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Metabolic Engineering of Microbial Cell Factories for Biosynthesis of Flavonoids: a Review
molecules Review Metabolic Engineering of Microbial Cell Factories for Biosynthesis of Flavonoids: A Review Hanghang Lou 1,†, Lifei Hu 2,†, Hongyun Lu 1, Tianyu Wei 1 and Qihe Chen 1,* 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; [email protected] (H.L.); [email protected] (H.L.); [email protected] (T.W.) 2 Hubei Key Lab of Quality and Safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Health Food, Huangshi 435100, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-0571-8698-4316 † These authors are equally to this manuscript. Abstract: Flavonoids belong to a class of plant secondary metabolites that have a polyphenol structure. Flavonoids show extensive biological activity, such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, anti-cancer, and antibacterial properties, so they are widely used in the food, phar- maceutical, and nutraceutical industries. However, traditional sources of flavonoids are no longer sufficient to meet current demands. In recent years, with the clarification of the biosynthetic pathway of flavonoids and the development of synthetic biology, it has become possible to use synthetic metabolic engineering methods with microorganisms as hosts to produce flavonoids. This article mainly reviews the biosynthetic pathways of flavonoids and the development of microbial expression systems for the production of flavonoids in order to provide a useful reference for further research on synthetic metabolic engineering of flavonoids. Meanwhile, the application of co-culture systems in the biosynthesis of flavonoids is emphasized in this review. Citation: Lou, H.; Hu, L.; Lu, H.; Wei, Keywords: flavonoids; metabolic engineering; co-culture system; biosynthesis; microbial cell factories T.; Chen, Q. -
Lack of Influence of Substrate on Ligand Interaction with the Human Multidrug
Downloaded from molpharm.aspetjournals.org at ASPET Journals on September 23, 2021 page 1 nd Interaction with the Human Multidrug Multidrug Human the with nd Interaction This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2006/0110428A1 De Juan Et Al
US 200601 10428A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2006/0110428A1 de Juan et al. (43) Pub. Date: May 25, 2006 (54) METHODS AND DEVICES FOR THE Publication Classification TREATMENT OF OCULAR CONDITIONS (51) Int. Cl. (76) Inventors: Eugene de Juan, LaCanada, CA (US); A6F 2/00 (2006.01) Signe E. Varner, Los Angeles, CA (52) U.S. Cl. .............................................................. 424/427 (US); Laurie R. Lawin, New Brighton, MN (US) (57) ABSTRACT Correspondence Address: Featured is a method for instilling one or more bioactive SCOTT PRIBNOW agents into ocular tissue within an eye of a patient for the Kagan Binder, PLLC treatment of an ocular condition, the method comprising Suite 200 concurrently using at least two of the following bioactive 221 Main Street North agent delivery methods (A)-(C): Stillwater, MN 55082 (US) (A) implanting a Sustained release delivery device com (21) Appl. No.: 11/175,850 prising one or more bioactive agents in a posterior region of the eye so that it delivers the one or more (22) Filed: Jul. 5, 2005 bioactive agents into the vitreous humor of the eye; (B) instilling (e.g., injecting or implanting) one or more Related U.S. Application Data bioactive agents Subretinally; and (60) Provisional application No. 60/585,236, filed on Jul. (C) instilling (e.g., injecting or delivering by ocular ion 2, 2004. Provisional application No. 60/669,701, filed tophoresis) one or more bioactive agents into the Vit on Apr. 8, 2005. reous humor of the eye. Patent Application Publication May 25, 2006 Sheet 1 of 22 US 2006/0110428A1 R 2 2 C.6 Fig. -
TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT MÜNCHEN Large Scale
TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT MÜNCHEN Lehrstuhl für Genomorientierte Bioinformatik Large Scale Knowledge Extraction from Biomedical Literature Based on Semantic Role Labeling Thorsten Barnickel Vollständiger Abdruck der von der Fakultät Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung, Landnutzung und Umwelt der Technischen Universität München zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften genehmigten Dissertation. Vorsitzende: Univ.‐Prof. Dr. I. Antes Prüfer der Dissertation: 1. Univ.‐Prof. Dr. H.‐W. Mewes 2. Univ.‐Prof. Dr. R. Zimmer (Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität München) Die Dissertation wurde am 30. Juli bei der Technischen Universität München eingereicht und durch die Fakultät Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung, Landnutzung und Umwelt am 25. November 2009 angenommen. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to express my deep gratitude to my promoter Dr. Volker Stümpflen. Without his continuing, stimulating encouragement and his excellent background in Enterprise technologies still being predominantly used in the IT-industry rather than in academic research, I would not have been able to finish my doctorate in the presented form. Facing the tremendous amount of data that was generated by gathering the positional information of millions of biomedical terms, I was close to cutting the project down to a notably smaller version compared to the text mining system presented in this thesis. Volkers knowledge on database servers and performance tuning significantly contributed to the development of a database schema finally being able to cope with the immense amount of data. I would also like to cordially thank Prof. Dr. Hans-Werner Mewes, head of the Institute for Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (IBIS), for giving me the opportunity to do my doctorate at his institute and for his friendly support and encouragement all along my time at IBIS. -
1 Termite Feeding Deterrent from Japanese Larch Wood K. Chen A, W
Termite feeding deterrent from Japanese larch wood K. Chen a, W. Ohmurab, S. Doic, M. Aoyamad* a Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People’s Republic of China b Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba 305-8687, Japan c Institute of Wood Technology, Akita Prefectural University, Noshiro 016-0876, Japan d Laboratory of Bioresource Science, Department of Applied Chemistry, Kitami Institute of Technology, Kitami 090-8507, Japan Abstract Extraction of flavonoids from Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis) wood with water was carried out to prepare a termite feeding deterrent. A two-stage procedure for the extraction was adopted. The first extraction step was performed at ambient temperature (22C) and the second at elevated temperatures ranging 50-100C. The first step mainly gave a mixture of polysaccharides together with small amount of flavonoids. At the *Corresponding author. I will move to new laboratory (kitami Institute of Technology) in January, 2004. I can not, at present, supply my facsimile number and e-mail address. They will be available at the time of proof-reading. 1 second step, the yield of extract and its chemical composition were greatly affected by the temperature. The yield of solubilised carbohydrates steadily increased with a rise in the temperature, while the overall yield of flavonoids reached its optimum at 70C. An additional increase in the temperature resulted in a decrease in the yield. Model experiments using dihydroflavonols confirmed the occurrence of oxidative dehydrogenation and/or intramolecular rearrangement during the hydrothermal treatment at higher temperatures. The crude water extracts showed strong feeding deterrent activities against the subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus, in a choice paper disc assay. -
Flavonoid Glucodiversification with Engineered Sucrose-Active Enzymes Yannick Malbert
Flavonoid glucodiversification with engineered sucrose-active enzymes Yannick Malbert To cite this version: Yannick Malbert. Flavonoid glucodiversification with engineered sucrose-active enzymes. Biotechnol- ogy. INSA de Toulouse, 2014. English. NNT : 2014ISAT0038. tel-01219406 HAL Id: tel-01219406 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01219406 Submitted on 22 Oct 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Last name: MALBERT First name: Yannick Title: Flavonoid glucodiversification with engineered sucrose-active enzymes Speciality: Ecological, Veterinary, Agronomic Sciences and Bioengineering, Field: Enzymatic and microbial engineering. Year: 2014 Number of pages: 257 Flavonoid glycosides are natural plant secondary metabolites exhibiting many physicochemical and biological properties. Glycosylation usually improves flavonoid solubility but access to flavonoid glycosides is limited by their low production levels in plants. In this thesis work, the focus was placed on the development of new glucodiversification routes of natural flavonoids by taking advantage of protein engineering. Two biochemically and structurally characterized recombinant transglucosylases, the amylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea and the α-(1→2) branching sucrase, a truncated form of the dextransucrase from L. Mesenteroides NRRL B-1299, were selected to attempt glucosylation of different flavonoids, synthesize new α-glucoside derivatives with original patterns of glucosylation and hopefully improved their water-solubility. -
Taxifolin: a Wonder Molecule in Making Multiple Drug Targets
Short Communication Annals of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutics Published: 22 Aug, 2017 Taxifolin: A Wonder Molecule in Making Multiple Drug Targets Utkarsh Raj, Imlimaong Aier and Pritish Kumar Varadwaj* Department of Bioinformatics and Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, India Keywords Taxifolin; Anti-cancerous; Anti-ebola; Anti-oxidant; Anti-inflammatory Short Communication Taxifolin (often referred to as dihydroquercetin) is a flavanonol which is a part of the phytonutrient family (a set of chemical materials that occur evidently in flora and have more than one fitness benefits however aren't taken into consideration vital to human fitness). Taxifolin has been observed in a variety of cone bearing gymnosperms, like, Pinus roxburghii [1], Cedrus deodara [1], Larix sibirica (the Russian or Siberian larch) and inside the Chinese yew, Taxus chinensis var. mairei [2]. Its presence has also been reported in silymarin extract from the milk thistle seeds and cherry wood aged vinegar [3]. The 2D structure of Taxifolin has been depicted in Figure1. Over the past 50 years, almost six hundred studies (mostly conducted in Russia) have investigated the efficacy and protection of taxifolin. The important roles of the compound Taxifolin has been elucidated in Figure 2. The main highlights of this compound are its antioxidant efficiency and vascular-defensive movement. Taxifolin has also been shown to provide benefits to cardiovascular health, the pores and skin, cognitive feature, contamination, allergic reactions and immunodeficiency, in addition to the fitness of diabetics. Amongst others, research has examined that taxifolin is a brilliant antioxidant, far more effective than dietary carotenoids and it lowers blood viscosity and improves capillary microcirculation. -
Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society
Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society Vol. 71, 2020 Isobolographic analysis of analgesic interactions of silymarin with ketamine in mice NASER A.S. Department of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq ALBADRANY Y. Department of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq SHAABAN K.A. [email protected] https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.23653 Copyright © 2020 A.S. NASER, Y. ALBADRANY, K.A. SHAABAN To cite this article: NASER, A.S., ALBADRANY, Y., & SHAABAN, K.A. (2020). Isobolographic analysis of analgesic interactions of silymarin with ketamine in mice. Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 71(2), 2171-2178. doi:https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.23653 http://epublishing.ekt.gr | e-Publisher: EKT | Downloaded at 23/09/2021 18:43:31 | J HELLENIC VET MED SOC 2020, 71(2): 2171-2178 Research article ΠΕΚΕ 2020, 71(2): 2171-2178 Ερευνητικό άρθρο Isobolographic analysis of analgesic interactions of silymarin with ketamine in mice A.S. Naser1*, Y. Albadrany2, K.A. Shaaban2 1Department of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq 2Department of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq ABSTRACT: The present study was undertaken to explore the analgesic effect of silymarin and ketamine alone or in combination in mice. Analgesia was measured by using a hot plate and the writhing test. The up-and-down method was used to determine the median effective analgesic dosages (ED50s) of silymarin and ketamine administered intraper- itoneally (ip) either alone or together. -
Chondroprotective Agents
Europaisches Patentamt J European Patent Office © Publication number: 0 633 022 A2 Office europeen des brevets EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION © Application number: 94109872.5 © Int. CI.6: A61K 31/365, A61 K 31/70 @ Date of filing: 27.06.94 © Priority: 09.07.93 JP 194182/93 Saitama 350-02 (JP) Inventor: Niimura, Koichi @ Date of publication of application: Rune Warabi 1-718, 11.01.95 Bulletin 95/02 1-17-30, Chuo Warabi-shi, 0 Designated Contracting States: Saitama 335 (JP) CH DE FR GB IT LI SE Inventor: Umekawa, Kiyonori 5-4-309, Mihama © Applicant: KUREHA CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO., Urayasu-shi, LTD. Chiba 279 (JP) 9-11, Horidome-cho, 1-chome Nihonbashi Chuo-ku © Representative: Minderop, Ralph H. Dr. rer.nat. Tokyo 103 (JP) et al Cohausz & Florack @ Inventor: Watanabe, Koju Patentanwalte 2-5-7, Tsurumai Bergiusstrasse 2 b Sakado-shi, D-30655 Hannover (DE) © Chondroprotective agents. © A chondroprotective agent comprising a flavonoid compound of the general formula (I): (I) CM < CM CM wherein R1 to R9 are, independently, a hydrogen atom, hydroxyl group, or methoxyl group and X is a single bond or a double bond, or a stereoisomer thereof, or a naturally occurring glycoside thereof is disclosed. The 00 00 above compound strongly inhibits proteoglycan depletion from the chondrocyte matrix and exhibits a function to (Q protect cartilage, and thus, is extremely effective for the treatment of arthropathy. Rank Xerox (UK) Business Services (3. 10/3.09/3.3.4) EP 0 633 022 A2 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1 . Field of the Invention 5 The present invention relates to an agent for protecting cartilage, i.e., a chondroprotective agent, more particularly, a chondroprotective agent containing a flavonoid compound or a stereoisomer thereof, or a naturally occurring glycoside thereof. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,264,917 B1 Klaveness Et Al
USOO6264,917B1 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,264,917 B1 Klaveness et al. (45) Date of Patent: Jul. 24, 2001 (54) TARGETED ULTRASOUND CONTRAST 5,733,572 3/1998 Unger et al.. AGENTS 5,780,010 7/1998 Lanza et al. 5,846,517 12/1998 Unger .................................. 424/9.52 (75) Inventors: Jo Klaveness; Pál Rongved; Dagfinn 5,849,727 12/1998 Porter et al. ......................... 514/156 Lovhaug, all of Oslo (NO) 5,910,300 6/1999 Tournier et al. .................... 424/9.34 FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS (73) Assignee: Nycomed Imaging AS, Oslo (NO) 2 145 SOS 4/1994 (CA). (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 19 626 530 1/1998 (DE). patent is extended or adjusted under 35 O 727 225 8/1996 (EP). U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. WO91/15244 10/1991 (WO). WO 93/20802 10/1993 (WO). WO 94/07539 4/1994 (WO). (21) Appl. No.: 08/958,993 WO 94/28873 12/1994 (WO). WO 94/28874 12/1994 (WO). (22) Filed: Oct. 28, 1997 WO95/03356 2/1995 (WO). WO95/03357 2/1995 (WO). Related U.S. Application Data WO95/07072 3/1995 (WO). (60) Provisional application No. 60/049.264, filed on Jun. 7, WO95/15118 6/1995 (WO). 1997, provisional application No. 60/049,265, filed on Jun. WO 96/39149 12/1996 (WO). 7, 1997, and provisional application No. 60/049.268, filed WO 96/40277 12/1996 (WO). on Jun. 7, 1997. WO 96/40285 12/1996 (WO). (30) Foreign Application Priority Data WO 96/41647 12/1996 (WO). -
Flesh Color Diversity of Sweet Potato: an Overview of the Composition, Functions, Biosynthesis, and Gene Regulation of the Major Pigments
Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany Tech Science Press DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.011979 Review Flesh Color Diversity of Sweet Potato: An Overview of the Composition, Functions, Biosynthesis, and Gene Regulation of the Major Pigments Hanna Amoanimaa-Dede, Chuntao Su, Akwasi Yeboah, Chunhua Chen, Shaoxia Yang, Hongbo Zhu* and Miao Chen* Department of Biotechnology, College of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China ÃCorresponding Authors: Hongbo Zhu. Email: [email protected]; Chen Miao. Email: [email protected] Received: 08 June 2020; Accepted: 31 July 2020 Abstract: Sweet potato is a multifunctional root crop and a source of food with many essential nutrients and bioactive compounds. Variations in the flesh color of the diverse sweet potato varieties are attributed to the different phytochemicals and natural pigments they produce. Among them, carotenoids and anthocyanins are the main pigments known for their antioxidant properties which provide a host of health benefits, hence, regarded as a major component of the human diet. In this review, we provide an overview of the major pigments in sweet potato with much emphasis on their biosynthesis, functions, and regulatory control. More- over, current findings on the molecular mechanisms underlying the biosynthesis and accumulation of carotenoids and anthocyanins in sweet potato are discussed. Insights into the composition, biosynthesis, and regulatory control of these major pigments will further advance the biofortification of sweet potato and provide a reference for breeding carotenoid- and anthocyanin-rich varieties. Keywords: Anthocyanin; biosynthesis; carotenoid; flesh color; sweet potato 1 Introduction Sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] is a dicot perennial Convolvulaceae plant cultivated as an annual crop. -
Epicatechin and Taxifolin Relevant for the Treatment of Hypertension and Viral Infection: Knowledge from Preclinical Studies
antioxidants Review Mechanisms Modified by (−)-Epicatechin and Taxifolin Relevant for the Treatment of Hypertension and Viral Infection: Knowledge from Preclinical Studies Iveta Bernatova 1,* and Silvia Liskova 1,2 1 Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewiczova 1, 813 71 Bratislava, Slovakia; [email protected] 2 Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +421-2-32296013 Abstract: Various studies have shown that certain flavonoids, flavonoid-containing plant extracts, and foods can improve human health. Experimental studies showed that flavonoids have the capacity to alter physiological processes as well as cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with their antioxidant properties. An important function of flavonoids was determined in the cardiovascular system, namely their capacity to lower blood pressure and to improve endothelial function. (−)- Epicatechin and taxifolin are two flavonoids with notable antihypertensive effects and multiple beneficial actions in the cardiovascular system, but they also possess antiviral effects, which may be of particular importance in the ongoing pandemic situation. Thus, this review is focused on the Citation: Bernatova, I.; Liskova, S. current knowledge of (−)-epicatechin as well as (+)-taxifolin and/or (−)-taxifolin-modified biological Mechanisms Modified by action and underlining molecular mechanisms determined in preclinical studies, which are relevant − ( )-Epicatechin and Taxifolin not only to the treatment of hypertension per se but may provide additional antiviral benefits that Relevant for the Treatment of could be relevant to the treatment of hypertensive subjects with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Hypertension and Viral Infection: Knowledge from Preclinical Studies.