12/13/2010

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

FLOOR SYSTEMS

( Ref: Building Construction Illustrated, Francis DK Ching)

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Floor systems

~ Horizontal planes of the construction that must support both live loads and dead loads.

~ It transfer their loads horizontally across space to either beams and columns or to loadbearing walls.

~ May be composed of series of linear beams and joist overlaid with a plane of sheathing or decking.

~ The depth is directly related to the size and proportion of the structural bays it must span and the strength of the material used.

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Floor systems

~ Except for exterior floor decks, floor systems are not normally exposed to weather .

~ Because they all must support traffic, durable, resistance to wear, and maintenance requirements are factors to consider in the selection of a floor finish and the system required to support it.

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Floor systems

~ Comparative floor systems:- CtCast-in-pl/tlace / cast-in-situ * Concrete Floor Slabs Precast concrete slab

* Steel Floor Decking Metal decking

Plywood / wood decking * Wood Floor Planks Timber planks

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete floor systems

One way slab

~ uniformly thick

~ reinforced in one direction

~ cast integrated with parallel supporting beams

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete floor systems

One-way joist slab

~ also known as ribbed slab

~ cast interestedly with series of closely spaced joists or parallel set of beams

~ suitable for longer spans and heavier loads than one-way slab

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete floor systems

Two-way slab and beam

~ uniformed thickness

~ reinforced in two directions

~ cast integrally with supporting beams and columns on all four sides

~ effective for medium spans and heavy loads

~ high resistance to lateral forces

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete floor systems

Two-way waffle slab

~two way concrete slab reinforced by ribs in two direction

~ able to carry heavier loads

~ span longer distance

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete floor systems

Two-way flat plate

~ uniformed thickness

~ reinforced in two or more directions

~ supported directly by columns without beams or girders

~ lower floor to floor heights

~ flexible in column placement

~ practical for apartment or hotel construction

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete floor systems

Two-way flat slab

~ flat plate thickened at its column supports

~ intend to increase its shear strength and moment resisting capacity

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Precast concrete floor systems

~ are one way spanning units

~ supported by site-cast concrete, or precast concrete, or masonry bearing walls etc.

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete Formwork & Shoring

Knee Bracing

Kicker Ledger Metal or wood joist Blocking

Braced T-and-L- heads

Bracing

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Precast concrete units ~ Solid Flat Slab

~Hollow Core Slab

~ Single Tees

~ Double Tees

~ Rectangular Beams

~ L-Shape Beam

~ Inverted Tee Beam

~Girders

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Precast concrete connection

Steel angle welded to Reinforced site-cast steel plates cast into concrete topping beam and column (SCREEDING)

Synthetic rubber Synthetic rubber bearinggp pad bearinggp pad

Precast Beams Precast Structural Tees

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