Geography the Jedi Way
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Edition 1 Introduction to Human Geography: A Disciplinary Approach Geography the Jedi Way GEOGRAPHY THE JEDI WAY Introduction to Human Geography: A Disciplinary Approach 2015 Steven M. Graves Department of Geography California State University, Northridge Table of Contents Preface ..................................................................................... 4 Chapter 1 : Geography – it’s not what you think it is. ................ 1 Geography – So Boring! How did it get this way? .......................... 2 Geography as Discipline – Key Aspects of the Geodi Way ............. 3 Geography is a Way to See the World – Jedi Googles ................... 4 Geography is a Way to Ask Questions – Geodi Mind Tricks ........... 5 Geography is a Way to Solve Problems – Light Sabers.................. 6 Geography is a Way to Communicate – Jedi Language ................. 7 Critical Concepts .............................. Error! Bookmark not defined. How this book is arranged xxxx ...................................................... 8 Core Concepts ................................................................................ 9 Chapter End Matter ....................................................................... 16 Teach Spatial ................................................................................ 16 Chapter 2 : Culture then and now ........................................... 17 Does Culture Exist? ...................................................................... 17 Folk Culture ................................................................................... 17 Folk Regions ................................................................................. 18 Folk Housing ................................................................................. 20 Folk Music to Popular Music ......................................................... 32 The Geography of Sports .............................................................. 36 Chapter 3 agriculture and foodways ......... 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Landscape of Food ....................................................................... 42 Why do we eat this stuff? .............................................................. 43 Geography of Barbecue (BBQ) ..................................................... 47 Agricultural Regions ...................................................................... 49 Von Thunen’s Model - ................................................................... 52 Agriculture around the World ........................................................ 53 Agricultural Landscapes ................................................................ 58 Key Terms and Concepts .............................................................. 65 For Further Reading ...................................................................... 65 Chapter 4 Health and Disease ............................................... 66 Chapter 5 Linguistic Geography ............................................. 67 Introduction ................................................................................... 67 Language on the Landscape ......................................................... 68 World Languages .......................................................................... 69 American Dialects ......................................................................... 73 Mapping Dialects .......................................................................... 74 Ethnicity and Dialect...................................................................... 75 Toponyms – Place Name Geography ........................................... 77 Toponymy and Place Marketing .................................................... 78 Language and the Environment .................................................... 79 Chapter 6 Religion ................................................................. 81 What is it? ..................................................................................... 81 What does it look like? The Landscape of Religion ...................... 83 Shrines .......................................................................................... 85 Religious Holiday Space – ............................................................ 85 Cemeteries .................................................................................... 86 Where is it?: Religious Realms ..................................................... 88 American Christianity .................................................................... 90 Islam ............................................................................................. 92 Judaism ......................................................................................... 93 Hinduism ....................................................................................... 94 Why Here? .................................................................................... 95 The Big Picture ............................................................................. 97 Chapter 7 : POLITICS AND POWER ................................... 101 Federalism vs. the Unitary State ................................................. 102 Separatist Movements ................................................................ 104 Electoral Politics - Boundary Drawing ......................................... 107 Political Cultures ......................................................................... 111 Electoral Cartography ................................................................. 117 Political Landscapes ................................................................... 121 Chapter 8 CRIME AND PUNISHMENT ................................ 124 Patterns of Crime ........................................................................ 124 Patterns of Punishment ............................................................... 124 Chapter 9 Ethnicity and Identity ............................................ 125 Space Makes Race ..................................................................... 131 Ebony and Ivory – Physical Geography of Race ......................... 132 Ethnicity and the Economy .......................................................... 138 Ethnic Regions ............................................................................ 140 Process ....................................................................................... 141 Black Ghetto Typology ................................................................ 144 Ethnic Landscapes ..................................................................... 147 Insert GIS Lab Skill ..................................................................... 151 Chapter 10 Gender .............................................................. 152 Chapter 11 : URBAN GEOGRAPHY .................................... 153 Defining Cities ............................................................................. 153 Birth of Cities ............................................................................... 155 Urban Morphology ...................................................................... 164 City Life ....................................................................................... 168 City as Place ............................................................................... 181 Chapter 12 Economic Geography ........................................ 184 Economic Sectors ....................................................................... 184 Economic Base Analysis ............................................................. 202 Site Location ............................................................................... 203 Marketing Geography.................................................................. 205 Chapter 13 Transportation ................................................... 210 Chapter 14 Environment and Nature .................................... 211 PREFACE This text was conceived and executed with several key goals in mind. The first and most obvious goal of ours was to provide a text at little to no cost to a generation of students who face exceptional and ever-rising cost constraints as they seek education. Students should be able to acquire this text in a variety of digital and print formats so that their needs are met on terms set by the student, not administrators or bookstores and publishers. The second critical goal set forth by the authors of this text was to introduce students to a contemporary version of geography. Instead of prompting students to remember an encyclopedia of the United States or the World, our focus is squarely on helping students learn how to think about their world as accomplished geographers think about it. We want students to learn how to “do geography”, as they learn “about geography”. We hope students will finish the semester with some disciplinary skills in addition to the more common subject knowledge associated with traditional introductory geography texts. If we are all lucky, then students will develop healthy and positive dispositions as well. A third goal identified by the authors was to make a geography text that is exciting while academically demanding. This means that the authors have endeavored to illustrate key concepts and skills with examples and data that are contemporary, engaging and relevant. We also believe that even freshmen must be introduced to some measure of the theory that makes modern cultural geography so captivating. It seems absurd to us that