Fine-Scale Habitats Influence Tree Species Assemblage in a Miombo
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Vascular Plant Survey of Vwaza Marsh Wildlife Reserve, Malawi
YIKA-VWAZA TRUST RESEARCH STUDY REPORT N (2017/18) Vascular Plant Survey of Vwaza Marsh Wildlife Reserve, Malawi By Sopani Sichinga ([email protected]) September , 2019 ABSTRACT In 2018 – 19, a survey on vascular plants was conducted in Vwaza Marsh Wildlife Reserve. The reserve is located in the north-western Malawi, covering an area of about 986 km2. Based on this survey, a total of 461 species from 76 families were recorded (i.e. 454 Angiosperms and 7 Pteridophyta). Of the total species recorded, 19 are exotics (of which 4 are reported to be invasive) while 1 species is considered threatened. The most dominant families were Fabaceae (80 species representing 17. 4%), Poaceae (53 species representing 11.5%), Rubiaceae (27 species representing 5.9 %), and Euphorbiaceae (24 species representing 5.2%). The annotated checklist includes scientific names, habit, habitat types and IUCN Red List status and is presented in section 5. i ACKNOLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, let me thank the Nyika–Vwaza Trust (UK) for funding this work. Without their financial support, this work would have not been materialized. The Department of National Parks and Wildlife (DNPW) Malawi through its Regional Office (N) is also thanked for the logistical support and accommodation throughout the entire study. Special thanks are due to my supervisor - Mr. George Zwide Nxumayo for his invaluable guidance. Mr. Thom McShane should also be thanked in a special way for sharing me some information, and sending me some documents about Vwaza which have contributed a lot to the success of this work. I extend my sincere thanks to the Vwaza Research Unit team for their assistance, especially during the field work. -
Annual Growth Ring Patterns in Brachystegia Spiciformis Reveal Influence of Precipitation on Tree Growth1
BIOTROPICA 38(3): 375–382 2006 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00155.x Annual Growth Ring Patterns in Brachystegia spiciformis Reveal Influence of Precipitation on Tree Growth1 Valerie´ Trouet Vegetation Dynamics Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, 302 Walker Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, U.S.A. Pol Coppin2 Laboratory for Forest, Nature and Landscape Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Vital Decosterstraat 102, 3000 Leuven, Belgium and Hans Beeckman3 Laboratory for Wood Biology and Xylarium, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium ABSTRACT The availability of exactly dated tree-ring chronologies is limited in tropical regions. However, these chronologies could contribute widely to studies of the influence of natural and human-induced factors on tropical forests. We examine the potential for building a chronology based on three sites in the miombo woodland of western Zambia. Brachystegia spiciformis Benth., a dominant species from this vegetation type, is used. Response of the chronology to several climatic factors is examined. All specimens showed very clear growth rings, and cross-dating between radii of a tree was successful for all trees. Site chronologies could be constructed after cross-dating of growth ring series of individual trees. The mean growth ring curves of the three sites were significantly similar, allowing for the construction of a regional chronology. Correlation function analysis between the tree-ring chronology and regional climatic variables revealed that climate at the core of the rainy season, in December and January, has an explicit influence on tree growth. Where precipitation and relative humidity in these months influence tree growth positively, temperature correlates in a negative way. -
Investigating the Impact of Fire on the Natural Regeneration of Woody Species in Dry and Wet Miombo Woodland
Investigating the impact of fire on the natural regeneration of woody species in dry and wet Miombo woodland by Paul Mwansa Thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science of Forestry and Natural Resource Science in the Faculty of AgriSciences at Stellenbosch University Supervisor: Prof Ben du Toit Co-supervisor: Dr Vera De Cauwer March 2018 Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za Declaration By submitting this thesis electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the sole author thereof (save to the extent explicitly otherwise stated), that reproduction and publication thereof by Stellenbosch University will not infringe any third party rights and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification. March 2018 Copyright © 2018 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved i Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za Abstract The miombo woodland is an extensive tropical seasonal woodland and dry forest formation in extent of 2.7 million km². The woodland contributes highly to maintenance and improvement of people’s livelihood security and stable growth of national economies. The woodland faces a wide range of disturbances including fire that affect vegetation structure. An investigation into the impact of fire on the natural regeneration of six tree species was conducted along a rainfall gradient. Baikiaea plurijuga, Burkea africana, Guibourtia coleosperma, Pterocarpus angolensis, Schinziophyton rautanenii and Terminalia sericea were selected on basis of being an important timber and/or utilitarian species, and the assumed abundance. The objectives of the study were to examine floristic composition, density and composition of natural regeneration; stand structure and vegetation cover within recently burnt (RB) and recently unburnt (RU) sections of the forest. -
English Cop17 Inf. 47 (English Only / Únicamente En Inglés / Seulement En Anglais)
Original language: English CoP17 Inf. 47 (English only / Únicamente en inglés / Seulement en anglais) CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA Seventeenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties Johannesburg (South Africa), 24 September – 5 October 2016 TRADE STUDY OF SELECTED EAST AFRICAN TIMBER PRODUCTION SPECIES This document has been submitted by Germany* in relation to agenda items 62, 77 and 88. * The geographical designations employed in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the CITES Secretariat (or the United Nations Environment Programme) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The responsibility for the contents of the document rests exclusively with its author. CoP17 Inf. 47 – p. 1 Anthony B. Cunningham Trade study of selected east African timber production species BfN-Skripten 445 2016 Trade study of selected east African timber production species Handelsstudie zu ostafrikanischen Holzarten (FKZ 3514 53 2003) Anthony B. Cunnigham Cover picture: A worker of a sawmill in front of Dalbergia melanoxylon logs in Montepuez/Mozambique (A.B. Cunningham) Author’s address: Dr. Anthony B. Cunningham Cunningham Consultancy WA Pty Ltd. 2 Tapper Street Au-6162 Fremantle E-Mail: [email protected] Scientific Supervision at BfN: Dr. Daniel Wolf Division II 1.2 “Plant Conservation“ This publication is included in the literature database “DNL-online” (www.dnl-online.de) BfN-Skripten are not available in book trade. Publisher: Bundesamt für Naturschutz (BfN) Federal Agency for Nature Conservation Konstantinstrasse 110 53179 Bonn, Germany URL: http://www.bfn.de The publisher takes no guarantee for correctness, details and completeness of statements and views in this report as well as no guarantee for respecting private rights of third parties. -
Species Accounts
Species accounts The list of species that follows is a synthesis of all the botanical knowledge currently available on the Nyika Plateau flora. It does not claim to be the final word in taxonomic opinion for every plant group, but will provide a sound basis for future work by botanists, phytogeographers, and reserve managers. It should also serve as a comprehensive plant guide for interested visitors to the two Nyika National Parks. By far the largest body of information was obtained from the following nine publications: • Flora zambesiaca (current ed. G. Pope, 1960 to present) • Flora of Tropical East Africa (current ed. H. Beentje, 1952 to present) • Plants collected by the Vernay Nyasaland Expedition of 1946 (Brenan & collaborators 1953, 1954) • Wye College 1972 Malawi Project Final Report (Brummitt 1973) • Resource inventory and management plan for the Nyika National Park (Mill 1979) • The forest vegetation of the Nyika Plateau: ecological and phenological studies (Dowsett-Lemaire 1985) • Biosearch Nyika Expedition 1997 report (Patel 1999) • Biosearch Nyika Expedition 2001 report (Patel & Overton 2002) • Evergreen forest flora of Malawi (White, Dowsett-Lemaire & Chapman 2001) We also consulted numerous papers dealing with specific families or genera and, finally, included the collections made during the SABONET Nyika Expedition. In addition, botanists from K and PRE provided valuable input in particular plant groups. Much of the descriptive material is taken directly from one or more of the works listed above, including information regarding habitat and distribution. A single illustration accompanies each genus; two illustrations are sometimes included in large genera with a wide morphological variance (for example, Lobelia). -
Bark Medicines Used in Traditional Healthcare in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa: an Inventory
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector South African Journal of Botany 2003, 69(3): 301–363 Copyright © NISC Pty Ltd Printed in South Africa — All rights reserved SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY ISSN 0254–6299 Bark medicines used in traditional healthcare in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: An inventory OM Grace1, HDV Prendergast2, AK Jäger3 and J van Staden1* 1 Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Botany and Zoology, University of Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa 2 Centre for Economic Botany, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AE, United Kingdom 3 Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, 2 Universitetsparken, 2100 Copenhagen 0, Denmark * Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Received 13 June 2002, accepted in revised form 14 March 2003 Bark is an important source of medicine in South Overlapping vernacular names recorded in the literature African traditional healthcare but is poorly documented. indicated that it may be unreliable in local plant identifi- From thorough surveys of the popular ethnobotanical cations. Most (43%) bark medicines were documented literature, and other less widely available sources, 174 for the treatment of internal ailments. Sixteen percent of species (spanning 108 genera and 50 families) used for species were classed in threatened conservation cate- their bark in KwaZulu-Natal, were inventoried. gories, but conservation and management data were Vernacular names, morphological and phytochemical limited or absent from a further 62%. There is a need for properties, usage and conservation data were captured research and specialist publications to address the in a database that aimed to synthesise published infor- gaps in existing knowledge of medicinal bark species mation of such species. -
Population Status of Pterocarpus Angolensis DC in the Lowveld
Research & Reviews: Journal of Agriculture and Allied Sciences e-ISSN:2347-226X p-ISSN:2319-9857 The Dynamics on the Ecology of Pterocarpus angolensis DC Sadiki TS1, Tshisikhawe MP1* and Potgieter MJ2 1Department of Botany, School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Venda, Private Bag x5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa 2Department of Biodiversity, University of Limpopo Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa Research Article Received date: 04/01/2018 ABSTRACT Accepted date: 25/01/2018 Pterocarpus angolensis is a tree species that is extensively used Published date: 02/02/2018 for its medicinal bark and good quality wood in South Africa. Its demand has resulted in some local extinctions in distribution area, leaving very few viable populations in natural areas. The current study was looked *For Correspondence at the status of a pristine population located in the Lowveld National Botanical Garden, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. Data on population Tshisikhawe MP, Department of Botany, School of parameters such as basal stem circumferences, plant height, and crown Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of health estimates were collected from 16 transects of 100 m x 5 m. Results Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, showed a healthy population that displayed an inverse J-shaped curve as South Africa. analysed from some of the parameters sampled. More individuals found within the 0-50 cm stem circumference size class is an indication of a population with a healthy base for recruitment. Most of trees were in the E-mail: [email protected] 6.1-8.0 m height class which is a sign of a population with a good number of individuals in fruits bearing stage. -
How Changing Fire Management Policies Affect Fire Seasonality and Livelihoods”
AMBIO Electronic Supplementary Material This supplementary material has not been peer reviewed. Title: “How changing fire management policies affect fire seasonality and livelihoods”. Table S1 Timeline of historical events affecting the Khwe, Mbukushu and the Government of the Republic of Namibia (GRN) in Bwabwata National Park (1795 – 2016). Year/s Historical event Prehistoric period Presence of hunter-gatherer cultures [San] in the region 1795 -1800 Arrival of Bantu-speaking tribes in the region1 Khwe were subject to slave raids that extended from the Angolan coast to northern 1830 Namibia2 1840 -1850s First recorded encounters of the Khwe with Europeans3 First map produced of north-east Namibia by the Swedish hunter and explorer, Sir Charles 1852 John Andersson4 1850s Settlement of Mbukushu along the Kwando and Okavango Rivers in West Caprivi Establishment of Namibia as a German Protectorate (Deutsch Sudwestafrika) as German 1884 South West Africa (SWA) 5 Hunter-gather societies were exposed to Bantu tribes and introduced to stock farming and 1900s agriculture Delineation of Germany's northern boundaries in an agreement called the Portuguese- 1886 German Convention drawn up between Portugal (Angolan colony) and Germany Banning of all fires by law under the German Colony of South West Africa (Deutsche 1888 Kolonialgesellshaft für Südwestafrika) West Caprivi under the jurisdiction of German administration through an agreement, the 1890 Anglo-German Agreement was signed between Britain and Germany Rinderpest epidemic affects wildlife and -
Pterocarpus Angolensis DC
SEED LEAFLET No. 36 September 2000 Pterocarpus angolensis DC. Taxonomy and nomenclature Botanical description Family: Fabaceae, subfam. Papilionoideae Medium to large tree, up to 16 m tall. Dark grey to Synonyms : No accepted synonyms brown, rough bark, longitudinally fissured. The bark Vernacular/common names: bloodwood, African exudes a blood-red, sticky substance when injured. teak (Eng.), mninga (Swahili), mukwa (S. Africa) Leaves alternate, imparipinnate with 5-9 pairs of subopposite to alternate leaflets. Leaflets elliptic- Distribution and habitat lanceolate to obovate, 2.5 - 7 cm long, 2-4.5 cm wide. The species is indigenous to East Africa from Tan- Leaflet margins entire. Inflorescences large, 10-20 cm zania to S. Africa. It occurs in Malawi, Mocambique, long, axillary or terminal panicles. Flowers orange- Zambia, Zimbabwe and Botswana. Its occurrence in yellow, sweetly scented. the western parts of southern Africa is uncertain. It is found in Miombo woodlands but rarely in pure Fruit and seed description stands and sometimes as stunted trees in wooded Fruit: large, 8-12 cm diameter circular indehiscent grassland on mountain tops. In South Africa, it usually pod (samara), light brown to straw coloured when grows in the lowveld in woodland and bushveld in mature. Central part of the fruit is 2-3 cm in diameter, deep sandy soil and sometimes on hillsides. densely covered with up to 1.3 cm long bristles; the It prefers well-drained soils, is sensitive to frost and pericarp is very hard. Circular wing, 3-4 cm wide. reputed to be resistant to fire. Within the area of Normally only one seed per fruit. -
Wood Anatomy of Five Species from Mozambique and Its Potential Application
BOSQUE 39(2): 169-175, 2018 DOI: 10.4067/S0717-92002018000200169 ARTÍCULOS Wood anatomy of five species from Mozambique and its potential application Anatomía de la madera de cinco especies de Mozambique y su aplicación potencial Narciso Fernando Bila a, Reinaldo Luis a, Thaís Alves Pereira Gonçalves b, Graciela Inés Bolzon de Muñiz c, Silvana Nisgoski c* a Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Faculdade de Agronomia e Engenharia Florestal, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Secção Tecnologia da Madeira, Mozambique, Africa. b Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, PA, Brasil. *Corresponding author: c Federal University of Parana, Department of Forest Engineering and Technology, Av. Pref. Lothário Meissner, 632, Jardim Botânico, 80.210-170, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, phone (55) 41 – 3360-4275, [email protected] SUMMARY Wood trade is strongly dependent on global economic conditions. In Africa, the market for tropical wood also has dynamic changes. In Mozambique, the international demand for wood comes mainly from emerging economies such as China and India. Almost 70 % of the country is still covered by forests and other woody vegetation. There are many species with favorable properties for wood commerce, although, at present, this is restricted to a few species. We analyzed the wood anatomy of Acacia nigrescens, Combretum imberbe, Icuria dunensis, Pericopsis angolensis and Sterculia appendiculata and comment about properties and potential use based on their anatomical composition. In general, the species presented wood diffuse pores, simple perforation plates, alternate intervessel pits, deposits in vessels; abundant axial parenchyma; multiseriate rays, very thick-walled fibers and mineral inclusions. Based on anatomical characteristics, the studied species have great potential for use in panels industry, furniture, floor, structures and craftwork. -
Brachystegia Spiciformis Benth
Brachystegia spiciformis Benth. Fabaceae - Caesalpinioideae msasa LOCAL NAMES Bemba (muputu,kampela); English (zebrawood,bean-pod tree); Lozi (mutuya,muputi); Lunda (mupuchi); Ndebele (igonda,igonde); Nyanja (mputi); Shona (msasa,musasa); Swahili (mrihi,mriti,mtundu,myombo); Tongan (musewe); Trade name (msasa) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION Brachystegia spiciformis is a tree 8-25 m (max. 28) high with a flat crown. Bark is dark brown or pale grey and smooth when young, later becoming rough, dark grey, deeply fissured vertically, horizontally cracked, slowly flaking in thick, irregular scales. Branches are heavy, thrusting upwards and outwards, often twisting and curving, giving the tree beautiful shape and balance. Gum is deep red. Leaves are pendulous, dark green, oblong-elliptic, 2.5-8 x 1-4.5 cm, shiny above, smooth or slightly hairy below, common, hairy midrib with a swelling at the base; apex tapering, finally rounded, notched and tipped with a fine hairlike bristle; base markedly asymmetric, narrowed or round; margin entire; each leaf bearing 2-7 but usually 4 pairs of opposite or nearly opposite leaflets, the terminal pair being the largest (2.5-9 cm long) and the bottom the smallest; petiolules very short, petiole up to 2.5 cm long, very finely hairy. Stipule threadlike, falling very early. Flowers are small, greenish, produced in short, dense, thickset terminal spikes, 3-6 cm long, sweetly scented, simple or with 1 or 2 branches; with white filaments and red anthers. Pods are usually hidden in the foliage, thinly woody, flat, green, yellow, red-brown to yellowish-green, turning grey or brown and smooth when mature, up to 16 cm long, base narrow, broadening towards the apex, tips strongly beaked splitting explosively to release the seeds. -
SABONET Report No 18
ii Quick Guide This book is divided into two sections: the first part provides descriptions of some common trees and shrubs of Botswana, and the second is the complete checklist. The scientific names of the families, genera, and species are arranged alphabetically. Vernacular names are also arranged alphabetically, starting with Setswana and followed by English. Setswana names are separated by a semi-colon from English names. A glossary at the end of the book defines botanical terms used in the text. Species that are listed in the Red Data List for Botswana are indicated by an ® preceding the name. The letters N, SW, and SE indicate the distribution of the species within Botswana according to the Flora zambesiaca geographical regions. Flora zambesiaca regions used in the checklist. Administrative District FZ geographical region Central District SE & N Chobe District N Ghanzi District SW Kgalagadi District SW Kgatleng District SE Kweneng District SW & SE Ngamiland District N North East District N South East District SE Southern District SW & SE N CHOBE DISTRICT NGAMILAND DISTRICT ZIMBABWE NAMIBIA NORTH EAST DISTRICT CENTRAL DISTRICT GHANZI DISTRICT KWENENG DISTRICT KGATLENG KGALAGADI DISTRICT DISTRICT SOUTHERN SOUTH EAST DISTRICT DISTRICT SOUTH AFRICA 0 Kilometres 400 i ii Trees of Botswana: names and distribution Moffat P. Setshogo & Fanie Venter iii Recommended citation format SETSHOGO, M.P. & VENTER, F. 2003. Trees of Botswana: names and distribution. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 18. Pretoria. Produced by University of Botswana Herbarium Private Bag UB00704 Gaborone Tel: (267) 355 2602 Fax: (267) 318 5097 E-mail: [email protected] Published by Southern African Botanical Diversity Network (SABONET), c/o National Botanical Institute, Private Bag X101, 0001 Pretoria and University of Botswana Herbarium, Private Bag UB00704, Gaborone.