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'£&»= Oak Ridge Reseivati
44IESQ March 1996
«A- . <* r i ^ 1 TEH This report has been reproduced directly from the best available copy.
Available to DOE and DOE contractors from the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, P.O. Box 62, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; prices available from 423-576-8401 (fax 423-576-2865).
Available to the public from the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, 5285 Port Royal Rd., Springfield, VA 22161.
Tills document supersedes the Environmental Restoration Community Relations Plan for the OakRidge Reservation (DOE/ORO-928) published in March \99l',ih&Pitblic Involvement Plan for the Oak Ridge Reservation (DOE/ORO-928, Rev. 1) published in March 1995; andthejPaWfc Involvement Plan for the OakRidge Reservation (DOE/ORO-928, Rev. 2) published hi September 1995. DOE/OR/01-1445&D1
Energy Systems Environmental Restoration Program U.S. Department of Energy Oak Ridge Operations Environmental Management Public Involvement Plan for the Oak Ridge Reservation
Date Issued—March 1996
Prepared by . Science Applications International Corporation Oak Ridge, Tennessee under subcontract 43B-99069C, Y-05
LOCKHEED MARTIN ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC. managing the Environmental Management Activities at the Oak Ridge K-25 Site Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-84OR21400 for the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
This document has been approved for release to the public by the K-25 Site Technical Information Officer. Date: <£/llM(a
D!STRiD,JT!OH OF THIS DCC-TiEM" IS UNUMI1© ^ Science Applications International Corporation contributed to the preparation of this document and should not be considered an eligible contractor for its review. This Public Involvement Plan for the Oak Ridge Reservation (DOE/OR/ 01-1445&D1) was prepared in accordance with requirements of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) for writing community relations plans. The work was performed under Work Breakdown Structure 1.4.12.2.3.01 (Activity Data Sheet 8301). Publication of this document meets a Federal Facility Agreement milestone of March 15,1996.
This document includes information on how the DOE Oak Ridge Operations Office prepares and executes Environmental Management community relations activities.
This document supersedes the following documents:
• Community Relations Plan for the Environmental Restoration Program at the Oak Ridge Reservation, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (DOE/ORO-928), March 1991 • Public Involvement Plan for the Oak Ridge Reservation (DOE/ORO- 928 Rev. 1), March 1995 • Public Involvement Plan for the Oak Ridge Reservation (DOE/ORO- 928 Rev. 2), September 1995
DISCLAIMER
This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsi• bility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Refer• ence herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recom• mendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.
i
DOE provides a number of information sources for you
For More Information
For more information about the topics covered in this publication, please contact:
Lockheed Martin Energy Systems Community Relations Program 1-800-382-6938 (576-4006 in the local Oak Ridge calling area) Provides information on local public involvement opportunities and issues
Environmental Management Information Resource Center 105 Broadway Avenue Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 (423) 241-4582 Houses official Administrative Records and other environmental reports for Oak Ridge Reservation environmental cleanup work
DOE Oak Ridge Public Information Office 200 Administration Road, Federal Building Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-8502 (423) 576-0885 The point of contact for DOE's Environmental Management Community Relations Program
DOE Oak Ridge Public Reading Room 55 Jefferson Avenue Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 (423) 576-1216 Electronic mail address: [email protected] Information center for many documents concerning DOE environmental cleanup and other decisions
Center for Environmental Management Information 1-800-736-3282 (1-800-7EMDATA) A DOE national publication clearinghouse serving the public, educators and industry clip and save Q.
Contents
Preface i
For More Information ii
A Letter to Stakeholders 1
Section I: The Public Involvement Plan 2
Section II: Public involvement in Oak Ridge 5
Section IE: Public involvement in 1995 14
Appendix A Environmental Management in Oak Ridge 19
Appendix B Community and regional overview 23
Appendix C Key laws, agreements and policy 27
Appendix D Principal contacts 31
V
DOE is looking for your input
WHO IS A STAKEHOLDER? Since it began its environmental Section I: program in the 1980s, DOE has You are. listened to your opinions and concerns. As a result, DOE has In the early 1990s, as DOE The Public refined and improved its broadened its public approach to environmental involvement efforts, it found issues and public involvement. Today, Environmental that thousands of persons Involvement Management programs have were interested in its come to depend on your input. environmental cleanup Plan activities. The list included No two environmental projects members of environmental are the same. And DOE tailors groups, civic leaders, its public involvement approach government and contractor for each project to ensure that you have ample time and employees, representatives of information to express your environmental companies, views. Because of this, the Public labor union representatives Involvement Plan lists sources of and members of the information and describes general public. commonly used public information methods. All have an interest in the outcome of DOE - '"'""'•.' • "•' A quick tour through envkohrnental decisions; For the plan some it means jobs, others a cleaner environment. To Information on how the public involvement program evolved is describe this diverse group of included in Section II, along interested citizens, DOE * with an overview of the ways borrowed a phrase from Gold DOE works to keep you Rush days: Each person holds a informed, hear your views and stake—an interest—in DOE keep lines of communication decisions; each is a stakeholder. open. Section in is a review of 1995 public involvement work. Throughout the sections, you will find short articles, maps and tables that provide condensed information or list sources for additional details.
2 Join DOE in its local environmental decisions
A Letter to Stakeholders
Dear Stakeholder:
This Public Involvement Plan is your user's guide for getting involved in U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) environmental decisions in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. It outlines the many ways you can help DOE find solutions to its environmental challenges.
This plan also can help you find a level of involvement that is comfortable for you: You may wish to speak your mind on specific issues, or simply remain informed of developments and decisions. The plan tells you how to get involved and find the sources of information you need.
DOE's environmental work at Oak Ridge is a complex job involving millions of dollars, thousands of employees and dozens of companies. Your input on this work can help DOE make better environmental decisions-decisions that reflect your values and concerns. DOE has benefited from public input in several major decisions in Oak Ridge; some of these impacts are described in this plan.
If you would like to know more or give us your thoughts about the DOE public involvement process, please call the DOE Public Information Office at (423) 576-0885 or the Lockheed Martin Energy Systems Community Relations Office at 1-800-382-6938 (576-4006 within the Oak Ridge local calling area).
Sincerely,
Assistant Manager Environmental Management Department of Energy, Oak Ridge Operations
1 on environmental issues
The plan's appendixes include supplemental information- Refer to these for descriptions of the DOE Oak Ridge Environmental Management Program, the Oak WHAT PROGRAMS DOES Ridge region and the people DOE works with. THIS PLAN COVER?
The Public Involvement Plan focuses on DOE's Environmental Management public involvement activities- Environmental Management is composed of the following programs:
• Environmental Restoration • Technology Development • Waste Management
These are explained in greater detail in Appendix A of this plan- Oak Ridge is the center of other well-known environmental programs. For example, scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory conduct research on the environment, and some research results help improve DOE's approach to environmental cleanup and waste management. Generally, such programs are not part of the DOE Environmental Management organization and are not covered in this plan. DOE Site Locations
/
r Y-12H I Knoxville I'tetlraii! / ./ ^Kingston ,' / \ f~ ,-y\® aOJKISCO. (8 F /i ^ / LOUDOKCO. .Spring Crt '%-/ Q Regional Map / f To Chattanooga
W/iere is the Oak Ridge Reservation?
The Oak Ridge Reservation is The Oak Ridge Reservation • David Witherspoon site, approximately 35,000 acres in East includes the Y-12 Plant, the K-25 • Solway drums, Tennessee. It includes portions of Site and the Oak Ridge National • Oak Ridge West End Sewage the city of Oak Ridge. The Clinch Laboratory. Each of these facilities Digester, River surrounds the Reservation on has ongoing environmental cleanup its east and south. The land was projects. • Oak Ridge Associated entirely held by the federal Universities South Campus Facility, government during the Manhattan Other area cleanup sites include: Project effort to build the first • CSX Railroad, and • East Fork Poplar Creek, nuclear weapon. • Elza Gate site. • Clinch River/Watts Bar Reservoir, More information on the • Atomic City Auto Parts, Reservation and the cleanup sites is available in Appendixes A and B.
4 Public involvement grows in scope and reach Section II: Public involvement in Oak Ridge
Beginning in the early 1980s, The resulting study of mercury events helped reshape DOE's in East Fork Poplar Creek was approach to the Oak Ridge one of DOE's first large-scale, environment. As a result of these local cleanup efforts. By 1995, changes, DOE was able to give when DOE announced its plans you and other interested persons for cleaning ihe creek's a larger say in its environmental floodplain, the study had decisions. become a model for public input to DOE's decisions. One of the first steps toward an open public involvement More detail about public program began in 1983. DOE involvement in the East announced that mercury from Fork Poplar Creek cleanup the Y-12 Plant had contaminated appears m Section III of parts of East Fork Poplar Creek this document. and its Soodplain. Mercury had been used in the production of The global picture nuclear weapons components from the 1950s through the also shaped local 1970s. events
Then, in 1989, the Oak Ridge International events also had Reservation was placed on the effects locally. The breakup of National Priorities List, which is fee Soviet Union and ihe maintained by the U.S. Warsaw Pact in the 1980s led to Environmental Protection the end of the decades-old Cold Agency. Sites on the list must be War. As U.S. policy focused less studied and cleaned according on large nuclear weapons to the Comprehensive stockpiles and more on the peace Environmental Response, dividend, DOE's work in Compensation, and Liability Act producing weapons materials (CERCLA), often referred to as lessened and its emphasis on Superfund, which set national environmental cleanup standards for cleaning increased. hazardous waste sites. As the Cold War wound down, To learn more about the the need for rigorous secrecy in National Priorities List, many DOE programs decreased. Superfund and other laws DOE was able to talk publicly affecting the cleanup of about environmental concerns Oak Ridge sites, see Appendix C created by years of local of this document. weapons study and production.
5 releases and articles in DOE's Environmental Update. DOE frequently asks for comment on a specific project during a public comment period that may last 30 or more days.
Provide information to you.
For each environmental decision it faces, DOE creates reports, studies and data. These are available to you through various avenues. In most cases, DOE will send information to your home or office free or for a small fee.
DOE also publishes the Oak Ridge Reservation Annual Site Environmental Report. You can find these and other status reports in the Information Resource Center and the DOE Reading Room. Question and answer session at a DOE public meeting. More information on the The 1990s: Increased you learn about and participate Information Resource in environmental decision Center and the DOE citizen participation Reading Room is available making. on page 9. By 1990, DOE was squarely on Include public -participation the path to increased in the program plan. DOE establishes Administrative environmental public Records for sites where involvement The benefit for DOE wants to hear from you. environmental study and you: more say in DOE "Whether the work is managing cleanup falls under Superfund environmental decisions mat wastes, cleaning up a regulations. Administrative affect your home, health, contaminated area, or adopting Records are collections of business, or job. For DOE: better a new technology, DOE documents that form the basis environmental decisions as it managers include ample time for DOE's decision about the added your input to the already and opportunities for public actions required to clean the site. available information. input. The Information Resource Center houses official public Administrative Records. You Inform you of the opportunity Today's approach: may obtain these at no for involvement. additional charge. DOE Inform, listen, decide announces the availability of This generally involves Administrative Records in local DOE public participation announcing the opportunity newspaper advertisements. ' activities typically involve the through newspaper following steps designed to help advertisements, mailings, news
6 Listen to your input. one is not scheduled, the environmental projects. Program public can request a meeting managers weigh your views DOE typically offers four ways during a public comment about project costs or goals you can provide input on its period. In every case, public along with technical data and environmental programs: comment periods give you an regulatory requirements. opportunity to express your 1. Regular stakeholder meetings views in writing. Announce the decision. are held three to four times a year. Each meeting covers a More information on where DOE wants you to know its variety of topics and consists DOB holds its Oak Ridge decisions and how it considered of briefings by DOE program environmental public your input. In some cases, an meetings is available on managers, a period for your page 11. additional public meeting is held comments or questions and to explain the decision and the poster sessions where you can effect you had on it. learn more. Weigh your input. Many decision documents 2. Meetings or hearings on specific Your perspective can help DOE contain Responsiveness projects are scheduled as see its programs and plans in a Summaries that show the range needed or required, and are new light DOE uses your input of comment and how their usually held during public to make its final decisions about comments affected the decisions. comment periods. These meetings start with a short information session followed by a time for your views or questions. Meeting locations are usually near the affected site.
3. The Oak Ridge Reservation Environmental Management Site Specific Advisory Board, a citizen's panel advising DOE's Environmental Management Program, meets monthly at sites in or around Oak Ridge. Board meetings are open, and each meeting contains a time for public input
4. Public comment periods are held as needed to get your input on a specific project They are announced in newspapers, mailings and the Environmental Update. Often, DOE holds a public meeting during the comment period; if A public tour at the Y-12 Plant in Oak Ridge.
7 Other community Environmental Update News releases relations methods A newsletter of ihe DOE Information provided by DOE to Environmental Management local newspapers, radio stations Program containing information and television stations. Several other approaches DOE on specific projects. DOE uses to gain your input on distributes nearly 40,000 copies Speakers bureau environmental issues and projects by mail and in local newspapers. are shown below. The approach Call 1-800-382-6938 to have your A group of speakers available to may differ from project to project name included on the mailing speak to school, civic and list. community organizations about Advertisements environmental work in and around Oak Ridge. You may call Announce environmental public Informal discussion (423) 5744163 to request a meetings, comment periods or DOE managers want to speak speaker. document publications. The with you directly to answer your advertisements appear in area questions or hear your views, Tours newspapers. and include time for informal discussions before and after DOE and its contractors will Comment cards public meetings. provide your group a tour of its environmental work sites. Call 1- Given out at public meetings; 800-382-6938 to request a tour. may be handed back to a Mailings community relations staff Announce environmental events member or mailed to the or meetings. You may call 1-800- community relations office. 382-6938 to have your name included on the mailing list.
fe-^
Small group listening session at a DOE public meeting.
A meeting of the Oak Ridge Reservation Environmental Management Site Specific Advisory Board.
8 Oak Ridge Vicinity Map PUBLIC INFORMATION LOCATIONS
BroadwayLn. Tennessee Ave. ©
M To Clinton/1-75 *• -+To Kinjston/1-40
PUBLIC INFORMATION LOCATIONS A DOE Public Reading Room B Information Resource Center
Y-12 Plant
nop is sot lo scale
Where you can find reports and studies
DOE advertises in local newspa• The reading room provides The center provides official pers when and where most new documents on the National public Administrative Records decision documents are avail• Environmental Policy Act and for Oak Ridge cleanup sites and able to you. Advertisements other environmental topics. other environmental documents. contain specific information on document titles, purpose and • Information Resource Center Both locations provide indexes location. Generally, DOE places 105 Broadway Avenue, that you can use to find specific new and historical documents in Oak Ridge, TN documents. DOE charges a small one or both of the places listed (423) 241-4582 copying fee for some documents below. Monday, Wednesday and at the public reading room. Friday 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.; • The DOE Reading Room Tuesday and Thursday 55 Jefferson Avenue 9 a.m. to 7 p.m.; and Saturday Oak Ridge, TN 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. (423) 576-1216 Monday through Friday 8 a.m. to 11:30 a.m./ noon to 5 p.m.,
9 Common concerns
Your views and the 5. "Risk assessments are too 11."Keep close watch on private conservative. Federal sector waste treatment. DOE views of others regulators hold DOE to should closely monitor cleanup standards that are too private companies treating Over the years, DOE has heard stringent, based on risk DOE waste to ensure they you and many others express a assessments that are too safely transport and handle variety of views about its Oak conservative." wastes." Ridge environmental programs 6. "Cleanup schedules are too 12. "Limit shipments of off- and practices. The public long. DOE takes too long to site waste. DOE should limit concerns and values are often complete its studies and take or ehminate shipments of conflicting and have led to lively action." wastes from other DOE sites debates among members of the 7. "The cure is worse than the to Oak Ridge." public. Paraphrased below are problem. Cleanup plans may 13. "Realistically analyze many of the common areas of be more harmful to the impacts. DOE should give concern that Oak Ridge environment than leaving the more consideration to the stakeholders have expressed to contamination in place." impact that local waste DOE. 8. "The location of waste treatment has on surrounding 1. 'Trotect human health and the treatment facilities is a communities." environment. Contamination problem. The Toxic Substances has caused health problems in Control Act incinerator on the Needed: Your input the general population and in K-25 site is part of a 'waste on the process people who work in Oak corridor' that includes Ridge. DOE should ensure privately owned waste treatment facilities. Issues such Like any another DOE that the public has clean water program, the public to drink and clean air to as economic impacts, or the environmental impact on participation program can breathe." benefit from your input. If you 2. "Keep cleanup costs low. The minority and poor persons, have not been completely have comments on how DOE cost of cleaning up is a burden approaches public outreach, or on taxpayers." addressed." 9. "Increase private sector waste how it can do a better job of 3. "Perform realistic cost/benefit hearing or informing you, call analysis. Expensive cleanup treatment. DOE should turn more of its waste treatment the Lockheed Martin Energy programs are not cost effective Systems Community Relations when only small reductions in work over to private companies." staff toll free at 1-800-382-6938 risk would be achieved." (576-4006 within the Oak Ridge 10. "Decrease private sector 4. "Protect property rights. local calling area). Or, you can waste treatment DOE should Property values on or near the call or write the DOE Oak turn less of its waste treatment Reservation have been Ridge Operations Public work over to private adversely affected. Some Information Office at (423) 576- companies. DOE should treat people have been unable to 0885; P.O. Box 2001, Oak Ridge, its waste on DOE property." sell their land for TN 37831-8502. development."
10 Oak Ridge Vicinity Map PUBLIC MEETING LOCATIONS
Broadway Ln. Robertsville Tennessee Ave G ©
To Clinton/I-75 H - Emory Valley Rd. TuskegeeRd PUBLIC MEETING LOCATIONS Wilberforce A American Museum of Science and Energy B Comfort Inn C Fusion Engineering Design Center D Garden Plaza Hotel E Information Resource Center F Jacobs Technical Center Bear Creek Rd, G Jefferson Junior High School Y-12 H Oak Ridge High School Plant s I Pollard Auditorium at ORAU J Robertsville Junior High School K Scarboro Community Center Q L TDEC DOE Oversight Division Office nip U i»(lo teak M Technology Transfer Center Where DOE holds public meetings DOE holds public meetings at or Announcements for DOE public Your ideas made an impact in near sites affected by its meetings include the time and 1995. Two major projects-East environmental decisions. For location and provide a telephone Fork Poplar Creek and example, 1995 meetings number you can call for formation of the Site Specific concerning plans for the Lower additional information. DOE Advisory Board-and several Watts Bar Reservoir were held in chooses meeting locations with smaller efforts were completed. Kingston and Spring City, access for persons with Tennessee. Most meetings are held disabilities. in and around Oak Ridge. 11 Your views helped shape DOE Clinton & Spring City Maps PUBLIC MEETING LOCATIONS /< Oiutta Spring City US BHEACO. /*t w Cirton *Z3 MDCBSOHCO. 3> ie. /M gl y M.I.IIMMHIOWIHIII.IlJ * amtitVTrmttOalm © •attaarftoioli I Sprf^CJtrBwwerTSacd Roane County Apea Map PUBLIC MEETING LOCATIONS aOUMK PUBLIC MEETING LOCATIONS A KafffmaHolttaylM I KtoftiMCKvraaNyCMtar Karrimi C QtfttM QlffMtlfy School Ia««nH)«*>nw*- 4>imiiii •rJ- (9 IQDQStOQ 12 *&"% (MherMmncies participating in MM pumiCmvolvefnent '**-s3^*%t,*r*:»•• -< ^c-vi>. • - * " rr ? ------.••< •.-.-...-. ,£POjE shares ftxI^Oaik Ridge environmental public involvement stage^vi&i stafeanxi l©c^%pards'and'agencies. Some of the •^b^fer'groups Ma:t1iold%u1>Bc"rrie?eangs irt OaklEidge include; ;-i •m^i:^^-l-:p^p/^-:f^^.-': "•- — - •-"'"• '• ••.••' Tennessee ©epaifeient of Environment ' ^)i® D^er^iglf Office „"' y -c^0J;^^^- -^ , . ' : ^ate'%ency ^th regulatory arid review roles over many •Oilc'Rl^e.&virorimental Management activities. Holds ..'feg^armelfetngS'©^^ . ^>:--3^:H"'- r' ~v'''-s idep"e*nderli€dmmittee composed, of elected officials arid * i?:^Mze^fr^m;&'0.ik^Rldgeareaandadjacent counties. •. ,. JderjMSfesissues/of local concern regardmg'Oak Ridge ^-^eriviionmen&rflanagemerit activities. :'- Oalc Ridge Enyifoniherital Quality Advisory Board Committee thai makes recommendations on environmental issues to the Oak Ridge City Council. - Roaiie County Environmental Review Board Independent board advising the Roane County Commission on environmental matters. environmental decisions Section III: Public involvement in 1995 East Fork Poplar DOE rethought its proposed plan The information meetings and continued work to hear allowed DOE to talk about its Creek public views. Three tours of the expectations for the board and to creek were scheduled for hear the public's views on DOE listened closely to February 1995. potential board members and stakeholder views as it neared a future agenda topics. final decision about how it would By June, DOE had changed the clean mercury from the creek's plan to reflect public concerns. To select board members, floodplain. DOE's studies had DOE would still clean the most DOE took applications from shown where the creek and its contaminated sites, but it would interested persons and floodplain were contaminated remove less mercury. Only created a seven-member with mercury; the decision those areas where mercury screening panel. The centered on cleanup levels. levels exceeded 400 parts per screening panel reviewed million would be cleaned. The applications to ensure Throughout the process, DOE resulting changes would mean makeup of the board met had actively sought public the work could be completed diversity standards of the comment. DOE had established a faster, cheaper and with less Federal Advisory Committee special citizen's working group to impact on the local environment Act. provide input on East Fork while protecting people's health Poplar Creek cleanup and had and the environment. At a June By late 1995, DOE and the held public listening sessions to public meeting, many members screening panel had done their hear issues. of the public lauded the new work. A 20-member board had plan. DOE, the Tennessee been formed and was holding More than 175 people attended a Department of Environment organizational meetings. The public meeting in January 1995 and Conservation, and the board holds public meetings where representatives from U.S. Environmental Protection monthly on or near the Oak DOE, the Tennessee Department Agency signed the Record of Ridge Reservation. Meetings are of Environment and Decision in September 1995. advertised in local newspapers, Conservation and the U.S. the Federal Register, and Environmental Protection Site Specific Advisory through mailings. Agency announced a plan for removing mercury from the Board floodplain. Stakeholders at the meeting reacted to the plan as In early 1995, DOE held a series taxpayers, property owners and of information meetings aimed persons worried about the at creating a new Site Specific environment. The overwhelming Advisory Board. The local board message: DOE should remove would be one of many citizen's high levels of mercury from the boards formed around the creek but not incur huge project nation to advise DOE costs or cause additional environmental managers. environmental harm. 13 Other Activities In 1995, a number of other environmental public involvement efforts were conducted. • DOE held three public meetings covering several environmental topics (April, July, November). • DOE held waste management stakeholder information session on proposed site treatment plan (January). • DOE mailed three issues of the Environmental Update (April, July, November). • DOE sponsored a workshop to get input on cleaning up contaminated ponds at Oak Ridge National Laboratory Students at &e 1995 EnvironMENTAL Fair. (March). • DOE held two public meetings on plans for • DOE ran an announcement DOE held the fourth annual cleaning contaminants from and held a public comment EnvironMENTAL Fair for Lower Watts Bar Reservoir period for the Chestnut students from local (April). Ridge Filled Coal-Ash Pond elementary and middle • DOE held a public meeting Proposed Plan. The topic was schools (October). for waste management also discussed in a stakeholders meeting 0uly). DOE sponsored a video stakeholders; topics included conference on the Draft Waste private sector involvement in • DOE held a public workshop Management Programmatic treating DOE waste (April). on the Baseline Environmental Impact • DOE started its toll-free Environmental Management Statement (October). Report (August). telephone line service, DOE held meetings with 1-800-382-6938 (March). • DOE held a workshop on the members of the Merriwater • DOE held a scoping meeting Molten Salt Reactor Homepark Association on the Programmatic Experiment remedial action concerning testing of ground Environmental Assessment program at Oak Ridge water in their neighborhood for private-sector treatment of National Laboratory (December). DOE mixed waste (June). (October). 15 APPENDIX A Environmental Management In Oak Ridge Environmental Management in Oak Ridge Hazardous and radioactive more than 200 sites on its 2,900 The Y-12 Plant wastes have been and are still acres that are contaminated with being generated at the three hazardous waste, transuranic The Y-12 Plant processed the principal sites comprising DOE's (heavier than uranium) waste first uranium-235 for use in Oak Ridge Reservation—Oak and liquid and solid low-level nuclear weapons and continued Ridge National Laboratory, the radioactive and mixed (both to manufacture nuclear weapons Y-12 Plant and the K-25 Site. In radioactive and hazardous) some cases, contamination has components throughout the wastes. Sixteen of ORNL's Cold War and into fee late 1980s. traveled away from these sites to buildings are on the list to be areas that are not part of the With the end of the Cold War, cleaned up and either used for the plant's 811 acres are now government lands in Oak Ridge. another purpose or torn down. DOE's efforts to reduce or devoted to dismantling and eliminate risks posed to human health and the environment from both on- and off-site contamination fall into three categories—environmental restoration, waste management and development of new technologies to solve environmental problems. DOE is now aggressively facing the challenge of cleaning up its Oak Ridge Reservation while conducting environmentally responsible operations. Oak Ridge National Laboratory From its original war-time objective of demonstrating that plutonium could be produced from uranium, ORNL's mission has evolved to performing basic scientific research in the physical and life sciences. ORNL now has Oak Ridge National Laboratory 19 storing nuclear weapons components, mamtaining a storehouse of weapons-grade nuclear materials and the nation's nuclear weapons production capability and applying its unique manufacturing expertise to private, nonmilitary endeavors. It was mercury from Y-12 that migrated through East Fork Poplar Creek into the dry of Oak Ridge. On-site waste disposal areas, storage tanks and spill sites, along with the 4.5-acre "Alpha-5" building, are also slated for cleanup or continuous monitoring. Y-12 Plant down in the mid 1980s, the site's 4,845 acres became the headquarters for DOE's Environmental Management Program and home to the only waste incinerator in the country licensed to bum both hazardous K-25 Site and low-level radioactive wastes. About 86 of the site's 340 The K-25 Site that used the gaseous diffusion buildings are scheduled for process. After World War II, K-25 cleanup and reuse or demolition. Formerly known as the Oak supplied enriched uranium for K-25's waste sites include burial Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant, the nation's defense and later for grounds, storage facilities, the K-25 Site housed the world's the nuclear power industry. underground tanks, waste ponds first uranium enrichment facility When its production was shut and treatment facilities. 20 Environmental of waste storage space; directs the safe treatment, storage and disposal of wastes generated Restoration • removed 13 miles of asbestos pipe insulation; by past and current operations Low-level radioactive, and from environmental • cleaned or disposed of 13,867 restoration projects. hazardotis and mixed wastes are pieces of equipment present in soil, ground water, contaminated with PCBs To rninimize waste generation, surface water, buildings and (polychlorinated biphenyls); DOE is equipment throughout DOE's • removed 700,000 cubic feet of • increasing the use of Oak Ridge Reservation. Since nonhazardous chemicals; 1989, when the Reservation was contaminated soil; placed on the • recycled 5 million pounds of • designing or redesigning U.S. Environmental Protection scrap metal; and products, processes and Agency's Superfund list of sites facilities to produce less • treated and cleaned 50 million waste; most in need of cleanup, a gallons of surface and ground number of projects have been water. • reusing and recycling items successfully completed. DOE whenever possible; and has Waste Management • educating employees on ways • placed caps on 114 to create less waste. contaminated acres to prevent lh addition to cleaning up wastes rainwater from carrying the from past operations, DOE works Technology contaminants away from the to minimize waste generation in Reservation; its current operations, reduce Development wastes, decrease waste storage The challenge of cleaning up and • closed 28 surface storage and disposal costs and reduce areas; managing DOE's hazardous and health risks to its workers. The radioactive wastes often • developed 503,556 square feet Waste Management Program also demands developing new or modifying existing technologies. For example, researchers are developing microorganisms to degrade or stabilize certain organic contaminants such as PCBs and inorganic elements such as uranium, chromium and lead. Robotic systems are being studied as a way to characterize and clean up waste without exposing workers to the hazardous environment New sensing and monitoring devices, new ways to package waste for transportation and storage and new methods to treat and store wastes are being researched and demonstrated. DOE is also looking at ways mat these new technologies can be applied in its Environmental Management Program, private industry, Answering stakeholder questions at a DOE public meeting. academia and with other federal agencies. 21 APPENDIX B Community and Regional Overview Community and regional overview Fifty years ago, the federal concentrated in the Knoxville/ government bought 59,000 acres Knox County area. More than of farmland in Anderson and 27,000 live in Oak Ridge. The Roane counties to house average person living in the area portions of the government's is 35 years old with an annual secret World War II Manhattan individual income of $11,272. Project. In the 1950s, some of Average household income is that land was released from $23,241. About 23% of adults in federal ownership and became the area are high school the city of Oak Ridge. Today, graduates; about 9% are college more than half of that remains as graduates. DOE's Oak Ridge Reservation, which includes the Y-12 Plant, Almost 300,000 people comprise Oak Ridge National Laboratory the area's work force. The three and the K-25 site. largest employers are Lockheed Martin Energy Systems, Inc., and The Reservation extends 11 Lockheed Martin Energy miles east-to-west and eight Research, which operates Oak miles north-to-south and is Ridge National Laboratory; the bordered on its south and east Knox County School System; by the Clinch River. Eight and the University of Tennessee. counties (Anderson, Blount, Knox, Loudon, Meigs, Morgan, The area's economic base Rhea and Roane) surround the supports a large number of high- Reservation. Most of the land tech industries that conduct close to the Reservation business with DOE. In 1994, (including land within the cities DOE and the companies it of Oak Ridge, Oliver Springs, contracted employed about Clinton, Farragut and Knoxville) 20,000 workers who together is used for housing and earned about $891 million commercial purposes. annually. More than 90% of these workers lived in Of the 618,000 people who live Anderson, Knox, Loudon and in the eight counties Roane counties. surrounding the Reservation, more than 340,000 are 25 APPENDIX C Key Laws, Agreements and Policy Key laws, agreements and policy Federal laws CERCLA, also referred to as Superfund, • requires companies and federal agendes to investigate and remedy abandoned or uncontrolled hazardous waste sites; • sets standards for studying and deaning contaminated sites; • requires the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to maintain the National Priorities List; • requires the agency or company performing the deanup to write a community rdations plan and have a community relations program for ensuring public input; and • requires an Administrative Record and information repository (in Oak Ridge, the Information Resource Center). Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) • sets standards for managing hazardous waste facilities, • sets standards for dealing with hazardous waste releases, • establishes a permitting system for handling hazardous wastes, • encourages permit applicants to develop public involvement programs, and • gives states authority to regulate hazardous wastes, National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) • requires federal agendes to consider and document environmental consequences of their actions and • requires federal agendes to perform environmental assessments and write Environmental Impact Statements for work posing potential harm to the environment. Federal Facilities Compliance Act • amends the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and • requires state regulators and federal agendes to develop a consent order for treating and storing mixed waste (see following). 29 Agreements and policy Federal Facility Agreement « is signed by DOE, the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; • sets requirements and schedules for environmental restoration work on the Reservation; and • requires a community relations plan. Consent Order • is required by the Federal Facilities Compliance Act and • specifies a schedule for treating and storing mixed wastes on tihe Oak Ridge Reservation. Presidential policy on Environmental Justice • directs all federal agencies to "identify and address disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects of its programs, policies and activities on minority populations and low-income populations..." APPENDIX D Principal Contacts Principal contacts This appendix lists officials and organizations frequently contacted by the Environmental Management Community Relations staff. The appendix does not include the complete Community Relations mailing list. For example, the names of private citizens are not provided here. Organizations wishing to appear i future revisions of the Community Relations plan, or persons wishing to be added to the Community Relations mailing list, should call 1-800-382-6938 (576-4006 in the Oak Ridge local calling area). United States Senators Tennessee State House Garland Carpenter, Mayor Bill Frist , Chris Newton Town of Decatur U.S. Senate Twenty-second House District Edward Ford, Mayor Fred D. Thompson David Coffey City of Farragut U.S. Senate Thirty-third House District Andy Beene, Mayor United States House of Bruce Cantrell City of Graysville Representatives Thirty-second House District James J. Duncan Harold Wester, Mayor House of Representatives Jerry Cross City of Harriman Tennessee Second Thirty-sixth House District Congressional District Don Woody, Mayor County Executives City of Kingston Zach Wamp David Boiling House of Representatives Anderson County Executive Victor Ashe, Mayor Tennessee Third City of Knoxville Congressional District Thomas Schumpert Knox County Executive Kathleen D. Moore, Mayor VanHilleary City of Oak Ridge House of Representatives George Miller Tennessee Fourth Loudon County Executive Stanley Justice, Mayor Congressional District City of Oliver Springs Garland Lankford Tennessee Governor Meigs County Executive Mike Miller, Mayor Donald Sundquist City of Rockwood Governor of Tennessee Tommy Kilby Morgan County Executive Mike Swafford, Mayor Tennessee State Senate City of Spring City Randy McNally Billy Ray Patton Fifth Senate District Rhea County Executive Ellen Smith Environmental Quality Anna Belle O'Brien Kenneth E. Yager Advisory Board Twelfth Senate District Roane County Executive City of Oak Ridge Gene Elsea Tennessee City Contacts Department of Energy, Oak Thirteenth Senate District Sam Swafford, Mayor Ridge Operations City of Dayton James C. Hall, Manager Oak Ridge Operations 33 R.R. Nelson David McKinney Oil, Chemical, & Atomic Assistant Manager for Tennessee Wildlife Resources Workers Union (OCAW) Environmental Management Agency Crossville, Tennessee Save Our Cumberland Steven L.Wyatt Mountains (SOCM) Assistant to the Manager for PatTurri Public Information Tennessee Department of Local Media Outlets Health Wire Services Walter Perry Nashville, Tennessee Associated Press Community Relations Knoxville, Tennessee Manager Amy Fitzgerald Oak Ridge Reservation Local Newspapers Sandy Perkins Oversight Committee Clinton Courier Site Specific Advisory Board Oak Ridge, Tennessee Clinton, Tennessee Coordinator Elgan Usrey Clinch Valley Chronicle Patty Phillips. Tennessee Emergency Lake City, Tennessee National Environmental Management Agency Policy Act Compliance Officer Nashville, Tennessee Dayton Herald -News Dayton, Tennessee Federal, State and Local Civic, Environmental, Labor Agencies and Stakeholder Farragut Press Enterprise Jack Hartley Organizations Farragut, Tennessee Agency for Toxic Substances Atomic Trades and Labor and Disease Registry Council (ATLC) Harriman Record U.S. Public Health Service Harriman, Tennessee Citizens Against Remediation Jon Johnston Extremes (CARE) Jefferson County U.S. Environmental Standard-Banner Protection Agency Citizens for Better Health Jefferson City, Tennessee Region IV, Atlanta, GA League of Women Voters The Knoxville Earl Leming News-Sentinel Tennessee Department of Nashville Peace Action—SANE/ Knoxville, Tennessee Environment and FREEZE Conservation Lenoir City News-Herald DOE Oversight Division Oak Ridge Environmental Peace Lenoir City, Tennessee Oak Ridge, Tennessee Alliance (OREPA) 34 Metro Pulse WOKI-FM WRGZ-FM Knoxville, Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee Harriman, Tennessee TheOakRidger WMYU-FM WWBR-AM Oak Ridge, Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee Harriman, Tennessee Rhea County Reporter WLOD-AM Television Stations Dayton, Tennessee Loudon, Tennessee Oak Ridge Community Television, Channel 12 Morgan County WBLC-AM Oak Ridge, Tennessee Wartburg, Tennessee Lenoir City, Tennessee WATE-TV, Channel 6 Roane County News WUTK-FM Knoxville, Tennessee Kingston, Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee WBIR-TV, Channel 10 Rockwood Times WYSH-AM Knoxville, Tennessee Rockwood, Tennessee Clinton, Tennessee WKCH-TV, Channel 43 Scott County News WEZK-FM Knoxville, Tennessee Oneida, Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee WKXT-TV, Channel 8 The Standard WXVO-FM Knoxville, Tennessee Kingston, Tennessee Clinton, Tennessee Union News Leader WNOX-AM Maynardville, Tennessee Jefferson City, Tennessee UT Daily Beacon WLIL-AMandFM University of Tennessee, Lenoir City, Tennessee Knoxville WATO-AM Watts Bar Lake Observer Oak Ridge, Tennessee Spring City, Tennessee WIMZ-FM Radio Stations Knoxville, Tennessee WIVK-FM&AM Knoxville, Tennessee WOFE Radio Rockwood, Tennessee 35 DOE/OR/01-1445&D1 DISTRIBUTION 1. L.V.Asplund 2. M. F. P. Delozier 3. D.M.Matteo 4. T.W.Morris 5-6. P.T.Owen 7. A. S. Quist 8. D.C.White 9. Central Research Library 10. ER Document Management Center—RC 11. P. J. Halsey, DOE Oak Ridge Operations Office, P.O. Box 2001, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8541 12. R. L. Nace, Team Leader, Fernald/Ohio Team, Office of Environmental Restoration, U.S. Department of Energy, Cioverleaf Building, EM-425,19901 Germantown Road, Germantown MD, 20874 13. W. Perry, DOE Oak Ridge Operations Office, P.O. Box 2001, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8541 14. L. L. Radcliffe, DOE Oak Ridge Operations Office, P.O. Box 2001, Oak Ridge, TN 37831- 8541 15-16. R. C. Sleeman, Director, Environmental Restoration Division, DOE Oak Ridge Operations Office, P.O. Box 2001, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8541 17. J. W. Wagner n, Team Leader, Portsmouth/Paducah/Weldon Spring Team, Office of Environmental Restoration, U.S. Department of Energy, Cioverleaf Building, EM-424,19901 Germantown Road, Germantown, MD 20874 18-19. T. Teague, Science Applications International Corporation, 301 Laboratory Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831