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North Saskatchewan River Drainage, Fish Sustainability Index Data Gaps Project, 2016

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North Saskatchewan River Drainage, Fish Sustainability Index Data Gaps Project, 2016 North Saskatchewan River Drainage, Fish Sustainability Index Data Gaps Project, 2016 The Alberta Conservation Association is a Delegated Administrative Organization under Alberta’s Wildlife Act. North Saskatchewan River Drainage, Fish Sustainability Index Data Gaps Project, 2016 Chad Judd, Mike Rodtka and Andrew Clough Alberta Conservation Association 101 –- 9 Chippewa Road Sherwood Park, Alberta, Canada T8A 6J7 Report Editors PETER AKU KELLEY KISSNER Alberta Conservation Association 50 Tuscany Meadows Cr. NW 101 – 9 Chippewa Rd. Calgary, AB T3L 2T9 Sherwood Park, AB T8A 6J7 Conservation Report Series Type Data ISBN: 978-0-9949118-6-5 Disclaimer: This document is an independent report prepared by Alberta Conservation Association. The authors are solely responsible for the interpretations of data and statements made within this report. Reproduction and Availability: This report and its contents may be reproduced in whole, or in part, provided that this title page is included with such reproduction and/or appropriate acknowledgements are provided to the authors and sponsors of this project. Suggested Citation: Judd, C., M. Rodtka, and A. Clough. 2017. North Saskatchewan River Drainage, Fish Sustainability Index Data Gaps Project, 2016. Data Report, produced by Alberta Conservation Association, Rocky Mountain House, Alberta, Canada. 20 pp. + App. Cover photo credit: David Fairless Digital copies of conservation reports can be obtained from: Alberta Conservation Association 101 – 9 Chippewa Rd. Sherwood Park, AB T8A 6J7 Toll Free: 1-877-969-9091 Tel: (780) 410-1998 Fax: (780) 464-0990 Email: [email protected] Website: www.ab-conservation.com i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Fishery inventories provide resource managers with information on fish abundance, species distribution and fish habitat. This information is a key component of responsible land-use planning. Alberta Environment and Park’s Fish Sustainability Index (FSI), a standardized process of assessment, provides the framework within which future fishery inventories must occur for greatest relevance to government managers and planners. Bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) are particularly sensitive to habitat change and classed as Threatened in Alberta (Saskatchewan – Nelson rivers populations). Our objective was to describe bull trout, mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni) and burbot (Lota lota) distribution and abundance in the headwaters of the North Saskatchewan River watershed to address FSI data deficiencies. Focal areas for inventory in 2016 were identified in consultation with project partners and included Elk River, Rifle Creek and Crow Creek. From June 15 to August 17, we visited 41 sites randomly distributed throughout the five hierarchical unit code (HUC 10) watersheds identified as priority areas. We sampled 40 sites using backpack and tote-barge electrofishing gear. We captured 38 bull trout, 27 mountain whitefish and 56 burbot. Bull trout were detected at 10 sites in both the Upper Elk River HUC and Middle Elk River HUC. Immature bull trout were predominantly found at one site on a tributary to the Elk River, indicating the importance of this stream as spawning and rearing habitat for bull trout. Mountain whitefish and burbot were the only other sport fish caught in these HUC 10s. White sucker (Catostomus commersonii) dominated our catch (n = 1,296), was detected in every HUC, and was the most widely distributed species overall (detected at 30 sites). We monitored stream temperature (every hour) at eight stations in these HUC 10s to assess thermal suitability for bull trout. Stream temperature monitoring of the Elk River area indicated the headwaters provided suitable thermal habitat for bull trout in the summer of 2016. Our study provides current information on stream habitats and on the abundance and distribution of FSI priority species within the Elk River and surrounding tributaries. This information is useful to land managers when attempting to balance the diverse values of the land base upon which they operate and critical for the conservation of native fish species particularly sensitive to habitat degradation, such as bull trout. Key words: Alberta, North Saskatchewan River watershed, Fish Sustainability Index, FSI, bull trout, mountain whitefish, burbot, distribution, abundance. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We thank Jessica Reilly, Jason Cooper, Steve Herman, Rocky Konynenbelt and John Tchir of Alberta Environment and Parks for their assistance with project design and development. Alberta Conservation Association employee Zachary Spence assisted with collecting and summarizing data. We greatly appreciate the financial support of Hinton Wood Products, a division of West Fraser Mills Ltd., as well as employee Laura Trout’s assistance with funding and study design considerations. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ....................................................................................................................... iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................... iv LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................................... v LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................................... vi LIST OF APPENDICES ........................................................................................................................... vii 1.0 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Objectives .................................................................................................................................... 2 2.0 STUDY AREA ................................................................................................................................ 2 3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS .................................................................................................. 5 3.1 Fish distribution and abundance ............................................................................................. 5 3.2 Stream habitat measurement .................................................................................................... 6 4.0 RESULTS ........................................................................................................................................ 8 4.1 Fish distribution and abundance ............................................................................................. 8 4.2 Stream habitat measurement .................................................................................................. 14 5.0 SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................. 17 6.0 LITERATURE CITED ................................................................................................................. 19 7.0 APPENDICES .............................................................................................................................. 21 iv LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Headwaters of the North Saskatchewan River watershed and 2016 fisheries inventory watersheds. ............................................................................................................................. 3 Figure 2. Location of backpack and tote-barge electrofishing sites within each hierarchical unit code .......................................................................................................................................... 4 Figure 3. Location of stream temperature monitoring stations in the Crow, Rifle and Elk River hierarchical unit codes. ......................................................................................................... 7 Figure 4. Distribution of bull trout in the Elk River, Rifle and Crow hierarchical unit codes captured using backpack and tote-barge electrofishing gear, June 15 to August 17, 2016. ......................................................................................................................................... 9 Figure 5. Distribution of mountain whitefish in the Elk River, Rifle and Crow hierarchical unit codes captured using backpack and tote-barge electrofishing gear, June 15 to August 17, 2016. ................................................................................................................... 10 Figure 6. Distribution of burbot in the Elk River, Rifle and Crow hierarchical unit codes captured using backpack and tote-barge electrofishing gear, June 15 to August 17, 2016. ....................................................................................................................................... 11 v LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Site detections per hierarchical unit code and total catch of fish species captured using backpack and tote-barge electrofishing gear, June 15 to August 17, 2016. .................. 12 Table 2. Relative abundance of fish species detected in each hierarchical unit code using backpack and tote-barge electrofishing gear, June 15 to August 17, 2016.
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