Ophiuroid (Echinodermata) Systematics—Where Do We Come From, Where Do We Stand and Where Should We Go?*
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National Monitoring Program for Biodiversity and Non-Indigenous Species in Egypt
UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM MEDITERRANEAN ACTION PLAN REGIONAL ACTIVITY CENTRE FOR SPECIALLY PROTECTED AREAS National monitoring program for biodiversity and non-indigenous species in Egypt PROF. MOUSTAFA M. FOUDA April 2017 1 Study required and financed by: Regional Activity Centre for Specially Protected Areas Boulevard du Leader Yasser Arafat BP 337 1080 Tunis Cedex – Tunisie Responsible of the study: Mehdi Aissi, EcApMEDII Programme officer In charge of the study: Prof. Moustafa M. Fouda Mr. Mohamed Said Abdelwarith Mr. Mahmoud Fawzy Kamel Ministry of Environment, Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) With the participation of: Name, qualification and original institution of all the participants in the study (field mission or participation of national institutions) 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS page Acknowledgements 4 Preamble 5 Chapter 1: Introduction 9 Chapter 2: Institutional and regulatory aspects 40 Chapter 3: Scientific Aspects 49 Chapter 4: Development of monitoring program 59 Chapter 5: Existing Monitoring Program in Egypt 91 1. Monitoring program for habitat mapping 103 2. Marine MAMMALS monitoring program 109 3. Marine Turtles Monitoring Program 115 4. Monitoring Program for Seabirds 118 5. Non-Indigenous Species Monitoring Program 123 Chapter 6: Implementation / Operational Plan 131 Selected References 133 Annexes 143 3 AKNOWLEGEMENTS We would like to thank RAC/ SPA and EU for providing financial and technical assistances to prepare this monitoring programme. The preparation of this programme was the result of several contacts and interviews with many stakeholders from Government, research institutions, NGOs and fishermen. The author would like to express thanks to all for their support. In addition; we would like to acknowledge all participants who attended the workshop and represented the following institutions: 1. -
High Level Environmental Screening Study for Offshore Wind Farm Developments – Marine Habitats and Species Project
High Level Environmental Screening Study for Offshore Wind Farm Developments – Marine Habitats and Species Project AEA Technology, Environment Contract: W/35/00632/00/00 For: The Department of Trade and Industry New & Renewable Energy Programme Report issued 30 August 2002 (Version with minor corrections 16 September 2002) Keith Hiscock, Harvey Tyler-Walters and Hugh Jones Reference: Hiscock, K., Tyler-Walters, H. & Jones, H. 2002. High Level Environmental Screening Study for Offshore Wind Farm Developments – Marine Habitats and Species Project. Report from the Marine Biological Association to The Department of Trade and Industry New & Renewable Energy Programme. (AEA Technology, Environment Contract: W/35/00632/00/00.) Correspondence: Dr. K. Hiscock, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB. [email protected] High level environmental screening study for offshore wind farm developments – marine habitats and species ii High level environmental screening study for offshore wind farm developments – marine habitats and species Title: High Level Environmental Screening Study for Offshore Wind Farm Developments – Marine Habitats and Species Project. Contract Report: W/35/00632/00/00. Client: Department of Trade and Industry (New & Renewable Energy Programme) Contract management: AEA Technology, Environment. Date of contract issue: 22/07/2002 Level of report issue: Final Confidentiality: Distribution at discretion of DTI before Consultation report published then no restriction. Distribution: Two copies and electronic file to DTI (Mr S. Payne, Offshore Renewables Planning). One copy to MBA library. Prepared by: Dr. K. Hiscock, Dr. H. Tyler-Walters & Hugh Jones Authorization: Project Director: Dr. Keith Hiscock Date: Signature: MBA Director: Prof. S. Hawkins Date: Signature: This report can be referred to as follows: Hiscock, K., Tyler-Walters, H. -
Preliminary Mass-Balance Food Web Model of the Eastern Chukchi Sea
NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-262 Preliminary Mass-balance Food Web Model of the Eastern Chukchi Sea by G. A. Whitehouse U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Alaska Fisheries Science Center December 2013 NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS The National Marine Fisheries Service's Alaska Fisheries Science Center uses the NOAA Technical Memorandum series to issue informal scientific and technical publications when complete formal review and editorial processing are not appropriate or feasible. Documents within this series reflect sound professional work and may be referenced in the formal scientific and technical literature. The NMFS-AFSC Technical Memorandum series of the Alaska Fisheries Science Center continues the NMFS-F/NWC series established in 1970 by the Northwest Fisheries Center. The NMFS-NWFSC series is currently used by the Northwest Fisheries Science Center. This document should be cited as follows: Whitehouse, G. A. 2013. A preliminary mass-balance food web model of the eastern Chukchi Sea. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-AFSC-262, 162 p. Reference in this document to trade names does not imply endorsement by the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-262 Preliminary Mass-balance Food Web Model of the Eastern Chukchi Sea by G. A. Whitehouse1,2 1Alaska Fisheries Science Center 7600 Sand Point Way N.E. Seattle WA 98115 2Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean University of Washington Box 354925 Seattle WA 98195 www.afsc.noaa.gov U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Penny. S. Pritzker, Secretary National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Kathryn D. -
Brittle-Star Mass Occurrence on a Late Cretaceous Methane Seep from South Dakota, USA Received: 16 May 2018 Ben Thuy1, Neil H
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Brittle-star mass occurrence on a Late Cretaceous methane seep from South Dakota, USA Received: 16 May 2018 Ben Thuy1, Neil H. Landman2, Neal L. Larson3 & Lea D. Numberger-Thuy1 Accepted: 29 May 2018 Articulated brittle stars are rare fossils because the skeleton rapidly disintegrates after death and only Published: xx xx xxxx fossilises intact under special conditions. Here, we describe an extraordinary mass occurrence of the ophiacanthid ophiuroid Brezinacantha tolis gen. et sp. nov., preserved as articulated skeletons from an upper Campanian (Late Cretaceous) methane seep of South Dakota. It is uniquely the frst fossil case of a seep-associated ophiuroid. The articulated skeletons overlie centimeter-thick accumulations of dissociated skeletal parts, suggesting lifetime densities of approximately 1000 individuals per m2, persisting at that particular location for several generations. The ophiuroid skeletons on top of the occurrence were preserved intact most probably because of increased methane seepage, killing the individuals and inducing rapid cementation, rather than due to storm-induced burial or slumping. The mass occurrence described herein is an unambiguous case of an autochthonous, dense ophiuroid community that persisted at a particular spot for some time. Thus, it represents a true fossil equivalent of a recent ophiuroid dense bed, unlike other cases that were used in the past to substantiate the claim of a mid-Mesozoic predation-induced decline of ophiuroid dense beds. Brittle stars, or ophiuroids, are among the most abundant and widespread components of the marine benthos, occurring at all depths and latitudes of the world oceans1. Most of the time, however, ophiuroids tend to live a cryptic life hidden under rocks, inside sponges, epizoic on corals or buried in the mud (e.g.2) to such a point that their real abundance is rarely appreciated at frst sight. -
A New Bathyal Ophiacanthid Brittle Star (Ophiuroidea: Ophiacanthidae) with Caribbean Affinities from the Plio-Pleistocene of the Mediterranean
Zootaxa 4820 (1): 019–030 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2020 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4820.1.2 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:ED703EC8-3124-413F-8B17-3C1695B789C5 A new bathyal ophiacanthid brittle star (Ophiuroidea: Ophiacanthidae) with Caribbean affinities from the Plio-Pleistocene of the Mediterranean LEA D. NUMBERGER-THUY & BEN THUY* Natural History Museum Luxembourg, Department of Palaeontology, 25, rue Münster, 2160 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6097-995X *corresponding author: [email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8231-9565 Abstract Identifiable remains of large deep-sea invertebrates are exceedingly rare in the fossil record. Thus, every new discovery adds to a better understanding of ancient deep-sea environments based on direct fossil evidence. Here we describe a collection of dissociated skeletal parts of ophiuroids (brittle stars) from the latest Pliocene to earliest Pleistocene of Sicily, Italy, preserved as microfossils in sediments deposited at shallow bathyal depths. The material belongs to a previously unknown species of ophiacanthid brittle star, Ophiacantha oceani sp. nov. On the basis of morphological comparison of skeletal microstructures, in particular spine articulations and vertebral articular structures of the lateral arm plates, we conclude that the new species shares closest ties with Ophiacantha stellata, a recent species living in the present-day Caribbean at bathyal depths. Since colonization of the deep Mediterranean following the Messinian crisis at the end of the Miocene was only possibly via the Gibraltar Sill, the presence of tropical western Atlantic clades in the Plio-Pleistocene of the Mediterranean suggests a major deep-sea faunal turnover yet to be explored. -
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MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published September 17 Mar Ecol Prog Ser - I P P Accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls by the inf aunal brittle stars Amphiura filiformis and A. chiajei: effects of eutrophication and selective feeding Jonas S. Gunnarsson*,Mattias Sköld** Department of Marine Ecology. Göteborg University, Kristineberg Marine Research Station. 450 34 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden ABSTRACT: Polychlonnated biphenyl (PCB) accumulation by the 2 brittle stars Amphiura filiformis and A. chjajei was studied in a laboratory experiment and in the field. In the laboratory study. the fate of '4C-2,2',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl(TCB) was determined in benthic microcosn~s,with and without the addition of phytoplankton (Phaeodactylum tricornutum) Added phytoplankton was rapidly miner- alised and stimulated an increased dissolved organic carbon content in the water-column and bacterial production on the sediment surface. TCB uptake by the brittle stars was significantly higher in the microcosms enriched with phytoplankton. Differences in TCB concentrations were still significant after normalisation to lipid content, suggesting that selective feeding rather than equilibnum partitioning was the cause of the increased TCB burden. Treatment effects were more apparent in body (disk) tissue, than in the arm fraction of the bnttle stars, in agreement with the lipid content of the tissues. No difference in total organic carbon, total nitrogen or TCB concentrations of the sediment surface was detected. In the field, ophuroids and sediment cores were collected at a coastal urban estuary off the city of Göteborg, Sweden, and at an offshore station in the Kattegat Sea. Surn-PCBs of sediment and brittle stars were ca 3 times higher at the coastal station than at the offshore station. -
Phylogenomic Resolution of the Class Ophiuroidea Unlocks a Global Microfossil Record
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Current Biology 24, 1874–1879, August 18, 2014 ª2014 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2014.06.060 Report Phylogenomic Resolution of the Class Ophiuroidea Unlocks a Global Microfossil Record Timothy D. O’Hara,1,* Andrew F. Hugall,1 Ben Thuy,2 We used a phylogenomic approach to address these defi- and Adnan Moussalli1 ciencies, obtaining 52 de novo ophiuroid transcriptomes and 1Museum Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, VIC 3001, three from other echinoderm classes, in addition to three pub- Australia lically available transcriptomes and three genomes (see Table 2Section Pale´ ontologie, Muse´ e National d’Histoire Naturelle du S1 available online). Twenty-nine of the ophiuroid transcrip- Luxembourg, 24 Rue Mu¨ nster, 2160 Luxembourg tomes were obtained from deep-sea (>500 m) samples, to ensure adequate taxonomic representation across the class. We identified and aligned 425 orthologous genes that could Summary be annotated using available sea urchin, hemichordate, or actinopterygian genomes (Table S2). After trimming, we used Our understanding of the origin, evolution, and biogeog- 102,143 amino acid positions to reconstruct a phylogeny of raphy of seafloor fauna is limited because we have insuf- the Echinodermata, with a focus on the ophiuroids (Figure 1). ficient spatial and temporal data to resolve underlying The resulting sequence matrix is 85% complete (Figure S1) processes [1]. The abundance and wide distribution of mod- and is the largest genetic data set ever assembled to analyze ern and disarticulated fossil Ophiuroidea [2], including brittle phylogenetic relationships within echinoderms. -
Key to the Common Shallow-Water Brittle Stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228496999 Key to the common shallow-water brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea Article · January 2007 CITATIONS READS 10 702 1 author: Christopher Pomory University of West Florida 34 PUBLICATIONS 303 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE All content following this page was uploaded by Christopher Pomory on 21 May 2014. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in blue are added to the original document and are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. 1 Key to the common shallow-water brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea CHRISTOPHER M. POMORY 2007 Department of Biology, University of West Florida, 11000 University Parkway, Pensacola, FL 32514, USA. [email protected] ABSTRACT A key is given for 85 species of ophiuroids from the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea covering a depth range from the intertidal down to 30 m. Figures highlighting important anatomical features associated with couplets in the key are provided. 2 INTRODUCTION The Caribbean region is one of the major coral reef zoogeographic provinces and a region of intensive human use of marine resources for tourism and fisheries (Aide and Grau, 2004). With the world-wide decline of coral reefs, and deterioration of shallow-water marine habitats in general, ecological and biodiversity studies have become more important than ever before (Bellwood et al., 2004). Ecological and biodiversity studies require identification of collected specimens, often by biologists not specializing in taxonomy, and therefore identification guides easily accessible to a diversity of biologists are necessary. -
Bioluminescence in the Ophiuroid Amphiura Filiformis (O.F. Müller
Echinoderm Research 2001, Féral & David (eds.) ©2003 Swets <S Zeitlinger, Lisse, ISBN 90 5809 528 2 Bioluminescence in the ophiuroidAmphiura filiformis (O.F. Müller, 1776) is not temperature dependant 3 7 2 4 4 O. Bruggeman, S. Dupont, J. Mallefet Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale & Centre de Recherche sur la Biodiversité, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium R. Bannister & M.C, Thorndyke Bourne Laboratory, Royal Halloway College, University o f London, UK ABSTRACT: Influence of temperature on the bioluminescence of the ophiuroidAmphiura filiformis was experimentally tested. Amputated arms from individuals acclimated at 6° or 14°C were incubated at five dif ferent temperatures ranging from 6° to 14°C for 2 hours before KC1 stimulation. Light response comparisons do not reveal any difference neither for the two temperatures of acclimation nor for the five temperatures of incubation. Therefore, the temperature does not affect the studied parameters of the light emission. KEYWORDS: Amphiura filiformis, ophiuroid, bio luminescence, temperature. 1 INTRODUCTION natural environment of this species, the aim of this work was to characterize the short-term (few hours) Amphiura filiformis (O.F. Müller, 1776) is a brittle star and long-term (a month) effect of temperature on the with a total diameter of 15 cm. It lives in the mud of bio luminescence A.of filiformis. North European coasts and in the Mediterranean Sea. It constitutes an important fish food resources since it has been estimated that it provides up to 301 metric 2 MATERIAL AND METHODS tons of biomass per year (Nilsson & Sköld 1996). The species is also bioluminescent and arms emit blueSpecimens o fAmphiura filiformis were collected in the light when individuals are mechanically stimulatedGullmar Fjord (Fiskebackskill, Sweden) by Petersen (Emson & Herring 1985; Mallefet pers. -
Two New Brittle Star Species of the Genus Ophiothrix
Caribbean Journal of Science, Vol. 41, No. 3, 583-599, 2005 Copyright 2005 College of Arts and Sciences University of Puerto Rico, Mayagu¨ez Two New Brittle Star Species of the Genus Ophiothrix (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiotrichidae) from Coral Reefs in the Southern Caribbean Sea, with Notes on Their Biology GORDON HENDLER Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90007, U.S.A. [email protected] ABSTRACT.—Two new species, Ophiothrix stri and Ophiothrix cimar, inhabit shallow reef-platforms and slopes in the Southern Caribbean, and occur together at localities in Costa Rica and Panama, nearly to Colombia. What appears to be an undescribed species resembling O. cimar has been reported from eastern Venezuela. In recent years, reefs where the species were previously observed have deteriorated because of environmental degradation. As a consequence, populations of the new species may have been reduced or eradicated. The new species have previously been mistaken for O. angulata, O. brachyactis, and O. lineata. Ophiothrix lineata, O. stri, and O. cimar have in common a suite of morphological features pointing to their systematic affinity, and a similar pigmentation pattern consisting of a thin, dark, medial arm stripe flanked by two pale stripes. Ophiothrix lineata is similar to Indo-Pacific members of the subgenus Placophiothrix and closely resembles Ophiothrix stri. The latter is extremely similar to O. synoecina, from Colombia, and both can live in association with the rock-boring echinoid Echinometra lucunter. Although O. synoecina is a protandric hermaphrodite that reportedly broods its young externally, the new species are gonochoric and do not brood. -
The Position of the Ophiuroidea Within the Phylum Echinodermata
University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2005 The Position of the Ophiuroidea within the Phylum Echinodermata Mary C. Harmon University of South Florida Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the American Studies Commons Scholar Commons Citation Harmon, Mary C., "The Position of the Ophiuroidea within the Phylum Echinodermata" (2005). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/2916 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Position of the Ophiuroidea within the Phylum Echinodermata by Mary C. Harmon A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Department of Biology College of Arts and Sciences University of South Florida Major Professor: Brian T. Livingston, Ph.D. James R. Garey, Ph.D. Jessica L. Moore, Ph.D. Date of Approval: November 18, 2005 Keywords: molecular phylogeny, evolution, echinoderm classes, ribosomal DNA, ophiuroid © Copyright 2005, Mary C. Harmon Dedication For my parents, who have instilled in me the desire to succeed, and given me the tools necessary to do so. For Holly and my friends and family. Thank you for believing in me and for providing enjoyable breaks from my scholarly chores when I needed them. And when I didn’t. For Ailey Marie. 26 December 1998 - 07 October 2005. She taught me many important things…none of which were related to echinoderms. -
The Echinoderm Fauna of Turkey with New Records from the Levantine Coast of Turkey
Proc. of middle East & North Africa Conf. For Future of Animal Wealth THE ECHINODERM FAUNA OF TURKEY WITH NEW RECORDS FROM THE LEVANTINE COAST OF TURKEY Elif Özgür1, Bayram Öztürk2 and F. Saadet Karakulak2 1Faculty of Fisheries, Akdeniz University, TR-07058 Antalya, Turkey 2İstanbul University, Faculty of Fisheries, Ordu Cad.No.200, 34470 Laleli- Istanbul, Turkey Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The echinoderm fauna of Turkey consists of 80 species (two Crinoidea, 22 Asteroidea, 18 Ophiuroidea, 20 Echinoidea and 18 Holothuroidea). In this study, seven echinoderm species are reported for the first time from the Levantine coast of Turkey. These are, five ophiroid species; Amphipholis squamata, Amphiura chiajei, Amphiura filiformis, Ophiopsila aranea, and Ophiothrix quinquemaculata and two echinoid species; Echinocyamus pusillus and Stylocidaris affinis. Turkey is surrounded by four seas with different hydrographical characteristics and Turkish Straits System (Çanakkale Strait, Marmara Sea and İstanbul Strait) serve both as a biological corridor and barrier between the Aegean and Black Seas. The number of echinoderm species in the coasts of Turkey also varies due to the different biotic environments of these seas. There are 14 echinoderm species reported from the Black Sea, 19 species from the İstanbul Strait, 51 from the Marmara Sea, 71 from the Aegean Sea and 42 from the Levantine coasts of Turkey. Among these species, Asterias rubens, Ophiactis savignyi, Diadema setosum, and Synaptula reciprocans are alien species for the Turkish coasts. Key words: Echinodermata, new records, Levantine Sea, Turkey. Cairo International Covention Center , Egypt , 16 - 18 – October , (2008), pp. 571 - 581 Elif Özgür et al.