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Plants of Indian Himalayan Region (An Annotated Checklist & Pictorial Guide)

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Plants of Indian Himalayan Region (An Annotated Checklist & Pictorial Guide) PLANTS OF INDIAN HIMALAYAN REGION (AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST & PICTORIAL GUIDE) (PART - I) by Paramjit Singh Sudhansu Sekhar Dash Bipin Kumar Sinha With contributions from Dinesh Singh Rawat, Sudipta Kumar Das, Vikash Kumar, Samiran Panday, Subhajit Lahiri, Deep Shekhar Das & Arnab Banarjee BOTANICAL SURVEY OF INDIA (National Mission on Himalayan Studies) 2019 PLANTS OF INDIAN HIMALAYAN REGION (AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST & PICTORIAL GUIDE) (PART - I) © Government of India Date of Publication: October, 2019 by Paramjit Singh Sudhansu Sekhar Dash Bipin Kumar Sinha With contributions from Dinesh Singh Rawat, Sudipta Kumar Das, Vikash Kumar, Samiran Panday, Subhajit Lahiri, Deep Shekhar Das & Arnab Banarjee Published by The Director Botanical Survey of India CGO Complex, 3rd MSO Building, Block - F, 5th & 6th Floor, DF - Block, Sector - I, Salt Lake City Kolkata - 700 064 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrival system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, Botanical Survey of India, CGO Complex, 3rd MSO Building, Block - F, 5th & 6th Floor, DF - Block, Sector - I, Salt Lake City, Kolkata - 700 064. Front cover : Panaromic view of Alpine landscape of Sikkim Himalaya at Dzongri 121. Rhododendron falconeri Hook. f. Back cover : 2. Cardamine macrophylla Willd. 343. Aster tricephalus C.B. Clarke 4. Swertia multicaulis D.Don Photo credit: Subhajit Lahiri ISBN 819411405-5 ISBN : 978-81-9411405-5 ` 796/- or Price : US $ 36 9 788194 114055 Printed at : Printtech Offset Pvt. Ltd. F-66/1 & F-66/2, Chandaka Industrial Area, P.O. KIIT, Bhubaneswar - 751024, Odisha MESSAGE The Indian Himalayan Region provides a wide range of ecosystem services and also presents a beautiful landscape. It plays an important role in global atmospheric circulation, the hydrological cycle, food security and economic activities of the people of Indian subcontinent. The diverse ecosystems of the Himalaya, evolved over millions of years, support high diversity of flora at the same time threatened. Recognizing all these global significance the entire Himalaya has also been included in the Global biodiversity Hotspots. Hence long term monitoring of the biodiversity; development of protocol for floral assessment of this fragile ecosystem, and its timely management involving all stake holders is need of the hour. I am happy to know that, Botanical Survey of India, the apex research organizations on plant taxonomy of this ministry, is publishing this book “Plants of Indian Himalayan Region: An annotated checklist and pictorial guide” in two parts. I am also delighted to know that, this book is the outcome of the project “Biodiversity Assessment through Long-term monitoring plots in the Indian Himalayan Landscape” assigned to Botanical Survey of India under the prestigious “National Mission for Himalayan Studies” scheme. The book contains an exhaustive checklist of 11,157 taxa, belonging to 2,359 genera and 241 angiosperm families that are occurring in Indian Himalayan Regions with updated nomenclature and detailed distribution. The book in two volumes also provides detailed introduction providing the geography, ecology, vegetation pattern and forest types of Indian Himalayas. Over 2000 digital images of the plants are given in 358 photo plates. I congratulate the entire team of authors and contributors for bringing out this important book. I hope the book will be useful to all stakeholders including students, academicians, researchers, environmentalists, policy makers and the overseas botanical fraternity to know about the plant wealth of this great mountain range. Date: 30.10.2019 MESSAGE Recent studies reveal that, Himalayan ecosystems have been adversely affected due to natural and man-made interventions, including climate change. Many noticeable impacts such as changes in species abundance and range, shifts in habitat, change in phenology have been observed. To understand all these impacts, knowledge on plant diversity is essential. Unless we identify the indicator plant, monitoring of these fragile ecosystems is not possible. Botanical Survey of India (BSI) has been studying floral diversity in Himalaya and documenting its composition. I am happy to know that BSI has established long term floral diversity monitoring plots in Indian Himalayan region as pilot study, to monitor the change in floral diversity. I am also delighted to know that in this endeavour, BSI is publishing an updated checklist of plants of entire Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) which is first of its kind. This publication; “Plants of Indian Himalayan Region: An annotated checklist and pictorial guide” in two parts, enumerates correct botanical names of 11157taxa, under 2359 genera and 241 families along with 358 photo plates. I congratulate the relentless efforts of Director, BSI and his team of Scientists in bringing out the information of Himalayan plants, otherwise scattered in sporadic publications. I am sure the book; “Plants of Indian Himalayan Region: An annotated checklist and pictorial guide” (in two parts) will be greatly useful in creating awareness among wide range of audience and update our knowledge on plant diversity of entire Indian Himalaya Region. New Delhi, the 1st November, 2019 MESSAGE I am happy to know that, Botanical Survey of India (BSI) has accomplished successfully the pilot project “Biodiversity Assessment through Long-term Monitoring plots in Indian Himalayan Landscape” under National Mission on Himalayan Studies. In the endeavour, BSI has been able to make a checklist of plants in Indian Himalayan Regions and publishing the book “Plants of Indian Himalayan Regions: An annotated checklist and pictorial guide”. A rich variety of floral components of entire Himalaya and their ecosystem services are well recognized. Systematic documentation of occurrences and distribution of plant species are contributing immensely the conservation measure of these fragile ecosystems. I am delighted to know that, the book enumerates 11,157 taxa, belonging to 2,359 genera and 241 angiosperm families with more than 2000 digital images in 358 photo plates. The book will not only update our knowledge about the plant diversity of Indian Himalaya Region but also, will be an instrument for correct identity of the species. I congratulate the team for their meticulous compilation of this pictorial guide of Himalayan plants and also to fulfill one of the major thrust areas of the ministry and mission to identify the floral component of Indian Himalayan Region. Dr. A. A. Mao Director Botanical Survey of India FOREWORD Botanical Survey of India, the premier research organisation on taxonomy has been engaged in documenting plant diversity from diverse ecosystems of our country. Continuous survey and exploration in different ecosystems,this organization have assembled enormous information on occurrence and distribution of plants species of our country. Many of the publication of BSI have been recognized as the integral referral taxonomic literatures. To increase our scope of research for a wider audience, BSI was assigned a pilot project on “Biodiversity Assessment through Long-term monitoring plots in the Indian Himalayan Landscape” underthe prestigious “National Mission for Himalayan Studies” which was successfully completed. I am happy that, in this endeavour BSI is able to publish the “Plants of Indian Himalayan Region: An annotated checklist and pictorial guide” in two volumes which enumerates 11,157 taxa, belonging to 2,359 genera and 241 angiosperm families with more than 2000 digital images. This exhaustive information is a first of its own kind and also fulfils the one of the mandate of Ministryand Indian obligation under Aichi Targets. It is our sincere hope that this compilation will serveas a valuable baseline data for researchers, policy makers and the common plant lovers. This will also definitely help to identify the plants of this region and lay afoundation for furtherfor progressive research in plant diversity. I congratulate the authors and the contributors for their dedicated effort to bring out this book. I am also sure that this publication will enhance our knowledge on plant resources of Himalaya by creating awareness amongst the common people in particular. PREFACE The Himalayas, literally meaning as ‘abode of snow’, is a 2500 km long arc- shaped mountain range which is not only jewelled with snow-clad peaks and glaciers, but also wide extended lush-green forests harbouring one of the most biodiversity rich regions on the earth.The entire Himalaya hasalso been included amongst 35 Global biodiversity Hotspots. The diverse ecosystems of Himalaya are not only not only present beautiful landscapes, but also play important role in global atmospheric circulation, the hydrological cycle, and water resources availability, and provide a wide range of ecosystem services to the local inhabitants. A comprehensive information on the plant diversity particularly on taxonomy, correct identiy and distribution is need of the hour. In the present endeavour, which was part of the project under National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS), implemented by Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEF & CC), Government of India, we have documented the angiosperm diversity that were reported from Indian Himalayan
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