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ITC News Magazine 2008

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ITC News Magazine 2008 INTRO content introduction While we’ve been working to bring you ITC News 2008-2, the holiday sea- son has come and gone and we’re already halfway 2008. Your Managing Main features Editor is among the few members of the ITC staff who is not that fond of Automated map generalisation 2 globe-trotting. I prefer to keep my suitcase under the bed, and enjoy the Workshop e-learning 6 colorful stories of the members of the ITC Community. I do study maps and Enschede to deliver in 2008! 10 read about countries and cities I would visit if I was a globe-trotter. Like my imaginary journey this issue of ITC News starts with an article about maps. Facing the food crisis 13 More specific state of the art in automated map generalisation (page 2). Education news Inspired by articles in this issue of ITC News I give you some tips to plan your trip across the globe. Spatial information for disaster risk management 16 In Asia you could follow the Silk Route used by traders since 200BC. Make Applications of EO and GIS sure you stop over in Beijing, China. In 2008 Beijing not only hosts the in IWRM, Kenya 17 Olympics but also the 21st quadrennial ISPRS congress (page 20) and the Dragon Symposium (page 19). Well worth a visit are the Indian ocean corals. Research news Science Daily reported about a new model developed by WCS and ITC that New model predicts where predicts where corals can thrive (page 18). corals can thrive 18 From Asia you might travel to the east to Latin America where ITC organised Project news short course in Cuba, Mexico, Argentina, and Chile (page 16) and to Brazil Bob Su honoured at to stop by an ITC Alumna and holder of a copy of the Nobel Peace prize Dragon symposium 19 (page 27). Events Are you more into Africa? Here are some suggestions for study trips to this ISPRS congress 20 continent: what about attending the GEOSS workshop in Ghana (page 24) or apply for the postgraduate course in Applications of EO and GIS in In memoriam: Integrated Water Resources Management in Kenya (page 17). Daniel Omondi Omolo 22 Your Managing Editor will spend her holiday break in Europe. I will not even leave my country. There is much to attract people to the Netherlands and to Announcements Enschede. As a matter of fact a group of international professional engaged UNESCO manual 23 in e-learning and distance education most recently came together here in GEOSS workshop 24 Enschede to share good practices in e-learning (page 6). This summer I will explore the city of Enschede which is in top gear and ready for the future. A Staff news 24 number of large (building) projects, including the rebuilded Roombeek dis- trict that was hit by the firework disaster in 2000, will see completion in the Life after ITC year 2008 (page 10). Carmen Lucia Midaglia 27 For those who have the privilege to go on holiday, enjoy! Zhengdon Huang 28 Alumni meet Myanmar 30 Janneke Kalf Alumni meet Sweden 30 Managing Editor Tutorial hyperspectral remote sensing 31 Martin Sekeleti 32 colofon ITC NEWS is published quarterly, by ITC, Enschede, the Netherlands Managing Editor: Janneke Kalf Correspondence to: Managing Editor ITC NEWS Editing: Janice Collins P.O.Box 6 Design&PrePress: Henk Scharrenborg 7500 AA Enschede (Composer DTP service) Phone: +31 (0)53 487 44 11 Fax: +31 (0)53 487 45 54 Printing: PlantijnCasparie Zwolle E-mail: [email protected] 2008number 2 The views expressed by the contributors do not necessarily reflect those of ITC ITC News 2008-2 1 MAIN FEATURES ITC Leads Study on Stateof the Art in Automated Map Generalisation Jantien Stoter [email protected] Research in At the same time, it seems hard for vendors ments defined by NMAs. The project focuses to implement automated generalisation so- on large- to medium-scale generalisation, automated lutions in commercial software. Since na- since in this range more complexities are ex- generalisation of tional mapping agencies (NMAs) would ben- pected than in the smaller scales. It is impor- efit significantly from automated solutions, tant to note that the project does not aim to topographic data EuroSDR (European Spatial Data Research) publish details of the quality of individual embarked on a research into the state of the systems or rank the software tested. This is a (where small-scale art of automated generalisation imple- research project where the explicit aim is to maps are mented in commercial software. Within address what the industry proposes and of- EuroSDR, NMAs, research institutes and pri- fers in terms of automated generalisation, automatically vate industry work together on research and how this can be used by NMAs and by projects of common interest. research institutes to define future research derived from a directions. large-scale dataset) The project team in this instance (led by the author) consists of six NMAs, namely KMS Test Cases has resulted in (Denmark), ICC (Catalonia), IGN (France), A list of known complexities for map gener- IGN (Spain), OS (Great Britain) and Kadaster alisation related to specific feature classes many promising (the Netherlands), and three research insti- was generated. Based on this list, four test results. tutes, namely the University of Hannover cases were selected in such a way as to en- (Germany), the University of Zurich sure the inclusion of all interesting generali- (Switzerland) and ITC. The project started in sation situations (see Table 1). November 2006 and the final report is ex- pected by the end of 2008. This article de- Figure 1 shows the test cases of the project. scribes the project set-up and reports on progress so far. Software Tested It was decided to test commercial software Scope of the Project systems that were available in June 2007. The main objective of the project is to study Based on the defined case studies and the how commercially available software can project conditions, vendors were invited to Table 1 Test cases selected produce a map according to map require- participate in the project. Four vendors for the EuroSDR project Number of Type of area Source dataset Target dataset Provided by Main layers input layers Buildings, roads, Urban area 1:1250 1:25k OS Great Britain 37 river, relief, … Mountainous area 1:10k 1:50k IGN France 23 Village, river, land use Small town, land use, Rural area 1:10k 1:50k Kadaster 29 planar partition Village, land use (not mosaic), Coastal area 1:25k 1:50k ICC Catalonia 74 hydrography 2 ITC News 2008-2 MAIN FEATURES ICC starting dataset (1:25k) OSGB starting dataset (1:1250) IGN France starting dataset (1:10k) Kadaster starting dataset (1:10k) Figure 1 Source datasets in the EuroSDR generalisation project (maps reduced in size) agreed to participate: ESRI (ArcGIS), 1Spatial enables a user to succeed in a given task (Clarity), Axes Systems (Genesys) and the such as exploring, route finding, observing. University of Hannover (Change, Push, The difficulty is to specify these types of re- Typify). quirements into such a format and knowl- edge level that they can steer the automated Defining Map Requirements generalisation process. For the project, map How to define map requirements in a way requirements were defined as a list of con- that can be unambiguously understood by straints by the four NMAs. Constraints are testers was the next challenge. This is impor- conditions expressing what the generalisa- tant since it should be perfectly clear what a tion output should look like without ad- tester should express in the tested system. dressing how this result should be reached Specifying map requirements for the gener- by describing the sequences of generalisa- alisation of topographic maps is not straight- tion operations (such as aggregation, simpli- forward. In general terms, expectations for a fication) to be applied. satisfying generalisation solution (e.g. reduc- ing the details to discern regional patterns) To have a uniform way of expressing con- can be defined as follows: a map that re- straints, the project team developed a tem- veals or conceals information inherent plate to define the constraints for the four among a set of abstracted data; a map that test cases. The template distinguishes be- ITC News 2008-2 3 MAIN FEATURES tween constraints on one object (e.g. mini- human interpretation. When specifying the mal area of a building), on two objects (e.g. project constraints, the impossibility of for- minimal distance between road and build- malising all cartographers’ interpretations ing), and on a group of objects (e.g. the (e.g. interpretation needed to handle the building pattern should be similar to that in constraint “the generic characteristics of the the input data). terrain should be kept”) was realised. In other cases, it was realised that we might The NMAs in the EuroSDR project studied need better, more detailed specifications their current specifications and processes in than the available map specifications meant order to specify their map requirements in a to be interpreted by humans. This project set of constraints. Well-defined requirements will give insight into those aspects. were not directly available since none of the NMAs has implemented automated generali- Test Process sation. At NMAs, requirements are available The tests were performed on commercially in documents (i.e. specifications), software available out-of-the-box versions by project code or even in human minds. These re- team members from June 2007 till March quirements are available only at the human 2008. Every system was tested two or three knowledge level since they are meant to be times on four datasets.
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