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Marine Gastropods and Bivalves in the Mangrove Swamps of Myeik Areas, Taninthayi Region, Myanmar

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Marine Gastropods and Bivalves in the Mangrove Swamps of Myeik Areas, Taninthayi Region, Myanmar Journal of Aquaculture & Marine Biology Research Article Open Access Marine gastropods and bivalves in the mangrove swamps of Myeik Areas, Taninthayi region, Myanmar Abstract Volume 8 Issue 3 - 2019 The study on species identification, distribution and occurrence of gastropods and Hein Zar Htwe,1 Naung Naung Oo2 bivalves from mangrove swamps of Myeik areas, such as Kyweku, Lighthouse, 1 Inlaymyine and Pahtet were conducted during July 2013 to March 2014 to observe Department of Marine Science, Myeik University, Myanmar 2Department of Marine Science, Mawlamyine University, the diverse species, economic importance and their habitats. A total of 23 species Myanmar belonging to 3 orders, 8 families, 14 genera of gastropods and 6 species belonging to 3 orders, 4 families, 6 genera of bivalves were recorded from the mangrove swamps of Correspondence: Hein Zar Htwe, Department of Marine study areas. The diverse species of gastropods were found in Kyweku station followed Science, Myeik University, Taninthayi Region, Myanmar, by Lighthouse, Pahtet and Inlaymyine. The bivalves’ species were found in Lighthouse Email followed by Kyweku, Pahtet, and Inlaymyine. Received: May 13, 2019 | Published: May 24, 2019 Keywords: bivalves, gastropod, mollusks, mangrove, Myeik areas, Taninthayi Region, Myanmar Introduction elucidate the conchological characters of gastropods and bivalves in selected mangrove swamps of Myeik areas in Myanmar. In Myeik coastal area, many coral reefs surround the outer islands and mangrove cover much of inner islands. Also, very wide seagrass Material and methods beds, mudflats and sandy beaches are widespread along the mainland and island coastlines. The warm tropical temperature and monsoon Study areas: The present study was conducted in the mangrove wet season make the region’s sea highly productive and supportive swamp of Myeik Coastal and its adjacent areas that are Kyweku, of rich and extensive marine habitats. Many small and large island Lighthouse, Inlaymyine and Pahtet. The location of study areas is ecosystems with their associated habitats then support a wealth of shown in Figure 1. Kyweku (Lat. 12º 29’N and Long. 98º 34’E) is marine resources. located near the human settlement and ship building, and mangrove swamp has about 0.23km2 where fresh water flow from the Kyauk The mangroves from southern Myeik Archipelago are selectively Phyar river. Lighthouse (Lat. 12º 28’N and Long. 98º 35’E) is located diverse and is regarded as the area of mangrove where it forms near the human settlement and peddle field, and mangrove swamp has dominant coastal community. There are still very good potentials for 0.29km2. Inlaymyine (Lat. 12º 24’N and Long. 98º 38’E) is located further expanse in aquaculture ventures in mangrove swamp areas near the human settlement and fishery industry, and mangrove swamp and mangrove lined waterways. The rearing of edible oyster, mussel, has about 0.23km2 where freshwater flow from the Yaw Gyi River cockle and hard clam can also be developed into large lucrative and Taninthayi River. Pahtet (Lat. 12º 24’N and Long. 98º 38’E) has ventures for both export and domestic consumption. Seashell could near the mud crab culture farm and fishmeal industry, and mangrove play a very important role in providing the much needed food and swamp has about 0.06km2. Tidal rhythm in the study areas regularly economic benefits to the local populace. The goal of this study is to occur twice a day. Figure 1. Map showing the location of study areas Figure 1 Map showing the location of study areas. Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com J Aquac Mar Biol. 2019;8(3):82‒93. 82 © 2019 Htwe et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially. Copyright: Marine gastropods and bivalves in the mangrove swamps of Myeik Areas, Taninthayi region, Myanmar ©2019 Htwe et al. 83 Sample collection and Preservation lateral). The literature used for the identification of gastropods and bivalves species were Morris,3 Melvin,4 Tantansiriwong,5 Soe Thu,6 Mollusks (gastropods and bivalves) species were collected from Reid,1 Mar Lar Myo Sein,7 Aye Thida Thein,8 Tan and Sigurdsson,9 five stations in mangrove swamp of Myeik coastal and adjacent areas, Poutiers,10 Taat Tun Thu,11 Carpenter,2 Ng and Sivasothi,12 Oliver,13 from July 2013 to March 2014.Triplicated samples were bimonthly Aye Thant Zin et al.,14 and Naung Naung Oo.15 collected. Measurement of shell height (H), length (L), inflation (In), breadth (B), aperture length(LA) and aperture width (WA) were taken Results with digital vernier caliper (Precision=0.01mm).1,2 After collection, the specimens were washed, cleaned and they were then preserved A total of 29 species of mollusks were collected from the mangrove in 10% of naturalized formalin. After a few days, they are generally swamps of study areas during the study period (from July 2013 to kept in 70% alcohol for several days. After preserved, all the shells March 2014)(Figure 2) (Figure 3). The composition of the species were washed again; cleaned and dried to storage the samples. And were 23 species belonging to 3 orders, 8 families, 14 genera under they were lightly rubbed with a small amount of olive oil applied with the class gastropoda and 6 species belonging to 3 orders, 5 families, 6 a tuft of cotton for taking photograph. And then, all specimens were genera under the class bivalvia. In gastropod, 3 species of Neritidae, deposited at Marine Science Museum of Myeik University. 4 species of Littorinidae, 1 species of Assimineidae, 4 species of Potamididae, 1 species of Naticidae, 1 species of Muricidae, 2 species Identification of Nassariidae, 1 species of Melongenidae and 6 species of Ellobidae. In bivalves, 1 species of Arcidae, 1 species of Mytilidae, 2 species The identification of gastropods and bivalves species was done of Ostreidae, 1 species of Corbiculidae and one species of Veneridae mainly through the study of their conchological character such as were observed (Table 1) (Table 2). the morphology of shells, their color, luster and teeth (cardinal and Figure 2 Gastropods:(a) Dorsal view, (b) Ventral view; Figure 1, Nerita lineata; Figure 2, Nerita funiculata; Figure 3, Dosita violaceae; Figure 4, Littoraria conica; Figure 5, Littoraria scarba; Figure 6, Littoraria melanostoma; Figure 7, Littoria strigata; Figure 8, Assiminea brevicula; Figure 9, Telescopium telescopium; Figure 10, Cerithidea cingulata; Figure 11, Cerithidea obtusa; Figure 13, Cerithidea rhizophorarum; Figure 13, Natica trgrina; Figure 14, Thais rufotincta; Figure 15, Nassarius dorsatus; Figure 16, Nassarius jacksonianus; Figure, Pugilina ternatana; Figure 18, Ellobium aurisijudaei; Figure 19,Cassidula aurisifelis; Figure 20, Cassidula mustelina; Figure 21, Pythia pantherina; Figure 22, Pythia scarabaeus; Figure 23, Melampus zonztus. Citation: Htwe HZ, Naung NO. Marine gastropods and bivalves in the mangrove swamps of Myeik Areas, Taninthayi region, Myanmar. J Aquac Mar Biol. 2019;8(3):82‒93. DOI: 10.15406/jamb.2019.08.00246 Copyright: Marine gastropods and bivalves in the mangrove swamps of Myeik Areas, Taninthayi region, Myanmar ©2019 Htwe et al. 84 Figure 3 Bivalvess: (a) Dorsal view, (b) Ventral view; Figure 1, Anadara granosa; Figure 2, Perna viridis; Figure 3, Planostrea pestigris; Figure 4, Saccostrea cuccullata; Figure 5, Polymesoda expansa; Figure 6, Meretrix meretrix. Table 1 Classification list of gastropods occurring in the study areas. Sr. Family Genus Species Class No. Order Phylum 1 Nerita lineata Nerita 2 Nerita funiculata Neritidae Dosita 3 Dosita violaceae Archaeo- Archaeo- gastropoda 4 Littoraria conica 5 Littoraria scarba Littorinidae Littoraria 6 Littoraria melanostoma 7 Littoraria strigata Assimineidae Assiminea 8 Assiminea brevicula Telescopium 9 Telescopium telescopium 10 Cerithidea cingulata Potamididae Mesogastropoda Cerithidea 11 Cerithidea obtusa 12 Cerithidea rhizophorarum Naticidae Natica 13 Natica tigrina Muricidae Thais 14 Thais rufotincta Mollusca Gastropoda 15 Nassarius dorsatus Nassariidae Nassarius 16 Nassarius jacksonianus Melongenidae Pugilina 17 Pugilina ternatana Ellobium 18 Ellobium aurisijudae Neogastropoda 19 Cassidula aurisifelis Cassidula 20 Cassidula mustelina Melampidae (= Ellobidae) 21 Pythia pantherina Pythia 22 Pythia scarabaeus Melampus 23 Melampus zonatus Citation: Htwe HZ, Naung NO. Marine gastropods and bivalves in the mangrove swamps of Myeik Areas, Taninthayi region, Myanmar. J Aquac Mar Biol. 2019;8(3):82‒93. DOI: 10.15406/jamb.2019.08.00246 Copyright: Marine gastropods and bivalves in the mangrove swamps of Myeik Areas, Taninthayi region, Myanmar ©2019 Htwe et al. 85 Table 2 Classification list of bivalves occurring in the study areas FAO name: Polished nerite. Local name: Kha-yuu-ma. Sr. Measurement: H-17.21mm, B-15.63mm, LA-6.62mm, WA-8.91mm. Family Genus Species Class No. Order Phylum Description: Shell globe and ovate, medium size and thick. Apex low. Shell sculpture with numerous striped fine spiral cords. Parietal wall have 4-6 small pustules and ridges on side adjoining body Arcidae Anadara 1 Anadara granosa whorl. Inner lip of aperture with 4-5 teeth and outer lip blunt, and denticulated, usually with one prominent large tooth at upper corner. Arcidae Mytilidae Perna 2 Perna viridis Operculum is paucisipral with marginal nucleus. Shell color is grayish with wavy bands of black and white. Outer lip of aperture with black and
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