Bolivia Endemic Macaws & More!
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
BOLIVIA ENDEMIC MACAWS & MORE! PART I: EASTERN LOWLANDS, BENI GRASSLANDS & INTER-ANDEAN VALLEYS SEPTEMBER 3-18, 2021 PART II: FOOTHILLS, CLOUD FORESTS & THE ALTIPLANO SEPTEMBER 16-27, 2021 ©2020 Red-fronted Macaw © Paul Jones A well-kept birding secret, Bolivia is known for its spectacular array of Andean habitats, from towering snow-capped mountains and volcanoes to the immense panoramic altiplano, and colorful markets and villages. It is one of the least visited Andean countries and a place where birders and naturalists alike have a unique opportunity to explore and share the countries mega avifauna and possibly even make new discoveries. This land-locked nation, half of which is occupied by the Andes and its associated altiplano plains, puna, rich yungas cloud forest and high elevation lakes, boasts nearly 1,450 species of birds! Enhancing the joys of birding here, an exciting new field guide is available: Birds of Bolivia—filled with terrific illustrations and excellent maps all in a convenient and portable format. The addition of this easy-to-use resource allows for quick sorting of the tremendous diversity of birds we will observe and enjoy in this friendly country, and makes birding here even more of a pleasure. Bolivia, Page 2 Much of Bolivia’s mega-diversity is derived from a remarkable array of habitats found within the Andes. Among them are cactus- clad deserts, Yungas cloud forests, puna grasslands, Polylepis forests above “normal” tree line, and high elevation alkaline lakes as well as the famous Lake Titicaca. However, many other exciting avian-rich habitats also exist outside the Andes, including vast Pantanal wetlands in the east of the country to Chaco woodland in the far south. Although Bolivia harbors 21 species of birds that are strictly endemic to the country, at least 100 hundred other species are near endemics, occurring primarily in Bolivia but ranging barely beyond its geo-political boundary (where they are rare and difficult to find). Long regarded as a bastion of backwardness and frequent changes of governments, Bolivia has made great strides in the past two decades. Roads have been improved enormously, accommodations are surprisingly good— excellent in some areas—and the country has The Yungas Cloud Forest © Andrew Whittaker made significant progress socially and economically. Despite changes, however, traditions flourish and may be seen almost everywhere, as evidenced by colorful and often strictly traditional clothes and dress, colorful and diverse markets, and pastoral landscapes. With such a small population of around only 11 million means that there remains an abundance of good untouched habitat, often easily accessible by road, and a park system that struggles, despite shortages, to establish and protect large tracts of undisturbed land both in the Andes and in the rich lowlands. Birders and naturalists have little trouble gaining access to fine birdy habitat at almost any elevation and this remains one of Bolivia’s special appeals! Bolivia can offer travelers a fine palette of wildlife ranging from huge rheas, spectacular Macaws and toucans, and shimmery flamingos on altiplano lakes, to shy antpittas, dazzling hummingbirds and colorful cotingas and mountain tanagers in the cloud forests, to abundant waterfowl. Because our carefully planned two-part trip focuses primarily on covering all major habitats, we will have time for searching for many of the endemic and near-endemic species as well as simply enjoying the exceptional habitats and the diversity of birdlife that the country offers. Bolivia, Page 3 Part I: Eastern Lowlands, Beni Grasslands & Inter-Andean Valleys: This action-packed two-week trip offers visitors an opportunity to see an incredible number of Bolivian birds in wide-open landscapes of Chaco woodlands, dry scrub, semi-desert valleys, Yungas cloud forest, grasslands, gallery forests, palm-islands, vast marshes, and riverine floodplain forests all with an unusually diverse array of birds. We have planned to not just see but be able to enjoy two of the rarest macaws still in the “wilds” of South America, both are endemics and endangered: the Blue-throated and the stunning and most beautiful of them all, the Red-fronted macaws. Among the trip’s many highlights, we will overnight at a nice and new conservation lodge situated at a breeding and roosting area of the endemic Red-fronted Macaw, only found in arid valleys on the eastern slope of the Andes. We also plan to visit the main breeding stronghold of Blue-throated Macaw and the bird rich Bolivian Pantanal wetlands. We should expect to rack up to what was recorded on our 2018 trip, 458 species! Part II: Foothills, Cloud Forest & the Altiplano: This slightly shorter trip focuses on Bolivia’s Andean mountain habitats. Beginning in the city of Cochabamba, this tour encompasses high Polylepis woodland, a wide array of lush Yungas cloud forest habitats, sweeping panoramas of altiplano grassland, brackish lakes and two days along the shores of Lake Titicaca amid high altitude puna habitats. Our well-planned route allows visitors to slowly acclimate, over a period of a week, to the high elevations that we enter at the end of the trip. In our past tours, participants have not experienced any difficulty with the high elevations around La Paz. Snow-capped Andean Peaks near Lake Titicaca © Andrew Whittaker Because most of the habitats of Bolivia are relatively open, and birds easy to see, we certainly expect to encounter a very high number of species. Our last two trips (2016 & 2018) recorded a record of over 450 species on Part I, and almost 350 on Part II, with 12 mammals. Bolivia, Page 4 PART I: EASTERN LOWLANDS, BENI GRASSLANDS & INTER-ANDEAN VALLEYS September 3-4, Days 1-2: Arrival in Santa Cruz, Bolivia with afternoon birding the botanical gardens. Most flights from the United States will depart on Day 1 (September 3), arriving Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia (Viru Viru International Airport; airport code VVI) on the morning of Day 2. After clearing customs and immigration, you will be met by our ground operator and transferred to the group hotel where a room will be reserved in your name. There may be an opportunity for some light birding at or near the airport before continuing on to the hotel. Upon arrival, we’ll have an early lunch (or late breakfast) and a short rest before venturing out in the mid-afternoon for birding in the famous Botanical Garden of Santa Cruz de la Sierra. A half century ago Santa Cruz was a sleepy village with sandy streets, few conveniences, and an uncertain future. Today it is a modern, bustling city and an economic hub for all of eastern Bolivia. Mining, lumber, agriculture, and gas and oil all feed its booming economy, but there are plenty of areas nearby with good habitat for birds and wildlife. Among these is the botanical garden, where amid the park’s woodland habitats, we’ll receive a nice introduction to the local avifauna. A sampling of species we could see includes Limpkin, Bare-faced Ibis, Speckled Chachalaca, Wattled Jacana, Gray-cowled Wood-Rail, Ferruginous Pygmy-owl, Southern Lapwing, Picazuro Pigeon, Purplish Jay, Blue-crowned Trogon, Dusky-headed Parakeet, Turquoise-fronted and Scaly-headed arrot, Yellow-chevroned Parakeet, Guira cuckoo, Campo Flicker, Yellow-tufted Woodpecker, Rufous Hornero, Yellow- throated Spinetail, Pearly-vented Tody- Tyrant, Chalk-browed Mockingbird, Masked Gnatcatcher, Tropical Parula, Hooded, Guira and Sayaca tanagers, Ringed Teal © Andrew Whittaker Grayish Saltator, and lovely Red-crested Finch. Sometimes a roosting spectacle of hundreds of ibis and even snail Kites can be enjoyed. We also have a good chance for Brown-throated Three-toed Sloth as well the endemic White-eared Titi Monkey. NIGHTS: Day 1: In transit Day 2: Hotel Cortez, Santa Cruz September 5, Day 3: Morning departure to the Kaa-Iya National Park of Gran Chaco and rich wetlands on our way to Camiri. After an early breakfast and check-out, we will begin our drive south into the extensive dry low brushlands of Bolivia, known as the Chaco. The word “chaco” has a Quechua origin and means “place for hunting,” referring to the habits and customs of the native cultures of pre-Columbian times who used the clearings in the forest to hunt. This region spreads also into Argentina and Paraguay, and has served as a place of confrontation, a conflict known as “The Chaco War” (1932-1935), where Paraguay and Bolivia fought to control potential oil field territories which later were found to be nonexistent. The main habitats here are thorny woodland, shrubs, cacti, and savannas, which in Bolivia are very well preserved compared to neighboring countries. Bolivia, Page 5 In taller woodlands of the Guanaco National Park we will search for the spectacular Yellow-collared Macaw, Cream- backed or rare Black-bodied woodpecker, White-barred Piculet (odd looking and most probably a distinct species), Chaco Puffbird, Glittering-bellied Emereld, localized Bolivian Slaty-Antshrike, Stripe-backed Antbird, lovely Black-bellied Antwren, Black-banded Woodcreeper and recently described Straneck’s Tyrannulet. Amazingly there is even an isolated form or separate species of Guancao here (Chaco Guanacho) in the Chaco critically endangered with only around 200 individuals. We’ll also visit some brackish lakes and wetlands where we will find an abundance of water birdsincluding Puna Ibis, Ringed Teal, Rosy-billed Pochard, Fulvous and White-faced whistling-ducks, Masked Duck, Brazilian Teal, Roseate Spoonbill, and flocks of migrant shorebirds which should include Baird’s Sandpipers and flocks of cute spinning A striking Chaco Puffbird © Andrew Whittaker Wilson’s Phalarope. NIGHT: Hotel Las Tinajitas, Camiri September 6, Day 4: Birding the avian rich Gran Chaco from Boyuibe. Today we will be looking for the specialties of the Chaco.