Willis Island Building Rectification Environmental Plan for Contractors

Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced without prior written permission from the Bureau of Meteorology. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the Publishing Unit, Bureau of Meteorology, GPO Box 1289, Melbourne 3001. Requests for reproduction of material from the Bureau website should be addressed to AMDISS, Bureau of Meteorology, at the same address.

Published by the Bureau of Meteorology 2013

Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

Revision history

Date Version Description Author 06-03-2013 V1.0 Approved D Aylward & S Arblaster

Release history

Date Version Status Audience Approval As per release 06/03/2013 V1.0 Approved External signatories

Document management register

Document File reference 25/008002 Construction – Building Rectification Willis Island QLD

Review Status

Reviewer Date Reviewed Version Reviewed Project Manager – Orion Law 17-02-2013 V0.1, V0.2 & V0.3 Contractor Representative - GHD 20-02-2013 V0.2

Release Signatories

Approval Name Signature Date Project Manager Orion Law Manager WHS&E Sue Allen

i Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

Contact details Darryl Aylward ES Section Planning Coordinator Bureau of Meteorology GPO Box 1289 MELBOURNE VIC 3001 Phone: 96694672 Email: [email protected]

Sarah Arblaster Environmental & Sustainability Executive Officer Bureau of Meteorology GPO Box 1289 MELBOURNE VIC 3001 Phone: 03 9616 8420 Email: [email protected]

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Contents

1 Background ...... 1 1.1 Scope ...... 1 2 Funding ...... 1 2.1 Funding Codes for Willis island Site ...... 1 3 Location ...... 2 3.1 Lease ...... 2 3.2 Local Authority ...... 2 3.3 Site Location ...... 3 3.4 Location Notes ...... 4 4 Schedule of Works ...... 5 5 Nature of Project ...... 5 5.1 Plant & Hand Held Tools ...... 5 5.2 Noise / Dust ...... 6 5.3 Transport ...... 6 5.4 Fuel / Chemicals ...... 6 6 Environmental Issues ...... 7 6.1 Matters of National Significance within 10 km radius of Willis Island ...... 7 6.2 Listed Threatened Species, Migratory Species & Marine Species ...... 7 6.3 Existing Flora ...... 11 6.4 Invasive Species ...... 11 6.5 Breading Cycles ...... 12 6.6 Environmental Objectives and Targets ...... 13 6.7 Control Measures ...... 21 6.8 Contact Phone Numbers ...... 34 7 Appendix – Flora & Fauna ...... 35 8 Appendix – Legal Register ...... 57 8.1 Purpose & scope ...... 57 8.2 Legal and Other Requirements Register ...... 59 8.3 Other Environmental Obligations ...... 65 9 References ...... 67 9.1 Published ...... 67 9.2 Unpublished ...... 67 9.3 Websites Viewed ...... 67 10 Definitions ...... 69 10.1 Significant impact ...... 69

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List of Figures & Tables

Figure 1: Willis Island Location...... 2 Figure 2: Willis Island - General Layout ...... 3 Figure 3: Willis Island Site Layout showing work area ...... 4 Table 1: Yearly Species Breeding Chart ...... 12 Table 2: Environmental aspects and impacts identified with projects works as per Appendix ... 13

iv Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

1 Background

Cyclone Yasi resulted in the services from the Willis Island Meteorological facility being significantly disrupted and unsuitable for human habitation. The Willis Island Restoration Project was initiated in 2009. The project objective was to restore the islands meteorological and habitation support services and to have the facility operational before end October 2011. The project scope also included addressing previously identified issues and improving sustainability and robustness against future severe weather events. The Willis Island Restoration project was run over two phases, Phase 1A & Phase 1B, each phase being a separate package of work. A third phase has been proposed and is awaiting approval. Phase 1A was planned as an interim solution, in which minimal restoration was completed to make the island and facility safe for reoccupation by Bureau staff and to restore the Upper Air and Visual Observations programs. Phase 1B of the Willis Island Restoration Project was to complete all works to restore the facility to full operations, address existing issues and improve the robustness and efficiency of the islands habitation support and operational systems. The Architectural/Engineering consultant for this project was GHD. The Phase 1B works contractor was Hutchinson Builders. The radar was restored on 24th October 2011 in line with the planned schedule. Data was available internally for forecasting purposes. Due to operational staff being removed from the island during the works, the data was not broadcast on the external web until normal operations resumed in early December. Some scheduled restoration work was not completed prior to restoration of the radar, and will be addressed by this project. For more information, refer to the Willis Island Restoration Project Phase 1B: End of Stage & Project Review Report.

1.1 Scope The scope of this document is the completion of agreed rectification work to the Willis Island Met Office.

2 Funding Funding arrangements for this project have yet to be determined.

2.1 Funding Codes for Willis island Site Funding codes for this project have yet to be allocated.

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3 Location The Coral Sea Islands Territory comprises of some 46 cays in the south-western Coral Sea, between latitudes 16°S and 23°S, and longitudes 148 E and 165 E (Telford 1993). The northern most of these cays is Willis Island, located in the Coral Sea 245 nautical miles northeast of Townsville (16 17’ 45” S and 149 58’ 30” E). Willis Island is roughly oval in shape, measuring about 600 m in length, and has the greatest width of about 220m. It rises to a maximum height above sea level of around 7m. The island provides significant nesting and roosting habitat to a number of seabirds. Beaches surrounding the island are utilised by turtles for nesting. A small permanently staffed meteorological station is present on the island.

Figure 1: Willis Island Location

3.1 Lease The Bureau leases Willis Island from the Department of Regional Australia, Local Government, Arts and Sports . The lease is currently due to expire in 2111.

3.2 Local Authority Not applicable. The Bureau leases Willis Island from the Department of Regional Australia, Local Government, Arts and Sports.

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3.3 Site Location The following figures show the location and layout of the Met Office in Willis Island.

Figure 2: Willis Island - General Layout

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Figure 3: Willis Island Site Layout showing work area

3.4 Location Notes Area of work is shown above. Generally the work area will extend 2.0m beyond the building wall line.

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4 Schedule of Works

Site works are nominally scheduled to commence on 12-April-2013, with a completion date of 24- May-2013.

5 Nature of Project The project involves carrying out a number of repairs and replacements:  Remove all external wooden cladding from building exterior and dispose of it. Replace with alternate more durable external cladding such as colour bond steel  Remove all water damaged insulation from wall cavity and dispose of it. Replace building insulation to original specification  Remove any other building material or items damaged by water ingress, such as walls, flooring, structural members, windows, window and door surrounds, flashing, fasteners etc. Repair or replace with new as required  Install new windows currently in storage  Attend to and resolve all mould issues including replacing damaged plaster boards and reinstating original fittings such as lighting, electrical, etc  Repair leak in roof over attic area  Repair leak in Room1 ensuite  Replace swollen Obs External Door and repair various locks/bolts  Remove previously stored and excess building materials  Attic – Install additional hand rail at RHS of stairs to assist access to floor.  Install exhaust fan/air conditioner in main switch board room  Construct gantry over fuel tanks or investigate alternate fuel level measuring system  Replace lower stair tread on main outdoor deck  Screen outdoor barbecue area  Upgrade / replace 2 x grates over fuel bund sumps  Install wind deflector in Hogen room  Install hinged hatch in the deck area for access underneath the building for maintenance purposes  Install stairs from northern corridor breezeway exit toward water tanks  Replace 440 litre plastic bins with 2 X 3 cu mtr skip bins

5.1 Plant & Hand Held Tools It is intended that an all-wheel drive, multi steer telehandler be used for loading and unloading and movement of materials around the site. Estimated use after the unloading of materials would be in the order of 1 hour per day. A range of small power tools will be used be used for the removal of the cladding, framing and refixing the replacement cladding. Estimated use would be 2-3 hours per day

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5.2 Noise / Dust .Noise generated would be from small power tools, intermittent from 2-3 hours per day. It not anticipated that any dust will be generated through the building process (replacement of cladding).

5.3 Transport Construction craft and materials would be delivered to Willis Island use a small barge or similar small vessel with ramp access onto the beach.

5.4 Fuel / Chemicals Diesel fuel will be transported to site to refill the bulk fuel storage tanks. All tools will be electric and power will be supplied through the existing base infrastructure (diesel powered base generator).

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6 Environmental Issues

6.1 Matters of National Significance within 10 km radius of Willis Island

National Environmental Significance World Heritage Properties 0 Commonwealth Marine Park 0 National Heritage Places 0 Listed Threatened Ecological Communities 0 Wetlands of International Importance 0 Listed Threatened Species 27 Great Barrier Reef Marine Park 0 Listed Migratory Species 19 Other matters protected by the Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Act 1999 (Cwth) Commonwealth Land 0 Whales and Other Cetaceans 0 Commonwealth Heritage Places 0 Critical Habitats 0 Listed Marine Species 26 Commonwealth Reserves 0 Additional Information Place on the Register of National Estate 0 Invasive Species 0 State & Territory Reserves 0 Nationally Important Wetlands 0 Regional Forest Agreements 0 Key Ecological Features Marine 0 State / Territory Environmental Significance (excluding those identified nationally) State / Territory Conservation Issues

6.2 Listed Threatened Species, Migratory Species & Marine Species Twenty species of Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Commonwealth) (EPBC Act) listed fauna or habitat are known to occur within the area of the works are the as sighted in A natural History Report by Wilger (1994):

1. Buff-Banded Rail (Rallus philippensis)- 10. Least Frigatebird (Fregata ariel)- Endangered Threatened 2. Black-Naped Tern (Sterna Sumatrana)- 11. Masked Booby (Sula Dactylatra)- Threatened Vulnerable 3. Brown Booby (Sula leucogaster)- 12. Red Footed Booby (Sula Sula)- Threatened Threatened 4. Common Noddy (Anous Stolidus) - 13. Red-tailed Tropicbirds (Phaethon Threatened rubricauda)- Vulnerable 5. Crested Tern (Sterna bergil)- 14. Ruddy Turnstone (Arenaria interpres)- Vulnerable Threatened 6. Eastern Reef Egrets (Egretta Sacra)- 15. Sacred Kingfisher (Todiramphus Threatened sancta)- Vulnerable 7. Great Frigatebird, (Fregata minor)- 16. Sooty Tern (Sterna fuscata)- Threatened Vulnerable 8. Green Turtle (Cheelonia mydas) - 17. Wedge-tailed Shearwater- Mutton Vulnerable Birds (Puffinus Pacificus)- Threatened 9. Lesser Golden Plover (Pluvialis 18. Welcome Swallows (Hirundo dominica)- Threatened neoxena)- Critically Endangered

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19. White-capped Noddy (Anous 20. Willis Island Gecko (Lepitodactylus stolidus)- Threatened lugubris)- Vulnerable

Status No. of Species

Critically Endangered 1

Endangered 1

Vulnerable 7

Threatened 11

Additional information about these is available in Appendix A.

Seven species of Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Commonwealth) (EPBC Act) listed fauna or habitat are likely to occur within the area of the works are the:

1. Flatback Turtle (Natator depressus)- 5. Loggerhead Turtle (Caretta caretta)- Vulnerable Endangered 2. Hawksbill Turtle (Eretmochelys 6. Olive-ridley Turtle (Lepidochelys imbricate)- Vulnerable olivacea)- Endangered 3. Herald Petrel (Pterodroma heraldica)- 7. White-bellied Storm-Petrel (Tasman Critically Endangered Sea), White-bellied Storm-Petrel 4. Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, (Australasian) (Fregetta grallaria Luth (Dermochelys coriacea)- grallaria)- Vulnerable Endangered

Status No. of Species

Critically Endangered 1

Endangered 3

Vulnerable 3

Threatened -

Additional information about these is available in Appendix A.

Seventy species of EPBC Act listed fauna or habitat may occur within the area of the works are the: 1. Banded sea krait (Laticauda 4. Anderson’s Pipefish, Shortnose colubrine) Pipefish (Micrognathus 2. A sea krait (Laticauda laticaudata) andersonii) 3. A seasnake (Hydrophis ornatus)

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5. Antarctic Minke Whale/Dark Shoulder 27. Flagtail Pipefish, Masthead Island Minke Whale (Balaenoptera Pipefish (Doryrhamphus bonaerensis) negrosensis) 6. Australian Messmate Pipefish, 28. Flat-face Seahorse Banded Pipefish (Corythoichthys (Hippocampus planifrons) intestinalis) 29. Fraser’s Dolphin, Sarawak 7. Banded Pipefish, Ringed Pipefish Dolphine (Lagenodelphis hosei) (Doryrhamphus dactyliophorus) 30. Horned Seasnake (Acalyptophis 8. Beady Pipefish, Steep-nosed Pipefish peronii) (Hippichthys penicillus) 31. Humpback Whale (Megaptera 9. Beaked Seasnake (Enhydrina novaeangliae) schistose) 32. Killer Whale, Orca (Orcinus orca) 10. Bentstick Pipefish, Bend Stick 33. Long-snouted Spinner Dolphin Pipefish, Short-tailed Pipefish (Stenella longirostris) (Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatus) 34. Madura Pipefish, Reticulated 11. Blainville’s Beaked Whale, Freshwater Pipefish (Hippichthys Dense-beaked Whale heptagonus) (Mesoplodon densirostris) 35. Maxweber’s Pipefish 12. Blue Whale (Balaenoptera (Cosmocampus maxweberi) musculus) 36. Melon-headed Whale 13. Blue-speckled Pipefish, Blue- (Peponocephala electra) spotted Pipefish (Hippichthys 37. Minke Whale (Balaenoptera cyanospilos) acutorostrata) 14. Bluestripe Pipefish, Indian Blue- 38. Mud Pipefish, Gray’s Pipefish stripe Pipefish, Pacific Blue-stripe (Halicampus grayi) Pipefish (Doryrhamphus excisus) 39. Olive Seasnake (Aipysurus 15. Bottlenosed Dolphin (Tursiops laevis) truncates s. str) 40. Orange-spotted Pipefish, 16. Bryde’s Whale (Balaenoptera Ocellated Pipefish edeni) (Corythoichthys ocellatus) 17. Cleaner Pipefish, Janss’ Pipefish 41. Ornate Ghost pipefish, Harlequin (Doryrhamphus janssi) Ghost Pipefish, Ornate Ghost 18. Common Dolphin, Short-beaked Pipefish (Solenostomus Common Dolphin (Delphinus paradoxus) delphis) 42. Pacific Short-bodied Pipefish, 19. Cuvier’s Beaked Whale, Goose- Short-bodied Pipefish beaked Whale (Ziphius (Choeroichthys brachysoma) cavirostris) 43. Pale-blotched Pipefish, Spined 20. Davao Pughead Pipefish Pipefish (Phoxocampus (Bulbonaricus Pipefish) diacanthus) 21. Double-end Pipehorse, Double- 44. Pallid Pipehorse, Hardwick’s ended Pipehorse, Alligator Pipehorse (Solegnathus Pipefish (Syngnathoides hardwickii) biaculeatus) 45. Pig-snouted Pipefish 22. Dubois’ Seasnake (Aipysurus (Choeroichthys suillus) duboisii) 46. Pygmy Killer Whale (Feresa 23. Dwarf Sperm Whale (Kogia attenuate) simus) 47. Pygmy Sperm Whale (Kogia 24. Elegant Seasnake (Hydrophis breviceps) elegans) 48. Red-hair Pipefish, Duncker’s 25. False Killer Whale (Pseudorca Pipefish (halicampus dunckeri) crassidens) 49. Reticulate Pipefish, Yellow- 26. Fijian Banded Pipefish, Brown- banded Pipefish, Network banded Pipefish (Corythoichthys Pipefish (Corythoichthys amplexus) flavofasciatus)

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50. Risso’s Dolphine, Grampus 61. Spiny-snout Pipefish (Halicampus (Grampus griseus) spinirostris) 51. Robust Ghost pipefish, Blue- 62. Spotted Dolphin, Pantropical finned Ghost Pipefish Spotted Dolphin (Stenella (Solenostomus cyanopterus) attenuate) 52. Rough-snout Ghost Pipefish 63. Spotted Seahorse, Yellow (Solenostomus paegnius) Seahorse (Hippocampus kuda) 53. Rough-toothed Dolphin (Steno 64. Stokes’ Seasnake (Astrotia bredanensis) stokesii) 54. Schultz’s Pipefish (Corythoichthys 65. Straightstick Pipefish, Long- schultzi) nosed Pipefish, Straight Stick 55. Sculptured Pipefish Pipefish (Trachyrhamphus (Choeroichthys sculptus) longirostris) 56. Short-finned Pilot Whale 66. Striped Dolphin, Euphrosyne (Globicephala macrorhynchus) Dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba) 57. Soft coral Pipefish, Soft-coral 67. Thorntail Pipefish, Thorn-tailed Pipefish (Siokunichthys Pipefish (Micrognathus breviceps) brevirostris) 58. Spectacled Seasnake (Disteira 68. Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus) kingie) 69. Whiskered Pipefish, Ornate 59. Sperm Whale (Physeter Pipefish (Halicampus macrocephalus) macrorhynchus) 60. Spiny Seahorse, Thorny 70. Zebra Seahorse (Hippocampus Seahorse (Hippocampus histrix) zebra)

Additional information about these is available in Appendix A.

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6.3 Existing Flora Twenty-three flora species currently inhabit Willis island; 1. Argusia (Argusia argentea) 12. Pacific Islands thintail (Lepturus 2. Asian Indian Mallow (Abutilon repens) albescens) 13. Prickly Chaff Flower, Devil’s whip 3. Boerhavia albiflora (Achyranthes aspera) 4. Coconut Palms (Cocos nucifera) 14. Red Caustic Weed, Creeping 5. Crow’s foot grass, Goose grass Spurge (Chamaesyce prostrate (Eleusine indica) aka Eurphorbia prostrata) 6. Desert Horsepurslane (Trianthema 15. Spiny emex, Three-cornered jack, portulacastrum) Doublegee (Tribulus cistoides) 7. Goats foot convolvulus (lpomoea 16. Tridax Daisy, Coat Buttons brasiliensis) (Tridax procumbens) 8. Khaki Weed (Alternantha pungens) 17. Verdolaga, Pigweed, Little 9. Land couch (Sporobulus virginicus) Hogweed, Pusley, Moss rose 10. Lantern Bush (Abutilon indicum) (Portulaca oleracea) 11. Mexican Poppy (Argemone ochroleuca)

Additional information about these is available in Appendix A.

6.4 Invasive Species

Fauna 1. Big Headed Ant

Flora 1. Cat’s whiskers, African Cabbage (Cleome gynandra) 2. Coast Button Grass, Coast Finger Grass (Dactyloctenium aegyptium) 3. Common Couch, Coastal Bermuda Grass (Cynodon dactylon) 4. Dwarf Poinsettia, Painted Spurge (Euphorbia cyathophora) 5. Green Amaranth (Amaranthus viridis) 6. Mossman River grass, Burr Grass, Walkaway Burr (Cenchrus echinatus)

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6.5 Breading Cycles

Table 1: Yearly Species Breeding Chart Orange: Known Breeding/Nesting in Area Red: Known Hatching/Chicks in Area Species Status Listing Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Black-Naped Turn Threatened Known Brown Booby Threatened Known PEAK PEAK PEAK Buff-Banded Rail Endangered Known Common Noddy Threatened Known Crested Turn Vulnerable Known Eastern Reef Egrets Threatened Known Flatback turtle Vulnerable Likely PEAK Great Frigatebird Threatened Known Green Turtle Vulnerable Known PEAK Hawksbill Turtle Vulnerable Likely Herald Petrel Critically Endangered Likely Least Frigatebird Threatened Known Leatherback Turtle Endangered Likely Loggerhead Turtle Endangered Likely PEAK Masked Booby Vulnerable Known Olive-ridley Turtle Endangered Likely Red Footed Booby Threatened Known PEAK PEAK Red-tailed Tropicbirds Vulnerable Known Sacred Kingfisher Vulnerable Known Sooty Tern Vulnerable Known Wedge-tailed Shearwater Threatened Known Welcome Swallows Critically Endangered Known PEAK PEAK White-bellied Storm Petrel Vulnerable Likely White-capped Noddy Threatened Known Willis Island Gecko Vulnerable Known

Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

6.6 Environmental Objectives and Targets

Table 2: Environmental aspects and impacts identified with projects works as per Appendix

Environmental Willis Island Projects Responsibility Reporting Methodology & Indicators Timing Aspect & Objective Specific Targets

Air Quality & Dust 1. Minimise impacts of dust and air  Onsite  Staff to be informed during induction.  Prior to entering quality on fauna and works. Environmental  Dust must be minimised by covering dust site To prevent Representative sources within works.  Ongoing disturbance or harm  Site Manager  Machinery and equipment must be to fauna or workers appropriately maintained and serviced.

Education, Training 2. Ensure all workers engaged for  Project Manager  Compliance  Prior to entering & Awareness this project have received site  Environmental site. specific environmental Sustainability sustainability training. Executive Officer 3. Daily onsite tool box meetings,  Site Manager  Compliance  Prior to with specific focus on  Onsite commencing environmental & sustainability Environmental work on site issues on site. Representative each day. Energy 4. No lights on work one hour  Onsite  Staff to be informed prior to commencing  Staff to be Management before sunset and one hour after Environmental works. informed during sunrise areas unless necessary Representative  Red light torches to be used by personnel induction To prevent to ensure safety.  Site Manager at night. disturbance or harm  Shield lighting to direct light to target area.  Ongoing to fauna on site and  Use low pressure sodium vapour lighting. in the surrounding

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Environmental Willis Island Projects Responsibility Reporting Methodology & Indicators Timing Aspect & Objective Specific Targets marine environment 5. Minimal supply vessel lighting  Vessel Manager  Restrict vessel lighting to safety and  Before visible from island  Site Manager navigation lights during hours of darkness. commencement To reduce energy of works consumption

Erosion & Sediment 6. No deposition of sediment in the  Onsite  Compliance with Best Practice Guidelines,  Daily visual Management surrounding areas of the site Environmental as outlines in IEAust (1996) Soil Erosion inspection (including the ocean) & no Representative and Sediment Control Engineering To minimise erosion evidence of scour or other forms  Site Manager Guidelines. and control of erosion resulting from sediment on site. reconstruction works  All staff to be informed prior to commencing works.

7. Prevent erosion  Onsite  Minimise clearing of vegetation within the  Prior to Environmental nominated works area. commencement Representative  Install sediment and erosion control of works  Site Manager measures  Daily visual inspection

Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

Environmental Willis Island Projects Responsibility Reporting Methodology & Indicators Timing Aspect & Objective Specific Targets

Flora & Fauna  Onsite  Undertake fauna inspection prior to  Prior to 8. To ensure no harm to fauna Environmental commencing works to ensure work areas commencement whilst conducting works including To protect existing Representative and pathways are not disturbing fauna. of works flora and fauna on  All personnel to remain vigilant at all times  Ongoing site and surrounding  Site Manager during works for fauna in works area. areas.  Machinery to be covered at nigh to prevent re-colonisation by fauna overnight. No flora damage or fauna harm whilst 9. No impact on marine fauna  Vessel Manager  Staff to be informed during induction.  Prior to conducting works during vessel movements:  Ensure passage of supply vessel only commencing a. No impact on reef bottom undertaken during high tide and every work To minimise surrounding Island during precaution is taken to ensure no impact introduction of vessel movements with coral.  Ongoing weed/pests and including beaching supply  Vigilant of marine fauna during travel. pathogens to the vessel Island. 10. No invasive species (flora and  Onsite  All plant, machinery, hand tools and  Ongoing To manage the fauna) introduced to site. Environmental materials to be washed down and voyage and Representative inspected prior to arrival at site Food, beaching of drink and other edible rubbish to be personnel and  Site Manager disposed of in sealed allocation bins placed equipment supply away from works area. vessels to have no  No domestic animals allowed on site or impact on marine aboard supply vessels. environment.  Manual removal of pest/weeds/pathogens immediately upon identification. 11. Rehabilitation and Revegetation  Site Manager  All cleared flora and top soil (including  Ongoing of site area to minimise erosion  Onsite seed banks) to be reused (except where and impact on flora and fauna Environmental declared weeds have been identified). Representative  Revegetation of disturbed areas is successful and suppressing of week species.  Vegetated areas are in tacked and viable after works.

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Environmental Willis Island Projects Responsibility Reporting Methodology & Indicators Timing Aspect & Objective Specific Targets

Hazardous Materials 12. No spills of hazardous materials  Contractor  Compliance with MSDS requirements  Prior to Management (i.e. fuels) on site or into the  Site Manager  Compliance with AS 1940 (2004) ad AS commencement marine environment 2601 (2001) of works. To manage substances required  Staff informed during induction and have  Ongoing for works in a training in emergency response and manner that relevant spill clean-up procedures. minimises  All hazardous materials to be stored in a environmental risk. designated secure and appropriately bunded area. 13. Review spill clean-up procedures and ensure required equipment is kept onsite at all times and serviced. Adequate clean-up equipment available and procedures adequate and reviewed 14. Any spills that occur are immediately contained and cleaned up  Heritage 15. No destruction or impact on /of  Site Manager  Staff are informed during Induction.  Ongoing indigenous cultural heritage  If cultural items are uncovered/discovered To manage impact areas or artefacts due to site during works, all work in area must cease of works on potential works. immediately and DSEWPC contacted indigenous or built directly. heritage items or artefacts.

Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

Environmental Willis Island Projects Responsibility Reporting Methodology & Indicators Timing Aspect & Objective Specific Targets

Plant and Hand 16. No disposal of maintenance or  Site Manager/  Staff must be informed during induction.  Prior to tools Maintenance repair material on site or into the Contractor  The bunded work areas are to contain any commencement and Repair marine environment hazardous and/or potentially of works. environmentally harmful material. To ensure that plant  Hazardous materials to be clearly identified  Ongoing and hand held tools and stored to restrict offsite movement. are used and maintained in manner that avoids environmental risk. Noise & Vibration 17. Minimise impacts from noise  Onsite  Staff to be informed during induction.  Prior to workers and vibration on Bureau of Environmental  Supply all employees with approved entering site To ensure no Meteorology staff, contractors Representative hearing protection. disturbance or and fauna.  Site Manager  Do not operate machinery, power tools  Ongoing impacts on fauna or a. No disturbance to island outside of hours nominated. workers. fauna  Monitor nesting and roosting birds in vicinity of the works area for evidence of disturbance.  Refer to AS 1055.1.1997 Acoustics Description and Measurement of environmental noise.

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Environmental Willis Island Projects Responsibility Reporting Methodology & Indicators Timing Aspect & Objective Specific Targets

Site Access 18. No vessel, personnel, plant,  Onsite  All required site access pathways must be  Ongoing machinery, equipment or Environmental positioned to avoid vegetation and To access the site in materials movements outside of Representative bird/reptile nest/roost sites to the greatest the in a manner that designated access areas.  Site Manager extent possible. has the least  All incidents must be record of vessels, potential impact on personnel, equipment, machinery and flora and fauna materials that move outside the designated area and reported to the Site Supervisor.  Vessel personnel must ensure proper anchoring of vessels.  Following the use of vehicles access pathways, all track and wheel ruts will be smoothed out as soon as possible and as a minimum at the end of the working day. Reporting 19. Report any non-conformance  Site Manager  Environmental Representative to complete  Ongoing relating to environmental  Onsite daily site assessment To record sustainability issues identified in Environmental  Non-conformance to be reported as environmental this plan via the non-injury Representative required incidents and daily incident form. checks

Waste Management 20. No intentional or unintentional  Site Manager  Compliance with requirements of the QLD  Prior to pollution of the surrounding of the EPA 1994, QLD EPP (Waste Management) commencement To adopt the waste environment. 2000 and QLD Waste Reduction and of works hierarchy and Recycling Strategy. specifically promote  Staff to be informed during induction.  Ongoing the key themes of ‘Reduce, Reuse and

Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

Environmental Willis Island Projects Responsibility Reporting Methodology & Indicators Timing Aspect & Objective Specific Targets

Recycle. 21. Site to be left clean, all items to  Site Manager  Waste materials to be removed from the  Ongoing be disposed of responsibly. work area as soon as possible and Water Management a. Minimise of volumes of temporarily stored aboard supply vessel in waste being sent to landfill, dedicated separation areas awaiting To promote efficient by separating and transport to mainland. use of water identifying items for reuse  Provide clearly marked bins for reusable or resources. recycling. recyclable materials.

To ensure no 22. No unauthorised disposal of  Contractor  Regulate wastes returned to the mainland  Prior to pollution or spill from waste generated from the site.  Site Manager are to be disposed at a regulated waste commencement uncontained fuel, oil facility approved under EPA 1994. of work or chemicals

23. Minimise implement stock piles  Site Manager  Staff to be informed during induction.  Ongoing by implementing management  Stockpiles should be located away from any procedures. natural drainage lines.  Stockpiles to be covered at all times.  Materials to be removed from work area to offshore supply vessel as soon as practicable. 24. No runoff into water ways or  Site Manager  No major maintenance of equipment will be  Prior to marine environment. undertaken on the Island. commencing  Equipment to be checked daily for possible work fuel, oil and chemical leaks and must be in good working order.  Ongoing  All hazardous material to be stored in an appropriately bunded fuel unloading bund area.  Review available spill clean-up equipment and keep onsite at all times.  Minimise quantities of stockpiled materials temporality stored on island.

19 Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

Environmental Willis Island Projects Responsibility Reporting Methodology & Indicators Timing Aspect & Objective Specific Targets

Work Hours 25. No work to commence one after  Site Manager  Periodic monitoring of nesting birds / turtles  Ongoing official sunrise and no work to be in the vicinity of the works area and To minimise conducted one hour before designated pathways for evidence of disturbance to official sunset disturbance (i.e. uncharacteristic wildlife by restricting behaviour). work to daylight  If disturbance is noted works will cease until hours suitable measures can be implemented which will mitigate lighting, noise or vibration causing disturbance.

Note: The Site Manager is the nominated representative of the Principal Contractor who is present at the work site.

Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

6.7 Control Measures

6.7.1 Air Quality – Dust Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No

Site meeting prior to plant operation to cover air quality Site Manager Yes measurement controls.

Use of natural dust suppressants and capture covers wherever Site Manager Yes practical to prevent dust emissions during site works.

On site watering equipment to be available to dampen dusty Site Manager Yes activities if required, no visible dust emissions to be at the boundaries of the work site.

Dampen or cover exposed dust sources within works area Site Manager Yes when not in active used.

When equipment and hand tools are to be operated on site Site Manager Yes check the service log and emissions control attachments.

Reduce speed limits for plant movements. Site Manager Yes

Regular watering down of trafficable areas if required. Site Manager Yes

Limit dust generating activities during windy or stormy Site Manager Yes conditions

Visually monitor the dust and emissions generated daily. Site Manager Yes

Plant generating dust to be fitted with appropriate water or Site Manager Yes collection control.

Traffic only in designated areas. Site Manager Yes

21 Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

6.7.2 Education, Training & Awareness

6.7.2.1 Site Specific Training Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No

All workers (including contractors) are to have read this Bureau Project Yes document prior to commencing any works on site. Manager

To include advice regarding Site Manager  Air quality and dust minimisation on site; Yes  lighting management and how this can impact fauna Yes  General energy management Yes  Erosion and sediment management; Yes  Harm to fauna Yes  Invasive species Yes  Flora sensitivities Yes  Rehabilitation and revegetation Yes  Hazardous materials Yes  Heritage (cultural and built) management Yes  Plant and hand held tools maintenance and repair Yes  Noise and vibration Yes  Reporting Yes  Site access Yes Yes  Waste Management Yes  Clean site Yes  Stockpiling Yes  Water management Yes  Surface water & Ground water pollution Yes  Work Hours Yes  Site access Yes  Emergency response and use of relevant spill kits

Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

6.7.2.2 Daily Toolbox meetings Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No

Identified Environmental sustainability management issues are Site Manager Yes to be included at daily tool box meetings. Onsite Environmental Representative

List items to be discussed daily: Site Manager Yes  Proposed works for the day Onsite Environmental  Potential impacts on fauna Representative  Where does the onsite environmental representative need to be

6.7.3 Energy Management

6.7.3.1 Light Management Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No Yes Shield lighting to direct light directly to target areas. Site Manager Yes Use of low pressure sodium vapour lighting. Site Manager Vessel Manager Yes Restrict work hours to one hour after to official sunrise and one Site Manager hour prior to official sunset. Onsite Environmental Representative Yes Use of red light torches if required for worker movement at Site Manager night. Yes Ensure that no lighting is visible from beach or offshore. Site Manager Vessel Manager Yes Restrict vessel lighting to safety and navigational lights during Vessel Manager hours of darkness. No deck lighting, other than safety lights and all blinds close across windows.

23 Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

6.7.4 Erosion and Sediment Management Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No

Stormwater discharge from the site to be directed to existing Site Manager Yes stormwater systems. Discharge must not contain levels of water pollutants outside the acceptable ranges given in the Australian Water Quality Guidelines.

Install and maintain appropriate erosion and sediment control Site Manager Yes measures e.g. sediment fence.

Erosion and sediment controls maintained regularly to ensure Site Manager Yes effectiveness (e.g. cleared build-up of sediment)

Follow the methods proposed in the Soil Erosion and Sediment Site Manager Yes Control – engineering Guidelines for Qld Construction Sites, International Engineers Australia 1996.

Sediments controls to be installed around material stockpiles. Site Manager Yes

Monitor weather daily to identifying high storm or inundation Site Manager Yes events and prepare/upgrade site sediment/erosion controls accordingly.

Implementation of Stormwater Management Plan. Site Manager Yes

Implementation of Erosion and Sediment Control Plan. Site Manager Yes

All appropriate precautions taken to prevent runoff of pollutants Site Manager Yes into surrounding marine environment.

Undertake daily monitoring sediment areas adjacent to work on Site Manager Yes site.

Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

6.7.5 Flora & Fauna

6.7.5.1 No harm to fauna Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No Environmental Identification of specific fauna species on site. Yes Representative Onsite Identification of specific flora on site that will be removed. Yes Environmental Representative Onsite Ecologist present on site to remove fauna as required during Yes Environmental site works. Representative Onsite If listed fauna; injured fauna or an invasive species is spotted Yes Environmental and the works are causing the fauna distress, all works in the Representative direct vicinity of the fauna must cease.  Works are to remain ceased until the listed fauna leaves the site.  Relocation: if this is required or you need advice please call relevant contact number.  Injured fauna: please call relevant contact number for advice.  Complete a Bureau non-injury incident report (ticking environment box). Onsite No worker or contractor can touch or harm listed fauna (which Yes Environmental includes relocation). Representative Onsite Prior to any works being undertaken a site walk around is to be Yes Environmental undertaken to check if the site contains any of the identified Representative flora or fauna species. Onsite Daily site inspection to be under taken each morning to check Yes Environmental for identified flora and fauna. Representative

25 Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

6.7.5.2 No invasive species introduced on site Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No

Ensure all vehicles and equipment are washed down and Contractor Yes inspected as per relevant legislative requirements prior to Site Manager arriving on site.

Ensure all plant, hand held tools and vehicles are cleaned to Site Manager Yes being removed from site.

Conduct wash-downs of plant, hand held tools and vehicles as Site Manager Yes per relevant requirements.

All machinery, equipment (including hand tools) are to be washed down prior to arriving on site in line with the Bureau’s wash down guidelines (contractors will need to make a signed statement that they have washed down and inspected equipment prior to arriving on site).

If invasive species are spotted on site machinery, equipment (including hand tools) will need to be washed down after site works have been completed (noting that the nearest commercial wash facility may be appropriate).

6.7.5.3 Rehabilitation & Revegetation Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No

Implement a revegetation / rehabilitation plan using native flora No post works.

Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

6.7.6 Hazardous Materials Management Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No

Dangerous goods and hazardous substances are used and Site Manager Yes handled following the appropriate procedures.

All dangerous goods are stored in accordance with AS 1940 Site Manager Yes (1993) and other appropriate industry best practice.

Follow the guidelines proposed in AS 2921 (1999). Site Manager Yes

No fuel or chemicals to be stored in bunded areas and kept in Site Manager Yes appropriate storage containers (with closable lids).

MSDS for all chemicals to be maintained on-site and submitted Site Manager Yes by Contractors to Site Manager and / or Environmental Representative.

Spill clean-up and containment equipment to be maintained by Site Manager Yes contractors and sub-contractors

A dangerous goods and hazardous substances register will be Site Manager Yes maintained on-site. No chemicals to be brought onto site without Site Manager approval prior to entering.

Only require volumes of fuel or chemicals permitted on site Site Manager Yes

6.7.7 Heritage (Cultural & Built) Management Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No Yes Identification of Cultural heritage sites prior to arriving on site Bureau Environmental Representative Yes Site manager to communicate requirement to monitor for Site Manager cultural items. Yes Work to stop immediately upon identification of significant Site Manager items. Workers Yes Site Manager and Bureau of Meteorology to be notified of Site Manager discovery. Yes Bureau of Meteorology to notify relevant agencies. Bureau Environmental Representative Yes Undertake actions as requested by relevant agencies. Site Manager

27 Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

6.7.8 Greenhouse Gas Emissions

6.7.8.1 Plant and Hand Held tools Maintenance & Repair Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No

Ensure plant and equipment is maintained and in good working Site Manager Yes order and conforms to industry standards.

Maintain all plant, machinery and power tools in accordance Site Manager Yes with manufacturer’s recommendations.

6.7.9 Noise & Vibration Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No

Keep residents (interested parties) informed of any expected N/A No noisy events or changes to schedule.

Operation of plant equipment between 1 hour after official Site Manager Yes sunrise and 1 hour before official sunset (except where prior approval has been obtained).

During agreed work hours the adjusted noise level from any Site Manager Yes single source or activities shall not exceed 85 db at the boundary of the site.

No deliveries to occur prior to 30 minutes after official sunrise. N/A No

Position stationary plant so as to reduce the impact of Site Manager Yes continuous operation.

Plan the work activity with the contractor involved, select the Site Manager Yes correct plant size and check silencing equipment being used.

Follow the guidelines outlined in AS 2436. Site Manager Yes

Affix noise attenuation devises to plant, machinery and power Site Manager Yes tools

Set up noise barriers as needed N/A No

Other:

Each equipment operator must be trained to use equipment efficiently to minimize environmental nuisance noises, paying specific attention to minimising unwanted effects to any identified environmental sensitive area (i.e. affecting fauna), or simply a nuisance factor for other occupied areas (i.e. building co-tenants).

Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

Works generating hazardous noise (above 85 dB at the boundary of the site) or producing vibration on sites that have identified fauna sensitivities shall commence no earlier than one hour after official sunrise, and shall cease no later than one hour before official sunset. Work hours shall be modified as needed according to changes in the timing of sunrise/sunset through the duration of works.

If disturbance to an identified environmental sensitive area (i.e. fauna) occurs works must cease until suitable measures can be implemented to mitigate noise and vibration impacts.

6.7.10 Reporting

6.7.10.1 Non Conformance Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No Incidents / complaints must be documented using an Incident Site Manager Yes Report (non-injury or injury) Form, ensuring that environmental sustainability impacts / complaints from the works relating to Bureau Project noise and vibration levels are recorded; flora/fauna matters; Manager waste disposal or any other environmental sustainability Onsite matter. Environmental Representative

29 Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

6.7.11 Site Access Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No

Staff induction to include overview of the importance of working Site Manager Yes within identified work zones and paths and restricted / no-go Onsite zones and how to minimise impact on flora and fauna. Environmental Representative

Identification of suitable landing / access points, including Onsite Yes relocation of any fauna as required prior to taking equipment Environmental on to site. Representative

Identification, delineation and marking of all access points and Onsite Yes pathways required during works. Environmental

Representative

Restricted areas to be clearly marked and identified. Onsite Yes Environmental Representative

Restrict movement of vehicles and site works to identified Site Manager Yes areas and zones.

Daily inspection of access paths and zones prior to works Onsite Yes commencing identifying fauna that may be in works areas. Environmental Representative

Smoothing of all track and wheel ruts as soon as possible and Site Manager Yes as a minimum at the end of the day.

Vessel personal to ensure proper anchoring of vessel. Vessel Manager Yes

Vessel personal to monitor daily for anchor drag. Vessel Manager Yes

Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

6.7.12 Waste Management

6.7.12.1 No intention or unintentional pollution of the surrounding environment Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No

All waste to be disposed of by licenced contractor. Site Manager Yes

No burning off of waste is permitted Site Manager Yes

Provide recycle bins on site where practicable Site Manager Yes

Conduct regular clean-up of site to control waste Site Manager Yes

All packaging around materials and food scraps to be placed Site Manager Yes into collection bins provided.

Provision made for all waste associated with site works to be Site Manager Yes removed when works are completed.

Smoking on site is to be limited to designated smoking areas, Site Manager Yes cigarette butts are to be disposed of in designated areas and not to be dropped around the site.

6.7.12.2 Site left clean Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No

Conduct weekly emu picks during site works. Site Manager Yes

Emu pick of entire site to be conducted prior to workers leaving Site Manager Yes site.

The site is to be left clean taking ensuring that waste items are Site Manager Yes disposed of responsibly, diverting as much as possible from landfill.

31 Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

6.7.12.3 Stockpiling Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No

Any stockpiled material should be stored immediately adjacent Site Manager Yes to storm water canal.

Sediments controls to be installed around material stockpiles. Site Manager Yes Onsite Environmental Representative

Minimise quantities of stockpile materials temporary stored on Site Manager Yes site.

Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

6.7.13 Water Management

6.7.13.1 Surface Water & Ground Water Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No

Identification of all water consumption activities on site. Site Manager Yes

Brooms to be used for clean up where practicable. Site Manager Yes

Hoses to be fitted with trigger or twist control to allow for easy Site Manager Yes cut-off.

Plant, hand held tools and equipment to be washed in non- Site Manager Yes potable water where possible

No wash-down of vehicles unless required, Site Manager Yes

Non-potable water to be used for dust suppression. Site Manager Yes

Salt water to be used in lieu of fresh water where possible Site Manager Yes

Daily checking of equipment and machinery to identify any Site Manager Yes possible fuel, oil or chemical leaks.

Vessel workers to conduct daily checks to ensure moored Site Manager Yes vessels are operating properly and checking for possible fuel, oil and chemical leeks into the marine environment.

All hazardous materials to be stored in appropriately bunded Site Manager Yes areas.

Bunded areas to be constructed in accordance with best Site Manager Yes practice as per AS 1940 (2004).

Ensure bunds are maintained during works. Site Manager Yes

Regular review of currently available spill clean-up equipment Site Manager Yes and to be kept on site at all times.

If spill kit is use, replace any spill clean-up equipment within 24 Site Manager Yes hours.

Review spill kit procedures. Site Manager Yes

Review waste separation, reuse, recycling and disposal Site Manager Yes procedures.

33 Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

6.7.14 Work Hours Control Measures (Please indicate which are used on site)

Tasks / Actions Responsibility Yes / No

Works on site must not commence before one hour after Site Manager Yes sunrise or after one hour before sunset. Onsite  Adult seabirds generally leave the nesting area early in Environmental the morning to fish, and return late in the afternoon to Representative feed chicks and adults remaining on eggs.

6.8 Contact Phone Numbers

WHS&E Contact Details Sarah Arblaster Environmental & Sustainability Executive Officer Tel: 03 9616 8420 [email protected] Or Call switchboard 03 9669 4000 and ask to speak to a member of the WHS&E Section

Injured Fauna Hotline (24 hours) number for injured wildlife 1300 ANIMAL (1300 264 625) This is the RSPCA which will pass you on to Parks and wildlife if required

Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

7 Appendix – Flora & Fauna Likelihood of occurrence during project and likelihood of impact on breeding cycle during project taken from combination of EPBC search outcomes, information listed in Wilgar’s Willis Island: A Natural History (1994) and information from Bureau staff who have been worked at Willis Island

7.1.1 Known Fauna

Listed Threatened Species, Migratory Species & Marine Species

Green Turtle Listed Threatened Species; Marine Species and Listed Migratory Species Chelonia mydas Status: Vulnerable Foraging, feeding or related behaviour known to occur within Likelihood of area. Occurrence during Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests project Source Cheloniophilie or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative Low breach and penalties apply. Eggs are buried in sand that is aerated (but not exposed), low in salt and high in humidity (but not flooded). Likelihood of impact on breeding In the southern Great Barrier Reef, mating begins in October cycle during and nesting occurs between October and March, peaking in project January. Nesting in the northern Great Barrier Reef and in the Ashmore and Cartier Island region occurs all year, with a mid- Low summer peak. Females lay an average of five clutches of around 115 eggs per season. The inter-nesting interval (time between successive clutches) is 14 days. Eggs are spherical and white, around 4.4 cm in diameter and 47 g in weight. The incubation period is 64 days. Female Green Turtles breed every, one to nine years. Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and Threats Database (SPAT)

35 Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

Black-Naped Terns Listed Marine Species and Migratory Species Sterna Sumatrana Likelihood of Status: Threatened Occurrence during Species or species habitat known to occur within area project Moderate Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative Likelihood of breach and penalties apply impact on breeding Black-naped Terns usually nest in exposed, open sites, in cycle during project simple, usually unlined depressions on bare sand or shingle Moderate beaches of cays, reefs and islands, typically in the narrow strip just above the high-water mark where debris collects. Occasionally they nest on spits, bare rock or among coral rubble or, more rarely, on top of logs or on structures, such as shipwrecks. Nests are usually away from vegetation or occasionally near the edge of vegetation, among grass and shrubs, or, rarely, beneath trees. Black-naped Terns usually roost near the edge of the water, on sandy beaches or spits and occasionally on rubble banks or rocks. They roost at their nesting areas during the breeding season. In Queensland, breeding is mainly from August- September through to March, with some nesting in June-July, especially in the north and in the Swain Reefs. Replacement clutches are laid following losses. The usual clutch is two, occasionally one or three and incubation takes 4-5 weeks. Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and Threats Database (SPAT)

Black Noddy or Listed Marine Species White-capped Status: Threatened Noddy Species or species habitat known to occur within area Anous minutus Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative breach and penalties apply Likelihood of

Occurrence during Breeding season is from October to March. The nests built of project leaves and twigs cemented with excreta in Norfolk Island pines Moderate (Araucaria heterophylla) or white oaks. The female lays one egg and incubation lasts about 36 days.

Likelihood of Norfolk Island Region Threatened Species Recovery Plan impact on breeding (Director of National Parks (DNP), 2010 cycle during project Low

Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

Brown Booby Listed Marine Species and Listed Migratory Species Sula leucogaster Species or species habitat known to occur within area Likelihood of Occurrence during Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests project or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative Moderate breach and penalties apply. The Brown Booby is the only ground-nesting booby that regularly builds a substantial nest. Likelihood of impact on breeding Brown Booby nests sometimes contain the bodies of dead cycle during Sooty Tern chicks. project Nests are made up of a mound of branches, bones, grass, Moderate human-generated trash, or other items. Placed on flat ground, usually in full sunshine. At some sites, breeding is seasonal with a peak summer nesting period. Elsewhere the species breeds continuously throughout the year. The clutch size is between 1–3 eggs with the eggs being a pale bluish or greenish, with white outer layer with the incubation period approximately 43 days. Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and Threats Database (SPAT)

Buff-banded Rail Listed Endangered Species Status: Endangered Rallus philippensis Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests Likelihood of or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative Occurrence during breach and penalties apply project Buff-banded Rails often nest on or close to the ground (< 1.5 m) Moderate around wetlands or in pasture or crops among tall and dense clumps of grass, rushes, sedges, samphire, shrubs e.g. Melaleuca or fallen timber. They may also nest at the base of a Likelihood of frond in a Coconut Palm Cocus nucifera or in grass tussocks or impact on breeding other similar ground vegetation cycle during project During the breeding season mainland birds form stable monogamous pairs, holding or defending a territory against Low other pairs and single birds. Eggs have been recorded in January, May and June, whilst chicks estimated to be 2-3 days old have been recorded in late November. The clutch size of the Buff-banded Rail is usually 5-8. Smaller clutches of 2-3 may also be recorded, or of 4-5 during drought years. Egg laying usually occurs at intervals of 24 hours, and the incubation period is 18-25 days. Successive clutches may be laid at intervals of two months, and pairs may breed up to three times in a year in Australia. Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and Threats Database (SPAT)

37 Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

Common Noddy Listed Marine Species and Migratory Species Anous stolidus

Status: Threatened Likelihood of Occurrence during Species or species habitat known to occur within area project

Moderate Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative Likelihood of breach and penalties apply. impact on breeding cycle during project The Common Noddy breeds on various islands. In Australia it breeds on the islands of the Great Barrier Reef, north west Low Australia and Lord Howe Island and the Norfolk Group.

It is a common spring and summer breeding species (from October to December-January) that gathers on the islands to nest then disperse out to sea. It nests in small groups in a depression in the ground or amongst rocks. Each pair raises a single brood each year. Incubation length ranges between 33-36 days.

Source: Norfolk Island Region Threatened Species Recovery Plan (Director of National Parks (DNP), 2010

Crested Tern Listed Marine Species Sterna bergii Status: Vulnerable Species or species habitat known to occur within area Likelihood of Occurrence during Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests project or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative Moderate breach and penalties apply The nest is a shallow scrape in bare sand, rock or coral, in flat open sites on offshore islands, low-lying coral reefs, sandy or Likelihood of rocky coastal islets, coastal spits, lagoon mudflats or islets in impact on breeding saltpans and sewage works. The species nests in dense cycle during project colonies with neighbouring nests very close together (rims may Low be touching) usually forages within 3 km of the breeding colony. Breeding takes place from October to December each year. A single egg, rarely two, is laid and incubated for 21 to 26 days. The pale, black-spotted chick is led from the nest two to four days after hatching and is fed by the adults outside of the colony Source: Birdlife International Organisation

Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

Eastern Reef Listed Marine Species and Migratory Species Egrets

Egretta Sacra Status: Threatened Species or species habitat known to occur within area Likelihood of Occurrence during Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests project or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative Moderate breach and penalties apply The Eastern Reef Egret lives on beaches, rocky shores, tidal rivers and inlets, mangroves, and exposed coral reefs. Likelihood of impact on breeding The Eastern Reef Egret breeds throughout the year. The nests cycle during project can be in trees in island woodlands, or on the ground under shrubs or rock ledges. The stick nest platform is lined with Moderate seaweed. Nesting occurs in single pairs or in small colonies. Both sexes incubate the eggs and the young remain in the nest for up to 6 weeks. Source: Birdlife Australia 2012 Great Frigatebird Listed Marine Species and Migratory Species Fregata minor

Status: Threatened Likelihood of Species or species habitat known to occur within area Occurrence during project Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative Moderate breach and penalties apply. Breeding season is from January to August. They generally lay Likelihood of one white egg per clutch which is incubated for 51-57 days. impact on breeding They often assume an energy-efficient posture in which their cycle during project head hangs down, and they sit so still that they seem dead. Low Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and Threats Database (SPAT)

Lesser Golden Listed Marine Species Plover Status: Threatened Pluvialis fulva Species or species habitat known to occur within area Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative Likelihood of breach and penalties apply Occurrence during project This species does not breed in Australia Moderate Source: Birds in Backyards Factsheet

Likelihood of impact on breeding cycle during project Low

39 Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

Least Frigatebird Listed Marine Species and Migratory Species Fregata ariel Status: Threatened Likelihood of Species or species habitat known to occur within area Occurrence during project Low Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative breach and penalties apply. Likelihood of Breeding seems to occur between May and December in in the impact on breeding Australian region. They nest in trees (on Christmas Island) and cycle during both sexes contribute to nest building and incubation and project feeding of the young. One egg is laid which takes 6–7 weeks to hatch. Fledglings are not left alone for another seven weeks or Low so for fear that they may be attacked and eaten by other birds including other frigate birds. They remain in the nest for another

6 months or so until fledged but they are cared for and fed by their parents for quite a long time after that. Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and Threats Database (SPAT)

Masked Booby Listed Marine Species and Migratory Species Sula Dactylatra Status: Vulnerable

Species or species habitat known to occur within area Likelihood of Occurrence during Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests project or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative Moderate breach and penalties apply. The Masked Booby roosts on the ground beside their nests when breeding, although sometimes breeding birds roost on Likelihood of beaches near colonies. Non-breeding adults and juveniles roost impact on breeding on the ground near colonies in small groups. Outside of the cycle during breeding season, birds roost on other islands or on the sea project surface. Moderate The Masked Booby nests annually, usually in the same area, and often associated with nests of the Brown Booby. The density of nests varies at sites and the species defends the area surrounding the immediate nest. The nest is usually a cleared, circular area. Both parents incubate one or two large eggs for a period of 40 to 49 days In Australia, the Masked Booby has a laying period of January to July on Cocos-Keeling Islands, with young present from April-December. Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and Threats Database (SPAT)

Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

Red Footed Booby Listed Marine Species and Listed Migratory Species Sula sula Species or species habitat known to occur within area Likelihood of Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests Occurrence during or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative project breach and penalties apply. Moderate The Red Footed Booby builds a nest in the terminal branches

of a supporting tree or shrub. The height at which the nest is

placed depends partly on the height of available vegetation. Likelihood of Nests consist mainly of twigs or whatever material is available, impact on breeding and are generally lined with finer twigs and some leafy material. cycle during Nests are usually substantial, and are sometimes re-used from project year to year. Moderate The species breeds all year round. On Cocos-Keeling Island and Christmas Island the Red Footed Booby's lay eggs from January to July, but mainly in the April to June period. In the Coral Sea, laying is from June to January, but mainly September to October.

A single egg is laid which is incubated for approximately 45 days. Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and Threats Database (SPAT)

Red-tailed Listed Marine Species Tropicbirds Status: Vulnerable Phaethon Species or species habitat known to occur within area rubricauda

Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative Likelihood of breach and penalties apply Occurrence during project Nests are located on isolated islands at inaccessible locations such as cliffs and may be used for more than six breeding Low seasons. This species nests individually or in small breeding colonies and is territorial, defending the nest by a defence display and fighting. Nests are a simple scrape that may be Likelihood of surrounded by plant material and stones. impact on breeding cycle during project Breeding occurs between October and April. A single egg is laid and incubated for 41 to 51 days by both parents. The parents Low guard and feed the young for approximately 3 months, at which time the young fledges and becomes independent. The age of breeding and pair formation is unknown. Source: Red-tailed Tropicbird Threatened Species Information (NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service) 1999

41 Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

Ruddy Turnstone Listed Marine Species and Migratory Species Arenaria Interpres

Status: Threatened Likelihood of Species or species habitat known to occur within area Occurrence during project Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests Moderate or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative breach and penalties apply. Likelihood of This species does not breed in Australia impact on breeding cycle during project Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Low Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and Threats Database (SPAT)

Sacred Kingfisher Listed Marine Species Status: Vulnerable Todiramphus sanctus Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative Likelihood of breach and penalties apply Occurrence during project In Australia, Sacred Kingfishers spend the winter in the north of Moderate their range and return south in the spring to breed. For most of the year Sacred Kingfishers are mainly solitary, pairing only for the breeding season. Usually two clutches are laid in a season. Likelihood of Both sexes excavate the nest, which is normally a burrow in a impact on breeding termite mound, hollow branch or river bank. The nest chamber cycle during project is unlined and can be up to 20m above the ground. Both sexes also incubate the eggs and care for the young. Low

They are a summer breeding migrant arriving in Canberra from the tropics in September. Numbers peak rapidly in October as birds move through the urban areas before settling in woodland or continuing their migration south.

The nest is made in a tree hollow, tunnel in an arboreal termite nest or in the earth bank (eg: beside a creek bed). The eggs are incubated for 23 - 25 days and the young start to fly at around 35 days old.

Source: Birds In Backyards Fact Sheet

Sooty Tern Listed Marine Species Sterna fuscata Status: Vulnerable Likelihood of Species or species habitat known to occur within area Occurrence during project Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests Moderate or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative breach and penalties apply Likelihood of This species is a spring/summer breeder with most pairs impact on breeding starting to nest in November but the laying season is prolonged cycle during project by the harvesting of eggs by islanders. The nest is a shallow scrape in sand or soft soil. During spring a single egg is laid, Low which is then incubated by both adults for a period of 28 days.

Source: Norfolk Island Region Threatened Species Recovery Plan (Director of National Parks (DNP), 2010 42

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Wedge-Tailed Listed Marine Species and Migratory Species Shearwater

(Mutton Birds) Status: Threatened Puffinus pacificus Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Likelihood of Occurrence during Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests project or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative breach and penalties apply. Moderate The Wedge-tailed Shearwater breeds colonially and is rarely seen alone during this period. Small flocks are formed at the start of the breeding season and birds often gather in large Likelihood of flocks (up to 600 have been recorded in one flock) in areas impact on breeding where food is concentrated. The Wedge-tailed Shearwater cycle during project breeds in summer. Low Twenty-five per cent of Australian breeding occurs within the Great Barrier Reef and the largest breeding colony is recorded at the Capricorn-Bunker group of islands. The wedge-tailed shearwater breeds between February and November in the Northern Hemisphere and September to June in the Southern Hemisphere, although the exact timing varies with location The species usually excavates burrows on flat or flattish areas with dense grassy and tussocky vegetation but much depends on the nature of soil and terrain, as at some sites burrows are below the cover of trees and shrubs. In deep soft soil, burrows can be 2+ meters long. At sites with sandy vegetated screes or stable dunes or on flats of shell grit, burrows are approximately 1.5 m long, parallel with the surface or steeply dipping. A single, very large white egg which is incubated for between 50 and 53 days. Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and Threats Database (SPAT)

Welcome Swallow Listed Marine Species and Migratory Species Status: Critically Endangered Hirundo neoxena Species or species habitat known to occur within area Likelihood of Occurrence during Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests project or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative breach and penalties apply Low

Welcome Swallows readily breed close to human habitation. Likelihood of The nest is an open cup of mud and grass, made by both impact on breeding sexes, and is attached to a suitable structure, such as a vertical cycle during project rock wall or building. The nest is lined with feathers and fur. Low The breeding season of the welcome swallow runs from July to April, with a peak in breeding activity between September and October. Breeding tends to occur earlier inland than on the coast.

The female welcome swallow lays a clutch of two to seven eggs, although four to five is most common. The eggs are incubated by the female for 14 to 19 days, and both adults feed the chicks, which fledge at 18 to 23 days old Young Welcome Swallows are buffy white, instead of rusty, on the forehead and throat, and have shorter tail streamers. Source: Birds in Backyards Factsheet

43 Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

Willis Island Gecko Listed Marine Species Status: Vulnerable Lepitodactylus lugubris Species or species habitat known to occur within area

Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative Likelihood of breach and penalties apply Occurrence during Handling Mourning Geckos is not recommended. This species project is very fast and can grip almost all surfaces and fit itself into Moderate small crevices making a missing gecko impossible to catch or find. The skin is also very tender and with rough handling can break and tear as one of it's defence mechanisms. Likelihood of Sexual maturity is reached within 8 to 10 months with egg impact on breeding development and laying around this time. There is no need for cycle during project a male to reproduce as this gecko is parthenogenetic. The Low breeding season occurs from February to August. Two eggs are produced with only one on occasion. This

species is also cannibalistic to both eggs and hatchlings. Be sure to always have live feeders available in the cage every evening to prevent cannibalism. Source: Reptile Speciality Care Sheet

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7.1.2 Likely Fauna

Listed Threatened Species, Migratory Species & Marine Species

Leatherback Turtle Listed Marine Species and Migratory Species Status: Endangered Dermochelys coriacea Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative Likelihood of breach and penalties apply Occurrence during No major nesting has been recorded in Australia, although project scattered isolated nesting (one to three nests per annum) Low occurs in southern Queensland throughout summer. Leatherback Turtles require sandy beaches to nest, with some evidence that coarser sand is more conducive to successful Likelihood of hatching than finer sand impact on breeding cycle during project Female Leatherback Turtles may lay four to five times per season (although this varies substantially between genetic Low stocks), each time depositing 60 to 120 eggs. About half the eggs in each clutch fail to develop or lack a yolk. Eggs are

white and spherical with a mean diameter of 5.3 cm and weight of 82 g with the incubation period of 60–93 days. Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and Threats Database (SPAT)

Flatback turtle Listed Marine Species and Migratory Species Status: Vulnerable Natator depressus Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests Likelihood of or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative Occurrence during breach and penalties apply project In Queensland, Flatback Turtle mating occurs before nesting Low begins in mid -October, with nesting occurring between October and January with the peak in December. Likelihood of Females lay a mean of 2.8 clutches per season at an inter- impact on breeding nesting interval of 15 days. Clutches contain approximately 50 cycle during project eggs with an average size of 5.2 cm in diameter and 78 g in weight. Clutches are laid at a depth of 55 cm. Flatback Turtles Low breed at intervals between one to five years (i.e. remigration interval) with a mean of 2.7 years. Eggs incubate for around six weeks before hatchlings emerge from the nest and enter the sea. Predation of hatchlings as they cross the beach to the sea by birds, small crocodiles and crabs can be significant. Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and Threats Database (SPAT)

45 Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

Loggerhead Turtle Listed Marine Species and Migratory Species Status: Endangered Caretta caretta Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests Likelihood of or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative Occurrence during breach and penalties apply project The Loggerhead Turtle is characterised by five pairs of costal Low (between the centre and outer margin of shell) scales. For trained people Loggerhead Turtles are relatively easy to distinguish from other marine turtle species using both the Likelihood of identification of the turtle itself or by viewing tracks. impact on breeding cycle during project Loggerhead Turtles nest on open, sandy beaches laying about 4 clutches of about 112 eggs every 12-17 days. This happens Low every 2-4 years. Eggs are incubated for approximately 55-62 days.

Hatchlings enter the open ocean and begin feeding on small animals. Small Loggerhead Turtles live at or near the surface of the ocean and move with the ocean currents. Loggerhead Turtles in Australia breed from November to March with a peak in late December/early January. Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and Threats Database (SPAT)

Olive Ridley Turtle Listed Marine Species and Migratory Species Status: Endangered Lepidochelys olivacea Species or species habitat likely to occur within area

Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative Likelihood of breach and penalties apply Occurrence during The Australian population appears to be the largest breeding project population remaining in the south-east Asia-western Pacific Low region, with other previously significant breeding areas (such as Peninsula Malaysia and Thailand) having declined significantly as a result of long-term over-harvest of eggs. Likelihood of Female Olive Ridley Turtles lay clutches of eggs on sandy impact on breeding beaches; hatchlings disperse into offshore currents and have a cycle during project pelagic phase of unknown length. Successful incubation of Low eggs requires the nesting sand temperature to be between 25– 33 ºC.

Females breed annually from March to October. Olive Ridley Turtles are known for their shallow nesting habits and in Australia suffer widespread loss of eggs to predation by dogs, dingoes, goannas and pigs. Around 109 eggs are laid per clutch. Nesting is undertaken two to three times per nesting season. They incubate over a period between 50–80 days with hatchlings weighing 17 g and generally emerging from the nest at night. Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and Threats Database (SPAT)

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Hawksbill Turtle Listed Marine Species and Migratory Species Status: Vulnerable Eretmochelys imbricata Species or species habitat likely to occur within area Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative Likelihood of breach and penalties apply Occurrence during project Breeding male and female Hawksbills move from their feeding grounds to areas near nesting beaches for mating. The males Low then return to their feeding grounds and the females come up onto the beach to lay their eggs, usually on several different nights. Likelihood of impact on breeding The Western Australian nesting season occurs primarily from cycle during project October to January, but the entire breeding season remains undefined. Low The eggs are buried in sand that is aerated (but not exposed), low in salt, and high in humidity. Hawksbill Turtles lay between one and six clutches of eggs per season, each with an average of 122 eggs. The incubation period averages 60 days. Individual females reproduce every two to four years. Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and Threats Database (SPAT) Herald Petrel Pterodroma Listed Marine Species and Migratory Species heraldica Status: Critically Endangered Species or species habitat likely to occur within area Likelihood of Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests Occurrence during or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative project breach and penalties apply Low In the Australasian region, breeding is only known from Raine Island, Queensland, where the birds nest on the ground on a low sand ridge, under a mat of dense shrubs (Achyranthes Likelihood of aspera, Abutilon indicum, Amaranthus leptostachys, Sesbania impact on breeding cannabina), creepers (Tribulus cistoides) and grass (Lepturus cycle during project repens). Low The species nests on tropical and subtropical islands, atolls, cays and rocky islets laying only one egg.

The breeding period is considered to be from July to September with nests recorded in July and August, and chicks in July. Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and Threats Database (SPAT)

47 Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

White-bellied Listed Marine Species and Migratory Species Storm-Petrel Status: Vulnerable (Tasman Sea), Species or species habitat likely to occur within area White-bellied Under the EPBC Act touching or harming listed species, nests Storm-Petrel or place of dwelling, eggs or chicks/hatchlings is a legislative (Australasian) breach and penalties apply Fregetta grallaria The White-bellied Storm-Petrel (Tasman Sea) breeds in late grallaria summer and autumn; eggs are laid from January to March, and the young fledge in May.

It nests in crevices between large volcanic rocks or in burrows Likelihood of excavated in banks. The nest chamber is sparsely lined with Occurrence during dried grass. project Clutches consist of a single white egg; some eggs have Low reddish-brown spots around the broader end. The egg is incubated by both parents for about 37 days. Likelihood of Source: Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, impact on breeding Population & Community Biodiversity Species Profile and cycle during project Threats Database (SPAT) Low

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7.1.3 Existing Flora

Existing Flora Notes Primary Source: Laurel Converse, ‘Willis Island Weeds/Introduced Vegetation Quick ID Guide’, 2011

Argusia Description:

Argusia argentea  A medium-sized shrub that grows along tropical coastlines.  It typically reaches heights of around six metres, with the canopy spreading to around nine metres in diameter.  A particularly conspicuous feature of this species is its light green, silky, haired leaves, which have a silvery-grey sheen  The leaves are rather fleshy, oval in shape and are arranged alternately, but spiral at the branch tips  The small, white flowers are arranged into attractive inflorescences, with five-lobed sepals and petals.

 The bark is light brown or grey, with deep grooves.  The smooth, elongated fruit is greenish-white to brown, and divides into four pale ‘nutlets’ which turn light brown when dry.  The fruit encases two to four seeds.  In adaptation to its sandy, coastal environment, Argusia argentea has very strong roots that anchor the plant in even the loosest sand and most severe winds Source: Arkive

Asian Indian Description: Mallow Abutilon  Abutilons are often pubescent, perennial herbs or small albescens shrubs, sometimes small trees.  They range in height from approximately .5 to 3 meters (1.5 to 10 ft)  The leaves, borne on long, thin stalks, are simple, alternate, palmate, lobed, and many have a shape reminiscent of a maple leaf, hence the common name flowering maple.  The five-petaled, pendulous flowers also have long, thin stalks, and are usually bell-shaped, especially when first opening.  Their stamens are combined into a tube around the style. The flowers come in shades of red, pink, orange, yellow and white Source: Wikipedia

Boerhavia albiflora Description:  Prostrate stems radiating from an enlarged burl-like root crown  Flowers white, corolla campanulate, with 5 emarginate lobes  stamens 2-3, filaments curved, style curved, stigma capitate. Source: The New York Botanical Gardens

49 Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

Coconut Palms Description:

Cocos nucifera  Single stemmed palm with the stem 10-45 m tall, commonly leaning and with a swollen base surrounded by a mass of roots  Leaves peripinnate (even-pinnate) with 200-250 linear- lanceolate leaflets arranged in a single plane on either side of the rachis. Fronds are 4.5-5.5 m long, with the petiole making up a quarter of its length. Leaflets are 1.5-5 x 50- 150 cm long, acute, and minutely scaly beneath. Petiole 1- 1.3 m long; the expanded base of the petiole provides firm attachment for the frond to the stem. The petiole and rachis may be green or bronze, which is indicative of the fruit colour.  Flowers are inflorescence panicle-like. The 70-100 cm long woody spathe splits lengthwise to expose the spadix. Each spadix consists of a main axis 1-1.5 m long with 40-60 branches or spikelets bearing the flowers.  The fruit is a fibrous drupe 20-35 cm long, obtusely 3- angled and varies in shape from elongated to almost spherical and weigh between 850 and 3700 g when mature. Only one carpel develops into the seed, the other two aborting. The perianth persists at the base of the mature fruit.  The seed consists of, a thin hard skin (exocarp), a thicker layer of fibrous mesocarp (husk), the hard endocarp (shell), the white endosperm (kernel), and a large cavity filled with liquid. Source: Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants

Crow’s foot grass, Description: Goose grass  Annual or short-lived perennial, clump-forming, branching from the base Eleusine indica  culms 4-9.5 (13) cm tall  leaf blades flat or sometimes folded, 15-30 cm long, 4-6 cm wide; spikes mostly 2-6, usually 5  the florets closely imbricated, dark green, disarticulating at maturity, leaving glumes overlapping in 2 rows on one side of the flattened rachis The grass is listed as ‘naturalised’ but not native to Australia. It was sited around the operational area after rains. Source: Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)

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Desert Description Horsepurslane  Stems prostrate or ascending, somewhat succulent, up to 5 dm long, sometimes more, glabrous or sparsely Trianthema pubescent. portulacastrum  Leaves flat, elliptic to obovate or spatulate, 1-2 (-4) cm long, 0.4-2 (-3) cm wide, margins entire, apex obtuse or retuse, base rounded to cuneate, petioles 0.5-2.5 cm long, expanded into a sheath connate with opposing leaf base to form a cup.  Flowers solitary, sessile, largely hidden in leaf axils; sepals adnate to leaf base, the lobes linear to narrowly deltate, 4- 5 mm long, inner surface pink or white, sparsely pubescent externally; ovary cylindrical; style ca. 2 mm long.  Operculum truncate, 2-3 mm long, with a prominent raised, denticulate rim along outer side.  Seeds dull black, reinform, 1.5-2 mm wide, weakly ridged Source: Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)

Goats foot Description: convolvulus  Perennial with trailing stems, rooting at the nodes, glabrous.

 Leaves with lamina ± folded longitudinally, oblong-elliptic, lpomoea 5–11 cm long, 4–11 cm wide, apex rounded, emarginated brasiliensis to bilobed, base rounded to ± truncate, glabrous; petiole 2– 8 cm long.

 Inflorescence 1-several-flowered. Corolla funnel-shaped, rose-purple, with darker mid-petaline bands and throat, glabrous; tube 3–6.5 cm long; limb 4–7 cm diam.  Capsule ovoid to depressed-globose, 10–18 mm diam., 2- locular, splitting into 4 valves; seeds tomentose.

Source: Plant Net

Khaki Weed Description:

 Very small plant and surrounded by spiny bracts 2–3 mm long. Flowers spring to autumn. Alternantha  Prostrate herb with perennial root system and annual pungens above ground growth. Taproot often large and woody.  Stems shortly silky hairy.

 Leaves ovate to circular, hairless to sparsely hairy, margins entire; leaf stalk 0.2–1 cm long. Inflorescence ovoid, 6–10 mm wide. Fruit 1–1.5 mm long. Seeds about 1mm wide, brownish, globe-shaped.  Distinguished by prostrate habit and stems that root at nodes; opposite leaves, 0.5–6 cm long, 0.6–3 cm wide; flowers in axillary clusters and each flower surrounded by spiny bracts; fruit not opening at maturity.  Spread by seed within spiny bracts that adhere to tyres, clothing and animals. Local spread may also occur through spreading stems that root at nodes. This plant is listed as ‘naturalised’ but considered not native to Australia. Source: Weeds in Australia

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Land couch Description:

 Leaf Sheath usually longer than internodes. Inflorescence consists of small, narrow panicles. Spikelets solitary each Sporobulus containing only one Floret. virginicus  Narrow Leaf Blade (3 mm). Leaves emerge from Ligule surrounded by Sheath. Distinct presence of hairs (0.25

mm) at Leaf base  Forms individual tussocks or dense mats  Leaves bright green interspersed with brown senescent stems Source: Noosa’s Native Plants

Lantern Bush Description

 An erect velvety-pubescent subshrub with suborbicular- ovate cordate coarsely crenate-serrate long-petiolate Abutilon indicum alternate leaves;

 pubescence of soft stellate pale hairs  flowers solitary in axils, on long pedicels (4-7 cm), usually longer than the petioles; petals orange-yellow, imbricate, deltoid-obovate, 1 cm long or slightly more, staminal-tube hirsute with stellate hairs;  fruit circular, of 11-20 radiating carpels, hirsute, brown when dry; each carpel flattened, somewhat boat shaped, apiculate by the short persistent style-remnant, about 8 mm long; seeds reinform and stellate-pubescent Source: Ecoplanet Nature Care

Mexican Poppy Description:

Argemone  An erect annual herb that grows to 1.5 m tall. The stems are sparsely spiny and exude a yellow sap when ochroleuca damaged.  The basal leaves form a rosette at ground level, but soon wither.

 The upper or stem leaves (7-15 cm long and 2-6 cm wide, sometimes much larger) are arranged alternately along the stems and are bluish-green or greyish-green in colour, usually with whitish veins. The leaves are hairless, divided or lobed, and bear small yellowish spines along the edges.  The flowers of Mexican Poppy are 3-7 cm in diameter and consist of six, pale yellow to cream petals. Numerous bright yellow stamens and a purple stigma occur in the centre of the flowers.  The fruits are spiny, oblong capsules (2-5cm long and 1-2 cm wide) and contain numerous small seeds (1-2 mm in diameter).  Prior to flowering, plants may be mistaken for thistles due to the spiny leaves and stems. Found on the SE side of the island at the edge of the operational area outside the Observation Office. Source: Weeds in Australia PDF

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Pacific Islands Description: thintail  Creeping perennial

Lepturus repens  Culms 10–50 cm tall

 Spikes 4–15 cm long, 1–2.5 mm diam.

 Upper glumes narrowly lanceolate, 5–10 mm long.

 Lemma 3.5–5 mm long, somewhat acute.

Source: Flora of Australia Online

Prickly Chaff Description: Flower, Devil’s  Usually flowers and fruits as a small shrub up to 1.5 m tall. whip  Leaf blades about 1.5-13.5 x 0.7-6 cm, petioles about 0.5- Achyranthes 2.5 cm long. Hairs present on both the upper and lower surfaces of the leaf blade. aspera  Spikes about 10-75 cm long, with spiny bracteoles appressed against the 3-5 mm long perianth segments.  Flowers erect in bud. Staminal filaments united in the lower half to form a short hyaline tube which is fimbriate at the apex and completely surrounds the ovary. Ovule one, placenta linear, encircling the ovule and attached to the base of the ovary.  Fruits reflexed at maturity and adhering to clothing. Perianth segments persistent, hard and pungent pointed, about 6.5 mm long enclosing the fruit. Stigma persistent at the apex. Testa thin and papery. Embryo and cotyledons coiled within the endosperm. Cotyledons U-shaped. Endosperm granular-crystalline.  Seedlings about 16-30 x 5-7 mm. Stem above the cotyledons densely clothed in pale hairs. Both the upper and lower surfaces of the first pair of leaves clothed in pale hairs. At the tenth leaf stage: stem pubescent, longitudinally grooved. Both the upper and lower leaf surfaces clothed in white prostrate hairs. Source: Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants

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Spiny emex, Description: Three-cornered  Female flowers are in axillary clusters and male flowers in jack, Doublegee terminal spikes. Flowers mostly late winter to early summer. Tribulus cistoides  Prostrate to partially erect annual hairless herb with a fleshy taproot and stems to 70 cm long.  Leaves ovate, 3–7 cm long with a leaf stalk 2–11 cm long on basal leaves.  Fruit 3-faced, each face with 4 uneven depressions or pits, 3-spined, each spine to 5 mm long, fruit to 1 cm wide, green, drying brown.

 Seeds roughly triangular, brown, 3–4 mm long, 1 per fruit.  Distinguished by 3-spined fruit 7–11 mm long.  Spread by seed. Some plants were found around the edge of the accommodation wing, and it is likely more will appear as rain increase. The spikey seeds have a thorn at each side and are very painful to step on and easily transported if stuck on clothing. Source: Weeds in Australia Description: Verdolaga,  Pigweed is an annual - it completes its life cycle in a year. Pigweed, Little Hogweed, Pusley,  It has a thickened taproot and fleshy stems growing up to Moss rose 25 cm along the ground.

Portulaca oleracea  The yellow flowers appear in August through March.

Source: Royal Botanical Gardens & Domain Trust

7.1.4 Invasive Species

Cat’s whiskers, Description: African Cabbage  Annual herbs 5-15 dm tall; stems unbranched to sparsely branched, glandular pubescent, the hairs of several Cleome gynandra lengths, but not spiny.  Leaflets 3-7, oblanceolate to rhombic, 2-7.5cm long, 1-3.8 cm wide, margins serrulate to denticulate, petioles 3-9 cm long.  Flowers in elongate racemes, each one subtended by 3- foliolate, sessile bracts; sepals 2.5-6 mm long; petals white, spatulate with a long claw, 1-2 cm long, not covering the stamens in bud  Stamens 6, inserted on the gynophore 6-22 mm above the petals; filaments 8-22 mm long; gynophore with a visible scar in fruit.  Capsules narrowly cylindrical, 3-11 cm long, 4-5 (-6) mm in diameter. Seeds numerous, tuberculate A few plants were seen early Sept-Nov 2011 project near the sewage tank and were removed as soon as they were identified. They re-grew after the irrigation sprinklers were installed and started appearing all around the operational area. It will take several seasons of targeted removal to eradicate. Source: Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)

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Coast Button Description: Grass, Coast  Culms compressed and spreading, rooting at the nodes, Finger Grass up to 60 cm- 100cm tall

 Blades flat, the edges lined with hairs, rather narrow, as much as a foot long, generally shorter, up to 6.2 mm wide. Dactyloctenium  Inflorescence of 2-6 broad spikes, up to nearly 6 cm long. aegyptium Lower florets with noticeable awns This plant is listed as naturalised but not native to Australia. It is

a perennial grass it is possibly still present but not seen due to dry conditions and will become more visible during the rainy season. Source: Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)

Common Couch, Type: Weed Coastal Bermuda Description: Grass  A low-growing perennial with grey-green leaves Cynodon dactylon  A variable perennial, creeping by means of stolons and rhizomes, eight to 40 culms, (rarely) to 90 cm high  leaves hairy or glabrous

 three to seven spikes (rarely two), usually 3-6 cm long and in one whorl, or in robust forms up to ten spikes, sometimes in two whorls: spikelets 2-3 mm long,  It spreads rapidly by seed and runners and even small fragments will root if dumped with garden refuse. It is regarded as an Australian native and is widely planted as a lawn grass. It was given 2nd place in the World’s Worst Weeds. It was primarily found at the edge of the mown area along the accommodation wing and Observation Office. Source: Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)

Green Amaranth Description:  Monoecious annual herbs; stems erect or occasionally Amaranthus viridis ascending, 1-8 (-10) dm long, sparingly to densely branched, striate, glabrous and usually becoming pubescent with multicellular hairs above.  Leaves deltate-ovate to narrowly rhombic, blades 2-7 cm long, 1.5-5.5 cm wide, glabrous or lower surface pilose along the veins, apex usually narrow and with a small narrow emargination, petioles 1-10 cm long.  Flowers green, in slender, axillary or terminal and often paniculate spikes, sometimes in axillary clusters in lower part of plant  pistillate flowers narrowly compressed, 1-1.3 mm long, reticulate and with shallow outgrowths on the reticulum This plant is listed as ‘naturalised’ but not native to Australia. It was sighted during the Sept-Nov. project all around the Operational area.

Source: Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)

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Mossman River Type: Weed grass, Burr Grass, Description: Walkaway Burr  An upright and loosely tufted short-lived annual grass, Cenchrus usually growing 25-60 cm tall, but occasionally up to 100 cm in height. echinatus  The leaf blades are 5-25 cm long and 3-12 mm wide and usually have some hairs present, particularly along their margins. The leaf sheaths, especially those on younger plants, and lower stems often have a reddish or purplish- coloured tinge.  The flower head is spike-like in appearance and is 3-10 cm long. This seed-head consists of 5-50, stalkless burr-like structures which are 4-10 mm in size, each bearing many sharp rigid spines that are 2-5 mm long and also hairy bristles.  These burrs contain a cluster of two to four flower spikelets, and each flower spikelet usually produces a single seed. The egg-shaped, brownish coloured seeds are 1.5-3.0 mm long and 1.3-2.2 mm wide and are well hidden within the burrs The burrs can cause injury/annoyance and are easily transported as they stick readily to cloth, hair and likely bird feathers, making control difficult once it is established. Any burrs found (including on clothes etc.) should be incinerated to minimise spread. During September-November 2011, it was found mostly on the larc track, near the sewerage tanks and scattered all around the perimeter of the operational area. Large sections were removed at this time and incinerated but there are evident seed banks around the operational area. Vigilance will be required if eradication is to be successful. Source: Weeds in Australia

Dwarf Poinsettia, Description: Painted Spurge  Erect herb with green stems to nearly 1 m tall  leaves alternate, petioles slender, 1-4 cm long

Euphorbia  blades mostly pandurate with 2 or 4 obtuse or subacute lobes those of basal leaves sometimes simply ovate, entire cyathophora or obscurely distantly serrate, 4-7 cm long, 1.5-3 cm wide  Uppermost bracteal leaves with basally red-blotched blades  Cyathia compact in cymes; involucre with 1 or 2 nectaries between 2 or 3 of the 5 ovate-oblong laciniate lobes; ovary 3-lobed, stipitate; capsule 3 mm long, 4 mm wide, glabrous  seeds dark brown, tuberculate, obovoid, basally flattened, apically subconic, 2 x 1.5 mm The plant was reportedly deliberately planted on Willis Island. It seems to be quite abundant through the edges of the operational area, especially, and was even seen at the beach- side edge of native grass area behind the Hydrogen Generation plant. Source: Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)

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8 Appendix – Legal Register

8.1 Purpose & scope This schedule identifies the legal and other requirements that are applicable to the Bureau’s operations that may impact on the environment. The Register of Environmental Legal and Other Requirements summarises environmental legislation and government policy related to the Bureau’s operational impacts and lists the respective compliance requirements.

Definitions Other requirements – Non-statutory or regulatory requirements which the Bureau is required to meet, such as Government initiatives, and voluntarily accepted obligations.

Actions The Register of Environmental Legal and Other Requirements is maintained by the Environmental & Sustainability Executive Officer:

1. Updates on environmental legislation are identified through regular (at least annually) contact with: a. the Commonwealth’s Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities; and other relevant Departments; b. relevant State and Territory environmental Departments; c. relevant State and Territory Environment Protection Authorities; d. membership with the Environmental Institute of Australian and New Zealand and periodic checking of the member’s section website for updates to legislation; e. attendance at seminars and workshops where legislation change is discussed; f. relevant central agencies; and g. communication between the whole of Government Environmental Agencies Network (GAEN). 2. Once an update, change or new legislation or policy is identified, the Environmental Legal and Other Requirements Register is to be updated by the Environmental & Sustainability Executive Officer after endorsement by the Environmental Sustainability Management Committee and the Bureau’s Executive. 3. After endorsement, relevant information and the related requirements are to be disseminated to affected staff. Determining who is to be informed, and the method of that communication, is at the discretion of the Environmental & Sustainability Executive Officer according to the circumstances, but should at least include those areas which could potentially be affected by the change. 4. Program Managers and Regional Directors are to be familiar with the environmental legislation and policies relevant to their section; branch; division or region. 5. Links to updated copies are to be available in the register. 6. Where legislative or regulatory requirements identify environmental aspects and/or impacts, these aspects and/or impacts will be identified as significant and prioritised

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first when developing the Environmental Management Plan and Aspects and Impacts Register.

7. Conduct a review of the Environmental Legal and Other Requirements Register annually, with any amendments or additions implemented following this review, after endorsement from the Environmental Sustainability Management Committee and the Bureau’s Executive.

8. Ensure the relevant branches; sections; divisions and regions are aware of their responsibilities according to the Environmental Legal and Other Requirements Register by holding a meeting annually.

Accountability The Environmental & Sustainability Executive Officer is responsible for the development and maintenance of the Register of Legal and Other Requirements Register.

Required records Register of Legal and Other Requirements.

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8.2 Legal and Other Requirements Register

8.2.1 Commonwealth legislation Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 The EPBC Act is the central environmental legislation for the Commonwealth Government. It provides a legal framework to protect and manage nationally and internationally important flora, fauna, ecological communities and heritage places defined in the Act as matters of national environmental significance.

The Act requires the principles of ecologically sustainable development to be taken into account for a new development proposal if that proposal is likely to a result in a significant impact on the environment.

Section 516A requires Commonwealth Government agencies to include a report on environmental matters in their annual reports. These reports must:  Say how the agency’s activities have accorded with the principles of Ecologically Sustainable Development;  Identify how agency outcomes contributed to Ecologically Sustainable Development;  Document the agency’s impacts on the environment and measures taken to minimise those impacts;  Identify the review mechanisms in place to review and increase the effectiveness of the measures the agency takes to minimise its environmental impact.

The Act clarifies that for s. 516A, activities include the development and implementation of policies, plans, programs and legislation.

The Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts has developed reporting guidelines to assist Commonwealth agencies in implementing section 516A.

Environment Protection (Impact of Proposals) Act 1974 Significant environmental matters must be fully examined and taken into consideration in relation to actions, proposals and decisions taken on or behalf of the Commonwealth Government and its agencies.

Environment Protection (Sea Dumping) Act 1981 This Act regulates the loading and dumping of waste at sea to protect waters surrounding Australia’s coastline. The Act fulfils Australia's international obligations under the London Protocol to prevent marine pollution by dumping of wastes and other matter. Permits are required from the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts for all ocean disposal activities.

National Environment Protection Council Act 1994 Establishes the National Environment Protection Council (NEPC). This is a national ministerial body which makes national environment protection measures to ensure that Australians have equivalent protection from air, water, soil and noise pollution. This Act is mirrored in all States and Territories.

National Environment Protection Measures (Implementation) Act 1998 This Act provides for the implementation of National Environment Protection Measures (NEPMs) for certain activities carried on by or on behalf of the Commonwealth and Commonwealth authorities, and for related purposes.

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State and Territory laws implementing national environment protection measures do not apply to the activities of the Commonwealth or Commonwealth authorities. However, under this Act, the Environment Minister may (subject to considerations of national interest or administrative efficiency) apply those State or Territory laws to the activities of the Commonwealth or Commonwealth authorities in other places. If NEPMs are not implemented in relation to the activities of the Commonwealth or Commonwealth authorities they can be implemented by regulations; or if there are no regulations, through environmental audits and environment management plans.

National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007 The National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007 (the Act) was passed on 29 September 2007 establishing a mandatory reporting system for corporate greenhouse gas emissions and energy production and consumption who reach the trigger point (note reporting is mandatory for the Bureau). The first reporting period under the Act commenced on 1 July 2008.

Key features of the Act are:  Reporting of greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption and production by large corporations.  Public disclosure of corporate level greenhouse gas emissions and energy information.  Consistent and comparable data available for decision making, in particular, the development of the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme

Motor Vehicles Standards Act 1989 Imposes emission standards for exhaust fumes on road vehicles and their component parts.

Ozone Protection Act 1989 Controls the use of goods that are known to cause destruction of the ozone layer. The contents of this Act are mirrored in similar Acts in all States and Territories.

Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals Act 1994 Provides for the evaluation, registration and control of agricultural and veterinary chemical products in the ACT and is mirrored by similar legislation in all the other Australian States and Territories.

Industrial Chemicals (Notification and Assessment) Act 1989 Deals with the importation, storage, use, transportation and handling of these substances.

Road Transport Reform (Dangerous Goods) Act 1995 Regulates all aspects of the transportation of dangerous goods in the ACT and in Jervis Bay Territory.

Australian Heritage Commission Act 1975 Provides for the identification and preservation at a Commonwealth level of aspects of the natural environment of national interest.

Natural Heritage Trust of Australia Act 1997 This Act establishes the Natural Heritage Trust of Australia Reserve. The main source of money for the Reserve is $1.35 billion from the partial sale of Telstra. This Act also establishes the Natural Heritage Trust Advisory Committee.

The main objective of the establishment of the Reserve is to conserve, repair and replenish Australia’s natural capital infrastructure. Money in the Reserve will be spent on the environment, sustainable agriculture and natural resources management.

This Act has been developed to redress the current decline, and to prevent further decline, in the quality of Australia’s natural environment.

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Water Efficiency Labelling and Standards Regulations 2005 There is a growing need to reduce water consumption across Australia as populations increase and climate change results in more frequent extreme dry weather conditions. Water shortages and longer-term security of water supply are an increasing concern for many of our major cities. To help to reduce urban water consumption on a national scale, the Australian Government, in collaboration with State and Territory governments, has introduced a Water Efficiency Labelling and Standards (WELS) Scheme, which applies national mandatory water efficiency labelling and minimum performance standards to household water-using products.

8.2.2 National policies Intergovernmental Agreement on the Environment (IGAE) 1992 The IGAE was developed between the Commonwealth, States and Territories, and attempts to define environmental policy and management responsibilities of each level of government. In some areas, particularly pollution control and waste management, the IGAE sets up procedures which aim to produce common environmental standards and guidelines throughout Australia.

National Packaging Covenant The National Packaging Covenant is a voluntary initiative by government and Industry, to reduce the environmental effects of packaging on the environment. It is designed to minimise the environmental impacts arising from the disposal of used packaging, conserve resources through better design and production processes and facilitate the re-use and recycling of used packaging materials.

National Strategy for Ecologically Sustainable Development The National Strategy for Ecologically Sustainable Development (NSESD) provides broad strategic directions and framework for governments to direct policy and decision-making. The Strategy facilitates a coordinated and co-operative approach to ecologically sustainable development (ESD) and encourages long-term benefits for Australia over short-term gains.

The NSESD addresses many key areas for action identified in Agenda 21. These include issues across a number of sectors such as manufacturing, agriculture and mining; and also cover broader inter-sectoral issues such as gender, native vegetation, pricing and taxation, coastal zone management, education and training. To ensure the goals and values of all Australians were included, the Strategy was developed in consultation with the community, industries, interested groups, scientific organisations, governments and individuals. Although it primarily guides the decisions of governments, the strategy is also useful for community, industry and business groups.

The NSESD was adopted by all levels of Australian government in 1992. Since 1992, the pursuit of ecologically sustainable development has been increasingly incorporated into the policies and programs of Australian governments as a significant policy objective (for example, the Australian Government's Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999).

National Strategy for the Conservation of Australia’s Biological Diversity The goal for the National Strategy for the Conservation of Australia’s Biological Diversity is to protect biological diversity and maintain ecological processes and systems. The strategy seeks to provide a systematic approach to this complex problem, drawing upon and improving existing strategies, such as the National Strategy for Ecologically Sustainable Development, with regard to their protection of Australia’s biodiversity.

Commonwealth Procurement Guidelines (December 2008) The Commonwealth Procurement Guidelines (CPGs) establish the core procurement policy framework and articulate the Government's expectations of all departments and agencies (agencies) subject to the Financial Management and Accountability Act 1997] (FMA Act) and their officials1, when performing duties in relation to procurement. The CPGs establish the procurement policy framework within which agencies determine their own specific procurement practices

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Chief Executive's Instructions and Operational Guidelines for Procurement is a part of the Good Procurement Practice (GPP) series published by the Department of Finance and Administration. The purpose of the GPP booklets is to explain procurement policy in practical terms and to provide examples of good practice. The booklets support the CPGs and the relevant Financial Management Guidance publications. The series is not intended to be binding on agencies but rather to assist agencies.

8.2.3 ACT legislation Australian Capital Territory (Planning and Land Management) Act 1988 This Act provides for a system of land use which encourages minimum environmental impact in the Australian Capital Territory.

Building Act 1972 Imposes restrictions on the construction of buildings to ensure they are safe and do not emit harmful substances.

Building and Services Act 1924 Provides for garbage regulation and the removal of wastes, and imposes the same restrictions on the construction of buildings as the Building Act 1972.

Building (Design and Siting) Act 1964 Provides for land use and building controls that must be taken into account in any residential or commercial development in the ACT.

Dangerous Goods Act 1975 (NSW) applies in the ACT Provides for the licensing of, premises for the storage of dangerous goods; vehicles and vessels for the carriage of dangerous good; their manufacture and sale.

Dangerous Goods Act 1984 Provides for a licensing system for dangerous goods and prescribes the packaging and labelling required and marking of vehicles used for transportation of such goods.

Electricity and Water Act 1988 This Act establishes the Electricity and Water Authority (ACTEW) which controls the collection and treatment of sewage, and empowers the Authority to participate in the setting and enforcement of standards relating to the protection of water catchments. The Canberra Sewerage and Water Regulations made under this Act stipulate the manner in which sewage is to be removed from premises.

ACTEW reviews applications, provides approvals and undertakes monitoring for water to be discharged into the sewerage system.

Environment Protection Act 1997 Regulates all aspects of environmental impacts in the ACT from air, water and soil pollution to land use and development strategies. Provides legislative authority for the ACT Government’s Environmental Protection Policies and National Environment Protection Measures.

Activities requiring environmental authorisation and/or the requirement of being a party to an environmental protection agreement are under Schedule 1. Included are activities relating to ozone, commercial incineration and sewerage treatment. Specific offences in relation to fuel burning and petrol are located in Schedule 2. Supply, use or disposal of ozone depleting substances requires an environmental authorisation or licence; otherwise it is an offence to release ozone depleting substances into the atmosphere. This extends to disposal of air-conditioning units, fire extinguishers, and refrigeration equipment.

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Fuels Control Act 1979 Regulates the transport, storage and sale of petroleum and other fuels in the territory.

Heritage Objects Act 1991 Provides a comprehensive register of cultural heritage property and objects, and for the conservation of items and places of Aboriginal heritage. Development, construction or alterations works may only proceed after due regard is as to their impact on matters of cultural heritage and may only proceed if approved by the Minister.

Lakes Act 1976 Deals with preservation of the waters of the lakes in the ACT.

Land (Planning and Environment) Act 1991 An environmental impact statement may be required to include an evaluation of the impact of noise emissions in considering planning proposals. Implements an extensive regime of environmental impact statements and public environmental reports that must be submitted for developments as specified under the Act.

The scope of this Act covers management plans, state of the environment reporting, and heritage, including natural and manufactured objects and places of heritage significance. The Act provides for a heritage places register, which is incorporated into the Territory Plan. There is a prohibition on damaging or disturbing an unregistered Aboriginal place.

Litter Act 1977 Makes it an offence to deposit litter on or in a public place.

Motor Traffic Act 1986 Prohibits driving of a vehicle emitting undue amount of smoke and mandates the use of unleaded petrol in motor vehicles registered after 1986.

National Land Ordinance 1989 Provides for restrictions and conditions on the use of, and construction of buildings on, National Land in the Territory.

Nature Conservation Act 1980 Provides for the protection and conservation of native animals and plants and for reservation of areas for that purpose. The minister can declare vulnerable or endangered species, endangered ecological communities, and threatening processes.

Poisons Act 1933 Regulates the sale, storage and use of specified poisonous substances.

Protection of Lands Act 1937 Provides for the protection of land from potentially harmful activity, including certain development activity.

Public Health Act 1928 1990 amendments provide for the protection of public health by prohibiting smoking in specified public places.

Smoke Free Areas (Enclosed Public Places) Act 1994 Prohibits or restricts smoking in certain public places. Smoking is prohibited in enclosed public places, including workplaces.

Waste Minimisation Act 2001 The main objects of this Act are to establish a waste management hierarchy, ensure that government, industry and community representatives are involved in the development of Territory-

63 Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors wide waste policy; minimise the consumption of natural resources and the final disposal of waste by encouraging the avoidance of waste and the reuse and recycling of waste; ensure that industry shares with the community the responsibility for minimising and managing waste; promote and ensure the efficient resourcing of waste service planning and delivery; achieve integrated waste planning and services; and promote and ensure environmentally responsible transporting, reprocessing and handling of waste.

No Waste to Landfill by 2010 Strategy ACT NOWaste is a business unit of the ACT Department of Urban Services. The Waste Management Strategy for Canberra has been developed to set the vision and future directions for waste management in the Australian Capital Territory. The strategy is the result of extensive community consultation which has identified a strong desire to achieve a waste free society by 2010.

Improving current waste management practices will provide opportunities to develop new and innovative businesses with significant employment potential as well as establishing Canberra as a centre of excellence in sustainable resource management.

The Strategy aims to reach no waste to landfill by 2010 with the willingness, co-operation and participation of all sectors of the Canberra community. The strategy establishes a framework for sustainable resource management and lists broad actions which are needed to achieve the aim of a waste-free society.

8.2.4 Queensland legislation Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Act 1992 and Regulation 2003 Any bones or artefacts found must be protected and conserved. Aboriginal ownership of any items found must be recognised.

Coastal Protection and Management Act 1995

Dangerous Goods Safety Management Act 2001 and Regulation 2001 States the laws about the health and safety requirements affecting most workplaces, work activities and specified high risk plant in Queensland.

Environmental Protection Act 1994 General duty to prevent environmental harm through pollution. An Environmental Authority (licence) may be required for sites that store chemicals (other than crude oil, natural gas and petroleum products) including ozone depleting substances, gases or dangerous goods code in containers with a design storage volume of greater than 10 m3 (ERA Number 8). Must notify Queensland Government if a spill occurs that causes or threatens material harm to the environment. An environmental work method statement for the control of dust and air emissions is to be prepared and implemented with risk is moderate or higher. Complaints made by residents about unreasonable contaminate releases to the air environment can be addressed by local government (nuisance laws devolved to local government)

Environmental Protection (Water) Policy 1997 Must not deposit sand, soil, silt or mud in a:  Roadside gutter, stormwater drain; or  Place where it could move or be wasted into a roadside gutter, stormwater drain or water. Local council can develop environmental plans to manage erosion and sediment erosion issues. Check with the appropriate local council for further details. No release of substances to surface waters, ground waters eg cement, building waste, rubbish, hydrocarbons etc. unless authorised by the Environmental Authority, Departmental Approval.

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No release of stormwater off-site into stormwater drain which results in the build-up of sand, silt or mud; or the deposition of sediments off site.

Environmental Protection (Waste Management) Regulation 2000 Stipulates that the disposing of waste or treating and disposing for waste, should occur in a way that causes the least harm to the environment. The waste management hierarch should be used: Avoid/Reduce – Reuse – Recycle – Dispose. Minimise all waste generated. Segregation of waste.

Environmental Protection (Air) Policy 1997 No unreasonable releases of contaminants to air resulting from activities on the site, including nuisance releases, unless authorised by an Environmental Authority. No other air emissions, including odours are detectable at the boundary of the site. An environmental work method statement for the control of dust and air emissions is to be prepared and implemented with risk is moderate or higher.

Integrated Planning Act 1997

Land Act 1994

Land Protection (Pest and Stock Rout Management) Act 2002 Pest management laws define different classes of declared weeds and required management strategies for each. It is illegal to introduce certain classes of declared plants (i.e. there is a legal obligation to prevent weed spread). Must wash down vehicles to prevent the spread of weeds between areas.

Marine Parks Act 2004 and Regulation 2006

Nature Conservation Act 1992 All fauna is protected under the Nature Conservation Act (including common animals). Do not injury or harm animals that may be in the way of works.

Radiation Safety Act 1999

Queensland Heritage Act 1992 and Regulation 2003 The duty of care under the legislation protects not just registered cultural sites but all sites. The discovery of bones or artefacts must be reported to the Queensland Government and the artefacts must not be interfered with. A cultural heritage survey may be required, and for some projects a Cultural Heritage Plan. An application for local government approval may also need to be lodged.

Transport Operations (Marine Pollution) Act 1995

Transport Operations (Road Use Management) Act 1995

Vegetation Management Act 1999 Disturbing remnant native vegetation on private land and any vegetation on government land (eg regrowth on leasehold) will require a permit.

Water Act 2000

8.3 Other Environmental Obligations Building Code of Australia

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Australian Standard 1055.1 (1997) – Acoustics – Description and measurement of environmental noise – General procedures and measurement of environmental noise – General Procedures. Australian Standard 1940 (2004) – The Storage of flammable and combustible materials Australian Standard 2436 (1981) – Guide to noise control on construction, maintenance and demolition sites Australian Standard 2601 (2001) – Demolition of Structures Australian Standard 2931 (1991) – Selection and use of emergency procedure guides for the transport of dangerous goods Australian Standard 4123.7 (2006) - Mobile Waste Containers Part 7: Colours, Markings and Designation Requirements Soil Erosion and Sediment Control – Engineering Guidelines for QLD Construction Sites – Institute of Engineers Aust 1996 Australian Vehicle Standard Rules, made as part of the Motor Vehicle (Standards) Regulation under the Motor Vehicle Act Instructions for the Treatment and Management of Contaminated Land in Queensland, Department of Environment 1998

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9 References

9.1 Published  Department of Environment and Resource Management (DERM) 2010, ‘Revegetation Methods’, Queensland Government, Brisbane.  Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Conservation 2010. Norfolk Region Threatened Species Recovery Plan, Director of National Parks, Canberra  Department of the Sustainability Environment, Water, Population and Communities, 2012, Draft Coral Sea Commonwealth Marine Reserve, Department of the Sustainability Environment, Water, Population and Communities, Canberra.  Environment Australia 2003, Draft Recovery Plan for Marine Turtles in Australia, The Wildlife Management Section, Biodiversity Group, Environment Australia in consultation with the Marine Turtle Recovery Team, Canberra.

9.2 Unpublished  Converse, L., 2011, Willis Island Weeds/Introduced Vegetation Quick ID Guide, Hutchinson Builders, unpublished  Convers, L. 2011 Report on Ecologist Activities and Wildlife Translocations Willis Island Meteorological Station Reconstruction Phase 1B, Hutchinson Builders, 2011  GHD Pty Ltd, 2006, Willis Island Redevelopment Recovery Plan, GHD Pty Ltd, Cairns  GHD Pty Ltd, 2011, Contactors Environmental Management Plan Willis Island, GHD Pty Ltd, Adelaide.  GHD Pty Ltd, 2011, Willis Island Redevelopment Recovery Plan, GHD Pty Ltd, Adelaide  Wilger, M, 1994, Willis Island: A Natural History Report December 1993-June 1994, Bureau of Meteorology, Willis Island, Australia.

9.3 Websites Viewed  Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Conservation n.d., Protected Matters Online Database Last viewed February 2013, http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/pmst/index.html  Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Conservation n.d. Species Profile and Threats Database, Last viewed February 2013  Arkive, no date, Arkive, viewed February 2013,  Australian Tropical rainforest Plants, n.d. Species Information (Tridax procumbens, Achyranthes aspera, Cocos nucifera), viewed February 2013, ; ; , http://keys.trin.org.au:8080/key-server/data/0e0f0504-0103-430d-8004- 060d07080d04/media/Html/taxon/Cocos_nucifera.htm  Birdlife Australia, 2012, Bird Profile: Eastern Reef Egret, Last viewed February 2013  Birdlife International Organisation, n.d., Species Factsheet: Great Creasted Tern, Last viewed February 2013,  Birds in Backyards Fact Sheet n.d. Sacred Kingfisher Factsheet, Last viewed February 2013,  Ecoplanet Nature Care, n.d. Herbs & Plants Indian Mallow, Country mallow, Indian abutilon, Monkey bush, Last viewed February 2013,

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 Flora of Australia Online, n.d. Last viewed February 2013, http://www.anbg.gov.au/abrs/online- resources/flora/redirect.jsp?vol4950=false&search=Do+Search&taxon_name=re&commonn ame=&sn_fam=&sn_gen=&sn_sp=&sn_infsprnk=%25&sn_infspnm=&synonyms=&displayt ype=StandardFloraDisplay&sort_by=a.pnid&FORMAT=TABLE&volslist==%20''49''  Marine Education Society of Australasia, n.d. Sea snakes of Australia, Last viewed February 2013,  Noosa’s Native Plants, n.d. Plant Details, Last viewed February 2013,  Plant Net, n.d. New South Wales Flora Online, Last viewed February 2013,  NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service, 1999, Red-Tailed Tropic Bird Threatened Species Information, Last viewed February 2013,  Reptile Specialty Care Sheet, n.d. Mourning Gecko Care sheet, Last viewed February 2013,  Royal Botanical Gardens and Domain Trust, n.d. Bush Foods of New South Wales, Last viewed February 2013,  The New York Botanical Gardens, n.d. Specimen details, Last viewed February 2013,  Wikipedia, n.d. Abutilon, Last viewed February 2013,

Willis Island Building Rectification – Environmental Plan for Contractors

10 Definitions

10.1 Significant impact A significant impact is an impact which is important, notable, or of consequence, having regard to its context or intensity. Whether or not an action is likely to have a significant impact depends upon the sensitivity, value, and quality of the environment which is impacted, and upon the intensity, duration, magnitude and geographic extent of the impacts. You should consider all of these factors when determining whether an action is likely to have a significant impact on the environment.