DOCSLIB.ORG

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD— Extensions of Remarks E523 HON

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD— Extensions of Remarks E523 HON CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Ð Extensions of Remarks E523 Two weeks later, King led a second march And she knew God was with them, she said. One of those who said she'll join Ronita's that successfully reached Montgomery. He knew what they had been through. effort was LaDreena Maye, an African Amer- Lewis, who suffered a broken skull in the The students heard testimonyÐin the back ican junior whose shyness belies a depth of first march, was asked if he'd ever felt the room of a diner in Selma, in church base- thought and feeling. urge to strike back. ments and in community theaters, and in She wants to be a doctor, and she found in- ``I never had any desire or urge to strike the offices of elected officials in Mont- spiration to push for her goal from those back in any sense. I believe in nonviolence, gomeryÐthat God has played a hand in the with whom the students met. She also not just as a technique, not just as a tactic, civil rights movement, protecting those who learned about those who did nothing while but as a way of life and a way of living,'' he were marching, reassuring, those who were injustices and cruelty were taking place. said. in doubt and bringing light to those who had ``When I see something going on, I'll prob- In the back of the theater sat Darnell Ene, been on the wrong side of the issue. ably want to be more quick to address it his fists clenched as Lewis described the ``In struggle, you need something to be- now, instead of just sitting and letting it Selma beating. lieve, a hope and a faith to believe in,'' said pass by,'' she said. ``It's not right,'' he said later. ``You Katie Gutierrez, a Latina junior and herself ``I guess that now from the tripÐknowing shouldn't do that kind of stuff, and to make a devout Christian. ``With all the hatred, you what we knowÐthat there is a bit of an obli- things worse, (the marchers were) doing it need love somewhere, and God is love.'' gation. I think we should all want to come nonviolently. They had a perfect reason to THE PAST AND THE FUTURE back and educate people about some of the turn violent, but they didn't. That shows On the sixth day of the trip, history teach- things we've learned on the trip. I think signs of strength.'' er Steinberg rose early to appear on a local something needs to be done.'' It's a strength Darnell and his friend Chris TV morning show in Montgomery. He said he DAY 10: Saturday, February 20, Memphis Ramirez, a Latino junior, said they don't hoped the trip would have a meaningful im- have. The buses rolled up to the Lorraine Motel pact on the students. and into a time warp. Darnell said he tries to walk away from ``Maybe they become more compassionate Parked in front were a white Dodge Royal disputes, but he doesn't shrink from physical and tolerant, and maybe they get inspired to with massive, olive-green tail fins and a violence if he's pushed to it. do better in school. * * * I think the kids are ``I don't like backing down,'' Chris said. ``I white Cadillac convertible. going to come back changed people,'' he said. There was a plaque, bearing a quote from can't back down.'' They probably will. But not all of them Genesis: ``Behold, here cometh the dreamer. The most spontaneous outburst by the stu- will. And not all of them will right away. dents came in Selma for a woman who did Near the end of the trip, Monique Jackson, .. Let us slay him and see what becomes of not back down. an African American senior, said she didn't his dreams.'' In the rear room of Lannie's, a locally fa- come back changed, but she came back bet- As the students stood outside the motel, mous diner where the students were served ter informed and touched by the realization Steinberg played an excerpt from King's fried chicken, fried catfish and fried pork that everywhere she went, Martin Luther final speech, delivered with a mystical pas- chops, they met Annie Lee Cooper. King Jr. had been there. sion the night before he was killed. Cooper was a part of a group that in 1964 ``The struggle back then is what led us up ``Like anybody, I would like to live a long tried to enter a local courthouse to register to now. * * * It's not really that bad now. life. Longevity has its place. But I'm not to vote. You can't stop a racist from being a racist, concerned about that now. I just want to do Her path was blocked by Sheriff Jim Clark, so what can you do? In these days, nobody God's will. And He's allowed me to go up the an enthusiastic and violent racist, who goes around hosing people down. Yes, there mountain. And I've looked over. And I've struck her. is still race discrimination, sex discrimina- seen the Promised Land.'' Cooper, no devotee of nonviolence, hit the tion. You just have to deal with it as it The students then took a guided tour of sheriff across the side of the face, and a comes.'' the adjacent National Civil Rights Museum, melee ensured that ended only after Clark In a letter to Ernest Green, one of the Lit- an interactive experience with vivid displays clubbed Cooper on the head with a nightstick tle Rock Nine, Kristin Davis, a white junior, that create a sense of time and place. and two other police officers wrestled her wrote: ``I believe in your philosophy that you It was like watching their trip unfold be- into handcuffs. cannot live in the past. Those experiences fore them on fast-forwardÐexcept that the When the students heard the story, they help shape your future, but you can't let tour ended outside Room 306 of the Lorraine jumped to their feet and applauded at length. them run your life.'' Motel. The applause was led by the otherwise African American junior Aisha The covers of one bed are slightly rumpled. quiet Michael Mosqueda, a Latino junior, Schexnayder wrote to Green: ``I've been A plate of catfish is set on the bed. Cigarette who said later that Cooper was a hero. through a lot in my life, but I can't see my- butts are crushed out in an ashtray. ``She didn't just take it and take it,'' he self going through all of that and still be It was as though Martin Luther King Jr. said. able to crack a smile.'' In a letter to John might step back through the door in just a But for Will Hannan, a white junior, and Lewis, white junior Kristin Agius wrote: moment. for others, the message of nonviolence rang ``Your message has made me rethink my idea Students who had been stoic throughout truest. of what it means to be important and what the trip stared into the room as if stricken. ``You don't need to arm people with weap- it means to make a difference. I've come to Some cried quietly. ons, you need to arm people with a certain the conclusion that a step forward, even a Then, they went to a conference room up- philosophy, and if they really intend to be small step, is better than aspiring for some- stairs and had lunch. warriors in the nonviolent battle, they need thing that will only benefit myself.'' Afterward, they stood, one at a time, and to live nonviolence as a way of life,'' he said. As she contemplated the Montgomery's talked about what the trip meant to them. FAITH Civil Rights Memorial, a setting of granite, Many cried. Some had to leave the room. Everywhere the students went, they went smoothly flowing waters and a roll call of Then they stood together and held hands to church. civil rights martyrs, Clarissa Pritchett, an and sang one chorus of ``We Shall Overcome'' They visited Ebenezer Baptist Church in African American junior, said: ``All the peo- before heading home. Atlanta, where King had been pastor at the ple worked so hard to get us where we are f time of his death; Dexter Avenue Baptist today, and I worry that we're going to leave Church in Montgomery, a stone's throw from it undone.'' INTRODUCTION OF LEGISLATION the state capitol, where Jefferson Davis was Theresa Calpotura, a junior of Filipino de- sworn in as president of the Confederacy and scent, said she would return from the trip de- TO COMBAT THE CRIME OF where King has his first pastorship; and the termined to overcome her innate shyness INTERNATIONAL TRAFFICKING 16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, and to work on matters of racial and social AND TO PROTECT THE RIGHTS where the four girls were killed. inequality. OF THE VICTIMS In the basement of the church, where the ``You have to start with yourself before girls had been going to Sunday school when you can change anything else, and that's 12 sticks of dynamite exploded, the students what this trip did for me,'' she said. ``You HON. LOUISE M. SLAUGHTER heard from Lola Hendricks. have to know that tolerance is important. OF NEW YORK She had marched in Birmingham, and her It's basically the glue of our society.'' IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 8-year-old daughter spent five days in jail Theresa's close friend, Ronita Jit, a junior during the ``Children's Crusade,'' in which of Indian descent, said she would return de- Tuesday, March 23, 1999 the black youth of Birmingham were sent termined to start an organization on campus Ms.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Appendix B. Scoping Report
    Appendix B. Scoping Report VALERO CRUDE BY RAIL PROJECT Scoping Report Prepared for November 2013 City of Benicia VALERO CRUDE BY RAIL PROJECT Scoping Report Prepared for November 2013 City of Benicia 550 Kearny Street Suite 800 San Francisco, CA 94104 415.896.5900 www.esassoc.com Los Angeles Oakland Olympia Petaluma Portland Sacramento San Diego Seattle Tampa Woodland Hills 202115.01 TABLE OF CONTENTS Valero Crude By Rail Project Scoping Report Page 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 2. Description of the Project ........................................................................................... 2 Project Summary ........................................................................................................... 2 3. Opportunities for Public Comment ............................................................................ 2 Notification ..................................................................................................................... 2 Public Scoping Meeting ................................................................................................. 3 4. Summary of Scoping Comments ................................................................................ 3 Commenting Parties ...................................................................................................... 3 Comments Received During the Scoping Process ........................................................ 4 Appendices
    [Show full text]
  • Birmingham Civil Rights Historic District
    NFS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 1-31-2009) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Name of Property County and State Section number ____ Page ____ Name of multiple property listing (if applicable) SUPPLEMENTARY LISTING RECORD NRIS Reference Number: 06000940 Date Listed: October 19, 2006 Property Name: Birmingham Civil Rights Historic District County: Jefferson State: Alabama Civil Rights in Birmingham. Alabama. 1933-1979 Multiple Name This property is listed in the National Register of Historic Places in accordance with the attached nomination documentation subject to the following exceptions, exclusions, or amendments, notwithstanding the National Park Service certification included in the nomination documentation. October 19. 2006 Signature of the Keeper Date of Action Amended Items in Nomination: Section 8. Statement of Significance The period of significance is hereby changed to 1956-1963. Section 10. Geographical Data The following is hereby added as the verbal boundary justification for the property: The boundaries of the district encompass the resources determined to have been significant in Civil Rights organizing and protests in downtown Birmingham between 1956 and 1963. [This change was made in consultation with and approved by the National Register staff of the Alabama SHPO.] The Alabama State Historic Preservation Office was notified of this amendment. DISTRIBUTION: National Register property file Nominating Authority (without nomination attachment) form lu-yuu UMtJ [NO. 1UUZ4-UU15 (Oct. 1990) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 1. Name of Property historic name Birmingham Civil Rights Historic District other names/site number N/A 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Oral History Project Mrs. Lola H. Hendricks January 19, 1995 Code: Huntley [H] Hendricks [He]
    Oral History Project Mrs. Lola H. Hendricks January 19, 1995 Code: Huntley [H] Hendricks [He] H: As you well know, what we're attempting to do is to develop, really, a history of Birmingham through the struggle with individuals like yourself who were participants of the Movement. And we'll start with a number of questions, and then we'll get into questions about the Movement itself. He: Okay. H: Let me first get a little background. He: Okay. H: Where were your parents from? Were both from Birmingham? He: No, neither were from Birmingham. My mother was born in Standing Rock, Alabama, and my father was born in La Grange, Georgia. H: And you were born in Birmingham? He: Yes. H: How many brothers and sisters do you have? He: I have only one sister. H: One sister. Were you the older? He: I'm the oldest. H: You're the oldest. What about education—your parents’ education? He: I don't think either one of them finished high school. Went to elementary, that's all. H: Okay. What were their occupations? He: My mother was a cook, and my father worked for a coal company as a truck driver. H: Did she work outside of the home for other people? He: Yes she did. H: Did she live in the home for the people that she worked for? Or did she live at home? He: No, she lived at home with the family. H: Okay. He: She would leave us and go to work every day. H: What about your education? How much education do you have? He: I finished Parker High School, and I have two years of Booker T.
    [Show full text]
  • Birmingham Historical Society RESEARCH REPORT Addressing
    Birmingham Historical Society RESEARCH REPORT Addressing the Importance of Birmingham Civil Rights Leader; Fred Lee Shuttlesworth, Pastor, Bethel Baptist Church (1953-1961) President, Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights (1956-1969) Secretary, Southern Christian Leadership Conference (1960-1970) Prepared for National Historic Landmarks Staff Review By Marjorie L. White With research assistance from Lauren Bishop, Michelle Crunk, Brenda Howell, Bill Jones, Fred Renneker, Carol Slaughter, Marjorie Lee White and volunteer proofreaders Cathy Adams, Rhonda Covington, Aaron Moyana, Joe Strickland Draft, August 2, 1997 RESEARCH REPORT Addressing the Importance of Birmingham Civil Rights Leader: Fred Lee Shuttlesworth, Pastor, Bethel Baptist Church (1953-1961) President, Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights (1956-1969) Secretary, Southern Christian Leadership Conference (1960-1970) TABLE OF CONTENTS I. On Fred Shuttlesworth's Role in the Birmingham Movement 4 Statement of Significance 28 II. Fred Lee Shuttlesworth: Freedom Fighter — Highlights of His Role in the Civil Rights 30 Movement III. Comments of Contemporaries and Historians on Shuttlesworth — Opinions and Analyses 42 IV. Shuttlesworth on the Role of the Church and the ACMHR in the Civil Rights Movement — An Anthology of his Sermons, Addresses and Reports, 1957-1969; Reflections, 1977. 47 V. On the Importance of the Birmingham Civil Rights Movement — Civil Rights Participants and 57 Scholars' Reflections VI. Birmingham Churches Active in the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights 69 (ACMHR) and the Birmingham Civil Rights Movement, 1956-1963 VII. Bibliography 70 RESEARCH REPORT Addressing the Importance of Birmingham Civil Rights Leader: Fred Lee Shuttlesworth, Pastor, Bethel Baptist Church (1953-1961) President, Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights (1956-1969) Secretary, Southern Christian Leadership Conference (1960-1970) APPENDICES A.
    [Show full text]
  • The Parallel Between Martin Luther King, Jr.'S Elements of a Nonviolent Civil Rights Campaign and Jackie Robinson's Entry Onto the Brooklyn Dodgers
    Volume 3 Issue 2 Article 7 1996 The Past as Moral Guide to the Present: The Parallel between Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Elements of a Nonviolent Civil Rights Campaign and Jackie Robinson's Entry onto the Brooklyn Dodgers James R. Devine Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.villanova.edu/mslj Part of the Entertainment, Arts, and Sports Law Commons Recommended Citation James R. Devine, The Past as Moral Guide to the Present: The Parallel between Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Elements of a Nonviolent Civil Rights Campaign and Jackie Robinson's Entry onto the Brooklyn Dodgers, 3 Jeffrey S. Moorad Sports L.J. 489 (1996). Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.villanova.edu/mslj/vol3/iss2/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Jeffrey S. Moorad Sports Law Journal by an authorized editor of Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law Digital Repository. Devine: The Past as Moral Guide to the Present: The Parallel between Mart THE PAST AS MORAL GUIDE TO THE PRESENT: THE PARALLEL BETWEEN MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR.'S ELEMENTS OF A NONVIOLENT CIVIL RIGHTS CAMPAIGN AND JACKIE ROBINSON'S ENTRY ONTO THE BROOKLYN DODGERS JAMES R. DEVINE* About 1963, in Birmingham, Dr. King wrote: "We proved that we possessed the most formidable weapon of all-the conviction that we were right. We had the protection of our knowledge that we were more concerned about realizing our righteous aims than about saving our skins.
    [Show full text]
  • We're Going Too!
    “We’re Going Too!” The Children of the Birmingham Civil Rights Movement DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Gisell Jeter-Bennett, M.A. Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2016 Dissertation Committee: Hasan Kwame Jeffries, Advisor Lilia Fernández Judy Wu Copyright by Gisell Jeter-Bennett 2016 Abstract In 1963, the Birmingham, Alabama civil rights movement brought both national and international attention to the plight of southern African Americans. The Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights (ACMHR), in partnership with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), utilized nonviolent direct action – marches, sit- ins, jail-ins, and boycotts- to challenge Birmingham’s discriminatory laws and practices. The success of the Birmingham campaign was due in large part to the participation and personal sacrifice of black schoolchildren. This dissertation examines the local Birmingham movement from the perspective of its most indispensible participants, black youth. It explores what it meant to be a black child coming of age under Jim Crow. It analyzes the recruitment, participation, and impact of Birmingham black youth in the Children’s March, a weeklong protest from May 2 to May 7, 1963, during which over 2,000 children between ages six and eighteen marched through Birmingham’s streets in nonviolent protest against racial inequality. It also looks anew at the bombing of the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church on September 15, 1963, which led to the deaths of four black school-aged girls, and the subsequent killing of two black boys.
    [Show full text]
  • Telling Our Story
    TellingTelling OurOur StoryStory ANNUAL REPORT TO THE MEMBERS 1998 A Walk to Freedom salutes the Rev. Fred Shuttlesworth and the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights, those who stood up for their rights until rights were won for all through the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The Society’s 1998 publi- cation tells the story from the Movement perspective, through the eyes of the strong network of Christian churchgoers who banded together throughout the city to stage a God-filled, non-violent confrontation to banish segregation. A Walk to Freedom is available at the Main Library, area book- stores, city branches of AmSouth bank and the Society. Our Web site will soon feature it and our other activities. Below left, Trustee Carolanne Roberts reviews publication images at Duncan House. Special Events celebrating the book’s release included an Old Fashioned Mass Meeting at the Bethel Baptist Church, Collegeville. Pictured are the Reverends Ed Gardner and Fred Shuttlesworth with the Movement Choir under the direction of Carlton Reese, left, at the organ. Birmingham Public Library hosted an exhibit of publication photographs and an autograph party. Pictured, below left, are Lola Hendricks, ACMHR Secretary and publication adviser; the Rev. Fred Shuttlesworth (also shown right), publication editor Marjorie White and Trustees Carole Sanders and Stewart Dansby. Alabama Humanities Foundation cosponsored the exhibit and a gathering of Civil Rights scholars at Sixteenth Street Baptist Church. Pictured, below right, are Dr. Glenn Eskew, Dr. Wilson Fallin, Jr., Rev./Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker, Rev. Fred Shuttlesworth, Marjorie White, Dr. Aldon Morris and Dr. Andrew Manis. Mercer University Press will publish their reflections.
    [Show full text]
  • Difference Made Legal: the Court and Dr. King
    Michigan Law Review Volume 87 Issue 8 1989 Difference Made Legal: The Court and Dr. King David Luban University of Maryland Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.law.umich.edu/mlr Part of the Law and Race Commons, Legal History Commons, and the Supreme Court of the United States Commons Recommended Citation David Luban, Difference Made Legal: The Court and Dr. King, 87 MICH. L. REV. 2152 (1989). Available at: https://repository.law.umich.edu/mlr/vol87/iss8/5 This Symposium is brought to you for free and open access by the Michigan Law Review at University of Michigan Law School Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Michigan Law Review by an authorized editor of University of Michigan Law School Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DIFFERENCE MADE LEGAL: THE COURT AND DR. KING David Luban * No set of legal institutions or prescriptions exists apart from the nar­ ratives that locate it and give it meaning. For every constitution there is an epic, for each decalogue a scripture. Once understood in the context of the narratives that give it meaning, law becomes not merely a system of rules to be observed, but a world in which we live. - Robert Covert No fact that is a cause is for that very reason historical. It becomes historical posthumously, as it were, through events that may be sepa­ rated from it by thousands of years. A historian who takes this as his point of departure stops telling the sequence of events like the beads of a rosary.
    [Show full text]
  • The Main Event: Thirty-Eighth Annual Meeting June 3, 2013
    VOLUME XXXV NUMBER 3, 2013 The Main Event: Thirty-Eighth Annual Meeting June 3, 2013 The 38th Annual Meeting of the Society was held on supporter of the Society’s programs, and has hosted dinners Monday, June 3, 2013 at the United States Supreme Court. and lectures, and assisted in many other ways with his insight As usual, the fi rst event was the Annual Lecture, presented and suggestions. this year by Justice Antonin Scalia and Professor Bryan A. Joining the Justice on June 3rd was his co-author and Garner. The Justice and his colleague are coauthors of the collaborator, Professor Bryan A. Garner. Professor Garner recent: Reading Law: The Interpretation of Legal Texts. is a Distinguished Research Professor of Law at Southern The lecture highlighted Methodist University major themes from School of Law and is the book. A large and President of Lawprose enthusiastic audience atte- Inc., which specializes in nded in the Supreme Court providing CLE training Chamber. in legal writing. He is Society President well known in the legal Gregory P. Joseph intro- community as an author duced the speakers, and speaker. In addition observing that this was to his present book with the third time that Justice Justice Scalia, he also Scalia has presented the coauthored an earlier book Annual Lecture. His fi rst with the Justice: Making appearance, in 1985, was Your Case, the Art of before his appointment to Persuading Judges. the Supreme Court. At that Among lawyers Professor time, then-Judge Scalia Garner is well known as was serving on the Court the editor in chief of recent of Appeals for the District Justice Scalia was joined by Professor Bryan Garner (right) for the editions of the famous of Columbia.
    [Show full text]
  • Valero Crude by Rail Project Public Comments Received Revised DEIR Public Review Period October 17‐23, 2015
    Valero Crude by Rail Project Public Comments received Revised DEIR Public Review Period October 17‐23, 2015 Commenter Date Received Agencies Sacramento Metro AQMD 19-Oct-15 Town of Truckee 19-Oct-15 California Governor's Office of Planning and Research 21-Oct-15 Individuals Duayne Weiler 19-Oct-15 Ellen Frazen 19-Oct-15 Veronnica Cox 19-Oct-15 Elaine Brandt 19-Oct-15 Cathy Bennett 19-Oct-15 Lisa Dadgar 19-Oct-15 Madonna Anglin 19-Oct-15 Miriam Amari 19-Oct-15 Paul Sanchez 19-Oct-15 Carol Blaney 19-Oct-15 Christina Fong 19-Oct-15 FS Grassia 19-Oct-15 Paul & Lois Leimone 19-Oct-15 Edie Bruce 19-Oct-15 Ruby Wallis 19-Oct-15 Rhonda Kazmierski 19-Oct-15 Janet Petermann 19-Oct-15 Vinny Tounalom 19-Oct-15 Brenda Haig 19-Oct-15 Joe Ginsburg 19-Oct-15 Alec Bostock 19-Oct-15 Russell Grindle 19-Oct-15 Diane Kent 19-Oct-15 Catherine Gould 19-Oct-15 Judy Moran 19-Oct-15 Bartlomiej Tomczak 19-Oct-15 Mary Haley 19-Oct-15 Rod Repp 19-Oct-15 Patricia Vazquez 19-Oct-15 Alicia Moreno 19-Oct-15 Anne Klein 19-Oct-15 Dianne Miller 19-Oct-15 Louise Sellon 19-Oct-15 Doug A Boyum 19-Oct-15 Stoni Tomson 19-Oct-15 Denise East 19-Oct-15 Paula Warner 19-Oct-15 Antoinette Gonzales 19-Oct-15 Lena Williams 19-Oct-15 Neil Angelo 19-Oct-15 William D 19-Oct-15 Joan Scott 19-Oct-15 Val Fernandez 19-Oct-15 Else Fergo 19-Oct-15 Nancy Williamson 19-Oct-15 Guy Graham 19-Oct-15 Stephanie Christoff 19-Oct-15 Ed & Linda Yarbrough 19-Oct-15 Nancy Zebracki 20-Oct-15 Hal Trufan 20-Oct-15 Laurie Demeter 20-Oct-15 Antje Struthmann 20-Oct-15 Steve Weigner 20-Oct-15 Kathy Sabatini 20-Oct-15
    [Show full text]
  • Abbreviations Used in Notes
    Notes Abbreviations Used in Notes APRP A. Philip Randolph Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC ARC Amistad Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA BCP Theophilus Eugene “Bull” Connor Papers, Department of Archives and Manuscripts, Bir- mingham Public Library, Birmingham, AL BMP Burke Marshall Papers, John F. Kennedy Library, Boston, MA BPL Department of Archives and Manuscripts, Birmingham Public Library, Birmingham, AL BRP Bayard Rustin Papers (microfilm) BSCPP Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC CCHP Clarie Collins Harvey Papers, Amistad Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA COREC Congress of Racial Equality Collection, Swarthmore College Peace Collection, Swarthmore, PA COREP Congress of Racial Equality Papers (microfilm) COREPA Congress of Racial Equality Papers, Addendum, 1944–1968 (microfilm) CUOHC Columbia University Oral History Collection, New York, NY FBI-FRI FBI Case Files, Freedom Rider Investigation, Department of Archives and Manuscripts, Birmingham Public Library, Birmingham, AL FORP Fellowship of Reconciliation Papers, Swarthmore College Peace Collection, Swarthmore, PA FUSC Fisk University Special Collections, Nashville, TN ICCR Interstate Commerce Commission Records, Record Group 134, U.S. National Archives II, College Park, MD JFKL John F. Kennedy Library, Boston, MA KMSP Kelly Miller Smith Papers, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN KPA Martin Luther King, Jr. Papers, the Martin Luther King, Jr., Center for Nonviolent Social Change, Atlanta, GA MLKP Martin Luther King, Jr., Papers, Mugar Library, Boston University, Boston, MA MSCP Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission Papers, Mississippi Department of Archives and History, Jackson, MS NAACPP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC NTP Norman Thomas Papers, New York Public Library, New York, NY RBOHC Ralph Bunche Oral History Collection, Moorland-Spingarn Research Center, Howard Uni- versity, Washington, DC Notes to Pages 1–4 589 RFKP Robert F.
    [Show full text]
  • Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights, 1956-196 / F P ;VYA;LZ;
    r'l TJ • I ^TPtlPIffQlllPQ , | |i| Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights, 1956-196 / F P ;VYA;LZ; The Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth and the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights, 1956-1964 Marjorie L. White Published by Birmingham Historical Society Birmingham Historical Society White, Marjorie L. Includes index. 1. Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights. 2. Rev. Fred Lee Shuttlesworth 3. Baptists— United States—Clergy 4. African-Americans—Civil Rights ISBN (softback) 0-943994-24-1 Library of Congress 98-74154 Copyright © 1998 by Birmingham Historical Society One Sloss Quarters Birmingham, Alabama 35222 Telephone 205-251-1880. ORIGINAL LIMITED EDITION Printed in Canada Cover Illustration: "5/4/1963-Birmingham, AL - During a mass rally of more than 3,000 Negroes protesting segregation, these three demonstrators hold hands for strength against the water." Original UPI caption; UPI/Corbis Bettmann Archive U1378208-29. Reprinted with permission. Table of Contents Introduction, Marjorie L. White iv Easter Boycotts, 1962 39 Preface, Rev. Fred Lee Shuttlesworth vi Meeting Churches, 1962 39 The Historical Significance of Birmingham, Rev. Wyatt Tee Walker . vii Bethel Baptist Church Bombed Again, 1962 42 Shelter in the Storm—The African-American Church George Wallace Inaugurated Governor, 1963 44 in Birmingham, Rev. Wilson Fallin, Jr viii Meeting Churches, 1963 45 Organization of the Alabama Christian Movement The "Birmingham Manifesto," 1963 48 for Human Rights, 1956 2 The Non-Violence Ethic 49 Declaration of Principles 4 Project
    [Show full text]