Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment Report, DMCB Program (2017-2019)

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

(Amran, Dhamar, Shabwah and Al-Mahrah Governorates, Yemen)

By:

Disasters Management Department - Yemen Red Crescent Society (YRCS)

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

Acknowledgements

Yemen Red Crescent Society has been implementing Disaster Management Capacity Building (DMCB) Programme in collaboration with the International Federation of Red Cross Red Crescent Societies in Yemen. The purpose of the programme is to prepare YRCS for effective response to disasters and crisis.

To begin the preparedness, YRCS conducted a VCA in 16 communities, a total from Amran, Dhamar, Shabwa and Al- Mahara Governorates. There has been a greater involvement of YRCS volunteers, staff, local leader and authority to input to this assessment. We would like to acknowledge their time, ideas and engagement.

Additionally, we would like to thank the IFRC DM team in Yemen and MENA Office for financial and technical support from the start to finish of this project.

Finally, we would also like to recognize the YRCS DM team, Majed Esmail Alsabri in particular, who translated Arabic data to English, compiled, analysed and interpreted to bring to this version of this VCA Report.

Thank you!

Yemen Red Crescent Society (YRCS)

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

Contents Acknowledgements ...... 2 1. Overview and Findings of Vulnerability Capacity Assessment (VCA) ...... 14 1.1. Background Information ...... 14 1.2. An overview of project ...... 14 1.3. Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) ...... 15 1.3.1. VCA Objectives ...... 15 1.3.2. Methodology for VCA ...... 16 1.3.3. Assessment Tools ...... 16 2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 17 2.1. SHABWAH GOVERNORATE ...... 17 2.2. AMRAN GOVERNORATE ...... 17 2.3. Al-MAHRAH GOVERNORATE ...... 17 2.4. Dhamar Governorate ...... 18 3. ATAQ DISTRICT ...... 19 3.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA ...... 19 3.2. EDUCATION LEVEL ...... 19 3.3. HEALTH ...... 19 3.4. FOOD SECURITY ...... 20 3.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR OF AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES ...... 20 3.6. INCOME SOURCE ...... 20 3.7. COMMUNITY ROLES ...... 21 3.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY ...... 21 3.9. COPING STRATEGIES ...... 21 3.10. WASH ...... 21 3.11. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY ...... 22 3.12. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPIN ...... 22 3.12.1. HAZARDS ...... 22 3.12.2. CAPACITY ...... 23 3.13. EARLY WARNING ...... 23 3.14. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS ...... 23

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

3.15. SOCIAL MAPS...... 24 4. BAYHAN DISTRICT ...... 26 4.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA ...... 26 4.2. EDUCATION LEVEL ...... 26 4.3. HEALTH ...... 26 4.4. FOOD SECURITY ...... 27 4.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR ...... 27 4.6. INCOME SOURCES ...... 27 4.7. COMMUNITY ROLES ...... 28 4.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY ...... 28 4.9. COPING STRATEGIES ...... 28 4.10. WASH ...... 29 4.11. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY ...... 29 4.12. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING ...... 30 4.12.1. HAZARDS ...... 30 4.12.2. CAPACITY ...... 30 4.13. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS ...... 30 4.14. EARLY WARNING ...... 30 4.15. SOCIAL MAPS...... 31 5. AS SAID DISTRICT ...... 32 5.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA ...... 32 5.2. EDUCATION LEVEL ...... 32 5.3. HEALTH ...... 32 5.4. FOOD SECURITY ...... 33 5.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR ...... 33 5.6. INCOME SOURCES ...... 33 5.7. COMMUNITY ROLES ...... 34 5.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY ...... 34 5.9. COPING STRATEGIES ...... 34 5.10. WASH ...... 34 5.11. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY ...... 35

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

5.12. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING ...... 35 5.12.1. HAZARDS ...... 35 5.12.2. CAPACITY ...... 36 5.13. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS ...... 36 5.14. EARLY WARNING ...... 36 5.15. SOCIAL MAPS...... 36 6. RUDUM DISTRICT ...... 39 6.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA ...... 39 6.2. EDUCATION LEVEL ...... 39 6.3. HEALTH ...... 39 6.4. FOOD SECURITY ...... 40 6.5. SOCIAL CALENDAR ...... 40 6.6. INCOME SOURCE ...... 41 6.7. COMMUNITY ROLES ...... 41 6.8. DESIRED TRAINING FOR COMMUNITY ...... 41 6.9. COPING STRATEGIES ...... 41 6.10. WASH ...... 42 6.11. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY ...... 42 6.12. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING ...... 43 6.12.1. HAZARDS ...... 43 6.12.2. CAPACITY ...... 43 6.13. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS ...... 43 6.14. SOCIAL MAPS...... 44 7. AL GHAYDAH DISTRICT ...... 46 7.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA ...... 46 7.2. LEVEL OF EDUCATION ...... 46 7.3. HEALTH ...... 46 7.4. FOOD SECURITY ...... 47 7.5. ROLES OF COMMUNITY ...... 47 7.6. THE DESIRES OF TRAINING FOR COMMUNITY ...... 47 7.7. WASH ...... 48

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

7.8. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY ...... 48 7.9. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING ...... 49 7.9.1. HAZARDS ...... 49 7.9.1.1. DUBUT & HARUT HAZARDS ...... 49 7.9.1.2. ALAIBRI HAZARDS ...... 49 7.9.1.3. MOHEVEF HAZARDS ...... 50 7.9.2. CAPACITY ...... 51 7.10. EARLY WARNING ...... 51 7.11. ORGANIZATIONS WORKED IN THE DISTRICT ...... 51 7.12. HEALTH CAMPAIGNS IMPLEMENTED IN THE DISTRICT ...... 51 7.13. SOCIAL MAPS...... 51 8. HUSWIN DISTRICT ...... 53 8.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA ...... 53 8.2. LEVEL OF EDUCATION ...... 53 8.3. HEALTH ...... 54 8.4. FOOD SECURITY ...... 54 8.5. ROLES OF COMMUNITY ...... 54 8.6. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY ...... 54 8.7. WASH ...... 55 8.8. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY MEMBERS ...... 55 8.9. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING ...... 56 8.9.1. HAZARDS ...... 56 8.9.1.1. HUSWIN CITY HAZARDS ...... 56 8.9.2. CAPACITY ...... 56 8.10. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS ...... 57 8.11. HEALTH CAMPAIGNS ...... 57 8.12. SOCIAL MAPS...... 57 9. SAYHUT DISTRICT ...... 58 9.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA ...... 58 9.2. LEVEL OF EDUCATION ...... 58 9.3. HEALTH ...... 58

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

9.4. FOOD SECURITY ...... 59 9.5. ROLES OF COMMUNITY ...... 59 9.6. THE DESIRES OF TRAINING FOR COMMUNITY ...... 59 9.7. WASH ...... 60 9.8. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING ...... 60 9.8.1. HAZARDS ...... 60 9.8.1.1. ATAB VALLEY HAZARDS ...... 61 9.8.1.2. DRFATS & SMALL GHYDA HAZARDS ...... 62 9.8.1.3. SYHUT CITY HAZARDS ...... 62 9.8.1.4. ROACH & SHAKE HAZARDS ...... 63 9.8.2. CAPACITY ...... 63 9.9. EARLY WARNING ...... 63 9.10. ORGANIZATIONS WORKED IN THE COMMINITY ...... 63 9.11. HEALTH CAMPAIGNS IMPLEMENTED IN THE COMMUNITY ...... 63 9.12. SOCIAL MAPS...... 64 10. QISHN DISTRICT ...... 65 10.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA ...... 65 10.2. LEVEL OF EDUCATION ...... 66 10.3. HEALTH ...... 66 10.4. FOOD SECURITY ...... 66 10.5. ROLES OF COMMUNITY ...... 66 10.6. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY ...... 67 10.7. WASH ...... 67 10.8. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY MEMBERS ...... 67 10.9. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING ...... 68 10.9.1. HAZARDS ...... 68 10.9.1.1. SALOUL HAZARDS ...... 68 10.9.1.2. AL-SHA'AB SQUARE HAZARDS ...... 69 10.9.1.3. SALALAH HAZARDS ...... 69 10.9.2. CAPACITY ...... 70 10.10. EARLY WARNING ...... 70

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

10.11. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS ...... 70 10.12. HEALTH CAMPAIGNS ...... 70 10.13. SOCIAL MAPS...... 71 11. AMRAN DISTRICT ...... 72 11.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA ...... 72 11.2. EDUCATION LEVEL ...... 72 11.3. HEALTH ...... 73 11.4. FOOD SECURITY ...... 73 11.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR ...... 73 11.6. INCOME SOURCES ...... 74 11.7. COPING STRATEGIES ...... 74 11.8. COMMUNITY ROLES ...... 75 11.9. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY ...... 75 11.10. WASH ...... 75 11.11. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY ...... 76 11.12. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING ...... 76 11.12.1. HAZARDS ...... 76 11.12.2. CAPACITY ...... 77 11.13. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS ...... 77 11.14. HEALTH CAMPAIGNS ...... 77 11.15. EARLY WARNING ...... 77 11.16. SOCIAL MAPS...... 78 12. RAYDAH DISTRICT ...... 79 12.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA ...... 79 12.2. EDUCATION ...... 79 12.3. HEALTH CAPACITY ...... 79 12.4. FOOD SECURITY ...... 80 12.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR ...... 80 12.6. INCOME SOURCES ...... 80 12.7. COMMUNITY ROLES ...... 81 12.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY ...... 81

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

12.9. COPING STRATEGIES ...... 81 12.10. WASH ...... 82 12.11. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY ...... 82 12.12. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING ...... 83 12.12.1. HAZARDS ...... 83 12.12.2. CAPACITY ...... 83 12.13. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS ...... 83 12.14. HEALTH CAMPAIGNS ...... 83 12.15. EARLY WARNING SYSTEM ...... 83 12.16. SOCIAL MAPS...... 84 13. DHI BIN DISTRICT...... 86 13.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA ...... 86 13.2. EDECATION LEVEL ...... 86 13.3. HEALTH ...... 86 13.4. FOOD SECURITY ...... 87 13.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR ...... 87 13.6. INCOME SOURCE ...... 88 13.7. COMMUNITY ROLES ...... 88 13.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY ...... 88 13.9. COPING STRATEGIES ...... 88 13.10. WASH ...... 89 13.11. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY ...... 90 13.12. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING ...... 90 13.12.1. HAZARDS ...... 90 13.12.2. CAPACITY ...... 90 13.13. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS ...... 90 13.14. HEALTH CAMPAIGNS ...... 90 13.15. EARLY WARNING ...... 91 13.16. SOCIAL MAPS...... 91 14. THULA DISTRICT ...... 93 14.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA ...... 93

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

14.2. EDUCATION LEVEL ...... 93 14.3. HEALTH CAPACITY ...... 94 14.4. FOOD SECURITY ...... 94 14.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR ...... 94 14.6. INCOME SOURCE ...... 95 14.7. COMMUNITY ROLES ...... 95 14.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY ...... 95 14.9. COPING STRATEGIES ...... 96 14.10. WASH ...... 96 14.11. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY ...... 97 14.12. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING ...... 97 14.12.1. HAZARDS ...... 97 14.12.2. CAPACITY ...... 98 14.13. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS ...... 98 14.14. HEALTH CAMPAIGNS ...... 98 14.15. EARLY WARNING ...... 98 14.16. SOCIAL MAPS...... 98 15. UTMAH DISTRICT ...... 99 15.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA ...... 99 15.2. EDUCATION LEVEL ...... 99 15.3. HEALTH ...... 99 15.4. FOOD SECURITY ...... 100 15.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR ...... 100 15.6. INCOME SOURCES ...... 101 15.7. COMMUNITY ROLES ...... 101 15.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY ...... 101 15.9. COPING STRATEGIES ...... 101 15.10. WASH ...... 102 15.11. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING ...... 103 15.11.1. HAZARDS ...... 103 15.11.2. CAPACITY ...... 104

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

15.12. ORGANIZATIONS WORKED IN THE DISTRICT ...... 104 15.13. SOCIAL MAPS...... 104 16. DHAWRAN DISTRICT ...... 106 16.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA ...... 106 16.2. EDUCATION LEVEL ...... 106 16.3. HEALTH ...... 106 16.4. FOOD SECURITY ...... 107 16.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR ...... 107 16.6. SOURCES OF INCOME ...... 108 16.7. COMMUNITY ROLES ...... 108 16.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY ...... 108 16.9. COPING STRATEGIES ...... 108 16.10. WASH ...... 109 16.11. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING ...... 110 16.11.1. HAZARDS ...... 110 16.11.2. CAPACITY ...... 110 16.12. ORGANIZATIONS WORKED IN THE DISTRICT ...... 110 16.13. SOCIAL MAPS...... 111 17. MAGHREB-ANS DISTRICT ...... 113 17.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA ...... 113 17.2. EDUCATION LEVEL ...... 113 17.3. HEALTH CAPACITY ...... 114 17.4. FOOD SECURITY ...... 114 17.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR ...... 114 17.6. SOURCES OF INCOME ...... 115 17.7. COMMUNITY ROLES ...... 115 17.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY ...... 115 17.9. COPING STRATEGIES ...... 115 17.10. WASH ...... 116 17.11. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING ...... 117 17.11.1. HAZARDS ...... 117

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

17.11.2. CAPACITY ...... 117 17.12. ORGANIZATIONS WORKED IN THE DISTRICT ...... 118 17.13. SOCIAL MAPS...... 118 18. JAHRAN DISTRICT ...... 119 18.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA ...... 119 18.2. EDUCATION LEVEL ...... 119 18.3. HEALTH ...... 119 18.4. FOOD SECURITY ...... 120 18.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR ...... 120 18.6. SOURCES OF INCOME ...... 121 18.7. COMMUNITY ROLES ...... 121 18.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY ...... 121 18.9. COPING STRATEGIES ...... 121 18.10. WASH ...... 122 18.11. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING ...... 123 18.11.1. HAZARDS ...... 123 18.11.2. CAPACITY ...... 123 18.12. ORGANIZATIONS WORKED IN THE DISTRICT ...... 124 18.13. SOCIAL MAPS...... 124 19. VCA Implementation Plan ...... 126

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

ABBREVIATIONS

BRC British Red Cross

DEC Disaster Emergency Committee

DM Disaster Management

DMCB Disaster Management Capacity Building

DP Disaster Preparedness

DR Disaster Response

DRR Disaster Risk Reduction

IFRC International Federation of Red Cross Red Crescent Societies

PNS Partner National Societies

RCRC Red Cross Red Crescent

SRC Swiss Red Cross

VCA Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment

WASH Water and Sanitation Hygiene

YRCS Yemen Red Crescent society

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

1. Overview and Findings of Vulnerability Capacity Assessment (VCA) 1.1. Background Information Yemen Red Crescent Society (YRCS) was established by a republican decree in Yemen, which provides YRCS humanitarian mandates. As the state mechanism for emergency response failed, YRCS is only the organization having nationwide network, access, and importantly having trained volunteers. Yemen Red Crescent Society (YRCS) was founded by the presidential decree in Yemen to provide humanitarian services based on the fundamental principles of the Red Cross Red Crescent (RCRC) Movement. As an active member of the Movement since October 1982, YRCS has been providing humanitarian services in Yemen. Over the years, YRCS has been working in the sector of disaster response, health services, including first aid, water, and sanitation, among others. Efforts of YRCS are focused on building National Society capacity on organization and management as well as community resilience to reduce risks and the impacts of disasters and crisis. The aim is to enable communities to prepare better for, respond to and recover from the unexpected events. The International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) has been supporting YRCS to achieve its organizational goals regarding disaster and health. Partner National Societies (PNSs) such as British and Swedish Red Cross, among others, have been supporting YRCS in those sectors to strengthen DM capacities through the IFRC. The YRCS DM Capacity Strengthening Project is designed for 2018 and 2019 targeting the most vulnerable people in Amran, Dhamar, Shabwa and Al Mahara governorates with the support of the IFRC in cooperation with BRC and SRC. Capacity building activities are expected to strengthen disaster preparedness to response and recovery at the YRCS headquarter the project branches and target communities in those branches. 1.2. An overview of project Disaster Management Capacity Building (DMCB) is implemented in YRCS HQ and four branches namely Amran, Dhamar, Shabwa and Al Mahra; these branches are selected based on the vulnerability and type of hazard/disaster such as cyclone, flood, earthquake and forced displacement by conflict, Area more prone to disasters and there is no organization working in capacity building The assessment of the targeted communities is conducted using Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA). Communities in armed zones, violence or complex structures have not been selected for lack of safe access. The assessment result support in identifying the type of risks and hazards and their effect on the communities. Based on the assessment results and with involvement of the communities, disaster response plans for the communities will be developed and disseminated to them.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

The targeted communities within the disaster management capacity-building (DMCB) Program 2018-2019 are sixteen communities as follows: SN Governorate Community Community Details 1 Shabwh Ataq Old city of Ataq, Almothnab,Kahmr, Aljabiah, Quban, Hal Soliman village, Ba Kabirah 2 Shabwh Alsaid Alsaid city,Yashbm,Rafd, Siabt Hl Atiq, Almsinah 3 Shabwh Rudum Rowdom city, Jalah, Alhamiah, Alhbilah,Howrah, Alsahil Arfh 4 Shabwh Byhan Bihhan Alalia, Ridan , Alwsta, Mowgs,Alharjah 5 Ammran Thoula Thoula city, Koshr, Bait Hibah, Algoulah,Bani Alsalfi,Alqimah.Wihdan,Almassana,Bait Alrabouai, and Bani Aqif 6 Ammran Ammran Alashmor, Halmlam, Almasnah, Alasm, Alafqar, Aldroub, Dilaa Alashmor,Bani Alshrai and bait Alnaqib 7 Ammran Ryddah Diffan, Sumain, Bit Alhammoudi,Bait Almantsar, Ship Diffan, Aqbat, Wialah and Bait Alnajar 8 Ammran Di Bain Aial Qasiem, Alshoutbh, Alhiat, Bait Diggar and Bait Souliman 9 Al Mahra Al Qiddh Katha ,Tihammah, Dabwat, Nashtwn, and Yaroub 10 Al Mahra Qishan 2 March zone,9 June zone, Minsaf, Saloul, Slalah and Makib 11 Al Mahra Sihout Alqidda Alsaqirah,16 November zone ,Bait Mismar zone, Alshohada zone , Alsaiadden, 14 October zone, Alwihddah zone ,Althourah zone,Rakut, Rakut valley , Habiqit ,Alhwmah and Mougith 12 Al Mahra Huswin Tahlil, jarboub, Majlowd, haffat Shiqag, Qidfout, Saqr ,Hardnout ,Alshra and Jahi 13 Dhammar Utmah Yaffah,Alhawadith, Rimaa valley and Almtbaih 14 Dhammar Dhwran Bani Hakim, Bit Alfaqih,Koums Alhaql,Lakamat Alsisai,Afar,Bait Alqari,Arjaz, Almarwn and Bit Alnahmi 15 Dhammar Maqrib Ans Bani Jabr, Alhaqb,Alhajm,Bit Alshar and Aljab 16 Dhammar Jahran Maber, and Rosabh

1.3. Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) VCA is used in determining risks and planning actions in order to prevent dangers resulting from the risks. Members of the community lead the planning process. The community is consulted to identify hazards, risks and resources, and their awareness and plan about preparedness to disasters through in-depth interview, and focal group discussions. Feedback is considered to design training contents, education materials and response kits to support for emergency preparedness. Local authorities, community leaders, headers of villages, imams of mosques and school administrators will be involved to select First Aid Volunteers and plan activities in their areas from November 2017 to February 2019. 1.3.1. VCA Objectives  Evaluating the risks threatening the community as well as the capabilities the community has for coping with the threats 15

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

 Bring all parties to the same table and thereby promote cooperation between inhabitants, authorities and other actors  Preparing an implementation plan to improve disaster preparedness  Specifying actions that reduce or, at best, even prevent damage caused by natural phenomena. 1.3.2. Methodology for VCA 1. Selection of the staff to be involved (4 Employee) 2. Train trainers to conduct VCA (TOT)(20 Volunteers) 3. Training a local team (surveyors data collector)(100 Volunteers) 4. Volunteers were distributed to teams depending on the method used in the data collection method. 5. Preparing of data collection Forms 6. Coordination with stakeholders and local authorities 7. Field Visits 1.3.3. Assessment Tools  Direct interviews  Historical profile: statistics and reports of local and international organizations (Secondary Sources)  Baseline Data: (baseline data) collected through communication and meeting with directors of all districts, directors of education and health offices and concerned authorities.  Direct observation: for assessment teams during the route and arrival of the target areas.  Focus group discussion: conducted by volunteers with community leaders and members of different groups.  Mapping: Define the target of the weaknesses and capacities of the importance of community maps and their participation in drawing them.  Transect Talk: conducted by the evaluation team in cooperation with some members of the target community to clarify the most important observations during the direct observations to ascertain them.  Seasonal Calendar: Through the identification of the most important activities practiced by the local community during the year where the calendar was done with the participation of the target community.  Historical Profile: Through meetings with social and elderly personalities in the target communities to identify the most important events in a particular period.  Matrilineal tool: used to identify the most important risks and priorities that society needs.  Table of sources of income: through the holding of individual and group meetings with different community groups to identify the most important professions they practice.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The report of the Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) will provide a unique opportunity for stakeholders to work in partnership on reducing people's vulnerability to disasters at targeted communities in four governorates: Amran, Dhamar, Shabwah and Al-Mahrah. Additionally, it will help to community and organizations to develop an integrated and participatory approach to disaster risk reductions including prevention, mitigation and preparedness for better response. Those measures will improve resilience including the living conditions of the most vulnerable people.

2.1. SHABWAH GOVERNORATE

HH Family Male Female Total % of DMCB targeted Population 3,970 3,804 18,491 16,959 35,720 24.97%

The key findings of VCA results showed that hazards in Shabwah governorate are floods, drift of agricultural land, and failure of Public sewage network, exposed water network project, Cespan trees, falling rocks, open wells, road accidents, and land mines. The recommended interventions according to VCA results in Shabwah governorate are Building barriers to prevent swept agricultural land, Building barriers to protect homes against floods flows, Construction of a public sewage network, Rehabilitation of water network, fragmentation of falling rocks and construction of barriers to protect houses, awareness on road safety , build barriers around wells to protect human and animals from falling into wells , conducting First Aid Training and improving health awareness and disaster management and rescue skills training and conducting mine awareness. 2.2. AMRAN GOVERNORATE

HH Family Male Female Total % of DMCB targeted Population 3,112 3,339 14,318 14,043 28,361 19.82%

The key findings of VCA results showed that hazards in Amran governorate are floods, public sewage network, falling rocks, water scarcity, and open wells, damaged water network, building in the flood course, water scarcity, water contamination, and road accidents. The recommended interventions according to VCA results in Amran governorate are: building barriers to prevent swept agricultural land, building barriers to protect homes against floods flows, rehabilitation of a public sewage network, building water tanks in community, rehabilitation of water network, filtering drinking water, fragmentation of falling rocks and construction of barriers to protect homes, awareness on road safety, build barriers around wells to protect human and animals from falling into wells , conducting First Aid Training and improving health awareness and disaster management and rescue skills training and conducting awareness among community for risks of building in the course of flood Al-Mahrah governorate HH Family Male Female Total % of DMCB targeted Population 6,139 7,069 24,366 21,233 45,599 31.87%

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

The key findings of VCA results showed that hazards in Al-mahrah governorate are measles, dengue fever, Cyclone/floods, and damaged septic tanks, spread of typhoid, malaria, damaged water network, water contamination, damaged sewage network.

The recommended interventions according to VCA results in Al-mahrah governorate are: vaccination against measles, treatment and control of dengue fever and malaria, building barriers to face flood flows, rehabilitation of water wells, rehabilitation of damaged septic tanks, rehabilitation of sewage network, building barriers to prevent flood/erosion of agricultural land, rehabilitation of water projects, rehabilitation of classes and building a water tank for schools

1.1. Dhamar Governorate

HH Family Male Female Total % of DMCB targeted Population 5,081 4,848 16,380 17,005 33,384 23.34%

The key findings of VCA results showed that hazards in Dhamar governorate are: rock falls, earthquakes, floods, roads accidents, drift of agricultural land, water contamination, open water pools, damaged water network, open water wells.

The recommended interventions according to VCA results in Al-mahrah governorate are: to build barriers to flood flows, road safety awareness, conducting health awareness and training in first aid, Cracking rocks and building barriers to houses and terraces, making health awareness about how water is chlorinated and awareness about diseases transmitted through polluted water, rehabilitation of water network and covering water wells.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

2. ATAQ DISTRICT

Ataq District is a small city and the capital of Shabwah Governorate in Yemen. Ataq is 458 km southeast of Sana'a. The difference in elevation of the city is about 70 m with generally partially flat topography with altitudinal variation in the range of 1120–1190 m.a.s.l. and an area of about 1300 km square .its population was around 49,572. There are 12 sub- district and 133 villages in Ataq District.

2.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

HH Family Male Female Total OLD CITY OF ATAQ 899 795 3,465 2,599 6,063 ALMOTHNAB 23 27 114 124 237 KAHMR 27 31 135 148 283 ALJABIAH 190 183 889 959 1,847 QUBAN 104 101 604 567 1,170 BA KABIRAH 108 118 622 602 1,224 ALSHABIKAH 23 23 107 118 249 ALKARIBAG 87 80 508 474 983 2.2. EDUCATION LEVEL We note that the illiteracy rate among male (45%) and females (50%) in this district is high; this is because of the low number of schools (6) and the phenomenon of school drop out in result to poverty and ignorance. Number of teachers in district is 93. From the VCA result, also note the scarcity of teachers in middle (0%) and secondary levels (10%), leading to dropping out of school sometimes .From VCA result, we also note the high incidence of poverty, ignorance, culture, distance to school, lack of classes, lack of teachers, lack of chairs, old building of school, work, lack of water network and lack of sanitation leads to drop out of school among male and female student.

2.3. HEALTH There is a shortage of health staff in the District for male doctors (2%), female doctors (2%), male nurses (9%) and female nurses (12%). There is a clear rise in the number of cases of diarrhea (43.87%) due to open ponds, sewers and mosquitoes; there is a rise in respiratory diseases (32.76%) especially during the winter and there is a rise in Dengue

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

Fever (28%), measles, smallpox, malaria and poisoning. The causes of these diseases are due to open sewers (17%), mosquito spread (16%), exposed water wells (25%), and stagnant water (8%) and weather change (17%).

2.4. FOOD SECURITY According to the survey results, we note the high malnutrition in mothers (19%), the low rate of breast-feeding mother (13%) which cause malnutrition diseases in children (18%).

The results of the survey showed that the local community in the District of Ataq lacks health-promoting factors, as it became clear that the society depends on grain (75%) mainly, animals (7%), vegetables (9%) and Legumes (9%) because of extreme poverty. The results of the survey showed that 88% of the food sources in Ataq District are from the markets while 12% come from local sources.

2.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR OF AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES

Subject Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Rain Season A P P P L Crop Cultivation A L L Land preparation - reclamation terraces L L

Sowing Season A L L L Harvest L A L L L Livestock Breeding L L L L L A A A L L L L

Milk Production L L Sale of Animals L A A L L Diseases of Animals L L L L L L L L L Buy Bees L L L Sell Bees L L L L L Honey Season L L L P A Working Season L L L L L L L L L L L L

In the Farm (field) Outside the Farm Labor Migration Buy Food High Food Prices L L L L L L L L L L L L Prices Drop Periods of diseases (malaria - diarrhea) L A L L L Coding: L=Low, A=Average, P=Peak 2.6. INCOME SOURCE

Beekeeping 9% Income Source Agriculture 5% Migration Daily Wages 14% 43% Grazing Small Busines 24% 5%

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

2.7. COMMUNITY ROLES

Women Roles Children Roles Men Roles Harvesting Raising Agriculture Collecting 6% Children 20% Beekeepin Firewood 19% g 12% Caring for 16% Work Marketing camels 15% 8% Grazing 8% Sheep House Grazing Bring Shopping 19% Livestock Work Sheep Study Water 15% Breeding 25% 20% 60% 15% Agriculture 19% 23%

2.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY The results of the survey showed that first aid, health awareness, accounting, electricity mobile engineering beekeeping and psychological support are the most desirable areas for training of male members of the community.

The results of the survey showed that first aid, marketing, handicraft; sewing and embroidery are the most desirable areas for training of female members of the community.

2.9. COPING STRATEGIES The results of the survey showed the coping strategies of community as follows:

Coping Strategies

Migration 6 Reduction of agricultural production expenditure 6 Search for work alternatives 22 Sale of production inputs or sources of income 7 Begging 1 Children out of school 6 Reduce meals for the whole family 10 Reduce meals for Adults 9 Borrowing 20 Sale of property or furniture 8 0 5 10 15 20 25

2.10. WASH

Water Resources 20 55 25

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Water Projects Water Wells Water Trucking

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

potable Water 72 28

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Potable water Not Potable Water

WATER TRANSPORTATION Animals 17%

Other Women 17% 16%

Water Tanker Children 66% 1%

2.11. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY The results of the survey showed that 43% take shower weekly, 54% take shower monthly and 3% take shower in other time. The results of the survey showed that 48% of the population of the community wash their hands after leaving the bathroom and 52% do not adhere to this, which can cause health risks to the members of society. The results of the survey showed that 25% of houses waste and 33% of sewage waste and 25% of general waste are thrown in the valleys, which can be a major source of various diseases and epidemics transmitted by mosquitoes, We also note that 50% of the homes waste is thrown in the neighborhood, causing the spread of diseases and water pollution. 2.12. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPIN 2.12.1. HAZARDS

Perceived Hazards 50 41 40

20 13 12 12 12 10 Respondants 10

0 Flood Sewage Water Network Student Dropout Oil Pipeline Dengue Fever Hazards Mentioned

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

1. The floods cause disruption of electricity and communications services and road interruptions caused house demolitions, agricultural landslides, human and animal casualties, and displacement of residents of the territories internally and externally 2. Water Network which needs maintenance 3. The area of Ataq suffer from presence of pools and open-air sewages, which led to the spread of many diseases, including malaria and diarrhea 4. The spread of dengue fever among a large segment of society members especially young people 5. Student Drop out of schools: The increase in the dropout of children from schools because of the distance of water sources from the communities and widespread poverty among many segments of society. 6. Oil Pipeline 2.12.2. CAPACITY There are schools in this community in addition to a health center that provides health services to the community members. There is also a public water project and close to the population. District is facilitated with electricity. Thus, human resources are available to participate in various activities and the members of society have a high awareness 2.13. EARLY WARNING The community relies mainly on traditional means as a means of early warning in the event of risk as it depends on the firing of shots in a percentage of (100%) as early warning method. 2.14. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS Takaful Social Society:

a. Charity Services b. Society Services c. Relief Services

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

2.15. SOCIAL MAPS At the end of the work, the community drew up a map of the target area, identifying weaknesses and capacities, including trends, symbols and colors used.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

3. BAYHAN DISTRICT

The Bayhan District is located in the western part of the Shabwah Governorate and bounded from the north with the Asulian District, from the south with the Upper Murkha, and the AlBydaa Governorate, bounded from the Lower Murkha with East and the West of the bounded with Gerdan, an area of about 616 km square .its population was around 64,893. There are 17 sub-district and 183 villages in Bayhan District.

3.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

HH FAMILY MALE FEMALE TOTAL RIDAN 119 102 331 233 569 ALKERA’A 118 115 582 510 1,092 MOWGS 158 109 510 487 997 ALHARJAH 327 301 1,515 1,358 2,873 3.2. EDUCATION LEVEL The results of VCA shows that the illiteracy rate among male (40%) and females (40%) in this district is high; this is due to the low number of schools in basic ,medium(15%) and secondary(10%) level for male and female students and leading to rising of school drop out in result to poverty and ignorance . The results of VCA shows that number of teachers in this district is 152. In addition, there is a scarcity of teachers in middle and secondary levels, leading to dropping out of school sometimes. The VCA survey results showed that this district suffers from lack of high incidence of poverty (27%), ignorance (27%), lack of classes (13%), lack of teachers (13%), early marriage, old building of schools, culture, and lack of water network leads to drop out of school among male and female student.

3.3. HEALTH There is a shortage of health staff in the district for male doctors (2), female doctors (1), male nurses (5), female nurses (3) and midwives (6) in Bayhan District. In Bayhan district; there is a clear rise in the number of cases of diarrhea (33.44%); and there is a rise in respiratory diseases (42.86%), there is a rise in Dengue Fever (8%), Malaria (8%), and Fever (25%).The causes of these diseases are due to open sewers (22%), mosquito spread (11%), exposed water wells (11%), and food contamination (11%), climate change (34%), malaria (8%) and virus (11%).

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

3.4. FOOD SECURITY According to the survey results, we note the high malnutrition in mothers (30%), the low rate of breast-feeding mother (25%) which cause malnutrition diseases in children (45%).The results of the survey showed that the local community in the District of Bayhan lacks health-promoting factors, as it became clear that the society depends on grain (51%) mainly, vegetables (19%),animals (15%) and Legumes (15%) because of extreme poverty and the following diagram shows this.The results of the survey showed that 55% of the food sources in Bayhan District are from the markets while 45% come from local sources. 3.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR

Subject Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Rain season L A A A L Crop cultivation L L L Land preparation - reclamation terraces L L

Sowing season L L L harvest L L L Livestock breeding A A A A A A A A A A A A Milk production Sale of animals L L L Diseases of animals L L L L Buy bees L Sell bees L Honey Season L L Working season L L L L L L L L L L L L In the farm (field) Outside the farm L Labor migration L Buy food L High food prices L L L L L L L L L L L L prices drop Periods of diseases (malaria - diarrhea) L L L L L L Coding: L=Low, A=Average, P=Peak 3.6. INCOME SOURCES

Income Source Migration 9% Small Busines 14% Grazing 14% Daily Wages 63%

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

3.7. COMMUNITY ROLES

Engraving Men Roles Women Roles Beekeeping Embroidery Stones Raising 7% 6% Coiffure 8% 6% Children Work Marketing Harvesting 16% 15% 8% 5% Collecting Harvesting Shopping Firewood House Work 8% 15% 11% 22% Agriculture 31% Bring Water Grazing Livestock 8% Sheep Breeding 17% 17%

Children Roles Bring Water 22% Study 45% Agriculture 11% Grazing Sheep 22%

3.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY The results of the survey showed that first aid, blacksmith, carpentry, electricity, IT and Health awareness are the most desirable areas for training of male members of the community. The results of the survey showed that first aid, sewing, embroidery and coiffure are the most desirable areas for training of female members of the community.

3.9. COPING STRATEGIES The results of the survey showed the coping strategies of community as follows:

Coping Strategies

Migration 8 Reduction of agricultural production expenditure 7 Search for work alternatives 15 Sale of production inputs or sources of income 7 Begging 2 Children out of school 8 Reduce meals for the whole family 14 Reduce meals for Adults 11 Borrowing 14 Sale of property or furniture 5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

3.10. WASH

Water Resources 52 48

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Water Projects Water Wells

potable Water 61 39

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Potable water Not Potable Water

Water Transportation Animals 25%

Women 15% Other 25% Girls 4%

Water Tanker Boys 50% 6%

3.11. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY The results of the survey showed that a 21% of the community take shower weekly, 9% take shower monthly and 70% get shower in different times. The results of the survey showed that 47.5% of the population of the community wash their hands after leaving the bathroom and 52.5% do not adhere to this, which can cause health risks to the members of society.The results of the survey showed that 100% of houses waste and 50% of sewage waste and 80% of general waste are thrown in the valleys, which can be a major source of various diseases and epidemics transmitted by mosquitoes.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

3.12. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING 3.12.1. HAZARDS

Perceived Hazards

30 28 25

18 18 18 20 15 9 9 10 Respondants 5 0 Flood Mines Sewage Erosion of Rockfall Water network agricultural land Hazards Mentioned

During the district hazards analysis, there were several hazards that threaten the security and life of the local community, perhaps the most important of which are the flooding(28%), Sewage water(18%), water network(9%), Mines(18%) , Rock fall(9%) and Agricultural lands drifts(18%). The following diagram shows the levels of the hazards there. 1. The flooding cause disruption of electricity and communications services and road interruptions caused house demolitions, agricultural landslides, human and animal casualties, and displacement of residents of the territories internally and externally 2. Water Network which needs maintenance 3. The area of Bayhan suffer from presence of pools and open-air sewages, which led to the spread of many diseases, including malaria and diarrhea 4. Rock falls, causing homes to collapse, deaths, water sources, livestock deaths, property damage and roadblocks 5. Mines that cause significant damage, including human damage and physical damage. 6. Near water from sources of pollution such as mixing of water, sewage and animal waste 3.12.2. CAPACITY There are schools in this community in addition to a health center with a healthy staff that provides health services to the community members. There is also a public water project and close to the population. Alternative sources of water are also available. Agricultural land can be cultivated to provide agricultural products to the community and to improve livelihoods. Thus, human resources are available to participate in various activities and the members of society have a high awareness. There are also asphalt roads and an electric grid

3.13. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS There are no humanitarian organizations working in this community.

3.14. EARLY WARNING This community relies mainly on traditional means as a method of early warning in the event of risk as it depends on the firing of shots in a percentage of (96.30%) as early warning method and SMS (2.5%) in the second order. 30

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

3.15. SOCIAL MAPS At the end of the work, the community drew up a map of the target area, identifying weaknesses and capacities, including trends, symbols and colors used

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

4. AS SAID DISTRICT

District of As Said Located in the southern part of the province of Shabwa and rise from the sea level of 1673 m and an area of about 823 km square and is bordered to the north by the District of Atiq and from the south of Abyan province and to the east District of Habban and to the west District of Nusab. There are 21 sub-district and 205 villages.

4.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

HH FAMILY MALE FEMALE TOTAL ALSAID CITY 630 615 2,638 2,479 5,118 YASHBM 0 0 0 0 0 RAFD 11 11 64 45 109 ALSUFAL 99 68 372 399 771 ALMSINAH 398 412 2,540 2,441 4,981 4.2. EDUCATION LEVEL the results showed that the illiteracy rate among females in this district is high (71%) and the illiteracy rate among males is low (25%).in addition, the results showed that the number of female schools is lower than the number of male schools in all secondary, intermediate and primary levels, we also noted that number of teachers in district is 193. In addition, there is a lack of teachers in middle and secondary levels, which is reflected on the level of illiteracy among females compared to males. The results also showed there is drop out of school among male and female student due to a high incidence of poverty (34%), ignorance (25%), distance to school (8%) and lack of WC (25%).

4.3. HEALTH There is a shortage of health staff in this District for male doctors (6), female doctors (1), male nurses (17) and female nurses (5) .the results of VCA survey showed that there is a clear rise in the number of cases of diarrhea (2645), respiratory diseases (2835), poisoning (945). There is prevalence of other diseases such as measles (13%), smallpox (6%), and cancer (6%), and fever (19%), dengue fever (13). The causes of these diseases are due to sewage drains (8%), mosquito spread (8%), lack of cleanliness (15%), and pollution (15%), swamps (8%) and viral (38%).

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

4.4. FOOD SECURITY According to the survey results, we note the high malnutrition in mothers (29%), the low rate of breast-feeding mother (3%) which cause malnutrition diseases in children (40%).The results of the survey showed that the local community in the District of AS-Said lacks health-promoting factors, as it became clear that the society depends on grain (72%) mainly, Legumes (10%), animals (12%) and vegetables (6%) because of extreme poverty. The results of the survey showed that 96% of the food sources in AS-Said District are from the markets while 4% come from local sources.

4.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR

Subject Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Rain season L L A A A Crop cultivation A A A L L Land preparation - reclamation terraces L L L L L L

Sowing season L L L A L L harvest A L L L Livestock breeding A A A A A A A A A A A A Milk production L L L Sale of animals L L L L L L L L L L L L Diseases of animals L L L L L L L L L Buy bees L A L L Sell bees L L L L L Honey Season L L A A Working season L L L L A L A L A A L L In the farm (field) L L L L L L Outside the farm L L L L L L L L Labor migration L L Buy food High food prices A A A A A A A A A A A A prices drop Periods of diseases (malaria - diarrhea) L L A A A L L Coding: L=Low, A=Average, P=Peak 4.6. INCOME SOURCES

Income Source

Small Busines 12%

Grazing 29% Daily Wages 59%

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

4.7. COMMUNITY ROLES

Handcrafts 7% Women Roles Raising Children Roles Men Roles Tanning Children Industry Leather 14% Grazing Sheep 8% 7% 34% Shoppin g Agricultu Grazing 31% re Sheep Study 23% 21% House 66% Work 30% Business 7% Bring Harvasting Water 21% 31% 4.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY The survey results showed AS-Said district different desires for men in terms of training varies from first aid, calligraphy, blacksmith, nursing, rescue, media, carpentry. The survey results showed women in AS-Said District has different desires for training, which include sewing (13%), embroidery (13%), first aid (4%), housekeeping(4%), health education(4%), nursing(4%), midwifery(4%), volunteering(4%), drawing(4%), coiffure(4%), handcraft(9%), calligraphy(4%), engraving henna(9%), pottery(4%), Tanning(4%) and cleaning work(4%).

4.9. COPING STRATEGIES The results of the survey showed the coping strategies of community as follows:

Coping Strategies

Migration 5 Reduction of agricultural production expenditure 7 Search for work alternatives 16 Sale of production inputs or sources of income 5 Begging 0 Children out of school 3 Reduce meals for the whole family 6 Reduce meals for Adults 7 Borrowing 13 Sale of property or furniture 8

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

4.10. WASH

Water Resources 55 45

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Water Projects Water Wells

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

potable Water 70 30

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Potable water Not Potable Water

Water Transportation

Women 20% Water Tanker Other 60% 40% Girls 11%

Boys 9%

4.11. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY The results of the survey showed that a 31% of the community get shower weekly, 66% get shower monthly and 3% get shower in different times. The results of the survey showed that 50% of the population of the community wash their hands after leaving the bathroom and 50% do not adhere to this, which can cause health risks to the members of society The results of the survey showed that 75% of houses waste and 67% of sewage waste and 75% of general waste are thrown in the valleys, while 25% of houses waste are thrown in neighborhood that can be a major source of various diseases and epidemics transmitted by mosquitoes. 4.12. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING 4.12.1. HAZARDS

Perceived Hazards 30 24 24 25 20 16 15 8 10 7 7 7 7

Respondants 5 0 Flood Sewage Petrol Station Rockfall Cysban Trees Water network Erosion of Open Wells agricultural land Hazards Mentioned

During the districts hazards analysis, there were several hazards that threaten the security and life of the local community, perhaps the most important of which are the floods - landslides, exposed wells, soil erosion, etc. The following diagram shows the levels of the hazard there. 35

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

1. Rock falls, causing homes to collapse, deaths, water sources, livestock deaths, property damage and roadblocks 2. Open water wells, Citizens suffer from the fact that the water wells are open and represent a potential risk of children falling into the wells while fetching water and water pollution due to the collection of animal and human waste which is a major source of breeding vector disease 3. The floods cause disruption of electricity and communications services and road interruptions caused house demolitions, agricultural landslides, human and animal casualties, and displacement of residents of the territories internally and externally. 4. The spread of the Cysban tree on the floodwaters especially in the area of As Said and on the farms, which led to the closure of floodwaters and the diversion of the stream, which led to the erosion of the soil 5. The area of As Said suffer from presence of pools and open-air sewages, which led to the spread of many diseases, including malaria and diarrhea 6. Petrol Station 7. Agricultural Land Drift 8. Water Network which needs maintenance 4.12.2. CAPACITY There are schools in this community in addition to the presence of a rural hospital, a public hospital, medical clinics and a health center with a healthy staff that provides health services to the community members. There is also a public water project and close to the population. Alternative sources of water are also available. Agricultural land can be cultivated to provide agricultural products to the community and to improve livelihoods. Thus, human resources are available to participate in various activities and the members of society have high awareness. There are also asphalt roads, electrical grid and mosques. There is also awareness among local authorities of the need to fight the Cesban tree 4.13. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS There were eight humanitarian organizations in the district. Their intervention was good, but not at the required level, but it helped a great deal in the local community. The organizations that worked in the area UNICEF (17%), IRC (25%), IOM (9%), ERC (17%), KS relief (8%), SFD-Yemen (8%) and Social Solidarity Association (8%). 4.14. EARLY WARNING The community relies mainly on traditional means as a means of early warning in the event of risk as it depends on the shooting fire (93.5%), SMS (1.30%) and social communication (5%) as early warning method. 4.15. SOCIAL MAPS At the end of the work, the community drew up a map of the target area, identifying weaknesses and capacities, including trends, symbols and colors used.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

5. RUDUM DISTRICT

Rudum District is one of the districts of the coastal Shabwa Governorate and bounded from the east by the Mayfa Hajar and AlMukala and the Ahwar and Abyan from the south, the Mayfah and Heban from the north, it rise 67 meters from the sea level and the area of the district is 6680 squared kilometers. Its population was around 36978 according to a 2004 census. There are 12 sub-district and 183 villages in Rudhum District.

5.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

HH FAMILY MALE FEMALE TOTAL ROWDOM CITY 375 439 2,302 2,231 4,533 JALAH 61 67 257 318 716 ALHAMIAH 0 0 0 0 0 ALHBILAH 13 13 60 58 118 HOWRAH 55 51 203 176 379 ALSAHIL ARFH 146 143 675 635 1,409 5.2. EDUCATION LEVEL The illiteracy rate among male (20%) and illiteracy rate among females (40%) in this district is high; this is because of the low number of schools, lack of medium school (0%) and secondary school (0%) school for male student, shortage of medium (16%) and secondary school (16%) for female student which increase school dropout due to poverty and ignorance. Number of teachers in district is 101. There is also a scarcity of teachers in middle levels for male and female students, leading to dropping out of school. In addition, we also noted the high incidence of poverty, ignorance, early marriage, distance to school, lack of classes, lack of teachers, lack of medium class and lack of WC, lack of chairs leads to drop out of school among male and female student.

5.3. HEALTH There is a shortage of health staff in the Rudum district for male doctors (1), female doctors (0), and female nurses (0) and midwifes (2).There is a clear rise in the number of cases of diarrhea (32%) due to worms (11%), lack of awareness

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

of community (44%) and mosquitoes (45%); there is a rise in respiratory diseases (38%) especially during the winter, malaria (25%) and fever (5%).

5.4. FOOD SECURITY According to the survey results, we note the high malnutrition in mothers (40%), the low rate of breast-feeding mother (25%) which cause malnutrition diseases in children from 4-24 month (95%).The results of the survey showed that the local community in the District of Rudum lacks health-promoting factors, as it became clear that the society depends on grain (61%) mainly, Legumes (15%), animals (13%), and vegetables (11%) because of extreme poverty.The results of the survey showed that 92% of the food sources in Rudum District are from the markets while 8% come from local sources.

5.5. SOCIAL CALENDAR Subject Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Rain season A A L A P A L L Crop cultivation L L L L L L L Land preparation - reclamation terraces L L L L Sowing season L L L L L L A A L L harvest L L L A Livestock breeding L L A L A A L L A L L L Milk production L L L Sale of animals A L A A A P P A A L L L Diseases of animals L L L L L Buy bees L L L L Sell bees L L L Honey Season L L L Working season L L L L L L A A L L L L In the farm (field) L L L L L L L L Outside the farm L L L L L Labor migration Buy food High food prices L L L L L L L L L L L L prices drop L L L L Periods of diseases (malaria - diarrhea) L L L L A L L A L L Coding: L=Low, A=Average, P=Peak

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

5.6. INCOME SOURCE

Income Source Agriculture 12% Small Busines 14%

Daily Wages Grazing 67% 7%

5.7. COMMUNITY ROLES

Women Roles Selling Children Roles Men Roles Raising Fish Teaching Children 10% Marketin Water Work Fishing 5% 17% 23% 15% g Bring 7% 17% Study Teaching Water 30% 8% Grazing bring Sheep House 30% Agricultu 8% Work re 22% 31% Collecting Palm Firewood Grazing Livestock Grazing 8% 11% Sheep Breeding Sheep 11% 17% 30% 5.8. DESIRED TRAINING FOR COMMUNITY The survey results showed men in Rudum district have different desires for training varies from first aid, electricity, IT, rescue, agriculture ,veterinary, fishing methods, disaster management, psychological support, mobile maintenance, computer skills, , blacksmith , and carpentry.The survey results showed women in Rudum district have different desires for training varies from sewing, embroidery, first aid, nursing, home keeping, literacy, and coiffure.

5.9. COPING STRATEGIES The results of the survey showed the coping strategies of community as follows:

Coping Strategies

Migration 4 Reduction of agricultural production expenditure 8 Search for work alternatives 14 Sale of production inputs or sources of income 9 Begging 1 Children out of school 6 Reduce meals for the whole family 10 Reduce meals for Adults 12 Borrowing 14 Sale of property or furniture 6 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

5.10. WASH

Water Resources 19 51 31

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Water Projects Water Wells Water Trucking

potable Water 53 47

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Potable water Not Potable Water

Water Transportation

Animals 40% Women Other 24% 40% Girls 12%

Boys Water Tanker 4% 20% 5.11. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY The results of the survey showed that a 45% of the community take shower weekly, 4% take shower monthly and 51% take shower in different times.The results of the survey showed that 42.5% of the population of the community wash their hands after leaving the bathroom and 57.5% do not adhere to this, which can cause health risks to the members of society. The results of the survey showed that 40% of houses waste and 25% of sewage waste and 25% of general waste are thrown in the valleys, which can be a major source of various diseases and epidemics transmitted by mosquitoes, We also note that 60% of the homes waste, 50% of sewage waste and 50% of general waste is thrown in the neighborhood, causing the spread of diseases and water pollution.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

5.12. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING 5.12.1. HAZARDS

Perceived Hazards 100 80 60 40 25 25 25 9 8 8

Respondants 20 0 Flood Sewage Open Wells Water network Cysban Trees Petrol Station Hazards Mentioned

During the districts hazards analysis, several hazards threaten the security and life of the local community, perhaps the most important of which are the flooding, Sewage water, water network, cesban trees, exposed wells, and petrol station. The following diagram shows the levels of the disaster there.

1. Open and exposed water wells, represent a potential risk of children falling into the wells while fetching water and water pollution due to the collection of animal and human waste which is a major source of breeding vector disease 2. The flood cause disruption of electricity and communications services and road interruptions caused house demolitions, agricultural landslides, human and animal casualties, and displacement of residents of the territories internally and externally 3. The spread of the cysban tree on the floodwaters especially in the area of Rudum and on the farms, which led to the closure of floodwaters and the diversion of the stream, which led to the erosion of the soil 4. The area of Rudum suffer from presence of pools and open-air sewages, which led to the spread of many diseases, including malaria and diarrhea 5. Petrol Station 6. Water Network, which needs maintenance 5.12.2. CAPACITY There are schools in this community in addition to the presence of a rural hospital, a public hospital, medical clinics and a health center with a healthy staff that provides health services to the community members. There is also a market for selling vegetables, fish and food shops. There is also a public water project and close to the population. There is also available alternative sources of water, as well as the availability of water pumps and reservoirs. Also low dropout rate among students. There are agricultural lands that can be cultivated to provide agricultural products to the community and to improve livelihoods. Thus, human resources are available to participate in different activities and the members of society have high awareness. There are also asphalt roads, electrical grid and mosques. There is also awareness among local authorities of the need to fight the cesban tree 5.13. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS There were seven humanitarian organizations in the district. Their intervention was good, but not at the required level, but it helped a great deal in the local community. The following diagram shows the organizations that worked in the area are IRC (23%), IOM (11%), WFP (11%), ERC (11%), KS relief (22%), UNICEF (11%), and SFD-Yemen. 43

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

5.14. SOCIAL MAPS At the end of the work, the community drew up a map of the target area, identifying weaknesses and capacities, including trends, symbols and colors used.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

7. AL GHAYDAH DISTRICT

Al- Ghaydah District is the capital city of Al Mahrah Governorate in southeastern Yemen. The area of Al Ghaydah is 2667 square km.

7.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

HH FAMILY MALE FEMALE TOTAL MOUNEA 28.9 30.6 110.5 112.2 222.7 MUHIFIF 498.1 501.5 2454.8 1898.9 4353.7 DABWAT 397.8 430.1 2017.9 1513 3530.9 ALABRI 265.2 221 1013.2 965.6 1978.8 YAROUB 79.9 81.6 431.8 389.3 821.1

7.2. LEVEL OF EDUCATION The rate of education in the district for males was (80%) while the rate of literacy for females were (82%). The illiteracy among males is (17%) and illiteracy rate in females is (18%). Number of schools in the District (42) schools for males and (44) for females; There is a lack of teachers in Al- Ghaydah and there are lack of teachers in medium and secondary schools for female in Al- Ghaydah. The most important reasons for the drop out of schools are the following factors for male and female’s students. Poverty (25%), ignorance (33%), work (13%) and migration (21%) are the main causes of school dropout among males, and we note that the lack of classrooms (6%) and distance from school (33%) and poverty (22%) and the early marriage (11%) is one of the main reasons for the dropout of female from schools. 7.3. HEALTH The number of diseases prevalent in the community and constitute a great burden for them as the health centers are very few and almost none in the most areas in addition to the lack of male doctors and lack of female doctors. Prevalence of diseases is diarrhea (8%), malaria (23%), mumps (8%), fever (36%), measles (10%) and infections (15%).

It is clear that there are factors and causes that help in the spread and sustainability of diseases in the district unless intervention to stop and address these causes, the most important of which is open-air pools (8%), mosquito (41%), uncovered sewage (8%) and change climate (41%). 46

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

7.4. FOOD SECURITY One of the most important factors affecting the community is malnutrition, which was the result of extreme poverty in the local community. The percentage of malnourished mothers is 2 % and breast-feeding mothers is 85%.The main sources of food in the target areas were found during the field descent. It was found that the local community enjoys relatively healthy nutritional factors. It is clear that the society depends on several food sources, mainly grains (39%), Legumes (19%), animals (24%) and vegetables (18%).Since the source of food is a great burden on society, the percentage of purchase from the market (47%)

7.5. ROLES OF COMMUNITY

Women Roles Men Roles Grazing Children Roles Grazzing Sheep Employee 21% 6% 9% Migration Employee 9% Nurses 29% Study 7% Play 50% Work Fishing House 44% 55% 27% Work 43%

7.6. THE DESIRES OF TRAINING FOR COMMUNITY

30 27 27

25 23

20 18

14 14 14 15 13

10 9 7 7 6 6 5 4 4

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 First Aid Computer English Marine Electricity Nursing Veterinary Midwifery Coiffure Sewing Embroidery Skills Language Equipment Cabling Services Engineering

Men Women

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

7.7. WASH

Water Resources 51 49

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Water Projects Water Wells

potable Water 44 56

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Potable water Not Potable Water

Water Transportation Water Trucking 10%

Women Other 14% Girls 30% Water Pumps 8% 60% Boys 8%

The results of the survey showed that a 23% of the community take shower weekly, 44% get shower monthly and 33% get shower in different times. 7.8. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY One of the most common diseases in the district, lack of attention to clean hands after WC, where the rate of negligence 39%, which leads to disastrous results.It was noted that the most important disease spread was the lack of awareness of the hygiene of society, 25% of the community throw their own waste next to homes, as well as 40% of the remnants of markets are thrown in roads, causing many diseases.

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7.9. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING 7.9.1. HAZARDS Perceived Hazards 35 29 29 30 25 21 20 15

10 7 7 7 Respondants 5 0 Flood Cysban Trees Garbage Damaged Open Wells Damaged Septic Electricity Network tanks Hazards Mentioned

During the community risk analysis, several hazards threaten the security and life of the local community. The most important of these are flooding (29%), Cysban Trees (29%), damaged septic tanks (7%), damaged electricity networks (7%), garbage (21%) and exposed wells (7%). The following chart shows the types of the hazard there.

7.9.1.1. DUBUT & HARUT HAZARDS

1. Most members of the community depend on the water of wells, which is not drinking water due to the effects of pollution surrounding the source of water, which led to the spread of diarrhea and diseases. 2. Cover and block wells during floods 3. Malnutrition prevalence among males is 1%, among women 15% and children 16% 4. Malaria is spreading and the number of infected is rising every year 5. Prevalence of diarrhea among children 6. Spread of measles disease 7. Flood 8. Food poisoning 9. Destruction of the bridges of the road link Dbout, Al-Ghaytha area, and the number of six bridges. 10. A number of houses were destroyed by cyclone Luban, where people need shelter. 11. Black cockroaches have spread very dramatically in homes and are now in need of an anti-crackdown campaign. 12. The spread of measles significantly, especially among children. 13. Ali Mukhabal School in the area was affected and the lighting was disrupted, as well as the baths and bathrooms. 14. The work of the flood on the filling and destruction of a number of water wells on which the region depends on drinking, including wells immediately, which led to the interruption of the water project. 15. Floods caused by Luban Cyclone have swept the entire agricultural land and affected farmers completely.

7.9.1.2. ALAIBRI HAZARDS

1. Water scarcity as the community buys water from the center of the province through water tankers. 2. Malnutrition prevalence among males is 10%, among women 20% and children 35% 3. Malaria is spreading and the number of infected is rising every year 49

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

4. Prevalence of diarrhea among children 5. The spread of the cesban tree near residential houses. Spread over public roads. Spread in agricultural land. 6. The area of Rakhut and Muqtad suffer from presence of pools and open-air sewages, which led to the spread of many diseases, including malaria and diarrhea 7. Overfishing and the indiscriminate shelf of marine life, leading to the death of marine life, the decline of fish production in the district and the extinction of some species of fishing 8. Flooding 9. The road and bridges leading to the Abri area are broken and destroyed due to Luban cyclone and people need to repair these roads as well as bridges. 10. The presence of a large number of houses destroyed by luban cyclone, whose people need shelter and food 11. The floods have swept away a large number of cesban trees scattered in the stream and this is a positive thing because it was one of the problems experienced by the population. 12. Floods caused by luban cyclone have swept the entire agricultural land and affected farmers completely. 13. Destruction and burial of a number of water wells used by farmers in agriculture as well as laundry 14. Floods deepen the course of the torrent 6 meters deeper 15. The emergence of new sewage streams next to the valley of Al-Jazaa and Masht 16. Floods swept the soil and sand from various areas into the residential neighborhoods, causing the spread of dust which resulted in diseases of the respiratory system as well as the closure of some streams of flood 17. Black cockroaches have spread very dramatically in homes and are now in need of an anti-crackdown campaign. 18. Mosquitoes spread very significantly 19. The spread of water swamps, which caused many diseases, including the spread of malaria and dengue fever. 7.9.1.3. MOHEVEF HAZARDS

1. Cover and block wells during floods 2. Prevalence of malnutrition among children 3% 3. Malaria is spreading and the number of infected is rising every year 4. Prevalence of diarrhea among children 5. Food poisoning 6. The spread of respiratory diseases during the winter 7. The rise of the sea level in the beach of Mohevef 8. Sewage rash in the area of Mohevef 9. The spread of measles significantly, especially among children . 10. The fishermen lost a large number of tools used in fishing, where the number lost to each fisherman number and capacity of 30-40, as well as the number of boats and fishing nets were destroyed and disrupted by the cyclone

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11. A cyclone Luban destroyed the fishing square and fishermen need to be repaired to be able to sell. 12. The presence of a large number of houses destroyed by luban cyclone, whose people need shelter and food. 13. The coast of Mohivef has become full of the remnants of the luban cyclone washed away by the floods of the coast, became a source of danger, and need to clean campaign that the place is a tourist place for visitors.

7.9.2. CAPACITY There are schools in this community as well as health centers with health staff providing health services to community members. There is also a great stadium. There are also numerous mosques to perform religious worship.

7.10. EARLY WARNING Currently, the community in Al Ghaydah uses the traditional method of firing into the air as a means of early warning system (62%) and they use SMS (23%) as a new method for early warning in addition to amplifiers (10%).

7.11. ORGANIZATIONS WORKED IN THE DISTRICT There were six organizations in the district. Their intervention was good but not at the required level, but it helped a great deal in the local community and the e organizations that worked in the community are YRCS(5%),UNICEF(10%),KS relief(20%),Oman Charity(35%),Al-Sabil Foundation(15%) and emirates red crescent(15%)

7.12. HEALTH CAMPAIGNS IMPLEMENTED IN THE DISTRICT Health Campaigns that included targeted areas are mobile campaigns, which are immunization (36%), polio (7%), cholera (7%), measles (7%), tetanus (7%), spraying (22%) and mosquito control (14%).

7.13. SOCIAL MAPS At the end of the work, the community drew up a map of the target area, identifying weaknesses and capacities, including trends, symbols and colors used.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

8. HUSWIN DISTRICT

Located in the south of the district of Al-Ghayda, the capital of the province, and about 92 km away and bordered by the coast of the Arab Sea in the east and south, but the West is bordered by the district of Qishn, a population of about 29 thousand people, and consists of the district of the city of Huswin and ten areas containing many of the towns and communities in It is characterized by the cultivation of some crops and it has an animal wealth which accounts for 15% of the total livestock of the province. It has coasts rich in fish and the most important are rock shales and squid. They are also engaged in trade and others in the country of alienation, and the District of Huswin has beautiful tourist sights along with the mountain heads penetrating the shores of the sea. The coast of the province of Huswin is about 45 km from the head of the degree west to the head of your farm.

8.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

HH FAMILY MALE FEMALE TOTAL TAHLIL 88.4 136 357 323 680 QIDFOUT 287.3 362.1 929.9 950.3 1880.2 KHAISIET 183.6 10.2 22.1 11.9 34 MAHBAROUR 28.9 28.9 85 85 170 SAQR 380.8 710.6 1887 1611.6 3498.6 ALWADI 302.6 595 1630.3 1548.7 3179 ALMADINAH 552.5 829.6 2408.9 1978.8 4387.7

8.2. LEVEL OF EDUCATION The rate of education in the district for males was (65%) while females were (55%). Number of schools in the District (7) schools for males and females. There is 66 teachers in Huswin and there are only five teachers in basic schools for female in Huswin. The most important reasons for the drop out of schools for male are work, fishing, military and lack of transportation

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8.3. HEALTH The number of diseases prevalent in the community constitute a great burden for community because the health centers are very few(only 3 center) and almost none in the most areas in addition to the shortage of health workers there and the prevalence of diseases is diarrhea(1095), measles(1825), respiratory diseases(2190), poisoning(365), malaria and fever .It is clear that there are factors and causes that help in the spread and sustainability of diseases in the community unless intervention to stop and address these causes, the most important of which is mosquito, food contamination, infections,cleanless and climate change. 8.4. FOOD SECURITY One of the most important factors affecting the community is malnutrition, which was the result of extreme poverty of the local community. The percentage of malnourished mothers is 10% and rate of breast-feeding in mother is 53%, which lead to malnutrition for children (25%) and malnutrition for women (7%).The main sources of food in the target areas were found during the survey. It was found that the local community enjoys relatively healthy nutritional factors. It is clear that the society depends on several food sources, mainly grains (80%), Legumes (7%), animals (5%) and vegetables (8%).Since the source of food is a great burden on society, the percentage of purchase from the market (92%) and 8% from local sources.

8.5. ROLES OF COMMUNITY

Women Roles Children Roles Men Roles Grazing Work Care of 13% 20% Family 40% Care of House Play Study Agriculture Elderly Keeper 50% 50% 10% 25% 50% Fishing 30% Teaching 12%

8.6. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY

4.5 4 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 2 1.5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 First Aid Rescue Skills Computer Skills Midwifery Health Awarness Nursing Sewing Emroidery

Men Women

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

8.7. WASH

Water Resources 48 40 12

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Water Projects Water Wells Water Trucking

potable Water 75 25

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Potable water Not Potable Water

8.8. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY MEMBERS One of the reasons for the deterioration of the health of the individual is the lack of personal hygiene, which is mainly related to the availability of water for bathing, and during the survey, found that the rate of hygiene reached an unsatisfactory level where 64% of community take shower weekly, 11% take shower monthly, and 25% take shower in different time.One of the causes of common diseases in society, which is one of the reasons for lack of attention to clean hands after the bath, where the percentage of neglect of washing hands, 30%, which in turn lead to disastrous results in the health of society. It is known that the main cause of the spread of diseases is a lack of awareness of the hygiene of the community, where whole of the community (100%) throw their household waste in trashes and sewage waste is collected in septic tanks, and the remnants of markets are thrown in the roads(25%),barrels(25%) and burning(50%), causing them many diseases.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

8.9. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING 8.9.1. HAZARDS During the hazards analysis of the community. Several hazards threaten the security and life of the community. The most important of which are the floods, spread of black cockroaches, dredging agricultural land, moving sands, exposed septic tanks, and damaged fishing equipment’s. The following graph shows the types of hazards there.

Perceived Hazards 5 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 1 1 1

Respondants 1 0 Flood Black Dredging Moving Sands Destroyed houses Exposed Septic Damaged fishing Cockroaches Agricultural Land Tanks equipment Hazards Menstioned

8.9.1.1. HUSWIN CITY HAZARDS

1. Most members of the community depend on the water of wells, which is not drinking water due to the effects of pollution surrounding the source of water, which led to the spread of diarrhea and diseases and viral fever 2. Clogging wells during floods 3. Malnutrition prevalence among males is 3%, among women 4% and children 4% 4. Malaria spread and the number of infected people increases annually 5. Prevalence of diarrhea among children 6. Food poisoning 7. Viral Fever 8. Electricity and low wires 9. Flooding 10. Bathrooms in schools are not fit and need maintenance 11. Quicksand 12. The open septic tanks are not covered

8.9.2. CAPACITY There are schools in this community as well as health centers with health staff providing health services to community members. There is also a great stadium. There are also numerous mosques to perform religious worship. The costs of improving water quality, community cooperation and the presence of a large number of young people are also low. Construction tools and accessories are available in the area. There are a large number of young people and school students who can contribute to mosquito control campaigns.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

8.10. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS There were four organizations in this community. Their humanitarian intervention was good but not at the required level, but it helped many members of society to cover many needs . The organizations that worked in the community are UNICEF (8%),Oman charitable organization(33%),Al-sabil foundation (17%) and Emirates red crescent(8%).

8.11. HEALTH CAMPAIGNS Health Campaigns that included targeted areas are mobile campaigns, which included vaccination, mosquito spray, polio, distribution of mosquito nets, and health awareness. 8.12. SOCIAL MAPS At the end of the work, the community drew up a map of the target area, identifying weaknesses and capacities, including trends, symbols and colors used.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

9. SAYHUT DISTRICT

Sayhut District is a district of the Al Mahrah Governorate, Yemen. The climate in Sayhut is called a desert climate. In Sayhut, there is virtually no rainfall during the year. The average annual temperature is 26.7 °C in Sayhut. The rainfall here averages 50 mm.

9.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

HH FAMILY MALE FEMALE TOTAL DARFAT 234.6 266.9 1042.1 1038.7 2080.8 ETAB 263.5 210.8 884 834.7 1718.7 SMALL ALGHAYDA 149.6 139.4 479.4 518.5 997.9 ALSHUHADA 377.4 385.9 1354.9 1186.6 2541.5 AL-SYADEEN 249.9 222.7 931.6 843.2 1774.8 AL-THURA 278.8 263.5 911.2 702.1 1613.3 14-OCT 431.8 452.2 1475.6 1365.1 2840.7 ALWEHDAH 357 309.4 1208.7 1176.4 2385.1

9.2. LEVEL OF EDUCATION The rate of education in the district for males was (80%) while females were (82%). The percentage of illiteracy among males is (17%) and illiteracy rate in females is (18%). Number of schools in the District (15) schools for males and (12) for females there is a lack of male schools in the medium level (one school) and secondary level (one school). There is a lack of teachers in Sayhut and there are no teachers in medium and secondary schools for male in Sayhut. The most important reasons for the drop out of schools are Poverty (45%) and migration (33%) among males, and lack of classrooms (25%) and distance from school (25%) and health problems (25%) and the percentage of failure (25%) is one of the main reasons for the dropout of women from schools.

9.3. HEALTH The number of diseases prevalent in the community constitute a great burden for community due to the health centers are very few and almost none in the most areas in addition to the lack of health workers.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

prevalence of diseases include diarrhea(20%),malaria(16%),respiratory system(14%), measles(10%), anemia(5%), dengue fever(5%), typhoid(5%), fever(30%) and infections(5%). It is clear that there are factors and causes that help in the spread and sustainability of diseases in the district unless intervention to stop and address these causes, the most important of which is mosquito(26.67%),high temperature(6.67%), flies(6.67%), water contamination(13.33%), cispan tree(6.67%), malnutrition(6.67%) ,food poisoning(13.33%), open sewage(6.67%) and climate change(13.33%).

9.4. FOOD SECURITY One of the most important factors affecting the district is malnutrition, which was the result of extreme poverty in the local community. The percentage of malnourished mothers is 9% and rate of breast feeding mother is 31%, which has a very serious indicator of its direct correlation with malnutrition for children (11%) and malnutrition for women (12%).

The main sources of food in the target areas were found during the field descent. It was found that the local community enjoys relatively healthy nutritional factors. It is clear that the society depends on several food sources, mainly grains (39%), Legumes (19%), animals (24%) and vegetables (18%).Since the source of food is a great burden on society, the percentage of purchase from the market (47%) and 53% of food are from local sources.

9.5. ROLES OF COMMUNITY

Nurses Women Roles 7% Children Roles Men Roles teaching Employee 6% 9% Employee Migiration 27% Play 44% 9% Study House Grazing 50% Working Sheep Fishing Work 40% 20% 27% 55%

Grazing Sheep 6%

9.6. THE DESIRES OF TRAINING FOR COMMUNITY The desires that the members of the community recorded are many and varied. The following charts illustrate this:

10 9 9 8 7 7 6 6 5 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 First Aid Computer Human Marine Nursing English Midwifery Veterinary Electricity Handcraft Coiffure Sewing Embroidery Skills Development Equipment Language Services Cabling Engineering

Men Women

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

9.7. WASH

Water Resources 51 49

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Water Projects Water Wells

potable Water 44 56

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Potable water Not Potable Water

Water Transportation

Water Project 38%

Women 18% Other 38% Girls 10%

Water Trucking Boys 12% 10% Water Pumps 12%

The results of survey showed that 23 % of community take shower weekly, 44% take shower monthly and 33% are taking shower in different time. One of the most common diseases in the district, which is one of the reasons lack of attention to clean hands after WC, where the percentage of negligence 39% and this leads to disastrous results. It was noted that the most important disease spread was the lack of awareness of the hygiene of society, where (25%) of community thrown their household waste in neighborhood and thrown 13% of sewage residues in valley, as well as the remnants of markets are thrown in roads(40%), valley(40%) and sea(20%) that causing many diseases.

9.8. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING 9.8.1. HAZARDS During the districts hazards analysis, several hazards threaten the security and life of the local community. The most important of these are flooding, Cysban Trees, damaged septic tanks, damaged electricity networks, garbage.

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The following chart shows the types of the hazards there. Perceived Hazards 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 29 29

Respondants 30 21 20 7 7 7 10 0 Flood Cysban Trees Garbage Damaged Electricity Open Wells Damaged Septic Network tanks Hazards Mentioned

9.8.1.1. ATAB VALLEY HAZARDS

1. Most members of the community in the area of Atab rely on well water, which is exposed and is often water that is not suitable for drinking due to the effects of surrounding pollution and the spread of kidney disease due to high salt content 2. Atab suffers from the lack of girls to continue secondary education because of the lack of a secondary school in the district for males and females, as well as after repentance of the center of the District estimated distance of 40 kilometers 3. Prevalence of malnutrition among women by 2% and among children by 5% 4. Malaria is spreading and the number of infected is rising every year 5. Prevalence of diarrhea among children 6. The spread of respiratory diseases during the winter 7. The spread of the Cysban tree on the floodwaters especially the valley of Atab as well as the farms, which led to the closure of floodwaters and diverting the flood into residential areas 8. Overfishing and the indiscriminate shelf of marine life, leading to the death of marine life, the decline of fish production in the district and the extinction of some species of fishing. 9. Flooding 10. Drought 11. Some 50 poor families live in the stream near the sea, only 30 meters away. 12. The presence of a large number of houses destroyed by the cyclone of luban and still displaced people at other families in the same area. 13. The spread of black cockroaches very large, causing damage in homes and forced some families to leave homes because of them. 14. Saeed Mosque, which was one of the strengths in the region completely destroyed. 15. Fishermen lost a large number of tools used in fishing as well as a number of boats and fishing nets were destroyed and disrupted by the typhoon.

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16. Floods swept the sand into the residential areas, making it difficult to cross into the houses because of the heavy sand. 17. Floods swept an old cemetery in Atab. 18. The flow of the flood is full of sand and it needs to expand and dig, or else the flood will return to the residential neighborhoods. 19. The eastern water project in Atab ended and destroyed. 20. The number of displaced persons in host families in the region, which is a great burden on host families.

9.8.1.2. DRFATS & SMALL GHYDA HAZARDS

1. Prevalence of malnutrition among women by 3% and among children by 5% 2. Malaria is spreading and the number of infected is rising every year 3. The Health Unit stopped working five years ago 4. Prevalence of diarrhea among children 5. The small area of Al Ghaydah suffers from the presence of open wells where pollutants accumulate and are a threat to the children 6. The spread of the cesban tree on the floodwaters especially in the area of Drfat and on the farms, which led to the closure of floodwaters and the diversion of the stream, which led to the erosion of the soil 7. Flooding 8. The district of Drfat suffers from the migration of its neighboring areas, especially from the area of the Mesila valley, where the number of families is estimated to be about 60 families 9. A number of houses were destroyed by cyclone Luban, whose residents need shelter and food 10. The flow of the stream has expanded and some houses have become on the edge of the runway and are threatened with destruction. 11. The private water network of the small area of Ghaydah has been destroyed. 12. The floods have destroyed the water wells that benefit the area. 13. The destruction of a large number of septic tanks and became exposed 14. Black cockroaches have spread very dramatically in homes and are now in need of an anti-crackdown campaign. 15. Mosquitoes spread very significantly 16. Spread of dengue fever and malaria 17. The destruction of a number of mud houses caused by the cyclone of luban. 18. Black cockroaches have spread very dramatically in homes and are now in need of an anti-crackdown campaign. 19. The spread of measles significantly, especially among children. 20. Floods caused by cyclone luban have swept some agricultural land and affected some farmers. 21. The spread of the small cypress tree in the residential neighborhoods more because of the rain caused by typhoon and animal residues 22. There are mud nests still inhabited by some families and are at risk at any moment.

9.8.1.3. SYHUT CITY HAZARDS

1. Black cockroaches have spread very dramatically in homes and are now in need of an anti-crackdown campaign. 62

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

2. Mosquitoes spread very significantly 3. Spread of measles especially among children 4. The prevalence of malaria is so great that the hospital in Sihut receives more than 10 cases a day, according to a statement from the director of the hospital 5. Fishermen lost a large number of tools used in fishing as well as a number of boats and fishing nets were destroyed and disrupted by the typhoon. 6. Typhoid spread more after luban cyclone

9.8.1.4. ROACH & SHAKE HAZARDS 1. Members of the local community suffers from a lack of water availability of pure drinking where the community to buy drinking water from desalination refineries, which families the burden of considerable economic cost 2. Prevalence of malnutrition among women by 7% and among children by 7% and among males by 5% 3. Malaria is spreading and the number of infected is rising every year 4. Prevalence of diarrhea among children 5. The spread of the cesban tree near residential houses. Spread over public roads. Spread in agricultural land. 6. The area of Rakhut and Muqtad suffer from presence of pools and open-air sewages, which led to the spread of many diseases, including malaria and diarrhea 7. Overfishing and the indiscriminate shelf of marine life, leading to the death of marine life, the decline of fish production in the district and the extinction of some species of fishing 8. Flooding

9.8.2. CAPACITY Among the strengths and capabilities of this community are low costs of improving water quality and community cooperation. A large number of young people are able to interact in several areas, including mosquito control. There is a strong desire for girls and boys to continue education and a health center is available in the region. There are also a number of graduates of health institutes. A qualified Red Crescent team is also available. There are also schools where different guidelines can be directed. As well as community cooperation. Laws are in place to prohibit overfishing and segregation. More than one fish cooperative is available in the community. There are also mosques, hotels and shopping centers

9.9. EARLY WARNING Currently, the community in Sayhut uses the traditional method of firing into the air as a means of early warning system (62%) and they use SMS (23%) as a new method for early warning in addition to amplifiers (10%).

9.10. ORGANIZATIONS WORKED IN THE COMMINITY There were five organizations in this community. Their humanitarian intervention was good but not at the required level, but it helped many members of society to cover many needs . The organizations that worked in the community are YRCS(5%) UNICEF (10%),Oman charitable organization(35%),Al- sabil foundation(15%) and Emirates red crescent(15%).

9.11. HEALTH CAMPAIGNS IMPLEMENTED IN THE COMMUNITY Health Campaigns that included targeted areas are mobile campaigns, which are immunization (36%), polio (7%), Cholera (7%), Measles (7%), tetanus (7%) and Mosquito control (14%). 63

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

9.12. SOCIAL MAPS At the end of the work, the community drew up a map of the target area, identifying weaknesses and capacities, including trends, symbols and colors used.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

10. QISHN DISTRICT

Qishn is a coastal town in Al Mahrah Governorate, seat of Qishn District in southern Yemen. It is located at around 15°25′22″N 51°40′53″E. It has a landing strip, which is currently not in use. The District of Qishn is one of the districts of the province of Al-Mahra as well as the historical capital of the province, one of the largest districts in the province and among the important districts in the province and is currently the second district. The Qishn district is strategically located. All directions except the sea are surrounded by mountain ranges. They are fortified from all directions. The Syhut District is located on its eastern border by the Huswin District and from the west. The Gishn distric is characterized by the Pacific Ocean and pure natural cleanliness that comes from the Arabian Sea at various times from early morning to late at night. A beautiful atmosphere characterizes the summer season, autumn season with misty weather and spring season with mild weather and cold weather in the winter. Qishn is rich in its wealth of marine life, including crustaceans, squid, and other fish species. In the fall season, squid is caught, which comes in very large quantities in the same season. In one of these seasons, the fishermen come from various governorates of the republic to hunt them in the District and then come another season to catch the limes, rattles and other seasons are catching all the different fish. Some believe that the District of Qishn of the richest districts of the Republic in terms of per capita income and standard of living of the population as the per capita income in the District exceeds one thousand US dollars per month and that the largest dealers in the province are from the District.The people of Qishn care about raising cattle, particularly camels, cows and sheep. These animals, especially camels, are grown in Arabic and Arab culture, as they provide milk. These camels are characterized by their large size and abundant milk.

10.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

HH FAMILY MALE FEMALE TOTAL MAKIB 83.3 73.1 302.6 248.2 550.8 SALOUL 100.3 98.6 346.8 261.8 608.6 SLALAH 108.8 98.6 300.9 297.5 598.4 HAI AL-SHAAB 409.7 610.3 1779.9 1371.9 3151.8

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

10.2. LEVEL OF EDUCATION The rate of education in the district for males was (76%) while females were (76%). Number of schools in the District (12) schools for males and (12) for females. There is a small number of teachers in Qishn and there are no teachers in secondary schools for female in Qishn. The most important reasons for the drop out of schools for male are poverty (40%), ignorance (20%), military (20%) and immigration (20%). In addition, the most important reasons for the drop out of schools for female are poverty (25%), early marriage (50%), and immigration (25%)

10.3. HEALTH The number of diseases prevalent in the community constitute a great burden for community because the health centers are very few and almost none in the most areas in addition to the lack of health workers there and the prevalence of diseases is diarrhea(22%),malaria(8%),infections(15%),measles(10%)respiratory diseases(20%),injured in traffics(15%) and fever(10%). It is clear that there are factors and causes that help in the spread and sustainability of diseases in the community unless intervention to stop and address these causes, the most important of which is mosquito (48%), water contamination (15%), food contamination (15%), open sewage (7%) and climate change (15%). 10.4. FOOD SECURITY One of the most important factors affecting the community is malnutrition, which was the result of extreme poverty of the local community. The percentage of malnourished mothers is 10% and rate of breast-feeding in mother is 62%, which lead to malnutrition for children (3%) and malnutrition for women (4%).The main sources of food in the target areas were found during the survey. It was found that the local community enjoys relatively healthy nutritional factors. It is clear that the society depends on several food sources, mainly grains (32%), Legumes (22%), animals (29%) and vegetables (17%).Since the source of food is a great burden on society, the percentage of purchase from the market (96%) and 4% from local sources.

10.5. ROLES OF COMMUNITY

Women Roles Children Roles Men Roles Employe Nurses e Teaching Sewing 6% 8% Helping 23% 6% Fishing Employee Parents 17% 6% 37% Study Work House Grazing 50% 50% Migiratio Play Working 24% n 13% 35% 17%

Agricultu re 8%

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10.6. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY

30 29 25 25 25 22 19 20

14 15 13

10 7 7 6 6 4 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 First Aid Computer Nursing Decoration Electricity Midwifery Coiffure Sewing Embroidery Skills Cabling

Men Women

10.7. WASH

Water Resources 64 36

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Water Wells Water Trucking

potable Water 71 29

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Potable water Not Potable Water

10.8. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY MEMBERS One of the reasons for the deterioration of the health of the individual is the lack of personal hygiene, which is mainly related to the availability of water for bathing, and during the survey, found that the rate of hygiene reached an unsatisfactory level where 15% of community take shower weekly, 64% take shower monthly, and 21% take shower in different time. One of the causes of common diseases in society, which is one of the reasons for lack of attention to clean hands after the bath, where the percentage of neglect of washing hands, 20%, which in turn lead to disastrous results in the health of society. It is known that the main cause of the spread of diseases is a lack of awareness of the hygiene of the community, where half the community (50%) throw their household waste and sewage waste in the vicinity of homes, and the remnants of markets are thrown in the roads(33%),valley(34%) and sea(33%), causing them many diseases.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

10.9. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING 10.9.1. HAZARDS

Perceived Hazards 100 80 62 60 40 13 13 12 Respondants 20

0 Damaged Septic tanks Flood Damaged Electricity Random shelf of marine life Network Hazards Menstioned

During the hazard analysis of the community. Several hazards threaten the security and life of the community. The most important of which are the floods, the random shelf of marine life, damaged sewage tanks, damaged electricity networks, etc. The following graph shows the types of hazards there.

10.9.1.1. SALOUL HAZARDS

1. Most members of the community depend on the water of wells, which is not drinking water due to the effects of pollution surrounding the source of water, which led to the spread of diarrhea and diseases and viral fever 2. The prevalence of diarrhea among the population groups. 3. A number of houses were destroyed by cyclone Luban, whose residents need shelter and food 4. The floods have destroyed the water wells that benefit the area. 5. The destruction of a large number of sewage tanks became exposed 6. Black cockroaches have spread very widely in homes and are now in need of a campaign to combat the crackdown. 7. The collapse of the sewage network, as well as the destruction of the sewage tanks. 8. Clogged waterways, which led to the return of the flood into the residential neighborhoods and the loss of many families’ household tools. 9. The floods washed away the soil from different areas into the interior especially the light soil that led to the spread of dust significantly. 10. The emergence of a new gorge from the sea to the east of the area of Huswin because of floods, which led to the entry of sea water to residential areas after the destruction of the road and this will pose a great danger in the summer time because the level of sea water usually rise in the summer. 11. Mosquitoes spread very significantly 12. Food poisoning 13. Viral Fever 14. Electricity and low wires 15. Flooding

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10.9.1.2. AL-SHA'AB SQUARE HAZARDS 1. Most people in the Salalah area depend on drinking water for drinking and cooking, which is usually exposed and unsuitable for drinking because of the surrounding pollutants and the mixing of sewage water. This causes them many diseases such as diarrhea and kidneys and increase the percentage of salts. 2. Al-Sha'ab square suffers from the mixing of sewage with the water of wells used for washing 3. Prevalence of malnutrition among women by 5% and among children by 7% according to the statistics of the hospital in Qishn Central 4. Prevalence of diarrhea among children 5. Garbage accumulation in most neighborhoods and markets of the city 6. The spread of respiratory diseases during the winter and fall season which comes in the month of 7, 8 and 9 7. The spread of the cesban tree on the floodwaters as well as the farms, which blocked the floodwaters as well as the gathering of harmful reptiles such as (snakes - scorpions) and the elimination of agricultural land 8. Overfishing and the indiscriminate shelf of marine life, leading to the death of marine life, the decline of fish production in the district and the extinction of some species of fishing 9. Al-Sha'ab square suffers from the problem of floods that pass through the middle of the city and divide the area in half 10. Random linkage of electricity 11. Several houses were destroyed by cyclone luban. 12. The hospitals of Qishn Hospital as well as outpatient clinics were destroyed and the hospital became almost paralyzed due to the collapse of medical equipment and equipment. 13. Black cockroaches have spread very dramatically in homes and are now in need of an anti-crackdown campaign. 14. Floods caused by luban cyclone have washed away some agricultural land and affected farmers. 15. The existence of a large swamp of water, where emptying the sewage tanks that pose a danger to the residents of the neighborhood. 16. The spread of malaria significantly 17. Citizens need food and shelter after their household items are damaged due to flooding. 10.9.1.3. SALALAH HAZARDS

1. Most people in Salalah and June 9 depend on drinking water for drinking and cooking, which is usually exposed and unfit for drinking because of the surrounding pollutants and the mixing of sewage water. This causes them many diseases such as diarrhea and kidneys and increase the proportion of salts. 2. Prevalence of malnutrition The prevalence of malnutrition among women by 3% and among children by 4% 3. Viral Fever 4. Prevalence of diarrhea among children 5. The accumulation of garbage and animal waste in the area 6. The spread of respiratory diseases during the winter and fall season which comes in the month of 7, 8 and 9 7. Proliferation of septic tanks exposed 8. Black cockroaches have spread very widely in homes and are now in need of a campaign to combat the crackdown. 9. Floods washed off the farms along the asphalt line in the entire area of March 2.

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10. The work of the flood on the filling of all the wells in the farms of the neighborhood of March 2 as well as the disruption of water pumps. 11. There are no outlets for water because of the accumulation of dust and hurricane residues in the neighborhood and in each city Qishn If there is a torrent again will remain locked in residential neighborhoods because of the lack of ports to cross the sea, especially within the residential neighborhoods. 12. Fishermen lost a large number of fishing tools as well as a number of boats and fishing nets were destroyed and disrupted by the Luban Cyclone. 13. Typhoid spread more after Luban cyclone 10.9.2. CAPACITY Among the strengths and capabilities of this community are low costs of improving water quality and community cooperation. A large number of young people are able to interact in several areas, including mosquito control. There is a strong desire for girls and boys to continue education and a health center is available in the region. There are also a number of graduates of health institutes. A qualified Red Crescent team is also available. There are also schools where different guidelines can be directed. As well as community cooperation. Laws are in place to prohibit overfishing and segregation. More than one fish cooperative is available in the community. There are also mosques, hotels and shopping centers.

10.10. EARLY WARNING Currently, the community in Qishn uses the traditional method of firing in the air as a means of early warning (43%) and use SMS (60%) as a new method of early warning.

10.11. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS There were four organizations in this community. Their humanitarian intervention was good but not at the required level, but it helped many members of society to cover many needs . The organizations that worked in the community are UNICIF(16%) ,Oman charity(50%),Emarates red crescent(17%) ,and ksrelief(17%).

10.12. HEALTH CAMPAIGNS Health Campaigns that included targeted areas are mobile campaigns, which included measles(8%), cholera(15%), polio(23%) ,diphtheria(5%) ,tetanus(8%), mosquito control(8%),Dysentery (1%) and immunization(38%).

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

10.13. SOCIAL MAPS At the end of the work, the community drew up a map of the target area, identifying weaknesses and capacities, including trends, symbols and colors used.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

11. AMRAN DISTRICT

The District is located northwest of the capital Sana'a and is about 42 km away. It is located in the middle of the southern part of Amran governorate, below the plateau, which extends south to Hamadan. It is bordered to the south by Wadi Jazmir Najar, Ayyal Sarih Thala and from the west the mountains of Imran, Jabal al-Darb, Najjar, Hajz Amran, and the Almakhath. On the north side is Mount Jinnat and behind it the District of Mount Yazid and east villages and the sub- district of the district of Ayal Sarih.The District includes the sub-district of Ashmour, which is geographically separated from the center of the district 25-35km westward and sub-district Ashmour from the south and south-west of the mountains of Mesour and the factories and Zafen (Thala) and from the west district Kahlan M / Hajjah and north villages of the district of Alsoud Kahlan as bordered by the East The villages of Ayyal Sarih District.The area of the District of Amran (132 km2) is distributed over agricultural and pastoral areas, rocky areas and urban areas.

11.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

HH FAMILY MALE FEMALE TOTAL THOULA CITY 193 343 1,173 1,159 2,332 KOSHR 91 93 445 407 852 BAIT HIBAH 56 72 258 262 520 ALGOULAH 0 0 0 0 0 BANI ALSALFI 27 31 141 129 270 ALQIMAH 101 95 440 426 866 ALMASSANA 47 35 133 147 280 BAIT ALRABOUAI 71 78 321 312 634 BANI AQIF 0 0 0 0 0

11.2. EDUCATION LEVEL Note that the illiteracy rate among males (37%) and females (65%) in this community; this is due to the low number of schools for girls and drop out of school because of poverty and ignorance.The number of teachers in the area is 476. There is also a scarcity of teachers at the intermediate level for female students. Comparison of the average number of secondary school students with the students of the basic stage shows that there is a high gap and this confirms the 72

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following :The reluctance of some students to continue their education and leave some students education because their parents could not pay the cost of education to look for young people to work to earn a living and help their parents, early marriage, burdens, and responsibilities, which led to an increase in the dropout rate for the reasons mentioned above. High poverty, labor, agriculture, off-road, distance to school, lack of teachers, lead to school dropout among male students. The results of the survey showed that the high rate of early marriage, poverty and work lack of high school and lack of teachers led to the drop-out of schools among female students.

11.3. HEALTH There is a shortage of health workers in Amran area for male doctors (12%), female doctors (11%), nurses (13%), midwives (0) and lack of health centers. There is a clear rise in the number of diarrheal cases (4056) due to open ponds, sewers and mosquitoes. There is also a rise in respiratory diseases (4959) especially during the winter. There is also a rise in cases of poisoning (1379), measles, cholera, smallpox, mumps, typhoid, and cases of road traffic injuries.

11.4. FOOD SECURITY According to the results of the survey, the percentage of maternal malnutrition (5.7%) and nursing mothers (12.8%), who cause malnutrition among children, decreased from four to 24 months (30%). The survey also showed that the local community in Amran governorate lacks the factors that promote health. It is clear that the society depends on cereals (71%), Legumes (14%), animals (7%) and vegetables.The results of the survey showed that 72% of the food sources in Amran District are from the markets while 28% come from local sources.

11.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR

Subject Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Rain season L L L L L A A L Crop cultivation L L A A L L Land preparation - reclamation terraces L A L L L L L L L Sowing season L A L L harvest L L L A L Livestock breeding L L L L L L L L L L L L Milk production Sale of animals L L L L Diseases of animals L L L L Buy bees L Sell bees Honey Season L L L L L L L Working season A L L L L L L L A A A A In the farm (field) L L L L L L L L L L L Outside the farm L L L L L L L Labor migration L L L L L L Buy food L L L L High food prices L L L L L prices drop L L L Periods of diseases (malaria - diarrhea) A L Coding: L=Low, A=Average, P=Peak

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11.6. INCOME SOURCES

Migiration Income Source 4%

Agriculture Daily Wages 33% 44%

Grazing 15%

Small Busines 4%

11.7. COPING STRATEGIES According to the results of the survey, the coping strategies in this community are as a follows:

Coping Strategies

Migration 4 Reduction of agricultural production expenditure 6 Search for work alternatives 14 Sale of production inputs or sources of income 10 Begging 1 Children out of school 8 Reduce meals for the whole family 9 Reduce meals for Adults 10 Borrowing 15 Sale of property or furniture 10

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

According to survey findings, 87% of Amran community people own homes while 13% of community rent homes.

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11.8. COMMUNITY ROLES

Children Roles Men Roles Women Roles Grazzing Raising Work Sheep Bring Children Collecting Raising 18% 12% Firewood Water Children 4% 12% 6% 19% Harvesting Work Shopping 3% Study 40% 4% Water 47% Agriculture Bringing 25% Agriculture Sewing 19% Livestock 40% Breeding 19% 19% Grazing Sheep 13%

11.9. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY

45 39 40 37 35 30 25 21 25 18 20 12 12 15 9 8 6 10 3 4 5 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 First Aid Nursing Computer Skills Midwifery Handcraft Sewing Microfinance Football Mobile Engineering Men Women

11.10. WASH

Water Resources 15 9 17 59

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Water Projects Water Wells Water Springs Water Pools

potable Water 65 35

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Potable water Not Potable Water

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

Water Transportation Water Trucking 17%

Women 25% Other 50% Girls 14% Animals 33% Boys 11%

The results of the survey showed that 66% of community take shower weekly, 22% take shower monthly and 12% take shower at different times. 11.11. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY The results of the survey showed that 22% of the population of the community wash their hands after leaving the bathroom and 78% do not comply, which may cause health risks with the members of the community. The survey results show that 38% of household waste, 14% of sewage waste and 50% of general waste are dumped into valleys, which can be a major source of various mosquito-borne diseases and epidemics. . While 62% of household waste, 27% of sewage waste and 50% of general waste are dumped in nearby areas, a major source of disease and epidemics, transmitted by mosquitoes and flies.

11.12. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING 11.12.1. HAZARDS

Perceived Hazards 100

80 57 60

40 Respondants 20 15 14 9 5 0 Flood Rockfall Contaminated Water Sewage Cement Factory Hazards Mentioned

During the risk analysis in the district, there are many hazards that threaten the security and life of the community, the most important of which are floods, contaminated water, sewage, rock rocks, cement factory, etc. The following graph shows hazard levels there.

1. Rock falls, causing homes to collapse, deaths, water sources, livestock deaths, property damage and roadblocks.

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2. Contaminated water, citizens suffer from contaminated and dangerous water, which is a major source of vector disease 3. The floods cause disruption of electricity and communications services and road interruptions caused house demolitions, agricultural landslides, human and animal casualties, and displacement of residents of the territories internally and externally 4. Sewage Health causes a health hazard for community members 5. Amran cement factory 11.12.2. CAPACITY One of the strengths and capabilities of this society is the availability of large areas that can be cultivated and produce on agricultural products that improve the livelihoods of the community. There are also health centers and health centers that provide community health services. Water projects, water networks and water wells are available. In addition, there are schools, mosques and government facilities.

11.13. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS There were nine humanitarian organizations in the community. Their intervention was good, but not at the required level, but it helped a lot in the community. The organizations that worked in the community are WFP (25%), NEC (2%), CARE (21%), YRCS (12%), WHO (7%), BENA Foundation (14%), UNICEF (2%), NDP Center (13%), and ALHAYAT center (4%).

11.14. HEALTH CAMPAIGNS Many health campaigns have been carried out in this community, which included Health awareness (9%), measles (10%), cholera (22%), polio (11%), diphtheria (5%), schistosomiasis (2%), dysentery (1%), and immunization (40%).

11.15. EARLY WARNING The community relies primarily on traditional means as a means of early warning in case of danger. It depends on shooting (42%) as early warning method, SMS (26%) and amplifiers (10%).

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

11.16. SOCIAL MAPS At the end of the work, the community drew up a map of the target area, identifying weaknesses and capacities, including trends, symbols and colors used.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

12. RAYDAH DISTRICT

The city of Raydah is located to the east of Amran city at 22 kilometers thereof. The city of Raydah is known as Raydat Al bawn, in connection with Kaa El Bawn at the west of the city. Raydah is a well-known name. Raydah is an ancient name

12.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

HH FAMILY MALE FEMALE TOTAL DIFFAN 599 622 3,060 2,889 5,949 SUMAIN 172 192 855 941 1,796 BIT ALHAMMOUDI 142 142 550 573 1,124 BAIT ALMANTSAR 238 234 1,216 1,147 2,363 SHIP DIFFAN 195 195 997 902 1,900 AQBAT 100 97 410 364 773 WIALAH 178 165 727 718 1,445 BAIT ALNAJAR 0 0 0 0 0

12.2. EDUCATION Results of the survey showed illiteracy rate among females in this district is high (85%) and the illiteracy rate among males is high (47%).The result of VCA survey showed that the number of female schools is approaching the number of male schools in all secondary, intermediate and primary levels. The result of VCA survey showed that high incidence of poverty, ignorance, lack of teachers, lack of books, early marriage, work and leads to drop out of school among male and female student.

12.3. HEALTH CAPACITY There is a shortage of health staff in the District for male doctors (2), female doctors (3), male nurses (5) and female nurses (6).There is a clear rise in the number of cases of diarrhea (5747) due to open ponds, sewers and mosquitoes; there is a rise in respiratory diseases (5998) especially during the winter and there is a rise in poisoning (394), cholera, and ameba. 79

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

12.4. FOOD SECURITY According to the survey results, we note the high malnutrition in mothers (13%), the low rate of breast-feeding mother (24%) which cause malnutrition diseases in children (20%) and causes malnutrition diseases in women (60%). The results showed that the community in Raydeh area lacks health promotion factors. It is clear that the community depends mainly on cereals (68%), legumes (12%), animals (10%) and vegetables (10%).The results of the survey showed that 79% of the food sources in the Raydeh district are from the markets while 21% comes from local sources.

12.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR

Subject Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Rain season L A A A A A L L Crop cultivation L L L L A A L L L Land preparation - reclamation terraces A L L L L L L A A Sowing season L L L L L L L harvest L L L L A A L Livestock breeding A A A A A A A A A A A A Milk production L L L L L L L L L L L L Sale of animals L L A A L L Diseases of animals L Buy bees Sell bees Honey Season L L L L L L L Working season A A A A A A A A A A A A In the farm (field) L L L L L L L L L L Outside the farm L L L L L L L Labor migration L Buy food L L L L High food prices L L L L L A A L L L L L prices drop Periods of diseases (malaria - diarrhea) L L A A A L L Coding: L=Low, A=Average, P=Peak 12.6. INCOME SOURCES

Income Source Migiration 3%

Agriculture Daily Wages 34% 40% Grazing 23%

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12.7. COMMUNITY ROLES

Women Roles Children Roles Men Roles Collecting Work Water Grazing Firewood 5% Bring 5% Work 10% 22% 20% Work Livestock Study 30% Breeding 37% 10% Agricultur e Bring Home Agricultur 15% Water Work e 30% 11% 75% Agricult Grazing ure Sheep 11% 19%

12.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY

50 44 45 40 35 29 30 25 19 18 20 13 14 13 13 15 9 10 4 6 6 6 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 First Aid Nursing Handcraft Language Computer Skills Football Sewing Midwifery Embroidery Men Women

12.9. COPING STRATEGIES According to the results of the survey, the coping strategies in this community are as a follows:

Coping Strategies

Migration 2 Reduction of agricultural production expenditure 6 Search for work alternatives 14 Sale of production inputs or sources of income 8 Begging 1 Children out of school 3 Reduce meals for the whole family 12 Reduce meals for Adults 5 Borrowing 17 Sale of property or furniture 12

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

According to survey findings, 83% of Raydah community people own homes while 17% of community rent homes.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

12.10. WASH

Water Resources 9 43 4 45

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Water Projects Water Wells Water Eyes Water Pools

potable Water 81 19

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Potable water Not Potable Water

Water Transportation

Water Trucking 8%

Women Other 42% 59% Animals 33% Girls 10%

Boys 7%

The results of the survey showed that 57% of community taking shower weekly,22% taking shower monthly and 21% taking shower on another time; 12.11. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY The results of the survey showed that 64% of the population of the community wash their hands after leaving the bathroom and 36% do not comply, which may cause health risks with the members of the community. The results of the survey showed that 90% of the household waste and 27% of the general waste is dumped in the residential neighborhoods, 10% of the household waste, 18% of the sewage waste and 73% of the general waste is thrown into the valley that causes diseases by mosquitoes and the flies.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

12.12. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING 12.12.1. HAZARDS

Perceived Hazards 100 80 60 27 40 23 19 15 20 4 4 4 4

Respondants 0 Contaminated Rockfall Flood Water Scarcity Sewage Uncovered Pool Car Accidents Garbage Water Water Hazards Mentioned

1. Rock falls, causing homes to collapse, deaths, water sources, livestock deaths, property damage and roadblocks. 2. Contaminated water, citizens suffer from contaminated and dangerous water, which is a major source of vector disease. 3. The floods cause disruption of electricity and communications services and road interruptions caused house demolitions, agricultural landslides, human and animal casualties, and displacement of residents of the territories internally and externally 4. Sewage Health causes a health hazard for community members 5. Water scarcity 6. Uncovered pool water 7. Garbage 8. Car Accidents 12.12.2. CAPACITY One of the strengths and capabilities of this community is the availability of large areas that can be grown and produced for agricultural products that improve the livelihoods of the community. There are also health centers and health centers offering community health services. Water projects, water systems and water wells are available. In addition, there are asphalt lines and easy access to the area. There are schools, mosques, government facilities, close markets and dams.

12.13. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS There were nine humanitarian organizations in the district. Their intervention was good, but not at the required level, but it helped a great deal in the local community. The organizations that worked in the area are YRCS (7%), DRC (30%), UNICEF (13%), Save Children (14%), WFP (3%), NEC (3%), international bank (3%), Social fund for development (13%).

12.14. HEALTH CAMPAIGNS Many health campaigns have been carried out in this community, which included measles(3%), cholera(44%), polio(30%) ,diphtheria(3%) ,tuberculosis and immunization(17%). 12.15. EARLY WARNING SYSTEM The community relies mainly on traditional means as a means of early warning in the event of risk as it depends on the shooting fire (63%) as early warning method then SMS (19%) and amplifiers (5%).

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

12.16. SOCIAL MAPS At the end of the work, the community drew up a map of the target area, identifying weaknesses and capacities, including trends, symbols and colors used.

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

13. DHI BIN DISTRICT

Dhi Bin District is located in the north-east of Amran province and away from the provincial capital, about 37 km and the capital Sanaa, about 94 km, located in the northern end of Amran water basin, bordered on the north Harf Sufian, and from the south Kharef district, and from the east Arhab district of Sana'a province, and West of Madriti Kharam, Beni Shereem. The district includes 61 villages, which constitute three sub-districts: Beni Jabr, Sufian, Marhaba.

The area of the District of Thi bin is about 340 square kilometers, and occupies eighth place at the level of Amran governorate in terms of area.

13.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

HH FAMILY MALE FEMALE TOTAL AIAL QASIEM 12 15 56 46 102 ALSHOUTBH 0 0 0 0 0 ALHIAT 59 88 293 300 593 BAIT DIGGAR 15 15 81 68 148 BAIT SOULIMAN 14 17 49 67 115

13.2. EDECATION LEVEL The results of the survey showed that the illiteracy rate among females in this district is high (44%) and the illiteracy rate among males is high (38%). The results of the VCA survey showed that there were 34 schools in the community. There is also a shortage of teachers in secondary schools and middle schools. The results of the VCA survey showed that high rates of poverty, labor, lack of teachers and early marriage lead to school dropout among students.

13.3. HEALTH There is a shortage of health staff in the District for male doctors (5), no female doctors, male nurses (15) and female nurses (9) work in 10 public health center and two private center. There is a clear rise in the number of cases of diarrhea

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

(3565) due to open ponds, sewers and mosquitoes; there is a rise in respiratory diseases (2776) especially during the winter and there is a rise in poisoning (555), cholera, measles (291), smallpox, kidney infections, mumps, malaria, schistosomiasis and ameba.

13.4. FOOD SECURITY According to the survey results, we note the high malnutrition in mothers (15%), the low rate of breast-feeding mother (25%) which cause malnutrition diseases in children (45%) and causes malnutrition diseases in women (65%). The results of the survey showed that the local community in the Thi Bin area lacks health promotion factors. It is clear that the community depends on cereals (72%), legumes (11%), animals (9%) and vegetables. (8%).The results of the survey showed that 98% of the food sources in Dhi Bin District are from the markets while 2% come from local sources.

13.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR

Subject Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Rain Season L A A L L L L Crop Cultivation L L L L L L L Land Preparation - Reclamation Terraces L L L L L L L L L Sowing Season L L Harvest L A Livestock Breeding L L L A A A A A A L L L Milk Production L L L L L L L L L L L L Sale Of Animals L L L L L Diseases Of Animals L L L L L L L L L L Buy Bees Sell Bees Honey Season Working Season L L L L L L L L L L L L In The Farm (Field) L L L L L L L L L L Outside The Farm L L L L L L L Labor Migration L L L L Buy Food L High Food Prices L L L L L L L Prices Drop Periods Of Diseases (Malaria - Diarrhea) L L L

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

13.6. INCOME SOURCE

Small Business Income Source 6%

Daily Wages 28% Agriculture 33% Grazing 33%

13.7. COMMUNITY ROLES

Women Roles Children Roles Men Roles Wood Homework Collecting Work 3% 16% 8% Work Water 5% Work Bring Water Bring Study 31% Livestock 21% 12% Breeding 47% 7% House Work Agricultur 21% Agriculture Grazing e Grazing 13% Sheep 62% Sheep 17% Grazing 16% Collecting 5% Firewood 5% Shopping Agriculture 2% 9% 13.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY

40 34 35 33 33

25 21 20 15 15 13 11 10 9 10 8 6 4 5 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 First Aid Nursing English Computer Skills Midwifery Sewing Embroidery Handcraft Pharmacy Language

Men Women

13.9. COPING STRATEGIES According to the results of the survey, the coping strategies in this community are as a follows:

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

Coping Strategies

Migration 2 Reduction of agricultural production expenditure 6 Search for work alternatives 8 Sale of production inputs or sources of income 9 Begging 0 Children out of school 5 Reduce meals for the whole family 7 Reduce meals for Adults 4 Borrowing 11 Sale of property or furniture 5 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

According to survey findings, 93% of Dhi Bin community people own homes while 7% of community rent homes .

13.10. WASH

Water Resources 84 10 2 6

75 80 85 90 95 100

Water Projects Water Wells Water Eyes Water Pools

potable Water 65 35

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Potable water Not Potable Water

Water Transportation Pipeline Water Trucking 2% 7%

Women 34% Other 55% Animals Girls 36% 11%

Boys 10%

The results of the survey showed that 62% of community taking shower weekly,23% taking shower monthly and 15% taking shower on another time;

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

13.11. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY The results of the survey showed that 53% of the population of the community wash their hands after leaving the bathroom and 47% do not adhere to this, which can cause health risks to the members of society. The results of the survey showed that 88% of household waste, 39% of sewage waste and 13% of general waste are dumped in residential neighborhoods. While 12% of household waste, 10% of sewage waste and 87% of general waste are dumped in the valley. . 13.12. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING 13.12.1. HAZARDS

Perceived Hazards 100

50 28 24 21 18 9

Respondants 0 Rockfall Water Scarcity Flood Contaminated Water Sewage Hazards Mentioned

1. Rock falls, causing homes to collapse, deaths, water sources, livestock deaths, property damage and roadblocks. 2. Contaminated water, citizens suffer from contaminated and dangerous water, which is a major source of vector disease 3. The floods cause disruption of electricity and communications services and road interruptions caused house demolitions, agricultural landslides, human and animal casualties, and displacement of residents of the territories internally and externally 4. Water scarcity 5. Sewage water 13.12.2. CAPACITY One of the strengths and capabilities of this society is the availability of large areas that can be cultivated and produce on agricultural products that improve the livelihoods of the community. There are also health centers and health centers that provide community health services. Water, water and water wells are available. Asphalt roads are available, and schools, mosques and government facilities are available.

13.13. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS There were nine humanitarian organizations in the district. Their intervention was good, but not at the required level, but it helped a great deal in the local community. The following diagram shows the organizations that worked in the area and the percentage of their participation

13.14. HEALTH CAMPAIGNS Many health campaigns have been carried out in this community, which included measles(3%),cholera(22%),polio(28%) ,diphtheria(14%) ,malaria(3%),tetanus(3%),schistosomiasis(5%) and immunization(22%).

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

13.15. EARLY WARNING The community relies mainly on traditional means as a means of early warning in the event of risk as it depends on the shooting fire (54%) as early warning method then SMS (26%), fire warning (9%) and amplifiers (5%). 13.16. SOCIAL MAPS At the end of the work, the community drew up a map of the target area, identifying weaknesses and capacities, including trends, symbols and colors used

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

14. THULA DISTRICT

The District of Thala is located in the southwestern part of the governorate center of Amran, about 21 km to the northwest of the city of Sana'a, the capital of the Yemen and about 45 km away. The center of the District is located on latitude (34 ° 15 ° N) and longitude (43.45 ° E).In addition, the number of sub-district in this district is six, the number of villages is 57, the area of the district is 172.5 square km, and the rate of growth in this district is 2.5. The center of the district is reached via the asphalt road (21 km) from the governorate center of Amran and via the asphalt road (45 km) from the capital Sana'a. The total area suitable for agriculture in the district (3633 ha), of which (2933 ha) planted grain crops 14.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

14.2. EDUCATION LEVEL There are 50 schools in the area (39 primary schools) and (11) primary / secondary schools distributed in the district's sub-districts. Results of the survey showed illiteracy rate among females in this district is (38%) and the illiteracy rate among males is (33%). There is a shortage of female teachers in primary and middle school girls and middle schools for males. There is a drop out of schools for students mainly because of poverty, work, lack of teachers and early marriage

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

14.3. HEALTH CAPACITY The district has 13 health facilities, including one hospital, two health centers, eight basic health units and two temporary health units with 3 male doctor, no female doctor, 16 male nurses, 8 female nurses and no midwife. There is a prevalence of diarrheal diseases (800 case), respiratory diseases (5040 case), and measles (160 case), and cholera, malaria, malnutrition and kidney infections.

14.4. FOOD SECURITY According to the survey results, we note the high malnutrition in mothers (15%), the low rate of breast-feeding mother (36%) which cause malnutrition diseases in children (20%) and causes malnutrition diseases in women (60%). The results of the survey showed that the local community in the District of Thula lacks health-promoting factors, as it became clear that the society depends on grain (73%) ,Legumes(11%), animals(9) and vegetables(7%). The results of the survey also showed that 81% of the food sources in Thula District are from the markets while 19% come from local sources.

14.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR

Subject Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Rain season A A A A A Crop cultivation L A A A L L L L Land preparation - reclamation terraces L A A L A A Sowing season L L A L L harvest L L A A L Livestock breeding L L L L L L L L L L L L Milk production L L L L L L L Sale of animals L L L L Diseases of animals Buy bees Sell bees Honey Season L L Working season L L L L L L L L L L L L In the farm (field) L L A L L L L L L L Outside the farm A L L L L L L L Labor migration Buy food L L L L High food prices L L L L L L L L L L L L prices drop Periods of diseases (malaria - diarrhea) L L L L L L L L Coding: L=Low, A=Average, P=Peak

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

14.6. INCOME SOURCE

Income Source

Agriculture Daily Wages 46% 42%

Grazing 12%

14.7. COMMUNITY ROLES

Women Roles Children Roles Men Roles Collecting Raising Grazing Firewood Children Sheep 15% 15% Agriculture 25% 36% Work Study 25% 46% House Work 25% Bring Water 45% Agriculture 50%

Grazing Sheep 18%

14.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY

45 41 40 36 35 31 30 26 25 22 20 17 14 15 10 4 5 4 5 0 0 0 0 0 First Aid Nursing English Language Microfinance Computer Skills Midwifery Sewing

Men Women

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

14.9. COPING STRATEGIES According to the results of the survey, the coping strategies in this community are as a follows:

Coping strategies

Migration 5 Reduction of agricultural production expenditure 9 Search for work alternatives 15 Sale of production inputs or sources of income 15 Begging 0 Children out of school 2 Reduce meals for the whole family 9 Reduce meals for Adults 8 Borrowing 16 Sale of property or furniture 14

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

According to survey findings, 87% of Thula community people own homes while 13% of community rent homes.

14.10. WASH

Water Resources 17 17 66

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Water Wells Water Eyes Water Pools

potable Water 65 56

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Potable water Not Potable Water

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

Water Transportation Pipeline 2% Water Trucking 8%

Women 39% Other 59% Animals Girls 31% 11%

Boys 9%

The results of the survey showed that 48% of community taking shower weekly,26% taking shower monthly and 26% taking shower on another time; 14.11. HEALTH HYGIENE OF COMMUNITY The results of the survey showed that 59% of the population of the community wash their hands after leaving the bathroom and 41% do not adhere to this, which can cause health risks to the members of society. The results of the survey showed that 90% of household waste, 33% of sewage waste and 66% of general waste are dumped in residential areas, 10% of household waste, 33% of sewage waste and 33% of general waste are thrown into the valley causing diseases through mosquitoes and flies.

14.12. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING 14.12.1. HAZARDS

Perceived Hazards

100 80 60 40 20 40 14 13 13

Respondants 20

0 Rockfall Contaminated Water Flood Sewage Water Scarcity

Hazards Mentioned

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

14.12.2. CAPACITY One of the strengths and capabilities of this society is the availability of health centers and health centers that provide community health services. Water, water and water wells are available. Asphalt roads are available, and schools, mosques and government facilities are available.

14.13. HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS There were six humanitarian organizations in the district. Their intervention was good, but not at the required level, but it helped a great deal in the local community. The organizations that worked in the area are CARE(37%), YRCS(26%), Yemen Women Union(5%), Work Foundation(5%) ,DRC(11%),Social Foundation of development(16).

14.14. HEALTH CAMPAIGNS Many health campaigns have been carried out in this community, which included measles (10%), cholera (26%), polio (15%), cleaning (10%), and immunization (36%). 14.15. EARLY WARNING The community relies mainly on traditional means as a means of early warning in the event of risk as it depends on the shooting fire (32%) as early warning method then SMS (26%) fire warning (14%) and amplifiers (19%). 14.16. SOCIAL MAPS At the end of the work, the community drew up a map of the target area, identifying weaknesses and capacities, including trends, symbols and colors used

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

15. UTMAH DISTRICT

Utmah lies about 35km to the west of Dhamar governorate. The District of Utmah lies within the natural extension of the Al-Sarra mountain range. It is located between the longitudes (43.50 - 44.50), the width (14.21 - 14.35), the distance from the center of Dhamar governorate about 55 km, south of the capital Sanaa, about (155 km), bordered on the north and Mount Anse Dhawran East and Salafi, and the South and Ossab higher, Rehab Alqafr, and from the east Maghreb Ans, and from the west and the Salafist Kusmeh, high Ossab. It has a total area of 441 km2, with an air distance between 232 km and 230 km. The maximum width of the district in its northern and southern borders is 27 km, district include 59 sub-districts and 3280 villages.

15.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

HH FAMILY MALE FEMALE TOTAL YAFFAH 433 410 1,149 1,458 2,607 DHULMAN 57 48 162 169 331 ALHAWADITH 464 463 1,356 1,809 3,165 ALMTBAIH 312 308 1,047 1,074 2,120 RIMAA VALLEY 648 601 1,670 1,972 3,642 15.2. EDUCATION LEVEL The results of survey showed that the literacy rate among male is (70%) and illiteracy rate among females is (25%) in this district; the numbers of schools in this district is 154 school for males and only 1 school for females. There is a gap between the numbers of male and female schools in this community where there is only one female school. Perhaps the most important reasons for the drop out of schools are poverty (30%), early marriage (10%), water bringing and work (30%), old school or lack of school (15%), lack of teachers (15%).

15.3. HEALTH The number of diseases prevalent in society is a great burden on society because the health centers are very few and hardly exist in most areas in addition to the lack of health workers there. There was a significant increase in the number of diarrheal cases (31.43%), infections (15.71%), schistosomiasis (1.43%), cholera (4.29%) typhoid (10%), smallpox (2.86) 5.71%), worms (2.86%) and malaria (21.43%).It is clear that there are factors and causes that help in the spread and sustainability of diseases in the district unless intervention to stop and address these causes, the most important of which: open-pools(9.09%), contaminated water(40 %), mosquito(7.27), personal cleanness(1.82%), flies(10.91%), 99

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

contaminated foods(14.55%), climate(10.91%) and sewage(5.45).Health campaigns in the area that included the target areas are the mobile immunization campaign - cholera campaign - measles.

One of the most important factors affecting the health of individuals in society is malnutrition and the result of extreme poverty in the community. The percentage of mothers who suffer from malnutrition is 73.75% and the proportion of mothers who breastfeed is 86.79%, a very serious indicator of its direct link to malnutrition of children (71.9%) and female malnutrition (28.1%).

15.4. FOOD SECURITY The results of the survey showed that the local community in the District of Utmah lacks health-promoting factors, as it became clear that the society depends on grain (90%) mainly, vegetables (1%), animals (6%) and Legumes (3%) because of extreme poverty and agricultural diseases. The results of the survey showed that 87% of the food sources in District of Utmah are from the markets while 13% come from local sources.

15.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR

Subject Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Rain season A P P P A A L Crop cultivation L A P P A L L L Land preparation - reclamation terraces A A P A L Sowing season A A A L L harvest A P L Livestock breeding A A A A P P P P A A A A Milk production A A A A A A A A A A A A Sale of animals A A A A A A A A A A A A Diseases of animals L L L L L L L L L A A A Buy bees L Sell bees Honey Season L L L L Working season A A A A P A A A A A L L In the farm (field) L A A A P P A A A A A A Outside the farm A A A A A A A A A A A A Labor migration P A A L L L L L A A A P Buy food L A A High food prices P P P P P P P P P P P P prices drop Periods of diseases (malaria - diarrhea) L L A A P P P A A L L L Coding: L=Low, A=Average, P=Peak

100

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15.6. INCOME SOURCES

Income Source

Beekeeping 2%

Agriculture Daily Wages 33% 31%

Migration Grazing 17% 17%

15.7. COMMUNITY ROLES

Wood Women Roles Collecting Home Children Roles Study Men Roles Work Beekeepin Bring 1% Working 12% 15% g Water Agricultur 6% Playing Caring for 16% 30% e Marketing 11% 22% camels 8% Grazing 8% Water Sheep Livestock Bring 31% Shopping Breeding 34% Bring Collecting 15% 16% Firewood Grazing Water 20% Sheep Agriculture 15% Agriculture 12% 5% 23%

15.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY

50 44 45 38 40 34 35 30 24 25 21 20 15 15 9 11 10 11 10 3 4 4 4 3 5 0 2 2 0 0 0 First Aid Handcraft Midwifery Nursing Embroidery Disaster Computer Health Sewing HouseKeeping management Skills Awareness

Men Women

15.9. COPING STRATEGIES According to the results of the survey, the coping strategies in this community are as a follows:

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Coping Strategies

Migration 24

Reduction of agricultural production expenditure 18

Search for work alternatives 27

Sale of production inputs or sources of income 21

Begging 2

Children out of school 19

Reduce meals for the whole family 29

Reduce meals for Adults 29

Borrowing 33

Sale of property or furniture 29

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

According to survey findings, 85% of Utmah community people own homes while 8% of community rent homes, and 5% of community people living in governmental facility and 2% of community people live in shelters .

15.10. WASH

Water Resources 19 2 46 36

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Water Projects Water Wells Water Eyes Water Pools

potable Water 44 56

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Potable water Not Potable Water

Water Transportation Pipeline 7%

Women Other 25% Animals 42% Girls 51% 6%

Boys 11%

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The results of the survey showed that 49.39% of community taking shower weekly, 45.11% taking shower monthly and 5.50% taking shower on another time. The results of the survey showed that 18% of the population of the community wash their hands after leaving the bathroom and 82% do not adhere to it, which may cause health risks to members of the community. It was noted that the most widespread disease is due to a lack of awareness of hygiene, where a large number of community threw rubbish and sewage near the houses, as well as the remains of dead animals are thrown nearby, causing many diseases.

15.11. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING 15.11.1. HAZARDS

Percieved Hazards 35 30.43 30 28.26 25 20 13.04 15 10.87 8.7 Respondants 10 6.52 5 2.17 0 water pools Floods Earthquakes Rocks Mountains Roads Garbage Hazards Mentioned

During the hazard analysis of the district, several hazards threatened the security and lives of the community, most importantly by valley, roads, garbage, water pools, mountains, rocks, earthquakes. 1. Flooding cause disruption of electricity and communications services and road interruptions caused house demolitions, agricultural landslides, human and animal casualties, and displacement of residents of the territories internally and externally 2. Garbage 3. Roads 4. Water pools 5. Mountains 6. Rocks 7. Earthquakes 103

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

15.11.2. CAPACITY One of the strengths and capabilities of this society is the availability of large areas that can be cultivated and produce on agricultural products that improve the livelihoods of the community. There are also health centers and health centers that provide community health services. Water, water and water wells are available. Asphalt roads are available. In addition, there are schools, mosques, government facilities, squares, shops and a private market. As well as human resources of young people is available. 15.12. ORGANIZATIONS WORKED IN THE DISTRICT There were six humanitarian organizations working in this community. Their humanitarian intervention was good but not at the required level, but it helped many in society to meet many of the needs and The organizations that worked in the community are YRCS(3%),SFD(14%),Save Children(21%),UNICEF(24%) and Islamic Relief (35%). 15.13. SOCIAL MAPS At the end of the field survey, the community developed a map of the target area, identifying weaknesses and capacities, including trends, symbols and colors used.

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16. DHAWRAN DISTRICT

Dhawran District, located in Dhamar governorate, north-west, and the center of the district from the town of Dhamar, approximately 53 kilometers. The area of Dhawran area is 995.2 square km, district include 33 sub-districts and 996 villages.

16.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

HH FAMILY MALE FEMALE TOTAL BANI HAKIM 44 37 85 95 180 BIT ALFAQIH 41 41 141 136 277 KOUMS ALHAQL 139 145 542 667 1,210 LAKAMAT ALSISAI 85 71 258 231 490 AFAR 43 38 115 125 240 BAIT ALQARI 67 60 199 202 400 ARJAZ 102 102 267 329 596 ALMARWN 284 277 960 936 1,896 BIT ALNAHMI 24 18 64 70 133 16.2. EDUCATION LEVEL The results of survey showed that the literacy rate among male is (66%) and literacy rate among females is (34%) in this district; the numbers of schools in this district is 116 school for males and two school for females.There is a gap between the numbers of male and female schools in this community where there is only two female school. Perhaps the most important reasons for the drop out of schools are poverty (30%), water bringing and work (30%), old school or lack of school (20%), lack of teachers (20%).

16.3. HEALTH The number of diseases prevalent in the community and constitute a large burden for community because the health centers are very few and almost none in most areas in addition to the lack of health workers there. There is a clear rise in the number of cases of diarrhea (27.66%) respiratory diseases (17.02%), schistosomiasis (14.89%), typhoid (8.51%), cholera (2.13%), Malaria (17.2%), smallpox (2.13), chronic diseases (2.13 %), leis mania (2.13), kidney diseases (2.13 %), cancer (2.13%) and rash (2.13%).It is clear that there are factors and causes that help in the spread and sustainability of diseases in the district unless intervention to stop and address these causes, the most important of which:open- pools(18.48%),contaminated water (23.68%),mosquito (5.26%),valley (10.56%) personal cleanness(13.16%)

106

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) Report

,flies(13.16%) ,contaminated foods(5.26%) and sewage(10.53%).Health Campaigns implemented in the district that included 100% of targeted areas is the mobile immunization campaign. One of the most important factors affecting the district is malnutrition, which was the result of extreme poverty in the local community. The percentage of malnourished mothers is 67.33% and Ratio of breastfeeding mothers is 86.33%, which has a very serious indicator of its direct correlation with malnutrition for children (61%) and for women 39 %. 16.4. FOOD SECURITY The results of the survey showed that the local community in the District of Dhawran lacks health-promoting factors, as it became clear that the society depends on grain (88%) mainly, vegetables (2%), animals (6%) and Legumes (4%) because of extreme poverty and agricultural diseases. The results of the survey showed that 82% of the food sources in District of Dhawran are from the markets while 18% come from local sources.

16.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR

Subject Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Rain season L A P P P A L Crop cultivation L A A A A Land preparation - reclamation terraces A P A Sowing season L A A L harvest L L L A L Livestock breeding A A A A P P A A A A A A Milk production A A A A A A A A A L L L Sale of animals L L L L A L A L L L L Diseases of animals L L L A L L L L L A Buy bees Sell bees L Honey Season L Working season L L A A A A A A L L L L In the farm (field) A A A A A A A A A A A L Outside the farm L L L L L L L L L L L A Labor migration L L L L L L A Buy food L A L High food prices A A A A A A A A A A A A prices drop L Periods of diseases (malaria - diarrhea) L L L A P P P A L L L Coding: L=Low, A=Average, P=Peak

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16.6. SOURCES OF INCOME

Sources of income Beekeeping 2% Daily Wages Agriculture 21% 35% Grazing 22%

Migration 20%

16.7. COMMUNITY ROLES

Grazing Women Roles Helping Children Roles Men Roles 15% Parents Study Work Employee 15% 6% 22% 4% Livestock Agricultur Expatriate Breeding e 7% 33% 34% Agriculture Bring Grazing 52% Water… Sheep 44% Collecting Firewood 33% 16.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY

50 46 45 40 35 30 25 19 20 20 20 20 16 16 15 13 12 10 8 10 6 5 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 First Aid Veterinary Agricultural Nursing Handcraft Literacy Midwifery Sewing Embroidery Housekeeping Guide

Men Women

16.9. COPING STRATEGIES According to the results of the survey, the coping strategies in this community are as a follows:

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Coping Strategies

Migration 20 Reduction of agricultural production expenditure 21 Search for work alternatives 24 Sale of production inputs or sources of income 18 Begging 0 Children out of school 11 Reduce meals for the whole family 20 Reduce meals for Adults 19 Borrowing 24 Sale of property or furniture 20

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

According to survey findings, 89% of Dharwan community people own homes while 7% of community rent homes and 4% of community people live in shelters.

16.10. WASH

Water Resources 6 10 54 30

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Water Projects Water Wells Water Eyes Water Pools

potable Water 33 67

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Potable water Not Potable Water

Water Transportation

Animals 40% Women 26% Other 47% Girls 13%

Boys Pipeline 8% 13%

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The results of the survey showed that 46.67% of community taking shower weekly,50.67% taking shower monthly and 2.67 % taking shower on another time; The results of the survey showed that 22% of the population of the community wash their hands after leaving the bathroom and 78% do not adhere to this, which can cause health hazards to the members of society. It has been observed that the most widespread disease is due to lack of awareness of hygiene, where a large number of members of the community dumps garbage and sewage near the houses, as well as the remains of dead animals in nearby places, causing many diseases.

16.11. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING 16.11.1. HAZARDS During the risk analysis of the district, several hazards threatened the security and lives of the community, most Perceived Hazards 100 80 60 30 40 25 20 20 10 5 5 5

Respondants 0 Valley Mountain Water pools Water Spoiling Open Septic Distance to water Dam source Hazards Mentioned importantly by valley, water springs. Mountain, open Septic, water pools, distance to water source, dam.

1. Valley which collects flooding that cause disruption of electricity and communications services and road interruptions caused house demolitions, agricultural landslides, human and animal casualties, and displacement of residents of the territories internally and externally 2. Water springs 3. Mountains 4. Open septic 5. Water pools 6. Distance to water source 7. Dam 16.11.2. CAPACITY One of the strengths and capabilities of this community is the availability of large areas that can be grown and produced for agricultural products that improve the livelihoods of the community. There are also health centers and health centers offering community health services. Well water is available and a water project can be repaired. Asphalt roads are available. In addition, there are schools, mosques, government facilities, yards, shops and a private market. As well as human resources for young people is available.

16.12. ORGANIZATIONS WORKED IN THE DISTRICT There were seven organizations in this community. Their humanitarian intervention was good but not at the required level, but it helped a lot in the community in many needs and the organizations that worked in the community are UNICEF (8%), SFD (25%) and Islamic Relief (67).

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16.13. SOCIAL MAPS At the end of the work, the community drew up a map of the target area, identifying weaknesses and capacities, including trends, symbols and colors used.

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17. MAGHREB-ANS DISTRICT

The district of Maghreb Ans is located in the southern part of Dhamar governorate, and is about 50 km away from the center of Dhamar governorate.The district consists of highlands where the height ranges between 1300 to 2800 meters above sea level, and from those highlands Mount Shamar and Mount Chwanaf and Mount Manara and others, and includes the district of a number of valleys, including Wadi Khbaza, Wadi Al-Mahl, Wadi Al-Jour, Wadi Al- Qanoos and others, Isolation on the water of Ghiol, which is available in both the sub-district of Beit al-Haji and Beit al-Jabri and Hessman and Bani Jabr, but the amount of water in them decreased significantly and no longer enough for the needs of the sons of the District.The borders of the district from the north: district of Manar, from the south: district of the desert of the governorate of Ibb, from the east: district of Anas from the governorate of Dhamar and the Department of Yarm from the governorate of Ab, from the west: District of Autma.The area of Maghreb Ans area is 406.3 square km, district include 6 sub-districts and 319 villages. 17.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

HH Family Male Female Total Bani Jabr 88 84 356 331 687 Alhaqb 379 376 1,429 1,304 2,732 Alhajm 43 41 182 162 344 Bit Alshar 54 54 200 186 386 Aljab 45 45 145 153 298

17.2. EDUCATION LEVEL The results of survey showed that the literacy rate among male is (60%) and literacy rate among females is (40%) in this district; the numbers of schools in this district is 100 school for males and 1 school for females.There is a gap between the number of male and female schools in this community where there is only one school for females. Perhaps the most important reasons for the dropout of students in schools are poverty (33.33%), early marriage (23.33%), water fetching (10%), old school or school shortage (20%).

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17.3. HEALTH CAPACITY The number of diseases prevalent in the community is a great burden on society because health centers are very few and hardly exist in most areas in addition to the lack of health workers there. There was a significant increase in the number of diarrheal cases (26.79%), cholera (8.93%), liver (5.63%), schistosomiasis (5.36%), typhoid (3.57%), smallpox (5.36%), Malnutrition (3.57%) and kidney disease (8.93%).It is clear that there are several factors and multiple causes that contribute to the spread of diseases in the community unless intervention is taken to stop and treat these causes. The most important are: sewage (4.76%), contaminated water (30.95%), climate (14.29), Flies (11.90%), mosquitoes (14.29), smoking (4.76), contaminated foods (9.52).Health Campaigns implemented in the district that included targeted areas are the mobile immunization campaign - Cholera-measles campaign. One of the most important factors affecting the district is malnutrition, which was the result of extreme poverty in the local community. The percentage of malnourished mothers is 62% and Ratio of breastfeeding mothers is 59.50%, which has a very serious indicator of its direct correlation with malnutrition for children (59 %) and for women 41 %.

17.4. FOOD SECURITY The results of the survey showed that the local community in the District of Maghreb Ans lacks health-promoting factors, as it became clear that the society depends on grain (84%) mainly, vegetables (5%), animals (5%) and Legumes (6%) because of extreme poverty and agricultural diseases. The results of the survey showed that 78% of the food sources in District of Maghreb Ans are from the markets while 22% come from local sources.

17.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR

Subject Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Rain season L L A A A L Crop cultivation P L L L L Land preparation - reclamation terraces L L L L A L Sowing season P L L harvest A A Livestock breeding A L A L A A A A A L L L Milk production A L L L A A A A L L L L Sale of animals L L L L L Diseases of animals L L L L L A A A Buy bees Sell bees Honey Season L L Working season L L L L L L In the farm (field) A A A A A A A L L Outside the farm L L L L L A A A Labor migration L L L L A L Buy food L High food prices A A A L L L L L L L A A prices drop L L L L L L L Periods of diseases (malaria - diarrhea) L L A A P P L A A L L Coding: L=Low, A=Average, P=Peak

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17.6. SOURCES OF INCOME

Sources of income

Small Business Beekeeping 3% 3%

Agriculture Daily Wages 30% 37%

Migration Grazing 10% 17%

17.7. COMMUNITY ROLES

Women Roles Children Roles Men Roles Livestock Wood migration Breeding Collectin Employee 3% 21% Playing g 8% 5% 5% Bring Study Water Water 23% 29% Bring Work Agriculture Collecting Grazing 30% 35% 54% Firewood Agriculture Sheep 17% 33% 25%

Agriculture 12%

17.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY The training needs of males in this society varied between first aid (42.86%), health care (4.76 %), agriculture (2.38%), building (2.38 %),clear(2.38),hit the needles(2.38%),pharmacy(2.38),rescue(2.38),computer(2.38),welding(2.38), carpentry (4.76%), health and nutrition awareness (11.90%), electricity (2.38%) and nursing (11.90%). The training needs of females in this society varied between first aid (12.31%), nursing (6.15%), literacy (3.08%), coiffure (6.15%), sewing (26.15%), midwifery (20%), embroidery (15.38%), and housekeeping (10.77%).

17.9. COPING STRATEGIES According to the results of the survey, the coping strategies in this community are as a follows:

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Coping Strategies

Migration 20 Reduction of agricultural production expenditure 12 Search for work alternatives 28 Sale of production inputs or sources of income 16 Begging 0 Children out of school 27 Reduce meals for the whole family 19 Reduce meals for Adults 26 Borrowing 34 Sale of property or furniture 28 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

According to survey findings, 92% of MagrebAns community people own homes while 5% of community rent homes, and 3% of community people living in governmental facility.

17.10. WASH

Water Resources 6 2 80 12

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Water Projects Water Wells Water Eyes Water Pools

potable Water 32 68

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Potable water Not Potable Water

Water Transportation

Women 28% Animals Other 50% 50% Girls 12%

Boys 10%

The results of the survey showed that 40.75% of community taking shower weekly,52% taking shower monthly and 7.25% taking shower on another time;

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The results of the survey showed that 10% of the population of the community wash their hands after leaving the bathroom and 90% do not adhere to this, which can cause health risks to the members of society. It was noted that the most important spread of diseases was due to the lack of public hygiene awareness, as a large proportion of society threw garbage and sewage residues near the houses, as well as the residue of dead animals close to them causing many diseases.

17.11. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING 17.11.1. HAZARDS

Perceived Hazards 50

40 35 29 30

20 12 9 Respondants 10 6 6 6

0 Rock falls Floods water spoiling water pools Roads Old Building earthquake Hazards Mentioned

During the risk analysis of the district, several hazards threatened the security and lives of the community, most importantly by flooding ,roads, old buildings, Rock falls, earthquake, water pools, water springs.

1. The flooding cause disruption of electricity and communications services and road interruptions caused house demolitions, agricultural landslides, human and animal casualties, and displacement of residents of the territories internally and externally 2. Old Building 3. Roads 4. Earthquakes 5. Rock falls 6. Water pools 7. Water springs 17.11.2. CAPACITY One of the strengths and capabilities of this community is the availability of large areas that can be grown and produced for agricultural products that improve the livelihoods of the community. There are also health centers and health centers offering community health services. Well water,water springs and water tanks are available and a water project can be repaired. Near to Dhamar –Utmah asphalt roads. In addition, there are schools, mosques, government facilities, yards, shops and a private market. As well as human resources from young people is available.

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17.12. ORGANIZATIONS WORKED IN THE DISTRICT There were six organizations in this community. Their humanitarian intervention was good but not at the required level, but it helped a lot in the community in many needs and the organizations that worked in the community are UNICEF (18%), Islamic Relief (40%), save children (21%), YRCS (6%), SFD (6%) and Rural Development (9%).

17.13. SOCIAL MAPS At the end of the work, the community drew up a map of the target area, identifying weaknesses and capacities, including trends, symbols and colors used.

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18. JAHRAN DISTRICT

Jahran is one of the districts of Dhamar province and is located in the northern direction of Dhamar and the center of the city of Maabar, which is about 30 km from the center of the city of Dhamar and is known for the district of the existence of a large agricultural bottom called the bottom of Jahran is one of the Yemeni bottoms located in the Central Highlands and away from the capital Sanaa about 70 South of Qaa Jahran, is famous for the production of agricultural crops of all kinds, such as tomatoes, potatoes and all kinds of grain, because of the soil fertile and suitable for agriculture and depends on irrigation on the wells, in addition to the rainy seasons, and passes the district of the asphalt road linking the governorates of Yemen which is located in the southern and eastern direction of Dhamar province and extends northwards to the capital, Sana'a, which is considered the most important route because it is the main line that runs from most of the governorates to reach the capital Sana'a and the rest of the governorates north of Sana'a. The district is bordered from the east by the district of Al-Hada’a and from the west District of Doran and District of Manar and from the north district of the Belad Al-Rus in the province of Sana'a, from the south. The area of Jahran area is 406.3 square km, district include 6 sub-districts and 319 villages. 18.1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

HH FAMILY MALE FEMALE TOTAL ROSABH 399 379 1,458 1,467 2,925 MABAR 1,323 1,243 4,584 4,109 8,693 18.2. EDUCATION LEVEL The results of survey showed that the literacy rate among male is (75%) and literacy rate among females is (50%) in this district; the numbers of schools in this district is 47 school for males and 20 school for females. Perhaps the most important reasons for the drop out of schools are poverty (10%), early marriage (10%), water bringing (10%), work (30%), old school or lack of school (5%), lack of teachers (30%).

18.3. HEALTH The number of diseases prevalent in the community is a great burden on the community because the health centers are very few and hardly exist in most areas in addition to the lack of health workers there. There was a significant increase in the number of diarrheal and cholera cases (37.78%) of respiratory diseases (15.56%), schistosomiasis (11.11%), measles (8.89%) and dengue fever (8%), (4.64%), kidney disease (4.44%), skin diseases (2.22%) and diphtheria

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(2.22%).It is clear that there are several factors that contribute to the spread of diseases in the district unless intervention is taken to stop and treat these causes, the most important of which are open ponds (12.50%) and contaminated water (34.38%). Poverty (6.25), hygiene (12.50%), flies (18.75%), and contaminated foods (15.68).Health Campaigns implemented in the district that included targeted areas are the mobile immunization campaign - Cholera- measles campaign. One of the most important factors affecting community health is malnutrition because of extreme poverty in the community. The proportion of mothers who suffer from malnutrition is 31.25% and the proportion of mothers who breastfeed is 44.69%, resulting in high malnutrition for children (59.53%) and malnutrition for women (40.47%). 18.4. FOOD SECURITY The results of the survey showed that the local community in the District of Jahran lacks health-promoting factors, as it became clear that the society depends on grain (66%) mainly, vegetables (15%), animals (9%) and Legumes (10%) because of extreme poverty and agricultural diseases. The results of the survey showed that 59% of the food sources in District of Jahran are from the markets while 41% come from local sources. 18.5. SEASONAL CALENDAR

Subject Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Rain season L L L A L L Crop cultivation L L L A L L L Land preparation - reclamation terraces L L L L L Sowing season L L L L L harvest A L Livestock breeding L L L L L L L L L L L L Milk production L L L L L L L L L A L L Sale of animals L L L L L A L A L L L L Diseases of animals L L L L L L L L L L L L Buy bees L L L L Sell bees L L Honey Season L L L L Working season L L A A A A A A A A L L In the farm (field) L L L L L L L L L A L L Outside the farm L L L L L Labor migration L L L L L L L L L L Buy food L High food prices L L L L L L L L L L L L prices drop L L L L L L L L L L L L Periods of diseases (malaria - diarrhea) L L L L A A L L Coding: L=Low, A=Average, P=Peak

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18.6. SOURCES OF INCOME

Sources of income

Agriculture Daily Wages 40% 40%

Migration Grazing 10% 10% 18.7. COMMUNITY ROLES

Women Roles Children Roles Commerc Men Roles Agricultur Water e Bring Home e Employee5% 19% Work 22% Study 14% Grazing 28% 24% Grazing Sheep Sheep Agricultur 4% e House 3% Work Work 48% Work 33% Livestock 48% 4% Breeding Water Bring 7% Playing 10% 31%

18.8. SELF-IDENTIFIED TRAINING NEEDS IN THE COMMUNITY

60 49 50 40 30 22 22 16 19 18 20 13 12 10 10 4 10 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 First Aid Veterinary Agricultural Handcraft Nursing Literacy Midwifery Sewing Embroidery Housekeeping Guide Men Women

18.9. COPING STRATEGIES According to the results of the survey, the coping strategies in this community are as a follows:

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Coping Strategies

Migration 9 Reduction of agricultural production expenditure 6 Search for work alternatives 13 Sale of production inputs or sources of income 5 Begging 1 Children out of school 11 Reduce meals for the whole family 8 Reduce meals for Adults 10 Borrowing 12 Sale of property or furniture 8

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

According to survey findings, 52% of Jahran community people own homes while 35% of community rent homes, and 6% of community people living in governmental facility and 7% of community people live in shelters .

18.10. WASH

Water Resources 46 45 9

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Water Projects Water Wells Water Pools

potable Water 91 9

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Potable water Not Potable Water

Water Transportation

Water Trucking Women 26% 23%

Girls Other 3% 56%

Boys Animals 30% 12% Pipeline 6%

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The results of the survey showed that 60.94% of community taking shower weekly,25% taking shower monthly and 14.06% taking shower on another time; WASH HANDS AFTER BATH The results of the survey showed that 38% of the population of the community wash their hands after leaving the bathroom and 62% do not adhere to this, which can cause health risks to the members of society. It was noted that the most important spread of diseases was due to the lack of public hygiene awareness, as a large proportion of society threw garbage and sewage residues near the houses, as well as the residue of dead animals close to them causing many diseases. 18.11. HAZARD AND CAPACITY MAPPING 18.11.1. HAZARDS

Percieved Hazards 70 60 50 40 30 60

Respondants 20 10 24 12 4 0 Floods Roads seismic wall Old Building Hazards Mentioned

During the hazard analysis in the district, many hazards threatened the security and life of the community, and more importantly floods - roads - old buildings - seismic ... etc. 1. The flooding cause disruption of electricity and communications services and road interruptions caused house demolitions, agricultural landslides, human and animal casualties, and displacement of residents of the territories internally and externally 2. Old Building 3. Roads 4. Seismic 18.11.2. CAPACITY One of the strengths and capabilities of this community is the availability of large areas that can be grown and produced for agricultural products that improve the livelihoods of the community. There are also rural hospital,hospital, health centers and health centers offering community health services. There are asphalt roads. In addition, there are schools, mosques, government facilities,squares, shops and a private market. As well as human resources are available.

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18.12. ORGANIZATIONS WORKED IN THE DISTRICT There were seven organizations in this community. Their humanitarian intervention was good but not at the required level, but it helped a lot in the community in many needs and tthe organizations that worked in the community are SDF (13%), UNICEF (13%), EDRA (7%), YRCS (30%), Life Makers (7%) and AOWN (4%).

18.13. SOCIAL MAPS At the end of the work, the community drew up a map of the target area, identifying weaknesses and capacities, including trends, symbols and colors used.

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19. VCA Implementation Plan VCA implementation plan is under process after completion of the VCA, an action plan will be prepared according to the results of the analysis.

A pilot project to avoid flood hazards, such as stone bumpers and tree planting, will be designed to design special awareness messages, such as awareness sessions with target communities for vulnerable areas

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The Fundamental Principles of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement Humanity

The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, born of a desire to bring assistance without discrimination to the wounded on the battlefield, endeavors, in its international and national capacity, to prevent and alleviate human suffering wherever it may be found. Its purpose is to protect life and health and to ensure respect for the human being. It promotes mutual understanding, friendship, cooperation and lasting peace amongst all peoples.

Impartiality

It makes no discrimination as to nationality, race, religious beliefs, class or political opinions. It endeavors to relieve the suffering of individuals, being guided solely by their needs, and to give priority to the most urgent cases of distress.

Neutrality

In order to continue to enjoy the confidence of all, the Movement may not take sides in hostilities or engage at any time in controversies of a political, racial, religious or ideological nature.

Independence

The Movement is independent. The National Societies, while auxiliaries in the humanitarian services of their governments and subject to the laws of their respective countries, must always maintain their autonomy so that they may be able at all times to act in accordance with the principles of the Movement.

Voluntary service

It is a voluntary relief movement not prompted in any manner by desire for gain.

Unity

There can be only one Red Cross or one Red Crescent Society in anyone country. It must be open to all. It must carry on its humanitarian work throughout its territory.

Universality

The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, in which all Societies have equal status and share equal responsibilities and duties in helping each other, is worldwide.

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