Sdílené Biografie Aranžovaných Manželství V Církvi Sjednocení

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Sdílené Biografie Aranžovaných Manželství V Církvi Sjednocení Masarykova univerzita v Brně Filozofická fakulta Ústav religionistiky Disertační práce Sdílené biografie aranžovaných manželství v Církvi sjednocení Vedoucí práce: Mgr. Milan Fujda, Ph.D. Zpracovala: Mgr. Andrea Beláňová 2017 Prohlašuji, že jsem tuto práci vypracovala samostatně a jen s využitím pramenů a literatury v práci uvedených. V Brně dne ………………………………………………. Obsah Obsah ............................................................................................................................................... 1 Poděkování....................................................................................................................................... 3 Úvod ................................................................................................................................................. 5 1 Církev sjednocení jako (ne)specifický terén? .............................................................................. 7 1.1 Vymezení pojmů a technické poznámky ............................................................................. 7 1.2 Církev sjednocení: Historie, teologie, Mun a Bůh ............................................................... 8 1.2.1 Církev sjednocení v České republice ...................................................................... 12 1.2.2 Teologie: Pád a Obnova ......................................................................................... 15 1.2.3 Postava Boha .......................................................................................................... 18 1.2.4 Son Mjong Mun ve veřejném a církevním diskurzu ............................................... 20 1.3 Aranžované manželství jako středobod všeho ................................................................. 27 1.3.1 Manželství, sex a láska ........................................................................................... 27 1.3.2 Matching v čase: Od Muna k rodičům ................................................................... 34 1.3.3 Současné generace v církvi .................................................................................... 39 2 Teoreticko-metodologická východiska ..................................................................................... 41 2.1 Povaha výzkumu ............................................................................................................... 41 2.1.1 Pozice v terénu ....................................................................................................... 41 2.1.2 Získávání a zpracování dat ..................................................................................... 44 2.2 Výzkumné téma: Sdílené biografie ................................................................................... 46 2.2.1 Význam biografie v životě munisty/ky: Funkce životních příběhů......................... 50 2.3 Možnosti vazby biografie na identitu munisty/ky ............................................................ 51 3 Analýza životních vyprávění ...................................................................................................... 55 3.1 Modelové biografie: Praví rodiče, mučedníci a mučednice .............................................. 55 3.1.1 Munova biografie: (Ne)opakovatelný příběh......................................................... 55 3.1.2 Pravá matka: Genderová specifika......................................................................... 59 3.1.3 Mučedníci a mučednice: Emilia Steberlová ........................................................... 64 3.2 První generace................................................................................................................... 68 3.2.1 Dětství a adolescence ............................................................................................ 68 3.2.2 Konverze: Mocnější aktéři a duchovní zážitky ....................................................... 69 3.2.3 První roky v církvi ................................................................................................... 76 3.2.4 Příběh matchingu: Příprava, akceptace, vtip a shrnutí .......................................... 77 3.3 Druhá generace ................................................................................................................. 88 1 3.3.1 Opakování historek první generace ....................................................................... 89 3.3.2 Období dospívání, sourozenci a pozice rodičů....................................................... 92 3.3.3 Druhá generace: Příběh matchingu ....................................................................... 98 3.3.4 Nové použití humoru ........................................................................................... 102 3.4 Konvertité a konvertitky ................................................................................................. 103 3.4.1 Dětství, adolescence a konverze .......................................................................... 106 3.4.2 Příběh matchingu a přítomnost mocnějších aktérů ............................................ 108 3.4.3 Po matchingu ....................................................................................................... 111 3.5 Nestandardní biografie ................................................................................................... 113 3.5.1 Vilma: Čekání na matching ................................................................................... 114 3.5.2 Lenka: Manžel ateista .......................................................................................... 116 3.5.3 Katka: Útěk z matchingu ...................................................................................... 118 3.5.4 Shrnutí: Cesta na periferii .................................................................................... 121 3.6 Apostaté .......................................................................................................................... 123 3.6.1 Jan a Eva: Nevhodně zamilování .......................................................................... 124 3.6.2 Olga: Nepožehnaný matching .............................................................................. 126 3.6.3 Nestandardní biografie: Shrnutí........................................................................... 128 4 Závěr ....................................................................................................................................... 130 Abstrakt ........................................................................................................................................ 136 Abstract ........................................................................................................................................ 137 5 Literatura a zdroje................................................................................................................... 138 5.1 Primární zdroje ................................................................................................................ 138 5.2 Sekundární zdroje ........................................................................................................... 139 5.3 Další zdroje: Webové stránky .......................................................................................... 144 2 Poděkování V roce 2010, krátce po narození prvního syna, jsem se rozhodovala o tématu pro svou diplomovou práci. Hledala jsem takový religionistický „materiál“, který by byl stále nedostatečně prozkoumaný, a přitom by se jeho zpracování dalo vztáhnout k vlastním každodenním zkušenostem. Jako zaměření magisterského studia jsem si vybrala současnou religiozitu a nabídka potenciálních výzkumných problémů se zdála být nekonečná. Zásadním inspiračním momentem se mi stalo až opětovné shledání se starou známou, během něhož jsme se opět dostaly k její minulosti v Církvi sjednocení. Adéla, jež se stala i mou první informantkou a vděčím jí za mnoho kontaktů, působila v církvi tři roky, aby ji pak s klidem opustila. Její vyprávění se natolik lišilo od všech sektobijeckých líčení, že jsem se nutně začala zajímat o další příběhy z Církve sjednocení i mimo ni. Po roce sbírání rozhovorů a vyjasňování vlastních pozic vznikla diplomová práce zaměřená na zkušenosti odpadlíků od Církve sjednocení. S volbou pokračovat na univerzitě v doktorském studiu se objevila i otázka, jakým výzkumným směrem se vydat. Volba nebyla těžká: v mých materiálech stále zůstávalo mnoho nezpracovaného a stále mi vrtala hlavou propojenost příběhů odpadlíků s jejich nezdařenými partnerstvími. Formulování konkrétního výzkumného problému a další sběr dat trvalo pět let, během kterých jsme strávili rok výzkumem ve Spojených státech amerických, a do rodiny přibyla dcera. Výslednou podobu začala má disertační práce dostávat až v roce 2016. Do té doby ji různě ovlivnily i granty, publikace, řada konferenčních výstupů, ale především mnohé hodiny diskusí, promýšlení a hledání těch správných slov a přístupů. Předkládaný text je tak propojením mnoha zdrojů, ať už rozhovorů, terénních poznámek či emailů, a dále rozprav a nápadů dalších osob. Právě bez nezištné pomoci a důvěry ostatních by práce nemohla být nikdy dotažena do úspěšného konce. Chtěla bych proto na tomto místě poděkovat všem informantům a informantkám, sdílejícími se mnou své příběhy. Především Olga byla vždy mou první čtenářkou, kritičkou a zdrojem cenných informací „zevnitř“. Informanti a informantky z českého, slovenského a amerického prostředí vždy s upřímným zájmem sledovali vývoj mé práce a zásobovali
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