Plants of Little River National Wildlife Refuge

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U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Plants of Little River National Wildlife Refuge

The Vascular Flora of the Little River Dennstaedtiaceae (Bracken Fern Family) Taxodiaceae (Redwood Family) National Wildlife Refuge, McCurtain Bracken P; QFCA Baldcypress P; TDF County, Oklahoma Pteridium aquilinum ‡Taxodium distichum Annotated species list for the Little River National Wildlife Refuge, McCurtain Dryopteridaceae (Wood Fern Family) Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants) County, Oklahoma. Each entry includes: Common ladyfern P; QFCA, URAS Magnoliopsida (Dicots) Athyrium filix-femina Symbols Lowland bladderfern P; QFCA Acanthaceae (Acanthus Family) Life History Cystopteris protrusa Branched foldwing A; ANAS A = annual Upland brittle bladderfern P; GL, URAS Dicliptera brachiata B = biennial Cystopteris tenuis American water-willow P; HEW Marginal woodfern P; QNQP Justicia Americana P = perennial Dryopteris marginalis Looseflower water-willow P; HEW Sensitive fern P; HEW, QNQP Justicia ovate Habitat Onoclea sensibilis Prairie petunia P; DA ANAS = Acer negundo - Ruellia humilis A. saccharinum/Planera Equisetaceae (Horsetail Family) Limestone wild petunia P; ANAS; URAS aquatica forest association Smooth horsetail P; HEW Ruellia strepens Equisetum laevigatum DA = disturbed area Aceraceae (Maple Family) Ophioglossaceae (Adder’s Tognue Family) Chalk maple P; QFCA GL = limestone glade Cutleaf grape fern P; QFCA Acer leucoderme Botrychium dissectum Boxelder P; ANAS HEW = herbaceous emergent wetland Rattlesnake fern P; QFCA Acer negundo Botrychium virginianum Red maple P; QFCA QFCA = Quercus falcata Limestone adder’s tongue P; QNQP Acer rubrum Carya alba forest association Ophioglossum engelmannii Silver maple P; ANAS Acer saccharinum QNQP = Quercus nigra Osmundaceae (Royal Fern Family) Sugar maple P; URAS Quercus phellos forest Cinnamon fern P; QNQP, HEW, TDF Acer saccharum association Osmunda cinnamomea Royal fern P; QNQP, HEW, TDF Amaranthaceae (Amaranth Family) TDF = Taxodium distichum forest Osmunda regalis Spiny amaranth A; DA association *Amaranthus spinosus Polypodiaceae (Polypody Fern Family) Roughfruit amaranth A; DA URAS = Ulmus rubra-Acer Resurrection fern P; QFCA, QNQP Amaranthus tuberculatus saccharum - Celtis laevigata Pleopeltis polypodioides Juda’s bush P; DA forest association Iresine rhizomatosa Pteridaceae (Maidenhair Fern Family) * Introduced species Northern maidenhair fern P; URAS Anacardiaceae (Sumac or Cashew Family) Adiantum pedatum Skunkbrush P; GL, QFCA ‡ Species tracted by the Oklahoma Purple cliffbrake P; GL Rhus aromatic Natural Heritage Inventory Pellaea atropurpurea Winged sumac P; DA, QFCA Rhus copallinum Pteridophyta (Ferns and Fern Allies) Coniferophyta (Conifers) Smooth sumac P; QFCA Aspleniaceae (Spleenwort Family) Cupressaceae (Juniper and Cedar Rhus glabra Ebony spleenwort P; QFCA Family) Asplenium platyneuron Eastern red cedar P; DA, QFCA Annonaceae (Custard Apple Family) Walking fern P; GL Juniperus virginiana Pawpaw P; URAS Asplenium rhizophyllum Asimina triloba Pinaceae (Pine Family) Azollaceae (Mosquito Fern Family) Loblolly pine P; QFCA, QNQP Apiaceae (Carrot Family) Mexican mosquitofern P; TDF Pinus taeda Hairyfruit chervil A; DA Azolla mexicana Shortleaf pine P; QFCA,QNQP Chaerophyllum tainturieri Pinus echinata Water hemlock P; HEW Cicuta maculate Creeping eryngo P; HEW Eryngium prostratum Rattlesnake master P; QFCA Pussytoes P; QFCA False boneset P; DA Eryngium yuccifolium Antennaria plantaginifolia Eupatorium serotinum Floating pennywort P; TDF Stinking chamomile A; DA Southern prairie aster P; QFCA Hydrocotyle ranunculoides *Anthemis cotula Eurybia hemispherica Tansy dogshade A; HEW Indian plantain P; QFCA Bushy goldentop P; DA Limnosciadium pinnatum Arnoglossum plantagineum ‡Euthamia leptocephala Longstyle sweetroot P; QFCA Entireleaf western daisy A; GL Spoonleaf purple everlasting P; DA Osmorhiza longistylis Astranthium integrifolium Gamochaeta purpurea Mock bishop’s weed A; DA Groundsel tree P; QNQP Narrowleaf gumweed P; DA Ptilimnium capillaceum Baccharis halimifolia Grindelia lanceolata Nuttall’s mock bishop’s weed A; HEW, QNQP Breaded beggarstick A; HEW Bitterweed, Yellowdicks A; DA Ptilimnium nuttallii Bidens aristosa Helenium amarum Black snakeroot P; QFCA, URAS Spanish needles A; DA, TDF Purplehead sneezeweed P; HEW Sanicula Canadensis Bidens bipinnata Helenium flexuosum Meadow parsnip P; DA Smallflower beggartick A; TDF Swamp sunflower P; HEW Thaspium barbinode Bidens discoidea Helianthus angustifolius Hedge parsley A; DA Smallhead doll’s daisy P; HEW Roughleaf sunflower P; QNQP *Torilis arvensis Boltonia diffusa Helianthus hirsutus White nymph A; DA Musk thistle B; DA Smooth oxeye P; QFCA Trepocarpus aethusae *Carduus nutans Heliopsis helianthoides Basketflower A; DA Camphorweed A; DA Apocynaceae (Dogbane Family) Centaurea Americana Heterotheca subaxillaris Eastern bluestar P; QNQP, URAS Arkansas least daisy A; DA Hairy hawkweed, Queen-devil P; QFCA Amsonia tabernaemontana Chaetopappa asteroids Hieracium gronovii Climbing dogbane P; HEW, TDF Soft goldenaster A; DA Marshelder A; DA, HEW Trachelospermum difforme Chrysopsis pilosa Iva annua Tall thistle P; DA, QFCA Two-flowered dwarf dandelion P; GL Aquifoliaceae (Holly Family) Cirsium altissimum Krigia biflora Deciduous holly P; QNQP, URAS Carolina thistle P; QNQP Weedy dwarf dandelion A; DA Trachelospermum difforme Cirsium carolinianum Krigia caespitosa American holly P; QNQP Yellow thistle P; DA Potato dwarf dandelion P; DA Trachelospermum difforme Cirsium horridulum Krigia caespitosa Carolina Holly P; QNQP Blue mistflower P; HEW Canada wild lettuce A; DA, QNQP Ilex ambigua Conoclinium coelestinum Lactuca canadensis Marestail, Horseweed A; DA Woodland wild lettuce A; DA Araliaceae (Ginseng Family) Conyza canadensis Lactuca floridana Hercules club P; QNQP Largeflower tickseed P; DA, QFCA, QNQP Tall blazing star P; QFCA ‡Aralia spinosa Coreopsis grandiflora Liatris aspera Star tickseed P; QNQP Pionk scale blazing star P; QFCA Aristolochiaceae (Birthwort Family) Coreopsis pubescens Liatris elegans Texas dutchman’s pipe P; QFCA Golden tickseed A; DA, HEW Climbing hempvine P; HEW, TDF ‡Aristolochia reticulate Coreopsis tinctoria Mikania scandens Woolly dutchman’s pipe P; ANAS Clasping coneflower A; HEW Golden ragwort P; QFCA Aristolochia tomentosa Dracopis amplexicaulis Packera aurea Wild ginger P; URAS Purple coneflower P; QFCA Butterweed A; QFCA Asarum canadense Echinacea purpurea Packera glabella False daisy A; DA, HEW Roundleaf ragwort P; QFCA Asclepiadaceae (Milkweed Family) Eclipta prostrate Packera obovata Swamp milkweed P; HEW Carolina elephant’s foot P; QNQP Woolly ragwort P; QNQP Asclepias incarnate Elephantopus carolinianus Packera tomentosa Whiteflowered milkweed P; QFCA Devil’s grandmother P; QNQP Wild quinine P; QFCA Asclepias variegate Elephantopus tomentosus Parthenium integrifolium Whorled milkweed P; GL, QFCA Fireweed, American burnweed A; DA Camphorweed P; HEW Asclepias verticillata Erechtites hieraciifolia Pluchea camphorata Green milkweed P; DA, QFCA Philadelphia fleabane P; QFCA Rabbit tobacco A; DA Asclepias viridis Erigeron philadelphicus Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium Baldwin’s milkvine P; QFCA Prairie fleabane A; QFCA Tuberous desert-chicory P; DA Matelea baldwyniana Erigeron strigosus Pyrrhopappus grandiflorus Dogfennel P; DA Rough coneflower P; QFCA Asteraceae (Sunflower Family) Eupatorium capillifolium Rudbeckia grandiflora Common yarrow P; DA, QFCA Common boneset P; HEW, QNQP Blackeyed Susan P; QFCA Achillea millefolium Eupatorium perfoliatum Rudbeckia hirta Plains ragweed A; DA Roughleaf thoroughwort, Oval-leaf Browneyed Susan P; HEW, QNQP Ambrosia artemisiifolia boneset P; DA Rudbeckia triloba Lanceleaf ragweed A; DA ‡Eupatorium rotundifolium Wholeleaf rosinweed P; QFCA Ambrosia bidentata Smallleaf boneset, Thoroughwort P; DA Silphium integrifolium Giant ragweed A; DA Eupatorium semiserratum Compass plant P; QFCA Ambrosia trifida Silphium laciniatum Hairy leafcup P; QNQP Boraginaceae (Borage Family) Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle Family) Smallanthus uvedalius Wild comfrey P; QFCA, URAS Japanese honeysuckle P; DA Eared goldenrod P; QFCA Cynoglossum virginianum *Lonicera japonica ‡Solidago auriculata Indian heliotrope A; DA, HEW Trumpet honeysuckle P; DA, QNQP Canada goldenrod P; DA *Heliotropium indicum Lonicera sempervirens Solidago canadensis Pasture heliotrope A; DA, GL Elder berry P; HEW, QNQP Gray goldenrod P; QFCA Heliotropium tenellum Sambucus nigra Solidago nemoralis Spring forget-me-not A; DA Blackhaw P; QFCA Elmleaf goldenrod P; QFCA Myosotis verna Viburnum rufidulum Solidago ulmifolia var. palmeri Spiny sowthistle A; DA Brassicaceae (Mustard Family) Caryophyllaceae (Pink Family) *Sonchus asper Sicklepod B; GL Sticky chickweed A; DA Common sowthistle A; DA Arabis canadensis *Cerastium glomeratum *Sonchus oleraceus Smooth rockcress B; QFCA Dixie stitchwort A; GL Drummond’s aster P; QNQP Arabis laevigata var. laevigata Minuartia muscorum Symphyotrichum drummondii var. Shepard’s purse A; DA Starry campion P; QFCA texanum *Capsella bursa-pastoris Silene stellata White panicle aster P; QFCA Cutleaf toothwort P; QFCA Firepink P; GL Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. *Capsella bursa-pastoris Silene virginica lanceolatum Hairy bittercress A; DA Common chickweed A; DA Late purple aster P; QFCA *Cardamine hirsute *Stellaria media Symphyotrichum patens var. patens Sand bittercress A; DA Hairy white oldfield aster P; QFCA Cardamine parvifloravar. arenicola Celastraceae (Bittersweet Family) Symphyotrichum pilosum var. pilosum Pennsylvania bittercress P; DA Hearts a-burstin’ with joy P; QNQP Smooth white oldfield aster P; QFCA Cardamine pensylvanica Euonymus americanus Symphyotrichum racemosum Golden gladecress A; GL Rock dandelion P; DA ‡Leavenworthia aurea Ceratophyllaceae (Coontail Family) *Taraxacum laevigatum Virginia pepperweed A; DA Coontail P; HEW Stiff greenthread P; GL Lepidium virginicum var. virginicum Ceratophyllum demersum Thelesperma filifolium Intermediate pepperweed A; DA Toothless hornwort P; TDF Yellow crownbeard, Hairy wing-stem, Lepidium virginicum var. medium Ceratophyllum echinatum Gravelweed P; QFCA Spreading bladderpod A; GL Verbesina helianthoides Lesquerella gracilis Chenopodiaceae (Goosefoot Family) White crownbread, Frostflower P; ANAS Lakecress P; TDF Mexican tea A; DA Verbesina virginica Neobeckia aquatic Chenopodium ambrosioides Baldwin’s ironweed P; QFCA Fernald’s yellowcress A; HEW Vernonia baldwinii Rorippa palustris Cistaceae (Rock-rose Family) Giant ironweed P; QFCA Stalkless yellowcress A; DA Hairy pinweed P; QFCA Vernonia gigantean Rorippa sessiliflora Lechea mucronata Rough cocklebur A; DA, HEW Narrowleaf pinweed A; GL Xanthium strumarium Buddlejaceae (Butterfly Bush Family) Lechea tenuifolia Juniperleaf A; DA Balsaminaceae (Impatiens Family) Polypremum procumbens Clusiaceae (St. Johnswort Family) Jewelweed P; HEW Nits and lice, Drummond’s St. Johnswort Impatiens capensis Cactaceae (Cactus Family) A; QFCA Eastern pricklypear P; GL Hypericum drummondii Berberidaceae (Mayapple Family) Opuntia humifusa St. Andrew’s cross P; QFCA Mayapple P; URAS, QFCA Hypericum hypericoides Podophyllum peltatum Callitrichaceae (Starwort Family) Dwarf St. Johnswort P; HEW Water starwort A; HEW Hypericum mutilum Betulaceae (Birch Family) Callitriche heterophylla Shrubby St. Johnswort P; QFCA Hazel alder P; HEW Hypericum prolificum Alnus serrulata Campanulaceae (Bellflower Family) Spotted St. Johnsowrt P; QFCA River birch P; ANAS American bellflower P; URAS Hypericum punctatum Betula nigra Campanulastrum americanum Greater marsh St. Johnswort, Walter’s American hornbeam P; QNQP, URAS Pale lobelia P; HEW, QNQP St. Johnswort P; HEW Carpinus caroliniana Lobelia appendiculata Triadenum walteri Hophornbeam P; QFCA, QNQP, URAS Cardinalflower P; HEW, QNQP Ostrya virginiana Lobelia cardinalis Convolvulaceae (Morning Glory Family) Indian tobacco P; ANAS Carolina ponysfoot P; DA Bignoniaceae (Trumpet Creeper Family) Lobelia inflate Dichondra carolinensis Crossvine P; QNQP Great blue lobelia P; HEW, QNQP Pitted morning glory, Whitestar A; QFCA ‡Bignonia capreolata Lobelia siphilitica Ipomoea lacunose Trumpet vine P; DA, QNQP Clasping Venus’ looking glass A; DA Man of the Earth P; QFCA Campsis radicans Triodanis perfoliata Ipomoea pandurata Cornaceae (Dogwood Family) Fabaceae (Legume Family) Bigpod sesbania A; QNQP Flowering dogwood P; QNQP Silktree, Mimosa P; DA Sesbania herbacea Cornus florida *Albizia julibrissin Trailing wild bean, Trailing fuzzy bean Stiff dogwood P; ANAS Shining false indigo P; QNQP P; DA, QNQP ‡Cornus foemina Amorpha nitens Strophostyles helvula Blackgum P; URAS Panicled false indigo P; QNQP Pink fuzzy bean P; DA, QFCA Nyssa sylvatica ‡Amorpha paniculata Strophostyles umbellate Groundnut P; HEW Pencilflower P; DA Crassulaceae (Sedum Family) Apios americana Stylosanthes biflora Ditch stonecrop P; HEW Longbract wild indigo P; QFCA Rabbitfoot colver A; DA Penthorum sedoides Baptisia bracteata var. leucophaea *Trifolium arvense Nuttall’s wild indigo P; QFCA Field clover A; DA Cucurbitaceae (Cucumber Family) ‡Baptisia nuttalliana *Trifolium campestre Fivelobe cucumber P; QNQP Spurred butterfly pea P; QFCA Crimson clover A; DA Cayaponia quinqueloba Centrosema virginianum Trifolium incarnatum Creeping cucumber, Guadeloupe Eastern redbud P; URAS White clover P; DA cucumber P; DA Cercis canadensis *Trifolium repens Melothria pendula Partridge pea A; QNQP Reversed clover, Persian clover A; DA Chamaecrista fasciculate *Trifolium resupinatum Cuscutaceae (Dodder Family) Sensitive partridge pea A; DA Carolina vetch P; DA, QFCA Vicia caroliniana Cusp dodder A; QNQP Chamaecrista nictitans Smalflower vetch A; DA Cuscuta cuspidate Pigeonwings, Butterfly pea P; QFCA Vicia minutiflora Rope dodder A; HEW Clitoria mariana Garden vetch A; DA Cuscuta glomerata Compact prairie clover P; GL *Vicia sativa Common dodder, Scaldweed A; TDF ‡Dalea compacta Cuscuta gronovii Purple prairie clover P; QFCA Fagaceae (Oak Family) Peruvian dodder A; HEW Dalea purpurea Chinkapin P; QFCA Cuscuta obtusifloravar. glandulosa Illinois bundleflower P; QFCA Castanea pumila Desmanthus illinoensis White oak P; QFCA Ebenaceae (Ebony Family) Hoary ticktrefoil P; QFCA Quercus alba Persimmon P; QFCA Desmodium canescens Southern red oak P; QFCA Diospyros virginiana Largebract ticktrefoil P; QNQP Quercus falcata Desmodium cuspidatum var. longifolium Overcup oak P; QNQP Ericaceae (Blueberry Family) Naked-flowered ticktrefoil P; QFCA Quercus lyrata Highbush blueberry P; QNQP Desmodium nudiflorum Bur oak P; QFCA ‡Vaccinium corymbosum Nuttall’s ticktrefoil P; QFCA Quercus macrocarpa Lowbush blueberry P; QNQP Desmodium nuttallii Blackjack oak P; QFCA Vaccinium pallidum Panicle ticktrefoil P; QNQP Quercus marilandica Desmodium paniculatum Chinkapin oak P; URAS Euphorbiaceae (Spurge Family) Fewflowered ticktrefoil P; QFCA Quercus muehlenbergii Virgina threeseed mercury A; DA ‡Desmodium pauciflorum Water oak P; QNQP Acalypha virginica Downy milkpea P; DA Quercus nigra Spotted sandmat A; DA Galactia volubilis Nutall’s oak P; QNQP Chamaesyce maculate Honey locust P; QNQP ‡Quercus nuttallii Nodding spurge A; DA Gleditsia triacanthos Pin oak P; QNQP Chamaesyce nutans Korean [bush] clover A; DA Quercus palustris Prostrate sandmat A; DA *Kummerowia stipulacea Willow oak P; QNQP Chamaesyce prostrate Japanese [bush] clover A; DA Quercus phellos Hogwort A; DA *Kummerowia striata Northern red oak P; URAS Croton capitatus Veiny pea A; DA Quercus rubra Toothleaf croton, Vente conmigo A; DA Lathyrus venosus Shumard’s oak P; URAS Croton glandulosus Sericea lespedeza P; DA Quercus shumardii One-seeded croton, Prairie tea A; DA *Lespedeza cuneata Post oak P; QFCA Croton monanthogynus Creeping bush clover P; QFCA Quercus stellata Willdenow’s croton A; DA, GL Lespedeza repens Croton willdenowii Virginia bush clover P; QFCA Fumariaceae (Fumewort Family) Flowering spurge P; QFCAF Lespedeza virginica Smallflower fumewort A; QFCA Euphorbia corollata White sweetclover A; DA Corydalis micrantha ssp. australis Toothed spurge A; DA *Melilotus alba Euphorbia dentate Nuttall’s sensitive briar P; QFCA Gentianaceae (Gentian Family) Warty spurge A; GL Mimosa nuttallii Rosepink A; QFCA Euphorbia spathulata Sampson’s snakeroot P; QFCA Sabatia angularis Carolina leaf flower A; DA Orbexilum pedunculatum var. pedunculatum Phyllanthus caroliniensis Prairie snoutbean P; QFCA Geraniaceae (Geranium Family) Carolina geranium A; DA Smartweed leaf flower P; GL Rhynchosia latifolia Geranium carolinianum Phyllanthus polygonoides Southern wild senna P; QNQP Cutleaf geranium A; DA Betonyleaf noseburn P; GL Senna marilandica *Geranium dissectum Tragia betonicifolia Grossulariaceae (Gooseberry Family) Red spotted horsemint P; QFCA Menispermaceae (Moonseed Family) Virginia sweetspire P; TDF Monarda russeliana Snailseed P; QFCA ‡Itea virginica Beefsteak plant A; DA Cocculus carolinus *Perilla frutescens Haloragaceae (Watermilfoil Family) Slender false dragonhead P; CB Molluginaceae (Carpetweed Family) Twoleaf watermilfoil P; TDF Physostegia intermedia Carpetweed A; DA Myriophyllum heterophyllum Heal-all P; DA Mollugo verticillata Prunella vulgaris Hamamelidaceae (Witch-hazel Family) Whiteleaf mountain mint P; QFCA Moraceae (Mulberry Family) Sweetgum P; QFCA Pycnanthemum albescens Paper mulberry P; DA Liquidambar styraciflua Narrowleaf mountain mint P; QFCA *Broussonetia papyrifera Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Osage orange P; QFCA Hippocastanaceae (Buckeye Family) Lyreleaf sage P; DA Maclura pomifera Red buckeye P; ANAS Salvia lyrata White mulberry P; DA ‡Aesculus pavia Heartleaf skullcap P; QNQP *Morus alba Scutellaria ovate Red mulberry P; QNQP Hydrangeaceae (Hydrangea Family) Small skullcap P; QFCA Morus rubra Wild hydrangea P; QFCA, GL Scutellaria parvula Hydrangea arborescens Smooth hedgenettle P; QNQP Nelumbonaceae (Water Lotus Family) Stachys tenuifolia Yellow water lotus P; HEW Hydrophyllaceae (Waterleaf Family) Canada germander P; QNQP Nelumbo lutea False fiddlehead P; HEW Teucrium canadense Hydrolea ovata Forked bluecurls A; DA Nymphaeaceae (Waterlilly Family) Oneflower false fiddlehead A; HEW Trichostema dichotomum Spatterdock P; HEW Hydrolea uniflora Nuphar lutea Largeflower baby blue eyes A; GL Lauraceae (Laurel Family) Nemophila phacelioides Sassafrass P; QNQP Oleaceae (Olive Family) Fuzzy phacelia A; GL Sassafras albidum American ash P; QNQP Phacelia hirsute Spicebush P; QNQP Fraxinus americana Lindera benzoin Privet P; QNQP Juglandaceae (Hickory Family) *Ligustrum sinense Mockernut hickory P; QFCA Linaceae (Flax Family) Carya alba Stiff yellow flax A; DA Onagraceae (Evening-primrose Family) Bitternut hickory P; QFCA *Linum medium var. texanum Demaree’s beeblossom A; DA Carya cordiformis ‡Gaura demareei Pecan P; ANAS Loganiaceae (Styrchnine Family) Wing-leaf primrose-willow P; QFCA Carya illinoinensis Indian pink P; QFCA Ludwigia decurrens Nutmeg hickory P; QNQP ‡Spigelia marilandica Cylindric fruit primrose-willow P; HEW ‡Carya myristiciformis Ludwigia glandulosa Shagbark hickory P; QFCA Lythraceae (Loosestrife Family) Anglestem primrose-willow P; HEW Carya ovate Scarlet toothcup A; HEW Ludwigia leptocarpa Water hickory P; QFCA Ammannia coccinea Marsh seedbox P; TDF Carya aquatica Blue waxweed, Clammy cuphea A; GL Ludwigia palustris Black walnut P; URAS Cuphea viscosissima Cutleaf evening primrose P; DA Juglans nigra Toothcup A; HEW Oenothera laciniata Rotala ramosior Threadleaf evening primrose A; DA Lamiaceae (Mint Family) Oenothera linifolia Yellow giant hyssop P; QFCA Malvaceae (Hibiscus Family) Pourpoint evening primrose P; QNQP Agastache nepetoides Bush’s poppymallow P; GL Oenothera rhombipetala Limestone calamint P; GL ‡Callirhoe bushii Hairy evening primrose P; DA Clinopodium arkansanum Palmleaf poppymallow P; QFCA Oenothera villosa Rough false pennyroyal A; DA Callirhoe pedata Hedeoma hispida Rosemallow P; HEW Oxalidaceae (Sorrel Family) American false pennyroyal A; GL Hibiscus lasiocarpos Yellow sorrel P; DA ‡Hedeoma pulegioides Carolina bristlemallow A; DA Oxalis stricta Henbit deadnettle A; DA ‡Modiola caroliniana Violet woodsorrel P; QFCA *Lamium amplexicaule Arrowleaf sida A; DA Oxalis violacea Purple deadnettle A; DA Sida rhombifolia *Lamium purpureum Papaveraceae (Poppy Family) Taperleaf water horehound P; HEW Melastomataceae (Melostome Family) Bloodroot P; DA Lycopus rubellus Maryland meadowbeauty P; QNQP Sanguinaria canadensis Virginia water horehound P; HEW Rhexia mariana Lycopus virginicus Passifloraceae (Passionflower Family) Lemon beebalm A; GL Meliaceae (Mahognay Family) Purple passionflower, Maypop P; QNQP Monarda citriodora Chinaberry P; QNQP Passiflora incarnate Wild bergamont P; QFCA *Melia azedarach Yellow passionflower P; DA Monarda fistulosa Passiflora lutea Phytolaccaceae (Poke Family) Prairie loosestrife, Fourflowered yellow Multiflora rosa P; QNQP Pokeweed P; DA looststrife P; QNQP *Rosa multiflora Phytolacca americana ‡Lysimachia quadriflora Climbing rose P; QFCA Brookweed P; DA *Rosa setigera Plantaginaceae (Plantain Family) Samolus valerandi ssp. parviflorus Sawtooth blackberry P; QNQP Largebract plantain A; DA Rubus argutus Plantago aristata Ranunculaceae (Buttercup Family) Northern dewberry P; DA Blackseed plantain P; DA Wild columbine P; QFCA, GL Rubus flagellaris Plantago rugelii Aquilegia canadensis Virginia plantain A; DA Whiteleaf leather flower P; QNQP Rubiaceae (Madder Family) Plantago virginica ‡Clematis glaucophylla Buttonbush P; QNQP Picher’s leather flower P; QNQP Cephalanthus occidentalis Platanaceae (Sycamore Family) Clematis pitcheri Piedmont bedstraw A; GL American sycamore P; QFCA Autumn virgin’s bower P; QNQP Cruciata pedemontana Platanus occidentalis *Clematis terniflora Rough buttonweed, Poorjoe A; DA Carolina larkspur P; QFCA Diodia teres Polemoniaceae (Phlox Family) Delphinium carolinianum ssp. Virginia buttonweed P; DA Smooth phlox P; QNQP carolinianum Diodia virginiana Phlox glaberrima Dwarf larkspur P; QFCA Stickywilly A; DA Ozark phlox P; QFCA Delphinium tricorne Galium aparine Phlox pilosa ssp. ozarkana Eastern false rue anemone P; ANAS Licorice bedstraw P; QNQP Enemion biternatum Galium circaezans Polygalaceae (Milkwort Family) Little buttercup P; QNQP Bluntleaf bedstraw P; QNQP Purple milkwort A; QFCA Ranunculus abortivus Galium obtusum Polygala sanguine Early buttercup P; QNQP Stiff marsh bedstraw P; QNQP Whorled milkwort A; DA Ranunculus fascicularis *Galium tinctorium Polygala verticillata Bristly buttercup P; QFCA Woodland bluets P; DA Ranunculus hispidus Houstonia purpurea var. purpurea Polygonaceae (Smartweed Family) White water-crowfoot A; TDF Tiny bluet A; DA American buckwheat vine P; TDF Ranunculus longirostris Houstonia pusilla Brunnichia ovate Low buttercup, Low spearwort A; QNQP Partridgeberry P; QNQP Oriental lady’s thumb A; DA Ranunculus pusillus ‡Mitchella repens *Polygonum caespitosum var. longisetum Hairy buttercup A; HEW Blue fieldmadder A; DA Denseflower smartweed P; HEW *Ranunculus sardous *Sherardia arvensis Polygonum glabrum Arkansas meadow rue P; QFCA Smooth false buttonweed P; ANAS Nodding smartweed A; TDF ‡Thalictrum arkansanum Spermacoce glabra Polygonum lapathifolium Spotted lady’s thumb A; HEW Rhamnaceae (Buckthorn Family) Rutaceae (Citrus Family) Polygonum persicaria Rattan vine, Supplejack P; QNQP Hardy orange P; QNQP Arrowleaf tear thumb A; HEW Berchemia scandens *Poncirus trifoliata Polygonum sagittatum Carolina buckthorn P; QFCA Hercules’ club P; QNQP Climbing false buckwheat P; DA Frangula caroliniana Zanthoxylum clava-herculis Polygonum scandens Virginia smartweed, Jumpseed P; QFCA Rosaceae (Rose Family) Salicaceae (Poplar Family) Polygonum virginianum Cockspur hawthorn P; QFCA Eastern cottonwood P; QNQP Curly dock P; DA Crataegus crus-galli Populus deltoides Rumex crispus Parsley hawthorn P; QFCA, QNQP Black willow P; HEW Heartwong sorrel A; DA Crataegus marshallii Salix nigra Rumex hastatulus Downy hawthorn P; QFCA Bitter dock P; DA Crataegus mollis Sapindaceae (Soapberry Family) *Rumex obtusifolius Little hip hawthorn P; QFCA Balloon vine, Love-in-a-puff A; DA Crataegus spathulata Cardiospermum halicacabum Portulacaceae (Purslane Family) Green hawthorn P; QFCA Spring beauty P; QFCA Crataegus viridis Sapotaceae (Sapodilla Family) Claytonia virginica Indian strawberry P; QFCA Gum bully, Bumelia P; QFCA Common purslane, Little hogweed A; DA Duchesnea indica Sideroxylon lanuginosum Portulaca oleracea White avens P; QFCA Pink purslane, Kiss me quick A; DA Geum canadense Saururaceae (Lizard’s Tail Family) Portulaca pilosa American ipecac, Indian physic P; QNQP Lizard’s tail P; HEW Porteranthus stipulatus Saururus cernuus Primulaceae (Primrose Family) Common cinquefoil P; ANAS Mead’s shootingstars P; QFCA Potentilla simplex Scrophulariaceae (Snapdragon Family) Dodecatheon meadia Oklahoma plum P; QNQP Gattinger’s false foxglove - A; DA American featherfoil A; TDF Prunus gracilis Agalinis gattingeri ‡Hottonia inflate Black cherry P; QNQP Largeflower yellow false foxglove A; QNQP Prunus serotina Aureolaria grandiflora Carolina pasture rose P; QFCA Blue eyed mary A; QFCA Rosa carolina Collinsia violacea Clammy hedgehyssop A; HEW Pennsylvania pellitory A; DA Magnoliophyta (Flowering Plants) Gratiola neglecta Parietaria pensylvanica Lilopsida (monocots) Roundfruited hedgehyssop, Virginia Clearweed A; DA hedgehyssop A; HEW Pilea pumila Alismataceae (Duck Potato Family) Gratiola virginiana Stinging nettle, Heartleaf nettle A; URAS Water plantain P; HEW Narrowleaf paleseed A; DA ‡Urtica chamaedryoides Alisma subcordatum Leucospora multifida Creeping burhead A; HEW Canada toadflax A; DA Valerianaceae (Valerain Family) Echinodorus cordifolius Linaria canadensis Beaked cornsalad A; DA Grassy arrowhead P; ANAS Sharpwing monkeyflower A; QNQP Valerianella radiate Sagittaria graminea Mimulus alatus Broadleaf arrowhead P; HEW Canada lousewort, Wood betony P; QNQP Verbenaceae (Vervain Family) Sagittaria latifolia Pedicularis canadensis American beautyberry P; QNQP Foxglove beardtognue P; QFCA Callicarpa americana Araceae (Arum Family) Penstemon digitalis Rose vervain P; DA Green dragon P; QFCA Late figwort, Maryland fogwort, Glandularia canadensis Arisaema dracontium Carpenter’s square A; ANAS American lopseed P; URAS Jack-in-the-pulpit P; QNQP Scrophularia marilandica Phryma leptostachya Arisaema triphyllum Moth mullein A; QFCA Lanceleaf frogfruit P; ANAS Arrow arum P; HEW *Verbascum blattaria Phyla lanceolata ‡Peltandra virginica Common mullein, Woolly mullein B; DA Purpletop vervain A; HEW *Verbascum thapsus *Verbena bonariensis Arecaceae (Palm Family) Common speedwell, Corn speedwell A; DA Texas vervain P; QNQP Dwarf palmetto P; QFCA *Veronica arvensis Verbena halei ‡Sabal minor Purslane speedwell A; DA Narrowleaf vervain P; DA Veronica peregrine Verbena simplex Commelinaceae (Spiderwort Family) White vervain A; QFCA Climbing dayflower P; QNQP Solanaceae (Nightshade Family) Verbena urticifolia *Commelina diffusa Cutleaf groundcherry A; DA Slender dayflower, White-mouth Physalis angulata Violaceae (Violet Family) dayflower P; ANAS Clammy groundcherry P; DA Field pansy, Johnny jump-up A; DA Commelina erecta Physalis heterophylla Viola bicolor Virginia dayflower P; ANAS Virginia groundcherry P; QFCA Missouri violet P; QFCA Commelina virginica Physalis virginiana Viola missouriensis Ohio spiderwort P; QFCA Carolina horsenettle P; DA Downy yellow violet P; QFCA Tradescantia ohiensis Solanum carolinense Viola pubescens Black nightsahde A; DA Arrowleaf violet P; DA Cyperaceae (Sedge Family) Solanum ptycanthum Viola sagittata Eastern woodland sedge P; QNQP Common blue violet P; QFCA Carex blanda Staphyleaceae (Bladdernut Family) Viola sororia Shortbeak sedge P; HEW Bladdernut P; QFCA Seep violet P; HEW Carex brevior Staphylea trifolia Viola X primulifolia Carolina sedge P; HEW Carex caroliniana Styracaceae (Storax Family) Viscaceae (Mistletoe Family) Cherokee sedge P; QFCA American snowbells P; TDF Oak mistletoe P; QFCA Carex cherokeensis ‡Styrax americanus Phoradendron leucarpum Fringed sedge P; HEW Carex crinita Tiliaceae (Linden Family) Vitaceae (Grape Family) Crowfoot sedge, Raven foot sedge P; HEW American basswood P; QFCA Peppervine P; QNQP Carex crus-corvi Tilia americana var. americana Ampelopsis arborea Fecue sedge P; QFCA Sorrelvine P; DA Carex festucacea Ulmaceae (Elm Family) Cissus trifoliata Thinfruit sedge P; HEW Sugarberry P; URAS Virginia crepper P; URAS Carex flaccosperma Celtis laevigata Parthenocissus quinquefolia Giant sedge P; HEW Planertree, Water elm P; ANAS Summer grape P; QFCA Carex gigantea ‡Planera aquatica Vitis aestivalis Heavy sedge P; QNQP Winged elm P; QFCA, QNQP Graybark grape, Winter grape P; QFCA Carex gravida Ulmus alata Vitis cinerea Gray’s sedge P; HEW Cedar elm P; QFCA Cat grape, Catbird grape P; QNQP Carex grayi Ulmus crassifolia Vitis palmata Tissue sedge P; QNQP Red elm, Slippery elm P; QFCA, URAS Muscadine grape P; QFCA, QNQP, URAS ‡Carex hyalina Ulmus rubra Vitis rotundifolia Bottlebrush sedge P; HEW Frost grape P; QFCA Carex hystericina Urticaceae (Nettle Family) Vitis vulpina Greater bladder sedge P; HEW False nettle P; ANAS Carex intumescens Boehmeria cylindrica Cypress swamp sedge P; HEW Canadian wood nettle P; URAS Carex joorii Laportea canadensis Leavenworth’s sedge P; QNQP Dioscoreaceae (Yam Family) Marantaceae (Arrowroot Family) Carex leavenworthii Fourleaf yam P; QNQP Powdery alligator-flag, Powdery blue Hop sedge P; HEW Dioscorea quaternata thalia P; HEW Carex lupulina ‡Thalia dealbata Shallow sedge P; HEW Hydrocharitaceae (Tape Grass Family) Carex lurida Frogbite, American spongeplant P; TDF Orchidaceae (Orchid Family) Little tooth sedge P; QFCA Limnobium spongia Green wood orchid, Club-spur orchid P; HEW Carex microdonta ‡Platanthera clavellata Sharpscale sedge P; HEW Iridaceae (Iris Family) Nodding lady’s tresses P; QFCA ‡Carex oxylepis Celstial lily P; QFCA Spiranthes cernua Ozark sedge P; QFCA Nemastylis geminiflora Little lady’s tresses P; QFCA Carex ozarkana Narrowlweaf blue-eyed grass P; QFCA Spiranthes tuberosa Flat-spiked sedge P; QNQP Sisyrinchium angustifolium Cranefly orchid P; ANAS, QFCA Carex planispicata Prairie blue-eyed grass P; QNQP ‡Tipularia discolor Reflexed sedge P; QNQP Sisyrinchium campestre Carex retroflexa Poaceae (Grass Family) Texas sedge P; QNQP Juncaceae (Rush Family) Winter bentgrass P; HEW, QNQP Carex texensis Tapered rush P; QNQP Agrostis hyemalis Blunt broom sedge P; HEW Juncus acuminatus Upland bentgrass P; DA Carex tribuloides Toad rush A; DA Agrostis perennans Juncus bufonius Fox sedge P; HEW Silver hairgrass A; DA Leathery rush P; HEW Carex vulpinoidea *Aira caryophyllea Juncus coriaceus Tapertip flatsedge P; QFCA Carolina foxtail A; DA, HEW Slimpod rush P; HEW Cyperus acuminatus Juncus diffusissimus Alopecurus carolinianus Baldwin’s flatsedge P; DA Common rush P; HEW Big bluestem P; DA, GL Cyperus croceus Juncus effusus Andropogon gerardii Globe flatsedge P; DA Ringseed rush P; QFCA Oldield broomsedge P; DA Cyperus echinatus ‡Juncus filipendulus Andropogon virginicus Redroot flatsedge A; DA Grassleaf rush P; HEW Giant cane P; QNQP, URAS Cyperus erythrorhizos Juncus marginatus Arundinaria gigantea White-edge flatsedge A; QNQP Path rush P; QNQP Bearded shorthusk P; QFCA Cyperus flavicomus Juncus tenuis ‡Brachyelytrum erectum Bristly flatsedge P; QNQP Roundhead rush P; HEW Little quaking-grass A; DA Cyperus hystricinus Juncus validus *Briza minor Ricefield flatsedge P; DA Rescuegrass A; DA *Cyperus iria Lemnaceae (Duckweed Family) *Bromus catharticus Fragrant flatsedge A; HEW Giant duckweed, Common duckmeat A; TDF Japanese brome, Field brome A; DA Cyperus odoratus Spirodela polyrrhiza *Bromus japonicus Marsh flatsedge P; HEW Fish-on-a-pole, Indian woodoats Cyperus pseudovegetus Liliaceae (Lily Family) P; QNQP One-flower flatsedge P; DA Wild onion, Meadow garlic P; QFCA Chasmanthium latifolium Cyperus retroflexus Allium canadense var. canadense Slender woodoats P; QNQP Straw-colored flatsedge P; DA Wild onion, Meadow garlic P; QFCA Chasmanthium laxum Cyperus strigosus Allium canadense var. mobilense Longleaf woodoats P; QFCA, QNQP Three-way sedge P; HEW Autumn onion P; QFCA Chasmanthium sessiliflorum ‡Dulichium arundinaceum Allium stellatum Sweet woodreed P; HEW Daggerleaf spikerush A; HEW Wild hyacinth P; QFCA Cinna arundinacea Eleocharis lanceolata Camassia scilloides Bermudagrass P; DA Sand spikerush P; HEW Evening rain lily P; GL *Cynodon dactylon Eleocharis montevidensis Cooperia drummondii Poverty oatgrass P; QFCA Slender spikerush P; HEW Dogtooth violet P; QFCA Danthonia spicata Eleocharis tenuis var. verrucosa Erythronium americanum American beakgrain P; QFCA Slender fimbry A; HEW Yellow trout lily P; QFCA Diarrhena obovata Fimbristylis autumnalis Erythronium rostratum Lindheimer’s panicgrass P; QNQP Keeled bulrush A; QNQP Carolina spider lily P; QNQP Dichanthelium acuminatum var. Isolepis carinata ‡Hymenocallis caroliniana lindheimeri Low spike-sedge A; HEW Yellow-eyed grass P; QFCA Bosc’s panicgrass P; QNQP Kyllinga pumila Hypoxis hirsuta Dichanthelium boscii Short-bristle horned beaksedge P; HEW Crow poison P; QFCA Variable panicgrass P; QFCA Rhynchospora corniculata Nothoscordum bivalve Dichanthelium commutatum Clustered beaksedge P; HEW Star-of-Bethlehem P; DA Starved panicgrass P; QFCA Rhynchospora glomerata *Ornithogalum umbellatum Dichanthelium depauperatum Tall horned beaksedge P; HEW Solomon’s seal P; QFCA Cypress panicgrass P; QNQP Polygonatum biflorum Rhynchospora macrostachya Dichanthelium dichotomum var. Ozark green trillium P; ANAS, URAS Woolgrass P; HEW dichotomum Trillium viridescens Scirpus cyperinus Openflower panicgrass P; QFCA Death camas P; QFCA Rufous bulrush, Drooping bulrush P; HEW Zigadenus nuttallii Dichanthelium laxiflorum Scirpus pendulus Velvet panicgrass P; HEW Wiry panicgrass A; QFCA Pontederiaceae (Mudplantain Family) Dichanthelium scoparium Panicum flexile Blue mudplantain P; HEW Round seed panicgrass P; QNQP Hall’s panicgrass P; QNQP Heteranthera limosa Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon var. Panicum hallii Pickerelweed P; HEW isophyllum Redtop panicgrass P; HEW Pontederia cordata Smooth crabgrass A; DA Panicum rigidulum *Digitaria ischaemum Dallisgrass P; QFCA Potamogetonaceae (Pondweed Family) Southern crabgrass A; DA *Paspalum dilatatum Spotted pondweed P; TDF *Digitaria sanguinalis Horsetail paspalum A; DA Potamogeton pulcher Rough barnyard grass A; HEW Paspalum fluitans *Echinochloa muricata Field paspalum P; DA Smilacaceae (Greenbrier Family) Walter’s barnyard grass A; HEW Paspalum laeve Cat greenbrier P; QFCA *Echinochloa walteri Bahiagrass P; DA Smilax glauca Goosegrass A; DA *Paspalum notatum Carrion flower P; QNQP *Eleusine indica Thin paspalum P; DA Smilax herbacea Canada wildrye P; QNQP Paspalum setaceum Laurel greenbrier P; QNQP Elymus canadensis Vasey’s grass P; QFCA Smilax laurifolia Eastern bottlebrush grass P; QFCA *Paspalum urvillei Common greenbrier, Roundleaf Elymus hystrix var. hystrix Savannah panicgrass P; HEW reenbrier P; QNQP Virginia wildrye P; QFCA Phanopyrum gymnocarpon Smilax rotundifolia Elymus virginicus Annual bluegrass A; DA Lanceleaf greenbrier P; QNQP Hairy lovegrass, Bigtop lovegrass P; DA *Poa annua ‡Smilax smallii Eragrostis hirsuta Kentucky bluegrass P; QFCA Bristly greenbrier P; QFCA Teal lovegrass A; HEW *Poa pratensis Smilax tamnoides Eragrostis hypnoides Woodland bluegrass P; QFCA Purple lovegrass P; DA Poa sylvestris Sparganiaceae (Bur-reed Family) Eragrostis spectabilis Shortbeard plumegrass P; HEW Branched bur-reed P; HEW Floating managrass P; HEW Saccharum brevibarbe Sparganium androcladum Glyceria septentrionalis American cupscale P; TDF Fowl managrass P; HEW ‡Sacciolepis striata Typhaceae (Cattail Family) Glyceria striata Little bluestem P; QFCA Narrow-leaf cattail P; HEW Little barley A; DA Schizachyrium scoparium Typha angustifolia Hordeum pusillum Marsh bristlegrass P; DA Rice cutgrass P; HEW Setaria parviflora The Vascular Flora of the Little River Leersia oryzoides Johnsongrass P; DA National Wildlife Refuge, McCurtain Virginia cutgrass P; QNQP *Sorghum halepense County, Oklahoma Leersia virginica Composite dropseed P; QFCA was compliled by Bruce W. Hoagland*1,2 Perennial ryegrass P; DA Sporobolus compositus and Amy Buthod1 *Lolium perenne Gaping grass P; HEW Twoflower melicgrass P; QNQP Steinchisma hians 1Oklahoma Biological Survey, Melica mutica Purpletop P; QFCA Nepalese browntop A; QNQP Tridens flavus 2Department of Geography; *Microstegium vimineum Longspike tridens P; DA University of Oklahoma, Nimblewill P; QNQP Tridens strictus Norman, Oklahoma 73019-0575 Muhlenbergia schreberi Eastern gamagrass P; ANAS Texas wintergrass P; GL Tripsacum dactyloides Nassella leucotricha Brome fescue A; GL Basketgrass P; QNQP *Vulpia bromoides ‡Oplismenus hirtellus ssp. setarius Rat-tail fescue A; DA Beaked panicgrass P; QFCA *Vulpia myuros Panicum anceps Sixweeks fescue A; DA Prairie panicgrass P; QFCA Vulpia octoflora ‡Panicum brachyanthum Giant cutgrass P; HEW, TDF Fall panicgrass P; QFCA Zizaniopsis miliacea Panicum dichotomiflorum

U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 1 800/344 WILD www.fws.gov

February 2010