Safe Satellite Navigation with Multiple Constellations: Global Monitoring of Gps and Glonass Signal-In-Space Anomalies
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
50 Satellite Formation-Flying and Rendezvous
Parkinson, et al.: Global Positioning System: Theory and Applications — Chap. 50 — 2017/11/26 — 19:03 — page 1 1 50 Satellite Formation-Flying and Rendezvous Simone D’Amico1) and J. Russell Carpenter2) 50.1 Introduction to Relative Navigation GNSS has come to play an increasingly important role in satellite formation-flying and rendezvous applications. In the last decades, the use of GNSS measurements has provided the primary method for determining the relative position of cooperative satellites in low Earth orbit. More recently, GNSS data have been successfully used to perform formation-flying in highly elliptical orbits with apogees at tens of Earth radii well above the GNSS constellations. Current research aims at dis- tributed precise relative navigation between tens of swarming nano- and micro-satellites based on GNSS. Similar to terrestrial applications, GNSS relative navigation benefits from a high level of common error cancellation. Furthermore, the integer nature of carrier phase ambiguities can be exploited in carrier phase differential GNSS (CDGNSS). Both aspects enable a substantially higher accuracy in the estimation of the relative motion than can be achieved in single-spacecraft navigation. Following historical remarks and an overview of the state-of-the-art, this chapter addresses the technology and main techniques used for spaceborne relative navigation both for real-time and offline applications. Flight results from missions such as the Space Shuttle, PRISMA, TanDEM-X, and MMS are pre- sented to demonstrate the versatility and broad range of applicability of GNSS relative navigation, from precise baseline determination on-ground (mm-level accuracy), to coarse real-time estimation on-board (m- to cm-level accuracy). -
Secretariat Distr.: General 25 November 2014
United Nations ST/SG/SER.E/733 Secretariat Distr.: General 25 November 2014 Original: English Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space Information furnished in conformity with the Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space Letter dated 30 October 2014 from the Legal Services Department of the European Space Agency addressed to the Secretary-General In conformity with the Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space (General Assembly resolution 3235 (XXIX), annex), the rights and obligations of which the European Space Agency (ESA) has declared its acceptance of, the Agency has the honour to transmit information on space objects Sentinel-1A and ATV-5, which were put into orbit within the past seven months (see annex). The Agency has the further honour to note that with effect from 28 October 2014, the date of signature of the Agreement between the European Union, Represented by the European Commission, and the European Space Agency on the Implementation of the Copernicus Programme, Including the Transfer of Ownership of Sentinels, the Agency has transferred the ownership of Sentinel-1A to the European Union. (Signed) Marco Ferrazzani ESA Legal Counsel and Head of the Legal Services Department V.14-07991 (E) 031214 041214 *1407991* ST/SG/SER.E/733 Annex Registration data on space objects launched by the European Space Agency* Sentinel-1A Information provided in conformity with the Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space Committee on Space Research 2014-016A international -
AMA 2009 UNE ANNÉE « BIG BANG » IYA09 - Behind the Big Bang
LE MAGAZINE D’INFORMATION DU CENTRE NATIONAL D’ÉTUDES SPATIALES cnescnesmag N° 41 04/2009 AMA 2009 UNE ANNÉE « BIG BANG » IYA09 - Behind the Big Bang L’oiseau et le satellite Birds under satellite scrutiny JEAN-MICHEL JARRE Un ambassadeur pour l’astronomie Astronomy’s ambassador sommaire ERATJ contents N°41 - 04/2009 06 04 / 15 news Smos, Des mesures disponibles à l’automne SMOS: data coming soon Soyouz, dernière ligne droite avant le lancement Soyuz in Guiana: first launch in sight 11 100 ans pour le salon du Bourget Paris Air Show centenary 16 / 29 politique Business & politics 16 Interview Fadela Amara, secrétaire d’État en charge de la Politique de la ville, à l’occasion du démarrage de l’opération « Espace dans ma ville » 2009. IInterview with Fadela Amara, Junior Minister for Urban Affairs, for the kick-off of Space in my City 2009. Séminaire de prospective Space science seminar Histoire d’espace: La France moteur de l’Europe spatiale Space History: France as Europe’s engine room in space 30 / 37 société Society L’oiseau et le satellite 30 Birds under satellite scrutiny Une expertise pour l’écotaxe poids lourds CNES expertise applied to truck eco-tax 38 / 59 dossier Special report 2009, une année « Big Bang » 2009 - Behind the Big Bang 60 / 68 Monde World États-Unis : la Nasa attend une nouvelle impulsion United States: NASA awaiting new momentum Europe : cap sur l’Espace européen de la recherche Europe: European Research Area in sight 69 / 75 culture Arts & living L’espace s’invite à La Nuit des musées Space in the spotlight on museum night Un espace dédié aux enseignants Dedicated site for teachers Des fusées expérimentales à Biscarosse Experimental rockets and more 60 CNESMAG journal trimestriel de communication externe du Centre national d’études spatiales.2 place Maurice-Quentin. -
Galileo FOC-M7 SAT 19-20-21-22
LAUNCH KIT December 2017 VA240 Galileo FOC-M7 SAT 19-20-21-22 VA240 Galileo FOC-M7 SAT 19-20-21-22 ARIANESPACE’S SECOND ARIANE 5 LAUNCH FOR THE GALILEO CONSTELLATION AND EUROPE For its 11th launch of the year, and the sixth Ariane 5 liftoff from the Guiana Space Center (CSG) in French Guiana during 2017, Arianespace will orbit four more satellites for the Galileo constellation. This mission is being performed on behalf of the European Commission under a contract with the European Space Agency (ESA). For the second time, an Ariane 5 ES version will be used to orbit satellites in Europe’s own satellite navigation system. At the completion of this flight, designated Flight VA240 in Arianespace’s launcher family numbering system, 22 Galileo spacecraft will have been launched by Arianespace. Arianespace is proud to deploy its entire family of launch vehicles to address Europe’s needs and guarantee its independent access to space. Galileo, an iconic European program Galileo is Europe’s own global navigation satellite system. Under civilian control, Galileo offers guaranteed high-precision positioning around the world. Its initial services began in December CONTENTS 2016, allowing users equipped with Galileo-enabled devices to combine Galileo and GPS data for better positioning accuracy. The complete Galileo constellation will comprise a total of 24 operational satellites (along with > THE LAUNCH spares); 18 of these satellites already have been orbited by Arianespace. ESA transferred formal responsibility for oversight of Galileo in-orbit operations to the GSA VA240 mission (European GNSS Agency) in July 2017. Page 3 Therefore, as of this launch, the GSA will be in charge of the operation of the Galileo satellite Galileo FOC-M7 satellites navigation systems on behalf of the European Union. -
Solving the Multilateration Problem Without Iteration
Article Solving the Multilateration Problem without Iteration Thomas H. Meyer 1 and Ahmed F. Elaksher 2,* 1 Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture, Health, and Natural Resources, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-4087, USA; [email protected] 2 Geomatics Program, College of Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The process of positioning, using only distances from control stations, is called trilateration (or multilateration if the problem is over-determined). The observation equation is Pythagoras’s formula, in terms of the summed squares of coordinate differences and, thus, is nonlinear. There is one observation equation for each control station, at a minimum, which produces a system of simultaneous equations to solve. Over-determined nonlinear systems of simultaneous equations are typically solved using iterative least squares after forming the system as a truncated Taylor’s series, omitting the nonlinear terms. This paper provides a linearization of the observation equation that is not a truncated infinite series—it is exact—and, thus, is solved exactly, with full rigor, without iteration and, thus, without the need of first providing approximate coordinates to seed the iteration. However, there is a cost of requiring an additional observation beyond that required by the non-linear approach. The examples and terminology come from terrestrial land surveying, but the method is fully general: it works for, say, radio beacon positioning, as well. The approach can use slope distances directly, which avoids the possible errors introduced by atmospheric refraction into the zenith-angle observations needed to provide horizontal distances. -
(GNSS) Based Augmentation System Low Latitude Threat Model
Effects Of Southern Hemisphere Ionospheric Activity On Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) Based Augmentation System Low Latitude Threat Model December 2014 Submitted to: Servicos de Defesa e Technologia de Processos (SDTP) And The U.S. Trade and Development Agency 1000 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 1600, Arlington, VA 22209-3901 Submitted by Mirus Technology LLC Prepared by the Mirus Technology, LLC (with Contributions from FAA, Stanford University, INPE, ICEA, Boston College, NAVTEC, and KAIST) Principal Investigator: Dr. Navin Mathur Executive Summary Ground-based Augmentation System (GBAS) augments the Global Positioning System (GPS) by increasing the accuracy to an appropriately equipped user. In addition to enhancing the accuracy of GPS derived accuracy, a GBAS provides the necessary integrity of accuracy (to a level defined by International Civil Aviation Organization, ICAO) required for a system that supports landing of an aircraft at an airport where GBAS is available. In addition, a GBAS system is designed to ensure the process of integrity and required continuity of GBAS operations and associated operational availability. The integrity of GBAS is threatened by several internal or external factors that can be broadly classified into three categories namely; Space Vehicle (SV) induced errors, environmental induced errors, and internally generated errors. Over the last decade, the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has systematically defined, classified, characterized, and addressed each of the error sources in those categories that apply within CONUS. These efforts culminated in approval of several GBAS Category-I approaches within CONUS at various locations (such as Newark, Houston, etc.). Through the process of GBAS development for CONUS, the aviation and scientific communities realized that the Ionosphere is one of the key contributors to GBAS integrity threat. -
The Navy Navigation Satellite System (Transit)
ROBERT J. DANCHIK THE NAVY NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM (TRANSIT) This article provides an update on the status of the Navy Navigation Satellite System (TRANSIT). Some insights are provided on the evolution of the system into its current configuration, as well as a discussion of future plans. BACKGROUND sign goal was never achieved for long in those early In 1958, research scientists at APL solved the orbit days because the satellites had short operational life of the first Russian satellite, Sputnik-I, by analysis of times. The failures largely resulted from inadequate the observed Doppler shift of its transmitted signal. component quality and the large number of wiring in This led immediately to the concept of satellite navi terconnections. However, after OSCAR 2 10 and OS gation and the development of the U.S. Navy Navi CAR 12 were launched in 1966 and 1967, respectively, gation Satellite System (TRANSIT) by APL, under the enough data on the failure mechanisms became avail sponsorship of the Navy's Special Projects Office, to able to APL to achieve the desired advances in reli provide position fixes for the Fleet Ballistic Missile ability. The integrated circuit introduced in OSCAR Weapon System submarines. (The articles in Ref. 1, 10 significantly extended the satellite lifetime by im a previous issue of the fohns Hopkins APL Techni proving component reliability and reducing the num cal Digest devoted to TRANSIT, give the principles ber of interconnections. Subsequently, the last major of operation and early history of the system.) Now, design change made to the solar cell interconnections, 26 years after its conception, the system is mature. -
Ariane 5 Completes 101St Successful Launch Bepicolombo Mission on Its Way to Mercury Rendezvous on 5 December 2025!
Ariane 5 completes 101st successful launch BepiColombo mission on its way to Mercury Rendezvous on 5 December 2025! On the night of 19-20 October, Ariane 5 completed a flawless launch from Europe’s spaceport at the Guiana Space Centre (CSG), placing into a hyperbolic liberation orbit the BepiColombo spacecraft built by Airbus Defence & Space with a consortium of 83 firms from 16 countries. The launch was Ariane 5’s 101st flight, its fifth in 2018 and the seventh of the year from the CSG. BepiColombo is a joint mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japan Aerospace eXploration Agency (JAXA) to study the surface and interior structure of Mercury. The mission comprises two orbiters, the Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO), renamed ‘Bepi’ by ESA, and the Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter (MMO), renamed Mio by JAXA, which will be inserted into orbit around Mercury on 5 December 2025. Bepi will map the entire surface of the planet and study its inner composition and structure, while Mio will analyse its magnetic field and magnetosphere, the layer of Mercury’s atmosphere where physical characteristics are governed by its magnetic field. Data gathered will provide new insights into the formation and evolution of the ‘inner’ planets of the solar system (Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars). CNES has overseen development of the French contribution to the mission for all of the eight research laboratories involved. With a launch mass of 4 081 kilograms, BepiColombo comprises the Mercury Transfer Module (MTM), which will carry the two Bepi and Mio orbiters, and the MMO Sunshield and Interface Structure (MOSIF). -
A Survey of Indoor Localization Systems and Technologies Faheem Zafari, Student Member, IEEE, Athanasios Gkelias, Senior Member, IEEE, Kin K
1 A Survey of Indoor Localization Systems and Technologies Faheem Zafari, Student Member, IEEE, Athanasios Gkelias, Senior Member, IEEE, Kin K. Leung, Fellow, IEEE Abstract—Indoor localization has recently witnessed an in- cities [5], smart buildings [6], smart grids [7]) and Machine crease in interest, due to the potential wide range of services it Type Communication (MTC) [8]. can provide by leveraging Internet of Things (IoT), and ubiqui- IoT is an amalgamation of numerous heterogeneous tech- tous connectivity. Different techniques, wireless technologies and mechanisms have been proposed in the literature to provide nologies and communication standards that intend to provide indoor localization services in order to improve the services end-to-end connectivity to billions of devices. Although cur- provided to the users. However, there is a lack of an up- rently the research and commercial spotlight is on emerging to-date survey paper that incorporates some of the recently technologies related to the long-range machine-to-machine proposed accurate and reliable localization systems. In this communications, existing short- and medium-range technolo- paper, we aim to provide a detailed survey of different indoor localization techniques such as Angle of Arrival (AoA), Time of gies, such as Bluetooth, Zigbee, WiFi, UWB, etc., will remain Flight (ToF), Return Time of Flight (RTOF), Received Signal inextricable parts of the IoT network umbrella. While long- Strength (RSS); based on technologies such as WiFi, Radio range IoT technologies aim to provide high coverage and low Frequency Identification Device (RFID), Ultra Wideband (UWB), power communication solution, they are incapable to support Bluetooth and systems that have been proposed in the literature. -
Supporting the Sustainable Development Goals
UNITED NATIONS OFFICE FOR OUTER SPACE AFFAIRS European Global Navigation Satellite System and Copernicus: Supporting the Sustainable Development Goals BUILDING BLOCKS TOWARDS THE 2030 AGENDA UNITED NATIONS Cover photo: ©ESA/ATG medialab. Adapted by the European GNSS Agency, contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2017), processed by ESA, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO OFFICE FOR OUTER SPACE AFFAIRS UNITED NATIONS OFFICE AT VIENNA European Global Navigation Satellite System and Copernicus: Supporting the Sustainable Development Goals BUILDING BLOCKS TOWARDS THE 2030 AGENDA UNITED NATIONS Vienna, 2018 ST/SPACE/71 © United Nations, January 2018. All rights reserved. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concern- ing the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Information on uniform resource locators and links to Internet sites contained in the present pub- lication are provided for the convenience of the reader and are correct at the time of issue. The United Nations takes no responsibility for the continued accuracy of that information or for the content of any external website. This publication has not been formally edited. Publishing production: English, Publishing and Library Section, United Nations Office at Vienna. Foreword by the Director of the Office for Outer Space Affairs The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development came into effect on 1 January 2016. The Agenda is anchored around 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which set the targets to be fulfilled by all governments by 2030. -
GUIDANCE, NAVIGATION, and CONTROL 2020 AAS PRESIDENT Carol S
GUIDANCE, NAVIGATION, AND CONTROL 2020 AAS PRESIDENT Carol S. Lane Cynergy LLC VICE PRESIDENT – PUBLICATIONS James V. McAdams KinetX Inc. EDITOR Jastesh Sud Lockheed Martin Space SERIES EDITOR Robert H. Jacobs Univelt, Incorporated Front Cover Illustration: Image: Checkpoint-Rehearsal-Movie-1024x720.gif Caption: “OSIRIS-REx Buzzes Sample Site Nightingale” Photo and Caption Credit: NASA/Goddard/University of Arizona Public Release Approval: Per multimedia guidelines from NASA Frontispiece Illustration: Image: NASA_Orion_EarthRise.jpg Caption: “Orion Primed for Deep Space Exploration” Photo Credit: NASA Public Release Approval: Per multimedia guidelines from NASA GUIDANCE, NAVIGATION, AND CONTROL 2020 Volume 172 ADVANCES IN THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES Edited by Jastesh Sud Proceedings of the 43rd AAS Rocky Mountain Section Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference held January 30 to February 5, 2020, Breckenridge, Colorado Published for the American Astronautical Society by Univelt, Incorporated, P.O. Box 28130, San Diego, California 92198 Web Site: http://www.univelt.com Copyright 2020 by AMERICAN ASTRONAUTICAL SOCIETY AAS Publications Office P.O. Box 28130 San Diego, California 92198 Affiliated with the American Association for the Advancement of Science Member of the International Astronautical Federation First Printing 2020 Library of Congress Card No. 57-43769 ISSN 0065-3438 ISBN 978-0-87703-669-2 (Hard Cover Plus CD ROM) ISBN 978-0-87703-670-8 (Digital Version) Published for the American Astronautical Society by Univelt, Incorporated, P.O. Box 28130, San Diego, California 92198 Web Site: http://www.univelt.com Printed and Bound in the U.S.A. FOREWORD HISTORICAL SUMMARY The annual American Astronautical Society Rocky Mountain Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference began as an informal exchange of ideas and reports of achievements among local guidance and control specialists. -
Calibration of Multilateration Positioning Systems Via Nonlinear Optimization
DEGREE PROJECT, IN OPTIMIZATION AND SYSTEMS THEORY , SECOND LEVEL STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN 2015 Calibration of Multilateration Positioning Systems via Nonlinear Optimization SEBASTIAN BREMBERG KTH ROYAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SCI SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES Calibration of Multilateration Positioning Systems via Nonlinear Optimization SEBASTIAN BREMBERG Master’s Thesis in Optimization and Systems Theory (30 ECTS credits) Master Programme in Applied and Computational Mathematics (120 credits) Royal Institute of Technology year 2015 Supervisor at Ericsson: Daniel Henriksson Supervisor at KTH: Johan Karlsson Examiner: Johan Karlsson TRITA-MAT-E 2015:62 ISRN-KTH/MAT/E--15/62--SE Royal Institute of Technology SCI School of Engineering Sciences KTH SCI SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden URL: www.kth.se/sci Kalibrering av System f¨or Multilaterations Positionerssystem genom Icke-linj¨ar Optimering ” Sammanfattning I denna masteruppsats utv¨arderas en metod syftande till att f¨orb¨attra noggran- nheten i den funktion som positionerar sensorer i ett tr˚adl¨ost transmissionsn¨atverk. Den positioneringsmetod som har legat till grund f¨or analysen ¨ar TDOA (Time Dif- ference of Arrival), en multilaterations-teknik som baseras p˚am¨atning av tidsskillnaden av en radiosignal fr˚an tv˚arumsligt separerade och synkrona transmittorer till en mottagande sensor. Metoden syftar till att reducera positioneringsfel som orsakats av att de ursprungliga positionsangivelserna varit felaktiga samt synkroniserings- fel i n¨atet. F¨or rekalibrering av transmissionsn¨atet anv¨ands redan k¨anda sensor- positioner. Detta uppn˚as genom minimering av skillnaden mellan signalbaserade TDOA-m¨atningar fr˚an systemet och uppskattade TDOA-m˚att vilka erh˚allits genom ber¨akningar av en given sensorposition baserat p˚aoptimering via en ickelinj¨ar minstakvadratanpassning.