

Comparative Urbanization of Barangays, 1990-2000 YEAR/ Area % to URBAN-RURAL CLASSIFICATION BARANGAY (sq. km.) Total 1990 1995 2000 Alapang 2.0122 2.49 Rural Urban Urban Alno 9.5835 11.86 Rural Rural Rural Ambiong 3.4203 4.23 Rural Rural Rural Bahong 6.5756 8.14 Rural Rural Rural Balili 1.1902 1.47 Urban Urban Urban

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Beckel 9.513 11.77 Rural Rural Rural Betag 1.5692 1.94 Urban Urban Urban Bineng 8.2543 10.22 Rural Rural Rural Cruz 0.5669 0.70 Urban Urban Urban Lubas 2.4059 2.98 Rural Urban Urban Pico 3.2936 4.08 Urban Urban Urban Poblacion 1.0466 1.30 Urban Urban Urban Puguis 10.2182 12.65 Rural Rural Rural Shilan 7.5099 9.30 Rural Rural Rural Tawang 2.476 3.06 Rural Urban Urban Wangal 11.1596 13.81 Rural Rural Rural Municipal 80.795 100 Rural Rural

Comparative Urbanization of Barangays, 2007-2015 YEAR/ Area % to URBAN-RURAL CLASSIFICATION *2015 Density BRGY (sq. km.) Total 2007 2010 *2015 (persons/sq. km.) Alapang 2.0122 2.49 Urban Urban Urban 2,225 Alno 9.5835 11.86 Rural Rural Rural 301 Ambiong 3.4203 4.23 Urban Urban Urban 2,090 Bahong 6.5756 8.14 Rural Urban Urban 789 Balili 1.1902 1.47 Urban Urban Urban 15,932 Beckel 9.513 11.77 Rural Rural Rural 412 Betag 1.5692 1.94 Urban Urban Urban 6,211 Bineng 8.2543 10.22 Rural Rural Rural 197 Cruz 0.5669 0.70 Urban Urban Urban 6,564 Lubas 2.4059 2.98 Urban Urban Urban 2,560 Pico 3.2936 4.08 Urban Urban Urban 7,069 Poblacion 1.0466 1.30 Urban Urban Urban 12,608 Puguis 10.2182 12.65 Rural Urban Urban 885 Shilan 7.5099 9.30 Rural Urban Rural 644 Tawang 2.476 3.06 Urban Urban Urban 3,641 Wangal 11.1596 13.81 Rural Rural Urban 532 Municipal 80.795 100 Urban Urban 1,598 Source: CLUP 2000-2010, *Comprehensive Land Use Plan 2016-2025, MPDO Computations

La Trinidad has a total land area of 80.795125 square kilometers representing 2.7% of the total province area. It has sixteen (16) barangays namely: Alapang, Alno, Ambiong, Balili, Bahong, Beckel, Betag, Bineng, Cruz, Lubas, Pico, Poblacion, Puguis, Shilan, Tawang and Wangal. Wangal is the largest barangay with an area of 11.159642 sq. km. constituting 13.81% of the municipality. Puguis is the second largest area with 10.2182 sq. m km. or 12.65% of the municipal land area. The third largest barangay is Alno and the smallest barangay is Cruz

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with an area of 0.5659 sq. km. constituting 0.70% of the municipality. In the process of Updating the Municipality’s Comprehensive Land Use Plan for the next ten years in 2013, a new criteria for classifying barangays into an urban or rural was approved by the National Statistical Coordination Board in a resolution no. 9 series of 2003. The same criteria was used to classify the barangays in 2018 which are as follows:

Barangay Classification, 2018 Population Barangay Area (has) Population *Classification (2015) Density/ha. Ambiong 7,149 342.03 21 Urban Balili 18,962 119.02 159 Urban Betag 9,747 156.92 62 Urban Lubas 6,159 240.59 26 Urban Pico 23,282 329.36 71 Urban Poblacion 13,196 104.66 126 Urban Puguis 9,038 1021.82 9 Urban Tawang 9,014 247.6 36 Urban Wangal 5,942 1115.96 5 Urban Alapang 4,477 201.22 22 Urban Alno 2,883 958.35 3 Rural Bahong 5,188 657.56 8 Urban Beckel 3,918 951.3 4 Rural Bineng 1,624 825.43 2 Rural Cruz 3,721 56.69 66 Urban Shilan 4,833 750.99 6 Rural Total 129,133 8079.5 16 Source: PSA census 2015, *MPDO classification based on NSCB Res. No. 9 s. 2003,

Urban-Rural Area Municipal Area (hectares) 8,079.50 100.00% Total Urban Area 4,593.43 56.85% Total Rural Area 3,486.07 43.15% Source: MPDO computation based on New Classification

Topography

Characterized by steep mountains and high terrain, amidst the mountain peaks, is an approximately 350-hectare valley. Across the valley runs the major water body, the Balili River running from Baguio towards the eastern edge of the valley flowing to the north. The Wangal River, Bayabas, Pico and Puguis Creeks flowing from the mountainsides form the Bolo Creek which runs across the valley and converges with the Balili River at Poblacion. Draining from the Busol Watershed are Ambiong Creek, Lubas Creek, and Tawang Creek joining the Balili River from the south.

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Creeks in the northeast areas are separated into the east and west by the mountainous and northern part of Alno. Peril Creek has its basin at Bagto Mountain. It runs through the Alno Valley and reaches the Balili River. Moreover, waters from Alapang Creek come from Balili River flowing from Bahong Cave. The Gayasi River from Wangal also drains itself into the Balili River at Bineng. Prominent mountains are “Marlboro” mountain located at Beckel, Mount Mongo and Mount Mungao located at Bineng, Mount Yangbeo, Mount Kalugong and Tawang Mountains all located at Tawang and Mount Peripin Bato at Pico. In the center of the municipality is the valley located within the barangays of Betag, Pico, Balili and Poblacion surrounded by cliffs and huge mountains of limestone.

Elevation

Relief is high with elevation ranging from 500 to 1,700 meters. The highest elevation is at 1,700 meters on the south-eastern portion near the Ambuklao Road at Beckel. The valley floor has an elevation of 1,300 meters above sea level. Bineng is the lowest barangay, with an elevation of 500 meters above sea level at the lowest point of Balili River.

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Slope

La Trinidad valley is on plains with rising and falling slopes. It is bounded on the north and northwest by steep slopes. Comparatively gentle slopes are found in Cruz, Alapang, Bahong and Alno. The municipal mean slope is 40%. Steep (above the mean) slope areas include sitios Banengbeng, Oring, Amsalsal and Dilad in barangay Bineng.

Slope Distribution by Area and Percentage Description Slope Percentage Area ( in hectares) Percentage Level to nearly level 0.0 – 9.9 422 6.04

Gentle 10.0 – 19.9 880 12.60 Undulating 20.0 – 29.9 594 8.51 Moderately steep 30.0 – 39.9 2,102 30.11 Steep 40.0 – 49.9 866 12.40 Very Steep 50.0 – above 2,118 30.34 Total 6,982 Mean Slope 40.00

Source: Engineering Geological Hazard Studies of Earthquake- Affected Areas in Baguio and Benguet, Mines & Geo-Sciences Bureau, DENR-CAR, 1992.

Slope category of 3-8 percent occupies about 2.451 square kilometers or 3.03 percent. These are very gently sloping lands located on the centers of Barangay Pico and Bineng and portions of Betag. These are suited for intensive crop production and human settlements.

Slope category 15-25 percent occupies about 11.161 square kilometers or 13.81 percent which are sloping to moderately steep. These are located on the portions of Alno, Bineng, Wangal, Alapang, Cruz, Tawang, Bahong and Shilan. These are limited for cultivation and settlements.

Slope category 25-40 percent occupies about 26.903 square kilometers or 33.29 percent. These are describe as moderately steep to steep lands located at Barangay Ambiong, Lubas, portions of Shilan, Pico, Beckel, Bahong Alno, Tawang, Cruz, Puguis, and Wangal. These are best suited for forest production.

Slope category 60 percent and above occupies about 35.214 or 43.58 percent. These are very step lands found in Shilan, Beckel, Alapang, portions of Poblacion, Wangal, Bineng, and Puguis. These are suited for forestry, watershed and wildlife conservation. Map show the slope category by location, description and recommended use. About 5.065 square kilometers or 6.26% of the total land area of La Trinidad are under 0-3 percent slope category. These are broad area of level to nearly level land, located in Barangays Poblacion, Betag, Balili portions of Pico, Lubas, and Cruz. Wangal and Puguis. These could use for high density urban development.

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Slope Map

Geology

Rock Formation

The Bahong cave provides a characteristics example of rocks found in the Municipality. It is composed of tertiary limestone inter-bedded with poorly cemented layers of coral fragments and loose soil, and terrestrial deposits which provide a permeable layer through cracks along the bedded plane that have developed in it. The permeability however, can also be aggravated by seepage from polluted waters. For instance, water from the Bahong cave is frothy and have offensive odor, contains traces of garbage and other wastes and is therefore assumed to come from the Balili River. This indicates that the Bahong cave is a natural outlet connecting the downstream side of the Balili River and the Bahong spring. The prevalence of limestone rock formation can be observed in many parts of the Municipality particularly, at the southern and parts such as Mt. Pico. Several springs are present at the mountain sides, the occurrence of which suggests that the imperious shade or other tertiary rocks exist with the limestone formations. There, where limestone formations are present, spring exist. Various springs found in the municipality have been classified into three major types, namely: 1) Piedmont lime land (limestone)- mostly found in the east and south ends of the La Trinidad valley notably, Pico Spring and Balili Spring: 2) Bed in impervious rocks (located in high elevations ranging from 1,200 to 1,385 meters ASL) such as Lubas Spring and Bahong- Alapang Spring; and 3) Fissure (conglomerate area) such as Sadag- Alno. Rock formation is present in Barangay Tawang and some parts of barangays Bineng and Alapang.

Ecological Profile 2018

SOIL

The existing soil types in La Trinidad are classified as follows:

Rough Mountainous Land- These lands are very rough and may be best utilized for wildlife, forest and watershed. These are precipitous escarpments, high cliffs where slope exceed 100 percent. They are found along portions of Alno, Alapang, Bineng, Wangal and Puguis. It has an area of 17.407 square kilometers or 21.54 percent of the municipal total.

Puguis Gravelly Loam- Only one soil type was mapped under this series. It is found in Barangay Puguis and portions of Alno, Alapang, Bahong and Wangal. This is moderately steep to very steep with undulating areas with flood to excessive drainage. Area is 15.199 square kilometers or 18.82 percent of the municipal total. Elevation is from 900 to 1,300 meters above sea level. Organic content is 7.62%. The surface soil is brown, fine friable gravelly loam. Gravel is about 20 percent by volume. Strong brown and soft when dry and dark brown and slightly sticky when wet. In depth of 0 - 20 centimeters from the surface, the subsoil is reddish brown to yellowish red, fine, granular and friable loam with 7-10 percent gravel by volume, brown and soft when dry; reddish brown and slightly sticky when wet. In depth of 20-80 percent centimeters from the surface, substratum is yellowish red sandy loam with 15% grovels by volume; brown and soft when dry; dark yellowish brown and slightly sticky when wet. The crops grown give the following average yield per hectare. Pineapple, 5,000 fruits, cabbage, 2 tons, pechay, 5 tons and rice 25 cavans. The soil type has a danger of soil erosion. All cultivated areas should be properly terraced to hold the surface soil from being washed off. Yield is rather low and should be improved by liberal use of organic and inorganic fertilizers.

Buyagan Clay Loam – Only one soil type was mapped under this series. It is located in portions of Poblacion, Betag, Wangal and Puguis. It has good excessive drainage. It covers 4.553 square kilometers or 5.63 percent of the municipal total. Its organic matter content is 6.8%. The surface soil is reddish brown to yellowish red, coarse to fine granular friable clay loam. Reddish yellow and slightly Hard when dry. Sticky and plastic when wet. In depth of 0-30 centimeters from the surface, the subsoil is yellowish red to red fine granular friable clay loam, reddish yellow and slightly hard when dry; and sticky and plastic when wet. In depth of 30 – 60 centimeters from the surface, the substratum is red fine granular very friable loam, light red and soft when dry, pinkish white concretions with very pale brown light yellowish brown highly weathered parent materials; and non-sticky and non-plastic when wet. Crops grown derive the following average yield per hectare, cabbage 10 tons, sayote 10 tons, pechay 10 tons, and coffee one ton. The hazards are less of soil fertility and soil erosion. Preferably the soil should be planted with fruit bearing trees and be terraced to reduce soil erosion. In both permanent tree and annual crops, liberal application of organic and inorganic fertilizers will insure more produce.

Bineng Loam- Only one soil type was mapped under this series. It is found in portion of Bineng, Alno, Alapang, Poblacion and Wangal. It has an elevation ranging from 900 to 1,400 above sea level and

Ecological Profile 2018

has an area of 7.908 square kilometers or 9.78 percent of the municipal total. External drainage is excessive while internal drainage is fair. Organic matter content is 3.66%. The surface soil is reddish brown fine granular friable loam. Few pebbles are prese nt. Friable and slightly hard when dry. In depth of 00-20 centimeters from the surface, the subsoil is yellowish red fine granular friable sandy loam; pebbles are present about 10 percent by volume, and slightly hard when dry. In depth 20-60 centimeters from the surface, the lower subsoil is yellowish red, dark yellowish brown medium sub-angular blocky friable sandy loam with rounded pebbles 10% by volume, slightly hard dry; yellowish red when wet. In depth of 60-90 centimeters from the surface, the upper substratum is dark brown, dark yellowish brown medium sub-angular blocky friable sandy loam with pebbles 10% by volume, when dry pale and slightly hard, Yellowish brown when wet. In depth of 90-120 centimeters from the surface, the lower substratum is dark yellowish brown to strong brown medium sub-angular blocky friable clay loam; dry- yellow to brownish yellow slightly hard, yellowish brown sticky and plastic when wet. Gently sloping areas are terraced and planted with rice while the bean the sloping areas are planted with Baguio beans and coffee with the following average yield per hectare. Rice 20 cavans, Coffee one ton, and Baguio beans one ton. To maintain soil fertility and improve the yield, the appropriate fertilizer should be applied. Strip cropping and cover cropping should be practiced on cultivated sloping grounds to minimize erosion.

Tacdian loam- There is only one soil type under this series. It is found on the east and south side of La Trinidad Valley particularly in some portions of Tawang, Bahong, Cruz, Betag, Balili, Lubas, Ambiong and Pico. Area is 10.489 square Kilometers or 12.98 percent of the municipal total. External drainage is good to excessive. Internal drainage is moderately slow. Elevation ranges from 1,400 to 1,600 meters above sea level. Organic matter content is 4.04%. Surface soil is dark reddish brown, fine, granular, friable loam with few pebbles 5% by volume. Dark reddish brown to dark brown and very hard when dry. Slightly sticky and slightly plastic when wet. In depth of 0-10 centimeters from the surface. Second layer is dark reddish brown to fine, granular, firm clay loam with pebbles 5% by volume. Dark reddish brown to dark brown and very hard when dry. Slightly sticky and slightly plastic when wet. In depth of 0-10 centimeters from the surface, second layer is dark reddish brown to dark brown, fine granular, firm clay loam with few pebbles 5% by volume; reddish brown and very hard when dry, sticky and plastic when wet. In depth of 10-50 centimeters from the surface, third layer is yellowish red to red firm, silty clay loam with black concretions, white limestone gravel 5% by volume and fragments of highly weathered parent materials; very hard and dark red when dry; sticky and slightly plastic when wet. In depth of 50-120 centimeters from the surface fourth layer is dark reddish, firm clay loam with gravel of limestone 80% by volume, dark reddish brown and hard when dry; yellowish red, sticky and plastic when wet. The crops grown give the following average yield per hectare. Pechay 10 tons, Baguio beans, 1 ton, gabi, 3 tons, cabbage, 10 tons. This soil type is very critical when it comes to erosion. The surface soil is thin and unless it is guarded carefully, the topsoil may be washed off after a few strong rains. All cultivated areas should be terraced properly to minimize soil erosion.

Ecological Profile 2018

Ambassador Silt loam- Location is confined to portions of Shilan and Beckel. It covers an area of 3.844 square kilometers percent of total municipal area. The relief is moderately steep to very steep with a slope crest of 5-8 percent. Drainage is good. Organic matter content is 9.37 percent. The surface soil is dark brown, fine granular friable silt loam. In depth of 0-15 centimeters from the surface, the subsoil is yellowish red, fine granular friable silty clay loam; slightly sticky and slightly plastic when wet. In depth of 15-36 centimeters from the surface, the lower subsoil is light red, fine granular friable silt loam with highly weathered percent materials; slightly sticky and slightly plastic when wet. In depth of 36-90 centimeters from the surface, the substratum is yellowish red, fine granular friable silt loam with highly weathered parent materials, slightly sticky and slightly plastic when wet. Pechay, cabbage and set out are the principal crops with an average yield of 3 tons, 5 tons and 10 tons per hectare respectively. The soil type is subject to erosion hazard and special management practices should be applied to minimize soil erosion.

Halsema Loam- the only soil type under the Halsema series. It is located along portions of Shilan, Tawang, Bahong, Lubas and Beckel with an area of 7.650 square kilometers or 9.46 percent of the municipal total. Drainage is moderate to excessive. Internal drainage is moderately slow. Elevation ranges from 1,200 to 1,400 meters above sea level. Organic matter content is 2.18 percent.

The surface soil is dark brown, friable, firm, fine granular loam. Very hard and dark reddish brown, coarse, granular, firm clay loam, dark brown and very hard when dry; sticky and plastic when wet; few gravel 5% by volume are present in this layer. In depth of 21-34 centimeters from the surface, substratum is red, fine, granular, friable silt loam; gravel of about 5% by volume are present; very hard and dark red when dry; sticky when wet. In depth is 34-84 centimeters from the surface. Lower substratum is reddish brown, fine granular friable loam; highly weathered parent materials which are weak red to pale brown with black mixture 1-2 mm diameter. Very hard and weak red when dry; sticky and plastic when wet. The crops grown give the following average yield per hectare. Pechay, 10 tons, sayote, 10 tons; cabbage, 10; and sweet potatoes, 10 tons. The soil type needs ordinary and special farm management practices to conserve the soil fertility and maintain high yield. There is a need for application of organic and inorganic fertilizers and construction of terraces to regulate the flow of water and minimize soil erosion.

La Trinidad Loam- located over portions of Pico, Betag and Puguis. It has an area of 3.908 square kilometers or 4.83 percent of the Municipal area. Elevation ranges from 1,400 to 1,500 above sea level. It is level to nearly level with a depressed portion. Drainage is good but during the rainy season water accumulation in the depressed portion remains stagnant for some time. Organic matter content is 1.17%.

The surface soil is brown to dark brown, fine granular friable firm land. When dry, it is pale brown to light yellowish brown and hard. Slightly sticky and slightly plastic when wet. Depth is 0-22 centimeters from the surface. Subsoil is dark brown, fine granular friable loam. Hard and brown when dry. When wet, it is slightly sticky and slightly plastic. In depth 22-77 centimeters from the surface, lower subsoil is dark brown, fine granular friable sandy loam; hard and brown to dark brown when dry; dark bro wn to dark

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yellowish slightly sticky and non- plastic when wet. In depth 77-108 centimeters from the surface upper stratum is reddish brown fine granular friable sandy loam with gravel about 5 percent by volume; when dry, it is soft and dark brown; when wet, it is slightly sticky and non-plastic and brown. In depth is 108-127 centimeters from the surface lower stratum is dark brown, friable loam with a few color mottling; hard and brown; hard and brown when dry; slightly sticky non-plastic brown with few mottling. It is planted to various crops with the following average yields per hectares. Sweet peas, 8,632 kilograms; tomatoes, 20,000 kilograms; and strawberry, 4,369 kilograms. The soil type is adapted to many other crops. It needs stream bank protection and simple farm management practices to maintain high yield.

Bakakeng Sandy Loam- This soil type occupies most part of Beckel and a portion of Ambiong. It has an area of 9.833 or 12.17 percent of the municipal total. Organic matter content is 4.42 percent.

Surface soil is dark reddish brown to dark red fine granular friable sandy clay loam. Dry, very hard, very sticky and plastic when wet. In depth of 0-25 centimeters from the surface; upper subsoil- red medium granular very firm clay loam; dry, very hard and red and very sticky and plastic when wet; depth is 25-65 centimeters from the surface; lower subsoil- red medium granular loam with black concretions; when dry, it is red to weak red and very hard; it is very sticky and slightly plastic when wet. In depth 65-140 centimeters from the surface; the substratum is dark red medium granular loam; when dry, it is hard and pale red and when wet, it is very sticky and slightly plastic dark red. The crops with their average yield per hectares are as follows: camote, 5 tons; coffee, 1 ton; Baguio beans, 1 ton; pechay, 3 tons; cabbage, 10 tons and potatoes, 20 tons.

Soil Map

Ecological Profile 2018

Land Resources

Alienable and Disposable Lands

There are 16.722 square kilometers or 20.65% of the total land area of La Trinidad is classified as forest land and 64.0722 square kilometers classified within the Alienable and Disposable (A&D). Barangay Shilan has the highest area in terms of forest land which is 2.992 square kilometers or 17.9% of the total forest area. This is followed by Barangay Wangal with 2.713 square kilometers or 16.22%. Barangay Alno with 2.605 square kilometers or by 15.58%; Barangay Bineng with 2.251 square kilometers or 13.46% ;Barangay Ambiong with 1.484 square kilometers or 8.87% and Barangay Alapang with only 0.707 square kilometers or 4.23%.

The land management Section of the Department of Environment and Natural resources (LMS- DENR) reported that only the area of Barangay Cruz has been approved out of the 16 barangays of La Trinidad. The land area of the fifteen (15) Barangays needs corrections and refinements.

Land Classification Map

Data Source: Approved Political Map, LMS-DENR CAR

Ecological Profile 2018

Existing General Land Use

Residential land use accounts for the largest share in urban land use. However, commercial land use is expected to have the highest demand in urban areas given the municipality’s growing roles as a commercial, educational and agro-tourism center in the province. Interspersed within residential areas, the commercial area is concentrated along the Baguio-Bontoc national highway. It is expected that most of the residential buildings along this road shall be used for commercial space in the near future. The urban built up has spread at Poblacion, Puguis, Shilan and Alapang, putting pressure for the population to seek housing sites in their less populated areas.

Special use for irrigation, power and relay stations, sewerage and waste management facilities is likewise expected to increase, as population grows even more rapidly.

Institutional use is principally for schools, welfare homes, orphanages, home for the aged, rehabilitation and training centers, military camp, day care centers. Schools are largely concentrated in urban loop road. While de- concentration efforts have made to site new high schools in the outskirts of the built-up area. And several day care centers are found in all barangays. More populous and larger barangays find the need to site their day care center nearer to the homes of the populace. While private schools now are mushrooming, most, with very little space for their students to move around.

If the protection of communal and forested areas in Alapang, Puguis, Wangal, Ambiong , Shilan, Bineng and Alno will continue, squatting in these areas may still be abated. Relief is felt at the Puguis Communal Forest as the municipal government won its case versus individual claimants along the paved Longlong-Tam-awan road. The establishment of the actual metes and bounds of the forest in the ground level shall also assist the government in abating professional squatters from entering into the protected area.

Special Agricultural & Fisheries Development Zones especially the strawberry and cut flower gardens in Betag, Ambiong, and Bahong has to be continually protected to ensure sustainable agricultural development in the municipality. With the advent of the new Trading Post, it is expected that commercial establishment will mushroom into the existing souvenir shops in the area.

Special land uses for future cemeteries and the garbage disposal facility have to be carefully sited and regulated. As of this writing, an area has been purchased by the municipal government for a public cemetery in Shilan. In terms of the Solid Waste Management Facilities at Alno, residential houses have mushroomed near the site and are exposed to geological and health hazards posed from the disposal facility. The move to develop parks and recreation facilities, without undue sacrifice to the green environment will provide additional economic opportunities to the municipality.

The following are the present land uses of the Municipality. Each land use is expected to expand considerably in the coming years as the result of population increase and in-migration. In-migration is likely to increase within the

Ecological Profile 2018

planning period as it aims to become a component city by year 2019, it has now the momentum of achieving its goals and objectives in terms of agriculture, commerce, industry and tourism.

1. Residential Area - The existing residential area of the municipality is 779.82 hectares. The projected land area requirement for the year 2025 is 1096 has. Therefore, 316.18 has been added to the proposal.

2. Agricultural Area - From the total land area of La Trinidad (8079.50 hectares), more or less forty-two percent (42.82%) or 3,459.34 has. is being utilized for agricultural purposes. The municipality of La Trinidad will limit land conversion to other land uses as agriculture is one of the contributory factor of economy in the locality.

3. Forest Area/Timberland - The total forest area of the Municipality is 435.46 hectares, 272.37 hectares allotted for Watershed Reservation classified as protection forest and 163.09 hectares for Communal Forests or production forest and timberland has an area of 2,046.55 hectares. Reduction of forest area is expected due to uncontrolled illegal settlers and issuance of titles within areas for public domain.

4. Commercial Area - The public market area is the central business district of the municipality which is included in the Commercial Area of the Municipality which has a total land area of 86.65 hectares. The projected land area requirement for this purpose is 111.92 hectares which means that the existing commercial land use can supply the needed expansion area for the planning period. This shall be maintained and developed according to its suitability and zoning.

5. Bodies of Water - These areas are expected to remain the same within the planning period. Proper implementation and regulation of the National Water Code of the Philippines shall be observed. It covers an area of 89.36 hectares.

6. Tourism/Agro-tourism Area - This land use includes areas where tourist attractions are found like Strawberry Fields, Bahong and Ambiong flower gardens, and other tourist destinations. It occupies an area of 303.39 hectares.

7. Institutional - This land use includes areas occupied by the Municipal Hall, Provincial Capitol, private and public institutions, schools, other social facilities and amenities, churches and other national offices. It has a total land area of 675.08 hectares.

10. Roads/Infra Facilities - The land area occupied by roads, streets and other infrastructures has a total land area of 117.43 hectares representing 1.45% of the total land area of the municipality.

11. Other Land Uses 11.a. Cemeteries

There are nine (9) cemeteries in the Municipality of La Trinidad with a total land area of 9.96 hectares. Although, it is being subsidized by private individuals who have their own cemeteries within

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their property as it is the practice and tradition of the people living in the Cordillera to bury their dead in an area near their house.

11.b Dump Sites/Sanitary Landfills

The Municipality of La Trinidad has an existing facilities located at barangay Alno. It has a total land area of 9.85 hectares. The proposed land area required until the planning period 2016-2025 is estimated at 12.79 hectares. Hence, the municipality has a deficit of more or less 2 hectares to comply with the land demand during the planning period.

Existing Land Use Categories, 2015 Area Percentage to Existing land Use Area (Has.) (Sq. km.) total Communal Forest 163.09 1.63 2.02 Watershed 272.37 2.72 3.37 Cemetery 9.96 0.10 0.12 Sanitary Landfill 9.85 0.10 0.12 Agro-tourism 303.39 3.03 3.76 Institutional 675.08 6.75 8.36 Commercial 86.65 0.87 1.07 Residential 779.82 7.80 9.65 Bodies of Water 89.36 0.89 1.11 Parks and Recreational Space 66.61 0.67 0.82 Utilities, Transportation 117.43 1.17 1.45 Forest (timberland) 2,046.55 20.47 25.33 Agricultural 3,459.34 34.59 42.82 TOTAL 8079.5 80.795 100.00 Source: MPDO, GIS computed, Cadastral Survey, LMS-DENR-CAR, NAMRIA

Built-up Area

The built-up area is the area of the residential (9.65%) and commercial (1.07%) or a total of 10.72% of the total land area of the Municipality. With urbanization, it is expected to increase during the next ten years.

Agricultural Land

Approximately 3,459.34 hectares or 42.82% of the total land area of the municipality is classified as agricultural lands. The total cultivated area is 2,993.33 hectares wherein 1,855.75 hectares are estimated as irrigated. With commercial land use putting pressure on agricultural land use, it is also expected that agricultural land will decrease.

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Those areas cultivated with strawberries and cut flowers shall remain as the Strategic Agriculture and Fisheries Development Zones (SAFDZ) at 259.80 hectares as promulgated in RA 9435 or the Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act 1997.

Tourism Areas

The Strawberry Fields and Cut flower gardens are considered areas of significant value for tourism. The municipality has become one of the major tourist destinations not only in the Province of Benguet, but also in the country with its vast cut flower gardens and sprawling strawberry fields. Known as the former “Salad Bowl of the Philippines”, it is now known as the “Strawberry Fields of the Philippines” and barangay Bahong as the “Rose Garden of the Philippines”. Accomplishments have placed La Trinidad in the Guinness Book of Records as the maker of the largest strawberry cake.

Forest Land

Forestland occupies a considerable area of 2,046.55 hectares, comprising of approximately 20.47 % of the total Municipal land area. It is classified into timberlands and grasslands as identified by the LMS-DENR-CAR and the NAMRIA. La Trinidad boasts of four (4) Communal Forests at Alapang, Alno, Puguis and Shilan, occupying a total are of 163.09 hectares. The Watershed areas are found in Busol, Ambiong and the Shelpi Watershed in Wangal with a total land area of 272.37 hectares.

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Other land uses

Special uses such as cemeteries and sanitary landfill comprise 19.81 hectares. Water bodies comprise 89.36 hectares. Parks and Recreational spaces comprise 66.61 hectares.

Urban Land Use

In 2015, the total urban area is 3,677.96 hectares or 45.52% of the municipality’s land area. There are nine urban (9) barangays and seven (7) rural. Residential land use in the urban area occupies 521.92 hectares. Commercial activities are concentrated alongside the Baguio-Bontoc National Highway, occupying an area of 69.80 hectares. Institutional area occupies 602.76 hectares which includes all lands occupied by Government Buildings, schools, hospitals and the Benguet State University. The utilities and transportation network in the urban area occupies 73.78 hectares. Maintenance and expansion of some roads did not comply with the national standards per DPWH rules and regulations.

About 38.84% or 1,428.67 hectares of the total urban area are classified as agricultural land. Forest land use is 15.96% or 587.15 hectares, and about 6.33% or 232.92 hectares are communal forest and watershed land use. Land use is expected to change from time to time but should be within the parameters set forth in the approved Zoning Ordinance. Residential land use is expected to increase due to the high demand in housing especially in the valley taking into consideration the proximity of schools, health centers and other necessary facilities.

Existing Urban Land Use, 2015 Area Area Percentage to Existing land Use (Has.) (Sq. km.) total Agricultural 1,428.67 14.2867 38.84 Agro-tourism 46.27 0.4627 1.26 Institutional 602.76 6.0276 16.39 Residential 521.92 5.2192 14.19 Commercial 69.8 0.698 1.90 Utilities & Transportation Services 73.78 0.7378 2.01 Forest 587.15 5.8715 15.96 Communal Forest 49.58 0.4958 1.35 Watershed 183.34 1.8334 4.98 Parks & Recreational Spaces 66.61 0.6661 1.81 Bodies of Water 38.97 0.3897 1.06 Special Use Cemeteries 9.12 0.0912 0.25 TOTAL 3,677.97 36.7797 100.00 Source: GIS computed, Actual GPS readings, Cadastral Survey, LMS-DENR-CAR, NAMRIA

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Land Acquisition and Distribution, and Land Use Conversion

In terms of land acquisition and distribution, there was a total area of 223 hectares, from 2002 to 2010, which were submitted for Voluntary Land Transfer. And another conglomerate area of 31.74 hectares were submitted and recommended for Certificate of Land Ownership Award generation/distribution, under the Agrarian Reform Program. This program ended in 2010.

In terms of land use conversion, a conglomerate area of 61.36 hectares, from 2003 to 2013, were recommended for approval. Records in 2003 show the highest area for land use conversion at 16.85 hectares, while in 2014 to 2016, only 5.4559 hectares of land were recommended for land conversion or a total of 30.88 hectares from the previous years to the end of 2016. An additional 1.1739 hectare land conversion was processed in 2017 and 2018.

Land Acquisition (in hectares) under Agrarian Reform Program (2015-2018) Program/Year 2015 2016 2017 2018 Land Acquisition & Distribution (LAD) 1. Voluntary Land N/A N/A N/A N/A Transfer 2. Certificate of Land N/A N/A N/A N/A Ownership Award Non – LAD 1. Land Use 0.0220 1.0698 0.4655 0.7084 Conversion Source: DAR-Benguet/CAR, /c: corrected based on new data

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Land Classification

The Land Management Section of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources reports that only Barangay Cruz has an approved Cadastral Map. The fifteen other barangays needs corre ctions and refinements. But up to this date, no follow-up project is underway.

The Community Environment & Natural Resources Office reports that 1,737 hectares are Alienable and Disposal Lands, while the total timberland area consists of 4,403 hectares.

Real Property Assessment

In 2002, a total of 6,675.45 hectares was recorded for real property assessment and taxation. This increased to 8,176.83 hectares in 2012 which has decreased to 8,071.21 hectares in 2013. Land use conversion continues as shown in the records of the Municipal Assessor’s Office.

In 2015 there were reversions made from other uses to agricultural and there were also land conversions/revisions from other land uses. In revisions or corrections of tax declarations, 84% are classified as agricultural, 9.00% as residential, 2.69% as commercial, 3.15% as industrial, 2.23% is government, and other uses at 5.67%.

Due to continuous development in the locality, land conversion likewise continue. Applications for conversions and revisions are made according to actual land uses. In 2018, there is an increase of less than 1% in Agricultural land area. About 1.48% increase in other land uses and slight decreases in residential and commercial land classifications.

Land Area by Classification as to Real Property Assessment Year 2015 2016 2017 2018 Land area (has) Area % Area % Area % Area % Agricultural 5,499.79 84.48 5,514.53 86.33 5,662.87 87.27 5,703.51 86.92 Residential 619.73 9.52 647.46 10.13 607.57 9.36 606.27 9.24 Commercial 17.55 0.27 18.28 0.29 20.22 0.31 20.16 0.31 Industrial 2.05 0.03 4 0.06 4.01 0.06 4.01 0.06

Government 1.45 0.02 3.32 0.05 194.14 2.99 227.48 3.47 Other Land Uses 369.32 5.67 Total 6,509.89 100.00 6,187.59 100 6,488.81 100 6,561.43 100.00 Source: Municipal Assessor’s Office

In 2005, 27,153 parcels of land and 5,167 buildings were declared for taxation purposes. This increased to 39,441 parcels of land and 10,511 buildings in 2013. In 2014, there was a decrease of 3,943 for land and 201 for buildings. Due to the implementation of R.A. 7160 or the 2010 General Revisions Act. (Section 219), there is an increasing number of Real Property Units especially for Buildings as shown in the following table.

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Declared Real Properties, 2013-2018 Real Property Units 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Land 39,441 35,498 36,570 38,516 39,828 37,156

Buildings 10,511 10,310 10,528 11,314 11,700 11,860 Source: Municipal Assessor’s Office

Ancestral Land

According to the ancestral land claims of the native people of La Trinidad, the whole of La Trinidad is owned by the Ibalois and “can be subject to application for ancestral land ownership”. The balance between the reality of the different land uses in the municipality and the claims of the heirs of our ancestors has to be weighed wisely. Several issues have to be addressed by the proper government agencies to give what is due to the indigenous peoples and to consider the development needs of the municipality.

Structures/ Mineralization

Precious metal mineralization is limited to the Klondyke formation on the east which is protected as the northern extension of the gold mine belt in La Trinidad. Small scale mining for gold is found at Gold River in Sitio Sapsing, Barangay Beckel.

Water Resources

The Municipality’s major water body is the Balili River which runs south towards the north through the eastern edge of the valley. It joins the Payeng River and the confluences of these two rivers which flow towards the Lingayen Gulf.

The Balili River is the main water catchment in the valley which originates from the various creeks and tributaries in Baguio City and flows northward across the municipality to become a tributary of the Naguilian River, which is in turn flows out the West Philippine Sea. Twelve major creeks that drain from three (3) directions in the Municipality are tributaries to Balili River. From the source outlet conducted by the HIRDP-JICA has determined that the water at the Balili River is unsuitable for Domestic use and not even recommended for irrigation purposes. Ac cordingly, it is badly contaminated with sewage. This poses danger to the water aquifer in view of the ground permeability of the valley.

Balili River failed. Balili River has its headwaters at Sagudin River located within barangay Trancoville in Baguio City. Tributary creeks coming from the barangays of Pacdal, Cabinet Hill, New Lucban, Honeymoon, Guisad, and Sto. Niño (formerly Slaughter) nourish Sagudin River. All the aforementioned tributary creeks converges and flows downstream converging with the waters from La Trinidad, Benguet, in what is known as Balili River, passing through Sablan and drains into Upper Naguilian River as one of the major tributaries.

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Balili River as per assessment in 1975 is still classified as a “Class A” river. But technically it has “failed to meet the water quality criteria as per assessment as a ‘Class A’ river. Class A is intended for public water supply, which means that with a little treatment, the water could be used for drinking. Through the years, this condition continuously deteriorated. (EMB, 2010)

Water Quality, 2017-2018

From 2004 to 2014, water quality monitoring reports of Balili River in the past ten years show that the condition of the Balili River along the Baguio side exceeded the acceptable benchmark levels in terms of acidity, dissolved oxygen, Total Suspended Solids and Biological Oxygen Demand. This means that the river waters are already polluted as it enters the boundaries of La Trinidad.

Water quality assessment showed that Dissolved Oxygen, the Total Suspended Solids, except for the Dissolved Solids failed to meet the water quality criteria as a “Class A” river: (TSS: 50 mg/L, BOD: 10 mg/L). Results of the Water quality monitoring conducted in 2017 and 2018 by the EMB-CAR showed that in different sampling stations, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) generally exceeded the criteria of 10 mg/L for most quarters of 2017 and 2018. Total suspended solids (TSS) generally passed the criteria of 50 mg/L except at some stations for the four quarters of 2017 and 2018. Continuous advocacy, protection, regulation in sanitation, and rehabilitation programs for the Balili River are desired for its headwaters in nearby Baguio City and likewise within the municipality itself.

Total Suspended Solids 2017 Annual 2018 Annual Station Site 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Number Average Average Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter 1 Balili River HEDCOR Dam 1 27 34 2 3 16.5 20 11 22 5 14.5 Bridge at Sta. 256+156 near 1A 42 44 8 16 27.5 78 9 28 15 32.5 Benguet Prov. Capitol Km. 6, LTB Pico Bridge No. 1 Sta 254+156 1A-2 28 35 19 17 24.75 43 21 34 3 25.25 near Mormon Church Km. 5 Bridge at Sta 256+156 near 2 27 63 10 3 25.75 52 10 20 8 22.5 Benguet Prov. Capitol Km. 6, LTB Bridge near Balili Brgy. Hall/Health 3 76 18 19 12 31.25 44 8 45 9 26.5 Center, Km 5, LTB BSU comp Housing near Balili 3A 10 7 16 8 10.25 30 7 23 1 15.25 Day Care Center 4 Pines Park Bridge, Km. 4, LTB 39 118 21 21 49.75 62 16 211 57 86.5 Convergence of 5a and 6, Bell 5 63 44 82 18 51.75 84 264 115 24 121.75 Church Entrance

Biological Oxygen Demand 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Average 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Average Sta. No. Site Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Annual Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Annual 1 Balili River HEDCOR Dam 1 17 24 8 9 14.5 35 13 16 5 17.25 Bridge at Sta. 256+156 near 1A 53 62 34 15 41 78 10 8 20 29 Benguet Prov. Capitol Km. 6, LTB

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Pico Bridge No. 1 Sta 254+156 1A-2 near Mormon Church Km. 5 70 70 36 13 47.25 43 24 10 30 26.75 Bridge at Sta 256+156 near 2 33 36 12 6 21.75 52 21 17 8 24.5 Benguet Prov. Capitol Km. 6, LTB Bridge near Balili Brgy. Hall/Health 3 47 26 22 10 26.25 44 11 50 7 28 Center, Km 5, LTB BSU comp Housing near Balili 3A 20 36 34 13 25.75 30 21 11 12 18.5 Day Care Center 4 Pines Park Bridge, Km. 4, LTB 43 148 23 46 65 64 24 14 6 27 Convergence of 5a and 6, Bell 5 Church Entrance 70 83 80 25 64.5 103 63 20 14 50 Source: EMB-CAR, note: No data for 2017 TDS based on DAO-2016-08

Other Rivers and Creeks

The hilly areas of Ampasit and Longlong in the western part of La Trinidad provides a catchment basin of water that supply the Wangal river, which drains northward and joined by various tributaries along the left bank. The Wangal River eventually makes a conflux with the tributaries at Sadiatan in the lower Wangal area and changes its direction to the east, to become a tributary of the Gayasey River, then finally drains northeast to join the Balili River.

Surface run-off from the slopes of Busol Watershed in the eastern part of La Trinidad are drained by Guitley Creek at the Northern portion which drains off into the Lubas creek and Ambiong North creek at the southern portion. Various tributaries supply the Golon Creek at the central watershed area which flows downstream to Balili River but become dry during the dry season. Both the Lubas Creek and Ambiong North Creek pour out directly into the Balili River that flows northward from the confluence with Ambiong South creek to be later joined by the Tawang Creek along the Watercourse.

Meanwhile, the formation of gentle slopes at the north central part of the municipality can be observed to extend from Cruz to Alapang, Bahong and finally to Alno. These slopes provide a catchment basin drained by several creeks that abound its vicinities. Into the west, flows the Peril Creek and part the Alno creek, while the creeks of Alapang, Bahong, Bahong the creeks of Alapang, Bahong and part of Alno each flow eastward and eventually drain off into the Payung River. The water from Alapang creek comes from the Balili River through the seepage at the Bahong cave (Dinog Cave).

At the southern part of the municipality rises Mt. Pico (Piripin Bato) where the water run-off from its slopes flows northward to form the creeks of Bayabas, Pico and Puguis. The confluence of these creeks forms the bolo creek which also reaches out into the Balili River. The creeks and rivers nevertheless, do not entirely depend on the surface run-off which ceases to flow during the dry season. River water is also largely contributed by various geological structures. Water would still flow out from different rivers and creeks during the dry months of February and March from various sources and types of geological structures namely: 1) Limestone supplies Balili river and Alapang Creek with water that come from Pico mountain, Tawang, Lubas, Puguis, Baguio district and La Trinidad Valley: 2) Conglomerates- supplies the Wangal river, Bolo creek and Bodiweng Creek with the water from Longlong, Timoy,

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Sadiatan range and Bineng Spring: 3) Agglomerates- supplies Ambiong North creek with water from the Busol and Ambiong mountains: and 4) Andesitic Sediment- supplies Peril Creek with water from Bagto range.

Other creeks of less determined characteristics also exist and flow into the Balili river such as the Bodiweng and Bineng creeks.

Bodies of Water

Climate

Seasonal changes in the municipality are typical of the first type of climate under the Coronas Classification System, with rainy days from May to October followed by the dry spells from November to April.

Climatologically Normal (1971-2000) RAIN Mean # of TEMPERATURE ºC Vapor Relative Wind Cloud Days w/ Days w/ FALL Sea Rainy M Dry Wet Dew Humidity Lev el Speed Cov er Thunder Month (mm) Min Mean Pressure Direction Lightning Day s ax Bulb Bulb Pt. % Pressure mps (octal) storm

Jan 12.1 3 23 13 18 17 15.1 14 15.9 83 1012 SE 2 5 0 0

Feb 11.7 2 24 13 18.6 18 15.5 14.3 16.3 81 1011 SE 2 4 1 0

Mar 29.3 4 25 14 19.7 19 16.5 15.2 17.3 80 1011 SE 2 5 2 1

Apr 92.3 9 26 16 20.7 20 17.8 16.7 19 82 1009 SE 2 5 9 4

May 355.4 19 25 16 20.7 20 18.2 17.4 19.9 87 1008 SE 2 6 18 12

Jun 436.6 21 24 17 20.5 20 18.2 17.5 20 88 1007 SE 2 7 16 11

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Jul 838.4 26 23 16 19.8 19 17.9 17.3 19.8 91 1006 SE 2 7 15 9

Aug 911.8 27 23 16 19.3 19 7.7 17.2 19.7 93 1006 NW 2 7 12 6

Sept 581.2 24 24 16 19.7 19 17.7 17.1 19.5 90 1007 SE 2 7 15 8

Oct 461.8 17 24 16 19.8 19 17.6 16.8 19.2 87 1008 SE 2 6 8 6

Nov 124.6 8 24 15 19.5 19 16.9 15.9 18.1 84 1009 SE 2 5 3 2

Dec 23.7 5 23 14 18.6 18 15.7 14.6 16.5 82 1010 SE 2 5 1 0

ANNUAL 3,879 165 24 15 19.6 19 17.1 16.2 18.4 86 1009 SE 2 6 100 59 Source : PAGASA, Station :328 Baguio-Benguet ; Latitude : 16 25’N ; Longitude : 120 36’E ; Elevation 1500m

Rainfall

Data from the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) shows that due to the La Niña and El Niño Phenomena, we experienced lower annual rainfall compared to the 30-year average from 1971 to 2000 and the previous years to the rainfall in 2012, with 111 mm of annual rainfall. In 2018, there were 175 rainy days wherein August was the rainiest month, and September the most humid at 96%. The months of March and December were the least humid at 81%. The average wind speed is at 173 mps. And there were 96 days with thunderstorm and 135 days with drizzle.

Temperature

Generally, La Trinidad has a perpetually cool and invigorating temperature. The relatively cool temperature, at a mean average of 19.66◦C which is due to local wind circulation and mountain breeze, where the months of January and February being the coldest months; and April, May and June, the warmest months. The average minimum temperature was at 15.36◦C and the average maximum temperature was at 23.45◦C in 2018. The average minimum temperature for the last 5 years is at 14.72oC and the maximum temperature averaged to 24.41oC.

Climatological Data 2014-2018 RAINFALL # of TEMPERATURE ºC Vapor Relative Wind Cloud Days w/ Days w/ MONTH/ Rainy Dry Wet Dew Humidity Speed Cover Thunder YEAR (mm) Max Min Mean Pressure Direction Drizzle Days Bulb Bulb Pt. % (mps) (octas) storm 2014 2860 198 23 15 15 19 18 17 20 89 108 11 6 103 63 2015 4901.10 154 25.7 13.7 19.8 18.96 17.32 16.46 20.8 86 1009 181 17 59 180 2016 2,973.3 204 26.18 13.97 19.64 19.44 17.89 17.12 19.61 86.50 108 112 5.25 97 82 2017 2,741.90 172 23.71 15.61 19.66 19.12 17.78 17.2 19.62 87.67 - - - 96 96 2018 Jan 15.2 5 23.3 14.9 19.1 18.5 16.3 15.1 17.03 82 1008.8 90 12 5 0 Feb 1.2 1 24.2 14.3 19.2 18.4 16.5 15.6 18.17 83 1009.9 0 0 4 0 Mar 5.8 3 24.4 13.8 19.1 18.7 16.6 15.5 18.17 81 1009.1 0 0 4 1 Apr 204 17 24.3 15.9 20.1 19.6 18 17.2 19.37 87 1008.4 0 0 5 10

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May 283.2 25 24.9 16.9 20.9 20.4 19 18.3 20.62 88 1007.9 0 0 5 27 Jun 552.60 25 22.5 16.6 19.6 19.63 18.5 18.1 19.37 93 1005.8 0 0 9 13 Jul 1002.5 26 22.1 16.3 19.2 18.9 18.2 17.9 20.62 93 1004 250 19 9 10

Aug 1822.6 29 20.6 16.3 18.5 18.5 18 17.7 0 94 1004.6 220 20 5 18 Sep 1219.6 21 23.1 15.8 19.5 19.2 18.2 17.8 20.62 96 1005 220 28 22 8 Oct 268.6 14 23.6 15.3 19.5 19.2 17.8 17.2 19.37 92 1008.3 180 22 26 11 Nov 17.8 2 24.6 14.1 19.4 19.2 17 15.9 18.17 88 1010.1 110 10 23 0 Dec 22.8 7 23.8 14.1 18.9 18.8 16.6 15.5 18.17 81 1010.1 140 10 18 0 Annual / 5415.9 175 23.45 15.36 19.42 19.09 17.56 16.82 17.47 88 1008 173 17 135 98 Ave.

Monthly Rainfall (2010-2018) Rainfall 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 (mm) January trace 94 1.4 11.4 0 11.3 5.2 39.9 15.2 February trace 13.8 2.5 268 0 7.3 4.2 71.5 1.2 March 15.3 88.9 2.6 63.6 5.9 57.1 9.4 4.7 5.8 April 148.6 11.9 1.7 70.3 126.3 121.8 82 61.3 204 May 242.6 462.5 11.2 338.7 213 245.5 213.3 570.1 283.2 June 254 529.1 15.6 232.8 401.7 282.5 176.3 208.5 552.60 July 543.7 435.9 18.8 368.2 449.2 1493.9 426.8 751.0 1002.5 August 536.6 1096.3 44.8 1220.4 527.9 1031.6 955.6 449.6 1822.6 Sept. 296.8 819.2 9.2 590.1 980.4 263 412.1 206.9 1219.6 October 920.1 332.4 2.1 240 107.1 1212 583.20 230.0 268.6 November 226.4 81.6 1.33 ND 39.20 8 23.2 120.0 17.8 December 57.4 67.4 0.1 23.6 9.5 167.1 82 28.4 22.8

Comparative Monthly Minimum Temperature (°C), 2010-2018 Month 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Jan 12.2 12.3 13.1 12.4 10.6 10.6 10.8 13.1 14.9 Feb 12.6 12.6 13.6 13.4 12.5 9.8 11.2 12.8 14.3 March 12.4 13.5 15.2 15.0 13.9 12.7 13 14.7 13.8 April 14.6 14.1 15.6 16.2 15.9 14.5 15.2 15.9 15.9 May 15.0 15.5 16.2 16.4 16.6 15.6 16 16.9 16.9 June 15.6 15.5 17.3 16.6 16.5 15.8 15.4 17.0 16.6 July 15.2 15.2 17.0 15.9 16.1 14.5 15.2 16.5 16.3 Aug 15.2 15.3 17.0 15.7 16.0 14.4 15.2 16.6 16.3

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Sept 14.8 15.1 17.5 15.8 16.1 15.2 15 16.7 15.8 Oct 13.4 14.8 15.1 14.7 15.8 15.6 14.6 16.2 15.3 Nov 14.2 14.8 13.1 ND 15.1 13.5 13 16.1 14.1 Dec 12.2 14.3 13.2 14.4 14.6 12.8 13 14.8 14.1 Average 14.0 14.4 15.3 15.1 15 13.75 13.97 15.61 14.9

Comparative Monthly Maximum Temperature (°C) (2010-2018) Month 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Jan 24.8 22.8 22.4 23.7 20.9 24.6 25.5 22.6 23.3 Feb 26.4 23.7 22 25.5 22.4 26 24.2 22.1 24.2 March 28.2 24.4 22.7 25.5 24.1 27.2 26.2 24.4 24.4 April 22.8 25.7 22 26.8 24.4 27.6 28.2 25.0 24.3 May 27.6 25 22.9 25.1 25.0 26.4 27.2 24.6 24.9 June 27.8 23.6 22.8 24.4 23.5 26.2 26.2 25.5 22.5 July 26.4 22.3 22 24.1 22.8 25 26.4 23.3 22.1 Aug 25.8 22.6 20.4 22.3 22.5 25.2 25.2 23.2 20.6 Sept 26.4 22.3 22.4 23.2 23.2 25.4 25.8 23.5 23.1 Oct 26 22.8 22.2 22.4 23.6 23 27 23.2 23.6 Nov 25 24 19.9 ND 24.1 25.6 26.2 23.9 24.6 Dec 27.2 23.8 20.6 23 23.5 26.4 26.4 23.5 23.8 Average 26.2 23.58 21.9 24.9 23 25.72 26.18 23.73 23.45 Source: PAGASA

Climate projections in 2020 and 2050 in Benguet

The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) projection under the medium range emission scenario show that expectedly, temperature and rainfall will change. Heavy daily rainfall will continue to become more frequent, extreme rainfall is projected to increase in Luzon and Visayas only, but number of dry days is expected to increase in all parts of the country in 2020 and 2050. Table below show the trend of change in temperature and rainfall in 2020 and 2050 in Benguet Province.

Seasonal Temperature Increases (in oC) in 2020 and 2050 OBSERVED Baseline CHANGE in 2020 CHANGE in 2050 (1971-2000) (2006-2035) (2036-2065) DJF MAM JJA SON DJF MAM JJA SON DJF MAM JJA SON Benguet 19.4 21.9 22.0 21.20 0.9 1.0 0.8 1.0 2.0 2.1 1.7 1.9 Source: PAGASA

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Seasonal Rainfall change (in %) in 2020 and 2050 OBSERVED Baseline CHANGE in 2020 CHANGE in 2050 (1971-2000) (2006-2035) (2036-2065) DJF MAM JJA SON DJF MAM JJA SON DJF MAM JJA SON Benguet 47.7 422.3 1734.9 931.8 8.0 0.2 31.6 21.7 -6.0 -26.7 63.1 21.8 Source: PAGASA

PROJECTED CLIMATE CHANGES IN 2020 AND 2050 UNDER MEDIUM-RANGE EMISSION SCENARIO IN BENGUET PROVINCE

Projected Seasonal Temperature Increases ( in °C) YEAR/MONTH djf mam jja son Remarks 2020 20.3 22.9 22.08 22.2 increase in temperature throughout the years

2050 21.4 24 23.7 23.1 DJF TEMP SLIGHTLY LOWER THAN THE REST OF the other months

Projected Rainfall Change (in %) YEAR/MONTH djf mam jja son Remarks 2020 51.52 423.14 2,283.13 1,134.00 increase in rainfall throughout the years monsoon season will have heavier rains 2050 44.84 309.55 2,829.62 1,134.93 decrease in rainfall during the dry season, increase in rainfall during the wet season drier dry season, wetter wet season

Projected Frequency of extreme events YEAR no. of days with Tmax>35 REMARKS baseline 0 2020 0 No days with Tmax>35 2050 0 YEAR no. of dry days REMARKS baseline 30 2020 20 decreasing # of dry days 2050 30 increasing # of dry days YEAR no of days w/ rainfall >300 mm REMARKS baseline 29 more days w/ rainfall >300 mm but lesser in 2050 than 2020 39 2020 2050 35 Source: MPDO projections

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Air Quality

Except for the valley floor area, air quality in the municipality is characterized as generally fair, below the Total Suspended Particle (TSP) standard of 230 µg/Ncm. In the urban area, sand, dust and smoke emissions are the primary pollutants. The heavy volume of traffic contributes to heavy amounts of carbon monoxide and particulates. In the rural areas, unpaved roads are the main source of dust and sand particles.

Air quality monitoring device stationed at the Municipal Park and at the Capitol grounds, shows that on the average, the air quality deteriorated to a generally fair condition compared to that of the past years’ monitoring results which has an average of good condition. Monitoring results in 2015 to 2018 (tabulated below) showed a consistent generally fair to good air quality. With fair air condition, there is still a risk for sensitive people with asthma and similar lung problems. Heavy traffic conditions causing smoke emissions at this places, and the dust, due to the dry weather, make s the air quality unhealthy to sensitive groups.

Air Quality Monitoring Results, 2015 Sampling Station : Municipal Park, Km. 5, Pico, La Trinidad, First Quarter of 2015 Meteorological Conditions Filter Net Weight Date and time of Standard (sunny, fair and cloudy, etc.) PM10 Air Quality Paper of particles sampling Volume (m3) Temperature Ambient (ug/m3) Index Number (mg) (0C) Condition 2-17-15 to 2-18-15 15-12 1.6702 21.28 21.9 Fair 79 Fair @ 12:33 p.m. Sampling Station : Provincial Capitol, Km. 6, La Trinidad, First Quarter of 2015 2-16-15 to 2-17-15 15-11 2.5333 21.17 24.9 Fair 121 Fair @ 10:43 a.m. Sampling Station : Municipal Park, Km. 5, Pico, La Trinidad, Second Quarter of 2015 5-11-15 to 5-12-15 15-27 1.5218 21.32 24.8 Cloudy 71 Fair @ 11:10 a.m. Source: EMB-CAR

Air Quality Monitoring Results, 2016 Sampling Station : Municipal Park, Km. 5, Pico, La Trinidad Net Meteorological Conditions PM10 Date and Filter Weight Standard (sunny, fair and cloudy, Air (ug/m3) Quarter time of Paper of Volume etc.) Quality sampling Number particles (m3) Temp. Ambient Index

(mg) (0C) Condition April 26, 2nd PM 16- 2016: 12:11 2.3924 20.77 22.1 Fair 115 Fair Quarter 07 pm-April 27,

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2016 12:11 p.m. July 20, 2016: 11:45 3rd PM 16- Intermittent Rain a.m. – July 1.0651 20.75 22.6 53 Good Quarter 26 Shower 21, 2016: 11:45 a.m. Oct. 12, 2016:11:33 4th PM 16- a.m.- Oct. 0.951 20.68 22.4 Cloudy 46 Good Quarter 47 13, 2016 11:33 a.m. Sampling Station : Provincial Capitol, Km. 6, La Trinidad April 25, 2016: 9:31 2nd PM 16- am – April 2.1639 20.59 25 Fair 105 Fair Quarter 06 26, 2016: 9:31 a.m. July 19, 2016: 10:22 3rd PM 16- a.m. – July 1.7022 20.8 21.6 Fair 82 Fair Quarter 25 20, 2016: 10:22 a.m. Oct. 11, 2016: 10:26 4th PM 16- a.m. – Oct. 1.1077 20.7 22 Intermittent Rain 54 Good Quarter 46 12, 2016: 10:26 a.m. Source: EMB-CAR

Air Quality Index, 2017 and 2018 Year 2017 2018 Total Suspended Total Suspended Sampling Station Particles Air Quality Index Particles Air Quality Index (ug/Ncm)/PM10 (ug/Ncm)/PM10 Km. 6 provincial Hall, La Trinidad 1st Quarter 56 51 Good 103 75 Moderate 2nd Quarter 72 59 Moderate 125 86 Moderate 3rd Quarter 49 45 Good 55 51 Good 4th Quarter 95 71 Moderate 124 85 Moderate Km. 5, Municipal Ground, La Trinidad 1st Quarter 59 53 Good 85 66 Moderate 2nd Quarter 68 57 Moderate 53 49 Good 3rd Quarter 51 47 Good 25 23 Good 4th Quarter 72 59 Moderate 65 56 Moderate Source: EMB-CAR

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Natural Hazards

Geologic Hazards

Fault-lines - Mines and Geo-Sciences Bureau - DENR survey mapping indicates that the municipality is vulnerable to geologic hazards. This is attributed to the presence of active fault lines along the branches of the northern segment of the Philippine fault line zone which triggers seismic movements of the fault splays within the municipality. Due to the active and extreme rainfall climate make it highly vulnerable to geologic hazards such as landslides, erosions Philippine Fault Zone traverses the municipality, it is p robable that it would experience movement due to sudden slips along the fault lines influencing the area in addition to its rugged terrain, geologic composition and ground movements.

Major tectonic faults identified in the Cordillera Region include the Mirador Fault and systems of faulting to the east and west of the municipality. The Mirador Fault is theoretically capable of producing an earthquake of a magnitude of about 6.5 which is equivalent to the energy release of an atomic bomb. The fault line in La Trinidad comes from the southeast passing through Poblacion following the Bolo Creek towards the northwest. Several fault lines have been observed within the area. They are generally oriented in the north-northwest directions, trending essentially parallel to the Luzon Central Cordillera (Diegor, 1979).

The two most notable splays of the Philippine Fault Zone (PFZ) affecting the area are the Digdig Fault that is located east of Benguet and extends to Nueva Viscaya and the Tuba River Fault that passes through Camp 1, Tuba, Benguet and extends towards La Union Province. The other splays of importance are the Tebbo Fault

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located south of Benguet and the Pugo Fault passing through west central La Union. La Trinidad is traversed by four (4) inactive minor faults as reported by Philvocs. These faults though said to be inactive can move and damage facilities and homes when the two major faults (San Jose Fault and the Digdig fault) will move as a cause of a major earthquake. In July 16, 1990 at 4:26 p.m., an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.8 in the Richter scale shook Luzon, wrecking havoc from Nueva Ecija to Benguet. This was caused by a sudden slip along the Digdig Fault in north Central Luzon. A 125-km stretch length of the fault ruptured, with displacement averaging 4 meters. An estimated 1,621 people were killed in the earthquake. Most of the fatalities were located in Central Luzon and the Cordillera Region where La Trinidad is located. Properties, infrastructures were also damaged during the 1990 Earthquake. Years after, La Trinidad has recovered and now proud of its restored heritage.

Landslides/Erosions - The municipality’s rugged topography, geologic composition and extreme rainfall climate makes it highly vulnerable to geologic hazards such as landslides, erosions, ground movements, etc. Latest studies conducted by the Mines and Geo-Sciences Bureau shows that the municipality is susceptible to landslides especially in areas where slopes are steep where residential developments occurred. These highly susceptible areas are found in Pico, Balili, Ambiong, Tawang, Bineng, Puguis, and Wangal.

In recent experience of continuous rainfall from typhoons Ondoy and Pepeng in 2009, massive landslides occurred in barangays Puguis, Poblacion, and Beckel claiming many precious lives, and destroying homes. In areas along the waterways, many farm lots were destroyed and carried off by the floodwaters. Considering the hazardous characteristic of the municipality, much care must be taken in considering future deve lopments in order to protect lives, property, and the livelihood of the farmers.

Poblacion, Puguis, and Beckel are the most affected barangays during the storm. This resulted to destruction of farmlands especially in the areas along the waterways. Around 51 families were affected in Barangay Poblacion and over twenty (20) people died. Of the 155 families affected in Little Kibungan, Puguis, nearly a hundred people died. Less than ten (10) people also died in Barangay Beckel. The Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) recommended that these areas will not be habitable due to the hazard.

Puguis Landslide (Little Kibungan) 2009

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Buyagan, Poblacion

Rockfall/Subsidence

Based on actual survey and/mapping on disaster experienced in the Municipality, shown below are actual location of rock falls located along km 3, ground subsidence and location of big landslides within barangay Puguis and Poblacion, during the typhoon Ondoy and Pepeng. The said areas where there are occurrences of Rockfall and ground subsidence was based on MGB report. Settlements and/or development are being discouraged.

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Continuous monitoring and strict implementation of the Zoning Ordinance, Zoning Compliance and National Building Code is important to minimize and mitigate disaster in said areas.

Subsidence occur in some parts of the Municipality due to its soil and bedrock formation. Sinkhole locations were identified by the Mines and Geo-Sciences Bureau as shown on the map. Most of the sinkholes are located in barangay, Balili, Tawang, and Lubas where the resettlement area is located as reported by the Survey Team of the MGB and representatives of the Local Government of Las Trinidad. As advised by the concerned agency, no structures should be built above sinkhole areas and shall be proposed as open space s.

Flooding

The natural drainage of the La Trinidad valley area is the Balili River. During strong rains, the Balili River and its tributaries are filled up with silt coming from the erosion of slopes from the mountainsides, which causes the water bodies to swell and flood the valley area and along the banks of the Balili River and its tributaries downstream. Drainage facilities along the highway in the urban area consist of manhole drop inlets with interceptors that cross the roadway. Existing underground drainage system, curbs and gutters are also found along the national road, inefficient in conveying run-offs from the adjoining residential and commercial areas towards the Balili River during periods of small rainfall.

During periods of heavy rainfall, the valley floor, most especially in the strawberry farms of Betag and Poblacion experience flooding. In the outskirts of the valley, swelling of the tributaries of the Balili River cause flooding in farmlands, and destruction of properties. In 2009, when La Trinidad was hit by Typhoon Pepeng and Ondoy, about 33 families were affected by flooding in Barangay Pico specifically at Toyong. More or less 10 families were affected

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in Barangay Balili due to overflowing of the Balili River. Some were also flooded at Barangay Poblacion due to siltation of drainages.

Flooding @ Pico and Swamp Area (Betag)

Flood Susceptibility Map

Drainage Canals should be well maintained especially during rainy season. Additional drainages should be constructed. Waterways should also be maintained in agricultural areas. River easements should be observed. Construction of buildings/shelters in areas identified to be highly susceptible to landslides/erosions/rockfall are highly discouraged to protect lives as well as livelihood of people.

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CHAPTER III

Population and Social Profile

Population Growth, 1903-2015

Over the past century, the population growth rate in the municipality has always been very high compared to the whole country. This is due to the high rate of in-migration into the municipality. This attraction to stay in La Trinidad is due to comparatively higher socio-economic opportunities than its neighboring municipalities, and because of Baguio City’s spill over population.

In the last 2015 Population Census of the Philippine Statistics Authority, the population of La Trinidad was 129,133 persons, growing at an annual rate of 3.79%. In the previous census year 2010, the population was 107,188 with 26,717 households. The previous growth rate from 1995-2000, was at 1.51%, while the past growth rates of the municipality showed a growth rate of more than 4% since the 1970’s. The most recent computed annual growth rate from 2010 to 2015 is 3.79%.

Projected population for year 2018 is 144,402 persons with 38,000 households. Efforts have to be made to address issues relative to high population growth which is most probably due to high in-migration rates that will put more pressure for the government in the provision of goods and services.

Population Growth, 1903 -2015

140000 129133

120000 107188

100000 97810

80000 67963 63089 60000 48523

40000 28713 18551 22732 20000 12415 6554 7994 267 3013 0 Census Year 1903 1918 1930 1948 1960 1970 1975 1980 1990 1995 2000 2007 2010 2015 Growth Rate 17.5 6.5 1.1 3.7 4.1 4.1 4.8 5.39 5.39 1.51 5.34 3.10 3.79

The barangays of Pico, Balili, and Poblacion are the most populated barangays. Tawang is the fourth most populated followed by Puguis and Betag. Bineng, Alno, Beckel, are the least populated barangays. The expansion of economic activities in the more populated barangays of Pico, Betag, Balili, Puguis, and Poblacion is pus hing the people of La Trinidad to situate themselves in the less urbanized areas. In fact, in terms of population growth rates, Betag exhibits the highest population growth rate, at 7.27%, followed by Alno. Barangays Wangal, Ambiong, Lubas,

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and Tawang have in recent years, also become new residential areas. Recent census results show that all barangays had over 1% average growth rate indicating even faster population growth.

Population Growth Rate by Barangay and Municipal (1990-2015) INTERCENSAL GROWTH RATE Average

BRGY/YEAR GROWTH 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2007 2007-2010 2010-2015/r RATES

Alapang 6.8 0.69 4.02 4.77 1.43 3.54 Alno 3.4 4.47 0.76 3.96 7.10 3.94 Ambiong 2.5 4.61 7.72 6.74 2.16 4.75 Bahong 2 0.22 4.18 6.5 1.45 2.87 Balili 8.6 0.79 8.48 -1.31 3.34 3.98 Beckel 3.7 1.01 2.56 -0.86 2.56 1.79 Betag 2.8 -0.74 1.57 3.25 7.27 2.83 Bineng 5.9 3.92 0.39 4.26 1.78 3.25 Cruz 10.3 -0.92 1.83 5.82 1.12 3.63 Lubas 10.3 4.03 5.78 6.7 3.12 5.99 Pico 3.7 1.02 6.03 3.3 4.97 3.80 Poblacion 4.2 2.42 5.79 -0.1 4.49 3.36 Puguis 4 0.21 6.31 3.02 4.76 3.66 Shilan 2.7 0.45 2.64 8.19 2.22 3.24 Tawang 7.8 6.87 3.91 5.81 3.87 5.65 Wangal 10.2 3.11 9.58 5.17 3.90 6.39 Municipal 5.39 1.5/r 5.34/r 3.10 3.79 2.46 Source: NSO, MPDO computations, /r: revised from previous computations

Due to its distance from the center, Bineng and Alno, have been slow growing barangays. While Bahong, is growing faster, converting its gardens to residential lots as experienced by Ambiong in the recent years. Shilan, likewise growing faster, and being the gateway to the north, is the next expansion area for commercial and residential activities.

Computed at a growth rate of 3.79%, population projections show that the municipality will reach the 150,000 mark by year 2020. Pico (using its own growth rate) is also expected to reach over 29,000 in that same year.

Ecological Profile 2018

Population, Census years 1975-2015 BARANGAY/ 1975 1980 1990 1995 2000 2007 2010 2015 CENSUS YR Alapang 938 1,058 1,887 2,665 2,752 3,627 4,171 4,477 Alno 954 886 1,177 1,408 1,727/c 1,821 2,046 2,883 Ambiong 708 894 2,245 2,543 3,139 5,282 6,423 7,149 Bahong 1,490 1,514 2,660 2,969 3,000 3,997 4,828 5,188 Balili 2,099 3,031 5,856 9,122 9,463 16,734 16,086 18,962 Beckel 1,514 1,725 2,338 2,833 2,969 3,544 3,453 3,918 Betag 2,026 2,296 4,992 5,789 5,591 6,235 6,863 9,747 Bineng 590 669 810 1,067 1,277 1,312 1,487 1,624 Cruz 927 1,140 1,617 2,730 2,615 2,970 3,519 3,721 Lubas 629 842 1,509 2,582 3,105 4,602 5,591 6,159 Pico 4,097 5,342 8,661 10,497 11,005 16,577 18,271 23,282 Poblacion 2,563 3,427 5,213 6,411 7,167 10,627 10,594 13,196 Puguis 1,366 2,061 3,424 4,228 4,269 6,551 7,163 9,038 Shilan 1,520 1,817 2,422 2,789 2,848 3,419 4,330 4,833 Tawang 638 1,202 2,361 3,529 4,813 6,294 7,456 9,014 Wangal 673 809 1,144 1,927 2,223 4,218 4,907 5,942 Municipal 22,732 28,713 48,326 63,089 67,963/c 97,810 107,188 129,133 Source: NSO, /c: corrected;

Estimated Population by Barangay (2016-2026)

/r Population PROJECTED POPULATION Barangay 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026

Alapang 4,477 4,541 4,606 4,672 4,739 4,806 4,875 4,945 5,016 5,087 5,160 5,234

Alno 2,883 3,088 3,307 3,542 3,793 4,062 4,351 4,660 4,991 5,345 5,725 6,131

Ambiong 7,149 7,303 7,461 7,622 7,787 7,955 8,127 8,303 8,482 8,665 8,852 9,043

Bahong 5,188 5,263 5,340 5,417 5,496 5,575 5,656 5,738 5,821 5,906 5,991 6,078

Balili 18,962 19,595 20,250 20,926 21,625 22,347 23,094 23,865 24,662 25,486 26,337 27,217

Beckel 3,918 4,018 4,121 4,227 4,335 4,446 4,560 4,676 4,796 4,919 5,045 5,174

Betag 9,747 9,920 10,097 10,277 10,460 10,646 10,835 11,028 11,225 11,424 11,628 11,835

Bineng 1,624 1,742 1,869 2,005 2,150 2,307 2,474 2,654 2,847 3,054 3,276 3,514

Cruz 3,721 3,763 3,805 3,847 3,891 3,934 3,978 4,023 4,068 4,113 4,159 4,206

Lubas 6,159 6,279 6,402 6,526 6,654 6,783 6,916 7,051 7,188 7,328 7,471 7,617

Ecological Profile 2018

Pico 23,282 24,439 25,654 26,929 28,267 29,672 31,147 32,695 34,320 36,025 37,816 39,695

Poblacion 13,196 13,789 14,408 15,055 15,730 16,437 17,175 17,946 18,752 19,594 20,473 21,393

Puguis 9,038 9,468 9,919 10,391 10,886 11,404 11,947 12,515 13,111 13,735 14,389 15,074

Shilan 4,833 4,940 5,050 5,162 5,277 5,394 5,514 5,636 5,761 5,889 6,020 6,153

Tawang 9,014 9,363 9,725 10,102 10,492 10,899 11,320 11,758 12,213 12,686 13,177 13,687

Wangal 5,942 6,174 6,415 6,665 6,925 7,195 7,475 7,767 8,070 8,384 8,711 9,051

Total 129,133 134,034 139,121 144,402 149,882 155,571 161,475 167,604 173,965 180,568 187,421 194,535 Source of basic data: NSO Census 2015, MPDO, /r: revised from previous computations

Households by Barangay

Census results in 2010 and 2015 show that there were 26,717 households in 2010 and 34,157 in 2015. More or less 28% increase was computed. Barangay Bineng with the least population has also the least number of households while Barangay Pico, the most populated Barangay has also the most number of households.

Households by Barangay, 2010 and 2015 YEAR NO. OF HOUSEHOLDS BARANGAY 2010 2015 Alapang 885 1,025 Alno 425 657 Ambiong 1,551 1,803 Bahong 1,011 1,158 Balili 4,622 5,728 Beckel 807 875 Betag 2,216 3,650 Bineng 302 336 Cruz 883 895 Lubas 1,297 1,542 Pico 4,685 6,297 Poblacion 2,488 3,185 Puguis 1,907 2,328 Shilan 863 1,137 Tawang 1,661 2,115 Wangal 1,114 1,426 MUNICIPAL 26,717 34,157 Source: PSA

Ecological Profile 2018

Estimated number of Households by Barangay

It is estimated that there are about 38,000 households of La Trinidad in 2018 computed using the municipal average household size of 3.80. Projection of the number of households by barangay and by year was revised based on new data from the PSA.

Estimated Number of Households by Barangay (2016-2024) BRGY/YEAR 2015/c 2016r 2017/r 2018/r 2019/r 2020/r 2021/r 2022/r 2023/r 2024/r Alapang 1,025 1,195 1,212 1,229 1,247 1,265 1,283 1,301 1,319 1,338 Alno 657 813 870 932 998 1,069 1,145 1,226 1,313 1,407 Ambiong 1,803 1,922 1,964 2,006 2,050 2,094 2,139 2,186 2,233 2,281 Bahong 1,158 1,385 1,405 1,425 1,446 1,467 1,488 1,510 1,532 1,554 Balili 5,728 5,157 5,329 5,508 5,692 5,882 6,079 6,282 6,492 6,709 Beckel 875 1,057 1,084 1,112 1,141 1,170 1,200 1,231 1,262 1,294 Betag 336 2,751 2,951 3,166 3,396 3,643 3,908 4,192 4,496 4,823 Bineng 3,650 435 443 451 459 467 475 483 492 501 Cruz 895 990 1,001 1,013 1,024 1,035 1,047 1,059 1,071 1,083 Lubas 1,542 1,652 1,685 1,718 1,751 1,785 1,820 1,856 1,892 1,929 Pico 6,297 6,642 7,201 7,807 8,464 9,176 9,948 10,785 11,693 12,677 Poblacion 3,185 3,736 4,020 4,326 4,654 5,008 5,388 5,797 6,238 6,711 Puguis 2,328 2,492 2,610 2,734 2,865 3,001 3,144 3,293 3,450 3,614 Shilan 1,137 1,300 1,329 1,359 1,389 1,420 1,451 1,483 1,516 1,550 Tawang 2,115 2,464 2,559 2,658 2,761 2,868 2,979 3,094 3,214 3,338 Wangal 1,426 1,625 1,688 1,754 1,822 1,894 1,967 2,044 2,124 2,207 Municipal 34,157 35,272 36,611 38,000 39,443 40,940 42,494 44,106 45,780 47,518 Source: MPDO Estimates, /r: revised based on new data, /c: corrected from new data

Barangay Density & Population

The municipal population density in 2000 was 8 persons per hectare and this increased to 13 persons per hectare in 2010. In 2015, population density is at 16 persons per hectare. This means that over the past 25 years, population density doubled. Average household size is still 4 persons. The densest barangays are Balili and Poblacion. The least dense barangays are Alno, Bineng, Beckel, and Wangal.

Comparative Population Density (1990 -2015, Census Years) YEAR POPULATION DENSITY (persons per square km) BARANGAY 1990/c 1995/c 2000/c 2007/c 2010 2015 Alapang 9.38 13.24 13.68 18.03 21 22

Ecological Profile 2018

Alno 1.23 1.47 1.80 1.90 2 3 Ambiong 6.56 7.44 9.18 15.44 19 21 Bahong 4.05 4.52 4.56 6.08 7 8 Balili 49.20 76.64 79.51 140.60 135 159 Beckel 2.46 2.98 3.12 3.73 4 4 Betag 31.81 36.89 35.63 39.73 44 62 Bineng 0.98 1.29 1.55 1.59 2 2 Cruz 28.70 48.16 46.13 52.39 62 66 Lubas 6.27 10.73 12.91 19.13 23 26 Pico 26.30 31.87 33.41 50.33 55 71 Poblacion 49.81 61.26 68.48 101.54 101 126 Puguis 3.35 4.14 4.18 6.41 7 9 Shilan 3.23 3.71 3.79 4.55 6 6 Tawang 9.54 14.25 19.44 25.42 30 36 Wangal 1.03 1.73 1.99 3.78 4 5 MUNICIPAL 5.98 7.81 8.41 12.11 13 16 *MPDO Computations; /c: corrected

Population by Sex and Age, Year 2000, 2007, 2010 and 2015

The young dependent group (0 to 14) is shrinking. This means that there is comparatively less young dependent population in year 2007 than in year 2000. In 2010, those between the ages of 0-4 years old, became even lesser as compared in 2007. In 2015, census revealed an opposite scenario with that in 2010 where ages 0-4 had the highest population.

From Census 2007, the general sex ratio was 96.36%. This means that for every 100 females, there are 96 males. In the CBMS census 2010, the ratio was 99, this means that there are 99 males for every 100 females. A ratio higher than 100 indicates that there is predominance of the male population in that group while less than 100 indicates a predominance of female population.

Thus, for the young age groups, 0-4, 5-9, and 10-14 years old, there are more males than females. Compared to the age groups of 15 -19, 20-24, 25-29, where there are more females than males. For ages 30 to 44, there are again more males than females. The same is true for the age group, 55- 59. For the rest of the older age groups, there are more females than males.

In 2010, NSO Census results revealed that there are more age groups where one finds a predominance of males as compared to 2007. These consist of age groups 0-4, 5-9, 30-34, 35-39 and age groups between 40-44 years old. Comparing the result of the CBMS Survey result from that of the NSO Census in 2010, the sex ratio of the

Ecological Profile 2018

CBMS is at 99 which means that there is a nearly equal number of males to that of the females. NSO survey result show that there were 97 males for every 100 females.

Sex and Age Pyramid 2000,Age-Sex Pyramid2007, 2010, and 2015 2000

75-79 2007 2000 65-69

55-59

45-49 Female 35-39 Male

25-29

15-19

5-9

15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0

80+ 80+ Female Female 70-74 70-74 Male 2010 Male 2015 60-64 60-64 50-54 50-54 40-44 40-44 30-34 30-34

20-24 20-24

10-14 10-14

0-4 0-4 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 Population by Sex & Age Group 2007 Census Population (NS0) % to total Sex ratio Age Group Both Sexes Male Female Male Female 0-4 10,498 5,436 5,062 5.60% 5.21% 107.39 5-9 9,202 4,815 4,387 4.96% 4.52% 109.76 10-14 8,394 4,224 4,170 4.35% 4.29% 101.29 15-19 14,136 6,211 7,925 6.40% 8.16% 78.37 20-24 13,187 6,067 7,120 6.25% 7.33% 85.21 25-29 10,152 5,017 5,135 5.17% 5.29% 97.70 30-34 7,158 3,721 3,437 3.83% 3.54% 108.26 35-39 6,169 3,176 2,993 3.27% 3.08% 106.11 40-44 5,018 2,522 2,496 2.60% 2.57% 101.04 45-49 4,000 1,987 2,013 2.05% 2.07% 98.71 50-54 3,196 1,582 1,614 1.63% 1.66% 98.02 55-59 2,110 1,088 1,022 1.12% 1.05% 106.46 60-64 1,438 696 742 0.72% 0.76% 93.80

Ecological Profile 2018

65-69 1,038 516 522 0.53% 0.54% 98.85 70-74 669 298 371 0.31% 0.38% 80.32 75-79 335 155 200 0.16% 0.21% 77.50 80+ 413 154 259 0.16% 0.27% 59.46 Total 97,113 47,665 49,468 49% 51% 96.36 Source: Census 2007

Population by Age and Sex, 2010 and 2015, CBMS 2010 % to total 2015 % to total Age Sex Sex Both Both Group Male Female Male Female ratio Male Female Male Female Ratio Sexes Sexes 0-4 8732 4501 4231 5.06% 4.75% 106 9390 4808 4582 4.70% 4.48% 105

5-9 9323 4762 4561 5.35% 5.13% 104 8937 4624 4313 4.52% 4.22% 107

10-14 8410 4244 4166 4.77% 4.68% 102 8518 4322 4196 4.23% 4.10% 103

15-19 10506 4820 5686 5.42% 6.39% 85 13217 5708 7509 5.58% 7.35% 76

20-24 10909 5026 5883 5.65% 6.61% 85 13602 6030 7572 5.90% 7.41% 80

25-29 8614 4333 4281 4.87% 4.81% 101 10577 5243 5334 5.13% 5.22% 98

30-34 7089 3679 3410 4.13% 3.83% 108 8329 4236 4093 4.14% 4.00% 103

35-39 5538 2958 2580 3.32% 2.90% 114 7201 3664 3537 3.58% 3.46% 104

40-44 4946 2587 2359 2.91% 2.65% 110 5333 2747 2586 2.69% 2.53% 106

45-49 4242 2175 2067 2.44% 2.32% 105 4840 2419 2421 2.37% 2.37% 100

50-54 3502 1758 1744 1.98% 1.96% 101 3891 1919 1972 1.88% 1.93% 97

55-59 2534 1267 1267 1.42% 1.42% 100 2983 1474 1509 1.44% 1.48% 98

60-64 1795 895 900 1.01% 1.01% 99 2136 991 1145 0.97% 1.12% 87

65-69 1139 568 571 0.64% 0.64% 99 1453 683 770 0.67% 0.75% 89

70-74 798 362 436 0.41% 0.49% 83 807 341 466 0.33% 0.46% 73

75-79 459 201 258 0.23% 0.29% 78 541 244 297 0.24% 0.29% 82

80+ 454 173 281 0.19% 0.32% 62 467 146 321 0.14% 0.31% 45

Total 88,990 44,309 44,681 0.50 0.50 99 102,222 49,599 52,623 48.52% 51.48% 94 Source: CBMS 2010 and 2015

Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) census results in 2015 show that the population is dominated by age group 20- 24 with a total population of 16,793 (9,223 females and 7,520 males) resulting to a ratio of 105 males to that of a hundred females. This is followed by age group 15-19 with 16,542 (9,265 females and 7,277 males) or a ratio of

Ecological Profile 2018

102 males to 100 females. Generally, 2015 sex ratio is 103 males to 100 females compared to a 97 males to 100 females in 2010. Figures in 2010 and 2015 census years show a lesser number of males than that of the opposite sex.

Population by Age & Sex Group, Census 2010 and 2015, PSA 2010 Population by Age 2015 Population by Age Age Group % to total Group % to total group Total Male Female Male Female Total Male Female Male Female

0-4 11,096 5,737 5,359 0.52 0.48 12,039 6,189 5,850 0.51 0.49

5-9 10,542 5,514 5,028 0.52 0.48 11,696 5,962 5,734 0.51 0.49

10-14 9,728 4,858 4,870 0.50 0.50 11,010 5,568 5,442 0.51 0.49

15-19 12,387 5,724 6,663 0.46 0.54 16,542 7,277 9,265 0.44 0.56

20-24 13,017 6,042 6,975 0.46 0.54 16,793 7,570 9,223 0.45 0.55

25-29 10,833 5,322 5,511 0.49 0.51 12,808 6,374 6,434 0.50 0.50

30-34 8,776 4,442 4,334 0.51 0.49 10,640 5,351 5,289 0.50 0.50

35-39 7,124 3,662 3,462 0.51 0.49 8,695 4,439 4,256 0.51 0.49

40-44 6,298 3,215 3,083 0.51 0.49 6,708 3,436 3,272 0.51 0.49

45-49 5,112 2,524 2,588 0.49 0.51 5,982 2,977 3,005 0.50 0.50

50-54 4,028 1,987 2,041 0.49 0.51 4,875 2,422 2,453 0.50 0.50

55-59 2,855 1,425 1,430 0.50 0.50 3,752 1,806 1,946 0.48 0.52

60-64 1,969 952 1,017 0.48 0.52 2,781 1,321 1,460 0.48 0.52

65-69 1,229 563 666 0.46 0.54 1,732 814 918 0.47 0.53

70-74 854 394 460 0.46 0.54 1,019 424 595 0.42 0.58

75-79 476 207 269 0.43 0.57 692 290 402 0.42 0.58

80+ 494 174 320 0.35 0.65 596 191 405 0.32 0.68

Total 106,818 52,742 54,076 0.49 0.51 128,360 62,411 65,949 0.49 0.51 Source: PSA

Ecological Profile 2018

Population by Single Age, by Sex 2015

Results of the survey conducted under the Community Based Monitoring System (CBMS) in 2015 revealed that single age group 19 years old has the highest number with a percentage share of 3.18% while PSA data show that single age 20 has the highest population in 2015 representing 2.91% of the total household population.

Population by Single Age and Sex, 2015 by CBMS and PSA CBMS PSA Age Male % Female % Total Male % Female % Total under 1 1,247 0.50 1,227 0.50 2,474 1 971 0.5 986 0.5 1,957 1,298 0.53 1,157 0.47 2,455 2 969 0.53 870 0.47 1,839 1,212 0.51 1,150 0.49 2,362 3 1,035 0.53 922 0.47 1,957 1,237 0.52 1,148 0.48 2,385 4 890 0.5 900 0.5 1,790 1,195 0.51 1,168 0.49 2,363 5 943 0.51 904 0.49 1,847 1,176 0.50 1,196 0.50 2,372 6 963 0.52 890 0.48 1,853 1,219 0.52 1,137 0.48 2,356 7 920 0.52 866 0.48 1,786 1,199 0.50 1,182 0.50 2,381 8 947 0.51 902 0.49 1,849 1,147 0.50 1,141 0.50 2,288 9 906 0.52 843 0.48 1,749 1,221 0.53 1,078 0.47 2,299 10 888 0.52 812 0.48 1,700 1,102 0.50 1,092 0.50 2,194 11 893 0.51 852 0.49 1,745 1,101 0.50 1,086 0.50 2,187 12 872 0.51 853 0.49 1,725 1,157 0.52 1,072 0.48 2,229 13 848 0.5 856 0.5 1,704 1,058 0.49 1,083 0.51 2,141 14 853 0.5 843 0.5 1,696 1,150 0.51 1,109 0.49 2,259 15 856 0.52 792 0.48 1,648 1,213 0.50 1,213 0.50 2,426 16 919 0.5 924 0.5 1,843 1,380 0.45 1,701 0.55 3,081 17 1,001 0.45 1,240 0.55 2,241 1,556 0.43 2,069 0.57 3,625 18 1,167 0.41 1,697 0.59 2,864 1,572 0.42 2,169 0.58 3,741 19 1,386 0.43 1,869 0.57 3,255 1,556 0.42 2,113 0.58 3,669 20 1,235 0.41 1,779 0.59 3,014 1,640 0.43 2,208 0.57 3,848 21 1,363 0.42 1,859 0.58 3,222 1,526 0.45 1,841 0.55 3,367 22 1,282 0.45 1,558 0.55 2,840 1,539 0.45 1,891 0.55 3,430 23 1,175 0.45 1,463 0.55 2,638 1,466 0.46 1,732 0.54 3,198 24 1,123 0.44 1,438 0.56 2,561 1,399 0.47 1,551 0.53 2,950 25 1,087 0.46 1,254 0.54 2,341 1,556 0.51 1,523 0.49 3,079 26 1,132 0.5 1,133 0.5 2,265 1,295 0.50 1,278 0.50 2,573 27 931 0.48 1,029 0.53 1,960 1,216 0.48 1,325 0.52 2,541 28 996 0.51 972 0.49 1,968 1,213 0.51 1,172 0.49 2,385 29 955 0.51 900 0.49 1,855 1,094 0.49 1,136 0.51 2,230 30 899 0.49 929 0.51 1,828 1,139 0.50 1,124 0.50 2,263 31 836 0.51 811 0.49 1,647 1,004 0.48 1,089 0.52 2,093 32 847 0.51 806 0.49 1,653 1,124 0.51 1,069 0.49 2,193 33 875 0.52 815 0.48 1,690 1,029 0.51 1,003 0.49 2,032

Ecological Profile 2018

34 779 0.51 762 0.49 1,541 1,055 0.51 1,004 0.49 2,059 35 922 0.51 889 0.49 1,811 1,048 0.52 974 0.48 2,022 36 756 0.52 710 0.48 1,466 887 0.50 894 0.50 1,781 37 694 0.5 708 0.5 1,402 843 0.51 795 0.49 1,638 38 664 0.52 620 0.48 1,284 840 0.50 826 0.50 1,666 39 628 0.51 610 0.49 1,238 821 0.52 767 0.48 1,588 40 685 0.52 623 0.48 1,308 788 0.52 723 0.48 1,511 41 504 0.5 496 0.5 1,000 596 0.50 606 0.50 1,202 42 504 0.5 500 0.5 1,004 701 0.51 677 0.49 1,378 43 593 0.52 556 0.48 1,149 729 0.51 693 0.49 1,422 44 461 0.53 411 0.47 872 622 0.52 573 0.48 1,195 45 567 0.49 583 0.51 1,150 731 0.51 692 0.49 1,423 46 517 0.52 477 0.48 994 611 0.49 626 0.51 1,237 47 463 0.5 468 0.5 931 531 0.48 571 0.52 1,102 48 434 0.49 456 0.51 890 568 0.50 574 0.50 1,142 49 438 0.5 437 0.5 875 536 0.50 542 0.50 1,078 50 480 0.51 470 0.49 950 601 0.50 593 0.50 1,194 51 386 0.49 398 0.51 784 459 0.50 459 0.50 918 52 391 0.5 388 0.5 779 522 0.49 533 0.51 1,055 53 368 0.5 373 0.5 741 412 0.48 448 0.52 860 54 294 0.46 343 0.54 637 428 0.50 420 0.50 848 55 361 0.5 363 0.5 724 438 0.48 471 0.52 909 56 295 0.49 301 0.51 596 372 0.47 416 0.53 788 57 287 0.47 326 0.53 613 349 0.48 376 0.52 725 58 276 0.51 270 0.49 546 325 0.47 368 0.53 693 59 255 0.51 249 0.49 504 322 0.51 315 0.49 637 60 235 0.46 278 0.54 513 326 0.48 358 0.52 684 61 229 0.47 255 0.53 484 272 0.47 306 0.53 578 62 212 0.44 271 0.56 483 297 0.46 346 0.54 643 63 180 0.47 206 0.53 386 216 0.47 243 0.53 459 64 135 0.5 135 0.5 270 210 0.50 207 0.50 417 65 212 0.47 243 0.53 455 238 0.48 261 0.52 499 66 135 0.48 147 0.52 282 182 0.49 189 0.51 371 67 136 0.45 166 0.55 302 155 0.47 175 0.53 330 68 107 0.47 120 0.53 227 137 0.45 166 0.55 303 69 93 0.5 94 0.5 187 102 0.45 127 0.55 229 70 95 0.47 108 0.53 203 107 0.48 117 0.52 224 71 55 0.43 73 0.57 128 81 0.40 124 0.60 205 72 75 0.42 102 0.58 177 85 0.37 143 0.63 228 73 68 0.38 112 0.62 180 87 0.43 117 0.57 204 74 48 0.4 71 0.6 119 64 0.41 94 0.59 158 75 63 0.4 95 0.6 158 85 0.43 112 0.57 197 76 61 0.5 60 0.5 121 57 0.38 92 0.62 149

Ecological Profile 2018

77 39 0.48 43 0.52 82 49 0.42 67 0.58 116 78 49 0.45 61 0.55 110 57 0.45 69 0.55 126 79 32 0.46 38 0.54 70 42 0.40 62 0.60 104 80 and 269 0.31 334 0.69 603 191 0.32 405 0.68 596 over Total 48,493 0.49 51,366 0.51 99,859 62,411 0.49 65,949 0.51 128,360 Source: CBMS and PSA 2015

Population by Religious Affiliation

Census 2000 shows that the majority of the population are Roman Catholic at 67%. This is followed by the Philippine Episcopal Church at 12% and Evangelicals at 6%. In 2010, the percentage of Roman Catholics decreased to 64 %. Those who belong to the Philippine Episcopal Church decreased also to 4% and the Baptists at 2%.

Population by Religious Affiliation, 2000, 2010 Yr. Year 2000/a Year 2010/b Religious Affiliation # % # % Aglipayan 20 0.03 100 0.11% Association of Baptist Churches 14 0.02 - - Association of Fundamental Baptist Church 426 0.63 - - Assembly of God - - 1,029 1.16% Born Again Christian - - 2,150 2.42% Bible Baptist 441 0.66 1,972 2.22% Buddhist 21 0.03 - - Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter Day Saints 186 0.28 311 0.0035 Convention of the Philippine Baptist Church 457 0.68 - - Evangelicals 3,753 5.58 156 0.18% Iglesia Evangelista Methodista en Las Filipinas 136 0.2 - - Iglesia ni Cristo 1,140 1.7 1,895 2.13% Islam 113 0.17 324 0.36% Jehovah's Witnesses 987 1.47 951 1.07% KKMI 234 0.26% 234 0.26% Lutheran Church in the Philippines 668 0.99 421 0.47% Nazarene - - 149 0.17% Other Baptist 282 0.42 - - Other Methodist 138 0.21 - - Other Protestant 1,044 1.55 913 1.03% Philippine Benevolent Missionaries Association 284 0.42 - - Philippine Episcopal Church 8,217 12.22 15,772 4.34% Roman Catholic 45,314 67.4 57,016 64.07% Salvation Army, Philippines 9 0.01 - -

Ecological Profile 2018

Seventh Day Adventist 434 0.65 161 0.18% Southern Baptist 233 0.35 177 0.20% Tribal Religions 129 0.19 - - United Church of Christ in the Philippines 1,349 2.01 785 0.88% United Methodist Church 43 0.06 - - Unknown 197 0.29 2,485 2.79% Wesleyan 207 0.23% None 95 0.14 647 0.73% Other Religions 1,101 1.64 1,235 1.39% Total 67,231 89,090 Source: /aCensus 2000, /b CBMS 2010

Religious Affiliation, 2015

Philippine Statistics Authority Census results in 2015 revealed that population of Roman Catholic is 61.29% Of the total household population consistently the highest number of members in terms of religious affiliation for the past census years.

Religious Affiliation 2015 Total % to total Male Female Religious Affiliation 128,360 100 62,411 65,949 Aglipay 38 0.03 29 9 Evangelicals (Philippine Council of Evangelical 10,447 8.14 4,857 5,590 Churches) Association of Baptist Churches in Luzon Visayas and 5 0.00 2 3 Mindanao Ass’n. of Fundamental Baptist Churches in the Phils. 1,225 0.95 536 689 Bible Baptist Church 2,755 2.15 1,271 1,484 Bread of Life Ministries 7 0.01 2 5 Buddhist 27 0.02 15 12 Cathedral of Praise Incorporated 25 0.02 10 15 Church of Christ 634 0.49 328 306 Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter Day Saints 307 0.24 154 153 Convention of the Philippine Baptist Church - - - - Crusaders of the Divine Church of Christ Incorporated 46 0.04 18 28 Door of Faith 1 0.00 - 1 Evangelical Christian Outreach Foundation 172 0.13 75 97 Faith Tabernacle Church (Living Rock Ministries) 6 0.00 4 2 Good News Christian Churches 2 0.00 1 1 Higher Ground Baptist Mission 16 0.01 9 7 Iglesia Evangelica Unida de Cristo 6 0.00 1 5 National Council of Churches in the Philippines 12,013 9.36 5,933 6,080

Ecological Profile 2018

Iglesia ni Cristo 3,008 2.34 1,538 1,470 Iglesia sa Dios Espiritu Santo Incorporated 11 0.01 6 5 International Baptist Missionary Fellowship 3 0.00 3 - International One Way Outreach 1 0.00 1 - Islam 451 0.35 212 239 Jehovah’s Witness 2,378 1.85 1,100 1,278 Jesus is Alive Community Incorporated 47 0.04 20 27 Jesus is Lord Church 126 0.10 58 68 Love of Christ International Ministries - - - - Lutheran Church of the Philippines 1,976 1.54 923 1,053 Miracle Revival Church of the Philippines 2 0.00 - 2 Missionary Baptist Churches of the Philippines 19 0.01 7 12 Philippine Benevolent Missionaries Association - - - - Philippine Ecumenical Christian Church 24 0.02 10 14 Philippine Good News Ministries - - - - Philippine Grace Gospel 6 0.00 4 2 Philippine Independent Catholic Church 7 0.01 3 4 Potter’s House Christian Center - - - - Roman Catholic including Catholic Charismatic 78,677 61.29 38,783 39,894 Salvation Army Philippines 6 0.00 2 4 Seventh Day Adventist 555 0.43 279 276 Things to Come - - - - UNIDA Evangelical Church 6 0.00 1 5 United Church of Christ in the Philippines 3,437 2.68 1,618 1,819 Union Espiritista Cristiana de Filipinas Incorporated 680 0.53 315 365 United Pentecostal Church (Philippines) Incorporated 2,393 1.86 1,090 1,303 Victory Chapel Christian Fellowship 54 0.04 20 34 Way of Salvation Church Incorporated 3 0.00 - 3 Other Baptists 545 0.42 263 282 Other Protestants 243 0.19 110 133 Tribal Religions 126 0.10 78 48 Other Religious Affiliations 5,844 4.55 2,722 3,122 None - - - - Not Stated - - - - Source: PSA 2015

Population by Ethnicity, PSA 2000

The original settlers of La Trinidad during the earliest part of its history are the Ibalois. During the census of year 2000, almost a third of the population or 30% are Kankanaey, 27% are Ilocanos and 23% are Ibaloi. The remaining 20% consists of 81 different ethnic groups found all over the country. In 2010, CBMS survey shows that the Kankanaey now comprise 43% of the population. The Ibalois consists of 26% of the population. The rest of the population are of several ethno-linguistic groups from Luzon to Mindanao, a melting pot of highland and lowland cultures.

Ecological Profile 2018

Population by Ethnicity, Census 2000 Ethnicity Both Sexes % Ethnicity Both Sexes % Aggay 14 0.02 Itneg 22 0.03 Akeanon/Aklanon 33 0.05 Kalinga 271 0.40 Apayao/Yapayao 27 0.04 Kankanai/Kankanaey 20,780 30.91 Applai 476 0.71 Kapampangan 129 0.19 Ayangan 59 0.09 Karao 12 0.02 Balangao/Baliwon 14 0.02 Kinalinga 10 0.01 Bikol/Bicol 58 0.09 Kiniray-a 13 0.02 Bisaya/Binisaya 127 0.19 Maranao 46 0.07 Bontok/Binontok 244 0.36 Masbateño/Masbatenon 11 0.02 Cebuano 44 0.07 Pangasinan/Panggalato 441 0.66 Hamtikanon 17 0.03 Surigaonon 412 0.61 Hiligaynon, Ilonggo 63 0.09 Tagalog 4,106 6.11 Ibaloi/Inibaloi 16,383 24.37 Tausug 18 0.03 Ibanag 18 0.03 Waray 13 0.02 Ibontoc 2,118 3.15 Other Local Ethnicity 185 0.28 Ifugao 747 1.11 Chinese 35 0.05 Ikalahan/Kalanguya 1,044 1.55 American/English 136 0.20 Ilocano 18,847 28.03 Other Foreign Ethnicity 19 0.03 Iranon 18 0.03 Not Reported 221 0.33 Source: NSO 2000

Population by Ethnicity, CBMS 2010 and 2015

Due to employment and business opportunities in the municipality, many people from different ethnic groups come to La Trinidad. CBMS results show that the population is dominated by the kankanaeys, followed by the Ibalois, and the ilocanos.

2010 2015 Indigenous Tribe Both Sexes % Both Sexes % Aberling 8 0.01% - - Aeta 77 0.09% - - Agta 7 0.01% - - Applai 805 0.90% 3,571 3.49% Aromanen 11 0.01% - - Ati 10 0.01% - - Ayangan 5 0.01% 45 0.04% Badjao 9 0.01% - - Bago 985 1.11% 157 0.15% Balangao 55 0.06% 180 0.18% Batangan - - 17 0.02%

Ecological Profile 2018

Batangeṅo 6 0.01% - - Bicolano 94 0.11% 405 0.40% Bisaya 208 0.23% 1,272 1.24% B'laan 11 0.01% - - Boholano 13 0.01% - - Bontoc 1,243 1.40% 473 0.46% Bukidnon 15 0.02% - - Bulakeṅo 14 0.02% - - Cebuano 66 0.07% 126 0.12% Zamboangueño 6 0.01% - - Chinese - - 57 0.06% Cimaron 5 0.01% - 0.00% Gaddang 23 0.03% 24 0.02% Ibaloi 23,719 26.65% 24,438 23.90% Ibanag 297 0.33% 117 0.11% Ifugao 1,167 1.31% 790 0.77% Igorot 747 0.84% - - Ikalahan 47 0.05% - - Ilocano 2,723 3.06% 12,904 12.62% Ilonggo/ Bugkalot 69 0.08% 213 0.21% Isinai 7 0.01% 0.00% Isneg/ Itneg 154 0.17% 253 0.25% Itawes 16 0.02% 23 0.02% Kabihug 6 0.01% - - Kadaklan - - 17 0.02% Ikalan/Kalanguya 1,126 1.27% 1,702 1.66% Kalinga 670 0.75% 1,178 1.15% Kankanaey 38,450 43.21% 46,242 45.22% Kapampangan 111 0.12% 530 0.52% Karao 39 0.04% 62 0.06% Ifugao 34 0.04% - - Mandaya 14 0.02% - - Mangyan 60 0.07% - - Manobo 11 0.01% - - Maranao 5 0.01% 181 0.18% Moro 61 0.07% - - Palawano 8 0.01% - - Pangasinense 380 0.43% 1,902 1.86%

Ecological Profile 2018

Samal 6 0.01% - - Tagakaolo 5 0.01% - - Tagalog 685 0.77% 4,274 4.18% Tagbanua 25 0.03% - - Tarlakeṅo 5 0.01% - - Tausug 5 0.01% - - Teduray 8 0.01% - - Tinguian 34 0.04% - - Ifugao-Tuwali 95 0.11% 673 0.66% Waray 26 0.03% 147 0.14% Yakan - - 49 0.05% Zambal 15 0.02% 28 0.03% Others (Local) 78 0.09% 167 0.16% Other Foreign - 35 0.03% Languages American 8 0.01% - 0.00% Not Stated 1,098 1.23% - None 13,300 14.95% - Total 88,990 100.00% 102,252 100.00% Source: CBMS 2010 and 2015

In- Migration

CBMS survey results in 2010 and 2015 show that there were in-migrants of La Trinidad. A total of 33,299 in-migrants in 2010 and much lesser in 2015 at 6,001 only. More migrants are recorded in the urban core such as Pico, Balili, Poblacion and the other nearby urban Barangays where there is an easy access to transportation, employment, and market places. In-migration rate in 2015 is at 257.93% lesser than in 2010 with 292.67%.

Number of Migrants by Barangay, 2010 and 2015 2010 2015 Barangay Male Female Both Sexes % Male Female Both Sexes % Alapang 620 638 1,258 4% 39 38 77 0.01 Alno 166 177 343 1% 63 33 96 0.02 Ambiong 1,028 1,063 2,091 6% 75 93 168 0.03 Bahong 418 443 861 3% 154 100 254 0.04 Balili 2,922 3,491 6,413 19% 794 844 1638 0.27 Beckel 272 278 550 2% 7 4 11 0.00 Betag 591 738 1,329 4% 316 643 959 0.16 Bineng 62 56 118 0% 10 6 16 0.00 Cruz 475 533 1,008 3% 30 46 76 0.01 Lubas 679 766 1,445 4% 84 94 178 0.03

Ecological Profile 2018

Pico 5,628 5,979 11,607 35% 832 819 1651 0.28 Poblacion 1,021 1,241 2,262 7% 83 95 178 0.03 Puguis 843 981 1,824 5% 116 111 227 0.04 Shilan 197 212 409 1% 25 19 44 0.01 Tawang 698 742 1,440 4% 62 89 151 0.03 Wangal 151 190 341 1% 136 141 277 0.05 Municipal 15,771 17,528 33,299 99% 2,826 3,175 6,001 100% Source: CBMS 2010 and 2015

Length of Residency

More than one third of the population, at 37%, have been residents of La Trinidad since birth. But almost one third also, at 30% has been residing in La Trinidad for 5 years and less. And 13% have been in La Trinidad for 6 to 10 years. This confirms the very high in-migration rate of the municipality.

Length of Residency in the Barangay, 2010 Length of Length of Both Sexes % Both Sexes % Residency Residency 0 - 5 Years 26,455 29.73% 6 - 10 Years 11,257 12.65% 46 - 50 Years 426 0.48% 11 - 15 Years 5,784 6.50% 51 - 55 Years 243 0.27% 16 - 20 Years 4,512 5.07% 56 - 60 Years 197 0.22% 21 - 25 Years 2,571 2.89% 61 - 65 Years 114 0.13% 26 - 30 Years 2,183 2.45% 66 Years and Above 158 0.18% 31 - 35 Years 1,020 1.15% Since Birth 32,650 36.69% 36 - 40 Years 866 0.97% Not Stated 124 0.14% 41 - 45 Years 430 0.48% Total 88,990 Source: CBMS 2010

Household Population 5 yrs. old and over by Place of Residence, 5 years ago

In year 2000, 92% of those living in La Trinidad had resided in La Trinidad for at least 5 years. About 3% are from the province of Benguet. Another 2.31% are from other provinces and about 0.47% are from foreign countries.

Household Population, 5 years old and over by Place of Residence 5 years ago, Census 2000 Both Place of Residence, 5 years ago Male % Female % % Sexes La Trinidad 27,262 46.23 27,221 46.16 54,483 92.38 Other Municipality/Same Province 891 1.51 972 1.65 1,863 3.16 Other Province 627 1.06 735 1.25 1,362 2.31

Ecological Profile 2018

Foreign Country 101 0.17 178 0.30 279 0.47 Unknown 492 0.83 496 0.84 988 1.68 Source: NSO, Census 2000

NSO Census result in 2010 revealed that 92% of those living in La Trinidad had resided in La Trinidad for at least 5 years. About 4% are from the province of Benguet, 4% from other provinces and about 0.24% are from foreign countries.

Household Population, 5 years old and over by Place of Residence 5 years ago, Census 2010 Place of Residence, 5 years ago Male % Female % Both Sexes % La Trinidad 43,405 49.31 44,613 50.69 88,018 92.00 Other Municipality/Same Province 1,948 2.21 2,252 2.56 4,200 4.00 Other Province 1,552 1.76 1,726 0.02 3,278 4.00 Foreign Country 100 0.11 125 0.14 225 0.24 Unknown 0 1 1 0.00 Source: NSO, Census 2010

Estimated Population by Age Group and Sex, 2019-2020

Estimated population for 2019 and 2020 show that the largest age group is ages 20-24 years, followed by age group 15-19 years old, and consecutively age groups 25-29 years old and 0-4 years old. Assumption is that disaggregation is the same with that of the PSA census results in 2015.

Estimated Population by Age Group and Sex, 2019-2020 Estimated Population 2019 Estimated Population 2020 Age % Sex % Sex Group % Male Male Female Total % Male Male Female Total Female Ratio Female Ratio 0-4 4.82% 4.56% 106.38 7,227 6,831 14,058 4.82% 4.56% 106.38 7,501 7,090 14,591 5-9 4.64% 4.47% 104.41 6,962 6,695 13,657 4.64% 4.47% 104.41 7,226 6,950 14,175 10-14 4.34% 4.24% 101.87 6,502 6,354 12,856 4.34% 4.24% 101.87 6,748 6,596 13,344 15-19 5.67% 7.22% 84.77 8,497 10,818 19,316 5.67% 7.22% 84.77 8,820 11,229 20,049 20-24 5.90% 7.19% 85.43 8,839 10,769 19,609 5.90% 7.19% 85.43 9,175 11,178 20,353 25-29 4.97% 5.01% 101.21 7,443 7,513 14,956 4.97% 5.01% 101.21 7,725 7,798 15,523 30-34 4.17% 4.12% 107.89 6,248 6,176 12,424 4.17% 4.12% 107.89 6,485 6,410 12,896 35-39 3.46% 3.32% 114.65 5,183 4,970 10,153 3.46% 3.32% 114.65 5,380 5,158 10,538 40-44 2.68% 2.55% 109.67 4,012 3,821 7,833 2.68% 2.55% 109.67 4,164 3,966 8,130 45-49 2.32% 2.34% 105.22 3,476 3,509 6,985 2.32% 2.34% 105.22 3,608 3,642 7,250 50-54 1.89% 1.91% 100.80 2,828 2,864 5,692 1.89% 1.91% 100.80 2,935 2,973 5,908 55-59 1.41% 1.52% 100.00 2,109 2,272 4,381 1.41% 1.52% 100.00 2,189 2,359 4,547

Ecological Profile 2018

60-64 1.03% 1.14% 99.44 1,542 1,705 3,247 1.03% 1.14% 99.44 1,601 1,770 3,371 65-69 0.63% 0.72% 99.47 950 1,072 2,022 0.63% 0.72% 99.47 987 1,113 2,099 70-74 0.33% 0.46% 83.03 495 695 1,190 0.33% 0.46% 83.03 514 721 1,235 75-79 0.23% 0.31% 77.91 339 469 808 0.23% 0.31% 77.91 351 487 839 80+ 0.15% 0.32% 61.57 223 473 696 0.15% 0.32% 61.57 231 491 722

Total 48.62% 51.38% 99.17 72,875 77,007 149,882 48.62% 51.38% 99.17 75,641 79,930 155,571 Source: MPDO computations based on PSA data 2015, disaggregation is the same as PSA 2015

Age Dependency

In census 2000, the age dependency ratio is computed at 60.9. This means that for every 100 persons in the working age group, 61 persons are dependent on them. Potentially, 39.1% of the population can contribute to the production of goods and services. There is an increasing trend in the working force in census years 2000 to 2007 however there was a decrease of 16.05% from 2007 to 2010. In 2015, about 57% are in the working age group while 43% are the dependent population. The same dependency ratio is computed for 2018 with the assumption that we will use the same disaggregation used in 2015.

Dependency Ratios, 2000, 2007, 2010, and 2015 Census Census Census Census Dependency Ratios 2000 2007 2010 2015 Young-age dependency ratio (0-14) 56.7 28.93 43.32 38.80 Old-age dependency ratio (65+) 4.1 2.56 4.22 4.50 Age dependency ratio 60.9 31.49 47.54 43.30 Working Age group (15-64) 39.1 68.51 52.46 56.70 Source: MPDO computations based on PSA population Data 2015

Age Dependency Ratio by Census Year 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Census 2000 Census 2007 Census 2010 Census 2015

Ecological Profile 2018

Median Age : 23.84 years old

The population has a median age of 23.84 years old. This means that half of the population belongs to the young population (between 23 and 24 years old).

HEALTH Medical Health Facilities

The 200-bed capacity Benguet General Hospital, one Municipal health Clinic and 16 Barangay Health Stations with six (6) sub-clinics. This are the public health facilities available in the municipality. Moreover, a new 74-bed capacity, privately owned hospital was established in La Trinidad in 2017 aside from an increasing number of private clinics in the municipality. Health services also abound in nearby Baguio City. For public health facilities, a total of 59 doctors, 76 nurses, and 14 midwives are employed to serve the community. Moreover, private health facilities have also 123 doctors, 15 nurses, and a number midwives.

Medical Facilities, 2018 Name of Facility Number Category No. of Beds Benguet General Hospital 1 Tertiary/ Public 200 Cordillera Hospital of Divine Grace 1 Private 74 Rural Health Unit 1 Mun. Unit 1 Barangay Health Stations 16 Mun./Brgy units 16 Medical Clinic/Diagnostic 22 Private - Dental Clinic 34 Private Laboratory & Medical 8 Private Optical 9 Private - Skin Care 3 Private Rehabilitation 1 Private Renal Center 3 Private Diabetic Clinic 1 Private Total 97 Source: MPDO, CMCI survey

Health Facilities in the Barangays # of Barangay # of Barangay Barangay Facility & Status Staff Health Workers Nutrition Scholars Poblacion Main Health Center, Owned, SS 2 Doctors, 8 Nurses, Phase 1, Concrete, Accredited: 1999 1 Dentist, 1 RMT, 2 7 2 Refurbished: 2015 RNDs, and 1 Admin. Aide Alapang 2-storey Bldg., semi-concrete, owned 1 RN 3 1 Alno 1-storey Bldg., owned 1 RM 4 1

Ecological Profile 2018

Ambiong 1-storey, semi concrete, owned 1 RN 7 1 Bahong 1-storey, semi concrete, owned 1 RM 4 1 Balili 2-storey, multi-purpose Bldg. 1 RM 7 2 Beckel 1-storey, semi concrete, owned 1 RM 3 1 Betag 2-storey, MP Building 1 RM 2 1 Bineng 1-storey, MP Building 1 RM 4 1 Cruz 2-storey, MP Building 1 RM 3 1 Lubas 1-storey, semi-concrete, owned 1 RM 5 1 Pico 2-storey, MP Building 1 RM 5 2 Puguis 1-storey, semi-concrete, owned 1 RN 4 1 Shilan 1-storey, semi-concrete, owned 1 RM 8 1 Tawang 1-storey, semi-concrete, owned 1 RM 8 1 Wangal 2-storey, MP Building 1 RM 4 1 Source: MHSO

Leading Causes of Morbidity

The top leading causes of illnesses are primarily due to respiratory tract infections, lifestyle diseases, and wounds during the last three (3) years. Proper hygiene, diet, and other health safety measures are advised.

Leading Causes of Morbidity, 2016 & 2017 2016 2017 No. Cause Both Both Male Female Sexes Rate Male Female Sexes Rate 1 Upper Respiratory Tract 3,025 3,544 6,569 52 2820 3785 6605 47.37 Infection 2 Hypertension 470 782 1252 9.92 646 1059 1705 12.23 3 Pneumonia 325 269 594 4.70 339 302 641 4.97 4 Influenza 234 263 497 3.94 - - - 0 5 Dental & periodontal 179 231 410 3.24 152 184 336 2.41 infections/Diseases 6 Urinary Tract Infection 132 388 520 4.12 128 470 598 4.29 7 Wound/Injuries/Animal Bites 603 444 1047 8.29 599 434 1033 7.41 8 Skin 376 311 687 5.44 245 271 516 3.70 Diseases/Infection/Allergies 9 Fever 249 243 492 3.89 343 317 660 4.73 10 Headache (of all forms) - - - - 113 214 327 2.34 11 Gastritis/Gastrointestinal 286 271 557 4.41 251 260 511 3.66 diseases & disorders 12 Others - - - - 393 618 1011 7.25 TOTAL 5,879 6,746 12,625 100 6,029 7,914 13,943 100 Source: MHSO

Ecological Profile 2018

Top Ten (10) Causes of Morbidity, 2018 Sex Total Cause/Diseases Male Female Respiratory Tract Infections (Upper and Lower) 3144 3845 6989 Non Communicable Diseases/Lifestyle Related Diseases 726 1154 1880 Dento-Oral Infections (Extraction, Toothache, Gingivitis, et. Al. 341 557 898 Wounds (All Forms) 324 174 498 Skin Infections (Bacterial/Fungal) 437 233 470 AGE, all types (Diarrhea) 192 171 363 Musculoskeletal Disorder 117 180 297 Malnutrition (obesity, underweight) 83 131 214 Allergy, all types 95 92 187 Gastrointestinal Diseases 43 71 114 Source: MHSO

Mortality

Deaths in La Trinidad revealed a higher number among males during the past two years. This could be due to the low health seeking behaviour of men than that of the women. Healthy lifestyle, proper nutrition, positive outlook, cessation from vices could help lead to a healthier individual and community.

Death per Barangay, 2017 and 2018 2017 2018 Barangay Male Female Total Male Female Total Alapang 5 7 12 7 7 14 Alno 11 0 11 1 3 4 Ambiong 7 4 11 9 5 14 Bahong 10 3 13 6 7 13 Balili 16 13 29 16 17 33 Beckel 7 5 12 7 3 10 Betag 7 5 12 7 3 10 Bineng 2 3 5 4 1 5 Cruz 4 4 8 9 6 15 Lubas 17 9 26 2 7 9 Pico 23 13 36 33 14 47 Poblacion 20 17 37 10 16 26 Puguis 20 16 36 25 14 39 Shilan 9 6 15 12 12 24 Tawang 11 5 16 13 9 22 Wangal 10 8 18 9 7 16 LA TRINIDAD 183 121 304 170 131 301 Source: LRCO, MHSO

Ecological Profile 2018

Leading Causes of Mortality

The top leading causes of death in 2018 are heart diseases of all forms, cancer of all forms, hypertension, Pneumonia, and others. The same appears to be the top causes of death for the past two years. . Healthy lifestyle measures should always be considered by the general public. Fortunately, there were no incidence of pregnancy related deaths recorded in 2017 and 2018. This means that pregnant women are taken cared of properly in our locality.

Leading Causes of Mortality, 2016 - 2018 2016 2017 2018 Cause Both Both Both Male Female Rate Male Female Rate Male Female Rate Sexes Sexes Sexes Hypertension 35 16 51 19.76 20 18 38 12.50 29 19 48 18.32 Pneumonia 14 10 24 9.30 17 12 29 9.54 17 10 27 10.31 Cancer, of all forms 34 31 65 25.19 26 29 55 18.01 32 27 59 22.52 Cerebrovascular Disease 3 5 8 3.1 16 9 25 8.22 6 4 10 3.81 Heart Disease, all forms 24 23 47 18.22 0 0 0 0 33 28 61 23.28 Diabetes Mellitus 3 2 5 1.94 7 4 11 3.62 5 5 10 3.82 Renal Disease 3 1 4 1.55 13 5 18 5.92 10 5 15 5.73 Sepsis 3 0 3 1.16 4 3 7 2.30 4 5 9 3.43 Chronic Obstructive 10 6 16 6.20 8 0 8 2.63 4 2 6 2.29 Pulmonary Diseases Cardiovascular Disease 0 0 0 0 26 22 48 15.79 - - - 0 Injuries 13 3 16 6.20 14 1 15 4.93 13 4 17 6.49 Disease related to Pregnancy, 6 2 8 3.10 0 0 0 0 - - - 0 Childbirth & Delivery Gastrointestinal Bleeding 3 1 4 1.55 1 0 1 0.33 - - - 0 Seizure disorder 1 2 3 1.16 0 0 0 0 - - - 0 Others 5 2 7 2.71 33 17 50 16.45 - - - 0 Total 157 104 261 100 183 121 304 92.02 153 109 262 100 Source: MHSO 68

Ecological Profile 2018

Infant Mortality

The top leading causes of fetal deaths in 2014 are prematurity, Sepsis, and Pneumonia. There were no reported number for infant mortality in 2015. Infant mortality rate in 2016 is at 4 infant deaths per 1000 population. These infant deaths occurred in a hospital, three (3) were due to congenital malformation of the brain and heart and the other one (1) is due to complications of severe diarrhea and pneumonia. In 2017, there were seven (7) infant deaths resulting to an Infant Mortality rate of 4.35%. Computed infant mortality rate in 2018 is at 5.54% per 1000 population or eight (8) infant deaths. Two of the 8 deaths were due to respiratory failure while the other 6 were caused by varied reasons. All of the infant deaths occurred at the BeGH.

Leading Causes of Infant Mortality, 2007-2012 CAUSE/ RATE 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Pre-maturity 0.04 2.68 0.10 4.45 2.87 - Asphyxia Neo-natorum 0.03 1.34 1.15 - Congenital Heart Disease 2.87 0.01 Hyaline Membrane Disease 0.03 0.67 1.15 Sepsis, Pneumonia 0.03 3.35 0.07 1.27 0.57 0.06 Meningococcemia Acute Gastroenteritis 0.01 Respiratory Disease Syndrome 0.09 0.57 0.05 Chronic Placental Insufficiency 0.03 Pulmonary hemorrhage, 0.67 Physical Injuries/ Landslide 0.04 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome 1.27 0.05 Cerebral Palsy 0.05 Intestine Obstruction 0.05 Source: MHO

Leading Causes of Infant Mortality, 2014 Cause/Rate 2014 Pre-maturity 28.21 Sepsis 25.64 Pneumonia 17.95 Asphyxia Neo-natorum 7.69 Respiratory Disease Syndrome 5.13

Ecological Profile 2018

Pulmonary Hemorrhage, Cardiopulmonary Arrest 5.13 Congenital Heart Disease 2.56 Anencephaly 2.56 Cord Prolapse 2.56 Very low birth weight 2.56 Source: MHO

Maternal Mortality

There were no recorded maternal death for 2018 which can be attributed to improved health seeking behavior among pregnant women during and after pregnancy. In 2017, only one maternal death was recorded due to placenta previa totalis in hemorrhage which happened at the BeGH.

Nutritional Status

Nutritional Status of Children are regularly being monitored thru the conduct of Operation Timbang (OPT). The children were assessed using three indicators namely: weight for age, height/length for age, and weight for height/length. Estimated number of children for 2016 is 22,684, 21,782 for 2017 and 18,337 for 2018.

Nutritional Status of Pre-School Children (0-71 months old) Weight for Age, 2016-2018 Year/ 2016 2017 2018 Category No. % No. % No. % Normal Weight 12,574 96.52 11,616 95.66 10,842 94.92 Severely Underweight 75 0.58 110 0.90 87 0.76 Underweight 205 1.57 236 1.94 257 2.25 Overweight 174 1.34 219 1.80 236 2.07 Total 13,028 100 12,143 100 11,422 100

Nutritional Status of Daycare School Children (height/length for age), 2016-2018 Classification (New 2016 2017 2018 Category) No. % Total % Total % Severely Stunted 323 2.48 335 2.68 365 3.19 Stunted 1,138 8.74 1,531 12.25 1,436 12.57 Normal 11,391 87.44 10,388 83.13 9,249 80.97 Tall 175 1.34 242 1.94 372 3.25 Total 13,027 100 12,496 100 11,422 100

Ecological Profile 2018

Nutritional Status of Day care Children (Weight for height), 2016-2018 2016 2017 2018 Year/Classification No. % No. % No. % Severely Wasted 35 .29 35 .32 86 0.75 Wasted 93 .78 144 1.33 189 1.65 Normal 11,388 95.31 10,115 93.11 10495 91.88 Overweight 275 2.11 409 3.76 486 4.25 Obese 158 1.32 161 1.48 166 1.45 Total 11,949 100 10,864 100 11,422 100 Source: MHSO

Other Health Statistics

Number of births in La Trinidad is usually increasing for the past years. Increase in number of registered births in the Local Civil Registry of La Trinidad is due to the proximity of the Benguet General Hospital where most of the births happened. With the opening of the new private hospital in Puguis (Cordillera Hospital of Divine Grace), an additional health facility for La Trinidad and neighbouring areas, birth registration is expected to increase. In 2018, there were 4,044 registered births in the Local Civil Registrars’ Office. Of the total number of registered births, only 1,443 are actually from La Trinidad and most of which were in hospitals.

Total number of Births, by year and by sex, 2015-2018 Not Year Female Males Total indicated

2015 1943 2095 3 4041 2016 2039 2070 0 4109 2017 1906 2069 0 3975 2018 698 746 0 1,443 Source: LT-LCRO

Registered Births by Barangay 2015-2018

Place of Birth/Year 2015 2016 2017 2018

Alapang 8 6 6 41 Alno 9 15 10 33 Ambiong 2 4 7 49 Bahong 5 12 14 55

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Balili 10 14 7 196 Beckel 8 9 12 31 Begh 3912 3951 3793 NDA Betag 3 6 5 99 Bineng 3 6 3 15 Cruz 3 3 3 40 Lubas 3 5 5 72 Pico 18 14 23 268 Poblacion 11 11 9 173 Puguis 20 9 12 142 Shilan 8 12 17 63 Tawang 6 15 2 102 Wangal 10 15 11 64 Taxi Cab 2 2 0 Cordillera Hospital of NDA Divine Grace (CHDG) 32 EBN 1 NDA Not indicated 2 0 1 NDA Total 4041 4109 3975 1,443 Source: MHSO, MCR

Vital Health Indices

The Crude Birth Rate in 2018 is at 10.55%, a decrease of .93% from 2017. On the other hand, there was an increase of .02% in Crude Death Rate. Noticeably, there was an increase of 1.19% in infant mortality rate in 2018. There is no recorded maternal deaths in 2018 which can be attributed to improved health seeking behaviour of pregnant women during and immediately after pregnancy.

Vital Health Indices, 2014-2018 Indices (%) 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Crude Birth Rate 26.00 25.00 10.97/a 11.48/a 10.55/a Crude Death Rate 3.40 3.20 1.83/a 2.18/a 2.20/a Infant Mortality Rate 10.00 9.00 9.49/a 4.35/a 5.54/a Maternal Mortality Rate 1.2 0 67.79/b 62.23/b 0 Source: MHSO, /a per 1000 pop’n., /b per 100,000 popn.

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Family Planning Services

Family Planning Methods Usage

The use of contraceptives among married women of child-bearing age (from 15-49 years old), exhibits a decreasing trend. In 2013, the contraceptive prevalence rate was at 34%, it has been increasing until 2015. However in 2016, it has decreased by about 6% and has further decreased by about 62% from 2017 to 2018. But this can be actually higher, since records of the Municipal Health Office only show those who avail of the contraceptives from the midwives. Records from those who get from private clinics/pharmacies and BeGH are not available. Nevertheless, modern family planning methods which are the pill and injection, are the more preferred methods among new acceptors and current users of contraceptives

Contraceptive Prevalence Rate, 2013-2018 Year 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (%) 33.5 34 47 39.76 15 17 Current User at the end of the year 3,415 5,318 7,332 6,860 2,409 2,855 Source: MHO

New Family Planning Acceptors by Method, 2014-2018 NEW 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 ACCEPTORS Modern FP Users % Users % Users % Users % Users % Method Pills 415 10.11 516 14 67 10.4 15 34.10 274 16.27 Injection 585 14.25 747 20 104 16.2 23 52.30 234 13.90 IUD 103 2.51 254 7 7 1.1 1 2.3 11 .65 BTL 78 1.9 1 0.03 0 0 0 0 2 .12 NSV 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 1 .06 Condom 109 2.66 131 4 42 6.5 5 11.4 53 3.15 Implant - - - - 0 0 0 0 44 2.61 Natural FP Method LAM 2,799 68.20 2,082 56 422 65.7 106 99.1 1057 62.77 SDM 8 0.19 18 0.5 0 0 1 0.90 8 .47 CMM/CM 7 0.17 2 0.05 - - 0 0 0 0 NFP-BBT - - 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 NFP-STM - - 1 0.03 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 4,104 100 3,752 100 642 100 107 100 1684 100 Source: MHSO

Ecological Profile 2018

Current Family Planning Users by Method, 2014-2018 CURRENT USERS 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Modern FP Method Users % Users % Users % Users % Users % Pills 1,112 20.99 1,406 19 2,116 15.5 608 35.70 791 27.71 Injection 1,525 28.78 1,821 25 2,462 18 858 46.20 803 28.13 IUD 335 6.32 606 8 923 6.8 155 8.30 178 6.23 BTL 102 1.92 215 3 421 3.1 69 3.70 138 4.83 NSV 4 0.08 4 0.1 4 0.03 0 0 0 0 Condom 279 5.27 131 4 560 4.1 168 9 198 6.94 Implant - - - - 131 1 0 0 158 5.53 Natural FP Method LAM 1,903 35.91 2,766 38 6,856 50.2 534 96.90 572 20.04 SDM 32 0.60 50 0.7 112 0.8 17 3.10 17 .59 CMM/CM 7 0.13 10 0.14 51 0.4 0 0 0 0 NFP-BBT - - 5 0.1 4 0.03 0 0 0 0 NFP-STM - - 1 0.01 2 0.01 0 0 0 0 TOTAL 5,299 100 6,655 100 6,860 100 551 100 2855 100 Source: MHSO

SOCIAL WELFARE SERVICES

A. Social Welfare Programs and Services available.

Facilities

There are at least three facilities that offer social welfare services.

Social Welfare Facilities Facility Clientele Services La Trinidad Rehabilitation Center For Children with Day Care ; Physical Therapy Special Children, (Old BeGH Bldg.) Disabilities Occupational Therapy

Home Care Reception Study Center for Children, Orphans Adoption Wangal Foster Care

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Family, Women, Training for Women, Parents, Youth Family, Women, and Children Center Children Alternative Learning Center for OSY Source: MSWDO

Clientele Served

There is a prevalence of School Delinquency, Out-of-School youth, Elderly and people needing financial assistance for health or livelihood purposes. As such the local Social Welfare Office provides an assortment of services: counselling, casework, and technical assistance to the target clientele. Other services required by the needy are coordinated with partner public and private agencies.

Number of Clientele served by Type, 2014-2018 Type of Clientele 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Families 6,257 2,657 7,991 3,186 5,412 Children 2,035 2,117 3,086 1,851 5,727 Youth 650 232 232 Persons w/ Disabilities 278 335 738 551 354 Elderly 1,287 5,284 6,108 5,566 3,723 Women 457 434 454 1,190 262 Persons in Distress 311 - - - - Solo Parent 130 182 154 215 243 Total 11,405 11,009 18,531 12,559 15,721 Source: MSWDO

Persons with Disability

Comparing the CBMS data between 2010 and 2015, partial blindness and mild cerebral palsy are the most common disability, mostly among males. In 2015, there were 758 PWDs wherein only 252 were issued IDs which means 66.34% are not receiving discounts provided for them by law.

Type of Disability by Sex, 2010 and 2015 Type of Disability by 2010 2015 Sex M % F % Total % M % F % Total % Total Blindness 26 81% 6 19% 32 3% 11 48% 12 52% 23 3% Partial Blindness 47 76% 15 24% 62 6% 13 52% 12 48% 25 4% Low Vision 31 86% 5 14% 36 4% 11 41% 16 59% 27 4% Totally Deaf 22 79% 6 21% 28 3% 12 50% 12 50% 24 4% Partially Deaf 25 76% 8 24% 33 3% 11 44% 14 56% 25 4% Hard of Hearing 26 70% 11 30% 37 4% Oral Defect 29 78% 8 22% 37 4% 14 67% 7 33% 21 3% One Hand 12 80% 3 20% 15 2% 4 80% 1 20% 5 1% No Hands 2 100% 0 0% 2 0% 2 100% 2 0% One Leg 24 80% 6 20% 30 3% 13 72% 5 28% 18 3% No Legs 5 100% 0 0% 5 1% 2 40% 3 60% 5 1%

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Mild Cerebral Palsy 46 79% 12 21% 58 6% 24 56% 19 44% 43 6% Severe Cerebral Palsy 25 78% 7 22% 32 3% 10 59% 7 41% 17 3% Regularly Intellectually 37 77% 11 23% 48 5% ------Impaired Severely Intellectually 20 80% 5 20% 25 3% ------Impaired Regularly Impaired by 36 73% 13 27% 49 5% 43 48% 47 52% 90 14% Mental Illness Severely Impaired by 33 83% 7 18% 40 4% - - - - - Mental Illness Regularly Multiple 22 96% 1 4% 23 2% 36 62% 22 38% 58 9% Impaired Severely Multiple 10 67% 5 33% 15 2% - - - - - Impaired Others 303 79% 82 21% 385 39% 173 61% 109 39% 282 42% Total 781 79% 211 21% 992 100% 379 55% 286 44% 665 100% Source: CBMS 2010 and 2015

About 44% of those with disability were due to illness, 36% were in-born, and 13% were due to accidents in 2010.

Causes of Disability by Sex, 2010 Cause of Disability M % F % Total % In-born 281 80% 72 20% 353 36% Illness 345 79% 91 21% 436 44% Accident 103 80% 26 20% 129 13% Others 54 73% 20 27% 74 7% Total 783 79% 209 21% 992 100% Source: CBMS 2010

Out of the 992 persons with disability in 2010, 216 are able to receive various kinds of assistance. At least 40% are able to receive medical assistance, 29% receive financial assistance, and 26% receive other kinds of assistance. The government, non-government and other entities were the sources of assistance.

Type of Assistance Received by PWDs by Sex, 2010 Type of Assistance M % F % Total % Financial Assistance 54 87% 8 13% 62 29% Medical Assistance 66 76% 21 24% 87 40% Educational Assistance 5 100% 0 0% 5 2% Livelihood Assistance 1 100% 0 0% 1 0% Discount on Medicine 2 40% 3 60% 5 2% Others 42 75% 14 25% 56 26% Total 170 79% 46 21% 216 Source: CBMS 2010

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Sources of Assistance Received by Persons with Disabilities, 2010 Source of Assistance # % Government 116 54% Non-Government 39 18% Others 61 28% Total 216 100% Source: CBMS 2010

Solo Parents

There were a total of 1,585 solo parents in 2010, of which, 37% were widows/widowers, 24% were unmarried parents, and 17% were abandoned by their spouses. Of the solo parents, about one third or 37% comprised of males, and two thirds, or 63% were females. In 2015 CBMS survey results, 583 or 36.78% were males and 1,002 or 63.22% were females. This time, reason for being a solo parent were not among the questions asked during the interview.

Solo Parents by Barangay, by Sex, 2010 and 2015 2010 2015 Barangay Male Female Total Male Female Total Alapang 13 48 61 33 78 111 Alno 4 19 23 14 34 48 Ambiong 5 34 39 22 30 52 Bahong 9 45 54 36 43 79 Balili 18 150 168 74 191 265 Beckel 4 22 26 22 24 46 Betag 3 63 66 19 57 76 Bineng 2 8 10 13 11 24 Cruz 2 35 37 18 34 52 Lubas 10 49 59 48 72 120 Pico 38 198 236 70 127 197 Poblacion 10 81 91 80 101 181 Puguis 8 42 50 54 83 137 Shilan 9 47 56 33 44 77 Tawang 8 81 89 27 43 70 Wangal 8 63 71 20 30 50 Total 151 985 1,136 583 1,002 1,585 Source: CBMS 2010 and 2015

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Type of Solo Parent by Sex, 2010 Type of Solo Parent M % F % Total % Death of Spouse 161 27% 432 73% 593 37% Imprisonment of Spouse 6 30% 14 70% 20 1% Mental & Physical Incapacity of Spouse 4 29% 10 71% 14 1% Legal/De Facto Separation from Spouse 58 38% 95 62% 153 10% Annulment of Marriage 5 23% 17 77% 22 1% Abandonment of Spouse for At least One Year 103 39% 164 61% 267 17% Unmarried Mother/Father 188 49% 193 51% 381 24% Legal Foster Parent/ Guardian 1 20% 4 80% 5 0% Assumed the Responsibility as the HH head 23 43% 30 57% 53 3% Other Reason 34 44% 43 56% 77 5% Total 583 37% 1002 63% 1585 100% Source: CBMS 2010

Senior Citizens

There were 3,375 senior citizens in 2010 and 5,404 in 2015. In 2010, 66% are members of the Senior Citizens Association, of which 2,230 or 66% were issued ID cards. Only 29% are able to use their identification cards in availing discounts for medicines and other services. In 2015, more senior Citizens were issued ID cards but during the conduct of interviews during the survey, senior citizens with issued IDs were not asked if who among them have actually used it.

Senior Citizens with ID Card by Sex, 2010 and 2015 2010 2015 Senior Citizens M % F % Total % M % F % Total % Member, With ID Card 1356 61% 874 39% 2,230 66% 2,002 83.24 2,601 86.73 4,603 85% Members who are Able To Use ID 413 30% 242 28% 655 29% ------Non-Member, w/o ID Card 807 70% 338 30% 1145 34% 403 16.76 398 13.27 801 15% Total 2,163 1,212 3,375 2,405 2,999 5,404 Source: CBMS 2010

Child Development (Daycare) Centers

A total of 58 Child Development (Day Care) Centers are located all over the municipality catering to the early education needs of children 3 to 5 years old. Although established to watch over the children especially for working mothers, it has also instructional functions, providing pre-school services to the children. For a number of children

Ecological Profile 2018

with disabilities, the La Trinidad Rehabilitation Center for Special Children (LTRCSC) offers therapeutic management.

Day Care Centers by Location Location & # of DCC Day Care Centers Alapang (3) Alapang DCC (P) Samoyao DCC (P) Camp Dangwa DCC (P) Alno (2) Alno DCC (P) Conig DCC (P) Ambiong (3) Central Ambiong DCC (P) Parapad DCC (P) Gulon DCC (P) ` Bahong (3) Bahong DCC (P) Bahong Christian Community DCC (C) Sadag DCC (P) Balili (7) Balili DCC (R) Tabangaoen DCC (P) Pines Park DCC (R) Balili Extension DCC (R) Mamaga DCC (R) Botiwtiw DCC (P) Upper Balili DCC (R) Beckel (3) Beckel DCC –(P) Balangbang DCC -(P) Lamut DCC -(P) Betag (2) Betag DCC-(P) Betag DCC Extension -(P) Bineng (2) Bineng DCC-(P) Bodiweng DCC - (P) Cruz (1) Cruz DCC-(P) Lubas (2) Lubas DCC-(P) Guitley DCC-(P) Poblacion (3) Buyagan DCC-(P) Buyagan DCC Extension Kesbeng DCC - (R) Pico (6) Bayabas DCC -(P) POCNA DCC - (C) Upper Cogcoga DCC- (P) Shamolog DCC- (P) Lower Cogcoga- (P) Toyong DCC - (R) Puguis (5) Lamtang DCC-(P) Puguis Proper DCC- (P) Longlong DCC-(P) Puguis Extension DCC-(P) House of Prayer DCC- (C) Shilan (6) Balukas DCC(P) Sagpawe DCC -(P) Pagal DCC-(P) Besil-Cavanao DCC(P) Shontog DCC-(P) Jappa DCC-(R) Tawang (4) Central Tawang DCC-(P) Upper Banig DCC-(P) Lower Banig DCC-(R) Boted DCC- (C) Wangal (5) Gayasi DCC-(P) Talinguroy DCC -(P) Upper Wangal DCC-(P) Lower Wangal DCC-(P) BTS DCC -(P) Source: Municipal Social Welfare & Development Office (MSWDO) P = Permanent, R= Renting, C=Church

EDUCATION

As the capital town of the province, the municipality has served as an educational center for its neighboring municipalities. Second to Baguio City, the municipality is touted as one of the prime education centers in the

Ecological Profile 2018

province. The Benguet State University (BSU) is recognized as one of the Centers of Education Excellence in the country. Aside from being the center of agricultural education, it has branched out to offer services in undergraduate and graduate studies in the arts, sciences, humanities, natural sciences, and other technical courses.

Educational Attainment

In Census year 2000, those who have reached at least elementary level was at 30% of the household population 5 years old and over. In a local study in 2006, it was at 35% of the household population 6 years old and over. This was reduced to 22.4% in 2007 Census.

In year 2000, 14% of the household population 5 years and over, graduated high school. This increased to 16% in 2006 and 22% in 2007. The same trend is true for college graduates: only 8% in year 2000, increasing to 13% in 2006, and further increasing to 18% in 2007.

Highest Educational Attainment (2000, 2006, 2007) Highest 2000 Census/a 2006 Literacy Survey/b 2007 Census/c Educational hh pop’n 6 yrs old hh pop’n Attainment 5 Yrs + % & over % 6 Yrs + % No Grade Completed 2,203 3.74% 1,531 2.02% 1,705 2.01% Pre-School 1,462 2.48% 1,564 2.07% 1,903 2.25% Elementary 17,695 30.00% 26,826 35.43% 18,977 22.40% (1st - 4th Grade) (9,091) (15.42%) (12799) (16.91%) (9,081) (10.72%) (5th - 7th Grade) (8,604) (14.59%) (7530) (9.95%) (2,362) (2.79%) (Graduate) (6498) (8.58%) (7,534) (8.89%) High School 16,760 28.42% 25,046 33.08% 27,256 32.18% (Undergraduate) (8,603) (14.59%) (12967) (17.13%) (8,920) (10.53%) (Graduate) (8,157) (13.83%) (12079) (15.95%) (18,336) (21.65%) Post-Secondary 3,416 5.79% 1,896 2.50% 3,446 4.07% (Undergraduate) (672) (1.14%) (138) (0.16%) (Graduate) (2,744) (4.65%) (3,308) (3.91%) College 15,853 26.88% 18,428 24.34% 30,040 35.47% (College Undergrad) (11,318) (19.19%) (8365) (11.05%) (14,532) (17.16%) (Degree Holder) (4,535) (7.69%) (10063) (13.29%) (15,508) (18.31%) Post-Baccalaureate 385 0.65% 317 0.42% 487 0.57% Not Stated 1,201 2.04% 101 0.13% 894 1.06% TOTAL 58,975 75,708 84,708 Sources: /a Census , /b MPDO computations from the Education Monitoring Survey, 2006), /c CBMS

PSA (NSO) Survey results in 2010 show that 22,591 or 24% of the total school age population have reached Elementary Level. 28,526 or 30% of the population were in high school, where 14,926 are males and 13,600 were

Ecological Profile 2018

females. There were 18,772 Academic Degree Holders, wherein 7,431 are males and 11,341 are females. Noticeably, there are a lot more female degree holders than males. There is a continuing increase in college graduates where 18,772 or 20% of the total population were able to graduate.

Highest Grade/Year Completed of 5 years Old and Over, 2010 HH Popn. 5 % to % to Highest Grade/Year % total Years Old total Male Female total Completed by Sex Popn. and Over Popn. Popn. No Grade Completed 2009 2.10 894 1% 1,152 1% Preschool 2952 3.08 1,552 2% 1,400 1% Elementary 22591 23.60 12,482 13% 10,109 11% Ist to 4th Grade 11016 11.51 60,462 6% 4,970 5% 5th to 6th Grade 4051 4.23 2,232 2% 1,819 2% Graduate 7524 7.86 4,202 4% 3,320 3% High School 28526 29.80 14,926 16% 13,600 14% Undergraduate 10859 11.34 5,746 6% 5,113 5% Graduate 17667 18.46 9,180 10% 8,487 9% Post Secondary 3071 3.21 1,602 2% 1,469 2% Undergraduate 544 0.57 284 0% 260 0% Graduate 2527 2.64 1,318 1% 1,209 1% College Undergraduate 16363 17.09 7,457 8% 8,906 9% Academic Degree Holder 18772 19.61 7,431 8% 11,341 12% Post Baccalaureate 1015 1.06 468 0% 547 1% Not Stated 423 0.44 193 0% 230 0% TOTAL 95722 47,005 49% 48,717 51% Source: NSO Census 2010

Highest Educational Attainment, 3 years old and above, 2010

In 2010, the household population, 3 years old and over, 7.31% were elementary graduates, while 16.38% were high school graduates. Another 2.55% were post-secondary graduates, 16.35% were college graduates, and 0.48% had a Master’s Degree.

Highest Educational Attainment, 3 years old and above, 2010 2010 Sex Male Female Educational Attainment # % # % No Grade 3,381 4.01 3,368 4 Day Care 959 1.14 857 1.02 Nursery/Kindergarten/Prep. 887 1.05 854 1.01 Grade 1 1,306 1.55 1,185 1.41 Grade 2 1,309 1.55 1,074 1.28 Grade 3 1,395 1.66 1,073 1.27

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Grade 4 1,292 1.53 1,082 1.28 Grade 5 1,314 1.56 1,056 1.25 Grade 6/7 494 0.59 411 0.49 Elementary Graduate 3,398 4.03 2,756 3.27 1st Year High School 1,684 2 1,388 1.65 2nd Year High School 1,778 2.11 1,516 1.8 3rd Year High School 1,427 1.69 1,479 1.76 4th/5th Year High School 496 0.59 454 0.54 High School graduate 7,059 8.38 6,734 7.99 1st year Post Secondary 266 0.32 181 0.21 2nd year Post Secondary 360 0.43 324 0.38 3rd year Post Secondary 90 0.11 73 0.09 Post-Secondary graduate 1,195 1.42 957 1.14 1st year College 1,806 2.14 2,092 2.48 2nd year College 1,922 2.28 2,381 2.83 3rd year College 1,501 1.78 1,776 2.11 4th year College or higher 676 0.8 715 0.85 College graduate 5,552 6.59 8,223 9.76 With units Masters/Doctors 97 0.12 119 0.14 Doctors/Master’s degree 162 0.19 239 0.28 Not Stated 27 0.03 29 0.03 Source: CBMS 2010

Highest Grade/year Completed of Household Population 5 Years Old and Over, 2010

In 2010 NSO Survey, there were 10,542 individuals aged 5-9 years old. Of the total age population, there were about 12% or 1,281 individual who did not complete any grade. Among them are 658 males and 623 females. In age group 10-16 y/o, there were 3.11% or 43 individuals, 22 males and 21 females who were not able to complete any grade. Likewise, in age group 17-35 y/o and over, 685 or around 1% of the total age group population did not finish any grade.

There were a total of 6,333 aged 5-9 y/o were able to complete 1st to 4th grade (elementary). For age 10-16 y/o, 936 males and 849 females graduated elementary. In high school level, 1,251 graduated while 5,337 were undergraduates. Moreover, there were 148 who reached post-secondary, and 364 were college undergraduates.

There were 18,772 Academic Degree Holders in 2010 (aged 17-35 and over). For Post Baccalaureate level, 1,015 individuals were able to complete. There were also 15,979 who were college undergraduates, 2,923 post- secondary, 21,938 high school level (5,522 undergraduates and 16,416 graduates), and 5,739 elementary graduates.

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Household Population 5 Years Old and Over by Highest Grade/Year Completed, 2010 Highest 5-9 y/o 10-16 y/o 17-35 y/o and over Grade/Year Both Both Both Male Female Male Female Male Female Completed Sexes Sexes Sexes No Grade 658 623 1,281 22 21 43 214 471 685 Completed Preschool 1,538 1,390 2,928 10 2 12 4 8 12 Elementary 3,318 3,015 6,333 3,563 3,090 6,653 5,601 4,004 9,605 1st - 4th Grade 3,318 3,015 6,333 1,360 1,060 1,700 1,368 895 2,263 5th - 6th Grade - - - 1,267 1,181 2,448 965 638 1,603 Graduate - - - 936 849 1,785 3,268 2,471 5,739 High School - - - 2,991 3,597 6,588 11,935 10,003 21,938 Undergraduate - - - 2,491 2,846 5,337 3,255 2,267 5,522 Graduate - - - 500 751 1,251 8,680 7,736 16,416 Post Secondary - - - 59 89 148 1,543 1,380 2,923 Undergraduate - - - 59 89 148 225 171 396 Graduate ------1,318 1,209 2,527 College - - - 142 222 364 7,315 8,684 15,979 Undergraduate Academic Degree ------7,431 11,341 18,772 Holder Post baccalaureate ------468 547 1,015 Not Stated - - - 47 78 125 146 152 298

TOTAL 5,514 5,028 10,542 6,834 7,099 13,933 34,657 36,590 71,247 Source: PSA 2010

Household Population, 5 to 24 years old Attending School, 2007

Seventy percent of those between aged 5 to 24 years old were attending school in SY 2007-2008. Of the 70%, 33% were males, and 36 % were females. For the thirty percent who were not attending, 14% were males and 16% were females. Of the total household population 5 to 24 yrs. old not attending school, 21% belonged to the age group 20 to 24 years old. And 7% belonged to the 15-19 years old group.

Household Population, aged 5 to 24 years old who are Attending School, 2007 HH Popn 5 to 24 Age Group % to Popn y/o Attending 5 - 9 % 10- 14 % 15 - 19 % 20 - 24 % Total 31316 70% 8629 19% 8089 18% 10782 24% 3816 8%

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Male 14979 33% 4497 10% 4042 9% 4630 10% 1810 4% Female 16337 36% 4132 9% 4047 9% 6152 14% 2006 4% HH Pop 5 to 24 y/o % to Popn Age Group Not Attending Total 13,603 30% 573 1% 305 1% 3,354 8% 9,371 21% Male 6,338 14% 318 1% 182 0% 1,581 4% 4,257 9% Female 7,265 16% 255 1% 123 0% 1,773 4% 5,114 11% Source: Census 2007

Household Population 5 to 24 years Old Who were attending School, and Place of School, 2010

There were 32,757 (5 to 24 y/o) who were attending school at any time from June 2009 to March 2010. This is composed of 15,895 males and 16,862 females. Of the 15,895 males, 12,823 of them studied in the same school in the municipality. 13,425 females from the total 16,862 also studied in the same school. Some 6,091 (2,866 males and 3,225 females) transferred to other municipality but in the same province. Only 418 studied to other provinces.

Household Population 5 to 24 Years Old Who Were Attending School at any time from June 2009 to March 2010 by Sex, and Place of School, 2010 Sex and Household Population 5 to 24 Place of School City/Municipality Years Old Who Were Attending Same Same Province Different of Present School at any time from June Province/ Different Province Residence 2009 to March 2010 Municipality Municipality Male 15,895 12,823 2,866 206 Female 16,862 13,425 3,225 212 Total 32,757 26,248 6,091 418 Source: NSO 2010

Highest Educational Attainment of those attending school, 3 years old and above, 2010

In 2010, there was a total of 29,083 who were attending school, where 5.87% were enrolled in the Day Care service, 6.22% were in pre-school, 49.37 were in elementary, 21.35% were in high school, 1.33% were in post-secondary school, 27.61% were in college, and 0.34% were taking their Masteral Degree.

Highest Educational Attainment of those Attending School, 2010 Sex Male Female Both sexes Grade/Year Level # % # % # % Day Care 855 2.94% 851 2.93% 1706 5.87% Nursery/Kindergarten/Preparatory 939 3.23% 870 2.99% 1809 6.22% Grade 1 1058 3.64% 990 3.40% 2048 7.04% Grade 2 1001 3.44% 922 3.17% 1923 6.61% Grade 3 964 3.31% 883 3.04% 1847 6.35% Grade 4 916 3.15% 869 2.99% 1785 6.14% Grade 5 883 3.04% 828 2.85% 1711 5.88%

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Grade 6/7 748 2.57% 781 2.69% 1529 5.26% Total in Elementary 7364 25.32% 6994 24.05% 14358 49.37% 1st Year HS 875 3.01% 851 2.93% 1728 5.94% 2nd Year HS 724 2.49% 810 2.79% 1534 5.27% 3rd Year HS 655 2.25% 767 2.64% 1422 4.89% 4th/5th Year HS 677 2.33% 847 2.91% 1524 5.24% Total in High School 2931 10.08% 3275 11.26% 6208 21.35% 1st year PS 128 0.44% 100 0.34% 228 0.78% 2nd year PS 48 0.17% 52 0.18% 100 0.34% 3rd year PS 28 0.10% 31 0.11% 59 0.20% Total in Post-Secondary 204 0.70% 183 0.63% 387 1.33% 1st year College 1020 3.51% 1366 4.70% 2386 8.20% 2nd year College 965 3.32% 1193 4.10% 2158 7.42% 3rd year College 786 2.70% 1031 3.55% 1817 6.25% 4th year College or higher 720 2.48% 949 3.26% 1669 5.74% Total in College 3491 12.00% 4539 15.61% 8030 27.61% Post Graduate School 40 0.14% 58 0.20% 98 0.34% Not Stated 3 0.01% 1 0.00% 4 0.01% Total 14033 48.25% 15050 51.75% 29083 100.00% Source: CBMS 2010

Household Population 5 to 24 Years Old who were currently attending School by Age Group and Sex, 2015 Household Population 5 to 24 Years Household Population Old who were currently attending 5 to 24 Years Old Age School Group Both Both Male Female Male Female Sexes Sexes 5 - 9 11,696 5,962 5,734 11,368 5,780 5,588 10 - 14 11,010 5,568 5,442 10,741 5,397 5,344 15 - 19 16,542 7,277 9,265 13,474 5,661 7,813 20 - 24 16,793 7,570 9,223 4,904 2,229 2,675 Total 56,041 26,377 29,664 40,487 19,067 21,420 Source: PSA 2015

Highest Grade Completed, 5 years Old and Over by Sex, 2015

In 2015 Census, 33% of the total population 5 years old and over have reached high school. 23% of them have graduated while the other 10% are undergraduates. 21% are in elementary level while another 21% are academic degree holders besides 17% who are college undergraduates.

Ecological Profile 2018

Highest Grade Completed 5 years old and over by sex, 2015 Highest Grade Both % to % to % to Males Females Completed Sexes total Total Total No Grade Completed 2,741 2 1,287 2 1,454 2 Pre-School 2,677 2 1,377 2 1,300 2 Special Education 128 0 62 0 66 0 Elementary 25,068 21 13,880 24 11,188 19 1st - 4th Grade 12,458 11 6,783 12 5,675 9 5th - 6th Grade 3,500 3 1,946 3 1,554 3 Graduate 9,110 8 5,151 9 3,959 7 High School 38,609 33 21,009 37 17,600 29 Undergraduate 11,598 10 6,324 11 5,274 9 Graduate 27,011 23 14,685 26 12,326 20 Post-Secondary 1,934 2 452 1 1,482 2 Undergraduate 73 0 29 0 44 0 Graduate 1,861 2 423 1 1,438 2 College Undergraduate 20,276 17 8,718 15 11,558 19 Academic Degree 24,832 21 9,648 17 15,184 25 Holder Post Baccalaureate 801 1 306 1 495 1 Not Stated 3 0 2 0 1 0 Total 117,069 100 56,741 100 60,328 100 Source: PSA 2015

Children, aged 6 to 16 years old, Not Attending Elementary and High School, 2010

In 2010, a total of 327 children between ages 6 to 12 years old were recorded to be not attending elementary. Barangay Poblacion had the most children who are not in elementary, and Bineng has the least number. While a total of 590 children between the ages of 13 to 16 years old were not attending high school. Of the barangays, Puguis recorded the most number while Bineng had the least number of children not attending high school.

No. of Children not attending Elementary and High School, 2010 Children 6 to 12 years old Children 13-16 years old Barangay Not attending Elementary Not attending High School Alapang 19 21 Alno 2 15 Ambiong 23 23 Bahong 17 36 Balili 32 52 Beckel 7 12

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Betag 1 6 Bineng 26 22 Cruz 14 16 Lubas 18 48 Pico 43 89 Poblacion 49 51 Puguis 28 91 Shilan 30 43 Tawang 5 40 Wangal 15 25

Total 327 590 Source: CBMS 2010

Projected School-age population by level

School-going age population in 2015 is at 48,767 or 37.76% of the municipal population, computed based on 2015 PSA survey. Pre-school age (3-6) is at 10,569 representing 8.18% of the total population in 2015. Ages 7- 12 or elementary school age is at 14,955 or 11.58% of 2015 municipal population. Secondary level or ages 13-16 is at almost 7.78% of the total population. In the tertiary level, group of 13-16 years old, there are 13,197 representing 10.23% of the total population.

Projected School-age population by level Base Year Grouping 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2015 School going age population 48,767 49,360 50,890 52,467 54,094 55,771 57,500 59,282 61,120 63,015 64,968 Pre-school (3-6) 10,569 9,334 9,624 9,922 10,230 10,547 10,874 11,211 11,558 11,917 12,286 Elementary (7-12) 14,955 12,679 13,072 13,477 13,895 14,326 14,770 15,228 15,700 16,187 16,689 Secondary (13-16) 10,046 10,824 11,159 11,505 11,862 12,229 12,609 12,999 13,402 13,818 14,246 Tertiary (17- 21) 13,197 16,522 17,035 17,563 18,107 18,669 19,247 19,844 20,459 21,093 21,747 Source: MPDO Computation based on 2015 PSA data

Ecological Profile 2018

Performance Indicators

Elementary Level

In terms of performance indicators, the cohort survival rate, which shows the proportion of enrolees in the beginning of the grade or school-year who reached grade 6, is at 94.31% in SY 2017-2018 where there is a higher rate in men.

The retention rate, the proportion of the enrolment in the school year that continues to be in school in the following year, is placed at a high 100.56% for SY 2017-2018.

The transition rate, the percentage of pupils who graduate from one level of education and move on to the next higher level (from primary to intermediate or from intermediate to secondary), is at a high 100% for school year 2017-2018.

There was no available data on repetition rate, the proportion of pupils who enrolled in the same grade/year more than once to the total number of pupils in that grade/year during SY 2017-2018.

The completion rate, the percentage of first year entrants in a cycle of education surviving to the end of the cycle, is at 93.75% during school year 2017-2018 with the males having the higher rate at 94.88%.

The Dropout rate, the proportion of pupils/students who leave school during the school year as well as those who complete the grade/year level but fail to enrol in the next grade/year level the following school year to the total number of pupils/students enrolled during the previous school year, is generally nil in the past school-years. In SY 2017-2018, it is computed at .45%.

The failure rate also shows a very low percentage for the past school years at 0.43% in SY 2017-2018. It has decreased from .63% during SY 2016-2017.

The Graduation rate, (the proportion of pupils/students who finished grade 6 in the present year compared to the number of pupils/students who enrolled in grade 6 in the present year), has been generally high in the past years, and even higher during the last school year with 97.67% for male graduates and 98.95% for female graduates or an average of 99.40% for SY 2017-2018.

Performance Indicators, Elementary Level, SY 2015-2016 to SY ’2017-2018

PERFORMANCE SY 15-16 SY 16-17 SY 17-18 INDICATORS (%) M F Ave. M F Ave. M F Ave. Cohort Survival 82 90 86 99.11 100 99.54 98.11 90.41 94.31 rate

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Retention rate 100 100 100 100 100 100 100.02 101.13 100.56 Transition rate 99 100 100 100 100 100 102.11 99.64 100.89 Repetition rate .46 .11 .29 .49 .33 .41 No Data Available Completion rate 79 90 84 93.92 98.92 96.03 94.88 92.58 93.75 Drop-out rate 1.24 .49 .87 .67 .04 .36 0.63 0.25 0.45 Failure rate .75 .19 .94 .50 .13 .63 0.71 0.14 0.43 Graduation rate 98 97 98 97.67 98.95 98.28 96.71 100 99.40 Source: DepEd- Division Office

High School Level

In School Year 2017-2018, the performance indicators in the high school level are generally lower compared to those in the elementary level. The completion rate is at a low 50.63%, 51.71% for females and 49.43% for males, at the average, completion rate is at a very low which means that only 50.63% of those enrolled in grade 1, six or ten years ago have actually completed elementary/secondary level in 2018. Performance indicators for SY 2017- 2018 covers only DepEd public schools since there are no available data for BSU and private schools. Rates are manually computed based on the available raw data collected by this office. High School indicators mostly decreased in SY 2017-2018 due to revision on formula which includes SHS from grades 7-10 in SY 2016-2017.

Performance Indicators, High School Level, SY ‘15 –’16, to SY ’17-‘18 SY SY SY PERFORMANCE ’15-‘16 ’16 –‘17 ’17 –‘18 INDICATORS Ave. Ave. Ave. M F M F M F Rate Rate Rate

Cohort Survival 69.56 87.43 78.39 82.17 100 91.04 51.71 52.90 52.34 rate Retention rate 87.86 95.42 91.71 100 100 100 81.53 91.45 86.67 Transition rate 94.06 95.66 94.84 100 100 100 72.08 76.69 74.37 Repetition rate 1.53 0.40 0.95 5.22 1.45 3.30 No Data Available Completion 68 85.58 76.69 68.45 89.55 78.94 49.43 51.71 50.63 rate Drop-out rate 4.45 1.92 3.16 0 0 0 4.35 1.63 2.88 Failure rate No Data Available No Data Available 4.38 1.23 2.68 Graduation 93.50 96.37 95.02 96.27 98.97 97.74 95.59 97.74 96.74 rate Source: DepEd-Benguet Division, /c: corrected from New Data

Ecological Profile 2018

Educational Facilities

There are a growing number of pre-schools in La Trinidad today with a total of 33 schools. There are 24 Public elementary schools in the municipality and one school for special children. In terms of secondary schools, there are 8 public and 7 private schools. The Benguet State University is the lone state university in the municipality and there are 8 private colleges. Moreover, there are a growing number of vocational/ technical schools. This may be due to the increased demand for skilled workers abroad. To date, there are 3 public schools and 23 registered private schools. Among the private technical vocational schools, there are 8 schools with language programs.

Pre- School & Elementary

Private Pre-Schools and Elementary Schools by Location, SY 2015-2016 Name of School Category Location 1. Advocates Academic College, Inc. Pre-school Balili 2. Benguet Learning Center, Inc. Pre- School& Elem. Wangal 3. Benguet Lilly Educational Center, Inc. Kinder I & II Shilan 4. Brilliant Child Christian Academy Pre-School & Elem. Km. 6, Betag 5. Central Balili Wesleyan Academy, Inc. Pre-School & Elem. Balili 6. Cordillera Career Development College Pre-School & Elem. Poblacion 7. Epiphany Learning Center Inc. Pre- School, Grades I-V Km. 5, Betag 8. Full Bright Preparatory School, Inc. Pre-School & Elem. Betag 9. Globalight Vision Center Pre-School, Grade I-IV Cruz 10. Holy Chapel Educational Center, Inc. Pre-School, Grade I-IV Poblacion 11. HOPE Christian Academy Pre-School & Elem. Km. 5, Balili 12. Immaculate Heart of Mary School of La Trinidad, Inc. Pre-School & Elem. Pico 13. Immanuel Family Learning Institute of the Phils. Inc. Pre-School & Elem. Ambiong 14. Keys of the Kingdom Ministries Learning Center Pre- School, Grades I-V Pico 15. King’s College of the Phils. - Benguet Pre-School to College Pico 16. La Trinidad Nazarene Learners Center Pre-School & Elem. Pico 17. Lifeway Preschool Pre-school Wangal 18. Little Flower Children’s Home Foundation, Inc. Pre-School & Elem. Km. 4, Balili 19. Orientian School, Inc. Pre-School & Elem. Betag 20. Our Lady of Nativity School of Ambiong, Inc. Pre-School Ambiong 21. Philippine Asia Bible College Foundation, Inc. Pre-school & Elem. Pico 22. Rainbow Mission Int’l Academy, Inc. Pre-School & Elem. Poblacion 23. Royal Educational Achievers School, Inc.- REACH Pre-School & Elem. Pico 24. San Jose School of La Trinidad, Inc. Pre-School & Elem. Poblacion 25. Shekinah Educational Center of Benguet, Inc. Pre-School & Elem. Pico 26. Star Educational Christian Foundation Pre-School & Elem. Pico 27. St. Therese School of Tomay, Inc. Pre-School & Elem. Bahong

Ecological Profile 2018

28. Sunbeam Learning Center Pre-School & Elem. Pico 29. Super Kids Learning Center Pre-School & Elem. Puguis 30. The Montessori Academy of La Trinidad, Beng., Inc Pre-School & Elem. Km. 4, Balili 31. Triniville Central Collge Pre-School Pico 32. UCCP Integrated School Pre-School & Elem. Cabanao Balili 33. VETEC Foundation, Inc. Pre-School & Elem. Shilan Source: DepEd 2016, MPDO Survey

List of Public Elementary Schools 1. Alapang Camp Dangwa E/S 13. Lamtang E/S 2. Alno Kadoorie E/S 14. Longlong E/S 3. Ambiong E/S 15. Lubas E/S 4. Bahong E/S 16. Pagal E/S 5. Balili E/S 17. Pico Bayabas E/S 6. Balukas E/S 18. Puguis E/S 7. Beckel E/S 19. Tacdian E/S 8 Bineng E/S 20. Tawang E/S 9. Bodiweng E/S 21. Talinguroy E/S 10. Buyagan E/S 22. Wangal E/S 11. Lamut E/S 23. Benguet Special Education Center 12. La Trinidad Central School 24. BSU Elementary Department

High School

List of High Schools by Location Private 1. San Jose High School Department Poblacion 2. CCDC High School Department Poblacion 3. Star Education Christian Foundation Pico 4. HOPE Christian Academy, Inc. Wangal 5. La Trinidad Nazarene Learners Center Pico 6. Rainbow Mission International Academy, Inc. Poblacion 7. Sunbeam Learning Center Pico 8. Kings College of the Philippines Pico 9. Philippine Asia Bible College Foundation, Inc. Pico 10. Precious Jewel School and Tutorial Center, Inc. 11. Benguet Learning Center Wangal 12. Holy Chapel Educational Center, Inc. Poblacion 13. North Skills Polytechnic College, Inc. Betag

Ecological Profile 2018

Public 1.Benguet National High School – Main Wangal 2. Benguet National High School – Alno Extension Alno 3. Benguet National High School – Bineng Extension Bineng 4. LT National H/S (formerly Benguet National High School Lubas Puguis Annex) 5. La Trinidad National High School Lubas 6. Cordillera Regional Science High School Wangal 7. Benguet State University – Voag High School Balili 8. Benguet State University – Science High School Balili 9. Eastern La Trinidad National High School (formerly Benguet Beckel National High School Extension Beckel) 10. Ambiong National High School Ambiong Source: Mayor’s Office (Licensing Division

Tertiary Level

List of Colleges and Universities by Location Public 1. Benguet State University Balili Private 1. Cordillera Career Development College Poblacion 2. King’s College of the Philippines-Benguet Pico 3. Luzon Nazarene Bible College Pico 4. Benguet Vocational School Colleges, Inc. Pico 5. HML International College Km. 4, Pico 6. Triniville Central College Km. 3, Balili 7. Culinary Arts Hotel Entrepreneurial & Travel Services Academy Inc. Km. 4, Balili 8. Philippine College of Ministry of Baguio City, Inc. Puguis Source: CHED

Technical Vocational Schools

List of Technical- Vocational Schools by Location Private with 1. Advocates Academic College, Inc. Km. 4, Pico Regular 2. Northskills Polytechnic College, Inc.(Formerly BOLTC) Programs 3. Benguet Vocational School Colleges, Inc. Pico 4. Cordillera Career Development College Poblacion 5. Cordillera Quest Betag 6. King’s College of the Philippines-Benguet Pico 7. Jekkara Overseas Training. Center, Inc. Balili 8. JPC Heavy Equipment Training Center

Ecological Profile 2018

9. Maxim Clark Academy, Inc. 10. Montañosa College Km. 6, Betag 11. La Trinidad Valley Institute of Technology Betag Private 1. Triniville Central College Km. 3, Balili with 2. Top Class Language Academy, Inc. Language 3. Dream English Learning Center Philippines, Inc. Km. 4, Pico Programs 4. The Units English Tutorial Institute, Inc. 5. Help English Language Program Inc. Puguis 6. Aim High English Academy Inc. 7. Talaria Academy for Learning English Inc. Beckel 8. Cordillera Speech Management & Rhetoric Training Services Other 1. Transcription Learning Center, Inc. Private 2. Lifetrend Academy, Inc. Pico 3. Flex Impact Security Training Services, Inc. 4. Immanuel Family Learning Institute of the Philippines, Inc. Public 1. Benguet Livelihood Productivity Center Wangal 2. Benguet State University Balili Source: TESDA, Licensing Section-Mayor’s Office

Enrolment by Level of Education

With the growing population, there is an increasing trend in enrolment at all levels of education.

Enrolment by Pre-School, Elementary, Secondary, and Tertiary (SY 2016-2017 to SY 2018-2019) SY SY SY School Level 16-17 Total 17-18 Total 18-19 Total Male Female Male Female Male Female Pre-School 974 831 1,805 1,226 1,156 2,382 1277 1175 2,452 Public 624 556 1,180 889 798 1,687 845 817 1,662 Private 350 275 625 337 358 695 432 358 790 Elementary 6,981 6,494 13,475 7,002 6,490 13,492 7,001 6,606 13,607 Public 4,924 4,648 9,572 5,015 4,724 9,739 5,018 4,781 9,799 Private 2,057 1,846 3,903 1,987 1,766 3,753 1,983 1,825 3,808 Junior High 3,798 3,947 7,745 4,147 4,334 8,481 4,322 4,542 8,864 Public 2,323 2,546 4,869 2,286 2,581 4,867 2,355 2,658 5,013 Private 1,685 1,680 3,365 1,861 1,753 3,614 1,967 1,884 3,851 Senior High 1,302 1,798 3,100 2,188 2,923 5,111 2,204 2,703 4,907 Public 450 782 1,232 612 994 1,606 610 930 1,540 Private 852 1,016 1,868 1,576 1,929 3,505 1594 1,773 3,367 Tertiary 4,935 9,621 14,556 4,093 7,261 11,354 6,110 11,705 17,815 Public 2,793 7,075 9,868 2,345 5,203 7,548 2,137 4,720 6,857 Private 2,142 2,546 4,688 1,748 2,058 3,806 3,973 6,985 10,958 Total 17,990 22,691 40,681 18,656 22,164 40,820 20,914 26,731 47,645 Source: DepEd- La Trinidad District, DepEd-Div. Officer, CHED

Ecological Profile 2018

Enrolment in technical/vocational course in 2017 increased by more than 227% from that of the enrolment in 2015 according to the records of TESDA-Benguet. Private technical/vocational schools had the most number of enrollees. Among the total enrollees were 5,592 males and 6,035 females. The increase maybe associated with the high demand of employment opportunities locally and abroad.

Enrolment in Technical & Vocational Schools, 2016-2018 TYPE OF 2016 2017 2018 TECHNICAL Total Total Total SCHOOL Male Female Male Female Male Female Public 404 599 1,003 988 1517 2,505 290 296 586

Private 7,105 4,229 11,334 4,604 4,518 9,122 2,764 3,312 6,076

Total 7,509 4,828 12,337 5,592 6,035 11,627 3,054 3,608 6,662 Source: TESDA

Number of Public School Teachers and Number of Classrooms, Elementary and High School Level, 2017

A total of 357 school teachers are in the Elementary Level in 2017. Most of them are paid by the DepEd while others are paid under the Municipal School Board. Pupils are conveniently having their class in the Elementary Level inside 322 classrooms.

For the High School level, 220 teachers cater to ever increasing school population in the public schools. There are also 122 classrooms which are being used by the high school student. Aside from public schools, there is a growing number of private schools which augments the public schools in the provision of educational needs of the school- going population of the Municipality.

No. of Public School Teachers and Classrooms, Elementary and High School Level, 2017 NO OF NO OF SCHOOL TEACHERS CLASSROOMS ELEMENTARY Alapang-Camp Dangwa 16 15 Alno-Kadoorie 14 13 Ambiong 15 17 Bahong 8 8 Balili 26 22 Balukas 4 4 Bekkel 16 14 Beng Sped Center 18 13 Bineng 7 8 Bodiweng 4 4

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Buyagan 32 35 La Trinidad Central 55 42 Lamtang 4 4 Lamut 8 7 Longlong 9 8 Lubas 21 14 Pagal 4 4 Pico 16 15 Puguis 38 35 Tacdian 16 15 Talingguroy 4 4 Tawang 14 14 Wangal 8 6 Total 357 322 SECONDARY BeNHS-Alno Annex 12 16 BeNHS-Bineng Annex 8 7 BeNHS-Longlong Annex 12 6 Eastern La Trinidad National High School-Beckel 24 12 Cordillera Regional Science High School 23 11 BeNHS-Main 118 60 La Trinidad National High School-Lubas 23 14 Total 220 126 Source: DepEd LT District Office

Number of Teachers and Classrooms in Public and Private Schools, 2018

With the increasing number of enrolment in all levels, there is a need for more teachers and classrooms . There was an increase of about 17% in the number of teachers and about 4.5% increase in the number of classrooms in Public Schools for 2018. Private schools are also expanding not only the number of teachers but also in number of academic classrooms.

No. of Teachers and Classrooms in Public Schools, 2018 Number of Teachers Number of Academic Level Male Female Total Classrooms Elementary 22 379 401 333 Junior High School 70 145 215 109 Senior High School 17 59 76 25 Total 109 583 692 467

Ecological Profile 2018

No. of Teachers and Classrooms in Private Schools, 2018

Number of Teachers Number of Academic Level Classrooms Male Female Total Elementary 24 227 251 243 Junior High School 39 111 150 112 Senior High School 56 128 184 131 Total 119 466 585 486 Source: DepEd Division Office

HOUSING

Number of Housing Units, by Construction Materials of the Outer Wall and Roof

In 2010 and 2015, most of the walls of occupied housing units were made up of concrete/brick/stone and roofs were made of galvanized Iron/Aluminum. Others are made of tile/concrete clay tiles or half galvanized iron and half concrete.

Occupied Housing Units by Construction Materials of the Outer Walls and Roof, 2010 Construction Materials of the Roof Total Half Construction Materials Occupied Galvanized Tile/Concrete % Galvanized Iron of the Outer Walls Housing Iron/ / Wood & Half Units Aluminum Clay Tile Concrete Concrete/Brick/Stone 16,355 63% 12,854 2,755 467 22 Wood 474 2% 438 10 5 18 Half Concrete, Half 4,186 16% 3,362 78 733 2 Wood Galvanized 4,858 19% 4,766 18 72 0 Iron/Aluminum Bamboo/Sawali/Nipa 43 0% 29 0 0 0 Asbestos 4 0% 4 0 0 0 Glass 1 0% 1 0 0 0 Makeshift Materials 41 0% 25 0 0 0 Others 6 0% 4 0 0 0 No Walls 0 0% 0 0 0 0 Not Reported 6 0% 2 0 0 0 TOTAL 25,974 100% 21,485 (83%) 2,861 (11%) 1,277 (4.92%) 42 (0.16%) Source: NSO 2010

Ecological Profile 2018

Occupied Housing Units by Construction Materials of the Outer Walls and Roof, 2015 Construction Materials of the Roof Construction Total Half Tile/ Bamboo Makeshift/ Materials of the Occupied Galvanized galvanized % concret / cogon/ salvaged/ Outer Walls and Housing iron/ iron and Asbestos Trapal e/ clay nipa/ improvised City/Municipality Units aluminum half tile anahaw materials concrete 82.02% 15.40% .24% .07% .02% .02% .03% Total 33,599 100% 27,559 5,173 822 23 5 6 11 Concrete/brick/stone 24,011 71% 18,466 5,074 463 2 5 1 - Wood 617 2% 594 2 15 6 - - - Half concrete/brick/stone 3,990 12% 3,590 76 322 2 - - - and half wood Galvanized 4,880 15% 4,831 21 21 6 - 1 - iron/aluminum Bamboo/sawali/ 24 0% 18 - - 6 - - - cogon/nipa Asbestos 1 0% 1 ------Glass 2 0% 1 - 1 - - - - Makeshift/salvaged/ 19 0% 14 - - 1 - 4 - improvised materials Trapal 13 0% 2 - - - - - 11 Others 42 0% 42 ------Source: PSA 2015

More and more buildings were occupied housing units. Single house type are mostly occupied in 2010 and 2015. Others are duplex and multi-residential, only 1% of the occupied housing units are commercial/industrial/agricultural.

Occupied Housing Units by type of Building, 2010 and 2015 2010 2015 Type of Building No. of Percentage No. of Buildings Percentage Buildings Single House 15,352 58% 15,842 40% Duplex 2,338 9% 4,073 10% Multi-unit Residential (3 or more 8,828 33% 19,223 48% units) Commercial/ Industrial/ Agricultural (Office Factory & 0% 536 1% Others) Institutional Living Quarter - 0% - 0% Other Housing Units 0% - 0% Not Reported - 0% 2 0% Total 26,518 100% 39,676 100% Source: PSA 2015

Ecological Profile 2018

Strong materials for both roofs and walls were used in the construction of most housing units in 2015. Some Housing units were built with mixed but predominantly strong materials in both census years 2010 and 2015. PSA Census results in 2015 show that while there are 34,157 households, there are 33,599 occupied housing units.

Number of Occupied Housing Units, Number of Households, Household Population, and Ratio of Households and Household Population to Occupied Housing Units by Type of Building, 2015 Ratio of Ratio of Household Occupied Average Households Number of Household Population Type of Building Housing Household to Occupied Households Population to Occupied Units Size Housing Housing Units Units

Single House 13,719 13,807 61,729 4.47 1.01 4.50 Duplex 3,679 3,756 15,335 4.08 1.02 4.17 Multi-unit Residential 15,781 16,163 49,882 3.09 1.02 3.16 Commercial/Industrial/Agricultural 418 429 1,407 3.28 1.03 3.37 Not Reported 2 2 7 3.50 1.00 3.50 Total 33,599 34,157 128,360 3.76 1.02 3.82 Source: PSA 2015

CBMS results in 2010 and 2015 reveals that most Occupied Housing Units are built with strong materials for durability but also poses some safety risks.

Occupied Housing Unit by Construction Materials, 2010 and 2015 Roofing Materials Wall Materials Construction Materials 2010 2015 2010 2015 # of HH % # of HH % # of HH % # of HH % Strong Materials 19,721 87 30,552 97.44 19,785 87 30,424 97.03

Light Materials 228 1 121 .38 251 1 124 .39 Salvaged/ Makeshift Materials 297 1 84 .27 189 1 66 .21 Mixed but Predominantly Strong 1,924 9 407 1.30 1,991 9 648 2.06 Mixed but Predominantly Light 302 1 89 .28 267 1 43 .14 Mixed but Predominantly Salvage 139 1 100 .32 128 1 47 .15 Not Stated 16 0 0 0 16 0 1 0.00 Total 22,627 100% 31,353 100 22,627 100 31,353 100 Source: CBMS 2010

Ecological Profile 2018

In year 2000, about 65% of the populace or 8,597 owned a house and 22% rented a place to stay. In 2010, majority of all households owned a house at 56%. More households now rented a house or room at 32% and 11% had rent- free houses.

Tenurial Status of housing units, 2000 & 2010 Year 2000, NS0 2010, CBMS Year 2010, NSO Tenurial Status # % # % Tenurial Status # % Own house 8,597 65% 12,972 57% Owned/being amortized 14,366 56 Rent house/room 2,851 22% 7,183 32% Rented 8,401 32 Rent-free house 1,318 10% 2,340 10% Rent-free with consent of owner 2,768 11 Other tenure 442 3% 130 1% Rent-free without status consent of owner 231 1 Total 13,208 22,625 Total 25,766 Source: NSO, CBMS

Tenurial Status of House and Lot, 2015

Community Based Monitoring System (CBMS) census results in 2015 revealed that 38.491% of the total households are living in their own house and lot. Another 45.156% of families live in rented house and lot. A percentage of 13.05 are families living in rent-free house and lot with consent of owner.

Tenurial Status of House and Lot, 2015 Percentage Tenurial Status Number (%) Own house and lot 12,133 38.491 Rent house and lot 14,234 45.156 Own house, rent lot 99 0.314 Own house, rent-free lot with consent of owner 777 2.465 Own house, rent-free lot without consent of owner 96 0.305 Rent-free house & lot with consent of owner 4115 13.054 Rent-free house & lot without consent of owner 36 0.114 Living in public space with rent 11 0.035 Living in public space without rent 3 0.010 Other Tenure Status 18 0.057 TOTAL 31,522 100.000 Source: CBMS 2015

Ecological Profile 2018

PSA Census results in 2010 and 2015 show that more or less 50% of the total households both in 2010 and 2015 had own or owner-like possession of house and lot. Others rent their dwelling units and some had rent-free dwelling places with consent of owners.

Tenure Status of Housing Unit/Lot, 2010 and 2015 Tenure Status of Housing Unit/lot 2010 % 2015 % No. of Households 26,717 100 34,157 100 Own or Owner-Like Possession of 14,366 54% 15,489 45% House and Lot Rent House/Room including Lot 8,401 31% 14,518 43% Own House Rent Lot - - 118 0% Own House Rent-Free Lot with - - 686 2% Consent of Owner Own House Rent-Free Lot without - - 36 0% Consent of Owner Rent-free House and Lot with 2,768 10% 3,300 10% Consent of Owner Rent-free House and Lot without 231 1% 10 0% Consent of Owner Not Applicable 947 4% - - Not Reported 4 0% - - Source: PSA 2015

Majority to all housing units, at 68% of all housing units, had a floor area of less than 69 sq. m. in year 2000. In 2010, 20% had a floor area of less than 49 m2 which had an equal percentage rate with that of less than 19 m2 floor area.

Floor Area by Housing Units, 2000 & 2010 2000 2010 Floor Area (sq. m.) Floor Area (sq. m.) Housing Units % Housing Units % Less than 69 9246 68 50-69 3,348 18 70- 119 2190 16 30-49 3,832 20 120 + 1593 12 20-29 3,514 19 Not Reported 499 4 10-19 3,827 20 Total 13,528 5-9 3,074 16 less than 5 1,243 7 Total 18,838 Source: PSA, 2000, 2010

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Dwelling Units by Type

Single detached houses are still the preferred type of homes for most of the homeowners at 15,038 in year 2010. However, in 2015 PSA census, more occupied housing units are multi-unit residential which represents almost 47% and almost 41% are single structure.

Comparative Type of Housing Structure, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2015 Type of Structure 1990 2000 2010 2015 1. Single 6,859 9,460 15,038 13,719 2. Duplex 424 1,562 2,204 3,679 3. Multi-Unit Residential 2,038 2,286 8,538 15,781 4. Commercial/ Agricultural /Industrial 77 127 179 418 5. Institutional Living Quarters 2 2 12 - 6. Not Reported 93 3 2 Total 9,411 13,528 25,974 33,599 Source: PSA

Approved Buildings for Construction

In terms of building construction, the trend has been steadily increasing over the years. There was a sudden decrease of 60% in the total number of permits issued in 2016 which may be attributed to drastic increases in prices of construction materials. Nevertheless, permits issued in 2017 doubled its number from that in 2016 and is continually increasing bringing in 338 in 2018.

Building Permits Issued, 2015-2018 Year 2015 2016 2017 2018 Residential 264 77 199 231 Commercial 57 35 31 18 Residential/Commercial - 32 52 55 Institutional - 3 5 2 Others 53 4 23 32 Total 374 149 310 338 Source: Municipal Engineering Office

CBMS results in 2010 revealed that the main source of drinking water is bottled/purified/distilled water (considered by authorities as safe drinking water), with 12,441 households or 54.98% of all households. NSO data also show that most households finds it best to drink bottled water. It represents 15,046 or 56.32% of the total 26,717 households in 2010.

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Main Source of Drinking water, 2010 CBMS 2010 NSO 2010 Main Source of Drinking Water Main Source of Drinking Water # of hh % # of hh % Own use faucet community water Community Water System 4,606 20.36 7,144 26.74 system Shared faucet community water Shared Community Water System 1,588 7.02 1,556 5.82 system Own Deepwell 226 1.00 Own use tubed/piped deep well 287 1.07 Shared Deepwell 277 1.22 Shared tubed/piped deep well 171 0.64 Own Artesian well 8 0.04 Tubed/piped shallow well 254 0.95 Shared Artesian well 44 0.19 Dug Well 94 0.35 Own Shallow well 16 0.07 Protected Spring 1,462 5.47 Shared Shallow well 97 0.43 Unprotected Spring 364 1.36 River, Stream, Lake, Spring, other 2,937 12.98 Lake, river, rain and others 45 0.17 bodies of water Bottled Water / Purified / Distilled 12,441 54.98 Peddler 209 0.78 Tanker/Peddler 292 1.29 Bottled Water 15,046 56.32 Others 87 0.38 Others 85 0.32 Not Stated 8 0.04 - Total 22,627 100.00 Total 26,717 100 Source: CBMS, NSO 2010

For those households who do not use bottled / purified / distilled water, for 6,499 households or 62% of all households, the source of drinking water is still within the premises of their home. For 19%, their main source of drinking water is outside their premises within 250 meters or less. And for 8%, access to safe water is more difficult.

Distance of home to the Main Source of Drinking water, 2010 Distance of the Source of Drinking Water from home # of hh % Within premises 6499 62% Outside premises but 250 meters or less 2023 19% 251 meters or more 847 8% Don’t know 1,049 10% Total 10,418 100.00% Source: CBMS 2010

Source of Water for Drinking, 2015 Own Use Faucet Community Water System 2,679 8% Shared Faucet Community Water System 442 1% Own Use Tubed/Piped Deep Well 231 1% Shared Tubed/Piped Deep Well 194 1% Tubed/Piped Shallow Well 3 0%

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Dug Well 41 0% Protected Spring 1,724 5% Unprotected Spring 990 3% Lake River Rain and Lake 31 0% Peddler 131 0% Bottled Water 27,691 81% Others - 0% Not Reported - 0% Source: PSA 2015

Water Supply for Cooking

Almost 60% of the total households in 2015 have their water supply thru their own faucet which they use in cooking. The water supply is thru a Community Water System. Others have their water supply thru shared faucet or CWS, protected and unprotected springs, bottled water and others.

Water Supply for Cooking, 2015 No. of Source of Water Supply for Cooking Percentage Households Own Use Faucet Community Water System 19,925 58% Shared Faucet Community Water System 4,382 13% Own Use Tubed/Piped Deep Well 1,236 4% Shared Tubed/Piped Deep Well 1,264 4% Tubed/Piped Shallow Well 45 0% Dug Well 246 1% Protected Spring 2,571 8% Unprotected Spring 1,638 5% Lake River Rain and Lake 83 0% Peddler 997 3% Bottled Water 1,709 5% Others 61 0% Not Reported 0 0 Source: PSA 2015

Electricity

In year 2000, at least 89% of households used electricity for lighting, about 4.6% used Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and 3.9% used kerosene. In 2010, 97.02% or 25,921 households used electricity for lighting. Much lesser number of households used kerosene and LPG as compared to users 10 years ago. Only 2% of the total households in La Trinidad are not using electricity for lighting in 2015. This means, government effort to provide electricity even to far flung barangays and sitios are felt by the constituents provided mostly thru BENECO and other sources of electricity.

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` Fuel used for Lighting, 2000 F u e l U s e d f o r L i g h t i n g Total Kerosene Liquified HH Electricity (Gas) Petroleum Oil Others Gas (LPG) 13,658 12,193 539 628 11 287 Percent 89.27 3.95 4.60 0.08 2.10 Source: 2000 Census

Fuel used for Lighting, 2010 F u e l U s e d f o r L i g h t i n g Total Kerosene Liquified HH Electricity (Gas) Petroleum Oil Others/None Gas (LPG) 26,717 25,921 427 258 - 90/20 Percent 97.02 1.59 .96 0.0 .41 Source: 2010 Census

Fuel used for Lighting, 2015 Solar Total HH Electricity Kerosene LPG Oil Solar Panel Others Pump 34,157 33,607 134 16 5 35 133 227 Percent 98% 0.39% 0.05% 0.01% 0.10% 0.39% 1% Source: PSA 2015

In year 2010, 97% of all households had electrical connections, where the average monthly electric bill was P 632.59. The remaining 3% or 746 households had no electrical connections.

Households with Electrical Connections, 2010 # of HHs Electrical Connections Not Total Barangay With Without Stated Alapang 844 33 1 878 Alno 415 73 - 488 Ambiong 1,328 47 - 1,375 Bahong 908 33 - 941 Balili 4,777 14 - 4,791 Beckel 723 43 - 766 Betag 1,157 3 1 1,161 Bineng 299 50 - 349 Cruz 673 5 - 678 Lubas 1,115 14 - 1,129 Pico 3,181 136 - 3,317

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Poblacion 1,905 33 - 1,938 Puguis 1,565 58 - 1,623 Shilan 720 84 4 808 Tawang 1,352 30 - 1,382 Wangal 913 90 - 1,003 Total 21,875 746 6 2,627 % 97% 3% 0% 100% Source: CBMS 2010

Cooking Convenience

In terms of fuel used for cooking in 2010, 94.26% used LPG, 2.09% used electricity, 1.28% used kerosene, and using wood is not already a practice. Households prefer to use LPG as it is the easiest and even sometimes cheapest way of cooking.

Kind of Fuel Used for Cooking, 2010 Fuel for Cooking Total Number Liquified Kerosene Not of Households Electricity Petroleum Gas Charcoal Wood Others None (gaas) Reported (LPG) 26,717 558 343 25,184 44 589 - - - Percent 2.09 1.28 94.26 .16 2.20 - - - Source: Census 2010, NSO

Garbage Disposal

Solid Waste Management Practices

Waste Segregation

At least 81.82% of all households in year 2015 claim to segregate their waste. But there are different ways of segregating. The municipal government advocates for at least three separate garbage cans for biodegradables, recyclables, and residuals.

A separate study conducted by the TWG for SWM in early 2011 shows that, for those segregating their garbage, 50% segregate garbage correctly: into biodegradables, residual, and recyclable garbage. At least 41% segregate the biodegradable from the non-biodegradable, and 9% segregate only the recyclables.

Recyclables

About 48.22% claim to practice recycling in 2015.

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Composting

In 2015, almost 24% claim to practice composting, of whom 1.42% have a covered compost pit and 2.11% have an open compost pit.

Burning & Dumping

Although ill-advised, due to the bad emissions into the air, burning is practiced by 6.13% of all households in 2015 and still a few dump their garbage in the river, mountain sides, and vacant lots.

Garbage Disposal for Collection

Almost all households at 96.32% of households in 2015 dispose of their garbage through garbage collection, wherein majority is through the municipal garbage collector.

As to frequency of disposal for collection in 2010, almost one third, 32% of all households dispose of their garbage daily, 23% bring it out once a week , and 20% of all household dispose their garbage twice a week.

SWM Information

Knowledge regarding proper solid waste management practices, most often than not, come in the following order: 1. Television and Radio 2. Billboards, Posters, and tarpaulin 3. Flyers and brochures 4. Family members 5. School 6. Church

SWM Practices by Household, 2010 and 2015 2010 2015 SWM Practices # % to total # % to total # of # of hh hh Garbage Collection 21,229 93.82% 30,362 96.32 Burning 3,271 14.46% 1,932 6.13 Composting 8,922 39.43% 7,484 23.74 Recycling 13,348 58.99% 15200 48.22 Waste Segregation 16,492 72.89% 25792 81.82 Compost Pit with Cover 1,680 7.42% 449 1.42 Compost Pit without 4,135 18.27% 664 2.11 Cover Others 111 0.49% 3 .01 Source: CBMS

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SWM Disposal by Type of Collector, 2010 Collector/ Municipal Garbage Barangay Garbage Private Garbage Not None Barangay Collector Collector Collector Stated Alapang 821 22 2 33 - Alno 3 441 1 43 - Ambiong 299 1,018 6 2 50 Bahong 93 747 1 100 - Balili 4,697 78 1 15 - Beckel 629 3 - 126 8 Betag 1,147 11 - 3 - Bineng 2 156 1 190 - Cruz 605 66 3 4 - Lubas 302 691 1 135 - Pico 2,302 971 8 36 - Poblacion 29 1,867 1 41 - Puguis 1,339 56 2 226 - Shilan 3 711 - 94 - Tawang 32 1,318 5 27 - Wangal 28 697 5 273 - Municipal 12,331 8,853 37 1,348 58 % 54.50% 39.13% 0.16% 5.96% 0.26% Source: CBMS 2010

Frequency of Disposal, 2010 Barangay Daily 3x a Week 2x a Week Once a Week Others None Alapang 205 35 124 481 33 Alno 2 15 - 428 - 43 Ambiong 82 32 1,085 124 - 52 Bahong 57 114 157 513 - 100 Balili 1,862 2,100 693 121 - 15 Beckel 14 6 - 620 - 126 Betag 344 341 451 22 - 3 Bineng 1 3 - - 155 190 Cruz 485 61 118 8 2 4 Lubas 74 218 100 581 21 135 Pico 1,410 179 1,561 131 - 36 Poblacion 1,792 37 9 59 - 41 Puguis 858 65 100 371 3 226 Shilan 6 146 39 450 73 94

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Tawang 86 27 9 1,233 - 27 Wangal 11 595 116 7 1 273 Municipal 7,289 3,974 4,562 5,149 255 1,398 % 32% 18% 20% 23% 1% 6% Source: CBMS 2010

Data from the 1998 Feasibility Study for the Integrated Waste Management and Development (FS-IWMD) in the BLISTT shows that about 53% of garbage is biodegradable: organics comprise 28% while 25% are yard wastes. About 26% of wastes are recoverable materials: paper at 14%, glass at 2%, metals at 4% and plastics at 6%. Other un-reusable wastes are other combustible wastes and other dry waste for a total of 21%.

WASTE Paper/Cardboard COMPOSITION 14% Yard Waste 1998 25% Other combustible 11%

Plastics 6%

Glass Organics 2% Other dry 28% Metals waste 4% 10%

As to garbage disposal in year 2010, about 83% of the garbage was disposed for collection by the Municipal Garbage trucks, about 2% practiced burning, and about 4% dumped their garbage in individual pits. Only 8.71% practiced composting of biodegradable wastes and 0.36% buried their garbage. Proper waste segregation is a continuing advocacy of the Municipal Government to maximize the use of the present Sanitary Landfill.

Usual Manner of Garbage Disposal, 2000 U S U A L M A N N E R O F G A R B A G E D I S P O S A L Total Picked up Dumping in Composting Feeding HH by Garbage Individual Pit Burning (Later Used Burying to Others Truck (Not Burned) as Fertilizer) Animals

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13,658 9,961 798 2,425 193 182 89 10 percent 72.93 5.84 17.76 1.41 1.33 0.65 0.07 Source: Census 2000, NSO

Usual Manner of Garbage Disposal, 2010 No. of hh M a n n e r o f G a r b a g e D I s p o s a l Picked up by Dumping in Burning Composting Burying Feeding to Others Garbage individual Animals truck pit 26,717 22,153 942 574 2,327 97 1,614 10 % 82.92 3.53 2.15 8.71 0.36 6.04 0.04 Source: NSO 2010

A study conducted by the TWG for SWM, in August 2007, shows a great change in the waste classification done in 1998. Residuals comprise an average of 55%. Biodegradable comprise 37% and recyclables comprise 8.7%.

Type of Garbage Brought out for Collection, 2007 Type of Garbage brought out for collection Urban (%) Rural (%) Ave. Biodegradable 35.68 37.68 36.68 Residual 52.07 57.14 54.605 Recyclable 12.25 5.18 8.715 Source: TWG-SWM, 2007

Data from the 2014 Solid Waste Management Sector Project, Project Preparatory Technical Assistance of ADB (PPTA-8115 PHI) for La Trinidad show that about 49% of garbage is biodegradable: organics comprise 33% while 16% are yard wastes. About 23% of wastes are recoverable materials: paper at 11%, glass at 4%, metals at 2% and plastics at 6%. Other un-reusable wastes are other combustible wastes and other dry waste for a total of 28%.

other Paper/ Cardboard, 11% Organics Combustible 33% WASTE 28% COMPOSITION 2013

Metals/Tin Cans Yard wastes 2% Glass 16% 4% Plastics…

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Waste Composition from Various Wastes Sources, 2013 Waste Types Commercial/Industrial Institutional Residential Market Food Wastes 5.23 7.9 1.04 16.63 Vegetable/Organic/Food trimmings 22.45 15.89 34.62 28.68 Fish entrails/Chicken Feathers 0.13 0 0 0.72 Dead Animals 0.09 0 0 0 Coconuts (husks, trimmings, whole) 2.89 0.73 4.71 1.11 Wet and soiled paper 8.93 17.51 7.24 12.61 Garden trimmings, leaves 0.19 3.82 0 0 Wood (lumber) 1.01 0.84 0.43 0.13 Glass Bottles (whole, unbroken) 3.46 3.19 8.08 1.8 Metals 0.12 0.48 0.36 0 Tin can, aluminum cans, bottle caps 1.91 1.32 1.71 0.49 white paper, cardboard, carton 19.4 7.13 1.33 2.963 newspapers, magazines, other papers 4.1 5.01 1.86 0.44 Plastic bottles, PET 2.77 3.35 3.05 1.72 PE Plastic 2.09 0.3 0.37 1.24 Other Plastics, hard plastics 1.68 3.24 3.94 2.24 Plastic bags and wrappers 11.29 17.92 9.76 13.98 Marine shells (oysters, clams, mussels) 0.23 0 0.46 0 Textiles, clothes 2.43 2.06 2.23 5.39 Styro 0.82 1.25 0.59 1.03 Leather, rubber 0.89 0.29 2.59 0.84 E-Wastes (CD's, USB's, e-parts, c.p.s) 0.13 0.32 0.04 0 Diapers 3.46 0 11.45 Hair 0.28 0 0.02 6.86 Others (cigarette butts, broken glass, ceramics) 1.23 1.98 1.44 Hazardous wastes (battery, light bulbs, aerosols, pesticies, paint cans, brushes) 0.21 0.18 0.22 0.02 Fines (10 mm) 2.59 5.29 2.48 1.12 TOTAL 100 100 100 100 Source: SWMSP, LT SPAR 2014

SW Generation in La Trinidad, 2013 Generation (in metric SW Sources % tons/day) Residential 52.80 56.45% Commercial/Industrial 11.62 12.42% Institutional 3.60 3.85% Markets 25.52 27.28% Total 93.54 100.00% Composite generation rate in kg/capita/day* 0.78 Residential generation rate in kg/capita/day * 0.44 Source: SWMSP TA-8115PHI LT SPAR, 2014

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The composite generation rate for La Trinidad, that is the generation rate considering all possible sources of wastes included in this WACS, is 0.78 kg/capita/day. However, since the wastes from the vegetable trading posts are not directly affected by the population of the municipality but by market demand, these wastes will not be used in deriving the SW generation rate that shall be used for the projections for waste generation as illustrated in the following table. Moreover, management of the vegetable wastes from the trading posts is different from those of the other sources.

Total waste generation without the wastes from the trading posts, is 72.57 metric tons per day.). The trading post residuals was included in this total, since this includes wastes from the establishments near the trading posts. The generation rate is 0.60 kg per capita per day.

SW Generation (without trading posts wastes), 2013 Generation Solid Waste Sources % (in metric tons/day) Residential 52.80 72.76% Commercial/Industrial 11.62 16.01% Institutional 3.60 4.96% Markets (1993 & 2002) 4.55 6.27% Total 72.57 100.00% SW Generation rate (less wastes from the vegetable trading posts) in kg/capita/day* 0.60 Source: SWMSP TA-8115PHI LT SPAR, 2014

Without the wastes from the trading posts, the residential wastes comprise more than 70% of the solid waste stream. The remaining more than 20% is shared by the other sources.

Solid Waste Generation from Local Markets, 2013 Market Waste Source Daily generation (in metric tons) Trading post residuals 1.903 Public Market 2.649 Trading posts Biodegradables 20.969 Total 25.521 Source: SWMSP TA-8115PHI LT SPAR, 2014

Considering the households alone, the generation rate is only 0.44 kg. per capita per day. The ensuing table shows that the middle income households have the lowest generation rate at 0.39 kg/capita/day while the high income households have the highest generation rate at 0.62 kg/capita/day. Among the major waste sources, market wastes have the highest percentage of biodegradable wastes at nearly 60% and the lowest in recyclables, special wastes and fines.

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Residential SW Generation Rate per Income Bracket, 2013 Income Brackets SW Generation Rate (in kg/capita/day) Low Income 0.42 Middle Income 0.39 High Income 0.62 Residential Generation Rate 0.44 Source: SWMSP TA-8115PHI LT SPAR, 2014

Commercial wastes have the highest percentage of recyclables at more than 35%, while residential wastes is highest in residuals at more than 28%. Among these waste sources, biodegradable wastes are mostly, vegetable/food trimmings, and wet or soiled paper. Recyclables are mainly glass bottles, white paper, cartons, and other papers; while residuals are mostly plastic bags and wrappers and disposable diapers.

The loose density varies among the waste sources. The market wastes have the highest loose density at 182 kg per cu.m., which may be attributed to the weight of the biodegradable materials. The institutions have the lowest, at 77%, which may be attributed to its recyclables which are mainly paper, and to its residuals which are mostly plastic food wrappers, and to its biodegradables that are more of soiled paper.

Waste Type Composition (in %) and Loose SW Density in Major Waste Sources Waste Type Commercial/Industrial Institutions Residential Markets* Biodegradables 40.92 46.69 48.03 59.87 Recyclables 35.53 24.02 20.70 10.89 Residuals 20.75 23.82 28.57 28.10 Special Wastes 0.21 0.18 0.22 0.02 Fines 2.59 5.29 2.48 1.12 Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 Loose Density 107.28 77.49 105.64 182.03 (in kg/m3) Source: SWMSP TA-8115PHI LT SPAR, 2014

For commercial & industrial establishments, those in the semi-urban and rural areas generate more biodegradable wastes than those in the urban areas. But the latter generate more recyclables than the former. Although this result may have been affected by the type of generators sampled, it may also be attributed to the types of establishments located in these areas.

Waste Type Composition (%) of Commercial/Industrial Wastes Commercial / Industrial Waste Type Semi-urban/Rural Urban LGU-wide Biodegradables 53.44 39.04 40.92 Recyclables 22.33 37.51 35.53 Residuals 21.17 20.69 20.75

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Special Wastes 0.05 0.23 0.21 Fines 3.01 2.53 2.59 Total 100.00 100.00 100.00

Source: SWMSP TA-8115PHI LT SPAR, 2014

Among the three (3) HH income classifications, the low-income households generate the least percentage of biodegradable wastes at 41%, but the highest percentage of residuals at 32% and recyclables at 24%. The middle-income households generate the highest percentage of biodegradables at 55% and the lowest percentage of recyclables.

Waste Composition of Residential Wastes, 2013 Middle- High-Income Residential LGU- Waste Type Low-Income HH Income HH HH Wide Biodegradables 41.71 55.49 53.16 48.03 Recyclables 24.23 14.75 21.59 20.69 Residuals 32.09 25.89 22.60 28.57 Special Wastes 0.21 0.30 0.11 0.22 Fines 1.77 3.57 2.54 2.48 Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 Source: SWMSP TA-8115PHI LT SPAR, 2014

For the wastes from the trading posts and the public markets, majority of the wastes generated are biodegradable and only more than a quarter are residuals.

Composition of Wastes from Markets, 2013 Waste Type Trading Post Public Markets Markets*

Biodegradables 64.81 58.95 59.87 Recyclables 5.61 11.87 10.89 Residuals 27.24 28.26 28.10

Special Wastes 0.00 0.02 0.02 Fines 2.33 0.89 1.12 Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 Source: SWMSP TA-8115 LT SPAR

For the vegetable trading posts, (both public and private), the solid wastes generated are mainly vegetable trimmings. Both sites generate more than 10 tons each daily. The loose density of the carrot trimmings was not measured but using the plastic sacks where they were stored, the loose density is 495kg/sack.

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The main trading post generates trimmings from other vegetables as well as decaying vegetables. From the characterization of one whole truckload of wastes from the trading post, more than 96% are vegetable wastes and a little over 3% consists of food wastes, soiled paper used in wrapping the vegetables, glass and PET bottles, PE plastics used in packing the vegetables, plastic bags and food wrappers, textiles, and styrofoam food packaging. The average loose density of the vegetable trimmings from the trading post is 230 kg/cu.m. The table below shows the projected waste generation based on population for the next 25 years.

Waste Volume Projection over Observation Period in 5-year Steps (m3)

Generation/ 2013 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 Collection Urban A 21,329 22,811 27,413 33,656 42,130 53,657 69,375 Urban B 45,913 49,103 59,010 72,449 90,692 115,504 149,339 Urban C 34,474 36,870 44,308 54,399 68,096 86,727 112,132 Rural 13,529 14,674 17,997 22,114 27,222 33,568 41,464 Institutional 8,061 9,429 13,951 20,641 30,539 45,185 66,853 Market 6,806 7,515 9,628 12,335 15,804 20,247 25,939 Business 22,926 27,887 45,507 74,261 121,183 197,753 322,703 Trading Post 33,904 35,413 39,483 44,022 49,082 54,724 61,014 Waste Collection 186,944 203,701 257,298 333,876 444,748 607,363 848,820

Source: SWMSP TA-8115PHI LT SPAR, 2014

The estimated 50.07 tons of wastes delivered to the sanitary landfill is composed of more than 25 tons of biodegradable, nearly 4 tons of recyclables, and more than 21 tons of residuals, special wastes and fines.

Comparative SW Composition of Collected and Dumped Wastes, 2013 Dumped SW (less Estimated quantity of Collected Solid Waste Type segregated by Dumped Solid Wastes (in Waste (%) collectors), % tons) Biodegradable 49.94 51.58 25.83 Recyclables 10.14 7.72 3.86 Residuals 38.06 38.79 19.42 Special 0.15 0.14 0.07 Fines 1.71 1.77 0.89 Total 100 100 50.07 Source: SWMSP TA-8115PHI LT SPAR, 2014

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WASTE CLASSIFICATION Recyclable 2013 26% Biodegradable 53% Residual 21%

Source: BLISTT

The factors that affect this may be due to:

 The increase in the use of packaging materials, which are mostly residuals by manufacturers;  The increased awareness of residents to segregate recyclables to either re-use, recycle or sell it to the junk shops;  Lifestyle consumption pattern changes that induce consumers to buy products that are disposable after a single use;  The propensity of some residents to compost their garbage at home.

Liquid Waste Management

Toilet Facilities

The Municipal Health Office reports that in 2018, 22,806 households had sanitary toilets. Based on 2015 Census of population and housing results, there are 34,157 households. With the data reported by the MHSO, only 67% of the total households actually had sanitary toilets.

Toilet Facilities, 2012-2018 Type of Toilet 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 HH w/ Sanitary Toilet 16,906 18,936 20,844 22,325 23,093 22,410 22,806 HH w/o Sanitary Toilet 1,130 1,118 581 - - - - HH w/o Toilet 75 67 46 - - - - HH Sharing Toilet 2,169 ------Source: MHO

However, actual CBMS survey results in year 2010 show that 21,184 households or 93% of all households had sanitary (water-sealed to septic tanks) toilets. And 174 or 3.76% of all households have unsanitary toilets (closed or open pit), and 34 households had no toilet at all.

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NSO survey results in 2010 census of population and housing revealed a total of 19,820 (74.18%) of the 26,717 total households had water sealed toilets with own septic tank. About 20.60% or 5,505 households had water sealed toilet facility sharing septic tank with other households. CBMS results in 2010 and 2015 are also presented on the following tables.

Kind of Toilet Facility, 2010 Kind of Toilet Facility Water- Water- Water- Water-sealed sealed other Others Total sealed sealed other sewer septic depository (pail Number of sewer septic depository tank used used Closed Open system None Households tank shared shared with exclusively by exclusively Pit Pit and with other other household by others) households households household 26,717 19,820 5,505 298 100 526 449 5 15 % 74.18 20.60 1.12 0.37 1.97 1.68 0.02 0.06 Source: NSO 2010

Toilet Facilities by Barangay, 2010 and 2015 Type of Water-sealed Water-sealed Flush Toilet / Flush to Septic Close Pit Open Pit No Toilet Not Stated Barangay to Septic Tank- own Tank- shared 2010 2015 2010 2015 2010 2015 2010 2015 2010 2015 2010 2015 Alapang 730 745 100 81 30 18 5 0 0 Alno 285 401 47 112 83 69 117 4 0 Ambiong 1,074 1395 149 79 72 78 8 0 0 Bahong 712 939 152 203 43 39 31 8 3 0 Balili 2356 2970 2416 2747 7 6 - 0 1 6 Beckel 526 793 108 117 87 42 15 3 0 Betag 606 247 548 2295 7 0 - 0 0 Bineng 200 1189 74 23 71 4 - 0 0 Cruz 576 634 90 134 7 4 - 0 1 Lubas 712 1098 356 188 38 20 - 3 0 Pico 2,222 3642 994 2093 54 41 - 6 1 0 Poblacion 1,340 2132 575 891 14 2 - 6 1 Puguis 1,245 1499 236 686 49 91 7 0 0 Shilan 463 752 170 290 78 90 54 2 2 0 2 Tawang 1,161 1259 132 479 57 30 2 1 0 Wangal 715 778 114 319 153 17 41 4 0 Municipal 14,923 20,470 6,261 10,745 850 39 543 371 32 4 8 2

% 65.95% 64.94% 27.67% 34.09% 3.76% .12% 2.40% 1.18% 0.14% 0.01% 0.04% 0.006% Source: CBMS 2010 and 2015

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Sanitation Facilities by Barangay, 2018 HH with HH with HH w/ complete satisfactory Barangay Sanitary basic disposal of Toilet sanitation solid wastes facilities Alapang 791 791 789 Alno 509 509 506 Ambiong 1263 1263 1260 Bahong 916 916 913 Balili 3349 3349 3320 Beckel 692 692 685 Betag 1721 1721 1698 Bineng 287 287 285 Cruz 657 657 649 Lubas 1088 1088 1072 Pico 4112 4112 4110 Poblacion 2331 2331 2290 Puguis 1596 1596 1569 Shilan 854 854 841 Tawang 1592 1592 1571 Wangal 1049 1049 1031 Total 22806 22806 22590 Source: MHSO

Sewerage Facilities

There is no sewerage system in the municipality. Most often than not, most households release waste waters from their household into canals. Much worse are the reports of the alleged households that release septic wastes into the waterways.

At the strawberry fields of Betag, the La Trinidad Water District put in place a mini - sewerage facility that will process the waters from the households of Betag before it is released for irrigation. This is being managed by the strawberry farmers themselves in cooperation with the local water district.

Labor Force and Employment

The labor force participation rate for the region is more or less 65% on the average and 69% for the province of Benguet. In La Trinidad, it was at a low 60%. In addition, the employment rate in the region is an average of 94% between years 2013 to 2015. In the province, it is slightly lower at 92.46% between 2003, 2009, and 2013. In La

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Trinidad, CBMS 2015 reveals a 71% labor force participation rate or a 4% increase from 2010. However, employment rate is at 96.76%.

Comparative Labor Force and Employment, Benguet and CAR CAR BENGUET Labor Force and Employment Ave. 2013 2014 2015 2003 2009 2013 Labor Force Participation Rate 69.3 66.8 59.40 65 69 69 - Employment Rate 95.9 94.4 93.00 94 89.3 91 97.10 Unemployment Rate 4.1 5.6 5.10 4.93 10.7 9 2.90 Visible under employment rate - 10.7 29.90 20.3 4.6 4.6 - Source: NSCB Stat Watch, PSAF

Labor Force, La Trinidad, 2010 & 2015 2010 2015 Labor Force M F Total % M F Total % Potential Labor Force (population 15-64 29,493 30,175 59,668 67% 34,643 37,951 72,594 71% years old) Labor Force Participation Rate Employment Rate 95.02% 96.76% Those who are 15-64 Years Old 20,309 12,835 33,144 92.75% 24,307 16,694 41,001 95.44% Those who are 14 Years Old and Below 42 27 69 .19% 29 9 38 0.09% Those who are 65 Years Old and Above 422 318 740 2.07% 285 247 532 1.24% Unemployed/Unemployment Rate 812 968 1,780 4.98% 637 754 1,391 3.24% Source: CBMS 2010 and 2015

Nature of Employment

Comparing the data between 2010 and 2015, 67% of employed individuals were permanent in 2010 and 54% in 2015. Ratio of employment between males and females is almost the same for the two census years and most of the employed are males.

Nature of Employment by Sex, 2010 & 2015 Nature of 2010 2015 Employment # % Total # % Total Sex M F M F # % M F M F # % Permanent 13,387 9,373 39 28 22,760 67 12,449 8,925 32 23 21,374 54

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Short-term, seasonal, 6,097 3,298 18 10 9,395 28 9,929 6,465 25 16 16,394 42 casual Intermittent 1,289 506 4 1 1,795 5 1,044 515 3 1 1,559 4 Different jobs Not Stated 1 2 0 0 3 0 - - 0 0 - 0 Total 20,774 13,179 61 39 33,953 100 23,422 15,905 60 40 39,327 100 Source: CBMS 2010 and 2015

Local Employment by Type of Industry

The wholesale and retail trade generates most of the employment in the municipality. This is followed by agriculture, then by other small industry.

Employment by Type of Industry and Sex, 2010

Employment by Type of Industry M F Total %

Agriculture, Mining, and Forestry 4797 2258 7055 20.78 Mining and Quarrying 659 29 688 2.03 Fishing 59 46 105 0.31 Manufacturing 483 480 963 2.84 Electricity, Gas, and Water Supply 491 108 599 1.76 Construction 2795 88 2883 8.49 Wholesale /Retail and Vehicle Repair 3419 4196 7615 22.43 Hotel and Restaurants 506 558 1064 3.13 Transportation, Storage, and Communication 2966 340 3306 9.74 Financial Intermediation 156 222 378 1.11 Real Estate, Renting, and Business Activities 394 333 727 2.14 Public Administration and Defense 1322 574 1896 5.58 Education 675 1521 2196 6.47 Health and Social Work 246 645 891 2.62 Other Community, Social/Personal Activities 1103 867 1970 5.80 Private HHs with Employed Persons 618 857 1475 4.34 Extra- territorial Organization 84 49 133 0.39 Others 2 7 9 0.03 Total 20,775 13,178 33,953 100 Source: CBMS 2010

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Employment by Type of industry by sex, 2015 Number Percentage (%) Employment by Type of Industry Total % M F M F Accommodation and Food Service Activities 715 944 3 6 1,659 4 Activities of HHs as employers; undifferentiated goods & services producing activities of HHs for 5 37 0.02 0.23 42 0.11 own use Administrative & Support Service Activities 1,509 1,497 6 9 3,006 8 Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 5,011 1,894 21 12 6,905 18 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 161 93 1 1 254 1 Construction 3,718 94 16 1 3,812 10 Education 592 1,693 3 11 2,285 6 Electricity, Gas, Steam and Air Conditioning 87 13 0.37 0.08 100 0.25 Supply Financial & Insurance Activities 103 217 0.44 1 320 1 Human Health & Social Work Activities 261 863 1 5 1,124 3 Information and Communication Services 354 231 2 1 585 1 Manufacturing 1,032 650 4 4 1,682 4 Mining and Quarrying 656 16 3 0 672 2 Other Service Activities 463 1,941 2 12 2,404 6 Professional, Scientific & Technical Activities 406 350 2 2 756 2 Public Administration & Defense; Compulsary 1,057 562 5 4 1,619 4 Social Security Real Estate Activities 75 112 0.32 1 187 0.48 Transportation & Storage 3,214 62 14 0.39 3,276 8 Water Supply, Sewerage, Waste Management & 116 20 0.50 0.13 136 0.35 Remediation Activities Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor 3,660 4,447 16 28 8,107 21 Vehicles and Motorcycles Source: CBMS 2015

Primary Occupation or Business

Most people in 2010 are service/market sales workers representing 25% of the total workers and 21% were laborers and skilled workers. In 2015 workers in the service/market sales increased by 12% while laborers and skilled workers increased by 8%.

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Primary Occupation by Sex, 2010 and 2015 2010 2015 Primary Occupation or # % Total # % Total Business M F M F # % M F M F # % Sex Officials of Gov't and Special- Interest Organizations, Corporate Executives, Managers, Managing Proprietors and Supervisors 836 590 2% 2% 1426 4% 1747 2057 5% 5% 3804 10% Physical, Mathematical & Engineering Science Professionals 1232 1976 4% 6% 3208 9% 1428 2503 4% 6% 3931 10% Technician and Associate Professionals 848 488 2% 1% 1336 4% 940 1008 2% 3% 1948 5% Clerks 297 764 1% 2% 1061 3% 863 2087 2% 5% 2950 8% Service Workers and Shop and Market Sales Workers 4026 4566 12% 13% 8592 25% 2689 2517 7% 7% 5206 13% Farmers, Forestry Workers and Fishermen 3764 1713 11% 5% 5477 16% 2282 636 6% 2% 2918 8% Trades and Related Workers 2039 838 6% 2% 2877 8% 2898 381 7% 1% 3279 8% Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers 1993 140 6% 0% 2133 6% 3155 111 8% 0% 3266 8% Laborers and Unskilled Workers 5294 1877 16% 6% 7171 21% 7037 4337 18% 11% 11374 29% Special Occupations 440 220 1% 1% 660 2% ------Not Stated 5 7 0% 0% 12 0% ------Total 20775 13178 61% 39% 33953 100% 23039 15637 60% 40% 38676 100% Source: CBMS 2010

Of the total population of 107,188 of which 72,399 people in the working age group, 41,068 individuals or 56.72% are gainfully employed in La Trinidad. Most of them are employed as Laborers and Unskilled Workers. 4,958 are males and 5,102 are females. Professionals accounted to only 9.37% or 3,849 of the total persons who are gainfully employed. Some 6,526 individuals, 5,541 males and 985 females are employed as Farmers, Forestry Workers and Fishermen. The data shows that while the Municipality is fast urbanizing, farming is still one of the occupation of many residents in La Trinidad.

Gainful Workers 15 Years Old and Over by Major Occupation Group, Age Group and Sex, 2010 Total Gainful Workers 15 Sex, Major Occupation Group Years Old and Over Total Male Female Officials of Government and Special Interest Organizations, Corporate Executives, Managers, Managing Proprietors, and 4,744 2,406 2,338 Supervisors

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Professionals 3,849 1,449 2,400 Technicians and Associate Professionals 1,349 731 618 Clerks 1,591 600 991 Services Workers and Shop and Market Sales Workers 4,208 2,342 1,867 Farmers, Forestry Workers and Fishermen 6,526 5,541 985 Trade and Related Workers 3,902 3,542 359 Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers 4,009 3,830 179 Laborers and Unskilled Workers 10,060 4,958 5,102 Armed Forces 19 19 0 Other Occupation Not Elsewhere Classified 5 0 5 Not Reported 806 365 441 Total 41,068 25,783 15,285 Source: NSO 2010

Class of Worker by Sex

NSO census results in 2010 show that 41,068 workers composed of 25,786 males and 15,285 females and who are aged 15 years old and over were gainful workers. 34% of the males worked for private business while only 12.80% of the females work in the same class. A total of 19,231 or 46.83% of workers aged 15 years old and over were gainful workers in 2010.

Class of Worker by Sex, Census 2010 Class of Worker Gainful Workers 15 Years Old and Over Sex Male % Female % Total Total (%) Worked for private household (domestic services) 174 0.42 1,988 4.84 2,162 5.26 Worked for private business/enterprise/farm 13,973 34.02 5,258 12.80 19,231 46.83 Worked for government/government corporation 2,233 5.44 2,078 5.06 4,312 10.50 Self-employed without any paid employee 8,050 19.60 3,877 9.44 11,927 29.04 Employer in own farm or business 309 0.75 129 0.31 438 1.07 Worked with pay in own family-operated farm or 74 0.18 36 0.09 110 0.27 business Worked without any pay in own family-oriented 955 2.33 1,894 4.61 2,849 6.94 farm or business Not Reported 15 0.04 25 0.06 40 .10 TOTAL 25,783 63% 15,285 37% 41,068 100 Source: NSO 2010

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Results of the CBMS in 2010 and 2015 shows that according to classification of workers, most of the workers are working in private establishments followed by self-employed, and those who work for a household. Those who work for the government and other government corporations accounted to 12% in 2010 and 11% in 2015.

Class of Worker by Sex, CBMS 2010 and 2015 2010 2015 Class of Worker # % Total # % Total Sex M F M F # % M F M F # %

Work for a household 3,277 1,898 10% 6% 5175 15% 3314 4490 13% 13% 7,804 13%

Work for a private 8,728 4,407 26% 13% 13135 39% 13322 16200 54% 47% 29,522 50% establishment Work for Gov't or 2,136 1,824 6% 5% 3960 12% 2227 4344 9% 13% 6,571 11% Gov't Corp Self-employed 3,987 3,287 12% 10% 7274 21% 3603 5940 15% 17% 9,543 16% without employees Employer in own 1,060 700 3% 2% 1760 5% 716 772 3% 2% 1,488 3% farm or business Work with pay on 439 247 1% 1% 686 2% 238 266 1% 1% 504 1% own farm/ business Work without pay on 1,145 814 3% 2% 1959 6% 1231 2140 5% 6% 3,371 6% own farm/business

Not Stated 2 2 0% 0% 4 0% 0 0 0% 0% - 0%

Total 20,774 13,179 61% 39% 33953 100% 24651 34152 100% 100% 58,803 100% Source: CBMS 2010 and 2015

Gainful Workers 15 Years Old and Over, 2010

Gainful workers in 2010 were classified according to the major kind of business or industry they worked with. PSA Census revealed that most of the gainful workers were in Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing.

Gainful Workers 15 Years Old and Over by Major Kind of Business or Industry and Sex, 2010

GAINFUL WORKERS 15 Years Old and Over Major Kind of Business or Industry Both Male % Female % % Sexes Agriculture Forestry and Fishing 7,199 18 2,922 7 10,120 25

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Mining of Quarrying 530 1 10 0 540 1 Manufacturing 1,281 3 880 2 2,161 5 Electricity, Gas, Steam and Air Conditioning Supply 185 0 44 0 229 1 Water Supply, Sewerage, Waste Management and 70 0 10 0 80 0 Remediation Activities Construction 3,526 9 101 0 3,627 9 Wholesale and Retail Trade; and Repair of Motor Vehicles 3,905 10 4,048 10 7,954 19 and Motorcycles Transportation and Storage 3,564 9 34 0 3,598 9 Accommodation Food Service Activities 646 2 514 1 1,160 3 Information and Communication 264 0.64 115 0 379 1 Other Occupation Not Elsewhere Classified 120 0 190 0 310 1 Real Estate Activities 63 0 59 0 121 0 Professional, Scientific and Technical Activities 215 1 106 0 320 1 Administrative and Support Service Activities 691 2 207 1 898 2 Public Admin. and Defense; Compulsory Social Security 1,621 4 814 2 2,435 6 Education 841 2 1,782 4 2,623 6 Human Health and Social Work Activities 316 1 1,033 3 1,349 3 Arts, Entertainment and Recreation 49 0 45 0 94 0 Other Service Activities 674 2 2,322 6 2,996 7 Activities of HHs as Employers and Undifferentiated Goods 9 0 25 0 34 0 and Services and Producing Activities of HHs for Own Use Activities of Extraterritorial Organizations and Bodies - 0.06 - - - - Not Reported 15 0 25 0 40 0 Total 25,784 63% 15,286 37% 41,068 100 Source: NSO 2010

Gainful Workers by Major Occupation, 2015

Service and Sales workers was the occupation of most gainful workers in 2015 which represents 20% of the total gainful workers population. Service and sales workers provide personal and protective services related to travel, housekeeping, catering, personal care, and selling goods in wholesale or retail shops. 16% of the total gainful workers have Elementary Occupations such as street vendors, laborers and domestic helpers.

Gainful Workers 15 Years Old and Over by Major Occupation Group, by Sex, 2015 Both % to % to Occupation % to total Males Females Sexes total total Managers 7,105 13 3,112 6 3,993 7 Professionals 6,750 12 2,426 4 4,324 8 Technicians and Associate Professionals 2,632 5 1,446 3 1,186 2 Clerical Support Workers 2,805 5 942 2 1,863 3

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Service and Sales Workers 10,812 20 5,253 9 5,559 10 Skilled Agricultural Forestry and Fishery 6,437 12 5,122 9 1,315 2 Workers Craft and Related Trades Workers 4,323 8 3,768 7 555 1 Plant and Machine Operators and 5,687 10 5,432 10 255 0 Assemblers Elementary Occupations 8,776 16 4,890 9 3,886 7 Armed Forces Occupations 47 0 45 0 2 0 Other Occupation Not Elsewhere Classified - - - - - 0 Not Reported 40 0 18 0 22 0 Total 55,414 100 32,454 59 22,960 41 Source: PSA 2015

Usual Activity/Occupation, 2015

About 41% of the total number of persons with occupation in 2015 belongs to the non-gainful workers and special occupation. Non-gainful workers are those working but are not receiving regular salaries and special occupation workers are those employed in the defense and peace keeping groups of the government and its support groups.

Usual Occupation by Sex, 2015 Both % to % to % to Occupation Male Female Sexes total total total Chief Executives Senior Officials and Legislators 275 0.29 167 0.18 108 0.12 Administrative and Commercial Managers 181 0.19 81 0.09 100 0.11 Production and Specialized Services Managers 523 0.56 389 0.42 134 0.14 Hospitality Retail and Other Services Managers 6,126 6.54 2,475 2.64 3,651 3.90 Science and Engineering Professionals 955 1.02 781 0.83 174 0.19 Health Professionals 1,743 1.86 392 0.42 1,351 1.44 Teaching Professionals 2,938 3.14 678 0.72 2,260 2.41 Business and Administration Professionals 508 0.54 191 0.20 317 0.34 Information and Communication Technology 119 0.13 87 0.09 32 0.03 Professionals Legal Social and Cultural Professionals 487 0.52 297 0.32 190 0.20 Science and Engineering Associate Professionals 339 0.36 280 0.30 59 0.06 Health Associate Professionals 402 0.43 108 0.12 294 0.31 Business and Administration Associate 1,215 1.30 595 0.64 620 0.66 Professionals Legal Social Cultural and Related Professionals 470 0.50 292 0.31 178 0.19 Information and Communications Technician 206 0.22 171 0.18 35 0.04

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General and Keyboard Clerks 1,226 1.31 375 0.40 851 0.91 Customer Service Clerks 1,274 1.36 448 0.48 826 0.88 Numerical and Material Recording Clerks 229 0.24 95 0.10 134 0.14 Other Clerical Support Workers 76 0.08 24 0.03 52 0.06 Personal Service Workers 2,523 2.70 1,193 1.27 1,330 1.42 Sales Workers 6,005 6.41 2,521 2.69 3,484 3.72 Personal Care Workers 626 0.67 99 0.11 527 0.56 Protective Services Workers 1,658 1.77 1,440 1.54 218 0.23 Market-Oriented Skilled Agricultural Workers 6,387 6.82 5,077 5.42 1,310 1.40 Market-Oriented Skilled Forestry Fishery And 49 0.05 45 0.05 4 0.00 Hunting Workers

Subsistence Farmers Fishers Hunter and Gatherers 1 0.00 - - 1 0.00 Building and Related Trades Workers excluding 1,910 2.04 1,885 2.01 25 0.03 Electricians Metal Machinery and Related Trades Workers 965 1.03 932 1.00 33 0.04 Handicraft and Printing Workers 265 0.28 106 0.11 159 0.17 Electrical and Electronics Trades Workers 386 0.41 372 0.40 14 0.01 Food Processing Wood Working Garment and Other 797 0.85 473 0.51 324 0.35 Craft And Related Trades Workers Stationary Plant and Machine Operators 1,315 1.40 1,235 1.32 80 0.09 Assemblers 302 0.32 161 0.17 141 0.15 Drivers and Mobile Plant Operators 4,070 4.35 4,036 4.31 34 0.04 Cleaners and Helpers 2,276 2.43 194 0.21 2,082 2.22 Agricultural Forestry and Fishery Laborers 2,882 3.08 1,595 1.70 1,287 1.37 Laborers in Mining Construction Manufacturing and 2,573 2.75 2,407 2.57 166 0.18 Transport Food Preparation Assistants 208 0.22 112 0.12 96 0.10 Street and Related Sales and Service Workers 303 0.32 143 0.15 160 0.17 Refuse Workers and Other Elementary Workers 534 0.57 439 0.47 95 0.10 Commissioned Armed Forces Officers 40 0.04 38 0.04 2 0.00 Non-Commissioned Armed Forces Officers 4 0.00 4 0.00 - - Armed Forces Occupations Other Ranks 3 0.00 3 0.00 - - Non-gainful Activities and Special Occupations 38,201 40.81 12,238 13.07 25,963 27.73 Not Reported 40 0.04 18 0.02 22 0.02 TOTAL 93,615 100 44,692 47.74 48,923 52.26 Source: PSA 2015

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Professionals

A total of 4,544 professionals are found in the municipality, of whom 35% are teachers, 22% are nurses, and 11% are engineers. In totality, 78% of all the professionals are males, and 22% are females.

Type of Professionals by Sex, 2010 Type of Profession # % Total Sex M F M F # % Agriculturist/ Fisheries Technologists 98 16 2% 0% 114 3% Architect 19 7 0% 0% 26 1% Attorney-at-Law 70 8 2% 0% 78 2% Certified Public Accountant 99 19 2% 0% 118 3% Chemist 3 1 0% 0% 4 0% Chief Mate (Marine Deck Officer) 5 3 0% 0% 8 0% Criminologist 399 47 9% 1% 446 10% Dentist 38 6 1% 0% 44 1% Engineer 403 85 9% 2% 488 11% Forester 41 4 1% 0% 45 1% Librarian 5 6 0% 0% 11 0% Medical Doctor/Physician 44 14 1% 0% 58 1% Medical Laboratory Technician 6 1 0% 0% 7 0% Medical Technologist 27 7 1% 0% 34 1% Midwife 53 18 1% 0% 71 2% Nurse 746 269 16% 6% 1015 22% Nutritionist Dietitian 13 6 0% 0% 19 0% Occupational Therapist 3 0 0% 0% 3 0% Occupational Therapy Technician 2 0 0% 0% 2 0% Optometrist 8 1 0% 0% 9 0% Pharmacist 38 10 1% 0% 48 1% Physical Therapist 9 4 0% 0% 13 0% Professional Teacher 1204 397 26% 9% 1601 35% Radiologic Technologist 4 1 0% 0% 5 0% Social Worker 30 13 1% 0% 43 1% Veterinarian 19 7 0% 0% 26 1% X-Ray Technician 4 1 0% 0% 5 0% Others 159 44 3% 1% 203 4% Total 3549 995 78% 22% 4544 100% Source: CBMS 2010

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Overseas Employment

In 2010, about 3,364 were employment overseas. About 16% were in Hong Kong, 13% were in Saudi Arabia, and 9% in Canada. The rest are scattered almost everywhere in the world.

Country of Work, 2010 Country of Work # % Australia 66 2% Canada 306 9% China 74 2% Cyprus 41 1% Hongkong 544 16% Israel 91 3% Italy 82 2% Japan 221 7% Korea 143 4% Kuwait 47 1% Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 21 1% Macao 29 1% Malaysia 42 1% New Zealand 29 1% Qatar 65 2% Saudi Arabia 421 13% Singapore 123 4% South Africa 13 0% Spain 29 1% Switzerland 14 0% Taiwan 128 4% Thailand 23 1% United Arab Emirates 152 5% United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 185 5% United States of America 217 6% Other Country 258 8% Total 3,364 100% Source: CBMS 2010

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Kind of Work Abroad

As to type of work abroad, a big portion equivalent to 43% were service workers, shop and market sales workers. However in 2015, laborers and unskilled workers were the highest in number. 49% of the workers abroad are laborers and unskilled workers. Professional workers in physical, mathematical and engineering sciences is still seen among the type of work abroad.

Type of Work Abroad by Sex, 2010 and 2015

Type of Work 2010 2015 Abroad # % Total # % Total Sex M F M F # % M F M F # % Officials of Gov't and Special-Interest Organizations, Corporate Executives, 238 106 7% 3% 344 10% 37 8 3% 0% 45 2% Managers, Managing Proprietors and Supervisors Physical, Mathematical, and 386 255 11% 8% 641 19% 129 319 11% 19% 448 16% Engineering Science Professionals Technician and Associate 58 47 2% 1% 105 3% 94 33 8% 2% 127 4% Professionals Clerks 12 21 0% 1% 33 1% 25 24 2% 1% 49 2% Service Workers, Shop, and Market 921 520 27% 15% 1441 43% 87 194 8% 11% 281 10% Sales Workers Farmers, Forestry Workers and 76 42 2% 1% 118 4% 48 9 4% 1% 57 2% Fishermen Trades and Related 33 38 1% 1% 71 2% 177 20 15% 1% 197 7% Workers Plant and Machine Operators and 30 80 1% 2% 110 3% 221 21 19% 1% 242 8% Assemblers Laborers and 183 76 5% 2% 259 8% 324 1080 28% 63% 1404 49% Unskilled Workers Special Occupations 149 78 4% 2% 227 7% 0 0 0% 0% 0 0% Others 8 7 0% 0% 15 0% 0 0 0% 0% 0 0% Total 2094 1270 62% 38% 3364 100% 1142 1708 100% 100% 2850 100% Source: CBMS 2010

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There has been an increasing number of Overseas Workers. In 2013, there were only 10,964 overseas workers processed at the POEA-CAR. Around 18,295 composed of “balik-mangagawa”, “agency hire” and “name hire” classified as land-based overseas workers were recorded by the Philippine Overseas Workers Administration (POEA) in 2016. In 2017, A total of 1,148 land-based overseas workers from La Trinidad were processed, while sea-based OFW applications were processed on-line. There were no data available with POEA in 2018 with regards overseas employment.

Comparative Employment by Overseas Workers, 2013-2017 2017 Overseas Workers 2013 2014 2015 2016 Male Female Land-based *10,964 *13,757 *16,292 18,295 348 800 Sea-based *1,572 *1,801 *2,005 2,177 0 0 Not stated 39 59 81 81 0 0 Total *12,575 *15,617 *18,378 20,553 348 800 Source: POEA, *corrected from new data

Unemployment and Job Search Method

Around 1,780 unemployed individuals used different ways in their job search. CBMS census in 2010 and 2015 show the following methods used by jobseekers.

Job Search Method by Sex, 2010 and 2015 2010 2015 Job Search Method # % Total # % Total Sex M F M F # % M F M F # % Registered in public 65 104 4% 6% 169 9% 22 28 3% 4% 50 4% employment agency Registered in private 175 216 10% 12% 391 22% 38 77 6% 10% 115 8% employment agency Approached employer 120 155 7% 9% 275 15% 43 42 7% 6% 85 6% directly Approached 231 209 13% 12% 440 25% 82 66 13% 9% 148 11% relatives/friends Answered private 209 252 12% 14% 461 26% 70 130 11% 17% 200 14% advertisements Others,Applied on line 12 30 1% 2% 42 2% 5 6 1% 1% 11 1%

Not Stated 2 0% 0% 2 0% 377 405 59% 54% 782 56% - Total 812 968 46% 54% 1780 100% 637 754 100% 100% 1391 100% Source: CBMS 2010 and 2015

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Reasons for not searching or applying for a Job

There are a lot of reasons why a person does not look for a job. Results of CBMS census in 2010 and 2015 states that the reasons why individuals do not look for work is that they are in school and others are performing housekeeping tasks in their own houses.

Reasons for not applying for a Job by Sex, 2010 and 2015 Reasons for Not 2010 2015 applying for a Job # % Total # % Total Sex M F M F # % M F M F # % Believes no work is 284 161 1% 1% 445 2% 193 37 2% 0% 230 1% available Awaiting results of previous job 391 402 2% 2% 793 3% 821 826 7% 4% 1647 5% application Temporary 306 200 1% 1% 506 2% 337 230 3% 1% 567 2% illness/disability Bad Weather 23 28 0% 0% 51 0% 3 2 0% 0% 5 0% Waiting for 252 172 1% 1% 424 2% 223 178 2% 1% 401 1% rehire/job recall Too young/old, retired, 814 767 3% 3% 1581 6% 1689 1896 15% 8% 3585 11% permanently disabled Housekeeping 589 7706 2% 31% 8295 34% 1016 9778 9% 44% 10794 32% In School 5431 6645 22% 27% 12076 49% 6744 9309 61% 42% 16053 48% Other reasons 274 278 1% 1% 552 2% 81 114 1% 1% 195 1% Total 8364 16359 34% 66% 24723 100% 11107 22370 100 100 33477 100 Source: CBMS 2010

RECREATION and SPORTS FACILITIES

Sports and recreational facilities available in the municipality are mostly provided in educational institutions, government offices, local government projects, educational institutions and private commercial establishments. The

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Municipal Gymnasium was constructed in 2008 serving as an additional sports venue. The varied sports facilities of the Wangal Sports Complex are available facilities taking aside small sports facilities around the municipality.

Facilities in Educational Institutions

The Benguet State University (BSU) within the municipality has the biggest sports complex consisting of the following facilities: a. Two gymnasium (one open and one closed) e. Two Tennis courts b. Open basketball court f. One sepak takraw court c. One track oval g. One open court for throwing events d. Two volleyball courts

Private educational institutions like the Cordillera Colleges and other private schools have courts for holding their respective athletic activities. Some but not all public schools have their multi-purpose grounds for holding sports activities. Though not adequate enough in themselves, these grounds which may be used by students for sports and general activities are found in the elementary schools in the following barangays:

Buyagan Lubas Longlong Ambiong Tacdian Balukas Alno Ambiong Bineng Lamut Pagal BSU Alapang Beckel Puguis Tawang La Trinidad Central School Regional Science H/S

Public Parks and Playgrounds

Aside from the mini-park (Municipal Park) in front of the Municipal Hall, the local government has plans of developing a portion of the Puguis Communal Forest as Children’s Playground. The area is being developed further as a public park that will allow varied natural recreational activities.

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Private Facilities

Private enterprises are catering to the sports and recreational needs in the municipality. A sole swimming pool located in barangay Bineng is managed by a private entity. A number of privately run gymnasiums and dance centers are also proliferating in the area. Cockfight aficionados patronize a sole “bulangan” in Shilan.

PROTECTIVE SERVICE

Number of Police Personnel – The Municipal Police Station is manned with one hundred sixteen personnel of which eighty-three (83) are males and 23 are females. Police to population ratio at present is at 1:1,283 which exceeds the ideal proportion of 1:1000. With the joint effort of the Police and the community and the continual support from the Municipal Government, there was a significant decrease in crimes during the past three years (2016-2018) of about 46%.

During the past year 2018, records of the Municipal Police Station states that 35% were victims of theft, 30% were victims of physical injuries, 24% were victims of robbery, and the remaining 11% were victims of murder, homicide, rape and carnapping.

Types and Volume of Crime, Civil Status, Sex, and Age of Victims, 2018 CIVIL STATUS SEX AGE CLASSIFICATION OF NO. OF VICTIMS 1 - 11 - 21- 31- 51- 61 - CRIME Single Married Widow Male Female 41-50 10 20 30 40 60 Above

Murder 4 0 4 0 4 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0

Homicide 4 4 0 0 4 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0

INDEX Physical

COR Injuries 61 39 22 0 50 9 0 7 30 19 3 2 0

PRO Rape 9 9 0 0 0 8 2 4 3 0 0 0 0

Robbery 49 24 25 0 27 22 0 8 19 12 5 2 3

Theft 77 46 29 2 36 37 0 8 33 15 7 8 2

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Carnapping (MC) 13 5 8 0 11 2 0 1 7 5 0 0 0 Carnapping (MV) 3 0 3 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0

Cattle Rustling 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Non-Index 963 351 603 9 785 178 38 99 211 300 214 67 34 Source: LTMPS

Fire Fighting Personnel and Facilities

The La Trinidad Fires Station has a total of 24 personnel (5 females and 19 males) as of December 2018. Ideal ratio for fire truck to population, fire truck to BFP personnel, and BFP personnel to population ratio is not met.

Fire Safety

The fire department reports that through the years, there are more structural fires than any other type. Forest fires also occur in the locality with more or less 8,200m3 affected in 2018. With the recorded incidence of fire, the community is advised to be always cautious to prevent loss of life and property.

Fire Incidence, 2012-2018 Fire Incidence/ Year 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Structural Fire 15 8 12 1 8 7 17

4 3 Forest Fire 9 17 21 7 - Vehicular 2 4 2 3 2 - - Augmentation 3 5 2 1 - - - Fire Damages (PM) 2.4 0.64 1.4 3.08 26 1.45 7.482

Persons Injured 2 - - - 1 - - Casualties 1 - - - 0 - - Source: LTFS

Comparative Causes of Fire for the last 7 years Frequency of Occurrence Barangay 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Alapang 3 4 6 - - - - Alno 1 1 1 2 - - Ambiong 3 3 8 - 0 - 1 Bahong 0 2 1 - 1 Balili 2 5 5 3 2 2 Beckel 2 3 1 1 - - 1 Betag 2 - - - 2 Bineng 0 - - - - Cruz 1 1 1 - - - 1

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Lubas 1 0 1 - - 1 Pico 3 6 3 4 - 2 2 Poblacion 3 4 1 3 2 4 Puguis 3 5 1 2 - 3 1 Shilan 1 1 0 - 2 2 1 Tawang 3 1 2 2 2 - 2 Wangal 2 3 2 1 1 - 1 Total 27 28 35 20 14 11 20 Source: LTFS

CHAPTER IV

LOCAL ECONOMY

Primary Sector

Agriculture

According to the Office of the Municipal Agriculturist, around 8,116 are farming households in 2018. The total agricultural area is 3,570.92 hectares and only 2,606.34 hectares are cultivated, 1,730.97 hectares are irrigated lands and 875.37 hectares are rain fed. While vegetables had remained to be the main agricultural crops, cut flowers, vegetables, plantation crops and strawberries had gained headway as a better source of income.

Agricultural Production, 2014-2018 Type of Crop/ 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Production (mt) Palay (mt) 140 150.40/c 164.50 164.50 141.50 Root crops (mt) 303.75/c 227.90/c 240.50/c 324 106.82 Vegetables (mt) 28,139.91/c 33,457.07/c 36,386.50/c 38,366.69 26,967.71 Cutflowers(dozens) 19,144,400/c 20,699,100/c 20,391,330/c 25,400,730 27,445,310 Plantation Crops (kg) 78,181.01/c 78,860.00/c 75,075/c 35,840 25,010 Strawberry(mt) 1,396.50/c 1,375.00/c 1,584/c 1,650.00 1,484.47 Fruit Trees (mt) 1,988.70/c 2,718.70/c 1,912.45/c 1,990.80 1,568,815 (kgs.) Source: Office of Municipal Agriculturist (OMAG), /c: corrected from new data

Tenurial Status

CBMS results in 2010 states that among farming households, 68% owned or have an owner-like possession of the farmland. A considerable decrease was reported in 2015 where there are only about 16% who owns their farm lot.

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However, the results states that there are around 46% who fully owned their farmland and more than 28% are still renting.

Tenurial Status by Farming Households, 2010 and 2015 2010 2015 Tenurial Status # of farming hh % # of farming hh % Fully-owned - - 1,041 45.62 Owned or Owner-like Possession 2,186 68 358 15.69 Rented/Leased/Tenanted 696 22 643 28.17 Not Owned but with Consent of Owner 270 8 198 8.68 Not Owned and Without Consent of Owner 9 0 - - Others (CLOA/CADT/CALT/CBMFA) 34 1 42 1.84 Not Stated 5 0 - - Total 3,200 100 2,282 100 Source: CBMS 2010 and 2015

Land Area

Most of the farmers have less than 1 hectare of farm land. This was the result of the CBMS 2010 and 2015.

Land Area by Farming Household, 2010 and 2015 2010 2015 Land Area # of farming hh % # of farming hh % Less Than 1 Hectare 2771 87% 2145 94 1 - 3 Hectares 382 12% 126 5.5 3.1 - 5 Hectares 20 1% 4 .17 More Than 5 Hectares 8 0% 7 .31 Not Specified 19 1% 0 0 Total 3200 100% 2282 100 Source: CBMS 2010 and 2015

Agricultural Implements

The most common agricultural tool among farming households is the insecticide sprayer.

Ownership of Agricultural Equipment by Farming HH, 2010 and 2015 2010 2015 Type of Agricultural Equipment/Facilities # % to total farm hh # % to total farm hh Beast of Burden 102 3% 56 1%

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Plow 511 16% 853 19% Harrow 670 21% 528 11% Mower 249 8% 145 3% Thresher or Corn Sheller 99 3% 6 .13% Insecticide or Pesticide Sprayer 2428 76% 1677 37% Farm Tractor 97 3% 30 .65% Hand Tractor 156 5% 85 2% Turtle or Mudboat 5 0% 1 0% Planter or Transplanter or Dryers 17 1% 110 2% Mechanical Dryer 27 1% 0 0% Multipurpose Drying Pavement 41 1% 2 0% Rice Mill/Corn Mill/Feed Mill 68 2% 9 .19% Harvester, Any Crop 57 2% 19 .41% Warehouse Granary 191 6% 96 2% Farmshed 419 13% 270 6% Irrigation Pump 787 25% 318 7% Other Equipment/Facilities 393 12% 377 8% Source: CBMS 2010 and 2015

Livestock- Raising

Livestock and Poultry has remained a backyard enterprise, with swine and poultry a popular favorite among the growers. This is due to the small amount of capitalization, the use of a comparatively smaller space at the backyard, and the climate conditions conducive for animal growth. About 379 households are involved in livestock -raising in 2010 and 289 households in 2015. Most of them are involved in hog fattening and chicken-raising.

Livestock raised by Households, 2010 and 2015 2010 2015 Type of Livestock raised % to total livestock- % to total livestock- # of hh # of hh raising hh raising hh Hog for Fattening 204 54% 150 52% Sow 26 7% - 0% Goat 5 1% 10 3.46% Carabao 2 1% 4 1.38% Cow 7 2% 7 2.42% Chicken 108 28% 91 31.50% Chicken for Egg Laying 10 3% - 0% Duck 8 2% 8 2.77%

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Other Livestock/Poultry 17 4% - 0% Others 0 0 19 6.57% Source: CBMS 2010 and 2015

Benguet State University likewise maintains its goat and egg farms for the production of fresh milk and eggs. While the Benguet Provincial Veterinarian’s Office maintains its Artificial Insemination Center, catering to swine, carabao and cattle.

Livestock and Poultry, 2018 Livestock/Poultry Type Heads No. of Heads Product Market Slaughtered Cattle Backyard 230 Carabao Backyard 40 Horse Paltingan Corral Wangal 30 Backyard 22 Swine Backyard 13,956 13,956 Goat Backyard 300 Goat Farm (BSU) Poultry Backyard 6,300 Egg Farm (BSU) Source: OMAG

Fishponds

There are a few water bodies found in the municipalities with a total aggregate area of 10.99 hectares. Some fishponds and clean water bodies have been piloted by the Municipal Agriculture Office in coordination with the Bureau of Fisheries & Aquatic Resources. To date, there are about 35 fisher farmers in the municipality. Total Fish Catch in 2009 was 8.22 tons. This was reduced to 3.5 tons only in 2010 to 2012 and 1.9 tons in 2013. Fish catch for the year 2014 to 2017 remained at more or less 1.8 tons each year and at 1.94 tons in 2018.

Comparative Fish Catch 2011-2018

Year 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Catch (tons) 3.5 3.5 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.94

Source: OMAG

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Fishponds by Location & Area, 2018 Fishery/Fishpond by Location Area (hectares) BSU Fishponds, Balili 1.5 Backyard Fishponds, Municipal wide 0.49 Communal Bodies: Tebteb Creek, Balili .5 Ambiong Pond, Ambiong 0.3 Bineng-Bodiweng Creek, Bineng 1.0 Conet River, Alno 2.0 Ampasit-Gayasi river, Wangal 4.0 Guadayan Creek, Puguis 0.3 Bayabas Creek, Pico 0.4 Reservoirs (Swamp, Bahong, & Alapang) HIRDP 0.5 Total 10.99 Source: OMAG

Postharvest Facilities

Trading Post

The La Trinidad Vegetable Trading Post (LTVTP) is considered the center of economic activities in the municipality. With its establishment in the early 1980’s, purposely to serve as a marketing arm of the vegetable industry of Benguet, it has spurred economic growth in the municipality. Many commercial enterprises have been established as a result of the wholesale trading in the Trading Post. The LTVTP was constructed under funding through the Economic Support Fund. Total cost of the project was P 12.4 M, with a 30% loan component at P 3.7 M and a 70% grant component at P8.7M.

Amenities: Total Area : 1,597.5 sq. m. Bagsakan Area : 1,125 sq. m. Traders’ Area : 40 sq. m/ booth @10 booths Farmers’ Area : 52.5sq. m/ booth@ 17booths Cold Storage : 262 sq. m. Support facilities : 380 sq. m. for Offices, Canteen, Rest rooms Volume Traded daily : over 300 tons/day

New Benguet Agri-Pinoy Trading Center

While the LTVTP has been a boost to the economic activities in La Trinidad more than thirty years ago, it has long been over congested. A P650 M new modern Trading Post and processing plant is now open for use in a four-

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hectare lot owned by the Benguet State University Compound at the Strawberry Fields of Betag. The Benguet AgriPinoy Trading Center, under the Agri-Pinoy Trading Center program (APTC), serves as an alternative marketing outlet to which vegetable farmers can directly sell their produce at rationalized prices, thereby ensuring reasonable returns to the farmer-producers.

The state-of-the-art facility has available support facilities to be utilized by the clients/customers.

Amenities: Commercial Area 2-storey Building (687 sq.m.) 1st Floor – Restaurant 2nd Floor – 18 room hotel; 4 single beds, 14 double beds

Cold Storage 10 rooms @ 50 sq.m. 280 pallets @ 1 mt capacity/pallet Capacity of 28 tons for each room

Warehouses 10 rooms @ 50 sq.m. 320 pallets @ 1 mt capacity/pallet Capacity of 32 tons/room

This facility serves as a conduit in developing a vibrant agricultural marketing system in Benguet. It is being managed by the Department of Agriculture. Project funds came from the Department of Agriculture and the Korean International Cooperation Agency.

*Other Post-harvest Facilities

Other Post harvest Facilities Type of Facility Location Owner Type of Products

Cold Storage Stockfarm, Wangal Provincial Government Vegetables, strawberries

Bahong Bahong Multi-Purpose Coop. Roses

Swamp, Betag Benguet State University Strawberries

Grain Drying Facility Bineng Bineng Rice Association Rice Source: MPDO

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Secondary Sector

Manufacturing

Besides other economic activities in the municipality are a few registered small-scale manufacturing industries. Most of which are auto body-building/repair shops, woodworks, metal/ironworks shops and bakeries. There is also a growing number of establishments under the food service activities.

Construction

A number of construction firms were also registered in the Business Permits and Licensing Section of the local government. It is expected that these number will increase in the coming years considering the continuous implementation of infrastructure projects of the government as well as private construction activities in the locality.

Electricity, Gas and Water

In 2016, there are 38 registered businesses classified under the electricity, gas, and water. While La Trinidad is served by the Benguet Electric Cooperative, the Hydro Electric Development Corporation (HEDCOR), a company which specializes in generating renewable energy from run-of-river hydropower systems is also serving La Trinidad. It operates in Barangays Alno, Alapang, and Bineng. Some registered businesses are also catering to the cooking convenience of households. A growing number of water delivery business were also registered specifically water for drinking and for other purposes.

Tertiary Sector

Banking and Lending Institutions

A total of 25 banks are found in La Trinidad, showing the propensity of the people of La Trinidad to save, borrow and invest in business endeavors.

List of Banks Universal/Commercial Banks Location 1 Bank of the Philippine Islands (BPI) – LT Branch Senly Loy Bldg. Km. 4, Balili 2 Banco de Oro (BDO) – Unibank, Inc. VC Arcadian Bldg., Km. 5, Pico 3 China Banking Corporation G/F SJV Bulasao Bldg., Km. 4, Pico 4 East West Banking Corporation JC-081 Km.5, Pico 5 Metropolitan Bank and Trust JB-78 MG Bldg. Km. 4, Pico 6 Philippine National Bank BSU Compound, Km. 5, Balili 7 Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation Peliz Loy Bldg. Km.5, Balili 8 Security Bank Corporation JC-84, Betag, La Trinidad, Benguet 9 Land Bank of the Philippines (LBP) KM. 5, Betag, La Trinidad

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Thrift and Savings Bank 1 Philippine Business Bank, Inc. Km.5, Pico 2 Philippine Savings Bank JB-122 Km. 4, Pico Rural Banks 1 Banko Bakun, Inc. MB 73-A, Puguis 2 Benguet Center Bank, Inc. – La Trinidad JC 110 Cating Bldg., Pico 3 Card Bank, Inc. FA 273 Jewel igorot Bldg 4 Card Bank, Inc. MB 110 Puguis 5 Card Bank, Inc. Km. 1, Shilan 6 Cooperative Bank of Benguet JC-225 Km. 5, Pico 7 Highland Rural Bank, Inc. A-02 Poblacion 8 One Network Bank (Rural Bank of BDO) KKMI Bldg., Pico 9 Producers Bank JC 358 Lubos Bldg., Km. 5 Pico 10 Rang-ay Bank (A Rural Bank), Inc. FA 146 Pelizloy Centrum, Km. 5, Balili 11 Rural Bank of Buguias, Inc. JC-87 Km. 5, Pico 12 Rural Bank of Itogon, Inc. NPM 1, Km. 5, Pico 13 Summit Bank – Pico Branch Llaneta Bldg., Km. 5 Pico 14 Summit Bank (Rural Bank of Tublay, Inc.) – LTB Tokiko Bldg., Km. 5 Pico 15 Summit Bank – Betag Branch Near First pacific Hardware, Km. 6, Betag Source: CMCI Survey

Lending institutions and other financial intermediaries also abound in the municipality. They help facilitate financial needs of the people.

List of Finance Cooperative/Corporation/Institutions NAME OF BUSINESS LOCATION 1. Baguio-Benguet Community Credit Narda’s Bldg., Km.5 Balili 2. Bridge Auxiliary Finance Corporation 2F D & L Bldg., Km. 5, Pico 3. Buenavista Financing Corporation JB 78 3/F MG Bldg. Km. 4, Balili 4. Gomez, Imelda C. Solis Bldg. Km. 5, Pico 5. Radiowealth Finance Co. MA-130 Puguis 6. Taloy Norte Farmers Multi-Purpose Coop. ID-029 Amos Bldg. Km. 6, Betag 7. Orix Metro Leasing and Finance Corporation 3/F-330 Totanes Bldg., Km. 3, Balili 8. S & F Finance Corporation FA 270 Km. 4, Pico 9. Express Finance Corporation 2/F Nelson Ang Bldg., Km. 4, Pico 10. Towncall Finance and Investment Corp. JB 25, Km. 4 Pico Source: Licensing Section, Mayor’s Office

List of Savings & Loans Assn. with Quasi-Banking Functions 1. ASA Philippines Foundation, Inc. ID 60A, Betag, La Trinidad 2. Baguio-Benguet Community Credit Narda’s Bldg., Km. 5, Balili

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3. BATJODA Multi-purpose Cooperative DB 89 Mae, Bahong, La Trinidad 4. BBL Lending Services Hillside Square, Km. 4 Pico 5. Benguet Gov’t. Employees Multi-purpose Coop. Capitol Compound, Poblacion 6. Benguet State University Multi-purpose Coop. BSU Coop. Bldg., Km. 5 Balili 7. CAMFIN Lending Incorporated KD 27 Upper Cruz 8. DepEd CAR-RO Employees Multi-purpose Coop. DepEd CAR-RO Compound, Wangal 9. Dhilon Finance Palmaville, Puguis 10. First Ema West Credit Coporation JC 086 Km. 5 Pico, La Trinidad 11. Gomez, Imerald C. Solis Bldg., Km. 5, Pico 12. Highland Vegetable Suppliers Multi-purpose Coop. Gibson Bldg., Km. 5, Pico 13. La Trinidad markets Vendors Multi-purpose Coop. # 86-A 2002 New Public Market, Pico 14. La Trinidad Mun. Employees MPC, Inc. Municipal Bldg., Km. 5 Pico 15. La Trinidad Vegetable Trading Post MPC 2/F LTVTP Administrative Bldg., Km. 5, Pico 16. Multi-purpose Cooperative of COA-CAR Employees COA-CAR Compound, Km. 6 Betag 17. Northern Luzon AAA Lending Corporation, Inc. 2/F Ramon Building, Km. 4, Pico 18. PRO-COR Employees Multi-purpose Coop. Camp Bado Dangwa Compound, Alapang 19. Radiowealth Finance Co. MA-130 Puguis 20. Rangtay sa Pag Rang-ay Inc. # 203 Caoili Building, Km. 4, Pico 21. Shilan Multi-Purpose Coop. Km. 12 Shilan 22. Taloy Norte Farmers Multi-purpose Coop. ID-029 Amos Bldg. Km. 6, Betag 23. Tomay Credit Cooperative DA 035 Tomay, Bahong 24. Universal Multi-purpose Coop. JC 109 D & L Bldg., Km. 4 Pico Source: Licensing Office

Pawnshops Name of Pawnshop Location 1. BHF Baguio Pawnshop FA-242 Senly Loy Bldg., Km. 4 2. C & D Pawnshop Inc. Lubos Bldg. Km. 5, Pico 3. Cebuana Lhullier Pawnshop-La Trinidad Unit 2, Lubos Commercial Complex Km. 5, Pico 4. Cebuana Lhullier Pawnshop Alano Bldg., Km. 5 Pico 5. M. Lhullier Pawnshop & Jewelry/ML Kuarta Narda’s Bldg., Km. 5, Pico 6. Multi-Jewelry Pawnshop Inc. – Branch 1 FA-129 Km. 5 Balili 7. Tambunting Pawnshop FA 206 Tokiko Bldg. Balili 8. Vega Cell Pawnshop Costina Bldg. Km. 5, Pico

Money Changers/Foreign Exchange Dealers Name of Business Location 1. E-Business Services Inc./Western Union JC-102 Pico 2. Genrevelation Foreign Exchange Trading Unit 207 Jewel Igorot Centrum, Km. 4 Balili 3. Tambunting pawnshop FA 206 Tokiko Bldg., Balili 4. Tumapang, Jose H. 2/F Herbcely Bldg., Km. 4 Pico

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List of Money Remittance/Money Transfer Name of Remittance Center Location 1. AVLET Business Center A-058 Leano Bldg. Poblacion 2. Banco Bakun, Inc. (A Rural Bank) MB-73A Puguis 3. Cebuana Lhuillier Pawnshop Unit 2, Lubos Commercial Complex, Km. 5, Pico 4. Cebuana Lhuiller Pawnshop Alano Bldg. Km. 5, Pico 5. Doris Mae Remittance Center Tiongsan Bldg. Km. 4. Pico 6. E-business Services Inc/Western union Money Transfer JC 102 Pico, La Trinidad 7. JRS Business Corporation Narda’s Bldg. Km. 5 Balili 8. LBC Express, Inc. FA 206 Tokiko Bldg. Km 5 Pico 9. Luzon Ramcycles, Inc. FA 317 Km. 3 Balili 10. Marjan Remittance Services FA-164 Pineshill Business Center 1, Km. 5 Balili 11. ML Kwarta Padala/M. Lhuillier Pawnshop Narda’s Bldg. Km. 5, Balili 12. Wangdali meat Shop and Gen. Mdsg. IB 01 Betag

Microfinance Institutions Name of Establishment Location 1. Cordillera Community & Family Assistance for Progress, Inc. Rm. 305 C & A Bldg. Balili 2. Nelfi-Northern Entrepreneurs of Luzon Federation, Inc. Unit 6 hillside Square Km. 4, Pico 3. Tulay sa pag-unlad Inc. JB-25 Km. 4, Pico 4. Gomez, Imelda C. Solis Bldg. Km. 5, Pico 5. Radiowealth Finance Co. MA 130 Puguis, La Trinidad Source: Licensing Office

Wholesale and Retail Trade

La Trinidad has about 8,107 individuals who are into wholesale and retail activities in 2015 according to the Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS) survey. This includes wholesale and retail of goods, and vegetable trading.

Transportation and Communication

Around 3,276 businessmen are in to the transportation and storage sector in 2015. Some business owners opt to hire trucks from registered trucking services other than maintaining their own. Accordingly, maintaining a truck entails more cost than hiring one to transport their goods.

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Personal Services

Beauty parlors, dress and tailoring shops/piano/photo studios, and funeral parlors are among the growing number of business permits issued during the previous years. One can relax and enjoy this services in comfortable locations in the Central Business District.

Courier Services

One can conveniently do money transfers and send baggage and documents thru the different courier service providers in the Municipality. They can be found along the stretch of the National Highway along kms. 4 and 5.

Tourism

La Trinidad being the capital town of the province of Benguet has also become a tourist destination. While agriculture remains as primary source of livelihood, its people have begun to diversify and venture in other businesses which includes agro-tourism activities. There are 615,228 tourist arrivals in 2018 wherein most of them visited the Strawberry Farm.

Tourist Arrivals by tourism site, 2018 2nd Tourism Site Ist Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Total Quarter Strawberry Farm 367,249 74,013 151,199 542,461 Trading Post 11,111 4,772 3,787 5,312 24,982 BSU 1,053 583 722 816 3,174 MT. KALUGONG 3,057 2,314 1,312 1,618 8,301 MT. YANGBEW 633 1,412 2,045 STOBOSA 7,651 2,181 1,688 2,122 12,520 JEFFREY VISAYA’S VIEWDECK 1,443 436 1,879 (BAHONG/ALAPANG) BENGUET MUSEUM 641 641 BELL CHURCH 5,433 1,674 3,118 10,225 TOTAL 615,228 Source: Tourism Dev’t. Services Section

Accommodation and Other Tourism Establishments 2018 Name of Establishment No. of Rooms ATI-NTC 27 BSU Guestels 20 Strawberry Valley Hotel & Rest. 36 Gladiola Center 28 NIA Training Center 6

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Cordillera Quest (Hotel) Jewel Igorot (Inn/Transient) Lily of the Valley (Stay-In) Mt. Kalugong (Stay-In) BAPTC Hotel 22 Source: LT Tourism Dev’t. Services

CHAPTER V INFRASTRUCTURE

Road Network

La Trinidad has a total road length of 157.597 kms. Out of these, 39% are barangay roads, 23% are Provincial roads, 22% are National roads, 2% are municipal, and an aggregates of 14% are private roads. About 80% are concrete, 18% gravelly, and 2% asphalt.

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Roads by Administration by type Right Roads By Total Road Surface Type Of % to System Length Way Total Concrete Asphalt Gravel Classification (Km) (ROW) Km % C Km % C Km % C National - 34.439 22 28.34 82% F 3.363 10% - 2.736 8% - Provincial - 36.328 23 32.679 90% F - - - 3.649 10% - Municipal - 3.13 2 3.13 100% F ------Barangay Rd. - 62.25 39 40.47 65% F - - - 21.78 35% P Private - 21.45 14 21.45 100% ------TOTAL - 157.597 100 126.07 80% - 3.363 2% - 28.165 18% - Source: PEO, DPWH, MPDO

Inventory of Bridges

There are about 26 vehicular bridges (concrete and wooden) which are located in the different barangays of La Trinidad. Hanging bridges are also present in sitios of the different barangays are not included in the list. Majority of the vehicular bridges are in good condition though some of it needs repair and development.

Inventory of Bridges by Type and Location, 2011 INVENTORY OF BRIDGES

ROAD PHYSICAL BRIDGE NAME LOCATION TYPE CAPACITY CONDITION Irrigation Bridge (Narvaez) Poblacion Concrete 15.00 T good Town Bridge Cruz Concrete 15.00 T good Pinespark Bridge Balili Wood 8.00 T critical Tabangaoen Bridge Balili Wood 6.00 T critical Bell Church Bridge Balili Concrete 15.00 T good Km. 3 Bridge (Lim Subd.) Balili Concrete 9.00 T Poor First Bridge (Toyong Crk) Pico Concrete 15.00 T good Second Bridge (Tumpao Area) Pico Concrete 15.00 T good Third Bridge (Guadayan Creek) Puguis Concrete 15.00 T good Box Culvert 1(Empiso Area) Puguis Concrete 15.00 T good Box Culvert 2 (Empiso Area) Puguis Concrete 15.00 T good Samoyao Bridge –Box culvert Alapang Concrete 15.00 T good (junction) Peril Bridge Alno Concrete 15.00 T good

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Alno Annex Alno Concrete 20.00 T good Mae Bridge Bahong Concrete 8.00 T poor Bahong Bridge 1 (Gadgad Bahong Concrete 15.00 T poor Area) Bahong Bridge 2 (Gadgad Bahong Concrete 15.00 T poor Area) Bahong Bridge 3 (before Brgy. Bahong Concrete T good Hall/Warehouse) Riverside Bridge Ambiong Concrete 15.00 T good Pitdawan Bridge Ambiong Concrete 15.00 T good Gulon Bridge Ambiong Concrete 9.00 T good Suyoc Bridge Shilan Concrete 10.00 T good Bridge 1 (Lower) Wangal Concrete 15.00 T good Bridge 2 (Lower) Wangal Concrete 15.00 T good Gayasi Bridge Bineng Concrete 15.00 T good Pitpitay Bridge Bineng Concrete 15.00 T good Bodiweng Bridge Bineng Concrete 8.00 T good Source: MPT Survey

Irrigation System

At present, there are forty two (42) irrigation systems that were constructed with funding and technical assistance from the National Irrigation Administration. Thirty one (31) of these are communal Irrigation Systems and eleven (11) Pump Irrigation. These irrigation systems have a total service area of 874.58 hectares and a total of 417 farmer beneficiaries. Other irrigation systems are privately funded by farmers themselves especially in high elevation areas where spring water is delivered by gravitational means through plastic pipes.

The National Irrigation Administration (NIA) has documented at least nine (9) irrigation systems of this kind servicing an approximate area of 97 hectares. In 1989, seven irrigation systems in Puguis, Bahong, Alapang, Wangal, Tawang and Bineng were implemented under the auspices of the Japanese International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and are rehabilitated due to the damages caused by the past 1990 earthquake and Typhoons.

There are still proposed Irrigation systems to be implemented by the National Irrigation System. The Municipal Government also funded the installation of nine Small Water Impounding Projects to service 38 hectares. These were completed in 1996 and are now functional for irrigation purposes. Watersheds should be reforested. Logging and Kaingin should be discouraged and should be stopped to avoid further forest denudation thus ensuring the continuity and sufficiency of irrigation water.

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Existing Irrigation Systems, 2012 LIST OF CIS IN LA TRINIDAD IRRIGATED AREA SPECIFIC NUMBER OF SYSTEMS BARANGAY WATER SOURCE (Hectares) DIVERSION BENEFICIARIES NIA-ASSISTED Alno-Proper CIS Alno 17.00 Balili River Intake 15 Conig-Alno CIS Alno 30.00 Samoyao Creek Intake 17 Bahong Alapang CIS Bahong 72.00 Bahong Creek Intake 65 Mamaga CIS Balili 2.50 Mawasa Spring Intake 1 Balili PIS Balili 2.00 Tebteb Creek Pump 16 Bayabas PIS Balili 3.00 Underground Water Pump 2 BSU PIS Balili 45.00 Underground Water Pump 4 BSU Solar PIS Balili 3.00 Underground Water Pump 2 Balangbang CIS Beckel 7.50 Umongan Creek Intake 18 Beckel CIS Beckel 20.00 Beckel Spring Intake 15 Linusod CIS Beckel 10.00 Linusod Spring Intake 60 Bineng-Japos CIS Bineng 46.50 Balili River Intake 34 Bodiweng CIS Bineng 25.00 Bodiweng Creek Intake 30 Kagiskis CIS Bineng 13.00 Balili River Intake 32 Lower Bineng CIS Bineng 25.00 Gayasi River Intake 40 Bayabas CIS Pico 15.00 Bayabas Creek Intake 15 Central Pico Pico 40.00 Bayabas Creek Intake 50 Payeo Alno CIS Pico 12.00 Pacdal Creek Intake 32 Pico-Toyong CIS Pico 25.00 Bayabas Creek Intake 45 Peril PIS Pico 3.00 Underground Water Pump 3 Pico PIS Pico 3.00 Underground Water Pump 3 Lamtang PIS Puguis 19.08 Ku-net Creek Pump 32 Puguis PTA PIS Puguis 3.00 Underground Water Pump 1 Shilan PIS Shilan 3.00 Underground Water Pump 10 Tawang PIS Tawang 3.00 Underground Water Pump 10 T O T A L 447.58 552

PRIVATE CIS Debongan CIS Alno 10.00 Debongan Creek 25 Ambiong CIS Ambiong 15.00 Ambiong Creek 30 Linusod CIS Beckel 3.00 Linusod Creek 5 Lubas CIS Lubas 20.00 Lubas Creek 32 Longlong CIS Puguis 10.00 Longlong Creek 40 Bito CIS Shilan 2.00 Bito Creek 3

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Shilan CIS Shilan 15.00 Shilan Creek 25 Boted CIS Tawang 10.00 Boted Creek 15 Tomay CIS Tomay 12.00 Tawang Creek 20 T O T A L 97.00 195 ASSISTED BY OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES Alapang CIS Alapang 30.00 Balili River Intake 118 Alno CIS Alno 80.00 Balili River Intake 41 Bahong CIS Bahong 50.00 Balili River Intake 79 Betag-Buyagan CIS Betag 50.00 Bayabas Creek Intake 50 Bineng Proper CIS Bineng 60.00 Gayasi River Intake 30 Pico-Puguis CIS Pico 11.00 Pico Creek Intake 20 Puguis CIS Puguis 13.00 Puguis Creek Intake 15 Wangal CIS Wangal 36.00 Wangal Intake 64 T O T A L 330.00 417 Source : NIA 2012

Domestic Water Supply

Main Source of Domestic Water

Level III domestic water is provided mainly by the La Trinidad Water District (LTWD) whose service area is limited to the more dense areas. Almost all barangays are covered except, Beckel, Shilan, Alno and Bineng. From a total of 12,126 consumers in 2010, this increased to 16,034 in 2018. The LTWD relies mainly on groundwater for its sources, having developed 8 deep wells and 2 springs.

Water delivery has also become a secondary source of domestic water especially during the dry season, where 241 cu.m. is delivered per month . Another 42 private water deliveries are also available.

LTWD Consumption and Meter connections by Type of Consumer, 2014-2018 Consumer 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Residential 12,707 13,098 *13,649 14,302/c 14,815 Commercial 1,043 589 588 589/c 616 Government 116 118 119 131 133 Semi- Coml (A) - 187 204 229 235 Semi- Coml (B) - 237 231 234/c 235 Total 13,866 14,229 14,786 15,485/c 16,034 Monthly Cons’n (m3) 231,653 232,684 242,471.66 248,954/c 251,324 Source: LTWD, *corrected as per new data

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Other Sources of Domestic Water

Aside from the LTWD there are other level III sources of domestic water in Bahong, Alapang, Tawang, Beckel and Puguis under cooperative arrangements with the user-residents of these areas. Census survey in year 2000 shows that there are a total of 7031 households or 51% are connected to this kind of water system. About 2403 households or 17.59 % have level III water system but share this with other households.

There are about 1,985 households that use deep wells either for their own use or shared with other households. While 272 use shallow wells and 162 households use dug wells. There are still a large number of 1,259 that have level 1 water sources, directly from the rain, spring or rivers. Other water sources may include water deliveries.

Sources of Domestic Water, 2000 Level Type Source of Water Number %

Level III/c Own use, Water System 7031 51.48 Level III Shared, Water System 2403 17.59 Level III Own use, Piped/Tubed, Deep well 903 6.61 Level III Shared, Piped/Tubed Deep well 1082 7.92 Level III Tubed/Piped Shallow well 272 1.99 Level II/b Dug Well 162 1.19 Level I/a Spring, Rain, River, others 1259 9.22 - Peddler 234 1.71 - Others 312 2.28 Source: NSO 2000 /a: From point source like springs and hand pumps, /b: Use of Communal Faucet /c: Water is piped into homes

Most households are under Level III as to classification of domestic water source. The MHSO used DOH projected population of 22,806 in 2018, based on the population, more or less 5% of the households are still in Levels 1 and II classifications.

Comparative Sources of Domestic Water, 2014-2018 Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Water Source # of hh % # of hh % # of hh % # of hh % # of hh % Level I 590 3 590 3 604 2.58 584 2.48 604 3 Level II - 0 0 - - 524 2.23 524 2 Level III 20,413 97 21,773 97 22,722 97.42 22,398 95.28 21,270 94 Source: MHO (Access to Safe Drinking Water)

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Power

Total Households Served

The Benguet Electric Cooperative (BENECO) serves the electricity needs of the Province and Baguio City. Its main source of power is provided form the Wholesale Electricity Spot Market, and the Sual Power plant in Pangasinan. In the municipality, there has been an increasing number of power connections over the years. Records of the BENECO in 2018 show that there is an average of 29,018 billed connections per month, most of which are residential in use with average monthly rate of P 8.0626. All barangays are served by BENECO except for a few far flung sitios.

Total Electric Consumers, 2018

Type of Consumer/ Total 2018 Records Consumers Ave. Monthly Rate/kwh Residential 26,332 8.0626 Commercial (low voltage) 2,301 7.1745 Commercial (high voltage) 3 5.9493 Military 29 8.0626 Public Buildings (Low Voltage) 317 7.1467 Public Buildings (High Voltage) 1 5.9215 Industrial 9 7.1432 Street Light 26 7.1745 TOTAL 29,018 Source: BENECO

The electricity demand for the Municipality of La Trinidad is supplied by the following power sources.

BENECO Power Sources Facilities Installed Contracted Power Source TYPE LOCATION Capacity (MW) Capacity (MW) TEAM (Phils.) Energy Coal-Fired Power Sual, Pangasinan 1200 76.60 Corporation Plant Source: BENECO Note: * Beneco has bilateral contract w/ TEAM Energy ** BENECO is billed at load centers as per Electric Power Supply Agreement(EPSA) w/ HEDCOR *** Pursuant to EPIRA all Distribution Utilities like BENECO is required to source at least 10% of its Energy Requirement from WESM.

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TRANSPORT FACILITIES

Vehicles & Utilities

The total number of registered vehicles increased by more than twice from year 2008 due to the growing urbanization in the area and registration from nearby municipalities. This increase is expected to have an impact on the demand for land for road construction. Already, the heavy volume of traffic along the municipality’s main roads is a main cause of air pollution in the area. Surprisingly, there is now an increasing registration of motorcycles, apparently in a bid to avoid traffic and save on gasoline expenses. About 35% increase in the number of vehicle registration from 2014 to 2018.

Vehicle Registration, 2014-2018 Vehicle Type 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Private Vehicles 23,111 25,716 28,371 32,960 36,299 Vehicles for Hire 1,412 1,457 1,534 1628 1,592 Government Vehicles 526 493 539 573 538 Total 2,5049 27,666 30,444 35,161 38,429 Source: Land Transportation Office- La Trinidad

Traffic

As part of the Extension Program of the Department of Engineering, St. Louis University, a traffic study was conducted in October 2012. Findings show that, in a day, a total of 7,722 vehicles passed through the main thoroughfare (Baguio-Bontoc highway) from the foot of the capitol going towards Baguio. From Baguio, towards Capitol, a total of 4,287 vehicles passed through the same road. At a maximum, 895 vehicles (or 50% of all vehicles) pass through this road per hour. . Traffic Count

From From La Baguio Trinidad to La to Baguio Trinidad

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A Study on the Viability of Deploying DOST Developed mass Transportation Technologies in Baguio City and La Trinidad was conducted in 2015. Final report contained the following information.

Jeepney Travel Speed SOUTHBOUND Direction A.M. Peak P.M. Peak Capitol - Strawberry Fields Entrance more than 20 KPH 16 - 20 KPH Strawberry Fields Entrance - Public Market less than 10 KPH 11 - 15 KPH Public Market - Tiongsan 11 - 15 KPH 16 - 20 KPH Tiongsan - Bell Church less than 10 KPH 11 - 15 KPH NORTHBOUND Direction A.M. Peak P.M. Peak Bell Church - Shell Station more than 20 KPH 11 - 15 KPH

Shell Station - Puregold/SM less tha 10 KPH less than 10 KPH SM/Puregold - Public Market 11 - 15 KPH less than 10 KPH Public Market - Strawberry Fields Rd. Entrance less tha 10 KPH 11 -15 KPH Strawberry Fields Rd. Entrance – Capitol more than 20 KPH less than 10 KPH Source: TTPI, 2015

Travel speed data with the public utility vehicles for both morning (8-9 a.m.) and afternoon peak (5-6 p.m.) times along the National Highway between at the foot of Capitol to Bell church are shown above. The benchmark with a reasonable travel speed of a public transport service along urban roads is between 25 to 30 KPH. (TTPI, 2015) data above shows that during peak times, the travel speed is below the standard, thus prolonging travel time among travellers.

Service Frequencies Baguio-La Trinidad (Halsema Highway between Capitol and La Trinidad Municipal Hall) NB Freq. (Veh/Time) SB Freq. (Veh/Time) Route Name 12-Hr. A.M. Peak P.M. Peak 12-Hr. A.M. Peak P.M. Peak 1 Baguio-Buyagan 720 74 69 669 55 54 2 Baguio-Tomay 654 57 53 635 59 57 3 Baguio-La Trinidad 421 38 45 367 30 39 4 Baguio-Camp Dangwa 162 14 15 148 13 18 5 Baguio-Acop 65 4 10 136 8 15

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6 Baguio-Tublay 113 13 9 63 11 3 7 Baguio-Kapangan 22 1 1 18 5 - 8 Baguio-Shilan 13 1 1 8 - 1 Total 2,170 202 203 2,044 181 187 Source: TTPI, 2015

Jitney service frequencies of eight (8) Jitney routes between the foot of Capitol and the La Trinidad Municipal Hall shows that for northbound jitneys, a total of 2,170 jitneys ply this route during a 12-hour period. During the peak times of 8-9 a.m. and 5-6 p.m., about 202 vehicles frequently pass this road.

For southbound jitneys, a total of 2,044 jitneys ply the eight (8) jitney routes during a 12-hour period. Less jitneys ply the route during the 9-10 a.m. period at 181, while 187 ply the area between 2-3 p.m. The average daily passenger load for the jitney is 12 passengers for a 21-seat capacity jeep. This indicates that there are more jitneys than that of the demand (passenger population). The 12-hour passenger volume, however show a total of 70,673 (for north and south bound public transport) at the foot of capitol as indicated in the next table.

Baguio - La Trinidad Road Direction CAR Jitney Utility Vehicle Bus Taxi MC Tti Northbound 7302 22,285 2,204 2,426 803 838 35,859

Southbound 7030 22,680 1,211 2,426 648 818 34,814

Tti 14332 44,966 3,415 4,853 1,451 1,656 70,673

% 20.30% 63.60% 4.80% 6.90% 2.1% 2.3% 100% Source: TTPI, 2015

At the point with the La Trinidad Municipal Hall, this volume increases to 81,938 passengers. This heightens more to 96,933 @ the SM/Puregold area. This indicates a need for a higher form of mass transit service. Based on the boarding/alighting a jeepney load count data, the 12-hour (7a.m. – 7 p.m.) volume data shows a total of 66,081 northbound passengers and 76,457 southbound passengers as illustrated in the figures below.

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Figure: Current Jeepney Passenger Volume along Baguio-La Trinidad Corridor:

Northbound – 12 hours (7:00 am. – 7:00 pm.

16,962

4,846 Capitol

21,808

2,878 Strawberry Field

4,732

23,662

12,257 Pico/Puguis Road 19,959

31,364

5,165

Puregold 10,479

36,678 5,271 Bell Church 2,855

34,262

3,020 Jct. Bokawkan 6,248

37,490

Slaughterhouse

37,490

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Figure: Current Jeepney Passenger Volume along Baguio-La Trinidad Corridor: Southbound – 12 hours (7:00 am. – 7:00 pm.

23,400

Capitol

23,400

4,680 Strawberry Field 6,999

25,719

7,014 Pico/Puguis Road 8,162

26,867

6,717 Puregold 10,986

31,136 5,189 Bell Church 23,515

49,462

13,190 Jct. Bokawkan 3,395

39,667

5,289 Slaughterhouse

34,378

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Information and Communication

Telephone Services

The Philippine Long Distance Company operate landline telephone facilities in the municipality covering the urban areas. With mobile phone repeater stations located in the municipality, the use of mobile phones has gained headway.

Telegraphic & Postal Services

The Bureau of Telecommunications (BUTEL) operates one telegraphic station equipped with telex machines. It shares its office with the Philippine Postal Corporation, the main postal service provider in the municipality. With internet connections, the use of e-mails has now stepped up, diminishing the role of postal services. But there are 3 private couriers that provide quicker deliveries.

Television and Publications

Two Cable Television operators service the urban area the Sky cable and VIACOM. There are at least 7 local newspapers based in La Trinidad, otherwise all other Baguio- based newspapers provide the populace information regarding local community events.

Communication Facilities Telephone/Mobile Service Philippine Long Distance Company Providers GLOBE Telecom Inc. (Globe) Great Bev. Inc. Innove communications, Inc. Universal Strofront Service Corp. (RCPI) Smart Communications (SMART DSL) Mobile Phone Relay Stations Globe Sun cellular Smart Telegraph Bureau of Telecommunications Telex None Postal Philippine Postal Corporation JRS Business Corp. LBC Express Wide Wide World Express. Print Media Cordillera Today Sun Star Baguio Perlas ng Pilipinas Global Filipino New Northern Philippine Times Weekly New and Views The Mountain Beat News Baguio Chronicle Media, Inc. Internet Service Providers Globe DSL Smart DSL PLDT (My DSL) Source: Mayor’s Office, Licensing Section

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Waste Disposal System

In year 2000, about 73% of the total population’s garbage was collected by the Municipal Garbage Collection trucks, about 18% practiced burning, and about 6% dumped their garbage in individual pits. Only 1.4% practiced composting of biodegradable wastes and 1.3% buried their garbage.

The Buyagan Open Dumpsite in Barangay Poblacion was closed in compliance to RA 9003.

In order to accommodate solid wastes, the Alno-Induyan Engineered Sanitary Land Fill (ESL) in Barangay Alno was built. However, due to excessive production of Solid wastes, the cell 1 and 3 of the Landfill is now filled. Other cells are proposed for construction the soonest. The sanitary landfill of the Municipality of La Trinidad occupies an area of 10.2 hectares while the projected land area for sanitary landfill is 12.79 hectares in compliance to RA 9003 and its Implementing Rules and Regulations. Hence, proposal for additional land area for waste disposal system shall be complied.

Cemeteries

There are nine (9) existing cemeteries in the municipality. Eight (8) of which are public and the rest are privately owned. The existing cemeteries of La Trinidad has a total land area of 26.22 hectares while the projected land area is 1,766 square meters required by year 2025. The land area for cemeteries/burial ground are more than enough as it is the cultural practice of the people in Benguet Province or in the Cordillera as a whole to bury their dead within their lots.

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Slaughterhouses

The presence of five (5) privately owned slaughter houses in the Municipality is an advantage considering that La Trinidad has not yet establish its own abattoir. An average of 43 heads are being slaughtered every day for consumption not only in the La Trinidad area but also nearby city of Baguio.

Private Slaughterhouses, 2018 Name of Meat Establishment Address/Location Average Daily Slaughter Han-Goo Slaughterhouse Bahong, La Trinidad 9 heads ADB Slaughterhouse Shilan, La Trinidad 9 heads Stanley Slaughterhouse Balili, La Trinidad 15 heads Paulino Slaughterhouse Balili, La Trinidad 5 heads Ambros Slaughterhouse Lubas, La Trinidad 5 heads Source: OMAG

Public Markets

The municipality of La Trinidad has its own public market. Aside from the La Trinidad Vegetable Trading Post which caters to wholesalers as well as retailers, the Old Public Market (1993 Building) with 104 stalls serves the public. Here we can find ready-to-wear garments as well as second hand items. The New Public Market (2003 Building) with 134 stalls is located at the center of km. 5. It is where we can buy different items especially kitchen necessities. Other privately owned and operated business establishments are operating in the locality where buyers can also buy their needs.

The 2002 La Trinidad Public Market

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LOCAL INSTITUTIONAL CAPABILITY – ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

MUNICIPAL MAYOR Municipal Vice Mayor

Sangguniang Municipal Executive Executive Bayan Members Administrator Assistant Secretary Secretary to the Sanggunian

Legislative Staff Human Community Resource PESO BIDS and AWARDS Affairs Mgmt. Office

Econ. Administrative Engineering SWM Office MPDO Enterprise Section Office

Cooperative Licensing Social Welfare Local DRRM Agriculture Office Dev't. Office Office Office

Accounting Assessor's LOCAL CIVIL Mun. Health Budget Office Office Office Registrar’s OFFICE Services Office

LTFS LT BJMP LTMPS Treasury Office Legal Office

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THE LOCAL DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL

Municipal Mayor LDC Chairperson MPDO LDC Secretariat Municipal Vice Mayor LDC Vice-Chairperson

CSO 16 Punong All Department SB Committee representatives Partner Agencies Barangays Heads on (20) Appropriations DPWH, DOT, DENR, Chairperson DepEd, Academe, TESDA, CHED, DAR, HEDCOR, BENECO, LTWD, LBP

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THE LOCAL PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT OFFICE

ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

Municipal Planning & Development Coordinator

ADMINISTRATIVE

Administrative Assistant. II ZONING SECTION

Zoning Officer III PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT

Zoning Officer II Project Dev’t. Officer III Zoning Officer I

Draftsman I Project Dev’t. Officer II

Administrative Ass’t. II PDO I

Administrative Aide VI Administrative Aide IV

Job Order, Data Processor

Job Order, Data Editor

INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS SPECIAL/MUNICIPAL

Engineer II

BARANGAY INFRASTRUCTURE DATA RESEARCH & STATISTICS PROJECTS

Statistician II JOB ORDER ENGINEER

Statistician I Administrative Aide

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LOCAL GOVERNANCE

Development Concerns

Our Vision

We envision a La Trinidad that is dynamic, self-sustaining, ecologically balanced and peaceful where God- loving and healthy people live in an atmosphere of social justice and effective governance.

Our Mission

Our mission is to provide for adequate and responsive services to enable our citizens to live in comfort, security, and prosperity, through maximum utilization of resources, active people’s participation, active partnership with government organization and the private sector and dedicated public servic es.

Our Goals

Good Governance:

• Honesty, accountability, transparency, and citizen’s participation in government; • Transparent generation and judicious use of public funds; • Highest standard of public service from all public servants; • Institutionalize people’s participation in government programs; • Partner with local and international links for effective, efficient and innovative services; • Using research , monitoring and evaluation in development planning; • Institutionalize gender and development in service delivery;

Social Development:

• Mainstreaming poverty reduction, empowerment of the poor and the vulnerable groups in government programs; • Just and lasting peace under the rule of law • Effective, efficient and innovative delivery of social services in • Health, Nutrition, and Sanitation • Quality Education • Social Welfare

Economic Development:

• For La Trinidad to be a Premier Economic Hub in the Cordilleras and to be known as: • One of the Premier Tourist Destinations in the Cordilleras • “The Organic Farming Capital of the Cordilleras”; • Sustaining its title “ Strawberry Capital of the Philippines;

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• Sustaining its title “Rose Capital of the Philippines” • Provided with basic infrastructure support facilities for socio-economic activities

Environmental Development:

• A community free from pollution within a preserved and enhanced natural environment • where we prevent control and minimize the occurrence of destruction to life and property • and protect the integrity of the environment within the context of climate change adaptation and mitigation.

Organization & Staffing

A total of 428 personnel comprise the municipal organization among 13 different offices. Out of the total, about 58% are permanent employees, 14 (3.27%) are casual, 35% are on contractual and job order basis, 13 (3.04%) are elective officials, and only 3 co-terminous employees. Attached offices include the Municipal Local Government Operations Office-DILG, La Trinidad Philippine National Police, Bureau of Fire Protection, Municipal rail Court, and the Commission on Elections, whose wages comes from the national coffers.

Number of Employees per Office, 2018 OFFICE Male Female Total Permanent Employees Office of the Municipal Mayor 47 12 59 Office of the Sangguniang Bayan 5 4 9 Municipal Legal Office 0 1 1 Municipal Planning & Development Office 8 5 13 Municipal Local Civil Registry 3 2 5 Municipal Budget Office 2 3 5 Municipal Treasury Office 13 10 23 Municipal Accounting Office 5 5 10 Municipal Assessor’s Office 4 5 9 Municipal Agriculture Office 11 4 15 Municipal Health Office 5 18 23 Municipal Engineering Office 12 2 14 Mun. Social Welfare & Development Office 1 9 10 Economic Enterprise 42 9 51 SVHR 1 1 2 Sub-total 159 90 249 Casual Employees 9 5 14 Job order Employees 95 54 149

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Co-Terminous Employees 2 1 3 Elective Officials 12 1 13 TOTAL 277 151 428 Source: Human Resource Management Section, Mayor’s Office

Municipal Officials

Elected Municipal Officials (July 2016 - June 2019) Municipal Mayor Hon. Romeo K. Salda Municipal Vice Mayor Hon. Joey Jovencio L. Marrero Councillors Hon. Roderick C. Awingan Hon. Nestor T. Fongwan Jr. Hon. Henry M. Kipas Hon. Estrella B. Adeban Hon. Horacio A. Ramos, Jr. Hon. Renato B. Tereng Hon. Arthur Y. Shontogan Hon. Guiller A. Galwan Ex- Officio ABC President Hon. Teddy M. Quintos (Jan. – July) Hon. Charles T. Canuto (August – present)

Sanggunian Bayan Standing Committees

Standing Committees (July 2016 - June 2019) Committee Chairperson Finance, Budget, and Appropriations Hon. Guiller A. Galwan Tourism, Special Events, and External Affairs Hon. Roderick C. Awingan Public Utilities Hon. Renato B. Tereng Trade and Industry , Labor, Livelihood, & Accreditation Hon. Nestor T. Fongwan Jr. Personnel, Good Government, Human Rights, and Justice Hon. Estrella B. Adeban Laws, Rules, and Regulation Hon. Henry M. Kipas Health Hon. Horacio A. Ramos, Jr. Agriculture Hon. Renato B. Tereng Zoning, Housing, Urban and Rural Development Hon. Henry M. Kipas Barangay Affairs Hon. Charles T. Canuto Peace and Order, Public Safety, and Civil Defense Hon. Roderick C. Awingan Public Market, & Local Economic Enterprise Hon. Arthur Y. Shontogan Social Services Hon. Arthur Y. Shontogan Education Hon. Nestor T. Fongwan Jr.

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Ways and Means Hon. Guiller A. Galwan Natural Resources & Environmental Protection Hon. Horacio A. Ramos, Jr. Public Works, Project Monitoring and Evaluation Hon. Estrella B. Adeban Youth and Sports Development Hon. Roderick C. Awingan Cooperative, Private Organizations & Non-Government Orgs. Hon. Horacio A. Ramos, Jr. Indigenous People and Cultural Affairs Hon. Pendon Thompson Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Hon. Guiller A. Galwan Local Legislative Dev’t. & Mgmt. Committee Hon. Joey J. L. Marrero Source : Sangguniang Bayan

Punong Barangays

List of Punong Barangays Alapang Hon. Rolando P. Leon Alno Hon. Jonie S. Puroc Ambiong Hon. Anthony Anniban Bahong Hon. Belmer L. Elis Balili Hon. Billy Bilango Beckel Hon. Gregorio Antonio Betag Hon. Peter D. Comila Bineng Hon. Patricio B. Wakat Cruz Hon. Charles T. Canuto Lubas Hon. Roger L. Angel Pico Hon. Ramon K. Salda Poblacion Hon. Manuel Amoy Jr. Puguis Hon. Tyrone Diaz Shilan Hon. Jeffrey K. Maslag Tawang Hon. Denver D. Gomeyac Wangal Hon. Castro W. Faustino

Community Participation

As to the participation of the populace into community affairs, there are 8,678 persons who are members in community organizations. At least 24% are members of civic organizations

Community Membership by Sex # Type of Community Organizations Male Female Total % Religious 290 350 640 7%

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23 317 306 623 7% Cultural 165 184 349 4% Political 45 10 55 1% Women's 10 723 733 8% Agricultural 286 118 404 5% Labor 117 53 170 2% Civic 1,129 968 2,097 24% Cooperative 759 663 1,422 16% Senior Citizens 659 835 1,494 17% Others 345 344 689 8% Not Stated 1 1 2 0% Total 4,123 4,555 8,678 100% Source: CBMS 2010

Access to Government Programs

Among all types of government programs, a total of 9,918 households or 44% of all households were able to benefit from government programs. Most of the households, at 85% were able to rate the programs positively.

Access to Government Programs by Type, 2010 Type of Gov’t Program # % Recipient of CARP 117 1% Phil. Health Ins. for Indigents 4142 42% Supplemental Feeding 992 10% Health Assistance 2469 25% Education / scholarship 557 6% Skills or livelihood training 130 1% Housing program 109 1% Credit program 1082 11% Others 320 3% Total 9918 44% of all hh Source: CBMS 2010

Program Effect Rating Rating # % Positive 8436 85% No Effect 1259 13% Negative Effect 223 2% Total 9918 100% Source: CBMS 2010 168

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Poverty Indicators by Barangay, 2010

POVERTY INDICATORS Alapang Alno Ambiong Bahong Balili Beckel Bineng Betag Cruz Lubas Pico Poblacion Puguis Shilan Tawang Wangal Total

HEALTH AND NUTRITION Children 0-5 years old who died 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 4 6 4 5 0 1 2 28 Women who died due to pregnancy related-causes 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 Malnourished children 0-5 years old 12 0 0 1 4 4 1 2 4 1 68 4 0 0 0 1 102 HOUSING Households living in makeshift housing 10 2 95 1 0 1 7 0 5 6 94 27 41 31 20 4 344 Households who are squatters 158 0 5 6 3 4 0 1 0 6 61 6 44 10 0 0 304 WATER AND SANITATION Households without access to safe water 19 242 0 145 105 355 164 0 1 124 62 22 394 502 105 248 2488 Households without access to sanitary toilet facility 3 25 77 31 3 26 4 0 5 23 45 6 93 90 32 20 483 BASIC EDUCATION Children 6-12 years old not attending elementary 19 2 23 17 32 7 1 26 14 18 43 49 28 30 5 13 327 Children 13-16 years old not attending high school 21 15 23 36 52 12 6 22 16 48 89 51 91 43 40 25 590 INCOME AND LIVELIHOOD Households with income below poverty threshold 71 90 140 124 90 117 113 54 102 80 262 150 239 277 186 135 2230 Households with income below food threshold 33 48 74 66 47 50 64 22 66 37 116 66 134 182 99 137 1241 Households experienced food shortage 0 0 2 0 8 0 0 2 0 0 260 3 3 0 12 0 290 Unemployed members of the labor force 90 12 101 13 208 4 8 87 33 65 376 192 198 44 76 11 1518 PEACE AND ORDER Members who are victims of crime 14 1 4 8 4 10 3 8 1 7 753 15 8 13 24 7 880 Source : CBMS 2010

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Poverty Indicators by Barangay, 2015 POVERTY INDICATORS Alapang Alno Ambiong Bahong Balili Beckel Bineng Betag Cruz Lubas Pico Pob. Puguis Shilan Tawang Wangal Total HEALTH AND NUTRITION Children 0-5 years old who died 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 2 1 5 0 1 15 Women who died due to pregnancy related- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 causes Malnourished children 0-5 y/o 5 4 1 20 32 0 2 16 11 7 24 15 0 11 3 4 155 HOUSING Households living in makeshift housing 1 2 2 16 0 35 0 2 10 0 22 0 5 8 0 0 103

Households who are squatters 15 0 0 14 5 0 0 1 7 0 65 0 22 0 6 0 135 WATER AND SANITATION Households without access to safe water 32 260 84 85 1 210 82 0 4 37 17 3 24 291 75 179 1384 Households without access to sanitary toilet 5 117 8 47 1 15 0 0 0 0 6 0 7 56 2 41 305 facility BASIC EDUCATION 6-12 y/o not in Elementary 46 28 73 72 183 48 10 72 53 74 259 120 109 49 77 77 1350

Children 6-16 years old not attending school 17 24 15 34 78 14 4 41 8 28 127 43 29 60 37 17 576

13-16 y/o not in High School 51 33 49 68 331 34 14 234 37 69 233 159 85 50 92 72 1611 LITERACY Illiterate Household Members 14 20 14 54 33 32 10 31 8 25 73 12 32 29 20 16 423 INCOME AND LIVELIHOOD Households with income below poverty 32 34 113 49 371 84 37 368 47 152 384 182 136 151 192 191 2523 threshold Households with income below food threshold 9 8 21 10 174 27 9 184 21 55 102 78 43 43 87 72 943

Households experienced food shortage 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 8 2 0 0 3 0 17

Unemployed members of the labor force 20 5 7 24 262 8 4 214 29 43 350 165 144 14 80 20 1389 PEACE AND ORDER Members who are victims of crime 2 1 8 22 189 0 0 150 5 5 239 43 0 3 13 15 695 Source: CBMS 2015

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FISCAL MANAGEMENT

Budget

Classified as a first class municipality by the Department of Budget and Management, the municipal government had an operating budget of P 345 M in 2018, with an Internal Revenue Allotment from the national government of P 231M and from local sources of P 114M.

Budget for the year 2018 has an increase of 13.04% from the previous year. Increases in the local revenue of the municipality for the past years are due to the efforts to increase tax collection efficiency and the apparent boom in business and commerce.

Total Budget by Source, 2011-2018 SOURCES/YR. 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Local Sources 63.73 63.72 69.87 80.37 89.42 96.77 99 114

Internal Revenue 102.5 101 116 136.70 156.60 174.65 201 231 Allotment Total Budget 166.23 164.72 185.87 217.07 246.02 271.42 300 345 Source: Municipal Budget Office

Municipal Budget by Source, 2011-2018

231

201

174.65

156.6

136.7

116

114

102.5

101 99

96.77

89.42 80.37

69.87

63.73 63.72

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Local Sources Internal Revenue Allotment

Of the total budget for 2017, 36.02% goes for Personal Services, 40.87% goes to Maintenance and Operating Services and 4.61% goes to Capital Outlay. About 5% goes to Disaster Risk Reduction Expense/Statutory

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obligations/Non-office expenditures and 13.50% for Development Fund. Part and parcel under Personal Services include salaries and wages and other premiums for government personnel.

In terms of Maintenance and Other Operating Expenditures, a large chunk goes to programs and projects implemented by each office aside from the regular operating expenses of the office. Non-Office Expenditures include other benefits due to personnel, the Calamity Fund and the 20% Development Fund, where most of the infrastructure projects are funded from. It is noted also that the local government exceeds the mandated 20% allocation of the Internal Revenue Allotment.

Total Budget by Expense, 2014-2018 Budget by Item 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 ( Php in millions) P % P % P % P % P % I. Personal Services 82 38 91 37 108 39 108.05 36.02 122.76 36 II. Maintenance & Other 92 42 103 42 111 40 122.61 40.87 137.93 40 Operating Expenditures III. Capital Outlay 4 2 8 3 2.24 8 13.84 4.61 19.55 6 IV. Non Office Expenditures/ Statutory Obligations 11 5 12 5 13.94 5 15 5 18 5 /Others/DRRM 20% Dev’t. Fund 28 13 32 13 35.58 13 40.50 13.50 47 14 Total Budget 217 100 246 100 271 100 300 100 345.24 100 Source: Annual Budgets

Revenues, Receipts and Expenditures

Income for the last five (5) years has been increasing. Total expenses to Net Income ratio is at 61:39 in 2018.

Comparative Income and Expenditures, (2014 - 2018) Year 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Income (Php) in mil.) P % P % P % P % P % General Income Accounts Permits and Licenses 15 5 14.7 5 18.6 12 22.97 6 33.36 7 Service Income 18.5 6 17.9 6 9.8 16 11.85 3 23.88 5 Business Income 44.9 16 42.8 13.5 45.98 45 53.40 13 84.46 18 Subsidy Income 0 0 1.5 0.5 5.07 1.55 4.41 1 4.02 1 Other Income 145 50 166.9 53 178.83 54.57 224.12 56 236.21 50 Tax Revenues Local Taxes 64 22 68.9 22 69.39 21.17 80.30 20 89.04 19

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Gain/Loss Accounts 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Income 287.4 100 312.7 100 327.74 100 397.05 100 470.98 100 Personal Services 111 57 112.1 48 123.10 38 125.19 32 135.78 29 MOOE 83 43 120.3 52 117.27 36 132.65 33 150.52 32 Total Expenses 194 68 232.4 65 240.37 73 257.84 65 286.30 61 NET INCOME 93 32 80.3 35 87.37 27 139.21 35 184.68 39 Source: Mun Accounting Office

500 Comparative Income and Expenditure 2014-2018 450

400 350 300 250 200 150 100

0 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Total Income Total Expenses NET INCOME

INCOME BY SOURCE 2018 Of all the sources of income for 2018, Other 50% came from the National coffers Income Source: Mun. Accounting Office Local Taxes (other income). Of the local sources, Business Income accounted for 18%, Fiscal Autonomy Subsidy at 1%, Tax Revenue at 19%, Permits and Licenses Service income at 5%, and Permits and Programs & Projects Licenses at 7%. For year 2017, most of the municipal budget is appropriated for Service General Public Services, equivalent to 46.59% of the total budget. The Income

Subsidy Business Income, Income

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Fiscal Autonomy

Programs and Projects

In 2018, most of the budget is appropriated for General Public Services which represents is 51.72%. Rest of the budget is broken down as follows: 11.74% is appropriated for Economic Development Services, 5.21% for the required Disaster Risk Reduction Fund. Social Development Services is 17.71%, 13.61% for the 20% Mun. Development Fund, 5.21% for the 5% mandated LDRRMF, and .05% for the Aid to Barangays.

Budgetary Allocation by Sectoral Service, 2016-2018 Budget Year 2016 2017 2018 Budgetary Allocation P % P % P % Economic Development 18.83 6.94% 36.31 12.10% 40.52 11.74% Services General Public Services 150.91 55.60% 139.76 46.59% 178.58 51.72% Social Development Services 52.16 19.22% 64.41 21.47% 61.14 17.71% 20% Municipal Development 35.58 13.11% 40.50 13.50% 47 13.61% Fund 5% Local Disaster Risk 13.92 5.13% 15 5% 18 5.21% Reduction Fund Aid to Barangays 0 0.00% 4.02 1.34% .016 .05% Total 271.4 100.00% 300 100% 345.24 100% Source: Annual Appropriations Ordinance 2016-2018

Budget Allocation by Sector, by Year

200 178.58 150.91 139.76 150

100 64.41 61.14 52.16 47 35.58 40.5 50 13.92 15 18

0 2016 2017 2018 Economic Development Services General Public Services Social Development Services 20% Municipal Development Fund 5% Local Disaster Risk Reduction Fund Aid to Barangays

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At least 20% of the Internal Revenue Allotment is required by law to fund development projects, known as the 20% Municipal Development Fund, the amount in 2017 was Php 40.50M and Php 47M in 2018.

20% Development Fund Programs, Projects, and Activities, 2015-2018 Programs and Projects 2015 2016 2017 2018 I. Social Development Services A. Health Services 0.00 0.4 1.60 1.50 B. Social Welfare & Development Services 3.30 4.35 0.10 3.05 C. General Public Development Services 4.30 2.65 5.87 8.45 II. Economic Development Services A. Infrastructure Services 12.86 17.98 10.07 9.6 B. Agricultural Services 1.50 0 0.00 - C. Commerce, Trade, & Industry Services 5.00 0 2.00 - D. Domestic Water Development Services 12.86 0.58 0.05 1.8 III. Environment & Natural Resources Preservation Services A. Solid Waste Management Services 4.53 6.1 16.30 18.30 B. Forest & Watershed Protection Services 0.00 0 0.15 - C. Drainage, Sewerage, & Flood Control Services 0.00 3.52 4.35 4.30 TOTAL Php (mil) 31.50 35.58 40.50 47.00 Source: 20% Development Fund, 2015-2018

20% Municipal Development Fund, 2015-2018

Allocation by Sector, by year (P in millions) 35 32.22 30

25 22.6 20.8 20 18.56 13 15 12.12 11.4 9.62 10 7.6 7.4 7.57 4.53 5 0 2015 2016 2017 2018

Social Dev't Services Econ. Dev't Services Env't & Nat. Res. Preservation Services

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DEVELOPMENT LEGISLATIONS

Resolutions passed/ordinances enacted, by sector

A. LOCAL ADMINISTRATION Ord. # TITLE Date CHANGING THE NAME OF PICO ELEMENTARY SCHOOL IN BARANGAY 19-a PUGUIS, MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, PROVINCE OF BENGUET, TO 2/28/95 PUGUIS ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. GRANTING PATERNITY LEAVE AND EMERGENCY LEAVE TO ALL MUNICIPAL PAID OFFICIALS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE MUNICIPAL 26 12/12/95 GOVERNMENT OF LA TRINIDAD AND BIRTHDAY LEAVE TO ALL MUNICIPAL EMPLOYEES. ESTABLISHING A COLOR CODING SYSTEM TO SCHEDULE THE 43 ENTRY OF VEHICLES LOADING AND UNLOADING VEGETABLES AT 9/2/97 THE LA TRINIDAD VEGETABLE TRADING POST. PROVIDING PENALTY CLAUSE OF SECTION 69 OF MUNICIPAL 59 ORDINANCE C- 0001 S. 1996 OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE CODE OF 6/23/98 ADMINISTRATIVE ORDINANCE. AMENDING THE PENALTIES IMPOSED UNDER SECTION 35, ARTICLE 61 2, CHAPTER IV OF THE CODE OF ORDINANCE OF LA TRINDAD, 10/12/98 BENGUET PROVINCE. ESTABLISHING THE LA TRINIDAD MUNICIPAL MOTORPOOL AND 60 APPROPRIATING FUNDS FOR ITS OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE 10/12/98 AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. REQUIRING ALL NON GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION (NGO’ S) 64 ACCREDITED BY THE MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT TO SUBMIT THEIR 11/3/98 ANNUAL REPORT TO THE OFFICE OF THE MUNICIPAL MAYOR. GRANTING BURIAL ASSISTANCE IN THE AMOUNT OF TEN THOUSAND PESOS (P10,000.00) TO THE FAMILY OF MUNICIPAL 6 OFFICIALS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA 6/26/00 TRINIDAD, BENGUET WHO DIES DURING HIS/HER TERM OF OFFICE/INCUMBENCY OR EMPLOYMENT. ADOPTING AND ESTABLISHING THE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE 3 AND STAFFING PATTERN IN THE MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT OF LA 2/12/01 TRINIDAD, BENGUET PROVINCE. CREATING A GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT (GAD) FOCAL POINT IN 18 THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND 11/26/01 APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR. COMMEMORATING MAY 03 OF EVERY YEAR AS THE LIBERATION 5 DAY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS 6/23/03 THEREFOR. PRESCRIBING THE RULES OF PROCEDURE TO BE ALLOWED BY 4 THE SANGGUNIANG BAYAN OF LA TRINIDAD AS A QUASI-JUDICIAL 6/2/03 BODY

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CREATING THE MUNICIPAL POPULATION COUNCIL IN THE 4 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS 9/24/04 THREFOR. CREATING A PHILHEALTH CAPITATION FUND FROM THE PROCEEDS OF THE OUTPATIENT CONSULTATION AND DIAGNOSTIC BENEFIT PACKAGE TO BE PROVIDED BY THE PHILIPPINE HEALTH 1 1/18/05 INSURANCE CORPORATION (PhilHealth) UNDER THE INDIGENT SECTOR COMPONENT OF THE NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE PROGRAM (NHIP). CREATING THE MUNICIPAL CULTURE AND THE ARTS COUNCIL OF 7 LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET PROVINCE AND PROVIDING FUNDS 4/19/05 THEREFORE. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE COMMUNITY BASED MONITORING AND 10 INFORMATION SYSTEM (CBMIS) IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA 12/9/05 TRINIDAD, BENGUET. AUTHORIZING THE COLLECTION OF “USER’S FEE” ON CERTAIN DRUGS, MEDICINES AND FAMILY PLANNING MEDICAL SUPPLIES 11 12/9/05 BEING DISTRIBUTED BY THE MUNICIPAL HEALTH OFFICE OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. CREATING NEW POSITIONS IN THE DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS OF 9A 12/17/08 THE MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE SENIOR CITIZENS OFFICER FOR A (SCOFAD) DAY AS AN OFFICIAL ACTIVITY DURING THE 4 CELEBRATION LINGGO NG KABATAAN ( ELDERLY FILIPINO WEEK ) 10/6/09 PILIPINO IN THE MONTH OF OCTOBER OF EVERY YEAR AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR. ESTABLISHING THE LOCAL BLOOD COUNCIL OF THE MUNICIPALITY 3 OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET PROVINCE AND APPROPRIATING 3/1/11 FUNDS THEREOF CREATING ONE ADDITIONAL POSITION OF LOCAL REVENUE 8a COLLECTION OFFICER I WITH SALARY GRADE 11 AT THE OFFICE 6/14/11 OF THE MUNICIPAL TREASURER OFFICE. ADOPTING AND DECLARING THE OFFICIAL HYMN OF THE 11 8/9/11 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET THE VEHICLES NUMBER CODING SCHEMES OF THE MUNICIPALITY 13 OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND APPROVING PENALTIES FOR 10/18/11 VIOLATIONS THEREOF INSTITUTIONALIZING THE GUIDELINES AND PROCEDURES FOR THE 14 ACCREDITATION OF PO’s, NGO’s AND OTHER ORGANIZED GROUPS 10/18/11 IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET PENALIZING UNAUTHORIZED PERSONS WHO SHALL CROSS OR BREACH A POLICE LINE INSTALLED, DRAWN AND MADE AS 16 12/19/11 MARKINGS OR WARNING FOR SCENE OF CRIMES, CRISIS AND DISASTERS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET

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ABOLISHING AND CREATING THE HEREIN ENUMERATED 5a POSITIONS UNDER THE MUNICIPAL PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT 12/17/12 OFFICE, LA TRINIDAD BENGUET PROFESSIONALIZING THE BARANGAY TANOD SYSTEM IN THE 7 MUNICIPALITY OF LTB, PROVINCE AND PROVIDING FUNDS 6/25/12 THEREOF. ABOLISHING THE POSITION OF CONTRUCTION MAINTENANCE GENERAL FOREMAN, SG-11 UNDER THE MUNICIPAL ENGINEERING 3 3/26/13 OFFICE AND CREATING THE POSITION OF ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER 1 SG 10 UNDER THE SAME OFFICE. CREATING THE POSITION OF MUNICIPAL TOURISM OFFICER 1 WITH SALARY GRADE 11 IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, 7B 11/12/13 BENGUET AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR, AMENDING ORDINANCE NO. 3-01 FOR THIS PURPOSE. CREATING THE POSITION OF CIVIL DEFENSE OFFICER II, WITH SALARY GRADE 15 IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD 7A 11/12/13 BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR, AMENDING ORDINANCE NO. 3-01 FOR THIS PURPOSE AMENDING THE TITLE AND SECTION 1 OF THE ORDINANCE N0. 12- 4 2011 BY REPLACING THE NAME “GARDEN CITY CONFERENCE 3/14/14 CENTER” TO STRAWBERRY VALLEY HOTEL AND RESTAURANT. CREATING THE CONSUMER WELFARE DESK IN THE MUNICIPALITY 7 7/8/14 OF LA TRINIDAD BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFORE. APPROVING THE MUNICIPAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND 20 MANAGEMENT COUNCIL LOGO OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA 12/16/14 TRINIDAD, BENGUET. AMENDING SECTION 35 ARTICLES 1 AND 2 OF MUNICIPAL 5 ORDINANCE NO. C-001-96 OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE CODE OF 2/10/15 ORDINANCES OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. 1 “CREATING THE POSITIONS OF LLSO-II AND LLSA III” 2/3/15 “INCORPORATION OF RAINWATER CATCHMENT SYSTEM (RCS) 20 PLAN FOR CERTAIN STRUCTURES AS AN ADDITIONAL 6/23/15 REQUIREMENT IN THE ISSUANCE OF BUILDING PERMIT INSTITUTIONALIZING A LEGISLATIVE RECORDS TRACKING AND ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE - ACCESS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM 29 7/21/15 IN THE SANGGUNIANG BAYAN OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE SUPPORT FOR THE STRENGTHENING OF 41 THE KATARUNGANG PAMBARANGAY IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA 9/29/15 TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREOF. PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES ON THE ACCREDITATION, 46 MOBILIZATION AND PROTECTION OF COMMUNITY DISASTER 11/2/15 VOLUNTEERS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIAD, BENGUET.

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INSTITUTIONALIZING THE BARANGAY BASED DELIVERY SYSTEM OF NOTICES, STATEMENTS OF ACCOUNTS, ORDER OF PAYMENTS 48 12/29/15 AND OTHERS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE OBSERVANCE OF THE DISASTER CONSCIOUSNESS MONTH EVERY JULY OF EVERY YEAR IN THE 4 1/19/16 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE CONDUCT OF THE SCOUT OFFICIAL FOR A DAY (SOFAD), AS AN OFFICIAL ACTIVITY DURING THE CELEBRATION OF THE SCOUTING AND NATIONAL CHILDREN’S 8 2/16/16 MONTH EVERY THIRD MONDAY OF OCTOBER OF EVERY YEAR IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR. 13 COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN 6/18/16 PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES IN THE REGISTRATION AND ACCREDITATION OF NEW BARANGAY HEALTH WORKER (BHW) IN 14 7/12/16 THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET; AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. GRANTING FINANCIAL INCENTIVE TO BARANGAY VIOLENCE 16 AGAINST WOMEN AND CHILDREN (VAWC) DESK FOCAL PERSONS 7/12/16 IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. GRANTING BENEFIT AND INCENTIVES TO BARANGAY HEALTH WORKER (BHW) WITH ACCREDITATION IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA 22 7/262016 TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREOF. CREATING THE MUNICIPAL GENERAL SERVICES OFFICE OF THE 25 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, AMENDING ORDINANCE 8/23/16 NO. 3 SERIES OF 2001. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES DURING THE CELEBRATION OF THE LA TRINIDAD BIBLE WEEK 28 9/27/16 EVERY LAST WEEK OF JANUARY, PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. CREATING THE PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICE OFFICE IN THE 29 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, PROVIDING FUNDS 10/4/16 THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE “GAWAD PARANGAL” AWARDS FOR 3 COOPERATIVES IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, 11/15/16 PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. CREATING THE LA TRINIDAD TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT BOARD 4 (LTTMB) OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD; PROVIDING 1/31/17 FUNDS THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. 10 PROVIDING REGULATIONS FOR THE APPROPRIATE CONDUCT IN 2/21/17 THE USAGE OF DESIGNATED PEDESTRIAN AND CROSSING LANES

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IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF. ESTABLISHING THE OFFICE FOR SENIOR CITIZENS AFFAIRS (OSCA), PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES IN THE SELECTION OF OSCA 13 3/14/17 HEAD IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET; PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE ANNUAL SEARCH FOR BARANGAY TANOD EXEMPLARY AWARD IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, 17 5/9/17 BENGUET PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES INSTITUTIONALIZING THE MULTI –SECTORAL GOVERNANCE COUNCIL CUM MUNICIPAL ADVISORY COUNCIL FOR THE LA 22 TRINIDAD MUNICIPAL POLICE STATION FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION 6/20/17 AND REALIZATION OF THE PNP PATROL PLAN 2030; PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. DECLARING THE SECOND WEEK OF JULY OF EVERY YEAR AS THE 9/18/2018 OBSERVANCE OF THE HIGHLAND VEGETABLE INDUSTRY WEEK IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE PRINTING OF THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD TO BE KNOWN AS “THE LA 3/13/2018 TRINIDAD DIGEST”, PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. GRANTING FINANCIAL INCENTIVE TO TRAFFIC ENFORCERS UNDER THE TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SECTION OF THE LA TRINIDAD 3/13/2018 MUNICIPAL POLICE STATION (LTMPS), PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES IN THE CONDUCT OF THE LUPONG TAGAPAMAYAPA INCENTIVES AWARDS (LTIA) IN THE MUNICIPALITY 3/27/2018 OF LA TRINIDAD, AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR; AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE CELEBRATION OF THE HEALTH EDUCATION WEEK EVERY THIRD WEEK OF OCTOBER OF EVERY 4/10/2018 YEAR IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE NEIGHBORHOOD WATCH PROGRAM UNDER THE COMMUNITY AND SERVICE-ORIENTED POLICING 4/17/2018 (CSOP) SYSTEM OF THE LATRINIDAD MUNICIPAL STATION (LTMPS); PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. STRENGTHENING AND SUSTAINING THE PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES DURING THE CELEBRATION OF THE “YULETIDE 5/15/2018 MONTH” EVERY DECEMBER OF EVERY YEAR IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD; AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES DURING THE CELEBRATION OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES MONTH 5/22/2018 EVERY OCTOBER OF EVERY YEAR IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA

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TRINIDAD, BENGUET; PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES ON THE USE, MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSITION OF THE PHILHEALTH CAPITATION FUND FROM THE PROCEEDS OF THE OUT PATIENT CONSULTATION AND 5/24/2018 DIAGNOSTIC BENEFIT PACKAGE PROVIDED BY THE PHILHEALTH INSURANCE CORPORATION ON QUALIFIED INDIGENT FAMILIES IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE MORAL ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD THROUGH THE CREATION OF 5/29/2018 THE VALUES FORMATION COUNCIL AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR. PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES IN THE MAINTENANCE OF OFFICIAL SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS UNDER THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA 6/24/2018 TRINIDAD, BENGUET; PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. DECLARING THE FIRST WEEK OF OCTOBER OF EVERY YEAR AS THE TEACHERS DAY IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, 8/7/2018 BENGUET; PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES DECLARING THE SECOND WEEK OF JULY OF EVERY YEAR AS THE OBSERVANCE OF THE HIGHLAND VEGETABLE INDUSTRY WEEK IN 9/18/2018 THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. REGULATING THE OPERATION OF COMPUTER SHOPS AND OTHER SIMILAR ESTABLISHMENTS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, 8/14/2018 BENGUET AND PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE MUNICIPAL ANTI-CRIMINALITY PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES UNDER THE LA TRINIDAD MUNICIPAL POLICE STATION, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE 9/4/2018 “S.T.R.A.W.B.E.R.R.Y POLICING SYSTEM”; PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. AMENDING SECTION 7 OF ORDINANCE NO. 09-2013 OTHERWISE KNOWN AS “THE LA TRINIDAD FUNERAL AND EMBALMING 10/2/2018 ESTABLISHMENT ORDINANCE.” PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE WOMEN’S OFFICIAL FOR A DAY (WOFAD), DURING THE WOMEN’S 10/23/2018 MONTH CELEBRATION IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD; APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

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B. SOCIAL SERVICES Ord. TITLE Date # AN ORDINANCE DECLARING EVERY SECOND WEEK OF DECEMBER EVERY 36 YEAR THEREAFTER AS THE LINGGO NG KABATAAN IN THE MUNICIPALITY 1/14/97 OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, PROVINCE. ORDINANCE REQUIRING BUSINESS ESTABLISHMENTS AND PUBLIC UTILITY VEHICLE TO DISPLAY NOTICE IN A CONSPICIOUS PLACE WITHIN THEIR 38 AREA OF OPERATION FOR A 20 % DISCOUNT GRANTED TO SENIOR 1/28/97 CITIZENS, PURSUANT TO R.A. 7432 AND PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATION HEREOF. AN ORDINANCE GRANTING BURIAL ASSISTANCE TO WORLD WAR II 44 VETERANS OF THE LA TRINIDAD POST, VETERANS FEDERATION OF THE 9/23/97 PHILIPPINES PROVIDING FOR THE CONTROL OF THE EMPLOYMENT OF MINORS IN THE 51 2/24/98 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, PROVINCE. CREATING THE MUNCIPAL COUNCIL/ COMMITTEE FOR THE WELFARE OF 71 CHILDREN (MCWC) IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET 1/4/99 PROVINCE. CREATING THE MUNICIPAL COUNCIL FOR THE WELFARE OF PERSONS 9 WITH DISABILITIES IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, AND 9/4/00 PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFORE. AN ORDINANCE PROVIDING FOR A WOMEN’S DEVELOPMENT CODE OF THE 4 2/12/01 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. AMENDING SECTION 1 OF ORDINANCE NO. 44, S. OF 1997 AN ORDINANCE 14 GRANTING BURIAL ASSISTANCE TO WORLD WAR II VETERANS OF LA 9/17/01 TRINIDAD POST, VETERANS FEDERATION OF THE PHILIPPINES. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE SENTRONG SIGLA OF THE DEPARTMENT OF 19 HEALTH, AS A REGULAR ACTIVITY OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, 11/26/01 BENGUET AND PROVIDING THEREFOR. INSTITUTIONALIZING WOMEN’ HEALTH AND SAFE MOTHERHOOD 3 PROGRAMS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, PROVIDING 2/11/02 FUNDS THEREFOR. CREATING THE MUNICIPAL COUNCIL FOR WOMEN OF LA TRINIDAD AND 7 ALLOCATING FUNDS THEREFOR FROM THE GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT 6/10/02 APPROPRIATION. INSTITUTIONALIZING A NUTRITION PROGRAM FOR MALNOURISHED 8 CHILDREN IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND 6/17/02 PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR. BANNING THE SELLING OR DISPENSING OF CIGARS, CIGARETTES AND 9 SIMILAR PRODUCTS TO MINORS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, 6/17/02 BENGUET AND IMPOSING PENALTIES OF VIOLATIONS THEREOF CREATING THE MUNICIPAL COUNCIL FOR THE WELFARE OF SOLO 12 11/25/02 PARENTS AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR.

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PROVIDING FOR A COMPREHENSIVE CHILDREN’S WELFARE AND SUPPORT 1 PROGRAM OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND FOR 1/13/03 OTHER PURPOSES. CREATING THE MUNICIPAL POPULATION COUNCIL IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF 4 9/29/04 LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR. REGULATING THE OPERATION OF VIDEOKE MACHINES IN THE 2 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR 2/15/05 VIOLATION THEREOF. AUTHORIZING THE MUNICIPAL TREASURER OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, TO COLLECT A VACCINATION FEE IN THE AMOUNT OF NOT MORE THAN SEVEN HUNDRED FIFTY PESOS (P750.00) FROM EACH PERSON/ INDIVIDUAL WHO 4 2/15/05 WOULD LIKE TO AVAIL OF THE VACCINATION PROGRAM AGAINST MENINGOCOCCEMIA DISEASE TO BE PROVIDED BY THE MUNICIPAL HEALTH OFFICE OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. REGULATING THE OPERATION OF VIDEOKE MACHINES IN THE 2/15/05 2. MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR

VIOLATION THEREOF. CREATING THE MUNICIPAL CULTURE AND THE ARTS COUNCIL OF LA 7 4/19/05 TRINIDAD, BENGUET PROVINCE, AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFORE. AMENDING SECTION 10 OF ORDINANCE NO. 1- 2003 ENTITLED “PROVIDING FOR A COMPREHENSIVE CHILDREN’S WELFARE SUPPORT PROGRAM OF 3 6/20/06 THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES”. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE CONDUCT OF THE ANNUAL INTER- BARANGAY 6 SPORTS COMPETITION IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET 12/12/06 PROVINCE AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR. REQUIRING MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS IN PRIVATE MEDICAL CLINICS AND HOSPITALS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET TO REPORT TO THE MUNICIPAL HEALTH OFFICE OF THIS MUNICIPALITY, ALL CASES OF 7 12/19/06 COMMUNICABLE DISEASE DIAGNOSED AND / OR TREATED IN THEIR FACILITIES, PROVIDING FOR VIOLATION THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. AN ORDINANCE REGULATING COCKFIGHTING AND THE ESTABLISHMENT, 9 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF COCKPIT IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA 12/27/06 TRINIDAD, PROVINCE OF BENGUET. AMENDING SECTION 1 OF ORDINANCE NO. 14, SERIES 2001 "AN 3 ORDINANCE GRANTING BURIAL ASSISTANCE TO WORLD WAR II VETERANS 9/10/07 OF LA TRINIDAD POST, VETERANS FEDERATION OF THE PHILIPPINES" AMENDING SECTION 15 OF ORDINANCE NO. 1-2003 ENTITLED “PROVIDING FOR A COMPREHENSIVE CHILDREN’S WELFARE SUPPORT PROGRAM OF 2 3/4/08 THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES” 130 PROVINCIAL ORDINANCE (INTERNET CAFE) 6/30/05

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INSTITUTIONALIZING THE CONDUCT OF THE LA TRINIDAD DENGUE 7 AWARENESS AND PREVENTION MONTH IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA 5/7/11 TRINIDAD, BENGUET EVERY MONTH OF JUNE. ESTABLISHING A BORROWING CENTER FOR SPORTS EQUIPMENT AND 3 MATERIALS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND 1/24/12 APPROVING FUNDS INSTITUTIONALIZING THE CONDUCT OF DENTAL HEALTH MONTH IN THE 4 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET IN THE ENTIRE MONTH OF 1/24/12 FEBRUARY OF EVERY YEAR AND PROVIDING FUNDS INSTITUTIONALIZING THE ANNUAL HEALTH AND WELLNESS PROGRAM TO 9 ALL MUNICIPAL AND BARANGAY OFFICIALS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE 6/25/12 MUNICIPALITY OF LTB AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREOF. INTEGRATING THE ANIMAL BITE TREATMENT CENTER (ABTC) IN THE 11 MUNICIPAL HEALTH OFFICE OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, IMPOSING ANTI 8/23/12 RABIES VACCINATION USER FEES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES INSTITUTIONALIZING INTERVENTION AND DIVERSION PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES FOR CHILDREN AT RISK AND CHILDREN IN 13 10/29/12 CONFLICT WITH THE LAW (CICL) IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREOF. INTEGRATING THE SOCIAL HYGEINE CLINIC IN THE MUNICIPAL HEALTH 14 OFFICE OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING 11/12/12 FUNDS THEREOF. CREATING THE LA TRINIDAD PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES AFFAIRS DESK UNDER THE MUNICIPAL SOCIAL WELFARE DEVELOPMENT OFFICE 16 12/3/12 (MSWDO) IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEROF. STANDARDIZING AND UPGRADING THE BENEFITS OF WORLD WAR II 17 12/3/12 VETERANS AND WIDOWS OF LA TRINIDAD POST, BENGUET PROVINCE. GRANTING ADDITIONAL INCENTIVES TO COMMUNITY SUPPORT SERVICES 2 VOLUNTEERS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND 3/12/13 PROVIDING FUNDS THEROFOR. “REQUIRING THE INSTALLATION OF CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION (CCTV) VIDEO DEVICES AND SIMILAR EQUIPMENT IN COMMERCIAL AND SERVICE 8 ESTABLISHMENTS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND 12/17/13 PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATION THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. PRESCRIBING THE GUIDELINES ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PRE- EMPTIVE OR FORCED EVACUATION IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, 6 6/17/14 BENGUET DURING DISASTER OR EMERGENCY WHERE DANGER OR LOSS OF LIVES BECOMES IMMINENT. REGULATING SMOKING, SELLING, DISTRIBUTION AND ADVERTISEMENT OF 8 TOBACCO PRODUCTS AND IMPOSING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF 7/16/14 IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET.

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INSTITUTIONALIZING THE MIGRANT WORKERS AND OVERSEAS FILIPINO PROGRAMS PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA 9B 8/26/14 TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR.” FOR YOUR INFORMATION AND APPROPRIATE ACTION. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE MOSQUITO BORNE DISEASE COLOR CODING 10 SURVEILLANCE AND INTERVENTION SYSTEM IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA 9/9/14 TRINIDAD, BENGUET. MANDATING THE MANDATORY POSTING OF PRESCRIBED NOTICES OF INFORMATION REGARDING CHILD PROTECTION ON CERTAIN 11 9/30/14 ESTABLISHMENTS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, AND PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF. AMENDING SECTION 2 AND SECTION 3 OF MUNICIPAL ORDINANCE 17-2012 ENTITLED: STANDARDIZING AND UPGRADING THE BENEFITS OF WORLD 9A 10/2/14 WAR II VETERANS AND WIDOWS OF LA TRINIDAD POST, BENGUET PROVINCE. GRANTING AWARDS AND RECOGNITION TO SENIOR CITIZENS AGED 100 16 10/21/14 YEARS OR MORE IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. REGULATING THE MANUFACTURE, SALE DISTRIBUTION, POSSESSION OR 17 USE OF PYROTECHNIC DEVICES; SALE AND PROHIBITING THE 11/11/14 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF ALL FORMS OF FIRECRACKERS IN THE MOLT. DESIGNATING PEDESTRIAN CROSSINGS LANES INCLUDING BLUE LANES FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES (PWD’S) AND SENIOR CITIZENS AND 6 2/10/15 VEHICULAR U-TURN AND OTHER THOROUGHFARES WITHIN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES ON THE DECLARATION OF A STATE OF 7 2/24/15 CALAMITY IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET PRESCRIBING RULES ON THE CANCELLATION OR SUSPENSION OF CLASSES AND WORK IN GOVERNMENT OFFICES DUE TO TYPHOON, 8 3/10/15 FLOODING, OTHER WEATHER DISTURBANCES, AND CALAMITIES IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE MUNICIPAL PRICE COORDINATING COUNCIL OF 9 3/10/15 THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. DESIGNATING A VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND CHILDREN (VAWC) DESK UNDER THE MUNICIPAL SOCIAL WELFARE AND DEVELOPMENT OFFICE 10 3/17/15 (MSWDO) IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEROF. “REQUIRING PRIVATE SECURITY AGENCIES AND COMPANY GUARD 13 FORCES TO EXTEND THEIR SERVICES DURING EMERGENCY, DISASTER OR 4/28/15 CALAMITY IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD.” 14 “QUARTERLY SCHOOL BASED EMERGENCY AND EVACUATION DRILL.” 4/28/15 INSTITUTIONALIZING THE USE OF THE INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM IN THE 19 6/2/15 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET.

185

Ecological Profile 2018

“CREATING THE CHILDREN WITH DISABILITY BOARD IN THE MUNICIPALITY 21 OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF AND FOR OTHER 6/23/15 PURPOSES” PROHIBITING THE CARRYING AND/OR SELLING OF KNUCKLES EITHER 22 MADE OF PLASTIC, METAL BRASS IN THE TERRITORIAL JURISDICTION OF 6/23/15 LA TRINIDAD “ESTABLISHING AN EDUCATIONAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM FOR 23 DESERVING INDIGENT TERTIARY AND TECHNICAL/VOCATIONAL STUDENTS 6/23/15 FROM LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET “PROHIBITNG THE USE OF CELLULAR PHONES AND OTHER SIMILAR 24 ELECTRONIC GADGETS WHILE REFILLING ON FUEL STATIONS OR DEPOTS 6/30/15 IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET.” 25 CREATING THE YOUTH DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL.” 6/30/15 GIVING REWARD TO PERSON WHO GIVES INFORMATION LEADING TO THE 27 PROSECUTION OF ANY PERSON FOR VIOLATION OF THE COMPREHENSIVE 7/7/15 DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT OF 2002 AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. REGULATING THE SALE , USE, MANUFACTURE AND DISTRIBUTION OF IODIZED SALT IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET IN 28 7/21/15 COMPLIANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF RA 8172 OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE “ASIN LAW” AND PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF. SUSTAINING AND STRENGTHENING THE PHILHEALTH SPONSORED 32 PROGRAM IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND 8/6/15 PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF. ESTABLISHING THE LOCAL HUMAN RIGHTS ACTION CENTER IN THE 33 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS 8/6/15 THEREOF. 36 GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT CODE OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET 9/8/15 INSTITUTIONALIZING THE EDUCATIONAL SUPPORT PROGRAM FOR ALL DAY 42 CARE CENTERS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND 9/29/15 PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF. STRENGTHENING AND SUSTAINING PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES FOR THE PREVENTION OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED 44 INFECTIONS (STI), HUMAN IMMUNODEFFICIENCY VIRUS/ ACQUIRED 10/6/15 IMMUNE DEFFICIENCY SYNDROME (HIV/AIDS) IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE ANNUAL HEALTH AND WELLNESS PROGRAM FOR 45 MUNICIPAL PAID TEACHERS AND VOLUNTEERS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA 10/14/15 TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF. STRENGTHENING AND SUSTAINING THE COMPREHENSIVE PROGRAM ON THE TREATMENT FOR TUBERCULOSIS (TB) PATIENTS AND ITS 47 11/3/15 ERADICATON IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREOF.

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Ecological Profile 2018

MANDATING ALL FOOD SERVICE ESTABLISHMENTS AND THE LIKE TO USE SAFETY AND PROTECTIVE WEARS IN THE HANDLING OF FOOD TO THE 5 1/19/16 PUBLIC WITHIN THE MUNICIPALTIY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE COMMUNITY LINKAGES AND SUPPORT SYSTEM 15 DURING DISASTER, CALAMITY OR IN TIMES OF EMERGENCY IN THE 7/12/16 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. REGULATING TRUANCY FOR PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOL 18 STUDENTS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET; AND 7/19/16 PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF. REGULATING THE OPERATIONS OF SCHOOL CANTEENS IN THE 19 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING PENALTY FOR 7/19/16 VIOLATION THEREOF. STRENGTHENING AND SUSTAINING THE ASSISTANCE TO INDIVIDUALS IN 20 CRISIS SITUATION (AICS) PROGRAM IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, 7/19/16 BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF. GUIDELINES IN THE COORDINATION OF THE DELIVERY OF HUMANITARIAN 21 ASSISTANCE OR SERVICES TO DISASTER VICTIMS AND INTERNALLY 7/19/16 DISPLACED PERSONS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. STRENGTHENING AND SUSTAINING THE PROJECTS, PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES DURING THE “18 DAYS CAMPAIGN TO END VIOLENCE AGAINST 23 8/2/16 WOMEN” FROM NOVEMBER 25 TO DECEMBER 12 OF EVERY YEAR IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. PROVIDING FOR THE MANDATORY ESTABLISHMENT OF BREASTFEEDING CORNERS IN ALL GOVERNMENT OFFICES, PUBLIC PLACE, WORK PLACE IN 26 8/23/16 THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE CONDUCT OF PRE-DISASTER RISK ASSESSMENT (PDRA) BEFORE ANY IMPENDING HUMAN INDUCED OR NATURAL DISASTER, 31 11/15/16 CALAMITY OR EMERGENCY IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF. DECLARING LAST WEEK OF SEPTEMBER OF EVERY YEAR AS FAMILY WEEK 7 IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND APPROPRIATING 2/14/17 FUNDS THEREOF. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES DURING THE ANNUAL OBSERVANCE OF THE POLICE COMMUNITY RELATIONS 8 2/14/17 MONTH (PCRM) EVERY JULY OF EVERY YEAR IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF. INSTITUTIONALIZING AND STRENGTHENING THE EMERGENCY SHELTER 12 ASSISTANCE (ESA) PROGRAM IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, 3/7/17 BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF.

187

Ecological Profile 2018

INSTITUTIONALIZING THE PROMOTION OF CULTURE OF PEACE THROUGH THE OBSERVANCE OF THE “WORLD INTERFAITH HARMONY WEEK” DURING 15 THE FIRST WEEK OF FEBRUARY OF EVERY YEAR IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF 3/28/17 LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET; AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE ANNUAL SEARCH FOR THE OUTSTANDING 16 PUBLIC UTILITY VEHICLE (PUV) DRIVERS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA 3/28/17 TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF. PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE FOSTER 18 CARE PROGRAM IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, 5/23/17 PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. PRESCRIBING THE REQUIREMENTS IN SECURING A HEALTH CERTIFICATE 19 FOR NEW AND RENEWAL OF MAYOR'S PERMIT IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA 5/23/17 TRINIDAD BENGUET. INSTITUTIONALIZING A MENTAL HEALTH CARE PROGRAM IN THE 20 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR 2/14/17 AND FOR OTHER PURPOSE. PRESCRIBING THE SPEED LIMIT FOR ALL KINDS OF MOTOR VEHICLES 23 WITHIN THE TERRITORIAL JURISDICTION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA 6/20/17 TRINIDAD, BENGUET; AND PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE ANNUAL EXEMPLARY SEARCH IN DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT (DRRM) AND HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE 25 7/18/17 IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET; PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES IN THE RECOGNITION OF THE WOMEN'S BRIGADE AS PARTNER IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE COMMUNITY AND 29 SERVICE - ORIENTED POLICING (CSOP) SYSTEM BY THE LA TRINIDAD 8/8/17 MUNICIPAL POLICE STATION (LTMPS); PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES GRANTING FREE MOVIE PRIVILEGE FOR SENIOR CITIZENS IN SELECTED CINEMAS AND INSTITUTIONALIZING THE CONDUCT OF ALTERNATIVE MOVIE 1/30/2018 SCREENING; PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. PROVIDING GUIDELINES IN GRANTING BURIAL ASSISTANCE TO THE BEREAVED FAMILY OF DECEASED SENIOR CITIZENS, PROVIDING FUNDS 2/20/2018 THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES IN THE ISSUANCE OF A PWD-IDENTIFICATION CARD TO PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC ILLNESS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA 3/20/2018 TRINIDAD, BENGUET.

188

Ecological Profile 2018

GRANTING FREE MOVIE PRIVILEGE FOR SENIOR CITIZENS IN SELECTED 1/30/2018 CINEMAS AND INSTITUTIONALIZING THE CONDUCT OF ALTERNATIVE MOVIE SCREENING; PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. PROVIDING GUIDELINES IN GRANTING BURIAL ASSISTANCE TO THE BEREAVED 2/20/2018 FAMILY OF DECEASED SENIOR CITIZENS, PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES IN THE ISSUANCE OF A PWD-IDENTIFICATION CARD 3/20/2018 TO PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC ILLNESS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES IN THE ESTABLISHMENT, OPERATION AND 3/20/2018 MANAGEMENT OF THE “DENTAL CLINIC SA BARANGAY HEALTH CENTERS” IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFORE AND FOR OTHER PURPOSE. STRENGTHENING AND SUSTAINING THE CHILD DEVELOPMENT OR DAY 3/20/2018 CARE CENTER PROGRAM OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR; AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. INSTITUTIONALIZING A COMPREHENSIVE HEALTH CARE SUPPORT 4/10/2018 PROGRAM FOR CANCER PATIENTS AND SURVIVORS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFORE AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES INSTITUTIONALIZING POLICIES, PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES ON 4/17/2018 THE EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE AND DEVELOPMENT (ECCD) OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES IN THE GRANTING OF DISCOUNTS TO SENIOR 6/19/2018 CITIZENS ON THE SALE OF GOODS, SERVICES, BASIC NECESSITIES AND PRIME COMMODITIES IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LATRINIDAD, BENGUET; PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE WOMEN'S MONTH CELEBRATION EVERY MARCH 6/19/2018 OF EVERY YEAR IN THE MUNICIALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES UPDATING AND UPGRADING THE BENEFITS OF THE LIVING WORLD WAR ll 9/18/2018 VETERANS AND WIDOWS UNDER THE LA TRINIDAD POST, BENGUET PROVINCE, CORDILLERA ADMINISTRATIVE REGION. REGULATING THE SALE, DISTRIBUTION AND DISPOSAL OF MOMA PRODUCTS IN 10/2/2018 THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF.

189

Ecological Profile 2018

C. ECONOMIC SECTOR Ord. TITLE Date # AN ORDINANCE FURTHER AMENDING SECTION NO. 7 OF MUNICIPAL ORDINANCE NO. 4 S. 1987 WHICH AMENDED SECTION 5A, 03 ( a ) – ( c ) ARTICLE A, CHAPTER V OF 10 9/16/93 MUNICIPAL ORDINANCE NO. 1, S. 1979 OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE LA TRINIDAD REVENUE CODE. AN ORDINANCE ESTABLISHING RULES AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING THE 19 ADMINISTRATION OF THE LA TRINIDAD VEGETABLE TRADING POST (LTVTP), LA 11/21/95 TRINIDAD, BENGUET PROVINCE. AUTHORIZING THE MANDATORY COLLECTION OF FIFTEEN PESOS (P15.00) FOR THE 42 ISSUANCE OF IDENTIFICATION CARDS TO EVERYONE DOING BUSINESS AT THE 9/2/97 TRADING POST. ESTABLISHING A POLICY TO IMPOSE A HIGHER RATE OF RENTALS PER SQUARE 49 METER PER DAY FROM MARKET STALLS AND SPACES IN ANY PUBLIC MARKET 1/6/98 DERIVED FROM LOANS. IMPOSING THE AMOUNT OF THREE HUNDRED PESOS (P 300.00 ) AS FUND RAISING AND SOLICITATION PERMIT FEE FOR ANY PERSON, ORGANIZATION/ ASSOCIATION OR 70 12/7/98 GROUP WHO WILL CONDUCT FUND RAISING ACTIVITY OF ALL FORMS WITHIN THE MUNICIPALITY AND PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF. AUTHORIZING THE SALE OF ORNAMENTAL PLANTS AND CUTFLOWERS AT KM. 5 10 PUBLIC MARKET AREA, LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, FROM OCTOBER 25 TO NOVEMBER 2 10/9/00 OF EVERY YEAR. FORMULATING AND ESTABLISHING THE LA TRINIDAD TOURISM CODE WHICH PROVIDES FOR THE RULES AND REGULATION GOVERNING THE TOURISM INDUSTRY 6 3/11/02 IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, ITS PROMOTION, DEVELOPMENT AND ADMINISTRATION, AND PRESCRIBING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATION THEREOF. PROVIDING GUIDELINES AND REGULATIONS FOR THE OPERATION, MAINTENANCE 3 AND MANAGEMENT OF THE 2002 PUBLIC MARKET BUILDING AND PROVIDING 2/15/05 PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS THEREOF. APPROVING THE 2005 REVISED REVENUE CODE OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA 12 12/20/05 TRINIDAD, PROVINCE OF BENGUET. ESTABLISHING RULES AND REGULATION GOVERNING THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE 5 12/9/09 LA TRINIDAD VEGETABLE TRADING POST (LTVTP), LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET PROVINCE. DECLARING THE GARDEN CITY CONFERENCE CENTER AS AN ECONOMIC 12 9/9/11 ENTERPRISE OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. CREATING THE MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL 6 6/18/12 (MSMEDC) OF THE MUNCIPALITY OF LTB AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF. MANDATING ALL CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES, CONTRACTORS AND/ OR SUBCONTRACTORS FOR PUBLIC AND PRIVATE INFRASTRACTURE PROJECTS TO 8 HAVE 50% OF THE UNSKILLED AND 30% OF THE SKILLED REQUIRMENTS FROM THE 6/25/12 AVAILABLE MANPOWERS RESOURCE OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LTB AND PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS THEROF.

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Ecological Profile 2018

REGULATING THE OPERATION OF WATER RETAIL SYSTEMS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF 12 10/22/12 LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PRESCRIBING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATION THEROF. DECLARING THE NEWLY CONSTRUCTED ONE STOREY MULTI-PURPOSE BUILDING WITH 13 THIRTEEN PARTITION STALLS LOCATED AT THE WESTERN SIDE OF THE LA 15 TRINIDAD VEGETABLE TRADING POST AND MADE OF COLORED METAL ROOFING 11/12/12 WITH STAINLESS METAL ROLL-UP DOORS, AS RENTABLE BOOTHS AND AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE LA TRINIDAD VEGETABLE TRADING POST FACILITIES. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE ORGANIC AGRICULTURE SUSTAINABILITY AND 5 DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET; 4/15/14 PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF AND OTHER PURPOSES. ESTABLISHING THE "TIMBANGAN NG BAYAN" IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS FOR THE PURPOSE WITH PENALTY AS 9 8/5/14 PROVIDED UNDER REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7394 ALSO KNOWN AS CONSUMER ACT OF THE PHILIPPINES. CREATING THE MUNICIPAL COOPERATIVE AND DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL OF THE 15 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEROF AND 10/21/14 OTHER RELATED PURPOSES. LEVYING FEE FOR ADMINISTRATIVE COMPLAINTS FILED BEFORE THE SANGGUNIANG 12 4/14/15 BAYAN. DECLARING THE 1993 PUBLIC MARKET BUILDING, KM.5 PAY PARKING AREA, TOILET 15 AREA, 2002 PUBLCI MARKET, LTVTP…AS ECONOMIC ENTERPRISES OF THE 5/6/15 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. ESTABLISHING A PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) APPROACH TOWARDS 26 6/30/15 DEVELOPMENT.” INSTITUTIONALIZING A COMPREHENSIVE LIVELIHOOD DEVELOPMENT POLICY OF THE 40 9/22/15 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. REGULATING THE OPERATION OF MOTORIZED TRICYCLES IN BARANGAY BECKEL, BARANGAY AMBIONG AND SITIO DREAMLAND-PERIPINBATO OF BARANGAY PICO IN 6 1/26/16 THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD AND PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF. ESTABLISHING A “GO NEGOSYO CENTER” IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, 7 2/9/16 BENGUET, PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE CELEBRATION OF THE COFFEE FESTIVAL EVERY FIRST 5 WEEK OF FEBRUARY OF EVERY YEAR IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, 2/7/17 BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF. CREATING THE LA TRINIDAD COFFEE DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL IN THE MUNICIPALITY 21 6/6/17 OF LA TRINIDAD; PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. REVISING THE 2005 REVENUE CODE OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, 24 PROVINCE OF BENGUET OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE REVISED REVENUE CODE OF 2017 7/4/17 INSTITUTIONALIZING THE PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES FOR THE 4/24/2018 DEVELOPMENT AND PROMOTION OF “FARM TOURISM” IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF

LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET; PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

191

Ecological Profile 2018

INSTITUTIONALIZING THE CELEBRATION OF THE COOPERATIVE MONTH EVERY 4/24/2018 OCTOBER OF EVERY YEAR IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSE. CREATING THE STRAWBERRY FARM COOPERATION AND PROMOTIONS BOARD OF 5/15/2018 THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET; PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND

FOR OTHER PURPOSES. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES FOR THE 6/19/2018 DEVELOPMENT AND PROMOTION OF THE STOBOSA HILLSIDE HOMES ARTWORK AT

BALILI, LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET. PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES IN THE CONSTRUCTION, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE 6/31/2018 OF THE MUNICIPAL OWNED PAY TOILETS AS OTHER ECONOMIC ENTERPRISE (OEE)

OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES DURING THE 10/23/2018 CELEBRATION OF THE LA TRINIDAD TOURISM WEEK IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA

TRINIDAD, AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR. AMENDING SECTION 3A.08 PARAGRAPH 1 (a) OF ORDINANCE NO. 24-2017 OTHERWISE 12/11/2018 KNOWN AS “THE REVISED REVENUE CODE OF 2017.”

D. ENVIRONMENT Ord. # TITLE DATE AN ORDINANCE AMENDING ORDINANCE NO. 3 S. 1976 ENTITLED “ AN 3/5/92 ORDINANCE PROHIBITING ASTRAY DOGS FROM LOITERING WITHIN THE 4 PROHIBITED ZONES IN LA TRINIDAD, PROVINCE OF BENGUET, AND PROVIDING FOR THE DISPOSITION THEREOF. PROVIDING FOR A COMPREHENSIVE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT OF THE 3/31/98 53 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, PROVINCE DECLARING THE DINOG NATURAL IRRIGATION TUNNEL AS A PROTECTED 8/2/99 77 IRRIGATION SYSTEM PROHIBITING ITS DESTRUCTION AND PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS THEREOF ORDINANCE GOVERNING AND REGULATING THE SALE, DISPOSAL, STORAGE 11/25/08 7 AND TRANSPORTATION OF CHICKEN DUNG IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD AND PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS THEREOF. REGULATING THE DISPOSAL OF “MOMA” SPITTLE OR “MOMA” REFUSE IN THE 4 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD AND PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATION 3/1/11 THEREOF. REGULATING THE OPERATION AND MANAGEMENT OF FUNERAL AND 12/17/13 9 EMBALMING ESTABLISHMENT IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF. REQUIRING OPERATORS AND ORGANIZERS OF TRADE FAIRS, BARATILLO, 18 CHRISTMAS CARAVAN ….TO PROVIDE PORTALETS IN DESIGNATED AREAS 11/25/14 DURING THEIR EVENTS AND PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF.

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Ecological Profile 2018

REGULATING THE USE OF PLASTIC BAG POLYSTERENE/STYRPFOAM AND 4/7/15 11 OTHER SYNTHETIC PACKAGING MATERIAL… LEVYING FEE FOR ADMINISTRATIVE COMPLAINTS FILED BEFORE THE SANGGUNIANG BAYAN PROHIBIITNG THE REMOVAL OF MUFFLERS ON VEHICLES AND INSTALLATION 5/6/15 16 OF MODIFIED MUFFLERS… REGULATING THE ESTABLISHMENT, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF JUNK 7/21/15 30 SHOPS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. DECLARING SEPTEMBER 16 OF EVERY YEAR AS THE BALILI RIVER DAY IN 7/28/15 31 THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF. DECLARING JUNE 25 OF EVERY YEAR AS ARBOR DAY IN THE MUNICIPALITY 9/15/15 39 OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. INSTITUTIONALIZING THE PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES FOR THE 3/17/15 9 MITIGATION OF EL NINO EFFECTS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF REGULATING THE ESTABLISHMENT, MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION OF PRIVATE ABATTOIR/SLAUGHTER AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES IN THE 27 9/27/16 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF. INSTITUTIONALIZING, STRENGTHENING AND SUSTAINING THE PROGRAMS, 12/7/16 PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES FOR CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AND 17 MITIGATION IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET; PROVIDING FUNDS THEREOF; AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. REGULATING PET OWNERSHIP IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, 10/25/16 30 BENGUET AND PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. REQUIRING THAT DUMP TRUCKS AND OTHER MODES OF TRANSPORTATION 7/18/17 SHOULD BE PROVIDED WITH A MEANS OF PROTECTIVE COVERING OR 26 SECUREMENT OF ITS LOADS / CARGO TO PREVENT FROM SPILLING ON PUBLIC THOROUGHFARES WITH IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATION THEREFOR. REGULATING CIVIL WORK EXCAVATION AND DIGGING ON ALL NATIONAL AND 8/8/17 LOCAL ROADS, THOROUGHFARES, PASSAGEWAYS, SIDEWALKS AND ANY 30 OTHER PUBLIC PLACE IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATION THEREOF. AMENDING SECTION 4 ON LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS OF ORDINANCE 1/23/2018 NO. 16-2015 OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE “TAMBUTSO ORDINANCE OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD”. PRESCRIBING REGULATIONS FOR THE PROPER DISPOSAL OF COOKING OIL 4/24/2018 RESIDUES OR EXTRACTS USED BY ALL ESTABLISHMENTS ENGAGED IN FOOD

SERVICES WITHIN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS THEREOF.

193

Ecological Profile 2018

INSTITUTIONALIZING AND STRENGTHENING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE 8/28/2018 BANTAY BASURA PROGRAM IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET; PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. REGULATING THE SALE, DISTRIBUTION AND DISPOSAL OF MOMA PRODUCTS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING PENALTY 10/2/2018 FOR VIOLATION THEREOF.

E. INFRASTRUCTURE SECTOR PROHIBITING THE USE, INTERCONNECTION OR RECEPTION OF ANY OF THE SERVICE BEING OFFERED BY CATV OR CABLE INTERNET SYSTEM AND / OR NETWOEKS BY OR 8 12/19/06 THROUGH UNAUTHORIZED INSTALLATION, ACCESS OR CONNECTION THERETO AND PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATION THEREOF.

ESTABLISHING A TOURIST INFORMATION AND ASSISTANCE CENTER OF THE 10 MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, DEFINING ITS FUNCTIONS AND PROVIDING 08/23/12 FUNDS THEREOF. REQUIRING THE INCLUSION OF THE USE OF CONCRETE ADMIXTURES THAT ACCELERATE THE SETTING AND HARDENING OF CONCRETE MIX, IN THE PROGRAM OF 10 WORK OF CIVIL WORKS TO BE UNDERTAKEN ALONG NATIONAL OR LOCAL 03/01/16 THOROUGHFARES WITHIN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND PROVIDING PENALTY FOR VIOLATIONS THEREOF PRESCRIBING GUIDELINES IN THE ISSUANCE OF CERTIFICATE OF FINAL ELECTRICAL INSPECTION (CFEI) FOR CERTAIN BUILDING STRUCTURES (GROUP A RESIDENTIAL 11 3/22/16 DIVISION 1 AND GROUP J-ACCESORY 1) IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. ESTABLISHING THE COMMUNICATION, INFORMATION AND SURVEILLANCE COMMAND 28 CENTER (CISCC) OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF LA TRINIDAD, BENGUET, PROVIDING FUNDS 08/01/17 THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

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LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT – CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATION Linkages

The LGU of La Trinidad has established its linkage with the private sector through the issuance of an Administrative Order creating the Local Development Council of which they are members. Member organizations having their own representatives are as follows:

1. The La Trinidad Cut flower & Ornamental Growers Association 2. Local Council for the Protection of Children 3. The LT PTCA Federation 4. Senior Citizens’ Federation 5. La Trinidad 4H Club 6. Kabalikat Civicom 7. La Trinidad People’s Organization 8. Jaime V. Ongpin Foundation 9. D Valley Riders of La Trinidad 10. Bagsakan Municipal Clusters Veg. Dealer’s Assn. 11. Strawberry Fields Satellite MPC 12. Alno Rural Development Coop. 13. Veterans Sons and Daughters Assn. 14. Kabenguetan Ladies 15. Rural Improvement Club Federation 16. La Trinidad La Organica 17. LT Organic Practitioners MPC 18. LT Veg. Trading Post MPC 19. Town Transporters Association 20. La Trinidad Flower Shop Assn.

Local Governance Performance Report, 2009-2012

The Local Governance Performance Management System, or LGPMS for brevity, is an on-line national information system on local governments, introduced by the Department of the Interior and Local Government. It is a self-assessment, management and development tool that enables local governments to determine their capabilities and limitations in the delivery of essential public services. It is a web-based system that has the ability to produce information on the state of local governance performance, and the state of local development, using governance and development indicators.

In 2012, the state of Local Governance Performance of the municipal government report is indicated below in 5 areas of governance. With 5 as the highest rank, the municipal government of La Trinidad excels in its participation, transparency, financial accountability, administrative governance particularly the Human Resource Management and Development, Social Governance, and in Forest Ecosystems Management. In most areas of

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governance, although not excellent, the local government is doing fairly well. Priority Are as that need improvement are in Entrepreneurship, Business and Industry Promotion and Support to Agriculture Services.

LGPMS Ratings, 2009-2012 Governance Indicators/ yr. 2009 2010 2011 2012 Fundamentals of Governance Participation 4.00 5.00 4.83 5.00 Transparency 5.00 4.87 4.87 5.00 Financial Accountability 3.49 4.51 4.59 5.00 Administrative Governance Local Legislation 3.97 3.36 2.54 4.75 Development Planning 4.81 4.86 4.41 4.80 Customer Service - Civil Applications 4.60 4.00 5.00 4.80 Human Resource Management and Development 3.80 4.20 4.20 5.00 Social Governance Health Services 4.74 4.84 4.84 5.00 Support to Education Services 4.90 5.00 4.50 5.00 Support to Housing and Basic Utilities 3.40 5.00 3.40 5.00 Peace, Security and Disaster Risk Management 4.79 4.97 3.71 4.78 Economic Governance Support to Agriculture Services 4.00 4.67 4.67 3.71 Entrepreneurship, Business and Industry Promotion 3.50 4.67 4.27 3.94 Environmental Governance Forest Ecosystems Management 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 Urban Ecosystems Management 2.59 4.48 4.28 4.65 Source: State of Local Governance Performance, Electronic Report, 2009-2012 ( 5: Highest)

Local Achievements

2007 Most Child- Friendly Municipality Award, Regional Awardee 2008 Most Outstanding LGU in Literacy Program, National Finalist 2009 Presidential Award for Most Child-Friendly Municipalities, National Finalist 2010 Best “One Town, One Product” Implementer Award, National Finalist 2011 Gawad Saka Awardee Agri-Pinoy Awardee Seal of Good Housekeeping Most Improved Municipal Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit 2012 Most Child- Friendly Municipality Award, Presidential Award Best in Promotion and Enhancement of Organic Agriculture, Regional Awardee

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Best Environmental Practices, Provincial Awardee Seal of Good Housekeeping Seal of Disaster Preparedness

2014 Outstanding Municipality Achievers Award Level II Prime HRM Award BPLS Compliant Award Most Competitive Municipality in CAR, 2nd Place Gawad Kalasag 2014, Regional Awardee (1st) Gawad Kalasag, National Awardee (3rd) Gawad Kalasag (1st Place-CAR), CDRRMC, Dec., 15, 2014 Local Government Achiever’s Award on Organic Agriculture (Mun. Category-Regional Winner), DA-CAR, May 30, 2014

2015 Best Local Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council, DND-CAR-RDRRMC (1st – 3rd Class Municipality), Dec. 16, 2015 Special Award – Forwarding Local Autonomy Medal of Excellence, RDC, July 15, 2015 Rank 1 – Municipalities Competitive Index, Cordillera Level (DILG and DTI-CAR), Nov. 17, 2015 Rank 26– Municipalities Competitive Index, National Level, DILG and DTI-CAR, Nov. 17, 2015 Rank 2 – Municipalities Competitiveness Index (CAR Level), DILG and DTI-CAR, Nov. 25, 2015 Rank 46 – Cities and Municipalities Competitiveness Index, Nat’l. Level, DILG and DTI-CAR, Nov. 17, 2015 Most Improved in CMCI Ranking (National), DILG and DTI-CAR, Nov. 17, 2015 Gawad Kalasag (3rd Place National), NDRRMC, March 26, 2015 Best Practices Local Legislative Award (1st – 3rd Class Municipalities), Beng. Prov., Nov. 19, 2015 Best Practices on Environmental Management (1st Place), Benguet Province, Nov. 19, 2015 Most Child-Friendly Municipality, DSWD-CAR, Nov. 26, 2015 Best Agri-tourism Booth, Benguet Province, Nov. 24, 2015 Certificate of Recognition for Good Financial House Keeping 2014, DILG, July 13, 2015 Certificate of Recognition for Business Friendliness and Competitiveness 2014, DILG, July, 13, 2015 Certificate of Recognition for Disaster Preparedness, 2014, DILG, July 13, 2015 Certificate of Recognition for Peace and Order (2014), DILG, July 13, 2015

2016 Gawad Pagkilala: Sustainable Best Practices on SWM 2015 Outstanding Child Friendly Municipality (1st to 3rd Class) Best Municipal DRRMC (1st to 3rd Class) 1st & 2nd Class Municipalities Regional Competitiveness Committee (11th Place Nationwide) Certificate of Recognition: Government Efficiency (1st Place) 1st & 2nd Class Municipalities Regional Competitiveness Committee (33rd Place Nationwide) Certificate of Recognition: Infrastructure (1st Place)

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1st & 2nd Class Municipalities Regional Competitiveness Committee (27th Place Nationwide) Certificate of Recognition: Economic Dynamism (1st Place) 1st & 2nd Class Municipalities Regional Competitiveness Index (1st Place CAR, 14th Place Nationwide) Seal of Good Local Governance Financial Administration Disaster Preparedness Social Protection Business Friendliness and Competitiveness Peace and Order Environmental Management Gawad Kalasag 2016 (2nd Place National Level) Gawad Kalasag (2nd Place National Level) Seal of Child Friendly Local Governance

2017 Gawad Parangal for Best Performing LGU Coop. Development Officer – Ist Place Nat’l. Level Red Orchid Awardee – National Level Seal of Good Local Governance – National Level Gawad Kalasag – 2nd Place National Level Top Performing Municipal Police Station – Women and Children Protection Desk (WCPD) PRO-COR - Administrative - Investigation (Best on Accomplishment on Implan Tugis) - Police Community Relations Top 1 Performer of Benguet PPO in Weight Loss Challenge (PRO-COR)

2018 Municipality’s Best Practices and Exemplary Contribution in the Implementation of Environmental Laws in the Province of Benguet (DENR-EMB-CAR)

Best Municipal Police Station in the Philippines (PNP)

Gawad Parangal for the Best Performing LGU Cooperative Development Office, 1st Place National Level

Best Tourism Event (Festival), Municipality Citation of the Strawberry Festival 2017, 13th ATOP- DOT PEARL AWARDS

4th Place Economic Dynamism (1st – 2nd Class Municipalities), 2018 CMCI, DTI-DILG-CAR

18th Place Overall Most Competitive (1st to 2nd) Class Municipalities), CMCI, DTI-DILG-CAR

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Ist Place Gawad Parangal 2018, Best Performing LGU Cooperative Development Office, CDA Regional & National

Hall of Fame, Best implementer on Environmental Management, Province of Benguet

Red Orchid Awardee 2018, DOH Regional and National

1st Place, 20th Gawad Kalasag 2018, Best Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (1st to 3rd Class Municipalities), Department of National Defense Regional and National

Most Outstanding Anti-Drug Abuse Council (ADAC) Award, DILG National Level

Certificate of Recognition: Passing 4 out of 7 Local Government Assessment Areas for the 2018, DILG National Level for the following Areas:  Peace and Order  Business-Friendliness and Competitiveness  Environmental Management  Tourism, Culture and the Arts

Seal of Good Financial Housekeeping 2018, DILG National Level

This document is prepared by the Office of Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator.

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