Hunters, Can You Tell a Common Coyote from a Rare Red Wolf?

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Hunters, Can You Tell a Common Coyote from a Rare Red Wolf?

Hunters, can you tell DEFENDERS OF WILDLIFE www.defenders.org/wildlife/wolf/redwolf.html a common coyote from a rare red wolf? U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE The coyote is fair game; the red www.fws.gov/alligatorriver/redwolf.html wolf, an endangered species restored to North Carolina, is not. Unfortunately, it’s tough to tell the two apart—especially young RED WOLF COALITION www.redwolves.com animals—and red wolves are shot To report a dead or injured red wolf, by mistake. call the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service at 252-473-1131. Not all red wolves wear radio collars and, despite their name, they come in many of the same colors as coyotes: brown, buff, tan, gray, reddish brown and a vari- ety of combinations. Adult red wolves are Coyote Red wolf taller, longer and heavier than coyotes, Height (at shoulder) 22 inches 26 inches but in the summer and fall, their pups Length (tip of nose to base of tail) 3 feet 4 feet are similar in size to coyotes. Weight: 25-35 pounds 50-80 pounds Y E Harming a red wolf is against N U A M the law.* Play it safe: D R O F © DON’T SHOOT EAST OF STATE : E T O Y HIGHWAY 32! O C E E The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service F C manages coyotes found east of 32 M D A (red line on map) in the area inhabited R B © by red wolves (gray on map), so you’re : F L more likely to see young red wolves there O than coyotes. W *Red wolves are protected under the federal Endangered Species Act. Killing one can result in civil and/or criminal penalties that may include fines and forfeiture of any property used in the crime. .

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Report Highlights
Consensus Study Report October 2020 HIGHLIGHTS A Research Strategy to Examine the Taxonomy of the RED WOLF Dramatic reductions in the population of modern WHY DO MORE RESEARCH ON red wolf, Canis rufus in the eastern United States led to THE RED WOLF? their re-introduction by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service There are three possible explanations for the significant (USFWS) into North Carolina in the early 1980s. Since amount of coyote ancestry in modern red wolves. First, then, USFWS has managed a population of red wolves that the extant red wolves may be hybrids between coyotes was established from re-introduced individuals. However, and either gray wolves or what were once red wolves. subsequent genetic studies of the managed population Hybridization may have occurred long ago or in more indicated that these wolves displayed evidence of significant recent years. Evidence suggests that some hybridization coyote ancestry. This discovery raised the issue of whether certainly occurred in the 20th century as red wolf the extant managed1 population in North Carolina was a populations dwindled in size while coyotes expanded valid species that was eligible for conservation and recovery. their range eastward. Second, the extant red wolves may In March 2019, at the request of USFWS, the National have diverged from coyotes recently enough that they Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine issued continue to share alleles, even though each species has its a report that provided evidence that retained the existing own forward evolutionary trajectory— a situation referred taxonomic designation of the red wolf and reinforced the to as incomplete lineage sorting.
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