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Woking Palace Conservation Management Plan WOKING PALACE CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT PLAN January 2016 Purcell ® 15 Bermondsey Square, London SE1 [email protected] www.purcelluk.com All rights in this work are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored or DOCUMENT ISSUE transmitted in any form or by any means (including without limitation by photocopying or placing ISSUE 1 NOVEMBER 2012 - WOKING BOROUGH COUNCIL on a website) without the prior permission in writing of Purcell except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Applications for permission to ISSUE 2 JANUARY 2013 - WOKING BOROUGH COUNCIL reproduce any part of this work should be addressed to Purcell at [email protected]. ISSUE 3 MAY 2013 - WOKING BOROUGH COUNCIL Undertaking any unauthorised act in relation to this work may result in a civil claim for damages and/or criminal prosecution. Any materials used in this work which are subject to third party ISSUE 4 DECEMBER 2015 - WOKING BOROUGH COUNCIL copyright have been reproduced under licence from the copyright owner except in the case of ISSUE 5 JANUARY 2016 - WOKING BOROUGH COUNCIL works of unknown authorship as defined by the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Any person wishing to assert rights in relation to works which have been reproduced as works of unknown authorship should contact Purcell at [email protected]. Purcell asserts its moral rights to be identified as the author of this work under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Purcell® is the trading name of Purcell Miller Tritton LLP. © Purcell 2015 TM/KB/lkc/tro/233752 CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 5 1.1 Reasons for and Objectives of the Report 5 1.2 Scope of the Study 5 1.3 Existing Information and Gaps in Knowledge 6 1.4 Acknowledgements 6 1.5 Adoption and Review 6 2 UNDERSTANDING WOKING PALACE 7 2.1 Location 7 2.2 Management and Use 9 2.3 Designations 9 2.4 History 12 2.5 Description of the Site 24 3 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE 37 3.1 Introduction 37 3.2 Evidential Value 37 3.3 Historical Value 38 3.4 Aesthetic Value 38 3.5 Communal Value 38 3.6 Ecological Value 39 3.7 Significance by Area 42 3.8 Comparative Examples 43 3.9 Summary of Significance 45 4 ISSUES AND OPPORTUNITIES 46 4.1 Issues 46 4.2 Opportunities 49 5 POLICIES 51 5.1 Conservation Objectives 51 5.2 Policies 52 5.3 Issue Specific Policies 55 6 ACTIVITY PLAN: HERITAGE AND ECOLOGY 59 7 BIBLIOGRAPHY 63 APPENDICES [Appendices are bound as separate documents] Appendix A - Legislation, Guidance, Policy and Designations Appendix B - Surrey Historic Environment Record (HER) Data Appendix C - Condition Survey Appendix D - Measured Survey and Rectified Photography Appendix E - Repair Guidelines Appendix F - Guideline Specifications for Maintenance Works within the Palace Site by Specialists and Volunteer Working Parties Appendix G - Conservation Management Plan, Adoption Guidelines and Monitoring Contents 3 Site Location Plan, with the site highlighted in red © Landmark Surveys 2012 4 Woking Palace, Conservation Management Plan, January 2016 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 REASONS FOR AND OBJECTIVES OF As a result of the issues affecting the management and use of the THE REPORT Heritage Asset, Woking Borough Council has commissioned Purcell, with the assistance of Greengage LLP (to consult on ecology),to Woking Palace is a Scheduled Monument located in Old Woking, produce a Conservation Management Plan (CMP) which will provide: Surrey. The property is owned and managed by Woking Borough Council (WBC) and is of national importance. The Tudor Palace • An understanding of the site’s heritage and natural assets; developed from one of the most important manorial sites in Surrey, • An understanding of the history, current use, management and first occupied around AD1200 on the grant of Woking Manor. maintenance of the site; During the following 400 years the Manor and Palace remained very • An analysis of the reasons Woking Palace is significant and to closely associated with the Kings and Queens of England, but was whom it is significant; abandoned in the early 17th century, the site was subsequently used • An assessment of the issues relating to the current use and for farming and fell into decline. In 1988 Woking Borough Council management of the site, and the potential opportunities and (WBC) purchased the site. The charity ‘Friends of Woking Palace’ was scope for change it could accommodate; and established in 2003. WBC has maintained the site with the aid of The • A set of conservation policies which will provide guidance about Friends. how to enhance the use of the site and better utilise it as a public amenity. This will inform a managed change to provide a viable This Conservation Management Plan (CMP) will consider the Palace and sustainable long term future for the site. site (hereafter referred to as ‘the site’), outlined on the plan overleaf. Woking Palace is closed to public access with the exception of open The study will also address how to resolve any issues with regard days which are operated by The Friends of Woking Palace. Public to accessibility, fire risk, sustainability and outline what long term interaction is hindered by the lack of formal access or provision for maintenance will be needed to the building. disabled persons (in line with Equality Act 2010). However the site is considered important by a number of stakeholders and Woking 1.2 SCOPE OF THE STUDY Borough Council has recognised an opportunity to enhance this site and make it accessible to the public, who will be able to draw a The scope of the study area covers an area which is enclosed by a strong sense of history and enjoy the surrounding nature from this moated boundary to the north, east and west and the River Wey to multifaceted asset. This will also create a more sustainable future the south. The moats also form part of ‘the site’. for the site which is currently conserved in an ad-hoc and reactive manner. The site is surrounded by open marshland which once formed part of an historic deer park. The marshland to the south of the river is designated as a ‘Site of Special Scientific Interest’ (SSSI). Although these areas are located outside of the study area they will be referenced in order to inform a greater understanding and sound conservation management planning of the site. The site is marked in red on the accompanying plan opposite, and aerial photographs overleaf. 1.0 Introduction 5 1.3 EXISTING INFORMATION AND GAPS 1.5 ADOPTION AND REVIEW IN KNOWLEDGE The first draft of this report was supplied to Woking Borough Several sources have been consulted during the preparation of this Council for review. Subsequently, the major stakeholders, such CMP. One principal source of information was the site itself. Several statutory bodies and Historic England, were invited to make site visits were made during 2012 in which the individual assets, both comment on the draft document. historical and natural, were inspected. Stakeholders consulted include: Various documents about the site’s history and conservation management have previously been published. This CMP has taken Diane Phillips: Woking Borough Council account of the information in these documents. Jane Horsfield: Woking Borough Council Arran Henderson Woking Borough Council Previous studies include: Marilyn Scott: The Lightbox Paul Roberts Historic England • Cawsey, P. Nancarrow, I. (2012) Woking Palace Management Plan Richard Massey Historic England (2012-2017), Merrist Wood College Sarah Abbott: The Friends of Woking Palace • Murphy, T (2012) Woking Palace Conservation Statement, Purcell Richard Savage: Surrey Archaeological Society • Spencer , C. Horsfield, J. (2009) Management Plan: Woking Palace, County Archaeologist: Surrey County Council Woking Borough Council: Asset Management Business Area. Frances Halstead: Surrey Wildlife Trust This CMP has also been informed by Historic England guidance The Environment Agency has been consulted as part of the design Conservation Principles, Policies and Guidance (April 2008), and the of the master plan. Future pre-application consultations with the Heritage Lottery Fund’s Conservation Management Planning (April Environment Agency are recommended prior to all future works 2008). within the environs of the River Wey. 1.4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Several individuals and groups have significantly contributed to the completion of this document. This includes: Diane Phillips: Woking Borough Council Jane Horsfield: Woking Borough Council Arran Henderson Woking Borough Council Marilyn Scott: The Lightbox Paul Roberts Historic England Richard Massey: Historic England Sarah Abbott: The Friends of Woking Palace Richard Savage: Surrey Archaeological Society County Archaeologist: Surrey County Council Frances Halstead: Surrey Wildlife Trust Mike Waite Surrey Wildlife Trust Morgan Taylor: Greengage Mitch Cooke: Greengage Rob Poulton: Surrey County Council Phillip Moll 6 Woking Palace, Conservation Management Plan, January 2016 2 UNDERSTANDING WOKING PALACE 2.1 LOCATION Woking Palace is located approximately 0.8 kilometres east of Old Woking Village on a sandy island of higher ground within a broad flood plain. The southern boundary of the study area is formed by the River Wey. The north, east and west boundaries of the site is formed by the historic moat. The site is principally accessed on the east side where the moat is culverted, via a short track from Carters Lane. Beyond the site boundary the land is characterised by open fields. The listed buildings and domestic curtilage of Woking Park Farm are located to the north east of the site. Site Location 1.0 Introduction 7 Outline Of Study Area 8 Woking Palace, Conservation Management Plan, January 2016 2.2 MANAGEMENT AND USE Archaeological excavations, with a strong community archaeological and volunteer component, have taken place at the site under the 2.2.1 OWNERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT aegis of the Woking Palace Archaeological Project each year from Woking Palace is owned by Woking Borough Council (who 2009 to 2012.
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