Ploughshare Tortoise Or Angonoka (Astrochelys Yniphora)

Ploughshare Tortoise or Angonoka (Astrochelys yniphora)

Association of Zoos and Aquariums North American Regional Studbook

Second Edition

Current to Date: July 4th, 2016

Studbook Keeper:

Paul M. Gibbons, DVM, MS, Dipl. ABVP (Reptiles and Amphibians) [email protected] (212) 353-5060

Published by:

The Turtle Conservancy 1696 McNell Rd, Ojai, California 93023 49 Bleecker St., Suite 601, New York, New York 10012

Cover Photo The cover photo, taken in January 2012 by Eric Goode, President of the Turtle Conservancy, is a founder male Angonoka (Astrochelys yniphora) at the conservation breeding center in Ampijoroa, Madagascar. This program produced captive offspring that were reintroduced in 2006.

Acknowledgements I thank all of the registrars, collection managers, curators, herpetology department staff, biologists, and private individuals who graciously provided the information used to construct this studbook. I thank the Association of Zoos and Aquariums for participating in the conservation of endangered species, and training a veritable army of studbook keepers to organize the available data describing captive populations. The studbook is a tool that can be used to inform activities directed toward protecting species from extinction. I thank the Chelonian Advisory Group of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums for offering me an opportunity to serve as Keeper of this studbook. The Angonoka ranks as a top priority for conservation and I am honored to tender this small contribution. I also thank The Turtle Conservancy for fully supporting my participation in this endeavor.

Table of Contents

Section ______Page Number

I. Introduction ...... 5

II. Living population ...... 7

III. Historical population ...... 17

IV. Historical and current institutions ...... 29

V. Studbook disclaimer ...... 30

VI. Data field descriptions ...... 31

VII. Data conventions and abbreviations ...... 33

Introduction The Ploughshare Tortoise or Angonoka (Astrochelys yniphora) is one of the most endangered reptiles, with a rapidly declining wild population of only a few hundred mature animals remaining. Its natural range is restricted to a few dozen square kilometers of fragmented dry forest and bamboo habitat in the remote coastal region of northwestern Madagascar surrounding Baly Bay where local communities are extremely poor and the tortoise is under intense pressure from poaching for the exotic animal trade. It is Critically Endangered and listed on CITES Appendix I, so all international trade for commercial purposes is illegal. It is listed on the United States Endangered Species Act, and all transactions are overseen by the US Fish and Wildlife Service Division of Management Authority. The IUCN Red List Assessment estimates that poaching of just three adult tortoises every two years would be sufficient to drive the species to extinction and the number being confiscated from smugglers every year far exceeds this. Directed conservation efforts have been underway for over 28 years. Baly Bay National Park was established in 1998 and provides a level of protection for the entire known range of the species. Recovery including population reassessments, comprehensive field research, and community relations that include employment of Forest Guardians have not been sufficient and a population assessment in early 2016 found that most of the tortoises that had been present for many years had now disappeared. Radio transmitters were found lying on the ground, with marks from the blade that had been used to remove them. Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust has had a successful captive breeding program in Madagascar since 1986. This program was expanded to a reintroduction program in 2006. Several dozen tortoises have now been hatched in the wild from captive-born tortoises that were released over the past decade. However, the release site is now subject to poaching even in the face of armed guards. It has now become critical to establish multiple assurance colonies within and outside of Madagascar to reduce the risk of extinction due to poaching and theft. Recovery of the species will require not only in situ work to protect and restore natural habitat, but also conservation breeding in assurance colonies and for reintroduction sometime in the future after the threats have been reduced or eliminated. The people who live in the Baly Bay region earn less than USD $2/day, so Ploughshare Tortoises are essentially equivalent to gold bricks lying on the ground for people to pick up and sell. The program to inscribe an indelible, visible identification mark on every living Ploughshare Tortoise tortoise was implemented and more than 60 wild tortoises were inscribed. Inscribed adult animals started showing up in the illegal animal trade in December of 2015 and several have now been identified via social media photograph postings in Madagascar and Indonesia. The inscriptions did not seem to prevent entry of tortoises into the markets, but may be useful to

5 prosecute those who are in possession of this stolen property. International education efforts are underway, particularly in airports along the trade routes to teach people about the punishment for illegal animal trafficking and the ecosystem effects of harvesting Ploughshare Tortoises. Some confiscated tortoises have been repatriated to Madagascar for inclusion in conservation breeding programs. On occasion confiscated tortoises have been made available for institutional species survival programs outside of Madagascar. Participants in the international breeding program include a number of qualified zoos and individuals who also participate in in situ conservation. The first edition of the International Studbook was published in April, 2016 with data from the captive breeding program in Madagascar and around the world. The first captive hatching of a Ploughshare Tortoise since 1983 occurred in Japan on March 8, 2016, and it is reported that this offspring was produced from mating that occurred in captivity. The goal of this Studbook is to establish a set of populations of A. yniphora in captivity outside of Madagascar to serve as a last line of defense against extinction and to provide genetic variability for the in-country breeding program. It is of great concern that breeding attempts with the only male in the North American Regional Studbook have been unsuccessful even though the two females with which he has copulated are both laying one to three clutches per year. The absence of sperm immediately after copulation and on the shell membranes of eggs that have been tested leads one to the conclusion that this male is not reproductively sound. Captive studies or research on captive animals (e.g., incubation biology and reproductive physiology) may well contribute valuable information for the conservation of the species.

Ploughshare Tortoises Held in North American Institutions as of 4 July 2016 Listed by Institution in Alphabetical Order Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. ATLANTA - Zoo Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA Not +/- 2 20 12/1/2005 +/- 2 Years WILD37 WILD38 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2009 Contracepted Months +/- 2 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2009 Months Return From AFCD UNK 2/23/2010 +/- 1 Year LTF Transfer KADOORIE 047068636 2/23/2010 None

Transfer TSA ASYN8 3/14/2012 None

Transfer ATLANTA 12R008 3/14/2012 None

Not +/- 2 22 12/1/2005 +/- 2 Years WILD41 WILD42 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Contracepted Months +/- 2 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Months Return From AFCD UNK 2/23/2010 +/- 1 Year LTF Transfer KADOORIE 010292052 2/23/2010 +/- 1 Year

Transfer TSA ASYN2 3/14/2012 None

Transfer ATLANTA 12R002 3/14/2012 None

Totals: 0.0.2 (2) HONOLULU - Honolulu Zoo, Honolulu, HI, USA +/- 4 1 12/1/1940 +/- 9 Years WILD1 WILD2 Female Neutered/Sterile Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 4/1/1971 Months Transfer HONOLULU 850068 4/1/1971 None

Totals: 0.1.0 (1) KNOXVILLE - Knoxville Zoological Gardens, Knoxville, TN, USA

Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. Not +/- 2 24 12/1/2005 +/- 2 Years WILD45 WILD46 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Contracepted Months +/- 2 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Months Return From AFCD UNK 2/23/2010 +/- 1 Year LTF Transfer KADOORIE 046799077 2/23/2010 +/- 1 Year

Transfer TSA ASYN3 3/14/2012 None

Transfer KNOXVILLE 4471 3/28/2012 None

Not +/- 2 25 12/1/2005 +/- 2 Years WILD47 WILD48 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Contracepted Months +/- 2 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Months Return From AFCD UNK 2/23/2010 +/- 1 Year LTF Transfer KADOORIE 047628062 2/23/2010 +/- 1 Year

Transfer TSA ASYN4 3/14/2012 None

Go LTF TSA ASYN4 3/14/2012 None

Return From TSA SYN4 3/28/2012 None LTF Transfer KNOXVILLE 4472 3/28/2012 None

Not +/- 2 26 12/1/2005 +/- 2 Years WILD49 WILD50 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Contracepted Months +/- 2 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Months Return From AFCD UNK 2/23/2010 +/- 1 Year LTF Transfer KADOORIE 046832781 2/23/2010 +/- 1 Year

Transfer TSA ASYN5 3/14/2012 None

Transfer KNOXVILLE 4473 3/28/2012 None

Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. Not +/- 2 27 12/1/2005 +/- 2 Years WILD51 WILD52 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Contracepted Months +/- 2 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Months Return From AFCD UNK 2/23/2010 +/- 1 Year LTF Transfer KADOORIE 046891343 2/23/2010 +/- 1 Year

Transfer TSA ASYN7 3/14/2012 None

Transfer KNOXVILLE 4474 3/28/2012 None

Totals: 0.0.4 (4) OJAI - John L. Behler Chelonian, Ojai, CA, USA Not +/- 4 2 12/1/1940 +/- 9 Years WILD3 WILD4 Male Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/1973 Contracepted Months +/- 2 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/1973 Months Return From +/- 2 MALAGASY NONE 4/1/1973 LTF Months +/- 4 Transfer ANIMALES UNK 4/1/1973 Months Transfer SAN ANTON 730743 7/10/1973 None

Transfer HONOLULU UNK 2/18/1976 None

Transfer ZOVICKIAN NONE 3/15/1977 None

Go LTF ZOVICKIAN NONE 3/16/1977 None

Return From ZOVICKIAN NONE 12/31/1983 None LTF Transfer STCATHERN 810434 12/31/1983 None

Transfer ZOVICKIAN NONE 6/17/1999 None

Go LTF ZOVICKIAN NONE 6/17/1999 None

Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. Return From ZOVICKIAN NONE 5/11/2011 None LTF Transfer SAN ANTON 730743 5/11/2011 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP013 9/22/2011 None

Not +/- 4 10 12/1/1984 +/- 5 Years WILD17 WILD18 Female Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2008 Contracepted Months +/- 4 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2008 Months Return From +/- 4 PINGTUNG UNK 4/1/2008 LTF Months Transfer OJAI YNIP001 10/29/2010 None

Not +/- 4 11 12/1/2004 +/- 2 Years WILD19 WILD20 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2008 Contracepted Months +/- 4 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2008 Months Return From +/- 4 PINGTUNG UNK 4/1/2008 LTF Months Transfer OJAI YNIP002 10/29/2010 None

Not +/- 4 12 12/1/1975 +/- 5 Years WILD21 WILD22 Female Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2009 Contracepted Months +/- 4 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2009 Months Return From AFCD 196/2009 6/10/2009 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K3135 6/10/2009 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP003 6/3/2011 None

Not 13 12/1/2004 +/- 1 Year WILD23 WILD24 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 +/- 1 Month Contracepted Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 +/- 1 Month

Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. Return From AFCD 58/2010a 2/23/2010 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K3962 2/23/2010 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP005 6/3/2011 None

Not +/- 2 14 12/1/2004 +/- 1 Year WILD25 WILD26 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Contracepted Months +/- 2 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Months Return From AFCD 58/2010b 2/23/2010 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K3963 2/23/2010 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP006 6/3/2011 None

Not +/- 2 15 12/1/2004 +/- 1 Year WILD27 WILD28 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Contracepted Months +/- 2 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Months Return From AFCD 58/2010c 2/23/2010 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K3964 2/23/2010 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP007 6/3/2011 None

Not +/- 2 16 12/1/2004 +/- 1 Year WILD29 WILD30 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Contracepted Months +/- 2 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Months Return From AFCD 58/2010e 2/23/2010 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K3965 2/23/2010 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP008 6/3/2011 None

Not +/- 2 17 12/1/2004 +/- 1 Year WILD31 WILD32 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Contracepted Months

Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. +/- 2 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Months Return From AFCD 58/2010f 2/23/2010 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K3966 2/23/2010 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP009 6/3/2011 None

Not +/- 2 18 12/1/2004 +/- 1 Year WILD33 WILD34 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Contracepted Months +/- 2 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Months Return From AFCD 58/2010g 2/23/2010 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K3968 2/23/2010 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP011 6/3/2010 None

Not 19 12/1/2004 +/- 1 Year WILD35 WILD36 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2004 +/- 1 Year Contracepted Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2005 +/- 1 Year

Return From AFCD 58/2010h 2/23/2010 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K3969 2/23/2010 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP012 6/3/2011 None

Not +/- 3 29 12/1/2011 +/- 6 Months WILD55 WILD56 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Contracepted Months +/- 3 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Months Return From AFCD ESP171a 2/14/2014 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K6619 6/26/2014 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP014 5/13/2015 None

Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. Not +/- 3 30 12/1/2011 +/- 6 Months WILD57 WILD58 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Contracepted Months +/- 3 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Months Return From AFCD ESP171b 2/14/2014 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K6620 6/26/2014 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP015 5/13/2015 None

Not +/- 3 31 12/1/2009 +/- 6 Months WILD59 WILD60 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Contracepted Months +/- 3 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Months Return From AFCD ESP171c 2/14/2014 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K6621 6/26/2014 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP016 5/13/2015 None

Not +/- 3 32 12/1/2011 +/- 6 Months WILD61 WILD62 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Contracepted Months +/- 3 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Months Return From AFCD ESP171d 2/14/2014 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K6622 6/26/2014 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP017 5/13/2015 None

Not +/- 3 33 12/1/2012 +/- 6 Months WILD63 WILD64 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Contracepted Months +/- 6 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Months Return From AFCD ESP 171e 2/14/2014 None LTF

Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. Transfer KADOORIE K6623 6/26/2014 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP018 5/13/2015 None

Not +/- 3 34 12/1/2010 +/- 6 Months WILD65 WILD66 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Contracepted Months +/- 3 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Months Return From AFCD ESP171f 2/14/2014 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K6624 6/26/2014 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP019 5/13/2015 None

Not +/- 3 35 12/1/2011 +/- 6 Months WILD67 WILD68 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Contracepted Months +/- 3 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Months Return From AFCD ESP 171g 2/14/2014 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K6625 6/26/2014 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP020 5/13/2015 None

Not +/- 3 36 12/1/2010 +/- 6 Months WILD69 WILD70 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Contracepted Months +/- 6 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Months Return From AFCD ESP171h 2/14/2014 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K6626 6/26/2014 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP021 5/13/2015 None

Not +/- 3 37 12/1/2010 +/- 6 Months WILD71 WILD72 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Contracepted Months +/- 3 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Months

Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. Return From AFCD ESP 171i 2/14/2014 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K6627 6/26/2014 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP022 5/13/2015 None

Not +/- 3 38 12/1/2010 +/- 6 Months WILD73 WILD74 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Contracepted Months +/- 3 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Months Return From AFCD ESP 171j 2/14/2014 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K6628 6/26/2014 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP023 5/13/2015 None

Totals: 1.2.18 (21) OKLAHOMA - Oklahoma City Zoological Park, Oklahoma City, OK, USA Not +/- 2 21 12/1/2005 +/- 2 Years WILD39 WILD40 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Contracepted Months +/- 2 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Months Return From AFCD UNK 2/23/2010 +/- 1 Year LTF Transfer KADOORIE 046795889 2/23/2010 +/- 1 Year

Transfer TSA ASYN6 3/14/2012 None

Transfer ATLANTA 12R006 3/14/2012 None

Transfer OKLAHOMA 768002 1/28/2016 None

Not +/- 2 23 12/1/2005 +/- 2 Years WILD43 WILD44 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Contracepted Months +/- 2 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Months Return From AFCD UNK 2/23/2010 +/- 1 Year LTF

Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. Transfer KADOORIE 047006632 2/23/2010 None

Transfer TSA ASYN1 3/14/2012 None

Transfer ATLANTA 12R001 3/14/2012 None

Transfer OKLAHOMA 768001 1/28/2016 None

Totals: 0.0.2 (2) TOTALS: 1.3.26 (30)

History of Ploughshare Tortoises Held in North American Institutions up to 04 July 2016 Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. +/- 4 1 12/1/1940 +/- 9 Years WILD1 WILD2 Female Neutered/Sterile Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 4/1/1971 Months Transfer HONOLULU 850068 4/1/1971 None

Not +/- 4 2 12/1/1940 +/- 9 Years WILD3 WILD4 Male Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/1973 Contracepted Months +/- 2 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/1973 Months Return From +/- 2 MALAGASY NONE 4/1/1973 LTF Months +/- 4 Transfer ANIMALES UNK 4/1/1973 Months Transfer SAN ANTON 730743 7/10/1973 None

Transfer HONOLULU UNK 2/18/1976 None

Transfer ZOVICKIAN NONE 3/15/1977 None

Go LTF ZOVICKIAN NONE 3/16/1977 None

Return From ZOVICKIAN NONE 12/31/1983 None LTF Transfer STCATHERN 810434 12/31/1983 None

Transfer ZOVICKIAN NONE 6/17/1999 None

Go LTF ZOVICKIAN NONE 6/17/1999 None

Return From ZOVICKIAN NONE 5/11/2011 None LTF Transfer SAN ANTON 730743 5/11/2011 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP013 9/22/2011 None

Not +/- 4 3 12/1/1940 +/- 9 Years WILD5 WILD6 Female Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/1973 Contracepted Months +/- 4 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/2/1973 Months

Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. Return From +/- 4 MALAGASY NONE 3/31/1973 LTF Months +/- 4 Transfer ANIMALES UNK 4/1/1973 Months +/- 4 Go LTF ANIMALES UNK 4/2/1973 Months Return From ANIMALES UNK 7/9/1973 None LTF Transfer SAN ANTON 730744 7/10/1973 None

Transfer HONOLULU UNK 2/18/1976 None

Transfer STCATHERN 850057 3/26/1985 None

Death STCATHERN NHX 10/8/1996 None

Not 4 12/1/1940 +/- 9 Years WILD7 WILD8 Female Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/1973 +/- 9 Years Contracepted Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/2/1973 +/- 9 Years

Return From STCATHERN 850058 3/26/1985 None LTF Transfer STCATHERN 850058 3/26/1985 None

Transfer NY BRONX 850058 1/1/1993 None

Go LTF NY BRONX 850058 1/1/1993 None

Not 5 12/1/1940 +/- 9 Years WILD9 WILD10 Male Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 4/1/1971 +/- 9 Years Contracepted Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 4/1/1971 +/- 9 Years

Return From MALAGASY NONE 8/1/1982 +/- 9 Years LTF "Honolulu's Transfer HONOLULU 9/1/1982 +/- 9 Years male" "Honolulu's Go LTF HONOLULU 9/1/1983 +/- 9 Years male"

Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. Not 6 9/16/1983 None 5 MULT1 Male Hatch HONOLULU 850067 9/16/1983 None Contracepted Death HONOLULU FCGB 5/26/1995 None

Not 7 12/1/1970 +/- 9 Years WILD11 WILD12 Male Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/1990 +/- 9 Years Contracepted Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/1990 +/- 9 Years

Return From MALAGASY NONE 12/15/1990 None LTF Transfer JERSEY R446 12/16/1990 None

Transfer STCATHERN 910230 7/29/1991 None

Death STCATHERN FBA 4/12/1999 None

Not +/- 4 8 12/1/1991 +/- 2 Years WILD13 WILD14 Female Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/1998 Contracepted Months +/- 4 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/1998 Months Return From USFWS UNK 10/1/1998 None LTF Transfer LOSANGELE 985384 10/1/1998 None

Transfer ZOVICKIAN NONE 4/28/2003 None

Return From ZOVICKIAN NONE 9/22/2003 None LTF Death ZOVICKIAN FCGB 9/22/2003 None

Not +/- 4 9 12/1/1991 +/- 2 Years WILD15 WILD16 Female Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/1998 Contracepted Months +/- 4 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/1998 Months Return From USFWS UNK 10/1/1998 None LTF Transfer LOSANGELE 985383 10/1/1998 None

Transfer ZOVICKIAN NONE 4/28/2003 None

Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. Go LTF ZOVICKIAN NONE 4/28/2003 None

Return From ZOVICKIAN NONE 4/24/2005 None LTF Death ZOVICKIAN FHA 4/24/2005 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP003 6/3/2011 None

Not +/- 1 13 12/1/2004 +/- 1 Year WILD23 WILD24 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Contracepted Month +/- 1 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Month

Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. Return From AFCD 58/2010a 2/23/2010 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K3962 2/23/2010 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP005 6/3/2011 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP006 6/3/2011 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP007 6/3/2011 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP008 6/3/2011 None

Not +/- 2 17 12/1/2004 +/- 1 Year WILD31 WILD32 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Contracepted Months

Transfer OJAI YNIP009 6/3/2011 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP011 6/3/2010 None

Not 19 12/1/2004 +/- 1 Year WILD35 WILD36 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2004 +/- 1 Year Contracepted Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2005 +/- 1 Year

Return From AFCD 58/2010h 2/23/2010 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K3969 2/23/2010 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP012 6/3/2011 None

Not +/- 2 20 12/1/2005 +/- 2 Years WILD37 WILD38 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2009 Contracepted Months +/- 2 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2009 Months Return From AFCD UNK 2/23/2010 +/- 1 Year LTF Transfer KADOORIE 047068636 2/23/2010 None

Transfer TSA ASYN8 3/14/2012 None

Transfer ATLANTA 12R008 3/14/2012 None

Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. Not +/- 2 21 12/1/2005 +/- 2 Years WILD39 WILD40 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Contracepted Months +/- 2 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2010 Months Return From AFCD UNK 2/23/2010 +/- 1 Year LTF Transfer KADOORIE 046795889 2/23/2010 +/- 1 Year

Transfer TSA ASYN6 3/14/2012 None

Transfer ATLANTA 12R006 3/14/2012 None

Transfer OKLAHOMA 768002 1/28/2016 None

Transfer TSA ASYN2 3/14/2012 None

Transfer ATLANTA 12R002 3/14/2012 None

Transfer TSA ASYN1 3/14/2012 None

Transfer ATLANTA 12R001 3/14/2012 None

Transfer OKLAHOMA 768001 1/28/2016 None

Transfer TSA ASYN3 3/14/2012 None

Transfer KNOXVILLE 4471 3/28/2012 None

Transfer TSA ASYN4 3/14/2012 None

Go LTF TSA ASYN4 3/14/2012 None

Return From TSA SYN4 3/28/2012 None LTF Transfer KNOXVILLE 4472 3/28/2012 None

Transfer TSA ASYN5 3/14/2012 None

Transfer KNOXVILLE 4473 3/28/2012 None

Transfer TSA ASYN7 3/14/2012 None

Transfer KNOXVILLE 4474 3/28/2012 None

Not +/- 6 28 12/1/2007 +/- 2 Years WILD53 WILD54 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2008 Contracepted Months +/- 6 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 1/1/2008 Months Return From AFCD NONE 6/25/2012 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K5685 1/16/2014 None

Transfer TSA ASYN9 2/21/2014 None

Transfer ATLANTA 14R007 2/21/2014 None

Death ATLANTA HHN 9/27/2015 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP014 5/13/2015 None

Not +/- 3 30 12/1/2011 +/- 6 Months WILD57 WILD58 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Contracepted Months

Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. +/- 3 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Months Return From AFCD ESP171b 2/14/2014 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K6620 6/26/2014 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP015 5/13/2015 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP016 5/13/2015 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP017 5/13/2015 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP018 5/13/2015 None

Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. Not +/- 3 34 12/1/2010 +/- 6 Months WILD65 WILD66 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Contracepted Months +/- 3 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Months Return From AFCD ESP171f 2/14/2014 None LTF Transfer KADOORIE K6624 6/26/2014 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP019 5/13/2015 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP020 5/13/2015 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP021 5/13/2015 None

Not +/- 3 37 12/1/2010 +/- 6 Months WILD71 WILD72 Unknown Wild Capture MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Contracepted Months +/- 3 Go LTF MALAGASY NONE 12/1/2013 Months Return From AFCD ESP 171i 2/14/2014 None LTF

Studbook Hatch Hatch Date Sire Dam Sex Reproductive Event Location Local ID Date Date Est. ID Date Est. Transfer KADOORIE K6627 6/26/2014 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP022 5/13/2015 None

Transfer OJAI YNIP023 5/13/2015 None

TOTALS: 4.7.27 (38)

Historic and Current Institutions Mail Mnemonic Name Address City State Country Phone Fax Email Code 303 Cheung Agriculture, Fisheries Hong AFCD Sha Wan Kowloon Hong Kong +852.2708.8885 & Conserv Dept Kong Road Vivo Animales (extinct ANIMALES Lorena TX USA 1971) Durrell Wildlife Les Augres Trinity, Channel United JE3 44 1534 JERSEY 44 1534 8600 75 [email protected] Conservation Trust Manor Jersey Islands Kingdom 5BP 8600 01 Lam Kam Hong Kadoorie Farm & Tai Po, 852 2483 KADOORIE Road, Lam Kong China 852 2488 7124 [email protected] Botanic Garden NT 1877 Tsuen SAR Los Angeles Zoo & Los LOSANGELE 5333 Zoo Dr. CA USA 90027 323 644-4266 [email protected] Botanical Gardens Angeles MALAGASY EAST African MALAGASY REPUBLIC AFRICA Region 2300 Bronx Zoo/Wildlife 10460- (718)220- NY BRONX Southern Bronx NY USA 718.220.8711 [email protected] Conservat'n Society 1099 7114 Blvd. FAR PINGTUNG PINGTUNG Taiwan EASTERN

ASIA San Antonio Zoological 3903 N. St. San 78212- 210.734.7184 (210)734- zooregistrar@sazoo- SAN ANTON TX USA Gardens & Aquar Mary's Street Antonio 3199 x1301 7291 aq.org St. Catherines 182 Camellia 31320- (912)884- STCATHERN Island/WCS (ext Midway GA USA (912)884-5005 [email protected] Road 9801 5007 Nov2005 IUCN/Turtle Survival c/o Fort Fort TSA TX USA 76110 Alliance Worth Zoo Worth US Fish and Wildlife USFWS USA Service[General] 22 windy ZOVICKIAN William Zovickian Sharon CT USA 06069 Ridge Road

AZA Regional Studbook Disclaimer

Copyright January 12, 2017 by The Turtle Conservancy. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in hard copy, machine- readable or other forms without advance written permission from the The Turtle Conservancy. Members of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) may copy this information for their own use as needed.

The information contained in this studbook has been obtained from numerous sources believed to be reliable. AZA and The Turtle Conservancy make a diligent effort to provide a complete and accurate representation of the data in its reports, publications, and services. However, AZA and The Turtle Conservancy do not guarantee the accuracy, adequacy, or completeness of any information. AZA and The Turtle Conservancy make no warranties or representations of any kind, express or implied, including but not limited to warranties of merchantability of fitness for particular purpose. AZA and The Turtle Conservancy disclaim all liability for errors or omissions that may exist and shall not be liable for any incidental, consequential, or other damages (whether resulting from negligence or otherwise) including, without limitation, exemplary damages or lost profits arising out of or in connection with the use of this publication.

Because the technical information provided in the studbook can easily be misread or misinterpreted unless properly analyzed, AZA and The Turtle Conservancy strongly recommend that users of this information consult with the Studbook Keeper in all matters related to data analysis and interpretation.

Data Field Descriptions Studbook ID–unique number assigned to each individual in the studbook. The studbook number is a permanent number. Birth Date–This field indicates the date of an animal’s birth. There is a birth date for every individual. Please check the next column “Birth Date Est.” to judge the accuracy of that date. Birth Date Est.–Indicated if the Birth Date field is an estimate. None = No estimation Day = The day is estimated Month = The month is estimated Year = The actual birth date is within the year of the Birth Date field Sire/Dam– Numbers indicate the Studbook ID of the parents of the zoo born animals WILD indicates that an animal was wild caught and its parents are unknown wild individuals UNK indicates that the animal was zoo-born but identification of the parents is not known MULT indicates that there are several possible parents in zoos, but the specific one could not be determined. A parental assumptions note in the Specimen Notes field is included with this parental designation to indicate which animals could be the potential parent. Sex–male, female, unknown Event–This field documents the movements of individual animals from the first location to the current or last known location. This includes Birth/Hatch, Transfer, Death, Go LTF (Lost to Follow up), Return from LTF, and Release. UNKNOWN indicates that the animal exists or existed, but its location cannot be reliably confirmed. Location–This field indicates the location where the event took place. Local ID–This is the number assigned by the institution in which the event took place. UNKNOWN indicates that either an ID was not assigned or no information exists to indicate that an ID was assigned. Date–This field documents the date that events occurred. Each event has a date associated with it. Also, check the adjacent column (Date Est.) to determine the accuracy of this date. Date Est.–Indicates if the adjacent Date field is an estimate. None = No estimation Day = The day is estimated Month = The month is estimated Year = The actual date is within the year of the Event Date field

House Name–This field indicates the name given to the animal at a specific location. Individuals may be given a different house name each time they move to a different location.

Data Conventions 1) MULT1 = Dams SB# 3 and 4; The best reference to the actual dam is in the specimen report for HONOLULU/850067 where it states the Dam is "San Antonio's #4 female" in the notes on Sept 16, 1983.

2) SB# 5 is a "phantom" Sire because there is no institutional record of this animal other than the reference to it in the specimen report for HONOLULU/850067 where it states the Sire is "Honolulu's male" in the notes on Sept 16, 1983.

3) Wild caught birthdates are assumed to be December 1st because most of the hatching occurs in the early part of the rainy season around Baly Bay, Madagascar.