Tree Canopy Assessment
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Page | 6 SPRING | 2015 page left intentionally blank <ALLOWS LAYOUT VIEW IN WORD. DELETE PRIOR TO PUBLISHING> “Someone is sitting in the shade today because someone planted a tree a long time ago.” -Warren Buffet An Assessment of Urban Tree Canopy in the City of Columbus, Ohio April 2015 Prepared By Plan‐It Geo, LLC, Arvada, Colorado Acknowledgements This project was made possible by the City of Columbus Recreation and Parks Department, Forestry Section. Core partners include Mayor Coleman’s Green Team, Green Space Working Group. In addition, special thanks go to Joe Sulak, Maureen Lorenz, Drew Todd, David Celebrezze, Erin Neeb, Paul Freedman, Rick Hicks, Anita Musser, Erin Miller, Greg Horch, Tina Mohn, John Woods, Sandy Frey, Laura Fay, Shoreh Elhami, Craig Seeds, Jim Gates, Jim Long, Karl Hoessle, Chad Hoff, John Bowers, and Ryan Pilewski. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, sexual orientation, marital status, family status, status as a parent (in education and training programs and activities), because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program, or retaliation. Prepared For City of Columbus Recreation & Parks Department, Forestry Section 1533 Alum Industrial Dr. West Columbus, OH 43209 Cover Credit Photo by Randall Schieber Page left intentionally blank CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................... 4 PROJECT BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................................... 7 PROJECT FUNDAMENTALS & METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................ 8 MAPPING LAND COVER ........................................................................................................................................................... 8 IDENTIFYING POSSIBLE PLANTING AREAS ..................................................................................................................................... 8 VISUALIZING URBAN TREE CANOPY RESULTS................................................................................................................................ 9 DEFINING ASSESSMENT LEVELS ............................................................................................................................................... 10 ECOSYSTEM SERVICES ............................................................................................................................................................ 11 PRIORITIZING PLANTING AREAS ............................................................................................................................................... 12 DETECTING AND ANALYZING URBAN TREE CANOPY CHANGE ......................................................................................................... 13 ASSESSMENT RESULTS & KEY FINDINGS ............................................................................................... 14 LAND COVER ....................................................................................................................................................................... 14 CITYWIDE STUDY AREA .......................................................................................................................................................... 15 ZONING .............................................................................................................................................................................. 16 PLANNING AREAS ................................................................................................................................................................. 17 FORESTRY MANAGEMENT ZONES ............................................................................................................................................ 18 RIGHT‐OF‐WAY ................................................................................................................................................................... 19 PARKS AND PARKLAND .......................................................................................................................................................... 20 WATERSHEDS ...................................................................................................................................................................... 22 BLUEPRINT COLUMBUS PROJECT AREAS ................................................................................................................................... 23 NEIGHBORHOODS ................................................................................................................................................................. 24 CENSUS BLOCK GROUPS AND SOCIO‐DEMOGRAPHICS ................................................................................................................. 25 ECOSYSTEM SERVICES ............................................................................................................................................................ 26 ANALYZING THREATS TO CANOPY ........................................................................................................ 29 EMERALD ASH BORER ........................................................................................................................................................... 29 ASIAN LONG‐HORNED BEETLE ................................................................................................................................................. 30 BUSH HONEYSUCKLE ............................................................................................................................................................. 31 RECOMMENDATIONS & STRATEGIES .................................................................................................... 33 RECOMMENDATION 1: COLUMBUS FORESTRY TAKES THE LEAD IN GROWING URBAN CANOPY ............................................................ 33 RECOMMENDATION 2: DEVELOP FUTURE CANOPY GOALS CITYWIDE AND BY ZONING USE CLASS ........................................................ 33 RECOMMENDATION 3: TARGET NEW PLANTINGS TO ADDRESS CITY PRIORITIES ................................................................................ 35 RECOMMENDATION 4: DEVELOP AN URBAN FOREST MANAGEMENT PLAN ...................................................................................... 39 RECOMMENDATION 5: ENGAGE THE COMMUNITY ...................................................................................................................... 39 RECOMMENDATION 6: UTILIZE THIS ASSESSMENT AND ASSOCIATED TOOLS ..................................................................................... 39 APPENDIX ............................................................................................................................................ 40 ACCURACY ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................................................................................ 40 ASSOCIATED TOOLS .............................................................................................................................................................. 42 COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT AREA RESULTS ........................................................................................................................... 44 COMPREHENSIVE ECOSYSTEM SERVICES RESULTS ........................................................................................................................ 85 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................................ 88 CONTENTS 1 FIGURES & TABLES FIGURES Figure 1: Five Primary Land Cover Classes were generated from Aerial Imagery‐based Analysis ........................................ 8 Figure 2: Examples of Urban Tree Canopy Coverage by Neighborhood ............................................................................... 9 Figure 3: Examples of Assessment Geographies ................................................................................................................. 10 Figure 4: Ecosystem Services and Benefits provided by Urban Tree Canopy ..................................................................... 11 Figure 5: Distribution of Canopy Sample Points ................................................................................................................. 13 Figure 6: Detailed Land Cover ............................................................................................................................................. 14 Figure 7: Percent Urban Tree Canopy by Parcel ................................................................................................................. 15 Figure 8: Zoning Use Classes and Associated Distributions ................................................................................................ 16 Figure 9: Acres of Urban Tree Canopy and Possible Planting Area by Planning Area ......................................................... 18 Figure 10: Planning Areas and Forestry Management Zones ............................................................................................. 18 Figure